WO2017188277A1 - 表示装置及び車両用ヘッドアップディスプレイ装置 - Google Patents

表示装置及び車両用ヘッドアップディスプレイ装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017188277A1
WO2017188277A1 PCT/JP2017/016429 JP2017016429W WO2017188277A1 WO 2017188277 A1 WO2017188277 A1 WO 2017188277A1 JP 2017016429 W JP2017016429 W JP 2017016429W WO 2017188277 A1 WO2017188277 A1 WO 2017188277A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
display panel
light
polarizing plate
plate
display
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2017/016429
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
薫 草深
林　佑介
聡 川路
Original Assignee
京セラ株式会社
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 京セラ株式会社 filed Critical 京セラ株式会社
Priority to EP17789559.6A priority Critical patent/EP3451047B1/en
Priority to JP2018514638A priority patent/JP6600742B2/ja
Priority to US16/095,647 priority patent/US10768417B2/en
Publication of WO2017188277A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017188277A1/ja

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
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    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
    • B60K35/20—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor
    • B60K35/21—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor using visual output, e.g. blinking lights or matrix displays
    • B60K35/22—Display screens
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    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
    • B60K35/20—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor
    • B60K35/21—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor using visual output, e.g. blinking lights or matrix displays
    • B60K35/23—Head-up displays [HUD]
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    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • B60R2011/0001—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for characterised by position
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    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a display device and a vehicle head-up display device.
  • the vehicle head-up display device includes a display device that emits display light from a display panel such as a liquid crystal panel.
  • a light source device that emits non-polarized illumination light is usually used as a light source device for illumination light that irradiates the display panel.
  • a light source device that emits non-polarized illumination light is, for example, an LED (Light Emitting Diode). Only a specific polarization component of the illumination light irradiated on the display panel is transmitted by the polarizing filter provided on the light source device side of the display panel. For this reason, other polarization components of the illumination light cannot pass through the display panel, and there is room for improving the use efficiency of the illumination light.
  • the first mirror and the second mirror that face each other that face each other, a functional film disposed at a certain angle between the mirrors, a retardation plate disposed adjacent to the first mirror,
  • a composite optical element including a light source device disposed between a retardation plate and a functional film has been developed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
  • a certain polarization component (S wave) is reflected by the functional film and emitted toward the display panel, and other polarization components ( P wave) passes through the functional film and reaches the second mirror.
  • the P wave reflected by the second mirror is converted to circularly polarized light when passing through the phase difference plate, reflected by the first mirror, passes through the phase difference plate again, becomes S wave, and is reflected by the functional film. Is emitted in the direction of the display panel. Thus, the utilization efficiency of illumination light has been improved.
  • a display device includes a substrate, a light source device, a transmissive display panel, and an illumination optical system.
  • the light source device is disposed on the substrate.
  • the illumination optical system guides illumination light from the light source device to the display panel.
  • the illumination optical system includes a first reflecting plate, a quarter-wave plate, and a reflective polarizing plate.
  • the first reflection plate is disposed at a position different from the light source device on the substrate.
  • the quarter wavelength plate is disposed between the first reflector and the display panel.
  • the reflective polarizing plate is disposed between the quarter-wave plate and the display panel.
  • a display device includes a substrate, a light source device, a transmissive display panel, and an illumination optical system.
  • the light source device is disposed on the substrate.
  • the illumination optical system guides illumination light from the light source device to the display panel.
  • the display panel includes an incident-side polarizing plate that is a reflective polarizing plate.
  • the illumination optical system includes a first reflecting plate and a quarter wavelength plate. The first reflection plate is disposed at a position different from the light source device on the substrate.
  • the quarter wavelength plate is disposed between the first reflector and the display panel.
  • a vehicle head-up display device includes the display device, reflects display light from the display device with a transflective plate of the vehicle, and allows an operator to visually recognize a virtual image.
  • FIG. 1 It is a figure showing the schematic structure of the head up display device for vehicles concerning a 1st embodiment of this indication. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the display apparatus of FIG. It is a figure explaining the illumination light of the display apparatus of FIG. It is a figure explaining the illumination light of the display apparatus of FIG. It is a figure explaining the illumination light of the display apparatus of FIG. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the display apparatus which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining the illumination light of the display apparatus of FIG.
  • the vehicle head-up display device 1 includes a display device 10 and a projection optical system 20.
  • the vehicle head-up display device 1 is accommodated in a dashboard of the vehicle V, for example.
  • the display device 10 emits the display light X to the outside of the vehicle head-up display device 1 through the projection optical system 20.
  • the display light X is reflected by a semi-transmissive plate Y such as a windshield of the vehicle V.
  • the reflected display light X enters the eyeball of an operator M (driver or the like) of the vehicle V. In this way, the display light X is incident on the eyeball of the operator M, so that a virtual image Z that is visible to the operator M is generated at a predetermined position in front of the semi-transmissive plate Y.
  • the display device 10 includes a light source device, a transmissive display panel, and the like. Illumination light emitted from the light source device passes through the transmissive display panel. The illumination light is emitted to the outside of the display device 10 after passing through the display panel. When the illumination light passes through the display panel, the intensity of each wavelength of the illumination light is attenuated according to a desired image. The illumination light becomes display light X by passing through the display panel. Details of the display device 10 will be described later.
