WO2017208490A1 - Installation d'évacuation en cas de catastrophe - Google Patents

Installation d'évacuation en cas de catastrophe Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017208490A1
WO2017208490A1 PCT/JP2017/000901 JP2017000901W WO2017208490A1 WO 2017208490 A1 WO2017208490 A1 WO 2017208490A1 JP 2017000901 W JP2017000901 W JP 2017000901W WO 2017208490 A1 WO2017208490 A1 WO 2017208490A1
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floor
disaster
disaster evacuation
facility
area
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PCT/JP2017/000901
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
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肇 山口
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肇 山口
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Publication of WO2017208490A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017208490A1/fr

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/14—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against other dangerous influences, e.g. tornadoes, floods

Definitions

  • the present invention includes a large earthquake and the accompanying tsunami, a wide range of fires that occur with direct earthquakes, a fire whirl that accompanies this, the arrival of huge typhoons and long-term localized torrential rains,
  • the present invention relates to a disaster evacuation facility that allows a large number of victims to evacuate simultaneously in the event of a large-scale disaster such as unexpected heavy snowfall or volcanic eruption.
  • the disaster prevention evacuation shelter described in Patent Document 1 can evacuate only a small number of people into the disaster prevention evacuation shelter when a disaster occurs, and evacuates and accommodates many victims at once. It is impossible.
  • the evacuation facility described in Patent Document 2 has a structure in which a floating body 3 is accommodated in a cylindrical body 2 that is large in size, and the floating body rises according to the water level of a tsunami or flood.
  • the size of the floating body 3 is considerably smaller than the configuration of the entire evacuation facility, and the cost for installing the evacuation facility is very high.
  • the building which copes with the natural disaster described in Patent Document 3 has a cylindrical shape, and the disaster victims are sequentially evacuated from below, but the entrance for evacuation is narrow and the building There is no special device for the victims to quickly go up and move to the upper side. Therefore, when a large number of victims evacuate at once, they cannot be accommodated in the evacuation facility in a short time.
  • the tsunami shelter described in Patent Document 4 has a cylindrical shape as in Patent Document 3, and the disaster victims are sequentially evacuated from the lower side, but there is an entrance for evacuation. There is no special device for the disaster victims to move up and move one after another in the narrow and upper part of the building. Therefore, when a large number of victims evacuate at once, they cannot be accommodated in the evacuation facility in a short time.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to cover a wide range of fires caused by large earthquakes and associated tsunamis, direct-type earthquakes, fire whirlwinds associated with them, huge typhoons, and long-term local concentrations.
  • the purpose is to provide disaster evacuation equipment that allows large numbers of victims to evacuate simultaneously in the event of large-scale disasters such as heavy rain, unexpected heavy snow, and volcanic eruptions.
  • the disaster evacuation facility is: A disaster evacuation facility that urgently evacuates many victims in the event of a large-scale disaster, Consists of multiple floors,
  • the upper floor with a certain number of floors has a flat structure and can be used as a temporary refuge area.
  • a large number of evacuees can walk up to the upper floor one by one and stay on the spot and live temporarily refuge
  • An upper floor moving floor that has a slope of a possible level and a horizontal floor that can be walked and moved to the upper floor moving floor that is provided at the end of the upper floor moving floor and can be further walked to the upper floor. It is an evacuee walking area in which the turn-around parts are alternately continuous.
  • the safety confirmation and status report of the evacuated people can be unified and contacted with the necessary disaster countermeasure department accurately and promptly without confusion and confusion.
  • a disaster evacuation facility is the disaster evacuation facility according to claim 1,
  • the lower part of the outer wall of the disaster evacuation facility is provided with a refugee entrance where a disaster victim can enter a large number of people at once in the disaster evacuation facility.
  • the door is closed and the door is closed and the entrance of the refugee is sealed by the waterproof packing, even if the disaster evacuation equipment is submerged in the vicinity of the roof, the disaster evacuation equipment It has a structure in which water does not enter the refugee temporary stay area and the refugee walk movement area.
  • the doors are tightly closed before these waters are pushed by the tsunami caused by a large earthquake or river flooding due to the breakup of the embankment. Even if the entrance is sealed with a door and the disaster evacuation equipment is immersed in water near the rooftop in combination with other water intrusion prevention structures of the disaster evacuation equipment, the temporary evacuation area or evacuation area in the disaster evacuation equipment Prevent water from entering the walking area.
  • a disaster evacuation facility is the disaster evacuation facility according to claim 1,
  • the evacuee temporary stay area and the evacuee walking area are covered with a first wall surface, and a second wall surface is provided outside the first wall surface at a predetermined interval from the first wall surface.
  • a water storage tank is provided between the first wall surface and the second wall surface.
  • first and second walls are provided around the disaster evacuation facility, when the disaster evacuation facility is installed in a coastal city or municipality, even if a large tsunami arrives, Can ensure the safety of the evacuees.
  • disaster evacuation equipment is installed in inland cities and municipalities, for example, even if a fire due to a direct earthquake hits a wide area or a fire whirl occurs, It is possible to ensure the safety of evacuees in the facility.
  • a large-scale disaster may occur by filling the water from the normal time. Even if infrastructure such as waterworks ceases to function, the water in this water storage tank section can be used to make life for drinking water, food preparation water, toilet water, shower water, etc. It can be used for irrigation water and water used in hospitals in facilities.
  • a disaster evacuation facility according to claim 4 of the present invention is the disaster evacuation facility according to claim 3,
  • the second wall surface is provided with a heat insulating material over the entire surface.
  • a disaster evacuation facility is the disaster evacuation facility according to claim 3,
  • the first wall having a planar shape so that the upper edge of each wall surface is triangular when viewed from above in a state where the disaster evacuation facility is installed on the first wall surface with respect to the first wall surface.
  • the second wall surface extends at a predetermined angle from both ends in the width direction of the wall surface in a tapered shape.
