WO2017201707A1 - 一体式液压蓄能器胶囊的制作方法 - Google Patents

一体式液压蓄能器胶囊的制作方法 Download PDF

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WO2017201707A1
WO2017201707A1 PCT/CN2016/083447 CN2016083447W WO2017201707A1 WO 2017201707 A1 WO2017201707 A1 WO 2017201707A1 CN 2016083447 W CN2016083447 W CN 2016083447W WO 2017201707 A1 WO2017201707 A1 WO 2017201707A1
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Prior art keywords
weight
capsule
parts
rubber bag
rubber
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PCT/CN2016/083447
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English (en)
French (fr)
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赵慧江
赵腾宇
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石家庄市西姆克科技有限责任公司
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Priority to CN201680003570.3A priority Critical patent/CN107509387B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2016/083447 priority patent/WO2017201707A1/zh
Publication of WO2017201707A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017201707A1/zh
Priority to US16/006,842 priority patent/US10807318B2/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
    • C08L9/02—Copolymers with acrylonitrile
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D22/00—Producing hollow articles
    • B29D22/02—Inflatable articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8145—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81455—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps being a fluid inflatable bag or bladder, a diaphragm or a vacuum bag for applying isostatic pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F15B1/04—Accumulators
    • F15B1/08—Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F15B1/04—Accumulators
    • F15B1/08—Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor
    • F15B1/10—Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor with flexible separating means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2296—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of zinc
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/014—Additives containing two or more different additives of the same subgroup in C08K
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/20—Accumulator cushioning means
    • F15B2201/205—Accumulator cushioning means using gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/30—Accumulator separating means
    • F15B2201/315—Accumulator separating means having flexible separating means
    • F15B2201/3152—Accumulator separating means having flexible separating means the flexible separating means being bladders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/30—Accumulator separating means
    • F15B2201/315—Accumulator separating means having flexible separating means
    • F15B2201/3155—Accumulator separating means having flexible separating means characterised by the material of the flexible separating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/60—Assembling or methods for making accumulators
    • F15B2201/61—Assembling or methods for making separating means therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a preparation method of an integrated hydraulic accumulator capsule, belonging to the technical field of capsule preparation.
  • Accumulator capsules are an important part of capsule accumulators.
  • the prior art accumulator capsules are made of rubber and are flexible for storing compressed inert gases. A certain amount of nitrogen gas is injected into the capsule, and the hydraulic oil is filled outside the capsule. The capsule is deformed by the squeeze of the hydraulic oil, thereby compressing the nitrogen to store energy, and vice versa.
  • the accumulator is composed of pressure-resistant shell, elastic capsule, inflation valve, poppet valve, oil port, etc.
  • the key part is capsule and shell. Capsule is especially important. Capsule determines product quality and life. The key factor.
  • the functions of the accumulator capsule are mainly: storage energy, absorption of hydraulic shock, elimination of pulsation and recovery of energy.
  • the volume change of the prior art rubber capsules before and after charging is less than 1 time, and the energy in the pulsating pressure and the flow rate cannot be absorbed in a large amount, so the storage energy is insufficient, the thermal expansion compensation performance is poor, the hydraulic shock cannot be absorbed, and the pulsation and noise reduction cannot be eliminated. Therefore, there are the following defects:
  • the volume change is small, and the pressure pulsation cannot be effectively absorbed
  • the reason for the above defects is that the prior art accumulator capsule is molded by the inner core mold of the volume and the shape and the capsule, resulting in the internal stress of the forming accumulation; the volume change of the capsule after vulcanization is small, and the pressure pulsation cannot be effectively absorbed; After the core mold is formed, the part is vulcanized, that is, the split type process, although it is called integral process vulcanization, but the method of re-vulcanization after bonding is still a split type technology, and the above technical defects cannot be solved.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing an integrated hydraulic accumulator capsule, which is integrally vulcanized and molded by the method, which simplifies the process.
