WO2017197661A1 - 一种用于一拖多空调器的四通阀及一拖多空调器 - Google Patents

一种用于一拖多空调器的四通阀及一拖多空调器 Download PDF

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WO2017197661A1
WO2017197661A1 PCT/CN2016/083733 CN2016083733W WO2017197661A1 WO 2017197661 A1 WO2017197661 A1 WO 2017197661A1 CN 2016083733 W CN2016083733 W CN 2016083733W WO 2017197661 A1 WO2017197661 A1 WO 2017197661A1
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valve
compressor
air conditioner
port
ports
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PCT/CN2016/083733
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English (en)
French (fr)
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陈焕锐
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海信科龙电器股份有限公司
海信（广东）空调有限公司
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Publication of WO2017197661A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017197661A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/0003—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station characterised by a split arrangement, wherein parts of the air-conditioning system, e.g. evaporator and condenser, are in separately located units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
    • F25B5/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in parallel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of air conditioners, in particular to a four-way valve and a multi-air conditioner for a multi-air conditioner.
  • the four-way valve is a commonly used control valve for air conditioning refrigeration systems, and is usually used to realize the commutation of refrigerant in an air conditioner.
  • a pipeline connection structure of a towing air conditioner is taken as an example, and includes two compressors 01.
  • the exhaust port of the compressor 011 is connected to the compressor exhaust port 021 of the four-way valve 02.
  • the return port of the compressor 011 is connected to the compressor return port 024 of the four-way valve 02; the exhaust port of the compressor 012 and the compressor exhaust port 031 of the four-way valve 03, and the return port of the compressor 012
  • the circuit is connected to the compressor return port 034 of the four-way valve 03; the condenser 04, the throttle member 05 and the two evaporators 06 are sequentially connected in series, wherein the evaporator 061 and the evaporator 062 are connected in parallel with each other, and the condenser 04 is external to one end.
  • the connecting pipe is respectively connected with the condenser valve port 022 of the four-way valve 02 and the condenser valve port 032 of the four-way valve 03, and the external pipe of the evaporator 061 is connected with the evaporator valve port 023 of the four-way valve 02, and the evaporator 062
  • the external line is connected to the evaporator valve port 033 of the four-way valve 03.
  • the refrigerant flow direction of the compressor 012 is the same as that of the compressor 011; when the air conditioner performs heating, the four-way valve 03 The four-way valve 02 is reversed, and the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 011 is discharged from the evaporator valve port 023 through the compressor discharge valve port 021 of the four-way valve 02, and then returned from the condenser valve port 022 via the compressor.
  • Valve port 024 returns to the compressor In 011, the refrigerant flow direction of the compressor 012 is the same as that of the compressor 011.
  • the above-mentioned one-to-two air conditioner controls the flow direction of the refrigerant discharged from one compressor through two four-way valves, and for one-to-many air conditioner, a plurality of four-way valves are used to control the compressors one by one.
  • the flow direction of the refrigerant is discharged, thereby realizing the cooling and heating functions of the air conditioner, but the number of the four-way valve is large, which not only makes the production cost high, but also requires more pipelines to connect the refrigeration components, resulting in an air conditioner.
  • the pipe connection structure is complicated.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a four-way valve and a multi-air conditioner for a multi-air conditioner, which can solve the problem that a multi-way valve is required for a multi-air conditioner in the prior art, and the pipeline is high in cost and pipeline The connection structure is complicated.
  • a four-way valve for a multi-air conditioner comprising a main valve body, a valve cavity is arranged in the main valve body, and a compressor exhaust valve port communicating with the valve cavity is opened on the main valve body a condenser valve port, an evaporator valve port, and a compressor return valve port, wherein the compressor exhaust valve port and the compressor return valve port are plural, and the plurality of the compressor exhaust valve ports are Connected in one-to-one correspondence with an exhaust line of a plurality of compressors for connecting to an external line of the condenser, the evaporator valve port being used for an external line with a plurality of evaporators Connected, a plurality of the compressor return valve ports are connected in one-to-one correspondence with the return air lines of the plurality of compressors.