  • the first and second walls have such a structure, a tsunami due to the occurrence of a large earthquake has occurred in the disaster evacuation facilities installed on the coast, and the river embankment in the surrounding area has been destroyed. If the disaster evacuation facility is immersed in water to a certain height, even if debris flows and hits the disaster evacuation facility, the debris will flow away from the facility again due to the flow of water. . As a result, it is possible to prevent the rubble from being damaged by the evacuation facility during a disaster and applying an excessive force to a part of the facility to break the facility.
  • a disaster evacuation facility is the disaster evacuation facility according to claim 1,
  • the water supply for supplying the public water supply supplied to the disaster evacuation facility to the uppermost part of the facility and each floor at a predetermined position between the first wall surface and the second wall surface of the disaster evacuation facility.
  • a pipe pipe is provided, and has a storage tank pipe that sucks and supplies water from a lower part of the water storage tank part to the upper part of the disaster evacuation equipment via a pump, and enters the disaster evacuation equipment. It has a drainage pipe that discharges the discharged water to the outside of the disaster evacuation facility through a pump.
  • the disaster evacuation equipment is immersed in water to a certain height due to flooding of the river due to the tsunami caused by a major earthquake and the break of the embankment, and water is flooded inside the disaster evacuation equipment due to some trouble Even if it is infiltrated, the infiltrated water can be quickly discharged out of the evacuation facility at the time of a disaster using a drain pipe, so as not to hinder the victim's temporary stay life.
  • a disaster evacuation facility according to claim 7 of the present invention is the disaster evacuation facility according to claim 2,
  • the disaster evacuation facility is provided with a staircase on the outside of the disaster evacuation facility that allows the victim to walk up to the refugee temporary stay area with the door closed.
  • a disaster evacuation facility according to claim 8 of the present invention is the disaster evacuation facility according to claim 1,
  • the disaster evacuation equipment is characterized in that it is equipped with an elevating device capable of transporting refugees from the ground to the refugee temporary stay area with the disaster evacuation equipment installed.
  • a disaster evacuation facility is the disaster evacuation facility according to claim 1,
  • Each floor of the refugee temporary stay area is provided with a notch at a position facing each floor adjacent to the top and bottom, and a stair unit that can be detachably installed between the facing notches,
  • the step unit includes a plurality of rod-like bodies that can be coupled in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and a step-like plate that can be attached to the inside of the plurality of rod-like bodies in a state of being coupled in a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • Each plate is characterized in that it can be stored separately.
  • the disaster evacuation equipment has such a stair unit, so that it can be disassembled during normal times and stored in a designated place on each floor of the refugee temporary stay area.
  • a steel plate etc. By covering the notch with a steel plate etc., assembling the stair unit in the event of a disaster, and attaching this stair unit to the notch on the floor adjacent to the top and bottom, you can go back and forth between the temporary residence areas of the evacuees To.
  • a large-scale earthquake and accompanying tsunami attack a wide-range fire caused by a direct earthquake, a fire whirl that accompanies this, a huge typhoon and a long-term localized heavy rain
  • a large-scale disaster such as unexpected heavy snowfall or volcanic eruption, it is possible to provide a disaster evacuation facility that allows many victims to evacuate simultaneously.
  • the concept of the present invention is a permanent measure that assumes natural disasters that cannot be avoided in the future, especially the well-known Nankai Trough earthquake, and large floods.
  • a nursing home, a care home, a temporary storage for waiting children, a nursery school, and a kindergarten will be provided in the disaster evacuation facilities in advance. This is to develop such social infrastructure at the planning stage.
  • the features of the present invention are as follows. (1) If a disaster evacuation facility according to the present invention is installed in the suburbs of a city, town, or village area, it is possible to sleep in the facility until a temporary housing is planned after the disaster, which is extremely convenient.
  • the disaster evacuation facility According to the disaster evacuation facility according to the present invention, it is possible to effectively utilize a vacant land that is not currently used, and once installed, it can be used as an event venue or an indoor playground. It will be available semi-permanently to catastrophes that do not know when it will happen in the future. (3) According to the disaster evacuation facility according to the present invention, if new information such as the arrival of a huge tsunami enters the evacuation facility during a disaster, a large number of evacuees can quickly move to the upper part of the facility. (4) According to the disaster evacuation facility according to the present invention, even if the power supply infrastructure fails and the generator cannot be used, the generator fuel is exhausted, or the battery is exhausted, Evacuees can walk on their own and evacuate to the upper floors of the facility.
  • the capacity such as the number of evacuees accommodated in the facility can be determined by simple calculation while using official materials published by the government such as hazard maps and disaster prevention maps. Can be designed and constructed quickly.
  • the disaster evacuation facility according to the present invention it is possible to cope with a large flood in a so-called zero-meter region in an inland area other than the tsunami.
  • Socially vulnerable people can be protected from disasters by preparing nursing homes, care homes, temporary childcare centers, nursery schools, kindergartens and elementary schools in the disaster evacuation facilities in advance. It is possible to develop an infrastructure with excellent social welfare.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a disaster evacuation facility according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is the top view which looked at the disaster evacuation equipment shown in FIG. 1 from upper direction. It is a perspective view which fractures
  • FIG. 4 shows from the 2nd or more floors of the refugee walk movement area to a part of the n + 1 floor.
  • FIG. 6 shows the evacuee walk movement area shown in FIG. 6 in three dimensions.
  • FIG. 6 shows the stair unit which can be installed in an evacuee temporary stay area among the internal structures of the disaster evacuation equipment shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 6 shows partially the refugee entrance part of the evacuation equipment at the time of a disaster shown in FIG.
  • FIG. is a top view partially shown in the state which closed the opening-and-closing door of the evacuee entrance part shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 6 shows from the 2nd or more floors of the refugee walk movement area to a part of the n + 1 floor.