  • the projection optical system 20 guides the display light X from the display device 10 to the semi-transmissive plate Y.
  • the projection optical system 20 can expand the range in which the display light X is projected.
  • the projection optical system 20 has a mirror such as a concave mirror. Although FIG. 1 illustrates the case where the projection optical system 20 includes two mirrors, the number of mirrors is not limited to two.
  • the semi-transmissive plate Y reflects a part of the incident light.
  • the semi-transmissive plate Y can transmit part of the incident light.
  • the semi-transmissive plate Y can be provided in the vehicle V.
  • the semi-transmissive plate Y may be a combiner that reflects the display light X in addition to the windshield of the vehicle V.
  • the transflective plate Y such as a combiner can be included in the vehicle head-up display device 1.
  • the semi-transmissive plate Y reflects a part of the display light X emitted from the vehicle head-up display device 1.
  • the semi-transmissive plate Y reflects the display light X toward a space where the eyes of the operator M are assumed.
  • the schematic configuration of the display device 10 will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the display device 10 includes a light source device 11, a display panel 12, an illumination optical system 13, a side wall 14, and a substrate 15.
  • the display panel 12 includes an incident side polarizing plate 121.
  • the illumination optical system 13 includes a first reflecting plate 131, a quarter wavelength plate 132, a reflective polarizing plate 133, a lens 134, a diffusion plate 135, and a second reflecting plate 136.
  • the light source device 11 is disposed on the substrate 15.
  • the light source device 11 is a member that emits illumination light X 0 as shown in FIG. In the illustration of FIG. 2, three light source devices 11 are located on the substrate 15.
  • the number of light source devices 11 is not limited.
  • the illumination light X 0 emitted from each light source device 11 passes through the illumination optical system 13 and is irradiated on the display panel 12.
  • each light source device 11 may be one light emitting element.
  • Each light source device 11 may include a plurality of light emitting elements that can be regarded as one point light source. In each light source device 11, a plurality of light emitting elements can be located close to each other.
  • Each light source device 11 includes, for example, a light emitting element such as one or a plurality of LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes) that diverge and emit non-polarized white light.
  • the display panel 12 is a transmissive display panel.
  • the display panel 12 includes an incident side polarizing plate 121.
  • the display panel 12 includes a liquid crystal display panel and a MEMS shutter panel.
  • the display panel 12 can include, for example, an emission side polarizing plate, a glass substrate, a transparent electrode, an alignment film, a liquid crystal display element, a color filter, and the like.
  • the display light X is light corresponding to an image displayed on the display panel 12.
  • the display light X is light corresponding to the color image.
  • the display light X changes corresponding to the changed image.
  • the illumination optical system 13 is located between each light source device 11 and the display panel 12.
  • the illumination optical system 13 guides the illumination light X 0 from each light source device 11 to the display panel 12.
  • the side wall 14 extends in a direction connecting the substrate 15 and the display panel 12.
  • the side wall 14 covers the periphery of the light source device 11 and the illumination optical system 13 together with the substrate 15 and the display panel 12.
  • the substrate 15 faces the display panel 12.
  • the substrate 15 is provided in parallel with the display panel 12, for example.
  • the substrate 15 includes a circuit unit that supplies power to the light source device 11.
  • the incident side polarizing plate 121 is a polarizing plate included in the display panel 12.
  • the incident side polarizing plate 121 is disposed on the side on which the illumination light X 0 (see FIGS. 3 to 5) is incident, that is, on the light source device 11 side.
  • the incident side polarizing plate 121 transmits only the linearly polarized light component in the direction along the transmission axis of the incident side polarizing plate 121 in the illumination light X 0 irradiated to the display panel 12.
  • the first reflector 131 is disposed at a position different from the light source device 11 on the substrate 15.
  • the first reflector 131 is a film-like member that reflects incident light.
  • the first reflecting plate 131 is provided so as to cover the surface other than the light source device 11 on the substrate 15 as shown in FIG.
  • the quarter-wave plate 132 has a fast axis and a slow axis that are orthogonal to each other.
  • the quarter-wave plate 132 transmits the polarized component along the slow axis of the incident light with a delay of 1/4 wavelength with respect to the polarized component along the fast axis.
  • the quarter wavelength plate 132 is disposed between the first reflector 131 and the display panel 12.
  • the quarter-wave plate 132 is arranged with its slow axis rotated by 45 ° with respect to the transmission axis of the incident-side polarizing plate 121.
  • the quarter-wave plate 132 is provided so as to cover the surface of the first reflector 131 on the display panel 12 side, as shown in FIG.
  • the reflective polarizing plate 133 transmits only the linearly polarized light component in the direction along the transmission axis and reflects the other polarized light component in the incident light.
  • the reflective polarizing plate 133 is disposed between the quarter wavelength plate 132 and the display panel 12.
  • the reflective polarizing plate 133 is disposed so that its transmission axis is parallel to the transmission axis of the incident-side polarizing plate 121.
  • the reflective polarizing plate 133 is provided so as to cover the surface of the incident-side polarizing plate 121 of the display panel 12 as shown in FIG.
  • the reflective polarizing plate 133 is formed on the surface on the light source device 11 side, and has a convex shape having a vertex corresponding to the light source device 11.
  • the position corresponding to the light source device 11 is a position that intersects the optical axis O of the illumination light X 0 emitted from the light source device 11 as shown in FIG.