  • the invention also discloses a one-to-many air conditioner, comprising a plurality of compressors and a plurality of evaporators, a throttle unit and a condenser, wherein the condenser, the throttle unit and a plurality of the evaporators are connected in series a plurality of the evaporators connected in parallel with each other, further comprising the above-mentioned four-way valve for a one-to-many air conditioner, the plurality of the compressor exhaust valve ports of the four-way valve and a plurality of the compressors
  • the exhaust lines are connected in one-to-one correspondence, the condenser valve port is connected to an external pipeline of the condenser, and the evaporator valve port is connected to an external pipeline of the plurality of evaporators, and the plurality of the compression ports are connected
  • the return air valve port is connected to the return air pipes of the plurality of compressors in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the four-way valve and the one-to-many air conditioner for the one-to-many air conditioner provided by the embodiment of the invention Because the compressor exhaust valve port and the compressor return valve port are provided on the main valve body of the four-way valve, the exhaust lines of the plurality of compressors can be directly combined with the plurality of compressor exhaust valves respectively.
  • the ports are connected one by one, and the return lines of the plurality of compressors can be respectively connected with the plurality of compressor return valve ports, the condenser valve port is connected with the external pipeline of the condenser, and the evaporator valve port and the plurality of The external piping of the evaporator is connected.
  • the exhaust and return lines of multiple compressors can be directly merged in a four-way valve and condensed.
  • the embodiment of the present invention solves the problem that a plurality of four-way valves are required in the prior art, and the cost is high and the pipeline connection structure is complicated. .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a pipeline connection of a multi-air conditioner in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a four-way valve for a multi-air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a second structural schematic view of a four-way valve for a multi-air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a third structural schematic view of a four-way valve for a multi-air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a fourth structural diagram of a four-way valve for a towed air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a pipeline connection structure when a plurality of air conditioners are cooled in the embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a pipeline connection structure when a multi-air conditioner is heated according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of a four-way valve spool when a multi-air conditioner is being cooled according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the principle of a four-way valve spool when heating a plurality of air conditioners according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defining “first” and “second” may include one or more of the features either explicitly or implicitly. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality” means two or more unless otherwise stated.
  • connection is to be understood broadly, and may be fixed or detachable, for example, unless otherwise explicitly defined and defined. Connections, or integral connections; may be directly connected, or may be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be internal to the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case by those skilled in the art.
  • the four-way valve is a commonly used control valve in an air conditioner.
  • the structure of the four-way valve includes a main valve body, and a compressor exhaust valve port for connecting with an exhaust line of the compressor is disposed on the main valve body.
  • a condenser valve port for connecting to an external line of the condenser
  • an evaporator valve port for connecting to an external line of the evaporator
  • a return valve port for the compressor
  • a four-way valve 2 for a multi-air conditioner includes a main valve body 21 internally provided with a valve chamber 22, and a compressor exhaust valve communicating with the valve chamber 22 is opened on the main valve body 21.
  • Port 23 condenser valve port 24, evaporator valve port 25 and compressor return valve port 26, wherein the compressor exhaust valve port 23 is used for connection with the exhaust line of the compressor, and the condenser valve port 24 is used.
  • the evaporator valve port 25 is connected to the external line of the plurality of evaporators, and the compressor return valve port 26 is used for connection with the return line of the compressor.
  • the compressor exhaust valve port 23 and the compressor return valve port 26 are plural, and the plurality of compressor exhaust valve ports 23 can be used for one-to-one connection with the exhaust pipes of the plurality of compressors, and a plurality of The compressor return valve port 26 can be used to connect one-to-one with the return line of a plurality of compressors, as shown in FIGS. 2-6.
  • the four-way valve for one-to-many air conditioner provided by the embodiment of the present invention has a plurality of compressions due to a plurality of compressor exhaust valve ports 23 and compressor return valve ports 26 opened on the main valve body 21.
  • the exhaust line of the machine can be directly connected to the plurality of compressor exhaust valve ports 23, and the return lines of the plurality of compressors can be respectively connected to the plurality of compressor return valve ports 26 in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the valve port 24 is connected to an external line of the condenser, and the evaporator port 25 is connected to an external line of the plurality of evaporators.
  • the exhaust line and the return line of the plurality of compressors can be directly merged in a four-way valve, so The embodiment of the invention solves the problem that a plurality of four-way valves are required for a multi-air air conditioner in the prior art, which has high cost and complicated pipeline connection structure.
  • the plurality of compressor exhaust valve ports 23 in the embodiment of the present invention are independent of each other and are not in communication with each other, and the outer ends of the plurality of compressor exhaust valve ports 23 are respectively connected to the exhaust lines of the plurality of compressors.