  • FIG. 6 shows the evacuee walk movement area shown in FIG. 6 in three dimensions.
  • FIG. 6 shows the stair unit which can be installed in an evacuee temporary stay area among the internal structures of the disaster evacuation equipment shown in FIG.
  • FIG. shows
  • a disaster evacuation facility 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
  • the shape, size, material, and the like of each component of the disaster evacuation facility 10 are only examples for explaining the present invention, and are within the scope of the present invention. If necessary, it can be changed as appropriate.
  • FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a disaster evacuation facility 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a disaster evacuation facility 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter simply referred to as “disaster evacuation facility 10” as appropriate) is a disaster evacuation facility that urgently evacuates a large number of victims when a large-scale disaster occurs.
  • the building structure is composed of a plurality of floors and has a rectangular parallelepiped shape as a whole, and the periphery of each side surface is covered with a tapered protective wall having a triangular shape when viewed from above.
  • the evacuees are indicated by reference numerals h1, h2, h3, h4, h5,... In FIGS.
  • the upper floor of the predetermined number of floors of the disaster evacuation facility 10 is used as an evacuee temporary stay area 100. Used as area 200.
  • the evacuee entrance section 300 On one side of the first floor of the disaster evacuation facility 10, there is an refugee entrance section 300 where a large number of refugees can enter at once.
  • the evacuee entrance section 300 is provided with an opening / closing door 310 which will be described in detail later.
  • an emergency staircase 400 (see FIG. 3) that allows refugees to go up and down from the first floor of the facility to the rooftop 500 at one corner of the four corners extending in the vertical direction of the disaster evacuation facility 10.
  • an emergency staircase door 401 through which an evacuee can enter the emergency staircase 400 is provided.
  • the structure of the emergency staircase door 401 is not described in detail here, the structure is an outward opening structure. That is, when the door is opened, the door can be opened only from the evacuee entrance part 300 to the outside, and is not opened inside.
  • the evacuees who use the emergency stairs climb the upper stairs according to the rise in the water level caused by the tsunami, for example, and protect themselves from the rise in the water level.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the disaster evacuation facility 10 shown in FIG. 1 as viewed from above.
  • the top floor 500 of the evacuation facility 10 at the time of the disaster that is, the rooftop 500 having a rectangular shape, allows a large number of refugees to stay temporarily and is a doctor helicopter or injured person who needs to be transported to a general hospital far from the facility It is also used as a heliport.
  • a skylight 510 for taking in sunlight at a predetermined position on the rooftop 500 is provided, and a cylindrical shape that forcibly exhausts or inhales air on each floor so that each floor does not lack oxygen.
  • the upper end portion of the ventilation ventilator 515 protrudes.
  • the skylight 510 is also provided on each floor of the evacuee temporary stay area 100, for example.
  • a plurality of refugees entering from the refugee entrance section 300 are arranged in parallel to evacuate to each floor at once.
  • the uppermost floor 610 of the elevator 600 protrudes.
  • the elevator 600 stops at that floor when the refugee selects an arbitrary number of floors, and the refugee can enter and exit at each selected arbitrary floor.
  • a plurality of men's toilets 520 and girls' toilets 530 are arranged in parallel on the side opposite to the side from which the top floor 610 of the elevator 600 of the rooftop 500 protrudes.
  • An upper water tank 540 is provided on the toilet 530.
  • These men's toilets 520 and girls' toilets 530 are provided for each floor in an arrangement state similar to the arrangement state shown on the rooftop 500 from the rooftop 500 to the first floor of the disaster evacuation facility 10.
  • the upper water tank 540 is used as toilet water provided on each floor from the top floor to the first floor.
  • the water pipe is always filled with water by the water pipe 810 shown in FIG. 3, and in an emergency when the water cannot be supplied from the water pipe 810, the water is filled through the water storage tank pipe 830. It is supposed to be. That is, the upper water tank 540 plays an important role of supplying toilet drain water not only during normal times but also when there is a water outage.
  • a pump room 550 for supplying tap water to the floors of each floor is provided next to the men's toilet 520.
  • a filtration filter (not shown) is provided in a suitable place of the tap water supply pipe in the pump chamber 550 or on the floor of each floor so that it can be used as drinking water or water for cooking ingredients.
  • FIG. 2 Four triangular spaces 560 (see FIG. 2) having a substantially triangular shape when viewed from above the facility 500 around the rooftop 500 of the disaster evacuation facility 10 constitute a maintenance area for a water storage tank unit 730, which will be described later.
  • Protective fences 561 are provided around the periphery.
  • a part of the protective fence 561 is provided with a lockable opening / closing door 562 for entering and exiting the maintenance area.
  • a safety valve 563 that discharges steam and the like in the water storage tank unit 730, and an entry / exit for a worker who cleans and maintains the water storage tank unit 730.
  • An open / close lid 564 is provided.
  • the rooftop exit of the emergency staircase 400 is provided with a water inflow prevention wall 570 that allows water to flow out from the rooftop without overflowing the water even when the emergency staircase 400 is totally immersed in water. .
  • an appropriate number of diesel engine generators are installed in the disaster evacuation facility 10 and fuel (heavy oil) for moving the generators is stored, and a disaster occurs. Even if the power supply infrastructure sometimes fails and power is not supplied from the outside, using these generators, the driving power of the elevator 600 lift device, the driving power of the pump that sends water to the upper part of the equipment, the equipment It is possible to supply power for medical equipment in the inside, driving power for the ventilator 515 for ventilating the inside of the facility, and power for lighting the lighting equipment in the facility.
  • the disaster evacuation facility 10 is provided with sensors (not shown) for controlling these various actuators at various places, and is also used as a power source for these sensors.