  • Examples of the convex shape of the reflective polarizing plate 133 include a spherical crown shape (see FIG. 2) and a conical shape.
  • the reflection-type polarizing plate 133 has such a convex shape, so that the ratio of incident light distribution of the illumination light X 0 reflected by the reflection-type polarizing plate 133 to the first reflection plate 131 is increased. Convert to In other words, the reflective polarizing plate 133 having a convex shape reflects more incident illumination light X 0 in the direction of the first reflecting plate 131 than when it does not have a convex shape.
  • the lens 134 is a collimator lens that converts the illumination light X 0 emitted from the light source device 11 into parallel light that is perpendicularly incident on the display panel 12 as shown in FIG.
  • One or more lenses 134 are arranged corresponding to each light source device 11. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, one lens 134 is provided between each light source device 11 and the diffusion plate 135 in correspondence with each light source device 11.
  • the diffusion plate 135 is disposed between the lens 134 and the reflective polarizing plate 133.
  • the diffusing plate 135 diffuses and transmits the illumination light X 0 (see FIGS. 3 to 5) from the lens 134 and guides it to the reflective polarizing plate 133.
  • the diffusion plate 135 is provided so as to cover the surface of the reflective polarizing plate 133 on the lens 134 side, as shown in FIG.
  • the second reflector 136 is disposed on the surface of the optical path side of the illumination light X 0 of the side wall 14.
  • the second reflecting plate 136 is a film-like member that reflects incident light.
  • the second reflecting plate 136 is provided so as to cover the surface of the side wall 14 on the optical path side of the illumination light X 0 as shown in FIG.
  • the illumination light X 0 of the display device 10 will be described with reference to FIGS.
  • the illumination light X 0 emitted from each light source device 11 is converted into parallel light vertically incident on the display panel 12 by the lens 134.
  • the illumination light X 0 converted into parallel light passes through the diffusion plate 135 and enters the reflective polarizing plate 133.
  • the linearly polarized light component (for example, P-polarized light) in the direction along the transmission axis of the reflective polarizing plate 133 is reflected by the reflective polarizing plate 133 as shown in FIG.
  • the light passes through and enters the incident-side polarizing plate 121. Since the transmission axis of the reflective polarizing plate 133 and the transmission axis of the incident-side polarizing plate 121 are parallel to each other, the illumination light X 0 that has passed through the reflective polarizing plate 133 is transmitted through the incident-side polarizing plate 121.
  • the illumination light X 0 that has passed through the incident-side polarizing plate 121 is converted into display light X by the display panel 12 and emitted from the display panel 12.
  • the linearly polarized light component (for example, S-polarized light) in the direction orthogonal to the transmission axis of the reflective polarizing plate 133 in the illumination light X 0 incident on the reflective polarizing plate 133 is reflected polarized light as shown in FIG. Reflected by the plate 133.
  • the reflective polarizing plate 133 converts the orientation distribution of the reflected light of the illumination light X 0 from the reflective polarizing plate 133 so that the ratio of incidence on the first reflective plate 131 is increased. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, most of the illumination light X 0 reflected by the reflective polarizing plate 133 is transmitted again through the diffuser plate 135 and then through the quarter-wave plate 132, and the first reflector plate.
  • the illumination light X 0 is transmitted through the quarter-wave plate 132, the illumination light X 0 is a direction of the linearly polarized light component (e.g. S polarized light) perpendicular to the transmission axis of the reflective polarizer 133 is converted into circularly polarized light.
  • the linearly polarized light component e.g. S polarized light
  • the illumination light X 0 incident on the first reflecting plate 131 is reflected by the first reflecting plate 131, and after passing through the quarter-wave plate 132 again, as shown in FIG. Incident on the polarizing plate 133.
  • the illumination light X 0 that is circularly polarized light is converted into a linearly polarized component (for example, P-polarized light) in a direction along the transmission axis of the reflective polarizing plate 133, so that the reflective polarizing plate
  • the illumination light X 0 incident on 133 is transmitted through the reflective polarizing plate 133.
  • the illumination light X 0 that has passed through the reflective polarizing plate 133 passes through the incident-side polarizing plate 121, is converted to display light X by the display panel 12, and is emitted from the display panel 12.
  • the linearly polarized light component in the direction orthogonal to the transmission axis of the incident-side polarizing plate 121 included in the display panel 12 is reflected by the reflective polarizing plate 133.
  • the light is reflected as reflected light obtained by converting the light distribution so that the ratio of incidence on one reflector 131 is increased.
  • the reflected illumination light X 0 is reflected by the first reflecting plate 131 and travels again toward the reflective polarizing plate 133, it passes through the quarter-wave plate 132 twice so that it is reflected on the transmission axis of the incident-side polarizing plate 121.
  • Display device 10 can increase the utilization efficiency of the illumination light X 0. Since the display device 10 can install the light source device 11 on the substrate 15 facing the display panel 12, the distance between the display panel 12 and the substrate 15 can be reduced, and the size can be reduced.
  • the illumination light X 0 shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 is an example. E.g., as and illumination light X 0 reflected by the reflective polarizer 133 shown in FIG. 4, the illumination light X 0 which is reflected by the first reflector 131 shown in FIG. 5, a portion of second reflector 136 is incident. Illumination light X 0 incident on the second reflector 136 is reflected by the second reflector 136 enters the quarter-wave plate 132 and the diffusion plate 135, the display is converted to the same manner as described above display light X panel 12 Is injected from. Display device 10 may further increase the utilization efficiency of the illumination light X 0.
