WO2017204129A1 - 電気接点用のクラッド材及び該クラッド材の製造方法 - Google Patents
電気接点用のクラッド材及び該クラッド材の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017204129A1 WO2017204129A1 PCT/JP2017/018927 JP2017018927W WO2017204129A1 WO 2017204129 A1 WO2017204129 A1 WO 2017204129A1 JP 2017018927 W JP2017018927 W JP 2017018927W WO 2017204129 A1 WO2017204129 A1 WO 2017204129A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- contact
- clad
- age
- base material
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/04—Co-operating contacts of different material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
- H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
- H01H11/041—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts by bonding of a contact marking face to a contact body portion
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/018—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of a noble metal or a noble metal alloy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
- C22C30/02—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
- C22C5/02—Alloys based on gold
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
- C22C5/04—Alloys based on a platinum group metal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
- C22C5/06—Alloys based on silver
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
- C22C5/06—Alloys based on silver
- C22C5/08—Alloys based on silver with copper as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/02—Alloys based on copper with tin as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/06—Alloys based on copper with nickel or cobalt as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/14—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of noble metals or alloys based thereon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
- H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
- H01H1/025—Composite material having copper as the basic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
- H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
- H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
- H01H11/041—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts by bonding of a contact marking face to a contact body portion
- H01H11/042—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts by bonding of a contact marking face to a contact body portion by mechanical deformation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a clad material for an electrical contact in which a contact material made of an Ag alloy is joined to a base material made of an aging precipitation type Cu alloy, and a method for manufacturing the same.
- a contact material having a clad structure is known as an open / close contact used in an open / close breaker or an open / close switch mounted on various electric / electronic devices and a slide contact used in a motor or a slide switch.
- the switching contact and the sliding contact may be collectively referred to as “electrical contact”).
- the clad material for electrical contacts is composed of a contact material that is a contact portion where contact / separation with the electrode is repeated or intermittent sliding with the electrode, and a base material that supports the contact material.
- the contact material as the contact portion is required to have both high wear resistance and high conductivity, and there are many applications of Ag-based materials made of Ag or an Ag alloy.
- the base material in addition to conductivity, is required to have high strength and high spring property in order to suppress damage due to pressure received during operation of electrical contacts. This is because the strength and durability of the clad material for electrical contacts are often characterized by the strength and springiness of the substrate. Therefore, as an effort to improve the strength and the like of the clad material for electrical contacts, it is known to apply a precipitation type age hardening material as the material of the base material.
- the precipitation age-hardening material useful as a substrate include Cu-based precipitation age-hardening alloys.
- a Cu—Ni—Si based alloy called a Corson alloy has been known as an alloy material having high strength and high conductivity as an electronic component material (Patent Document 1).
- a step of joining the contact material and the base material and a step of processing the clad material after joining into a desired shape and dimensions are required.
- a precipitation type age hardening material as a base material, it is necessary to consider the heat treatment process for age hardening of an age hardening material in addition to these processes.
- FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a manufacturing process of a clad material using a precipitation-type age-hardening material as a base material.
- the solution treatment of the base material and the age hardening heat treatment are performed to obtain the target shape. Processing.
- the age hardening heat treatment is performed again before the final processing.
- the base material becomes an age-hardening material in which a Cu alloy is used as a parent phase (matrix) and a precipitated phase having a composition corresponding to the additive element is dispersed.
- the trend of improving the conductivity of clad materials for electrical contacts is accelerating due to the downsizing and higher performance of various devices equipped with electrical contacts.
- various devices equipped with electrical contacts For example, with the increase in small devices such as smartphones, there is a need for improved conductivity in order to cope with the increase in capacity of open / close breakers and the like used in them.
- the clad material for electrical contacts is also required to have improved conductivity.
- strength it is required to provide a clad material with high conductivity and high strength on the premise of maintaining the characteristics of the precipitation-type age-hardening material as a base material.
- the present invention has been made based on the background as described above, and has a high strength for a clad material for an electrical contact using a Cu-based precipitation-type age-hardening material as a base material and joining an Ag alloy as a contact material.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a device capable of achieving high electrical conductivity and a method for producing the same.
- the inventors of the present invention have reviewed the factors that may affect the conductive characteristics of the clad material for electrical contacts based on the precipitation-type age-hardening material.