  • the inner ends of the plurality of compressor discharge valve ports 23 are respectively in communication with the valve chamber 22, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5.
  • the plurality of compressor discharge valve ports are independent of each other, and each of the compressors can enter the four-way valve from each of the compressor discharge valve ports, and the refrigerant intake amounts of the respective branches are not uniform due to mutual influence.
  • the compressor exhaust valve port in the embodiment of the present invention may also adopt another structure similar to the multi-pass pipe, and the outer ends of the plurality of compressor exhaust valve ports 23 are independent of each other and respectively correspond to the plurality of compressors.
  • the exhaust lines are connected one by one, and the inner ends of the plurality of compressor discharge valve ports 23 are connected to the valve chamber 22 after being turned back, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. Since the above structure has fewer openings in the spool, the structural strength of the spool is higher.
  • the structure of the compressor return valve port is similar to that of the compressor exhaust valve port, and two schemes may be adopted.
  • the plurality of compressor return valve ports 26 are independent of each other and are not connected to each other.
  • the outer ends of the plurality of compressor return valve ports 26 are respectively connected to the return lines of the plurality of compressors, and the inner ends of the plurality of compressor return valve ports 26 are respectively connected with the valve chamber 22, as shown in FIG. 2 and As shown in FIG. 4; or the outer ends of the plurality of compressor return valve ports 26 are independent of each other, and are respectively connected to the exhaust lines of the plurality of compressors one by one, and the plurality of compressor return valve ports 26 are respectively connected. After the end turn, it is in communication with the valve chamber 22, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5.
  • the compressor return valve port adopts any of the above structures, and the technical effect thereof is the same as that of the compressor return valve port adopting the structure.
  • the above embodiment is an example in which two compressors are used, and only the four four-way valves shown in FIGS. 2 to 5 are listed.
  • the four-way valve is compressed.
  • the number of the exhaust valve port of the machine and the return valve port of the compressor are increased, and the plurality of compressor exhaust valve ports or the plurality of compressor return valve ports can adopt the technical scheme of combining the above two structures, according to practical applications, A variety of embodiments are available in a variety of permutations to combine the advantages of both structural approaches.
  • a valve body 27 is movably mounted in the valve chamber 22 of the embodiment of the present invention, and the valve core 27 can divide the valve chamber 22 into a high pressure valve chamber 221 and a low pressure valve chamber 222, and the first through the valve core 27 in the valve chamber 22 Switching between the position and the second position enables the cooling and heating functions of the air conditioner.
  • the spool 27 is in the first position, the compressor exhaust valve port 23 and the condenser valve port 24 are respectively communicated with the high pressure valve chamber 221, and the evaporator valve port 25 and the compressor return valve port 26 are respectively
  • the low pressure valve chamber 222 is connected, as shown in FIG.
  • the main valve body 21 of the four-way valve of the embodiment of the present invention is further provided with an electromagnetic pilot valve 29, and the movement of the spool 27 is controlled by the electromagnetic pilot valve 29.
  • "OFF" in the figure indicates that the coil in the electromagnetic pilot valve 29 is not energized, and the spool moves to the left due to a restoring force of a spring (not shown) in the electromagnetic pilot valve 29;
  • "ON" in the figure indicates that the coil in the electromagnetic pilot valve 29 is energized, and the spool is pushed to the right by the armature of the electromagnetic pilot valve 29, and the electromagnetic pilot valve 29
  • the inner spring is compressed.
  • the main valve body 21 is provided with a pilot valve 28 that can communicate with the high pressure valve chamber 221 and the low pressure valve chamber 222.
  • the pilot valve 28 can be communicated with the high pressure valve chamber 221 and the low pressure valve chamber 222, respectively, so that the pressure difference between the high pressure valve chamber 221 and the low pressure valve chamber 222 is reduced, so that the movement of the spool 27 needs to be overcome.
  • the resistance is reduced, and the movement speed of the spool is increased, thereby speeding up the switching of the cooling and heating functions of the air conditioner.
  • the embodiment of the invention further comprises a one-to-many air conditioner comprising a plurality of compressors 1 and a plurality of evaporators 5, a throttle member 4 and a condenser 3, a condenser 3, a throttle member 4 and a plurality of evaporators 5
  • the plurality of evaporators 5 are connected in parallel, and further include the above-described four-way valve 2 for one-to-many air conditioner, the plurality of compressor exhaust valve ports 23 of the four-way valve 2, and the rows of the plurality of compressors 1.