  • the display device 10 ′ As illustrated in FIG. 6, the display device 10 ′ according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure includes a light source device 11, a display panel 12, an illumination optical system 13, a side wall 14, and a substrate 15.
  • the display panel 12 includes an incident side polarizing plate 121.
  • the illumination optical system 13 includes a first reflecting plate 131 ′, a 1 ⁇ 4 wavelength plate 132, a reflective polarizing plate 133, a lens 134, a diffusing plate 135, and a second reflecting plate 136.
  • structures other than 1st reflecting plate 131 'with which display apparatus 10' is provided are the same as that of the display apparatus 10 which concerns on 1st Embodiment, description is abbreviate
  • omitted since structures other than 1st reflecting plate 131 'with which display apparatus 10' is provided are the same as that of the display apparatus 10 which concerns on 1st Embodiment, description is abbreviate
  • the first reflector 131 ′ is disposed at a position different from the light source device 11 on the substrate 15.
  • the first reflecting plate 131 ' is a film-like member that reflects incident light.
  • the first reflecting plate 131 ′ is provided so as to cover the surface other than the light source device 11 on the substrate 15 as shown in FIG. 6.
  • the first reflecting plate 131 ′ has a convex shape and / or a concave shape formed on the surface on the display panel 12 side.
  • Examples of the convex shape and / or concave shape of the first reflecting plate 131 ′ include a spherical crown shape (see FIG. 6), a conical shape, and the like.
  • the first reflecting plate 131 ′ has such a convex shape and / or a concave shape, so that the reflected light of the illumination light X 0 reflected by the reflective polarizing plate 133 is incident on the display panel 12 perpendicularly. As the ratio of reflection increases.
  • the illumination light X 0 of the display device 10 ′ will be described with reference to FIG. Since the illumination light X 0 other than the illumination light X 0 incident on the first reflector 131 'is similar to the illumination light X 0 in the display device 10 according to the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted.
  • the display device 10 ' in addition to the effects obtained in the display device 10, further enhance the illumination light X 0 utilization.
  • the display panel 12 included in the display device according to each of the above embodiments may include the reflective polarizing plate 133 as the incident side polarizing plate 121. That is, the reflection-type polarizing plate 133 and the incident-side polarizing plate 121 may be the same component instead of separate components.