  • the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a hydraulic accumulator capsule, which comprises: laminating a capsule blank with a film on an inflated airbag;
  • the capsule produced by the method for manufacturing the hydraulic accumulator capsule provided by the invention has the same one-time vulcanization molding, uniform wall thickness, smooth inner and outer surfaces, long fatigue life, simplified process, high product quality and Good stability.
  • the gas sealing performance is good, and the gas leakage in the capsule can be effectively avoided, and the peak-to-valley value of the pressure fluctuation can be eliminated.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of an accumulator.
  • Figure 1 1 accumulator; 2 capsules; 3 oil valves; 4 gas valves
  • the invention provides a method for manufacturing a hydraulic accumulator capsule, which comprises: laminating a capsule blank with a film on an inflated airbag, and more specifically, preheating the film in a baking room at 60 ° C to 70 ° C 3-8 hours, preferably 4 hours, and then using a film to wind a plurality of layers of the film along the inflated balloon to form a capsule initial product.
  • the method for manufacturing the hydraulic accumulator capsule further comprises placing the capsule blank into a vulcanization apparatus for vulcanization to form a capsule initial product.
  • the method for manufacturing the hydraulic accumulator capsule further comprises: discharging the gas in the inflated airbag in the initial product of the capsule, taking out the airbag, and naturally cooling the vulcanized capsule initial product to room temperature to form a finished capsule product.
  • the invention provides a rubber accumulator capsule compound, which is prepared from at least the following parts by weight: 50-90 parts by weight of nitrile rubber; 10-50 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride plastic; 3-5 parts by weight of zinc oxide. 1 - 1.5 parts by weight of stearic acid; 0.5 - 1 part by weight of paraffin; 2.5 - 3 parts by weight of antioxidant; 40 - 42.5 parts by weight of N220 carbon black; 7.5 - 10 parts by weight of N774 carbon black; 20-22 weight of plasticizer Parts; S-80 vulcanizing agent 1.5-1.8 parts by weight; DM vulcanizing agent 0.85-1.2 parts by weight.
  • the capsule for the hydraulic accumulator capsule provided in the first embodiment of the present invention is prepared from at least the following raw materials by weight: 70 parts by weight of nitrile rubber; 30 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride plastic; 3 parts by weight of zinc oxide; stearic acid 1 part by weight; 1 part by weight of paraffin; 2.5 parts by weight of antioxidant; 40 parts by weight of N220 carbon black; 7.5 parts by weight of N774 carbon black; 20 parts by weight of plasticizer; 1.5 parts by weight of S-80 vulcanizing agent; 0.85 by weight of DM vulcanizing agent Share.
  • the first step the so-called parts by weight of nitrile rubber, polyvinyl chloride plastic, zinc oxide, stearic acid, paraffin and 4010NA anti-aging agent are mixed into the mixer, the mixing temperature is controlled at 80 ° C, the time is about 6min, the Mooney viscosity of nitrile rubber is processed to between 55-60.
  • the second step adding 2/3 of the N220 carbon black of the weighed portion and 1/2 of the N774 carbon black of the weighed portion to the above-mentioned rubber compound for mixing, the mixing temperature is controlled at 80 ° C, and the time is about 6min;
  • the third step further adding 1/3 of the N220 carbon black, 1/2 part by weight of the N774 carbon black and the weight part of the DOA plasticizer to be kneaded to obtain a master batch.
  • the mixing temperature is controlled at 80 ° C, and the time is about 4 min;
  • the fourth step the masterbatch is placed in a filter machine for filtration, and then placed in an open mill to add S-80 vulcanizing agent and DM vulcanizing agent for kneading to obtain a rubber compound;
  • the fifth step refining the rubber compound on the hot-smelting machine to improve the mixing uniformity of the rubber compound and further increase the plasticity;
  • Step 6 Put the rubber compound into the calender film, put it into the extruder to extrude the film, and then cool the film.
  • the capsule for the hydraulic accumulator capsule provided in the second embodiment of the present invention is prepared from at least the following raw materials by weight: 90 parts by weight of nitrile rubber; 50 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride plastic; 5 parts by weight of zinc oxide; stearic acid 1.5 parts by weight; 0.5 parts by weight of paraffin; 3 parts by weight of antioxidant; 40 parts by weight of N220 carbon black; 7.5 parts by weight of N774 carbon black; 22 parts by weight of plasticizer; 1.8 parts by weight of S-80 vulcanizing agent; Share.