  • a roof part having a height that allows an evacuee to stand standing is provided in a part of the rooftop 500 that does not impair the function as a heliport, and a photovoltaic panel is placed on the roof part. It may be installed in. By providing such a solar power generation panel, it is possible to use the electric power generated thereby when lighting the lighting device inside the disaster evacuation facility 10.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a part of the outer wall of the disaster evacuation facility 10 shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a part of the outer wall of the disaster evacuation facility 10 shown in FIG.
  • the open / close door 310 of the refugee entrance part 300 of the disaster evacuation facility 10 is open, a large number of the above-mentioned elevators 600 are provided simultaneously from the refugee entrance part 300. Evacuees can ride.
  • many vertical partitions 601 shown in the back of the evacuee entrance part 300 of FIG.1 and FIG.3 are structures as a raising / lowering guide of each elevator 600.
  • FIG. When the elevator 600 does not reach the first floor, the evacuees walk through the partitions 601 and start walking on the lowest level of the upper floor moving floor 210 of the evacuee walking movement area 200 described later. It has become.
  • each step absorber 390 can be used by one or two persons to prevent the evacuee entrance part 300 from opening and closing the door. It has a weight and size that can be shifted and carried to another place where it does not become.
  • the level difference described above can be secured between the lower side of the waterproof packing 310a of the open / close door 310 of the evacuee entrance unit 300 and the lower side around the evacuee entrance unit 300 when the open / close door 310 of the evacuee entrance unit 300 is closed. It is provided in order to make it closely contact. Therefore, when closing the open / close door 310, the step absorbing plate 390 is moved to another place in advance.
  • an emergency staircase door 401 is provided next to one of the open / close doors 310 of the refugee entrance section 300, and even after the open / close door 310 of the refugee entrance section 300 is closed, an external refugee can see this door.
  • the emergency staircase door 401 is opened so that the emergency staircase 400 installed beside the elevator 600 can be evacuated into the facility.
  • FIG. 4 is a side view schematically showing the internal structure of the disaster evacuation facility 10 shown in FIG.
  • the inside of the disaster evacuation facility 10 is composed of a plurality of floors, and the upper floor 110 having a predetermined number of floors has a flat structure as the refugee temporary stay area 100.
  • Evacuees walking movement area that can be used and the floors of the multiple floors below the refugee temporary stay area 100 are formed by alternately and continuously forming extremely gentle slopes so that many refugees can walk easily 200.
  • the refugee temporary stay area 100 in the upper part of the facility occupies five floors in the upper part of the facility, that is, six floors. It has a horizontal floor structure and is suitable for temporary stay by evacuees.
  • the evacuee walking area 200 occupies 17 floors that are the lower floors of the evacuee temporary stay area 100, that is, the 17th floor.
  • the scale of the facility is large in the evacuee temporary stay area 100, it is not shown in the drawing, but MRI, artificial dialysis equipment, AED (automated external defibrillator), operating room, simplified medical treatment room, injury Hospitals equipped with various medical equipment such as beds for the elderly and the sick have been set up, and appropriate measures have been taken for injured persons, suddenly ill persons, evacuees requiring artificial dialysis, etc. Yes.
  • the AED is installed on each floor of the disaster evacuation facility 10 as well as the hospital in the facility.
  • a clinic may be installed.
  • FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a part of the refugee walk movement area in the internal structure shown in FIG. 4, and shows the first floor part to the second floor part of the refugee walk movement area.
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a part of the refugee walk movement area in the internal structure shown in FIG. 4. From the second floor or more of the nth floor to a part of the n + 1 floor of the refugee walk movement area. Show.
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view which shows the evacuee walking movement area shown in FIG. 6 in three dimensions. 5 to 7, each evacuee is indicated by the symbols h1, h2, h3, h4, h5,... As described above, but the actual number of evacuees is far greater than the number shown. .
  • the evacuee walking area 200 is composed of a predetermined number of floors forming the evacuee walking area 200, and many evacuees can walk to the upper floor one by one on foot.
  • the upper floor moving floor 210 (211 and 212) having an extremely small inclination angle that can be used to stay in the place and lead a temporary evacuation life is provided at the end of the upper floor moving floor 210 and further on the upper floor.
  • returning part 220 which can be walked and moved to the upper floor moving floor 210 which can be walked after that is comprised by turns.
  • returning part 220 becomes a hairpin curve shape which can change the direction where an evacuee walks 180 degree
  • a handrail with a safety fence is provided to prevent the evacuees from stepping on the floor at appropriate positions on the upper floor moving floor 210 and the horizontal turn-up portion 220. This handrail also serves as a grip for evacuees when they get tired of walking.
  • the upper floor moving floor 210 and the horizontal turn-back section 220 allow a large number of evacuees to evacuate toward the upper floor while walking simultaneously. Therefore, a large number of evacuees can escape from the evacuee entrance 300 of the disaster evacuation facility 10 without waiting to use the elevator 600 described above.
  • a certain gap is provided between the uppermost part of the evacuee walking area 200 and the lowermost part of the refugee temporary stay area 100, and the lowest floor of the refugee temporary stay area 100 is provided.
  • a staircase (not shown here) is provided in a part between the notch and the uppermost horizontal turn-back portion 220.
  • the upper floor moving floor 210 (211 and 212) has a horizontal turn-back portion 221 (220) provided on one side in the disaster evacuation facility 10 and the other side. It is structured to connect to the horizontal turn-up portion 222 (220) on the first floor provided, and the inclination angle is extremely gentle.
  • the elevator 600 can be stopped, and the user can get into the elevator 600 and evacuate to the refugee temporary stay area 100 on the upper floor.
  • the elevator 600 by allowing the elevator 600 to stop on each floor, it is possible to make a convenience for use during, for example, an event held during normal times.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing the stair unit 150 that can be installed in the temporary evacuation area 100 among the internal structure of the disaster evacuation facility 10 shown in FIG.
  • Each floor 110 of the refugee temporary stay area 100 is provided with a unit cutout 115 at a position opposed to each of the adjacent floors in the vertical direction, and a staircase that can be detachably installed between the opposed unit cutouts 115.