  • the side wall 14 included in the display device according to each of the above embodiments does not need to be provided so as to cover the entire periphery of the light source device 11 and the illumination optical system 13, but may be provided so as to cover a part thereof. Furthermore, the display device according to each of the above embodiments may not include the side wall 14 and similarly may not include the second reflecting plate 136.
  • the display device according to each of the above embodiments is not limited to being used in the vehicle head-up display device 1.

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Abstract

本発明の表示装置及び車両用ヘッドアップディスプレイ装置は、基板（１５）と、光源装置（１１）と、透過型の表示パネル（１２）と、照明光学系（１３）と、を備える。光源装置（１１）は、基板（１５）上に配置される。照明光学系（１３）は、光源装置（１１）からの照明光を表示パネル（１２）に導く。照明光学系（１３）は、第１反射板（１３１）と、１／４波長板（１３２）と、反射型偏光板（１３３）と、を含む。第１反射板（１３１）は、基板（１５）上の光源装置（１１）とは異なる位置に配置される。１／４波長板（１３２）は、第１反射板（１３１）と表示パネル（１２）との間に配置される。反射型偏光板（１３３）は、１／４波長板（１３２）と表示パネル（１２）との間に配置される。

Description

表示装置及び車両用ヘッドアップディスプレイ装置 関連出願へのクロスリファレンス
　本出願は、日本国特許出願２０１６－０８８１４９号（２０１６年４月２６日出願）の優先権を主張するものであり、当該出願の開示全体を、ここに参照のために取り込む。
　本発明は、表示装置及び車両用ヘッドアップディスプレイ装置に関する。
　車両用ヘッドアップディスプレイ装置は、液晶パネル等の表示パネルから表示光を射出する表示装置を備える。
　このような表示装置では、表示パネルに照射する照明光の光源装置として、通常、無偏光の照明光を発光する光源装置が用いられる。無偏光の照明光を発光する光源装置は、例えば、ＬＥＤ（Light Emitting Diode：発光ダイオード）等である。表示パネルに照射される照明光は、表示パネルの光源装置側に設けられた偏光フィルタによって特定の偏光成分のみが透過する。そのため、照明光のうち他の偏光成分は表示パネルを透過することができず、照明光の利用効率を改善する余地があった。
　そこで、例えば、相対向する第１のミラー及び第２のミラーと、それらミラーの間に一定の角度をもって配置された機能膜と、第１のミラーに隣接して配置された位相差板と、位相差板と機能膜の間に配置された光源装置とからなる複合光学素子が開発されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。このような複合光学素子によると、光源装置から射出される無偏光の照明光のうち、ある偏光成分（Ｓ波）が機能膜で反射して表示パネルの方向に射出され、他の偏光成分（Ｐ波）が機能膜を透過して第２のミラーに到達する。第２のミラーで反射したＰ波は、位相差板を通過する際に円偏光に変換され、第１のミラーで反射して再び位相差板を通過してＳ波となり、機能膜で反射して表示パネルの方向に射出される。このようにして、照明光の利用効率を改善することが行われていた。
特開２００８－１１６８８８号公報
　本開示の一実施形態に係る表示装置は、基板と、光源装置と、透過型の表示パネルと、照明光学系と、を備える。前記光源装置は、前記基板上に配置される。前記照明光学系は、前記光源装置からの照明光を前記表示パネルに導く。前記照明光学系は、第１反射板と、１／４波長板と、反射型偏光板と、を含む。前記第１反射板は、前記基板上の前記光源装置とは異なる位置に配置される。前記１／４波長板は、前記第１反射板と前記表示パネルとの間に配置される。前記反射型偏光板は、前記１／４波長板と前記表示パネルとの間に配置される。
　本開示の他の実施形態に係る表示装置は、基板と、光源装置と、透過型の表示パネルと、照明光学系と、を備える。前記光源装置は、前記基板上に配置される。前記照明光学系は、前記光源装置からの照明光を前記表示パネルに導く。前記表示パネルは、反射型偏光板である入射側偏光板を含む。前記照明光学系は、第１反射板と、１／４波長板と、を含む。前記第１反射板は、前記基板上の前記光源装置とは異なる位置に配置される。前記１／４波長板は、前記第１反射板と前記表示パネルとの間に配置される。
　本開示の一実施形態に係る車両用ヘッドアップディスプレイ装置は、前記表示装置を備え、前記表示装置からの表示光を車両の半透過板で反射させ、操作者に虚像を視認させる。
本開示の第１の実施形態に係る車両用ヘッドアップディスプレイ装置の概略構成を示す図である。 図１の表示装置の概略構成を示す図である。 図１の表示装置の照明光を説明する図である。 図１の表示装置の照明光を説明する図である。 図１の表示装置の照明光を説明する図である。 本発明の第２の実施形態に係る表示装置の概略構成を示す図である。 図６の表示装置の照明光を説明する図である。