- the conventional clad material it has been found that due to the thermal history at the time of manufacture, there is a diffusion region in which both constituent elements are mixed at the junction interface between the contact material and the base material. Then, when the details of the diffusion region were examined, it was considered that this had an influence on the conductive properties of the entire cladding material.
- the Ag alloy as a contact material and the Cu-based precipitation age hardening material as a base material all exhibit conductive characteristics by maintaining a predetermined composition and configuration. That is, the contact material is provided with wear resistance and the like by adding an appropriate additive element while containing Ag as an essential component.
- the precipitation-type age-hardening material used as the base material achieves high conductivity by generating a precipitation phase and making the parent phase a Cu alloy by appropriate heat treatment (solution treatment and aging heat treatment).
- the diffusion region formed at the junction interface between the contact material and the base material has a composition in which the constituent elements of the contact material and the base material are mixed.
- the composition of the diffusion region is different from the composition of the contact material where optimum consideration is given to conductivity. Therefore, it can be inferred that the diffusion region has a high probability that it is not a region with good conductivity. And the area
- the present inventors have conducted a detailed review of the relationship between the diffusion region and the conductivity of the cladding material while revising the manufacturing process of the cladding material for electrical contacts, and found a manufacturing method that regulates the diffusion region.
- the inventors have conceived the present invention that high conductivity can be achieved by setting a suitable range of the diffusion region.
- the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a clad material for an electric contact formed by joining a contact material made of an Ag alloy to a base material made of a Cu-based precipitation-type age-hardening material, the contact material and the base A clad material for an electrical contact, characterized in that the width of the diffusion region containing Ag and Cu at the bonding interface with the material is 2.0 ⁇ m or less.
- the present invention is a clad material composed of a contact material made of an Ag alloy and a base material made of a Cu-based precipitation age hardening material.
- region between both is demonstrated.
- the aspect and manufacturing method of the clad material of this invention are demonstrated.
- the Ag alloy is an alloy containing Ag (silver) as an essential element, and is not limited to Ag as a main component. However, from the viewpoint of ensuring conductivity as a contact material, an Ag alloy having an Ag concentration of 10% by mass to 95% by mass is preferable.
- an element constituting the Ag alloy Ag is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Cu, Ni, Pd, Au, and Pt.
- Ag alloy As a kind of Ag alloy preferable as a contact material, it can be classified by Ag concentration. Specifically, it can be classified into an Ag alloy having an Ag concentration of 80% or more, an Ag alloy having an Ag concentration of 50% or more and less than 80%, and an Ag alloy having an Ag concentration of less than 50%. Examples of each Ag alloy include an Ag—Cu—Ni alloy (Ag concentration of 90% to 95% by mass) and an Ag—Ni alloy (Ag concentration of 80% by mass). % Or more and 90% by mass or less). Examples of the Ag alloy having an Ag concentration of 50% or more and less than 80% include an Ag—Pd alloy (Ag concentration of 50% by mass to 70% by mass).
- an Ag alloy having an Ag concentration of less than 50% an Ag—Pd—Cu alloy (Ag concentration of 30% by mass or more and less than 50% by mass), an Ag—Pd—Cu—Pt—Au alloy (Ag concentration of 20 mass) % To 40% by mass), Ag—Au—Cu—Pt alloys (Ag concentration of 5% to 15% by mass), and the like.
- These Ag alloys containing at least one of Cu, Ni, Pd, Au, and Pt may optionally further contain additional elements such as Zn, Sm, and In.
- the Cu-based precipitation-type age-hardening material is a material in which Cu or a Cu alloy constitutes a parent phase after aging treatment, and a precipitation phase corresponding to an additive element is dispersed therein. That is, it is a precipitation-type age-hardening material containing Cu as an essential constituent element.
- the reason why the Cu-based material is applied is that importance is attached to the conductivity of Cu or Cu alloy as a parent phase.
- Cu-based precipitation-type age-hardening material used as the base material Cu-Ni-Si-based alloys and Cu-Ni-Si-Mg-based alloys can be applied as high-strength Cu-based precipitation-type age-hardening materials. These Cu alloys are called Corson alloys. Further, a Cu-Be alloy (beryllium copper) is a Cu-based precipitation age-hardening material suitable as a base material.