  • a unit 150 is provided.
  • the unit cutouts 115 are provided at the side edges of each floor 110, but instead of providing the unit cutouts 115 at the side edges of the floor 110, You may provide the unit notch of the shape punched in the rectangular shape in the appropriate place.
  • the stair unit 150 includes a frame body 151 that is formed by connecting a plurality of rod-shaped bodies 151a that can be coupled in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and a fastening tool (not shown) such as a bolt or a nut inside the frame body 151. ), And is fixedly disposed so as to be sandwiched between the unit cutout portions 115 disposed opposite to the adjacent upper and lower floors.
  • an evacuee who is on the lower floor 110 of the evacuee temporary stay area 100 moves to the upper floor by the elevator 600, or the lowermost floor of the evacuee temporary stay area 100 from the evacuee walk movement area 200.
  • the evacuees who have reached the floor 110 move to a higher floor, they can move using the staircase unit 150 without having to wait for the elevator 600 to come.
  • the present invention can also be used when an evacuee on the upper floor 110 of the temporary refuge area 100 moves to the lower floor 110.
  • the frame body 151 and the stair-like plate 152 made up of the plurality of rod-like bodies 151a of the stair unit 150 can be stored separately, the staircase as described above can be used during normal times when no disaster occurs.
  • the parts of the plurality of rod-shaped bodies 151a and the stepped plate 152 may be separated and stacked and stored on one corner of each floor.
  • the unit cutout 115 is preferably closed with a metal plate (not shown) having sufficient strength.
  • the floor of each floor of the refugee temporary stay area 100 can be used as an indoor event venue or indoor playground during normal times.
  • events such as local festivals cannot be performed outdoors due to bad weather, it is not necessary to readjust the schedule due to the postponement of events or other schedules by using this floor. It will end.
  • the events mentioned here include various events such as concerts, lectures, events, gatherings of local communities, local product exhibitions, movie screenings, and photography events.
  • the indoor playground includes various uses such as walking and running, elderly training, and children's playground.
  • a part of the floor of the disaster evacuation facility 10 may be used as a rental warehouse or the like during normal times.
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view partially showing an evacuee entrance 300 of the disaster evacuation facility 10 shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 10 is a plan view partially showing a state in which the open / close door 310 of the evacuee entrance 300 shown in FIG. 9 is closed.
  • the open / close door 310 of the refugee entrance section 300 is composed of two elongate doors. Each of the other end portions is a free end portion 313 that is fixed to be openable and closable with a firm hinge structure.
  • each free end portion 313 and the upper ends of both ends of the evacuee entrance portion 300 are connected by a turnbuckle 315, and the open / close door 310 can be operated by a human hand without generating excessive stress on the hinge portion. It can be opened and closed easily. Further, as shown in FIG. 10, the other end portions of the opening / closing door 310 are in close contact with each other with the opening / closing door 310 being closed.
  • a solid waterproof packing 310a is provided around the inside of each open / close door 310.
  • a door sealing hook 316 is provided inside the free end 313 of the open / close door 310.
  • one end is fixed at a slightly deeper position of the refugee entrance section 300, and the other end is provided with a door sealing wire 318 with a mating hook 317 engaged with the door sealing hook 316.
  • a middle part of the door sealing wire 318 is provided with a chain binder 319 with a lever that can easily shorten the length of the door sealing wire 318 by a human hand.
  • each open / close door 310 is completely closed, the door sealing hook 316 of each open / close door 310 is hooked on the mating hook 317 of the door sealing wire 318, and then the door sealing wire 318 is used using the chain binder 319.
  • the waterproof packing 310a of each open / close door 310 and the periphery of the refugee entrance portion 300 are closely adhered so that water outside the facility does not enter the facility from the refugee entrance portion 300. ing.
  • the evacuee entrance portion 300 of the disaster evacuation facility 10 has such an open / close door 310, and the portion excluding the evacuee entrance portion 300 of the disaster evacuation facility 10 has a water intrusion prevention structure (liquid tight structure).
  • a tsunami due to a large earthquake arrives, or the river embankment in the surrounding area due to the arrival of this tsunami broke down
  • water can enter the refugee temporary stay area 100 or the evacuee walking area 200 inside the disaster evacuation facility 10. To prevent.
  • the wall portion 700 of the disaster evacuation facility 10 has an external structure shown in FIGS.
  • the internal structure is as shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional view of the wall portion 700 around the disaster evacuation facility 10 shown in FIG.
  • the wall portion 700 of the disaster evacuation facility 10 includes a first wall surface 710 and a second wall surface 720 provided at a predetermined interval therebetween.
  • a water storage tank portion 730, a heat insulating material 740, a ventilation fan 750, various water supply pipes 800, and the like provided in the space created in this manner are provided.
  • first wall surface 710 the area around the evacuee temporary stay area 100 and the evacuee walking area 200 of the evacuation facility 10 at the time of disaster is covered with a first wall surface 710.
  • a second wall surface 720 is provided outside the first wall surface 710 at a predetermined interval from the first wall surface 710.
  • the second wall surface 720 is flat so that the upper edge of each wall surface 710, 720 has a triangular shape with respect to the first wall surface 710 when viewed from above with the disaster evacuation facility 10 installed.
  • the second wall surface 720 extends in a tapered shape at a predetermined angle from both ends in the width direction of the first wall surface 710 having a shape.
  • the first wall surface 710 is formed by, for example, attaching a single iron plate to each floor, for example.
  • the second wall surface 720 is composed of an inner wall surface 721 and an outer wall surface 722 that are separated from each other by a predetermined interval, and a plurality of metal rod-like reinforcing bodies 725 having a predetermined length are arranged between these wall surfaces at equal intervals. It is configured in the state.