　以下、諸図面を参照しながら、本開示の一実施形態を詳細に説明する。
（第１の実施形態）
　図１を参照して、本開示の第１の実施形態に係る車両用ヘッドアップディスプレイ装置１の概略構成について説明する。車両用ヘッドアップディスプレイ装置１は、表示装置１０と、投影光学系２０とを備える。車両用ヘッドアップディスプレイ装置１は、例えば、車両Ｖのダッシュボード等に収容される。
　表示装置１０は、表示光Ｘを、投影光学系２０を経て車両用ヘッドアップディスプレイ装置１の外部に射出する。表示光Ｘは車両Ｖのウインドシールド等の半透過板Ｙで反射する。反射した表示光Ｘは車両Ｖの操作者Ｍ（運転手等）の眼球に入射する。このように、表示光Ｘが操作者Ｍの眼球に入射することで、操作者Ｍに視認可能な虚像Ｚが半透過板Ｙの前方の所定の位置に生成される。
　表示装置１０は、光源装置や透過型の表示パネル等を備える。光源装置から射出される照明光は、透過型の表示パネルを透過する。照明光は、表示パネルの透過後に、表示装置１０の外部に射出される。照明光は、表示パネルを透過するときに、所望の画像に応じて照明光の各波長の強度が減衰する。照明光は、表示パネルの通過によって表示光Ｘとなる。表示装置１０の詳細は後述する。
　投影光学系２０は、表示装置１０からの表示光Ｘを半透過板Ｙに導く。投影光学系２０は、表示光Ｘが投影される範囲を拡大しうる。投影光学系２０は、例えば凹面鏡等のミラーを有する。図１では、投影光学系２０が２つのミラーを有する場合を例示したが、ミラーの個数は２つに限定されない。
　半透過板Ｙは、入射した光の一部を反射する。半透過板Ｙは、入射した光の一部を透過しうる。半透過板Ｙは、車両Ｖに備えうる。半透過板Ｙは、車両Ｖのウインドシールドの他、表示光Ｘを反射させるコンバイナ等であってよい。コンバイナ等の半透過板Ｙは、車両用ヘッドアップディスプレイ装置１に含まれうる。半透過板Ｙは、車両用ヘッドアップディスプレイ装置１から照射される表示光Ｘの一部を反射させる。半透過板Ｙは、操作者Ｍの目が存在すると想定している空間に向かって表示光Ｘを反射させる。
　図２を参照して、表示装置１０の概略構成について説明する。表示装置１０は、光源装置１１と、表示パネル１２と、照明光学系１３と、側壁１４と、基板１５とを備える。表示パネル１２は、入射側偏光板１２１を含む。照明光学系１３は、第１反射板１３１と、１／４波長板１３２と、反射型偏光板１３３と、レンズ１３４と、拡散板１３５と、第２反射板１３６とを含む。
　光源装置１１は、基板１５上に配置される。光源装置１１は、図３に示すように、照明光Ｘ0を射出する部材である。図２の例示では、基板１５上に３個の光源装置１１が位置している。光源装置１１の個数は限定されない。各光源装置１１から射出される照明光Ｘ0は、図３に示すように、照明光学系１３を透過して表示パネル１２に照射される。ここで、各光源装置１１は、一つの発光素子であってよい。各光源装置１１は、一つの点光源とみなせる複数の発光素子を含みうる。各光源装置１１は、複数の発光素子が近接して位置しうる。各光源装置１１は、例えば、それぞれ無偏光の白色光を発散して射出する１つ又は複数のＬＥＤ（Light Emitting Diode：発光ダイオード）等の発光素子を含む。
　表示パネル１２は、透過型の表示パネルである。表示パネル１２は、入射側偏光板１２１を備える。表示パネル１２は、液晶表示パネル及びＭＥＭＳシャッターパネルを含む。表示パネル１２は、例えば、出射側偏光板、ガラス基板、透明電極、配向膜、液晶表示素子、カラーフィルタ等を含みうる。表示パネル１２は、図３に示すように、光源装置１１から照明光学系１３を経て照明光Ｘ0が照射されると、その透過光を表示光Ｘとして射出する。表示光Ｘは、表示パネル１２に表示される画像に対応する光となる。表示パネル１２にカラー画像が表示されている場合、表示光Ｘは、カラー画像に対応する光となる。表示パネル１２に表示される画像が変化すると、表示光Ｘは、変化した画像に対応して変化する。
　照明光学系１３は、各光源装置１１と表示パネル１２との間に位置する。照明光学系１３は、各光源装置１１からの照明光Ｘ0を表示パネル１２に導く。
　側壁１４は、基板１５と表示パネル１２とを連結する方向に延在する。側壁１４は、基板１５及び表示パネル１２と共に、光源装置１１及び照明光学系１３の周囲を覆う。
　基板１５は、表示パネル１２と対向する。基板１５は、例えば表示パネル１２と平行に設けられる。基板１５は、光源装置１１に電力を供給する回路部等を備える。
　入射側偏光板１２１は、表示パネル１２に含まれる偏光板である。入射側偏光板１２１は、照明光Ｘ0（図３～図５参照）が入射する側、すなわち光源装置１１側に配置される。入射側偏光板１２１は、表示パネル１２に照射される照明光Ｘ0のうち、入射側偏光板１２１の透過軸に沿う方向の直線偏光成分のみを透過させる。
　第１反射板１３１は、基板１５上の光源装置１１とは異なる位置に配置される。第１反射板１３１は、入射する光を反射するフィルム状の部材である。第１反射板１３１は、本実施形態では、図２に示すように、基板１５上の光源装置１１以外の表面を覆うようにして設けられる。
　１／４波長板１３２は、互いに直交する進相軸と遅相軸とを有する。１／４波長板１３２は、入射する光のうち、進相軸に沿う偏光成分に対して遅相軸に沿う偏光成分を、１／４波長分遅らせて透過させる。１／４波長板１３２は、第１反射板１３１と表示パネル１２との間に配置される。１／４波長板１３２は、その遅相軸が入射側偏光板１２１の透過軸に対して４５°回転して配置される。１／４波長板１３２は、本実施形態では、図２に示すように、第１反射板１３１の表示パネル１２側の表面を覆うようにして設けられる。
　反射型偏光板１３３は、入射する光のうち、透過軸に沿う方向の直線偏光成分のみを透過させ、他の偏光成分を反射する。反射型偏光板１３３は、１／４波長板１３２と表示パネル１２との間に配置される。反射型偏光板１３３は、その透過軸が入射側偏光板１２１の透過軸と平行となるように配置される。反射型偏光板１３３は、本実施形態では、図２に示すように、表示パネル１２の入射側偏光板１２１の表面を覆うようにして設けられる。