  • the first step the so-called parts by weight of nitrile rubber, polyvinyl chloride plastic, zinc oxide, stearic acid, paraffin and 4010NA anti-aging agent are mixed into the mixer, the mixing temperature is controlled at 83 ° C, the time is about 8min, the Mooney viscosity of NBR is processed to between 55 ⁇ 60.
  • the second step adding 2/3 of the N220 carbon black in the weight of the masterbatch and 1/2 of the N774 carbon black in the weight part of the master batch for kneading, the mixing temperature is controlled at 83 ° C, and the time is about 8min;
  • the third step further adding 1/3 of the N220 carbon black, 1/2 part by weight of the N774 carbon black and the weight part of the DOA plasticizer to be kneaded to obtain a master batch.
  • the mixing temperature is controlled at 83 ° C.
  • the time is about 4 minutes;
  • the fourth step the masterbatch is placed in a filter machine for filtration, and then placed in an open mill to add the so-called weight part of the S-80 vulcanizing agent and the weighed portion of the DM vulcanizing agent for kneading to obtain a rubber compound. ;
  • the fifth step refining the rubber compound on the hot-smelting machine to improve the mixing uniformity of the rubber compound and further increase the plasticity;
  • Step 6 Put the rubber compound into the calender film, put it into the extruder to extrude the film, and then cool the film.
  • the capsule for the hydraulic accumulator capsule provided in the second embodiment of the present invention is prepared from at least the following raw materials by weight: 90 parts by weight of nitrile rubber; 50 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride plastic; 5 parts by weight of zinc oxide; stearic acid 1.5 parts by weight; 0.5 parts by weight of paraffin; 3 parts by weight of antioxidant; 40 parts by weight of N220 carbon black; 7.5 parts by weight of N774 carbon black; 22 parts by weight of plasticizer; 1.8 parts of S-80 vulcanizing agent; 1.2 parts by weight of DM vulcanizing agent .
  • Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a method for preparing a rubber accumulator capsule compound, including
  • the first step the so-called parts by weight of nitrile rubber, polyvinyl chloride plastic, zinc oxide, stearic acid, paraffin and 4010NA anti-aging agent are mixed into the mixer, the mixing temperature is controlled at 77 ° C, the time is about 8min, the Mooney viscosity of NBR is processed to between 55 ⁇ 60.
  • the second step adding 2/3 parts of the N220 carbon black of the weighed portion and 1/2 part of the N774 carbon black of the weighed portion to the above-mentioned rubber compound for mixing, the mixing temperature is controlled at 77 ° C, time About 8min;
  • the third step further adding 1/3N220 carbon black of the weighed parts, 1/2 parts by weight of N774 carbon black and the weight part of the DOA plasticizer to be kneaded to obtain a master batch, and kneading
  • the temperature is controlled at 77 ° C, the time is about 4 min;
  • the fourth step the masterbatch is placed in a filter machine for filtration, and then placed in an open mill to add the so-called weight part of the S-80 vulcanizing agent and the weighed portion of the DM vulcanizing agent for kneading to obtain a rubber compound. ;
  • the fifth step refining the rubber compound on the hot-smelting machine to improve the mixing uniformity of the rubber compound and further increase the plasticity;
  • Step 6 Put the rubber compound into the calender film, put it into the extruder to extrude the film, and then cool the film.
  • the rubber compound for the hydraulic accumulator capsule provided by the fourth embodiment of the present invention is at least the raw material of the following weight parts. Preparation: 50 parts by weight of nitrile rubber; 10 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride plastic; 3 parts by weight of zinc oxide; 1 part by weight of stearic acid; 1 part by weight of paraffin; 3 parts by weight of antioxidant; 42.5 parts by weight of N220 carbon black; 7.5 parts by weight; 22 parts by weight of plasticizer; 1.5 parts of S-80 vulcanizing agent; 0.85 parts of DM vulcanizing agent.