- Cu—Fe alloys, Cu—Fe—Ni alloys, Cu—Sn—Cr—Zn alloys, Cu—Cr—Mg alloys, etc. which are medium strength Cu-based precipitation age-hardening materials, are based on Cu-based precipitation-type age-hardening material suitable as a material.
- the alloy system described above is allowed to contain a trace amount of additive elements other than the main constituent elements.
- a Cu—Ni—Si alloy which is a Corson alloy, can contain an additive element such as Sn, Co, Fe, Mn.
- the clad material for electrical contacts according to the present invention is formed by clad the contact material and the base material described above. And this invention prescribes
- the significance of the bonding region is defined in more detail.
- the Ag concentration in the contact material is defined as a reference (100%) at the bonding interface between the contact material and the base material, the Ag concentration is 95% or less and 5% or more.
- the alloy region is a diffusion region. This diffusion region is an alloy layer composed of both the constituent element of the contact material (Ag alloy) and the constituent element of the base material (Cu-based precipitation age hardening material), and its composition is continuously changing. . Also, the electrical characteristics are not preferable and the conductivity is low.
- the present invention limits the width of this diffusion region.
- the diffusion region exceeds 2.0 ⁇ m, the conductivity of the entire clad material is lowered.
- the diffusion region has a width of 0 (zero) ⁇ m.
- the lower limit of the width of the diffusion region it is possible to obtain a clad material having high strength and high conductivity which is the object of the present invention.
- the width of the diffusion region in the present invention is an average value.
- the shape of the diffusion region at the joint interface is not necessarily flat and may vary in width (rather, it is less completely constant). Therefore, when determining the width of the diffusion region, it is preferable to adopt an average of values at a plurality of locations.
- element analysis line analysis, mapping
- EDS energy dispersive X-ray analysis
- the range of the diffusion region can be measured by tracking the change in Ag concentration.
- the shape of the contact material with respect to the base material is not particularly limited, and may be any of an overlay, an inlay, and an edgelay.
- the width of the diffusion region is required to be within the specified range at all the bonding interfaces.
- an inlay-type clad material is bonded in a state where the contact material is embedded in the base material, and there are bonding interfaces on three sides of the contact material. In the present invention, it is necessary that the bonding region at the bonding interface of these three sides is 2.0 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness / dimension of the contact material and the thickness / dimension of the base material are not limited. They are determined by the dimensions of the equipment to be incorporated, the design life, etc.
- the above-described clad material for electrical contacts according to the present invention exhibits the characteristics of the Cu-based precipitation-type age-hardening material as the base material sufficiently. Has been. As a result, the present invention provides an electrical contact suitable for both high strength and high electrical conductivity.
- the tensile strength and conductivity of the clad material according to the present invention are preferably those having a tensile strength of 400 to 1200 MPa and a conductivity of 20 to 90% IACS.
- medium strength Cu-based precipitation age hardening materials (Cu-Fe-based alloys, Cu-Fe-Ni-based alloys, Cu-Sn-Cr-Zn-based alloys, Cu-Cr-Mg-based alloys, etc.) applied Then, it is preferable that the tensile strength is 400 to 700 MPa and the electrical conductivity is 60 to 90% IACS.
- the manufacturing method of the clad material includes a step of joining the contact material and the base material, and a step of processing the clad material after joining into a target shape and size, and the precipitation type aging as the base material.
- a heat treatment step for age hardening is further added.
- the manufacturing method of the clad material for electrical contacts comprises a step of manufacturing a coarse clad material by joining an age-hardened base material and a contact material, and the coarse clad material,
- a method for producing a clad material for an electrical contact comprising a step of annealing heat treatment within a range of ⁇ 200 ° C. or more and ⁇ 100 ° C. or less based on a recrystallization temperature of and a step of processing the coarse clad material after the heat treatment. is there.
- This manufacturing method is to complete the age hardening treatment of the base material before joining with the contact material, manufacture a clad material from the age hardened base material, and process it.
- the heat input after making the clad can be reduced, and the expansion of the diffusion region at the joining interface can be suppressed.
- the age hardening treatment of the base material before joining includes a solution treatment for forming a supersaturated solid solution by heating and quenching the material at a high temperature, and an aging treatment for heating the material at an appropriate temperature to precipitate a precipitated phase.
- a solution treatment for forming a supersaturated solid solution by heating and quenching the material at a high temperature
- an aging treatment for heating the material at an appropriate temperature to precipitate a precipitated phase.