　反射型偏光板１３３は、光源装置１１側の表面に形成され、光源装置１１に対応する位置を頂点とする凸形状を有する。光源装置１１に対応する位置とは、図３に示すように、光源装置１１から射出される照明光Ｘ0の光軸Ｏと交差する位置である。反射型偏光板１３３が有する凸形状としては、球冠形状（図２参照）や、円錐形状等が挙げられる。反射型偏光板１３３は、このような凸形状を有することで、反射型偏光板１３３での照明光Ｘ0の反射光の配光分布を、第１反射板１３１に入射する割合が高くなるように変換する。換言すると、凸形状を有する反射型偏光板１３３は、凸形状を有さない場合に比べて、入射する照明光Ｘ0を第１反射板１３１の方向により多く反射する。
　レンズ１３４は、光源装置１１から射出される照明光Ｘ0を、図３に示すように、表示パネル１２に垂直に入射する平行光に変換するコリメータレンズである。レンズ１３４は、各光源装置１１に対応してそれぞれ１つ以上配置される。レンズ１３４は、本実施形態では、図２に示すように、各光源装置１１に対応して、各光源装置１１と拡散板１３５との間に、それぞれ１つずつ設けられる。
　拡散板１３５は、レンズ１３４と反射型偏光板１３３との間に配置される。拡散板１３５は、レンズ１３４からの照明光Ｘ0（図３から図５参照）を拡散透過して、反射型偏光板１３３に導く。拡散板１３５は、本実施形態では、図２に示すように、反射型偏光板１３３のレンズ１３４側の表面を覆うようにして設けられる。
　第２反射板１３６は、側壁１４の照明光Ｘ0の光路側の表面に配置される。第２反射板１３６は、入射する光を反射するフィルム状の部材である。第２反射板１３６は、本実施形態では、図２に示すように、側壁１４の照明光Ｘ0の光路側の表面を覆うようにして設けられる。
　次に、表示装置１０の照明光Ｘ0について、図３から図５を参照して説明する。図３に示すように、各光源装置１１から射出される照明光Ｘ0は、レンズ１３４によって表示パネル１２に垂直に入射する平行光に変換される。平行光に変換された照明光Ｘ0は、拡散板１３５を透過し、反射型偏光板１３３に入射する。
　反射型偏光板１３３に入射した照明光Ｘ0のうち、反射型偏光板１３３の透過軸に沿う方向の直線偏光成分（例えばＰ偏光）は、図３に示すように、反射型偏光板１３３を透過して、入射側偏光板１２１に入射する。反射型偏光板１３３の透過軸と入射側偏光板１２１の透過軸とは互いに平行であるので、反射型偏光板１３３を透過した照明光Ｘ0は、入射側偏光板１２１を透過する。入射側偏光板１２１を透過した照明光Ｘ0は、表示パネル１２で表示光Ｘに変換され、表示パネル１２から射出される。
　一方、反射型偏光板１３３に入射した照明光Ｘ0のうち、反射型偏光板１３３の透過軸と直交する方向の直線偏光成分（例えばＳ偏光）は、図４に示すように、反射型偏光板１３３で反射される。反射型偏光板１３３は、反射型偏光板１３３での照明光Ｘ0の反射光の配向分布を、第１反射板１３１に入射する割合が高くなるように変換する。従って、反射型偏光板１３３で反射された照明光Ｘ0の多くは、図４に示すように、再び拡散板１３５を透過した後、１／４波長板１３２を透過して、第１反射板１３１に入射する。照明光Ｘ0が１／４波長板１３２を透過する際、反射型偏光板１３３の透過軸と直交する方向の直線偏光成分（例えばＳ偏光）である照明光Ｘ0は、円偏光に変換される。
　第１反射板１３１に入射した照明光Ｘ0は、第１反射板１３１で反射され、図５に示すように、再び１／４波長板１３２を透過後、拡散板１３５を透過して反射型偏光板１３３に入射する。１／４波長板１３２を透過する際、円偏光である照明光Ｘ0は反射型偏光板１３３の透過軸に沿う方向の直線偏光成分（例えばＰ偏光）に変換されるので、反射型偏光板１３３に入射する照明光Ｘ0は、反射型偏光板１３３を透過する。反射型偏光板１３３を透過した照明光Ｘ0は、入射側偏光板１２１を透過し、表示パネル１２で表示光Ｘに変換され、表示パネル１２から射出される。
　このように、光源装置１１から射出された照明光Ｘ0のうち、表示パネル１２に含まれる入射側偏光板１２１の透過軸と直交する方向の直線偏光成分は、反射型偏光板１３３によって、第１反射板１３１に入射する割合が高くなるように配光分布を変換した反射光として反射される。反射した照明光Ｘ0は、第１反射板１３１で反射して反射型偏光板１３３に再び向かう際に、１／４波長板１３２を２回通過することで入射側偏光板１２１の透過軸に沿う方向の直線偏光成分に変換されるため、反射型偏光板１３３及び入射側偏光板１２１を透過して表示光Ｘに変換される。表示装置１０は、照明光Ｘ0の利用効率を高めることができる。表示装置１０は、光源装置１１を表示パネル１２と対向する基板１５上に設置することができるので、表示パネル１２と基板１５との間隔を狭くすることができ、小型化を図ることができる。
　図３から図５に示した照明光Ｘ0は例示である。例えば、図４に示した反射型偏光板１３３で反射される照明光Ｘ0や、図５に示した第１反射板１３１で反射される照明光Ｘ0は、その一部が第２反射板１３６に入射する。第２反射板１３６に入射した照明光Ｘ0は、第２反射板１３６で反射して１／４波長板１３２や拡散板１３５に入射し、上記同様に表示光Ｘに変換されて表示パネル１２から射出される。表示装置１０は、照明光Ｘ0の利用効率をさらに高めることができる。
（第２の実施形態）
　本開示の第２の実施形態に係る表示装置１０’は、図６に示すように、光源装置１１と、表示パネル１２と、照明光学系１３と、側壁１４と、基板１５とを備える。表示パネル１２は、入射側偏光板１２１を含む。照明光学系１３は、第１反射板１３１’と、１／４波長板１３２と、反射型偏光板１３３と、レンズ１３４と、拡散板１３５と、第２反射板１３６とを含む。なお、表示装置１０’が備える第１反射板１３１’以外の構成は、第１の実施形態に係る表示装置１０と同様であるので、説明を省略する。