  • the gas pipelines are connected one by one, the condenser valve port 24 is connected to the external pipeline of the condenser 3, the evaporator valve port 25 is connected with the external pipelines of the plurality of evaporators 5, and the plurality of compressor return valve ports 26 are The return air lines of the plurality of compressors 1 are connected one by one. Since the four-way valve for a one-to-many air conditioner installed in the one-to-many air conditioner of the present embodiment has the same structure as the four-way valve provided in each of the above-described four-way valves, the two can solve the same Technical issues and achieve the same expected results.
  • one to two air conditioners are taken as an example.
  • the specific pipeline connection structure is shown in Fig. 6.
  • the arrows in the figure indicate the flow direction of the refrigerant; when the air conditioner performs heating, the specific pipe
  • the road connection structure is shown in Fig. 7, and the arrow in the figure indicates the flow direction of the refrigerant.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

一种用于一拖多空调器的四通阀（2）及一拖多空调器。该四通阀（2），包括主阀体（21），主阀体（21）内设有阀腔（22），主阀体（21）开设有与阀腔（22）连通的压缩机排气阀口（23）、冷凝器阀口（24）、蒸发器阀口（25）以及压缩机回气阀口（26），压缩机排气阀口（23）和压缩机回气阀口（26）为多个，多个压缩机排气阀口（23）用于与多个压缩机（1）的排气管路一一对应连接，冷凝器阀口（24）用于与冷凝器（3）的外接管路连接，蒸发器阀口（25）用于与多个蒸发器（5）的外接管路连接，多个压缩机回气阀口（26）用于与多个压缩机（1）的回气管路一一对应连接。该四通阀（2）用于实现空调器中制冷剂的换向流通，其降低了成本，简化连接结构。

Description

一种用于一拖多空调器的四通阀及一拖多空调器
本申请要求于2016年5月17日提交中国专利局、申请号为201610330011.5、发明名称为“一种用于一拖多空调器的四通阀及一拖多空调器”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及空调技术领域，尤其涉及一种用于一拖多空调器的四通阀及一拖多空调器。
背景技术
四通阀是一种空调制冷系统常用的控制阀，通常用于实现空调器中制冷剂的换向流通。