- the same conditions as in the conventional method can be applied, and treatment according to the composition of the precipitation-type age-hardening material to be applied is performed.
- the material is heated to 500 ° C. or higher and 900 ° C. or lower and rapidly cooled.
- it is rapidly cooled by heating to 600 ° C. or higher and 800 ° C. or lower, more preferably 600 ° C. or higher and 750 ° C. or lower.
- the aging treatment temperature in the Cu-based precipitation-type age-hardening material is preferably 400 ° C. or more and 600 ° C. or less, and more preferably 400 ° C. or more and 500 ° C. or less.
- the same process as that of the conventional clad material can be adopted for joining the aging-treated base material and the contact material.
- pressure welding by pressurization is applied as a method of joining the clad material.
- Both the base material and the contact material may be processed according to the shape before joining.
- the coarse clad material obtained by joining the base material and the contact material is processed to a predetermined thickness.
- This processing is mainly rolling.
- annealing heat treatment is performed on the coarse clad material before processing.
- This annealing heat treatment is intended to facilitate the processing of the coarse clad material including the age-hardened base material.
- This annealing heat treatment is performed under the condition in the range of ⁇ 200 ° C. to ⁇ 100 ° C. based on the recrystallization temperature of the age-hardening material as the base material. Strict management is required. Excessive heat treatment causes a change in the age-hardened structure of the base material and the precipitated phase disappears.
- the annealing heat treatment temperature is preferably in the range of ⁇ 200 ° C. to ⁇ 150 ° C. based on the recrystallization temperature of the age-hardening material.
- the specific heat treatment temperature of the annealing heat treatment is preferably 550 ° C. or more and 600 ° C. or less.
- the rough clad material is processed by rolling until a desired plate thickness is obtained.
- the rolling process may be performed a plurality of times. Moreover, you may perform the above-mentioned annealing heat processing in multiple times for every rolling process. Furthermore, an arbitrary width can be finally obtained by cutting (slit processing).
- the clad material for electrical contacts of the present invention is manufactured by the above processing steps.
- the clad material for electrical contacts according to the present invention has the age hardening treatment for the base material completed before joining the contact material and the base material in the manufacturing process. And the expansion of the diffusion region of the joint interface after joining the contact material is suppressed. As a result, the clad material has high strength and high conductivity.
- a clad material (inlay-type clad material) was manufactured by preparing a plurality of types of Ag alloy as a contact material and a Cu-based precipitation age-hardening material as a base material.
- An Ag alloy (Table 1) that is a contact material used in the present embodiment and a Cu-based precipitation-type age-hardening material (Table 2) that is a base material are shown below.
- B1, B2, B3, and B4 are high-strength Cu-based precipitation-type age-hardening materials
- B5, B6, B7, and B8 are medium-strength Cu-based precipitation-type age-hardening materials.
- a cladding material was manufactured and evaluated by appropriately selecting a contact material and a base material from these materials.
- Table 3 shows combinations of contact materials and base materials of the clad material manufactured in this embodiment.
- Table 3 in addition to the composition of the contact material and the base material, the recrystallization temperature of the base material and the temperature condition of the aging treatment performed before the pressure contact with the contact material are shown.
- the cladding material manufacturing process of this embodiment is shown in FIG.
- the tape-shaped precipitation-type age-curing material that has been subjected to the aging treatment described in Table 1 and the tape-shaped contact material are roll-welded.
- the pressure-welded tape-like coarse clad material is passed through a heating furnace (reducing atmosphere) at 550 ° C. (1.0 m / min) and annealed, the coarse clad material is rolled and annealed.
- the final rolling was performed again.
- the clad material (plate thickness 0.1 mm) after the final rolling was slit to form a tape-like clad material having a width of 18 mm (Examples 1 to 3).
- Comparative Examples 1 to 3 Clad materials were manufactured by the conventional manufacturing process described with reference to FIG. That is, after the contact material and the base material were clad and joined, solution treatment and aging heat treatment were performed to produce a clad material for electrical contact.
- the conditions for the solution treatment and the aging treatment in these comparative examples were the same as those in each example of Table 1.
- the other processing conditions are the same as in this embodiment.