  • a heat insulating material 740 is inserted over the entire surface of the second wall surface 720 in a space formed between the adjacent bar-shaped reinforcement bodies 725 of the second wall surface 720.
  • the first wall surface 710 and the second wall surface 720 completely surround the evacuee temporary stay area 100 and the evacuee walking area 200 inside the disaster evacuation facility 10 and are also evacuated during a disaster. Even if the facility 100 is immersed in water near the rooftop, water does not enter the two areas from between these wall surfaces. That is, since the opening / closing door 310 is also provided with the waterproof packing 310a, the evacuee entrance section 300 is closed by the opening / closing door 310 and the refugee entrance section 300 is hermetically sealed by the waterproof packing 310a.
  • the disaster evacuation facility 10 has a structure in which water does not enter the refugee temporary stay area 100 and the refugee walk movement area 200 of the disaster evacuation facility 10 even if it is immersed in the vicinity of the rooftop.
  • a water storage tank portion 730 is provided between the first wall surface 710 and the inner wall surface 721 of the second wall surface 720. That is, each of the four side surfaces of the disaster evacuation facility 10 is provided with a water storage tank portion 730. These four water storage tank portions 730 are connected pipes and elbows (not shown) in the underground base portion just below the disaster evacuation facility 10. So that the water level of each water storage tank unit 730 is always constant. As a result, by continuing to flow an appropriate amount of tap water from the water supply to the water pipe pipe 810, even if a fire occurs around the evacuation facility 10 at the time of disaster, the water accumulated in each water storage tank unit 730 circulates. Thus, the temperatures of the four second wall surfaces 720 covering the periphery of the disaster evacuation facility 10 can always be kept as low as possible. As a result, it is possible to prevent the refugees inside the disaster evacuation facility 10 from being adversely affected by the heat of the fire.
  • a highly transparent reinforced plastic etc. instead of a metal plate.
  • a safety valve 563 for discharging the steam accumulated inside as described above is provided on the upper surface of each water tank unit 730, and an opening / closing lid 564 for entering and leaving the worker who cleans the inside of each water tank unit 730 is available. Is provided.
  • a water pipe pipe 810 In the space between the first wall surface 710 and the second wall surface 720, on the side of the water storage tank portion 730, as shown by a dotted line in FIG. 3 and in a cross section in FIG. 10, a water pipe pipe 810, a drain pipe A water supply pipe 800 composed of 820 and a water storage tank pipe 830 extends in the vertical direction of the disaster evacuation facility 10 and is attached.
  • the first wall surface 710 is provided with a ventilation fan 750 that ventilates each floor.
  • the water pipe 810 is connected to a general water supply water pipe that is maintained as an infrastructure, and an upper water tank 540 or a pump room provided on the roof 500 of the disaster evacuation facility 10 using the water pressure of the tap water. 550, water is supplied to a water storage tank portion 730 provided between the first wall surface 710 and the second wall surface 720. And the lower end of the water pipe 810 is embed
  • an adjustment valve (not shown) that controls the supply of water supplied from the water supply to the water pipe 810 so as to keep the water level of the water storage tank 730 constant at an appropriate position of the water pipe 810 or the water storage tank unit 730. It is equipped.
  • the drain pipe 820 is for draining water in the event of a disaster when water enters the lower floor due to some trouble, and each floor of the lower floor is provided with a water pipe (not shown) and the drain pipe.
  • a pump 821 for sending water sucked from the lower floor to a drain outlet provided at the upper end of the pipe is provided at an appropriate place.
  • the water storage tank pipe 830 is for sending the water in the water storage tank section 730 from the lower part of the tank to each floor of the disaster evacuation equipment 10 and the rooftop 500.
  • a water supply branch for supplying water to each floor of the extended water storage tank pipe 830 is provided.
  • a pump 831 (see FIG. 3) for sending water sucked from the lower part of the water storage tank unit 730 to each floor of the disaster evacuation facility 10 and the roof 500 is provided in the middle of the water storage tank pipe 830.
  • the water outlet 835 is used as fire-fighting water to extinguish a fire in the vicinity of the disaster evacuation facility 10 or when the water supply infrastructure stops functioning in the water tank of the disaster evacuation facility 10 To serve the local residents of this facility.
  • the water supply port 835 is drawn directly exposed.
  • the water supply port 835 is normally closed with a cover that can be opened and closed. It is designed to open and perform water supply work.
  • the water sent to each floor and the rooftop 500 is filtered by a filtration filter (not shown) as needed for each floor, and then is supplied to drinking water, food cooking water, or an appropriate floor below the rooftop 500. It is used as water for hospitals in medical facilities that are provided and well-equipped, or is used as is for shower water and simple unit bath water without filtering.
  • the floor 110 one floor below from the roof is normally used as a warehouse.
  • the adverse effect of the heat does not reach the people evacuating from the rooftop to the temporary refuge area 100 Like that.
  • the floor 110 which is one floor below, is an in-house hospital.
  • the elevator 600 does not function, for example, when a doctor helicopter arrives at the heliport, an evacuee who needs to be transported for emergency medical care Can be put on quickly.
  • the floor 110 which is further downstairs, is a stay floor for evacuees who need careful care, such as shower rooms, children, mothers and infants, and elderly people. It should be noted that the facility arrangement structure of the evacuee temporary stay area 100 described above is merely an example, and it goes without saying that various other equipment arrangement structures can be considered.
  • the above-mentioned hospital in the facility is always available not only when a disaster occurs but also during normal times. This allows people with chronic illness, for example, to go to the hospital in this facility from normal times, so that each person's medical records can be made and stored. After evacuating to the facility, appropriate medical treatment can be received so that the chronic disease does not worsen during the temporary stay.
  • the later evacuees are Live a temporary evacuation at an appropriate place in the walking area. Since the upper floor moving floor of the refugee walk moving area has a very gentle upward slope as described above, a temporary evacuation life can be sent without feeling pain on the upper floor moving floor.