　第１反射板１３１’は、基板１５上の光源装置１１とは異なる位置に配置される。第１反射板１３１’は、入射する光を反射するフィルム状の部材である。第１反射板１３１’は、本実施形態では、図６に示すように、基板１５上の光源装置１１以外の表面を覆うようにして設けられる。
　第１反射板１３１’は、表示パネル１２側の表面に形成された凸形状及び／又は凹形状を有する。第１反射板１３１’が有する凸形状及び／又は凹形状としては、球冠形状（図６参照）や、円錐形状等が挙げられる。第１反射板１３１’は、このような凸形状及び／又は凹形状を有することで、反射型偏光板１３３で反射した照明光Ｘ0の反射光を、表示パネル１２に垂直に入射する平行光として反射する割合を高める。
　次に、表示装置１０’の照明光Ｘ0について、図７を参照して説明する。なお、第１反射板１３１’に入射する照明光Ｘ0以外の照明光Ｘ0については、第１の実施形態に係る表示装置１０における照明光Ｘ0と同様であるので、説明を省略する。
　照明光Ｘ0は、第１反射板１３１’に入射すると、図７に示すように、表示パネル１２に垂直に入射する平行光として反射する割合が高められて反射する。これにより、表示装置１０’は、表示装置１０で得られる効果に加えて、照明光Ｘ0利用効率をさらに高めることができる。
　本開示を諸図面や実施形態に基づき説明してきたが、当業者であれば本開示に基づき種々の変形や修正を行うことが容易であることに注意されたい。従って、これらの変形や修正は本開示の範囲に含まれることに留意されたい。例えば、各構成部、各ステップなどに含まれる機能などは論理的に矛盾しないように再配置可能であり、複数の構成部やステップなどを１つに組み合わせたり、或いは分割したりすることが可能である。
　また、上記各実施形態に係る表示装置が備える表示パネル１２は、反射型偏光板１３３を入射側偏光板１２１として含んでいてよい。すなわち、反射型偏光板１３３と入射側偏光板１２１とを別の構成要素とせず、同一の構成要素としてよい。
　また、上記各実施形態に係る表示装置が備える側壁１４は、光源装置１１及び照明光学系１３の周囲全体を覆うように設けられる必要はなく、一部を覆うように設けられていればよい。さらに、上記各実施形態に係る表示装置は、側壁１４を備えていなくてよく、同様に、第２反射板１３６を備えていなくてよい。
　また、上記各実施形態に係る表示装置は、車両用ヘッドアップディスプレイ装置１に用いられることには限定されない。
　１　車両用ヘッドアップディスプレイ装置
　１０、１０’　表示装置
　１１　光源装置
　１２　表示パネル
　１３　照明光学系
　１４　側壁
　１５　基板
　２０　投影光学系
　１２１　入射側偏光板
　１３１、１３１’　第１反射板
　１３２　１／４波長板
　１３３　反射型偏光板
　１３４　レンズ
　１３５　拡散板
　１３６　第２反射板
　Ｍ　操作者
　Ｏ　光軸
　Ｖ　車両
　Ｘ　表示光
　Ｘ0　照明光
　Ｙ　半透過板
　Ｚ　虚像

Claims (12)

  1. 　基板と、前記基板上に配置された光源装置と、透過型の表示パネルと、前記光源装置からの照明光を前記表示パネルに導く照明光学系と、を備え、
    　前記照明光学系は、
    　前記基板上の前記光源装置とは異なる位置に配置された第１反射板と、
    　前記第１反射板と前記表示パネルとの間に配置された１／４波長板と、
    　前記１／４波長板と前記表示パネルとの間に配置された反射型偏光板と、
    を含む、表示装置。
  2. 　前記照明光学系は、前記照明光を前記表示パネルに垂直に入射する平行光に変換するレンズを含む、
    請求項１に記載の表示装置。
  3. 　前記照明光学系は、前記レンズと前記反射型偏光板との間に配置された拡散板をさらに含む、
    請求項２に記載の表示装置。
  4. 　前記反射型偏光板は、前記光源装置側の表面に形成され、前記光源装置に対応する位置を頂点とする凸形状を有する、
    請求項２または３に記載の表示装置。
  5. 　前記反射型偏光板が有する凸形状は、球冠形状又は円錐形状である、請求項４に記載の表示装置。
  6. 　前記第１反射板は、前記表示パネル側の表面に形成された凸形状及び／又は凹形状を有する、
    請求項１から５の何れか一項に記載の表示装置。
  7. 　前記第１反射板が有する凸形状及び／又は凹形状は、球冠形状又は円錐形状である、請求項６に記載の表示装置。
  8. 　前記表示パネルは、入射側偏光板を含み、
    　前記反射型偏光板は、当該反射型偏光板の透過軸が前記入射側偏光板の透過軸と平行に配置される、
    請求項１から７の何れか一項に記載の表示装置。
  9. 　前記１／４波長板は、当該１／４波長板の遅相軸が前記反射型偏光板の透過軸に対して４５°回転して配置される、請求項１から８の何れか一項に記載の表示装置。
  10. 　前記基板と前記表示パネルとを連結する方向に延在する側壁をさらに備え、
    　前記照明光学系は、前記側壁の前記照明光の光路側の表面に配置された第２反射板をさらに含む、
    請求項１から９の何れか一項に記載の表示装置。
  11. 　基板と、前記基板上に配置された光源装置と、透過型の表示パネルと、前記光源装置からの照明光を前記表示パネルに導く照明光学系と、を備え、
    　前記表示パネルは、反射型偏光板である入射側偏光板を含み、
    　前記照明光学系は、
    　前記基板上の前記光源装置とは異なる位置に配置された第１反射板と、
    　前記第１反射板と前記表示パネルとの間に配置された１／４波長板と、
    を含む、表示装置。
  12. 　請求項１から１１の何れか一項に記載の表示装置を備え、
    　前記表示装置からの表示光を車両の半透過板で反射させ、操作者に虚像を視認させる、車両用ヘッドアップディスプレイ装置。
PCT/JP2017/016429 2016-04-26 2017-04-25 表示装置及び車両用ヘッドアップディスプレイ装置 WO2017188277A1 (ja)

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