- EDS analysis was performed on the clad materials of Examples and Comparative Examples manufactured as described above (analytical instrument: JSM-7100E manufactured by JEOL Ltd., detector: X-ACT manufactured by OXFORD was used). Analysis is performed by embedding a test piece in a resin, creating a sample with a cross-section exposed, SEM observation (4000 times), and performing line analysis (acceleration voltage 15 kV) at the boundary between the contact material and the substrate using EDS. It was. And the width
- This measurement is based on the Ag count number near the edge of the contact material (near the surface) as the reference (100%), the point where the Ag count number is 95%, and the point where the Ag count number is 5% as the end point.
- the interval between the start point and the end point was determined as the diffusion region.
- EDS analysis was arbitrarily performed at five locations, and an average value thereof was calculated.
- the resistance value of each of the clad materials of Examples and Comparative Examples was measured in order to confirm conductivity.
- the resistance value was measured by the four probe method.
- a cross-sectional photograph of the vicinity of the bonding interface of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 is shown in FIG.
- region and resistance value is shown in Table 4.
- the width of the diffusion region of Example 1 is narrow. This is the same in other embodiments, and the width of the diffusion region is 1.8 ⁇ m or less in any case. In all of the comparative examples, the diffusion region exceeded 2 ⁇ m and a wide diffusion region of 6 ⁇ m was produced.
- the development of the diffusion region also affects the conductive properties of the cladding material. Although it depends on the kind of contact material and base material, it was confirmed that the resistance value of the comparative example in which the diffusion region was developed tends to increase.
- a clad material was manufactured by using B1, B2, B3, and B4 base materials, which are high-strength Cu-based precipitation-type age-hardening materials, and joining various contact materials.
- the manufacturing process of the clad material basically conformed to the first embodiment.
- known general treatment conditions for each material were adopted.
- the annealing treatment of the coarse clad material was set so that the recrystallization temperature of the applied substrate was ⁇ 200 ° C. or higher and ⁇ 100 ° C. or lower.
- the width of the diffusion region was measured by the same method as in the first embodiment.
- the strength (tensile strength) and conductivity (IACS) were measured in the characteristics evaluation of the clad material.
- the tensile strength was measured with a precision universal testing machine (AGS-X device manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) with the dimensions of the test piece being 25.0 mm long ⁇ 30 mm wide ⁇ 0.1 mm thick.
- the measurement conditions were tensile measurement at a speed of 20 mm / min.
- the conductivity was measured by a four-terminal method. Specifically, a test piece (width 30 mm, thickness 0.1 mm) was measured between 1000 mm in length (measuring device: 4338B manufactured by Agilent).
- the clad materials for electrical contacts manufactured in this embodiment all had a diffusion region width of less than 2.0 ⁇ m. And it was confirmed that intensity
- Second Embodiment In this embodiment, B5, B6, B7, and B8 base materials, which are medium-strength Cu-based precipitation-type age-hardening materials, were used, and various contact materials were joined to produce a clad material.
- the manufacturing process of the clad material basically conformed to the first embodiment.
- general processing conditions were adopted for the aging treatment of the base material, and the annealing heat treatment of the coarse clad material was set to an appropriate range in consideration of the recrystallization temperature of the base material used.
- the width of the diffusion region was measured by the same method as in the first and second embodiments. Furthermore, the tensile strength and electrical conductivity (IACS) were measured and evaluated as in the second embodiment. In the evaluation, considering that the applied base material has medium strength, a tensile strength of 400 MPa or more was passed (“ ⁇ ”) and an electrical conductivity of 60% IACS or more was passed (“ ⁇ ”). Table 6 shows the evaluation results of the clad material manufactured in this embodiment.
- the clad material for electrical contacts manufactured in this embodiment also had a diffusion region width of less than 2.0 ⁇ m. And also in these clad materials, it was confirmed that the strength and the electrical conductivity reached acceptable values.
- the expansion of the diffusion region at the junction interface between the contact material and the substrate is suppressed.
- a precipitation-type age-hardening material is applied as a base material.
- the clad material is maintained in which high conductivity is not hindered while maintaining high strength.