参照图1，以一拖二空调器的管路连接结构为例，包括2台压缩机01，其中，压缩机011的排气口管路与四通阀02的压缩机排气口021连接，压缩机011的回气口管路与四通阀02的压缩机回气口024连接；压缩机012的排气口管路和四通阀03的压缩机排气口031，压缩机012的回气口管路与四通阀03的压缩机回气口034连接；冷凝器04、节流部件05和2个蒸发器06依次串联，其中，蒸发器061和蒸发器062相互并联，并且冷凝器04一端的外接管路分别与四通阀02的冷凝器阀口022和四通阀03的冷凝器阀口032连接，蒸发器061的外接管路与四通阀02的蒸发器阀口023连接，蒸发器062的外接管路与四通阀03的蒸发器阀口033连接。当空调器进行制冷时，图1中所示的箭头方向为制冷剂的流动方向，压缩机011中排出的制冷剂经四通阀02中的压缩机排气阀口021从冷凝器阀口022排出，再从蒸发器阀口023经压缩机回气阀口024回到压缩机011中，压缩机012的制冷剂流动方向与压缩机011相同；当空调器进行制热时，四通阀03与四通阀02均换向，压缩机011中排出的制冷剂经四通阀02中的压缩机排气阀口021从蒸发器阀口023排出，再从冷凝器阀口022经压缩机回气阀口024回到压缩机 011中，压缩机012的制冷剂流动方向与压缩机011相同。
上述的一拖二空调器通过两个四通阀各控制一个压缩机所排出制冷剂的流动方向，对于一拖多空调器，则需采用多个的四通阀一一对应控制从各个压缩机排出制冷剂的流动方向，从而实现空调器的制冷和制热功能，但是四通阀使用的数量较多，不仅使生产成本较高，而且需要较多的管路连接各制冷部件，导致空调器的管路连接结构较复杂。
发明内容
本发明的实施例提供一种用于一拖多空调器的四通阀及一拖多空调器，可解决现有技术中一拖多空调器需采用多个四通阀，成本高且管路连接结构复杂的问题。
为达到上述目的，本发明的实施例采用如下技术方案：
一种用于一拖多空调器的四通阀，包括主阀体，所述主阀体内设有阀腔，所述主阀体上开设有与所述阀腔连通的压缩机排气阀口、冷凝器阀口、蒸发器阀口以及压缩机回气阀口，所述压缩机排气阀口和所述压缩机回气阀口为多个，多个所述压缩机排气阀口用于与多个压缩机的排气管路一一对应连接，所述冷凝器阀口用于与冷凝器的外接管路连接，所述蒸发器阀口用于与多个蒸发器的外接管路连接，多个所述压缩机回气阀口用于与多个压缩机的回气管路一一对应连接。
本发明还公开了一种一拖多空调器，包括多个压缩机和多个蒸发器、节流部件以及冷凝器，所述冷凝器、所述节流部件和多个所述蒸发器依次串联，多个所述蒸发器相互并联，还包含上述的用于一拖多空调器的四通阀，所述四通阀的多个所述压缩机排气阀口与多个所述压缩机的排气管路一一对应连接，所述冷凝器阀口与所述冷凝器的外接管路连接，所述蒸发器阀口与多个所述蒸发器的外接管路连接，多个所述压缩机回气阀口与多个所述压缩机的回气管路一一对应连接。
本发明实施例提供的用于一拖多空调器的四通阀及一拖多空调 器，由于四通阀主阀体上开设的压缩机排气阀口和压缩机回气阀口为多个，使得多个压缩机的排气管路可直接分别与多个压缩机排气阀口一一对应连接，多个压缩机的回气管路可分别与多个压缩机回气阀口一一对应连接，冷凝器阀口与冷凝器的外接管路连接，蒸发器阀口与多个蒸发器的外接管路连接。因仅采用一个四通阀即可控制多个压缩机排气管路内制冷剂的流动方向，多个压缩机的排气管路和回气管路可直接在一个四通阀内汇合后与冷凝器或蒸发器连接，不需更多其它外接管路，所以，本发明实施例解决了现有技术中一拖多空调器需采用多个四通阀，成本高且管路连接结构复杂的问题。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为现有技术中一拖多空调器的管路连接示意图；
图2为本发明实施例用于一拖多空调器的四通阀的结构示意图之一；
图3为本发明实施例用于一拖多空调器的四通阀的结构示意图之二；
图4为本发明实施例用于一拖多空调器的四通阀的结构示意图之三；
图5为本发明实施例用于一拖多空调器的四通阀的结构示意图之四；
图6为本发明实施例一拖多空调器进行制冷时的管路连接结构示意图；
图7为本发明实施例一拖多空调器进行制热时的管路连接结构示意图；
图8为本发明实施例一拖多空调器进行制冷时四通阀阀芯的原理示意图；
图9为本发明实施例一拖多空调器进行制热时四通阀阀芯的原理示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
四通阀是空调器中常用的一种控制阀，四通阀的结构包括主阀体，主阀体上设有用于与压缩机的排气管路连接的压缩机排气阀口、 用于与冷凝器的外接管路连接的冷凝器阀口、用于与蒸发器的外接管路连接的蒸发器阀口以及用于与压缩机的回气阀口，通过主阀体内阀芯运动，切换制冷剂的流向，从而实现空调的制冷或制热功能。