  • Embodiment 4 of the present invention provides the preparation of a rubber accumulator capsule compound comprising the following steps:
  • the first step the so-called parts by weight of nitrile rubber, polyvinyl chloride plastic, zinc oxide, stearic acid, paraffin and 4010NA anti-aging agent are mixed into the mixer, the mixing temperature is controlled at 85 ° C, the time is about 7min, the Mooney viscosity of NBR is processed to between 55 ⁇ 60.
  • the second step adding 2/3 of the N220 carbon black in the above-mentioned parts by weight and 1/2 part of the N774 carbon black in the weight part, and kneading, the mixing temperature is controlled at 85 ° C, and the time is about 7min;
  • the third step further adding 1/3 of the N220 carbon black, 1/2 part by weight of the N774 carbon black and the weight part of the DOA plasticizer to be kneaded to obtain a master batch.
  • the mixing temperature is controlled at 85 ° C, and the time is about 6 min;
  • the fourth step the masterbatch is placed in a filter machine for filtration, and then placed in an open mill to add the so-called weight part of the S-80 vulcanizing agent and the weighed portion of the DM vulcanizing agent for kneading to obtain a rubber compound. ;
  • the fifth step refining the rubber compound on the hot-smelting machine to improve the mixing uniformity of the rubber compound and further increase the plasticity;
  • Step 6 Put the rubber compound into the calender film, put it into the extruder to extrude the film, and then cool the film.
  • the rubber-plastic alloy glue of the invention adopts nitrile rubber as the main substrate, and a part of polyvinyl chloride is added to effectively modify the material. From the perspective of research on polymer materials, the polyacrylonitrile (PVC) macromolecule is used for the nitrile.
  • PVC polyacrylonitrile
  • NBR long chain of rubber