- the present invention is suitable as a contact material constituting an open / close contact used in an open / close breaker, an open / close switch, etc. and a sliding contact used in a motor etc. It is.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Contacts (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
接点材料の構成材料としては、導電性と耐磨耗性を考慮してAg合金が適用される。本発明においてAg合金とは、Ag(銀)を必須元素として含む合金であり、主成分がAgであることに限定されない。但し、接点材料としての導電性確保の観点から、Ag濃度が10質量%以上95質量%以下のAg合金が好ましい。そして、Ag合金を構成する元素としては、Agに、Cu、Ni、Pd、Au、Ptからなる群から選択される少なくとも1の元素である。
基材には、Cu系の析出型時効硬化材が適用される。Cu系の析出型時効硬化材とは、時効処理後にCu又はCu合金が母相を構成し、ここに添加元素に応じた析出相が分散するようになっている材料である。即ち、Cuを必須構成元素とする析出型時効硬化材料である。Cu系材料を適用するのは、母相となるCu又はCu合金の導電性を重視するからである。
本発明に係る電気接点用クラッド材は、上記した接点材料と基材とがクラッドされてなる。そして、本発明は、接点材料と基材との接合界面における拡散領域の幅(厚さ)を規定する。ここで、接合領域の意義をより詳細に定義すると、接点材料と基材との接合界面で、接点材料中のAg濃度を基準(100%)としたとき、Ag濃度が95%以下5%以上となっている合金領域が拡散領域である。この拡散領域は、接点材料(Ag合金)の構成元素と基材(Cu系析出型時効硬化材)の構成元素の双方から構成される合金層であり、その組成は連続的に変化している。そして、電気特性も好ましいものではなく導電率も低い。
本発明に係るクラッド材について、基材に対する接点材料の形状は特に限定されず、オーバーレイ、インレイ、エッジレイのいずれであっても良い。スイッチやブレーカー等の開閉接点の用途においては、インレイ型のクラッド材の適用例が多く、本発明はこの形式に良好に対応できる。但し、いずれの形式であっても、全ての接合界面で拡散領域の幅が規定内にあることが要求される。例えば、インレイ型のクラッド材では、接点材料が基材に埋め込まれた状態で接合されおり接点材料の三方に接合界面が存在する。本発明では、それら三方の接合界面における接合領域が2.0μm以下であることを要する。
以上説明した本発明に係る電気接点用のクラッド材においては、基材となるCu系の析出型時効硬化材の特性が十分に発揮されている。その結果、本発明は、高強度と高導電率との双方において好適な電気接点となる。本発明に係るクラッド材の引張強度と導電率は、引張強度で400~1200MPaであり、導電率が20~90%IACSであるものが好ましい。これらの特性は、クラッド材の基材の種類によるので、より具体的には、上記した高強度のCu系析出型時効硬化材(コルソン系合金、ベリリウム銅系合金等)を適用したものでは、引張強度で600~1200MPaであり、導電率が20~50%IACSであるものが好ましい。また、中強度のCu系析出型時効硬化材(Cu-Fe系合金、Cu-Fe-Ni系合金、Cu-Sn-Cr-Zn系合金、Cu-Cr-Mg系合金等)を適用したものでは、引張強度で400~700MPaであり、導電率が60~90%IACSであるものが好ましい。
次に、本発明に係る電気接点用のクラッド材の製造方法について説明する。上記したように、クラッド材の製造方法としては、接点材料と基材とを接合する工程と、接合後のクラッド材を目的とする形状・寸法に加工する工程を含み、基材として析出型時効硬化材を適用する場合には、更に、時効硬化のための熱処理工程が追加される。
Claims (5)
- Cu系の析出型時効硬化材からなる基材に、Ag合金からなる接点材料を接合してなる電気接点用のクラッド材であって、
前記接点材料と前記基材との接合界面における、Ag及びCuを含む拡散領域の幅が2.0μm以下であることを特徴とする電気接点用のクラッド材。 - 接点材料を構成するAg合金は、Ag濃度が10質量%以上95質量%以下のAg合金であり、Ni、Pd、Cu、Au、Ptからなる群から選択される少なくとも1の元素を含むAg合金である請求項1記載の電気接点用のクラッド材。
- 接点材料を構成するAg合金は、Ag-Cu-Ni系合金、Ag-Ni系合金、Ag-Pd系合金、Ag-Pd-Cu系合金、Ag-Pd-Cu-Pt-Au系合金、Ag-Au-Cu-Pt系合金である請求項2記載の電気接点用のクラッド材
- Cu系の析出型時効硬化材は、Cu-Ni-Si系合金、Cu-Ni-Si-Mg系合金、Cu-Be系合金、Cu-Fe系合金、Cu-Fe-Ni系合金、Cu-Sn-Cr-Zn系合金、Cu-Cr-Mg系合金である請求項1~請求項3のいずれかに記載の電気接点用のクラッド材。
- 請求項1~請求項4のいずれかに記載の電気接点用のクラッド材の製造方法であって、
時効硬化済みの基材と、接点材料とを接合して粗クラッド材を製造する工程と、
前記粗クラッド材を、前記基材の再結晶温度を基準に-200℃以上-100℃以下の範囲内で焼鈍熱処理する工程と、
熱処理後の前記粗クラッド材を加工する工程と、を含む電気接点用のクラッド材の製造方法。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2018519515A JP6840140B2 (ja) | 2016-05-23 | 2017-05-19 | 電気接点用のクラッド材及び該クラッド材の製造方法 |
US16/095,217 US11094478B2 (en) | 2016-05-23 | 2017-05-19 | Clad material for electric contacts and method for producing the clad material |
CN201780031425.0A CN109155208B (zh) | 2016-05-23 | 2017-05-19 | 电触点用的覆层材料和该覆层材料的制造方法 |