本发明实施例一种用于一拖多空调器的四通阀2，包括内部设有阀腔22的主阀体21，主阀体21上开设有与阀腔22连通的压缩机排气阀口23、冷凝器阀口24、蒸发器阀口25以及压缩机回气阀口26，其中，压缩机排气阀口23用于与压缩机的排气管路连接，冷凝器阀口24用于与冷凝器的外接管路连接，蒸发器阀口25用于多个蒸发器的外接管路连接，压缩机回气阀口26用于与压缩机的回气管路连接。特别地，压缩机排气阀口23和压缩机回气阀口26为多个，多个压缩机排气阀口23可用于与多个压缩机的排气管路一一对应连接，多个压缩机回气阀口26可用于与多个压缩机的回气管路一一对应连接，如图2～6所示。
本发明实施例提供的用于一拖多空调器的四通阀，由于在主阀体21上开设的压缩机排气阀口23和压缩机回气阀口26为多个，使得多个压缩机的排气管路可直接分别与多个压缩机排气阀口23一一对应连接，多个压缩机的回气管路可分别与多个压缩机回气阀口26一一对应连接，冷凝器阀口24与冷凝器的外接管路连接，蒸发器阀口25与多个蒸发器的外接管路连接。因仅采用一个四通阀即可控制多个压缩机排气管路内制冷剂的流动方向，多个压缩机的排气管路和回气管路可直接在一个四通阀内汇合后，所以，本发明实施例解决了现有技术中一拖多空调器需采用多个四通阀，成本高且管路连接结构复杂的问题。
具体地，本发明实施例中的多个压缩机排气阀口23彼此独立，相互不连通，多个压缩机排气阀口23的外端分别与多个压缩机的排气管路一一对应连接，多个压缩机排气阀口23的内端分别与阀腔22连通，如图2和图5所示。上述多个压缩机排气阀口彼此相互独立，各个压缩机可分别从各个压缩机排气阀口进入四通阀内，不会相互影响而导致各分路的制冷剂进气量不均。
此外，本发明实施例中的压缩机排气阀口还可采用另一种类似多通管的结构形式，多个压缩机排气阀口23的外端彼此独立、且分别与多个压缩机的排气管路一一对应连接，多个压缩机排气阀口23的内端回合后与阀腔22连通，如图3和图4所示。上述结构因在阀芯上开孔少，所以阀芯的结构强度更高。
可选地，本发明实施例中压缩机回气阀口的结构与压缩机排气阀口的结构类似，可采用两种方案，多个压缩机回气阀口26彼此独立，相互不连通，多个压缩机回气阀口26的外端分别与多个压缩机的回气管路一一对应连接，多个压缩机回气阀口26的内端分别与阀腔22连通，如图2和图4所示；或采用多个压缩机回气阀口26的外端彼此独立、且分别与多个压缩机的排气管路一一对应连接，多个压缩机回气阀口26的内端回合后与阀腔22连通，如图3和图5所示。压缩机回气阀口采用上述的任一种结构，其技术效果与压缩机回气阀口采用该结构的技术效果相同。
此外，上述的实施例是以压缩机为2个为例，仅列出如图2～5中所示的4种四通阀的结构方案，当压缩机的数量增加时，四通阀的压缩机排气阀口和压缩机回气阀口的数量均增加，多个压缩机排气阀口或多个压缩机回气阀口均可采用上述两种结构结合的技术方案，根据实际应用，采用多种排列组合可获得多种实施方案，从而结合两种结构方案的优点。
进一步地，本发明实施例的阀腔22内活动安装有阀芯27，阀芯27可将阀腔22分隔为高压阀腔221和低压阀腔222，通过阀芯27在阀腔22的第一位置和第二位置之间切换，实现空调器的制冷和制热功能。当空调器制冷时，阀芯27处于第一位置，压缩机排气阀口23和冷凝器阀口24分别与高压阀腔221连通，蒸发器阀口25和压缩机回气阀口26分别与低压阀腔222连通，如图6所示；当空调器制热时，阀芯27处于第二位置时，压缩机排气阀口23和蒸发器阀口25分别与高压阀腔221连通，冷凝器阀口24和压缩机回气阀口26分别与低压阀腔222连通，如图7所示。
本发明实施例四通阀的主阀体21还设有电磁导向阀29，通过电磁导向阀29控制阀芯27的运动。参照图8，当空调进行制冷时，图中的“OFF”表示电磁导向阀29内的线圈不通电，阀芯因电磁导向阀29内的弹簧(图中未示出)回复力向左运动；参照图9，当空调进行制热时，图中的“ON”表示电磁导向阀29内的线圈通电，阀芯因电磁导向阀29内衔铁吸合而被推动向右运动，同时电磁导向阀29内的弹簧被压缩。上述阀芯运动的控制方式简单，阀芯反应灵敏，动作时间短。
进一步地，对于阀体内径较大的控制阀门，仅靠电磁力较难驱动阀芯运动，因此，在主阀体21上设有可连通高压阀腔221和低压阀腔222的先导阀28，在阀芯27移动时，可将先导阀28分别与高压阀腔221与低压阀腔222连通，使得高压阀腔221与低压阀腔222之间的压差减小，使阀芯27移动需克服的阻力减小，提高阀芯的运动速度，从而，加快空调器切换制冷和制热功能的速度。
本发明实施例还包括一种一拖多空调器，包括多个压缩机1和多个蒸发器5、节流部件4以及冷凝器3，冷凝器3、节流部件4和多个蒸发器5依次串联，多个蒸发器5相互并联，还包含上述的用于一拖多空调器的四通阀2，四通阀2的多个压缩机排气阀口23与多个压缩机1的排气管路一一对应连接，冷凝器阀口24与冷凝器3的外接管路连接，蒸发器阀口25与多个蒸发器5的外接管路连接，多个压缩机回气阀口26与多个压缩机1的回气管路一一对应连接。由于在本实施例的一拖多空调器中安装的用于一拖多空调器的四通阀与上述四通阀的各实施例中提供的四通阀结构相同，因此二者能够解决相同的技术问题，并达到相同的预期效果。
具体以一拖二空调器为例，在空调器进行制冷时，具体管路连接结构如图6所示，图中箭头所示为制冷剂的流动方向；在空调器进行制热时，具体管路连接结构如图7所示，图中箭头所述为制冷剂的流动方向。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围 并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种用于一拖多空调器的四通阀，包括主阀体，所述主阀体内设有阀腔，所述主阀体上开设有与所述阀腔连通的压缩机排气阀口、冷凝器阀口、蒸发器阀口以及压缩机回气阀口，其特征在于，所述压缩机排气阀口和所述压缩机回气阀口为多个，多个所述压缩机排气阀口用于与多个压缩机的排气管路一一对应连接，所述冷凝器阀口用于与冷凝器的外接管路连接，所述蒸发器阀口用于与多个蒸发器的外接管路连接，多个所述压缩机回气阀口用于与多个压缩机的回气管路一一对应连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于一拖多空调器的四通阀，其特征在于，多个所述压缩机排气阀口彼此独立，多个所述压缩机排气阀口的外端分别与多个压缩机的排气管路一一对应连接，多个所述压缩机排气阀口的内端分别与所述阀腔连通。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的用于一拖多空调器的四通阀，其特征在于，多个所述压缩机排气阀口的外端彼此独立、且分别与多个压缩机的排气管路一一对应连接，多个所述压缩机排气阀口的内端汇合后与所述阀腔连通。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的用于一拖多空调器的四通阀，其特征在于，多个所述压缩机回气阀口彼此独立，多个所述压缩机回气阀口的外端分别与多个压缩机的回气管路一一对应连接，多个所述压缩机回气阀口的内端分别与所述阀腔连通。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的用于一拖多空调器的四通阀，其特征在于，多个所述压缩机回气阀口的外端彼此独立、且分别与多个压缩机的回气管路一一对应连接，多个所述压缩机回气阀口的内端汇合后与所述阀腔连通。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的用于一拖多空调器的四通阀，其特征在于，所述阀腔内活动安装有阀芯，所述阀芯将所述阀腔分隔为高压阀腔和低压阀腔，且可在第一位置和第二位置间切换；
    当空调器制冷时，所述阀芯处于第一位置，所述压缩机排气阀口和所述冷凝器阀口分别与所述高压阀腔连通，所述蒸发器阀口和所述压缩机回气阀口分别与所述低压阀腔连通；当空调器制热时，所述阀芯处于第二位置，所述压缩机排气阀口和所述蒸发器阀口分别与所述高压阀腔连通，所 述冷凝器阀口和所述压缩机回气阀口分别与所述低压阀腔连通。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的用于一拖多空调器的四通阀，其特征在于，所述主阀体还设有可连通所述高压阀腔和所述低压阀腔的先导阀，当所述阀芯移动时，所述先导阀可使所述高压阀腔与所述低压阀腔之间的压差减小。
  8. 一种一拖多空调器，包括多个压缩机和多个蒸发器、节流部件以及冷凝器，所述冷凝器、所述节流部件和多个所述蒸发器依次串联，多个所述蒸发器相互并联，其特征在于，还包含上述权利要求1～7中任一项所述的用于一拖多空调器的四通阀，所述四通阀的多个所述压缩机排气阀口与多个所述压缩机的排气管路一一对应连接，所述冷凝器阀口与所述冷凝器的外接管路连接，所述蒸发器阀口与多个所述蒸发器的外接管路连接，多个所述压缩机回气阀口与多个所述压缩机的回气管路一一对应连接。
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