  • the hydraulic accumulator capsule compound provided by the invention not only solves the technical problems of short service life in the prior art, but also makes the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content in the capsule fully comply with the environmental protection requirements of the European Union, and the PAHs content of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is adopted by GC-
  • the MS method is used for analysis and testing. The result is not more than 0.5mg/kg, which fully meets the requirements of the European Union. It does not change the high elasticity and sealing property in the concentrated solvent of concentrated oil for a long time. It is not easy to age under long-term work in high temperature and high pressure environment, and maintain the high elasticity of the capsule. Increases its service life.
  • the capsule produced by the method for manufacturing the hydraulic accumulator capsule provided by the invention has the same one-time vulcanization molding, uniform wall thickness, smooth inner and outer surfaces, long fatigue life, simplified process, high product quality and Good stability.
  • the gas sealing performance is good, and the gas leakage in the capsule can be effectively avoided, and the peak-to-valley value of the pressure fluctuation can be eliminated. It has strong industrial applicability and operability in the industry and can be realized industrially.

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Abstract

一种液压蓄能器胶囊的制作方法，包括以下步骤：在充气的气囊上用胶片贴合成胶囊坯；将胶囊坯放入硫化装置内进行硫化形成胶囊初产品；将胶囊初产品中的充气气囊中气体放掉，取出气囊，并将硫化后的胶囊初产品自然冷却至室温形成胶囊成品。利用这种制作方法制作的胶囊，整体一次硫化成型，壁厚均匀，内外表面均光滑，疲劳寿命长，简化了工艺，产品质量高且稳定性好。

Description

一体式液压蓄能器胶囊的制作方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种一体式液压蓄能器胶囊的制备方法,属于胶囊制备技术领域。
背景技术
蓄能器胶囊，是胶囊式蓄能器的重要组成部分，现有技术的蓄能器胶囊由橡胶制成，具有可伸缩性，用于储藏压缩后的惰性气体。胶囊内会注入一定气压的氮气，在胶囊外则是充入液压油，胶囊会随着液压油的挤压而变形，从而压缩氮气来蓄能，反之则是释放能量。
如图1所示，蓄能器由耐压壳体、弹性胶囊、充气阀、提升阀、油口等组成，其关键部分是胶囊与壳体，胶囊尤其重要，胶囊是决定产品质量、寿命的关键因素。蓄能器胶囊的功能主要为：存储能量、吸收液压冲击、消除脉动和回收能量四大类。
现有技术的橡胶胶囊充压前后的体积变化不足1倍，不能大量吸收脉动压力和流量中的能量，因此存储能量不足，热膨胀补偿性能差，不能吸收液压冲击，无法消除脉动、降噪。因此存在如下缺陷：
1.体积变化量较小，无法有效吸收压力脉动；
2.缓和冲击压力的功能不足；
3.使用寿命短。
造成上述缺陷的原因是：现有技术的蓄能器胶囊通过体积与外形与胶囊的内芯模具成型，导致成型集聚内应力；硫化后胶囊体积变化量小，无法有效吸收压力脉动；通过有内芯的模具成型后分体硫化，即分体式工艺，有的虽然称为整体式工艺硫化，只是通过粘结后再硫化的方法,依然属于分体式技术，无法解决上述技术缺陷。
发明内容
为克服现有技术中存在的缺点，本发明的发明目的是提供一种一体式液压蓄能器胶囊的制作方法，用该方法制作的胶囊，整体一次硫化成型，简化了工艺。
为实现上述发明目的，本发明提供一种液压蓄能器胶囊的制作方法，其特征在于，包括:在充气的气囊上用胶片贴合成胶囊坯；
还包括将胶囊坯放入硫化装置内进行硫化形成胶囊初产品。
还包括：将胶囊初产品冷却后放掉气囊中的气体并将气囊取出得到胶囊成品。
与现有技术相比，利用本发明提供的液压蓄能器胶囊的制作方法制作的胶囊，整体一次硫化成型，壁厚均匀，内外表面均光滑，疲劳寿命长，简化了工艺，产品质量高且稳定性好。气密封性能较好，能有效避免囊体内的气体泄漏，能够消除压力波动的峰谷值。
附图说明
图1是蓄能器的结构示意图。
图1中：1 蓄能器；2 胶囊；3 油阀门；4 气阀门
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例详细说明本发明
本发明提供一种液压蓄能器胶囊的制作方法，其包括:在充气的气囊上用胶片贴合成胶囊坯，更为详细地说，使胶片在60℃～70℃的烘胶房里预热3‐8小时，优选4小时，然后利用胶片在胶片沿充气的气囊上缠绕多层，形成胶囊初产品。
液压蓄能器胶囊的制作方法还包括将胶囊坯放入硫化装置内进行硫化形成胶囊初产品。
液压蓄能器胶囊的制作方法还包括：胶囊初产品中的充气气囊中气体放掉，取出气囊，并将硫化后的胶囊初产品自然冷却至室温形成胶囊成品。
本发明提供一种液压蓄能器胶囊用胶料，至少由下例重量份的原料制备：丁腈橡胶50‐90重量份；聚氯乙烯塑料10‐50重量份；氧化锌3‐5重量份；硬脂酸1‐1.5重量份；石蜡0.5‐1重量份；防老剂2.5‐3重量份；N220炭黑40‐42.5重量份；N774炭黑7.5‐10重量份；增塑剂20‐22重量份；S‐80硫化剂1.5‐1.8重量份；DM硫化剂0.85‐1.2重量份。
实施例1
本发明实施例1提供的确液压蓄能器胶囊用胶料，至少由下例重量份的原料制备：丁腈橡胶70重量份；聚氯乙烯塑料30重量份；氧化锌3重量份；硬脂酸1重量份；石蜡1重量份；防老剂2.5重量份；N220炭黑40重量份；N774炭黑7.5重量份；增塑剂20重量份；S‐80硫化剂1.5重量份；DM硫化剂0.85重量份。
本发明实施例1提供的液压蓄能器胶囊用胶料的制备包括如下步骤：
第一步：将所称重量份的丁腈橡胶、聚氯乙烯塑料、氧化锌、硬脂酸、石蜡和4010NA防老剂入密炼机进行混炼，混炼温度控制在80℃，时间约为6min，丁腈橡胶的门尼粘度加工至在55‐60之间为宜。
第二步：在上述胶料中再加入所称重量份的2/3的N220炭黑和所称重量份的1/2的N774炭黑进行混炼，混炼温度控制在80℃，时间约为6min；
第三步；再加入所称重量份的1/3的N220炭黑、所称重量份的1/2的N774炭黑和所称重量份的DOA增塑剂进行混炼，得到母炼胶，混炼温度控制在80℃，时间约为4min；
第四步：将母炼胶放入过滤胶机过滤，而后放入开炼机进再加入S‐80硫化剂和DM硫化剂进行混炼得到混炼胶；
第五步：将混炼胶在热炼机上翻炼，提高胶料的混炼均匀性，进一步增加可塑性；
第六步：将混炼胶放入到压延机胶片，再放入挤出机挤出胶片，而后下片冷却。
实施例2
本发明实施例2提供的确液压蓄能器胶囊用胶料，至少由下例重量份的原料制备：丁腈橡胶90重量份；聚氯乙烯塑料50重量份；氧化锌5重量份；硬脂酸1.5重量份；石蜡0.5重量份；防老剂3重量份；N220炭黑40重量份；N774炭黑7.5重量份；增塑剂22重量份；S‐80硫化剂1.8重量份；DM硫化剂1.2重量份。
本发明实施例2提供的液压蓄能器胶囊用胶料的制备包括如下步骤：
第一步：将所称重量份的丁腈橡胶、聚氯乙烯塑料、氧化锌、硬脂酸、石蜡和4010NA防老剂入密炼机进行混炼，混炼温度控制在83℃，时间约为8min，丁晴橡胶的门尼粘度加工至在55‐60之间为宜。
第二步：在母炼胶中再加入所称重量份的2/3的N220炭黑和所称重量份的1/2的N774炭黑进行混炼，混炼温度控制在83℃，时间约为8min；
第三步；再加入所称重量份的1/3的N220炭黑、所称重量份的1/2的N774炭黑和所称重量份的DOA增塑剂进行混炼，得到母炼胶，混炼温度控制在83℃， 时间约为4min；
第四步：将母炼胶放入过滤胶机过滤，而后放入开炼机进再加入所称重量份的S‐80硫化剂和所称重量份的DM硫化剂进行混炼得到混炼胶；
第五步：将混炼胶在热炼机上翻炼，提高胶料的混炼均匀性，进一步增加可塑性；
第六步：将混炼胶放入到压延机胶片，再放入挤出机挤出胶片，而后下片冷却。
实施例3
本发明实施例2提供的确液压蓄能器胶囊用胶料，至少由下例重量份的原料制备：丁腈橡胶90重量份；聚氯乙烯塑料50重量份；氧化锌5重量份；硬脂酸1.5重量份；石蜡0.5重量份；防老剂3重量份；N220炭黑40重量份；N774炭黑7.5重量份；增塑剂22重量份；S‐80硫化剂1.8份；DM硫化剂1.2重量份。
本发明实施例3提供液压蓄能器胶囊用胶料的制备方法包括
第一步：将所称重量份的丁腈橡胶、聚氯乙烯塑料、氧化锌、硬脂酸、石蜡和4010NA防老剂入密炼机进行混炼，混炼温度控制在77℃，时间约为8min，丁晴橡胶的门尼粘度加工至在55‐60之间为宜。
第二步：在上述胶料中再加入所称重量份的2/3份的N220炭黑和所称重量份的1/2的N774炭黑进行混炼，混炼温度控制在77℃，时间约为8min；
第三步；再加入所称重量份的1/3N220炭黑、所称重量份的1/2的N774炭黑和所称重量份的DOA增塑剂进行混炼，得到母炼胶，混炼温度控制在77℃，时间约为4min；
第四步：将母炼胶放入过滤胶机过滤，而后放入开炼机进再加入所称重量份的S‐80硫化剂和所称重量份的DM硫化剂进行混炼得到混炼胶；
第五步：将混炼胶在热炼机上翻炼，提高胶料的混炼均匀性，进一步增加可塑性；
第六步：将混炼胶放入到压延机胶片，再放入挤出机挤出胶片，而后下片冷却。
实施4
本发明实施例4提供的确液压蓄能器胶囊用胶料，至少由下例重量份的原料 制备：丁腈橡胶50重量份；聚氯乙烯塑料10重量份；氧化锌3重量份；硬脂酸1重量份；石蜡1重量份；防老剂3重量份；N220炭黑42.5重量份；N774炭黑7.5份；增塑剂22重量份；S‐80硫化剂1.5份；DM硫化剂0.85份。
本发明实施例4提供液压蓄能器胶囊用胶料的制备包括如下步骤：
第一步：将所称重量份的丁腈橡胶、聚氯乙烯塑料、氧化锌、硬脂酸、石蜡和4010NA防老剂入密炼机进行混炼，混炼温度控制在85℃，时间约为7min，丁晴橡胶的门尼粘度加工至在55‐60之间为宜。
第二步：在上述胶料中再加入所称重量份的2/3的N220炭黑和所称重量份的1/2的N774炭黑进行混炼，混炼温度控制在85℃，时间约为7min；
第三步；再加入所称重量份的1/3的N220炭黑、所称重量份的1/2的N774炭黑和所称重量份的DOA增塑剂进行混炼，得到母炼胶，混炼温度控制在85℃，时间约为6min；
第四步：将母炼胶放入过滤胶机过滤，而后放入开炼机进再加入所称重量份的S‐80硫化剂和所称重量份的DM硫化剂进行混炼得到混炼胶；
第五步：将混炼胶在热炼机上翻炼，提高胶料的混炼均匀性，进一步增加可塑性；
第六步：将混炼胶放入到压延机胶片，再放入挤出机挤出胶片，而后下片冷却。
经测试，利用本发明提供的胶料制备胶囊的技术性能指标如表1：
表1
Figure PCTCN2016083447-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2016083447-appb-000002
本发明的橡塑合金胶以丁腈橡胶为主要基材，加入部分聚氯乙烯进行有效改性的材料，从对高分子材料研究角度来看，通过聚氯乙烯(PVC)大分子对丁腈橡胶(NBR)长链上双键的封闭，使得本发明提供的液压蓄能器胶囊用胶料，具有高度饱和的弹性体，具有良好耐油性能(对燃料油、润滑油、芳香系溶剂耐抗性良好)，并且由于其高度饱和的结构，使其具良好的耐热性能，优良的耐化学腐蚀性能(对氟利昂、酸、碱的具有良好的抗耐性)，优异的耐臭氧性能，较高的抗压缩永久变形性能；同时还具有高强度，高撕裂性能、耐磨性能优异等特点。
本发明提供的液压蓄能器胶囊用胶料除了解决现有技术存在的使用寿命短等技术问题，还使胶囊中的多环芳烃含量完全符合欧盟环保要求，多环芳烃PAHs含量，采用GC‐MS方法进行分析检测，结果不超过0.5mg/kg，完全符合欧盟要求，并且在浓油浓溶剂中长期不改变高弹性和密封性，在高温高压环境下长期工作不易老化，保持胶囊的高弹性，提高了其使用寿命。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等同物界定。
工业实用性：
与现有技术相比，利用本发明提供的液压蓄能器胶囊的制作方法制作的胶囊，整体一次硫化成型，壁厚均匀，内外表面均光滑，疲劳寿命长，简化了工艺，产品质量高且稳定性好。气密封性能较好，能有效避免囊体内的气体泄漏，能够消除压力波动的峰谷值。在工业上具有很强的工业实用性和可操作性，能够在工业上实现。

Claims (3)

  1. 一种液压蓄能器胶囊的制作方法，其特征在于，包括:在充气的气囊上用胶片贴合成胶囊坯。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的液压蓄能器胶囊的制作方法，其特征在于，还包括：将胶囊坯放入硫化装置内进行硫化形成胶囊初产品。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的液压蓄能器胶囊的制作方法，其特征在于，还包括：胶囊初产品中的充气气囊中气体放掉，取出气囊，并将硫化后的胶囊初产品自然冷却至室温形成胶囊成品。
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