KR1020187031838A KR102071356B1 (ko) | 2016-05-23 | 2017-05-19 | 전기 접점용 클래드재 및 그 클래드재의 제조 방법 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2016-102422 | 2016-05-23 | ||
JP2016102422 | 2016-05-23 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2017204129A1 true WO2017204129A1 (ja) | 2017-11-30 |
Family
ID=60411246
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2017/018927 WO2017204129A1 (ja) | 2016-05-23 | 2017-05-19 | 電気接点用のクラッド材及び該クラッド材の製造方法 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11094478B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6840140B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR102071356B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN109155208B (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI654322B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2017204129A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2020110986A1 (ja) * | 2018-11-30 | 2020-06-04 | 田中貴金属工業株式会社 | 耐摩耗性及び耐熱性に優れる導電材料 |
JP2023513011A (ja) * | 2020-01-28 | 2023-03-30 | マテリオン コーポレイション | 充電端子の銀合金クラッド構造およびその製造方法 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS531856A (en) * | 1976-06-29 | 1978-01-10 | Tanaka Precious Metal Ind | Method of manufacturing electric contact material |
JPH05120950A (ja) * | 1991-10-24 | 1993-05-18 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk | 複合電気接点材料の製造方法 |
JP2012221631A (ja) * | 2011-04-05 | 2012-11-12 | Mitsubishi Material C.M.I. Corp | 複合接点 |
JP2013030475A (ja) * | 2011-06-24 | 2013-02-07 | Mitsubishi Material C.M.I. Corp | 複合接点の製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH03162553A (ja) | 1989-11-22 | 1991-07-12 | Nippon Mining Co Ltd | 曲げ加工性の良好な高強度高導電銅合金の製造方法 |
JP3825275B2 (ja) * | 2001-04-13 | 2006-09-27 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 電気接点部材とその製法 |
JP5923378B2 (ja) * | 2012-05-07 | 2016-05-24 | 田中貴金属工業株式会社 | 温度ヒューズ可動電極用の電極材料 |
-
2017
- 2017-05-19 US US16/095,217 patent/US11094478B2/en active Active
- 2017-05-19 CN CN201780031425.0A patent/CN109155208B/zh active Active
- 2017-05-19 KR KR1020187031838A patent/KR102071356B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2017-05-19 WO PCT/JP2017/018927 patent/WO2017204129A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2017-05-19 JP JP2018519515A patent/JP6840140B2/ja active Active
- 2017-05-22 TW TW106116900A patent/TWI654322B/zh active
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS531856A (en) * | 1976-06-29 | 1978-01-10 | Tanaka Precious Metal Ind | Method of manufacturing electric contact material |
JPH05120950A (ja) * | 1991-10-24 | 1993-05-18 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo Kk | 複合電気接点材料の製造方法 |
JP2012221631A (ja) * | 2011-04-05 | 2012-11-12 | Mitsubishi Material C.M.I. Corp | 複合接点 |