  • the elevators are also located on the middle floor. Then, you can get on the elevator and evacuate to the refugee temporary stay area on the upper floor.
  • the disaster evacuation facility according to the present invention when a disaster such as a large earthquake occurs, a large tsunami can be obtained by installing such disaster evacuation equipment in coastal cities and municipalities according to the population. Many people can evacuate at one time in preparation for the arrival of the In addition, by installing such disaster evacuation facilities in inland cities and municipalities according to the population, for example, fires caused by a direct earthquake can spread over a wide area or fire whirls can occur. Many people can evacuate at once.
  • the safety confirmation and status report of the evacuated people can be unified and contacted with the necessary disaster countermeasure department accurately and promptly without confusion and confusion.
  • first and second wall surfaces are provided around the disaster evacuation facility according to the present invention.
  • a large tsunami arrives.
  • the safety of evacuees in the facility can be ensured.
  • disaster evacuation equipment is installed in inland cities and municipalities, for example, even if a fire due to a direct earthquake hits a wide area or a fire whirl occurs, It is possible to ensure the safety of evacuees in the facility.
  • the water storage tank portion can be filled with water from the normal time. Even if a large-scale disaster occurs and the infrastructure such as waterworks ceases to function, the water in this water storage tank can be used to provide drinking water and cooking ingredients for refugees in the facility. It can be used for daily use water such as toilet water and shower water, and water used in hospitals in facilities.
  • a fire may spread over a wide area around the disaster evacuation facility due to the occurrence of a direct earthquake, etc. Even if a whirlwind occurs, the adverse effect due to this fire and the heat generated by the fire whirlwind can be prevented from reaching the evacuees in the facility due to the synergistic effect of the heat insulating material and the water in the water storage tank.
  • the second wall surface of the disaster evacuation facility is such that the upper edge of each wall surface has a triangular shape when viewed from above with the disaster evacuation facility installed on the first wall surface.
  • the second wall surface extends in a tapered shape from both ends in the width direction of the first wall surface having a planar shape.
  • a public water supply supplied to the disaster evacuation facility is supplied to the uppermost part of the facility and each floor at a predetermined position between the first wall surface and the second wall surface by the disaster evacuation facility according to the present invention.
  • the drinking water of disaster evacuation facilities and water flowing through the toilets are secured from the water supply through the water pipes, and the water storage tank is filled with water before the occurrence of a disaster. I can leave.
  • the disaster evacuation facility has a water tank pipe that sucks and supplies water via a pump from the lower part of the water storage tank part to the upper part of the disaster evacuation facility, so that the refugee can Drinking water, cooking water, toilet water, shower water, and water used in the hospital in the facility can be supplemented with water stored in the storage tank. .
  • the infrastructure related to water supply ceases to function, the life of a large number of evacuees who temporarily stay in the evacuation facility at the time of disaster is prevented from being hindered.
  • the disaster evacuation facility has a drain pipe that discharges water that has entered the disaster evacuation facility to the outside of the disaster evacuation facility through a pump, so that tsunamis and dikes caused by a large earthquake can be prevented. Even if the disaster evacuation equipment is immersed in water up to a certain height due to the flooding of the river due to the breach, and the water has infiltrated into the disaster evacuation equipment due to some kind of trouble, this infiltrated water is used using the drain pipe. Can be quickly discharged to the outside of the evacuation facility at the time of a disaster, so as not to hinder the temporary stay life of the victims.
  • the lower part of the outer wall of the disaster evacuation facility is provided with a refugee entrance section where a disaster victim can enter a large number of people at once in the disaster evacuation facility.
  • a disaster victim can enter a large number of people at once in the disaster evacuation facility.
  • close the door so that the door with the waterproof packing on the inside and the mating waterproof packing provided at the position corresponding to the waterproof packing on the wall surface overlap to prevent water from entering the evacuation facility in the event of a disaster.
  • the door is closed by the waterproof packing of the door so that the door can be closed tightly before the water is rushed due to the tsunami caused by a major earthquake or river flooding due to the break of the embankment.
  • Even if the disaster evacuation facility is immersed in water close to the rooftop in combination with other water intrusion prevention structures of the disaster evacuation facility, the temporary evacuation area for the refugee in the disaster evacuation facility, Water is prevented from entering the store.
  • the outside of the disaster evacuation facility is equipped with a stairway that allows the victim to walk to the refugee temporary stay area with the door closed. Even after the door of the evacuee entrance has been closed tightly to prevent water intrusion due to tsunami or river flooding by evacuating into the emergency evacuation facility, it arrives at the disaster evacuation facility later Evacuees can use this staircase to evacuate directly to the upper floors of disaster evacuation facilities.
  • the disaster evacuation facility is equipped with a lifting device that enables transportation of refugees from the ground to the refugee temporary stay area, so that the upper layer in the area where the disaster evacuation facility walks away Elderly people, pregnant women and infants who are not confident in their physical strength and who are walking up the floor moving floor can use this lifting device to evacuate to each floor of the temporary refuge area.
  • each floor of the refugee temporary stay area of the disaster evacuation facility is provided with a notch at a position facing each floor adjacent to the top and bottom, and can be removed between the facing notches
  • a stair unit that can be installed is provided, and the stair unit is composed of a plurality of rod-shaped bodies that can be coupled in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and a stair-shaped plate that can be attached to the inside of the plurality of rod-shaped bodies coupled in a rectangular solid shape.
  • the rod-like body and the staircase plate can be stored separately, so that during normal times, this stair unit can be disassembled and stored in a designated place on each floor of the temporary shelter area.
  • the disaster evacuation facility in this case is composed of, for example, a floor with a total dimension of 16 m ⁇ 16 m, a height of 32 m, and a total of 16 tiers.
  • the part of the water storage tank part which has two taper-shaped wall surfaces provided in each side of a rectangular parallelepiped shape assumes that it protrudes 2 m at the maximum from an evacuation floor.
  • the emergency staircase is installed in the wall part where the refugee entrance is provided, the length corresponding to the bottom part of the triangular space is shortened accordingly.
  • the tip is projected slightly longer.
  • the height per floor is 2m.
  • the height per floor is about 2.5m to 3m. good.
  • the evacuee walking area provided in the lower part inside the facility and the temporary evacuation area provided in the upper part are composed of a total of 16 floors as described above.
  • the heat insulating material is attached over the inside of the taper-shaped outer wall part which covers the circumference
  • 256 m 2 ⁇ 4 1024 per floor. It can accommodate 1024 evacuees.
  • the inclination of the upper floor moving floor here refers to the extent that it walks a distance of 16 m and rises by a height of 1 m, that is, it walks a distance of 1 m and rises by a height of 6.25 cm. You can easily walk.
  • a large amount of water can be stored in the water storage tanks provided on the four sides of the disaster evacuation facility having a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • the disaster evacuation facility is installed in the coastal area.
  • the disaster evacuation equipment installed in the coastal area is larger in scale than the disaster evacuation equipment installed in the inland area, and is a large evacuation equipment as a whole.
  • the disaster evacuation facility is composed of, for example, a floor with a total dimension of 25 m ⁇ 25 m and a height of the facility of 50 m for a total of 25 steps.
  • the part of the water storage tank part which has two taper-shaped wall surfaces provided in each side of a rectangular parallelepiped shape assumes that it protrudes 3 m at the maximum from an evacuation floor.
  • the emergency staircase is installed in the wall part where the refugee entrance is provided, the length corresponding to the bottom part of the triangular space is shortened accordingly. As for a certain wall surface, the tip is projected slightly longer.
  • the disaster evacuation equipment is also equipped with a water storage tank inside the outer wall, just like the disaster evacuation equipment installed in the inland area. An effect is produced when occurs.
  • the heat insulating material is attached to the entire inside of the tapered outer wall portion.
  • 625 m 2 ⁇ 4 2500 per floor
  • the inclination of the upper floor moving floor referred to here is such that it rises by a height of 1 m after walking a distance of 25 m, that is, it rises by a height of 4 cm after walking a distance of 1 m. You can walk.
  • a large amount of water can be stored in the water storage tanks provided on the four sides of the disaster evacuation facility having a rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • the disaster evacuation equipment since the disaster evacuation equipment has a tapered outer wall, even if the debris etc. flows under the disaster when the lower part of the disaster evacuation equipment is immersed in water, Since it flows away and does not remain stuck, it can prevent damage to the evacuation equipment during a disaster due to debris and protect the safety of people in the equipment.
  • the dimensions, shape, material, and number of components of the disaster evacuation facilities described above are not limited to the above-mentioned descriptions, and are issued by each local government depending on the population of each local government and the situation of the dangerous area. It can be changed as appropriate based on the hazard map.
  • each evacuation floor is approximately 10m x 10m
  • the height of the facility is 20m
  • a small disaster evacuation facility consisting of a total of 10 floors is installed in a wide range of cities and municipalities. You may install in multiple places over.
  • the inclination of the upper floor moving floor referred to here is about a 10-meter walk up the height of 1 m, that is, a 1-meter walk up the height of 10 cm so that the evacuees can easily You can walk.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une installation d'évacuation 10 en cas de catastrophe pour l'évacuation d'urgence d'une pluralité de victimes lorsqu'une catastrophe à grande échelle se produit, l'installation d'évacuation 10 en cas de catastrophe étant constituée d'une pluralité d'étages, d'un nombre prescrit d'étages supérieurs formant une zone de séjour temporaire pour les personnes évacuées, qui est une structure plate, les zones situées sur les étages au-dessous de la zone de séjour temporaire pour les personnes évacuées comportant : des étages de déplacement vers les étages supérieurs 210 qu'une pluralité de personnes évacuées peuvent emprunter pour monter jusqu'à des étages supérieurs un étage à la fois, et qui sont inclinés à un certain degré permettant aux personnes évacuées de s'arrêter temporairement à cet emplacement; et une zone de déplacement à pied des personnes évacuées 200 située aux extrémités des étages de déplacement vers les étages supérieurs, dans laquelle il est possible de marcher jusqu'à un étage supérieur et de marcher le long de l'étage de déplacement suivant vers les étages supérieurs, la zone de déplacement à pied des personnes évacuées 200 comprenant des parties de demi-tour horizontales qui sont continues de manière alternée et sur lesquelles il est possible de se déplacer.
PCT/JP2017/000901 2016-06-03 2017-01-13 Installation d'évacuation en cas de catastrophe WO2017208490A1 (fr)

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JP2016112294A JP6083775B1 (ja) 2016-06-03 2016-06-03 災害時避難設備

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CN109944495B (zh) * 2019-04-17 2024-02-02 西南石油大学 一种用于潜在地质灾害发生区域的生命帐篷及使用方法
JP7059230B2 (ja) * 2019-07-29 2022-04-25 道昭 坂本 防災用倉庫システム

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014047563A (ja) * 2012-08-31 2014-03-17 Jfe Civil Engineering & Construction Corp 津波避難構造物
JP2014152462A (ja) * 2013-02-06 2014-08-25 Susumu Watanabe 避難スロープを備えた津波避難用施設
JP2016017401A (ja) * 2014-07-08 2016-02-01 フジワラ産業株式会社 避難装置

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014047563A (ja) * 2012-08-31 2014-03-17 Jfe Civil Engineering & Construction Corp 津波避難構造物
JP2014152462A (ja) * 2013-02-06 2014-08-25 Susumu Watanabe 避難スロープを備えた津波避難用施設
JP2016017401A (ja) * 2014-07-08 2016-02-01 フジワラ産業株式会社 避難装置

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