JP2013030475A (ja) * | 2011-06-24 | 2013-02-07 | Mitsubishi Material C.M.I. Corp | 複合接点の製造方法 |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2020110986A1 (ja) * | 2018-11-30 | 2020-06-04 | 田中貴金属工業株式会社 | 耐摩耗性及び耐熱性に優れる導電材料 |
CN113166848A (zh) * | 2018-11-30 | 2021-07-23 | 田中贵金属工业株式会社 | 耐磨损性和耐热性优良的导电材料 |
JPWO2020110986A1 (ja) * | 2018-11-30 | 2021-10-28 | 田中貴金属工業株式会社 | 耐摩耗性及び耐熱性に優れる導電材料 |
EP3889280A4 (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2022-03-16 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo K.K. | CONDUCTIVE MATERIAL WITH EXCELLENT ABRASION RESISTANCE AND EXCELLENT HEAT RESISTANCE |
JP7394070B2 (ja) | 2018-11-30 | 2023-12-07 | 田中貴金属工業株式会社 | 耐摩耗性及び耐熱性に優れる導電材料 |
CN113166848B (zh) * | 2018-11-30 | 2024-02-06 | 田中贵金属工业株式会社 | 耐磨损性和耐热性优良的导电材料 |
US11939653B2 (en) | 2018-11-30 | 2024-03-26 | Tanaka Kikinzoku Kogyo K.K. | Electrically-conductive material having excellent wear resistance and heat resistance |
JP2023513011A (ja) * | 2020-01-28 | 2023-03-30 | マテリオン コーポレイション | 充電端子の銀合金クラッド構造およびその製造方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN109155208B (zh) | 2021-03-09 |
US20190139721A1 (en) | 2019-05-09 |
US11094478B2 (en) | 2021-08-17 |
KR20180124141A (ko) | 2018-11-20 |
JP6840140B2 (ja) | 2021-03-10 |
JPWO2017204129A1 (ja) | 2019-03-22 |
CN109155208A (zh) | 2019-01-04 |
TW201812032A (zh) | 2018-04-01 |
TWI654322B (zh) | 2019-03-21 |
KR102071356B1 (ko) | 2020-01-30 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP4981748B2 (ja) | 電気・電子機器用銅合金 | |
JP5170864B2 (ja) | 接点材用銅基析出型合金板材およびその製造方法 | |
JP6126791B2 (ja) | Cu−Ni−Si系銅合金 | |
JP2006045665A (ja) | フレキシブルプリント配線基板端子部或いはフレキシブルフラットケーブル端子部 | |
JPWO2009148101A1 (ja) | 銅合金板材およびその製造方法 | |
WO2017204129A1 (ja) | 電気接点用のクラッド材及び該クラッド材の製造方法 | |
JP6196512B2 (ja) | 放熱性及び繰り返し曲げ加工性に優れた銅合金板 | |
JP6328380B2 (ja) | 導電性及び曲げたわみ係数に優れる銅合金板 | |
JP4916206B2 (ja) | 電気・電子部品用Cu−Cr−Si系合金およびCu−Cr−Si系合金箔 | |
JP6181392B2 (ja) | Cu−Ni−Si系銅合金 | |
US10998108B2 (en) | Electrical contact material, method of producing an electrical contact material, and terminal | |
JP5619977B2 (ja) | 放熱性及び繰り返し曲げ加工性に優れた銅合金板 | |
JP6246502B2 (ja) | 導電性及び曲げたわみ係数に優れる銅合金板 | |
JP2006127939A (ja) | 電気導体部品及びその製造方法 | |
JP4646192B2 (ja) | 電気電子機器用銅合金材料およびその製造方法 | |
JP6047466B2 (ja) | 導電性及び曲げたわみ係数に優れる銅合金板 | |
JP2008210584A (ja) | フレキシブルフラットケーブル端子部 | |
JP6219553B2 (ja) | 耐熱性に優れためっき材及びその製造方法 | |
JP2020056056A (ja) | 銅端子材、銅端子及び銅端子材の製造方法 | |
JP5761400B1 (ja) | コネクタピン用線材、その製造方法及びコネクタ | |
KR102533596B1 (ko) | 석출경화형 Ag-Pd-Cu-In-B계 합금 | |
JP2017089011A (ja) | 導電性及び曲げたわみ係数に優れる銅合金板 | |
JP2006037216A (ja) | 端子・コネクタ用銅合金 | |
JP2016204757A (ja) | Cu−Ni−Si系銅合金 | |
JP2017115249A (ja) | 導電性及び曲げたわみ係数に優れる銅合金板 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20187031838 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2018519515 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 17802721 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 17802721 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |