WO2017166910A1 - 挖掘机转向驱动桥 - Google Patents

挖掘机转向驱动桥 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017166910A1
WO2017166910A1 PCT/CN2017/071803 CN2017071803W WO2017166910A1 WO 2017166910 A1 WO2017166910 A1 WO 2017166910A1 CN 2017071803 W CN2017071803 W CN 2017071803W WO 2017166910 A1 WO2017166910 A1 WO 2017166910A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
axial
disposed
hubs
transmission
steering
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PCT/CN2017/071803
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谢帮亮
林秀丹
林文捷
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泉州鑫豪工程机械科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2017166910A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017166910A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/06—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing
    • B60K17/08—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing of mechanical type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B35/00—Axle units; Parts thereof ; Arrangements for lubrication of axles
    • B60B35/12—Torque-transmitting axles
    • B60B35/14—Torque-transmitting axles composite or split, e.g. half- axles; Couplings between axle parts or sections

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vehicle running device, and more particularly to an excavator steering axle.
  • Excavator steering drive front axles including axle housings, two brake devices, two hubs, transmissions, and steering devices; the axle housings extend generally axially and are hollow structures, and the transmission includes
  • the main reducer (including the differential) and the universal joint are two parts; the main reducer is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the axle housing, and is used for converting the radial torque input of the engine into the axial torque output; Inside the hub of the axle housing, two hubs are respectively rotatably disposed at two ends of the axle housing; the universal transmission is disposed in the steering knuckle to transmit the axial torque output of the final drive to the rotation relative to the brake device.
  • the steering device On the hub; the steering device is disposed between the axle housing and the hub, and the steering angle of the hub is controlled by the steering knuckle to realize the steering of the automobile.
  • This kind of steering drive front axle final drive generally adopts integral two-stage deceleration, and the transmission speed ratio is not large. When a large main transmission ratio and a large ground clearance are required, it is difficult to meet the requirements.
  • the Chinese Patent No.: 201320051349.9 discloses an excavator steering drive front axle, including a axle housing, two brake devices, two hubs, a transmission device and a steering device;
  • the axial extension and hollow structure, the transmission comprises two parts of the final drive and the universal joint;
  • the final drive is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the axle housing, and is used for converting the radial torque input of the engine into the axial torque output;
  • the brake devices are respectively disposed on the hubs at both ends of the axle housing for controlling the rotation of the hub;
  • the two hubs are respectively rotatably disposed at the two ends of the axle housing, and the universal transmission is disposed in the steering knuckle to respectively axially torque the final drive
  • the output is transmitted to two hubs that are rotatable relative to the brake device;
  • the steering device is disposed between the axle housing and the two hubs, and the steering angle of the two hubs is controlled by the steering knuckle to realize steering of the vehicle;
  • the movement can be circumferentially rotated along the corresponding ring gear, and the respective reduction planetary gear sets are respectively fixed on the corresponding power output end cover by the pin shaft, and the movements are respectively The force output end caps are respectively fixed to one side of each hub.
  • the wheel planetary reduction mechanism of the transaxle twists and twists the torque transmitted by the final reducer through its deceleration, and then transmits it to the wheel mounted on the hub, so that the wheel generates a large driving force under the reaction of the ground adhesion.
  • the wheel planetary reduction mechanism not only reduces the size of the final drive in the transaxle, but also ensures sufficient ground clearance and a larger total drive ratio of the transaxle.
  • the hub will generate up and down and left and right movements.
  • the long-term use affects the positioning of the planetary reduction mechanism, which is prone to misalignment between the sun gear and the different axial planes of the planetary gear sets, thereby reducing the planetary speed reduction mechanism.
  • the torque and service life of the transmission; and the axial steel contact and impact generated between the vibration of the wheel planetary reduction mechanism and the torque output of the universal joint transmission will also affect the service life of the planetary reduction mechanism and the universal transmission mechanism. generates noise.
  • an excavator steering axle including a axle housing, two brake devices, two hubs, a transmission, a steering knuckle and a steering device;
  • the transmission comprises a final drive and a universal transmission;
  • the final drive is disposed in a middle of the inner side of the axle housing for converting the radial torque input of the engine into an axial torque output
  • the two brake devices are respectively disposed on the hubs at the two ends of the axle housing for controlling the rotation of the hub;
  • the two hubs are respectively rotatably disposed at two ends of the axle housing;
  • the universal drive is disposed in the knuckle, and transmits the final output of the final drive shaft axial torque to the two hubs that are rotatable relative to the brake device;
  • the steering device is disposed on the bridge Between the shell and the two hubs, the corners of the two hubs are controlled by the knuckle to realize steering of the automobile; the torque output end
  • each of the flexible axial compensation limiting devices includes a flexible axial compensation elastic member;
  • the universal transmission includes two inner half shafts, two universal joints, two shaft sleeves and two outer half One end of each of the inner half shafts is respectively connected to the axial torque output end of the final drive, and the other end of each inner half shaft is respectively connected with each of the universal joints; one end of each of the sleeves Each of the outer half shafts is respectively disposed in the sleeve; each of the flexible axial compensation elastic members is disposed between each of the outer half shafts and each of the sleeves And a radial positioning device is disposed between each of the outer half shafts and each of the sleeves, and the other ends of the outer half shafts are respectively connected with the corresponding sun wheels; each of the power output end covers and An outer semi-axle tightening device for tightening the axially free ends of each of the outer semi-axles is further disposed between each of the outer half shafts.
  • the flexible axial compensation elastic member is a compression spring.
  • the outer half shaft tightening device is a top tightening block, and the top tightening block is disposed between the power output end cover and the outer half shaft.
  • each of the circumferential inner walls of the sleeve is uniformly distributed with a groove in a radial direction, and the outer side walls of each of the outer semi-axles are uniformly arranged with each groove Connected bumps.
  • each of the braking devices includes a brake disc and a brake caliper, and each of the brake discs is respectively fixed on a side of each of the hubs away from the power output end cover, each of the The brake calipers are respectively clamped and disposed on each of the brake disks.
  • each of the inner half shaft and each of the outer half shafts and the hinge position of each of the universal joints are mutually offset along the axial direction of the universal joint.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the excavator steering axle of the present invention, a flexible axial compensation limit device is arranged on the axial torque output end of the universal joint transmission; and the flexible axial compensation limit device is used
  • the sun gears in the wheel planetary reduction mechanism are always arranged in the same axial position as the planetary gear sets, so that they mesh with the transmission on the same shaft surface, and the hub moves up and down or the vehicle is vibrated in the axial direction of the sun gear and the planetary gears.
  • the position will be automatically compensated by the flexible axial compensation limit device; the same axis can generate an axial preload pressure to maintain the maximum torque of the planetary reducer output, avoiding the misalignment of the sun gear and the different axial planes of the planetary gear sets.
  • Improve output torque and reduce wear The invention combines the cooperation between the wheel planetary reduction mechanism and the universal joint transmission from a hard fit to a soft fit, thereby avoiding the steel contact and impact generated between the vibration of the wheel planetary reduction mechanism and the torque output end of the universal joint transmission, The service life of the planetary reduction mechanism and the universal joint mechanism is improved, the assembly process requirements of each part are reduced, and the damage to the wheel planetary reduction mechanism is eliminated to some extent, and noise is reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a partial structural schematic view of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention discloses an excavator steering axle comprising a axle housing 1, two brake devices, two hubs 2, a transmission device and a steering device.
  • the axle housing 1 extends substantially in the axial direction and has a hollow structure.
  • the transmission includes a final drive 3 (including a differential) and a universal transmission.
  • the final drive 3 is disposed in the middle of the inner side of the axle housing 1 for converting the radial torque input of the engine into an axial torque output.
  • Two brake devices are respectively disposed on the hub 2 at both ends of the axle housing 1 for controlling the rotation of the hub 2.
  • the two hubs 2 are rotatably disposed at two ends of the axle housing 1 through bearings 21, and the universal transmission is disposed in the steering knuckle 4, and the axial torque output of the final drive 3 is respectively transmitted to two rotations relative to the brake device.
  • the steering device 5 is disposed between the axle housing 1 and the two hubs 2, and controls the rotation angle of the two hubs 2 through the knuckle 4 to realize steering of the automobile.
  • the universal direction A wheel planetary reduction mechanism is respectively disposed between the transmission and the two hubs 2 .
  • Each of the wheel planetary reduction mechanisms includes a ring gear 71, a sun gear 72, a reduction planetary gear set, and a power output end cover 73, respectively.
  • the ring gears 71 are respectively fixed to the two ends of the axle housing 1 through a ring gear fixing bracket 76.
  • the sun gears 72 are respectively connected to the other ends of the outer half shafts 62 of the corresponding universal joints.
  • the groups are circumferentially rotatable along the corresponding ring gear 71 by interlocking with the corresponding sun gear 72, respectively.
  • Each of the reduction planetary gear sets is composed of three planetary gears 74 respectively fixed to corresponding power output end covers 73 via pins 75, and the power output end covers 73 are respectively fixed. On the side of each hub 2 -.
  • the axial torque output ends of the universal joint drives are respectively provided with flexible axial compensation limiting devices, and the flexible axial compensation limiting devices can keep the sun gears 72 and the planetary gear sets always in the same axial plane. Engage the drive.
  • Each of the flexible axial compensation limiting devices includes a flexible axial compensation elastic member 69.
  • the universal joint includes two inner half shafts 61, two sleeves 68, two outer half shafts 62 and two universal joints 63. One end of each inner half shaft 61 is connected to the axial torque output end of the final drive 3, and the other end of each inner half shaft 61 is connected to each of the universal joints 63.
  • each of the sleeves 68 is connected to each of the universal joints 63, and the outer half shafts 62 are respectively disposed in the sleeve 68 .
  • the flexible axial compensation elastic members 69 are disposed between the outer outer shafts 62 and the respective sleeves 68.
  • the outer outer shafts 62 and the sleeves 68 are further provided with radial positioning devices.
  • the other end of the outer half shaft 62 is connected to the corresponding sun gear 72, respectively.
  • a topping block 9 is further disposed between each of the power output end covers and each of the outer half shafts, and the top pressing block 9 is used to tighten the axial free ends of the outer half shafts.
  • the flexible axial compensation elastic member 69 in the present embodiment is a compression spring.
  • the flexible axial compensation elastic member can achieve the object of the present invention as long as it has an elastic elastic member.
  • the above-mentioned tightening block 9 can also be replaced by a top pin in practical applications, and the object of the invention can also be achieved.
  • the final drive converts the radial torque input of the engine into an axial torque output to each inner half shaft, and each inner half shaft transmits torque through the universal joint to each outer joint corresponding to the universal joint
  • the half shaft, the rotation of each outer half shaft respectively drives the fixed rotation of the sun wheel, and the rotation of each sun wheel respectively drives the reduction planetary gear set meshing with the transmission to rotate circumferentially along the ring gear, thereby driving the connection with each of the reduction planetary gear sets.
  • the power output end cover rotates, which in turn drives the hub that is fixedly coupled to each power output end cover to rotate, thereby driving the wheel fixedly coupled to the wheel hub to rotate.
  • the radial positioning device is: the circumferential inner wall of each bushing 68 is uniformly distributed with a groove in the radial direction (the end is shown in the figure)
  • the circumferential outer side walls of each of the outer half shafts 62 are respectively provided with protrusions (shown at the end) which are engaged with the respective grooves, and the radial positioning device ensures the output of the torque.
  • Each of the brake devices includes a brake disc 81 and a brake caliper 82, and the brake discs 81 are fixed to the side of each hub 2 away from the power output end cover 73.
  • the movable jaws 82 are respectively clamped and disposed on the brake discs 81.
  • the new type replaces the drum brake with a disc brake.
  • the disc brake has a long service life, a large braking torque, a sensitive and rapid braking reaction, and can improve the braking performance of the vehicle, and has relatively high safety.
  • the hinge positions of the inner half shafts 61 and the outer half shafts 62 and the respective universal joints 63 are mutually offset along the axial direction of the universal joint 63, so that the maximum rotation angle of the hub 2 reaches 40 degrees ⁇ , Can transmit torque smoothly.
  • the novel excavator steering axle is provided with a flexible axial compensation elastic member on the input end of the outer half shaft provided with the sun gear, and the flexible axial force is used to compensate the release pressure of the elastic member, so that the sun gears are
  • the planetary gear sets are always arranged in the same axial position and are meshed with the same shaft surface; the hub is moved up and down or the vehicle is vibrated. The axial position of the sun gear and the planet gears will be released by the flexible axial compensating elastic member.
  • the pressure is automatically compensated; the same axis can generate an axial pre-tightening pressure to maintain the maximum torque of the planetary reducer output, avoiding the misalignment of the sun wheel and the different axial planes of the planetary gear sets, thereby improving the output torque and reducing wear. Effect.
  • the invention combines the cooperation between the wheel planetary reduction mechanism and the universal joint transmission from a hard fit to a soft fit, thereby avoiding the steel contact and impact generated between the vibration of the wheel planetary reduction mechanism and the torque output end of the universal joint transmission, The service life of the planetary reduction mechanism and the universal joint mechanism is improved, the assembly process requirements of each part are reduced, and the damage to the wheel planetary reduction mechanism is eliminated to some extent, and noise is reduced.

Abstract

一种挖掘机转向驱动桥，包括桥壳（1）、两个制动装置、两个轮毂（2）、传动装置及转向装置（5）；传动装置包括主减速器（3）和万向传动，主减速器（3）设于桥壳（1）内侧中部；两个制动装置分别设于桥壳（1）两端的轮毂（2）上，两个轮毂（2）分别可转动地设于桥壳（1）两端；万向传动设于转向节（4）内，将主减速器（3）轴向扭矩分别输出传递至两可相对于制动装置转动的轮毂（2）上；转向装置（5）设于桥壳（1）与两轮毂（2）之间，万向传动的扭矩输出端与两轮毂（2）之间分别设有轮边行星减速机构，各万向传动的轴向扭矩输出端上分别设有柔性轴向补偿限位装置，柔性轴向补偿限位装置可使轮边行星减速机构的各太阳轮（72）与各行星齿轮组始终保持同一轴面啮合传动。该挖掘机转向驱动桥能提供轴向补偿定位与柔性轴向限位作用。

Description

说明书 发明名称：挖掘机转向驱动桥 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及车辆行走装置， 特别涉及一种挖掘机转向驱动桥。
背景技术
[0002] 挖掘机转向驱动前桥已为公知， 包括桥壳、 两个制动装置、 两个轮毂、 传动装 置及转向装置； 所述桥壳大致呈轴向延伸且为中空结构， 传动装置包括主减速 器 （包含差速器） 和万向传动两部分； 主减速器设于桥壳内侧中部， 用于把发 动机的径向扭矩输入转换为轴向扭矩输出； 两个制动装置分别设于桥壳两端所 述轮毂内侧， 两个轮毂分别可转动地设于桥壳两端； 万向传动设于转向节内， 将主减速器轴向扭矩输出传递至可相对于制动装置转动的轮毂上； 转向装置设 于桥壳与轮毂之间， 通过转向节来控制轮毂的转角， 以实现汽车的转向。 该种 转向驱动前桥主减速器一般采用整体式双级减速， 传动速比不大， 当要求有较 大的主传动比和较大的离地间隙吋， 则难以达到要求。
[0003] 为了解决上述技术问题， 中国专利号为： 201320051349.9公幵一种挖掘机转向 驱动前桥， 包括桥壳、 两个制动装置、 两个轮毂、 传动装置及转向装置； 所述 桥壳呈轴向延伸且为中空结构， 传动装置包括主减速器和万向传动两部分； 主 减速器设于桥壳内侧中部， 用于把发动机的径向扭矩输入转换为轴向扭矩输出 ； 两个制动装置分别设于桥壳两端的轮毂上， 用于控制轮毂的转动； 两个轮毂 分别可转动地设于桥壳两端， 万向传动设于转向节内将主减速器轴向扭矩分别 输出传递至两可相对于制动装置转动的轮毂上； 转向装置设于桥壳与两轮毂之 间， 通过转向节来控制两轮毂的转角， 以实现汽车的转向； 所述万向传动与两 轮毂之间分别设有轮边行星减速机构， 所述各轮边行星减速机构分别包括齿圈 、 太阳轮、 减速行星齿轮组及动力输出端盖； 所述各齿圈分别固定在桥壳两端 ， 所述各太阳轮分别与万向传动的各轴向扭矩输出端相连， 所述各减速行星齿 轮组分别通过与相对应太阳轮的相啮合连动可沿相对应的齿圈做圆周转动， 所 述各减速行星齿轮组分别通过销轴固定在相对应的动力输出端盖上， 所述各动 力输出端盖分别固定在各轮毂一侧。 该驱动桥的轮边行星减速机构把主减速器 传递的扭矩经过其降速增扭后， 再传递到装在轮毂上的车轮， 使车轮在地面附 着力的反作用下， 产生较大的驱动力； 轮边行星减速机构不仅能使驱动桥中主 减速器的尺寸减小， 还能保证足够的离地间隙， 而且可以得到较大的驱动桥总 传动比。 该驱动前桥在实际使用吋， 对各行星齿轮组与太阳轮之间的同轴面咬 合配合精度要求十分高， 上述轮边行星减速机构与万向传动输出端之间的轴向 定位均采用钢性定位； 车辆在行驶过程中， 轮毂会产生上下左右的窜动， 长期 使用影响行星减速机构的定位， 易出现太阳轮与各行星齿轮组不同轴面错位啮 合的现象， 从而降低行星减速机构的传动扭力及使用寿命； 而且轮边行星减速 机构受振动吋与万向传动扭矩输出端之间产生的轴向钢性接触与冲击， 也会影 响行星减速机构及万向传动机构的使用寿命， 产生噪音。
技术问题
[0004] 车辆在行驶过程中， 轮毂会产生上下左右的窜动， 长期使用影响行星减速机构 的定位， 易出现太阳轮与各行星齿轮组不同轴面错位啮合的现象， 从而降低行 星减速机构的传动扭力及使用寿命； 而且轮边行星减速机构受振动吋与万向传 动扭矩输出端之间产生的轴向钢性接触与冲击， 也会影响行星减速机构及万向 传动机构的使用寿命， 产生噪音。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0005] 本发明所采用的技术方案是这样的： 挖掘机转向驱动桥， 包括桥壳、 两个制动 装置、 两个轮毂、 传动装置、 转向节及转向装置； 所述桥壳呈轴向延伸且为中 空结构， 所述传动装置包括主减速器和万向传动两部分； 所述主减速器设于所 述桥壳内侧中部， 用于将发动机的径向扭矩输入转换为轴向扭矩输出； 两个所 述制动装置分别设于所述桥壳两端的所述轮毂上， 用于控制所述轮毂的转动； 两个所述轮毂分别可转动地设于所述桥壳两端； 所述万向传动设于所述转向节 内， 将所述主减速器轴向扭矩分别输出传递至两可相对于所述制动装置转动的 所述轮毂上； 所述转向装置设于所述桥壳与两所述轮毂之间， 通过所述转向节 来控制两所述轮毂的转角， 以实现汽车的转向； 所述万向传动的扭矩输出端与 两轮毂之间分别设有轮边行星减速机构， 各所述轮边行星减速机构分别包括齿 圈、 太阳轮、 减速行星齿轮组及动力输出端盖； 各所述齿圈分别固定在所述桥 壳两端， 各所述太阳轮分别与所述万向传动的各轴向扭矩输出端相连； 各所述 减速行星齿轮组分别通过与相对应所述太阳轮的相啮合连动， 可沿相对应的所 述齿圈做圆周转动； 各所述减速行星齿轮组分别通过销轴固定在相对应的所述 动力输出端盖上， 各所述动力输出端盖分别固定在各所述轮毂一侧； 其中： 各 所述万向传动的轴向扭矩输出端上分别设有可使各所述太阳轮与各所述行星齿 轮组始终保持同一轴面啮合传动的柔性轴向补偿限位装置。
[0006] 进一步改进的是： 各所述柔性轴向补偿限位装置分别包括柔性轴向补偿弹性件 ； 所述万向传动包括两内半轴、 两万向节、 两轴套及两外半轴； 各所述内半轴 的一端分别与所述主减速器轴向扭矩输出端连接， 各所述内半轴的另一端分别 与各所述万向节连接； 各所述轴套的一端分别与各所述万向节连接， 各所述外 半轴分别设于所述轴套内； 各所述柔性轴向补偿弹性件设于各所述外半轴与各 所述轴套之间， 各所述外半轴与各所述轴套之间还设有径向定位装置， 各所述 外半轴另一端分别与相对应的所述太阳轮连接； 各所述动力输出端盖与各所述 外半轴之间还设有用于顶紧各所述外半轴轴向自由端的外半轴顶紧装置。
[0007] 进一步改进的是： 所述柔性轴向补偿弹性件为压紧弹簧。
[0008] 进一步改进的是： ： 所述外半轴顶紧装置为顶紧块， 所述顶紧块设于所述动力 输出端盖与所述外半轴之间。
[0009] 进一步改进的是： 所述径向定位装置为： 各所述轴套圆周内壁沿径向均布有凹 槽， 各所述外半轴圆周外侧壁均布有与各凹槽相卡合连接的凸起。
[0010] 进一步改进的是： 各所述制动装置分别包括刹车盘及制动钳， 各所述刹车盘分 别固设于各所述轮毂远离所述动力输出端盖的一侧， 各所述制动钳分别可夹持 的设于各所述刹车盘上。
[0011] 进一步改进的是： 各所述内半轴和各所述外半轴分别与各所述万向节的铰接位 置沿所述万向节的轴向相互错幵。
发明的有益效果
有益效果 [0012] 本发明的有益效果是： 本新型挖掘机转向驱动桥， 在所述万向传动的轴向扭矩 输出端上设有柔性轴向补偿限位装置； 利用柔性轴向补偿限位装置使轮边行星 减速机构里的各太阳轮与各行星齿轮组始终保持在同一轴向位置排列， 使其在 同一轴面啮合传动， 轮毂上下幅动吋或车辆受振吋太阳轮和行星齿轮的轴向位 置将由柔性轴向补偿限位装置自动补偿； 同吋可产生一个轴向预紧压力， 保持 行星减速器输出最大的扭力， 避免出现太阳轮与各行星齿轮组不同轴面错位啮 合的现象， 达到提高输出扭力， 减少磨损的效果。 本发明将轮边行星减速机构 与万向传动之间的配合由硬配合改为软配合， 避免了轮边行星减速机构受振吋 与万向传动扭矩输出端之间产生的钢性接触与冲击， 提高了行星减速机构及万 向传动机构的使用寿命， 降低了各部的装配工艺要求， 一定程度上消除了外界 对轮边行星减速机构的破坏， 减少噪音。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0013] 图 1是本发明实施例立体图。
[0014] 图 2是本发明实施例主视图。
[0015] 图 3是本发明实施例局部结构示意图。
[0016] 图 4是本发明实施例剖视图。
实施该发明的最佳实施例
本发明的最佳实施方式
[0017] 以下结合附图和具体实施方式来进一步说明本发明。
[0018] 如图 1至图 4， 本发明公幵一种挖掘机转向驱动桥， 包括桥壳 1、 两个制动装置 、 两个轮毂 2、 传动装置及转向装置。 所述桥壳 1大致呈轴向延伸且为中空结构 ， 传动装置包括主减速器 3(包含差速器)和万向传动两部分。 主减速器 3设于桥壳 1内侧中部， 用于把发动机的径向扭矩输入转换为轴向扭矩输出。 两个制动装置 分别设于桥壳 1两端的轮毂 2上， 用于控制轮毂 2的转动。 两个轮毂 2分别通过轴 承 21可转动地设于桥壳 1两端， 万向传动设于转向节 4内， 将主减速器 3轴向扭矩 分别输出传递至两可相对于制动装置转动的轮毂 2上。 转向装置 5设于桥壳 1与两 轮毂 2之间， 通过转向节 4来控制两轮毂 2的转角， 以实现汽车的转向。 所述万向 传动与两轮毂 2之间分别设有轮边行星减速机构。
[0019] 所述各轮边行星减速机构分别包括齿圈 71、 太阳轮 72、 减速行星齿轮组及动力 输出端盖 73。 所述各齿圈 71分别通过齿圈固定架 76固定在桥壳 1两端， 所述各太 阳轮 72分别与相对应万向传动的外半轴 62的另一端相连， 所述各减速行星齿轮 组分别通过与相对应太阳轮 72的相啮合连动可沿相对应的齿圈 71做圆周转动。 所述各减速行星齿轮组分别由三个行星齿轮 74组成， 所述三个行星齿轮 74分别 通过销轴 75固定在相对应的动力输出端盖 73上， 所述各动力输出端盖 73分别固 定在各轮毂 2—侧。
[0020] 所述各万向传动的轴向扭矩输出端上分别设有柔性轴向补偿限位装置， 柔性轴 向补偿限位装置可使各太阳轮 72与各行星齿轮组始终保持同一轴面啮合传动。 所述各柔性轴向补偿限位装置分别包括柔性轴向补偿弹性件 69。 所述万向传动 包括两内半轴 61、 两轴套 68、 两外半轴 62及两万向节 63。 各内半轴 61的一端分 别与主减速器 3轴向扭矩输出端连接， 所述各内半轴 61的另一端分别与各万向节 63连接。 所述各轴套 68的一端分别与各万向节 63连接， 所述各外半轴 62分别设 于轴套 68内。 所述各柔性轴向补偿弹性件 69设于各外半轴 62与各轴套 68之间， 所述各外半轴 62与各轴套 68之间还设有径向定位装置， 所述各外半轴 62另一端 分别与相对应的太阳轮 72连接。 所述各动力输出端盖与各外半轴之间还设有顶 紧块 9， 顶紧块 9用于顶紧各外半轴轴向自由端。 本实用施例中的柔性轴向补偿 弹性件 69为压紧弹簧， 实际应用吋， 该柔性轴向补偿弹性件只要是具有弹性的 弹性件就可以实现本发明目的。 上述顶紧块 9在实际应用中也可以由顶紧销来替 代， 同样可以实现本发明的目的。
[0021] 工作吋， 主减速器把发动机的径向扭矩输入转换为轴向扭矩输出至各内半轴， 各内半轴把扭矩通过万向节传递至与万向节相对应连接的各外半轴， 各外半轴 的转动分别带动与其固定连接太阳轮转动， 各太阳轮的转动分别带动与其啮合 传动的减速行星齿轮组沿齿圈做圆周转动， 从而带动与各减速行星齿轮组连接 的动力输出端盖转动， 继而带动与各动力输出端盖固定连接的轮毂转动， 进而 驱动与轮毂固定连接的车轮进行转动。
[0022] 所述径向定位装置为： 所述各轴套 68圆周内壁沿径向均布有凹槽 （图中末示出 ) ， 所述各外半轴 62圆周外侧壁均布有与各凹槽相卡合连接的凸起 （图中末示 出） ， 该径向定位装置保证了扭矩的输出。
[0023] 所述各制动装置分别包括刹车盘 81及制动钳 82， 所述各刹车盘 81分、别固设于 各轮毂 2远离动力输出端盖 73的那一侧， 所述各制动钳 82分别可夹持的设于各刹 车盘 81上。 本新型用盘式制动器替换鼓式制动器， 盘式制动器使用寿命长、 制 动力矩大、 制动反应灵敏且迅速， 可提高整车的制动性能， 相对安全性高。
[0024] 所述各内半轴 61和各外半轴 62分别与各万向节 63的铰接位置沿万向节 63的轴向 相互错幵， 使得轮毂 2的最大转角达到 40度吋， 仍能顺利传递扭矩。
[0025] 本新型挖掘机转向驱动桥， 在设有太阳轮的外半轴的输入端上设有柔性轴向补 偿弹性件， 利用柔性轴向补偿弹性件的释放的压力， 使各太阳轮与各行星齿轮 组始终保持在同一轴向位置排列， 并使其在同一轴面啮合传动； 轮毂上下幅动 吋或车辆受振吋太阳轮和行星齿轮的轴向位置将由柔性轴向补偿弹性件释放出 的压力自动补偿； 同吋可产生一个轴向预紧压力， 保持行星减速器输出最大的 扭力， 避免出现太阳轮与各行星齿轮组不同轴面错位啮合的现象， 达到提高输 出扭力， 减少磨损的效果。 本发明将轮边行星减速机构与万向传动之间的配合 由硬配合改为软配合， 避免了轮边行星减速机构受振吋与万向传动扭矩输出端 之间产生的钢性接触与冲击， 提高了行星减速机构及万向传动机构的使用寿命 ， 降低了各部的装配工艺要求， 一定程度上消除了外界对轮边行星减速机构的 破坏， 减少噪音。

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 挖掘机转向驱动桥， 包括桥壳、 两个制动装置、 两个轮毂、 传动装置
、 转向节及转向装置； 所述桥壳呈轴向延伸且为中空结构， 所述传动 装置包括主减速器和万向传动两部分； 所述主减速器设于所述桥壳内 侧中部， 用于将发动机的径向扭矩输入转换为轴向扭矩输出； 两个所 述制动装置分别设于所述桥壳两端的所述轮毂上， 用于控制所述轮毂 的转动； 两个所述轮毂分别可转动地设于所述桥壳两端； 所述万向传 动设于所述转向节内， 将所述主减速器轴向扭矩分别输出传递至两可 相对于所述制动装置转动的所述轮毂上； 所述转向装置设于所述桥壳 与两所述轮毂之间， 通过所述转向节来控制两所述轮毂的转角， 以实 现汽车的转向； 所述万向传动的扭矩输出端与两轮毂之间分别设有轮 边行星减速机构， 各所述轮边行星减速机构分别包括齿圈、 太阳轮、 减速行星齿轮组及动力输出端盖； 各所述齿圈分别固定在所述桥壳两 端， 各所述太阳轮分别与所述万向传动的各轴向扭矩输出端相连； 各 所述减速行星齿轮组分别通过与相对应所述太阳轮的相啮合连动， 可 沿相对应的所述齿圈做圆周转动； 各所述减速行星齿轮组分别通过销 轴固定在相对应的所述动力输出端盖上， 各所述动力输出端盖分别固 定在各所述轮毂一侧； 其特征在于： 各所述万向传动的轴向扭矩输出 端上分别设有可使各所述太阳轮与各所述行星齿轮组始终保持同一轴 面啮合传动的柔性轴向补偿限位装置。
[权利要求 2] 各所述柔性轴向补偿限位装置分别包括柔性轴向补偿弹性件； 所述万 向传动包括两内半轴、 两万向节、 两轴套及两外半轴； 各所述内半轴 的一端分别与所述主减速器轴向扭矩输出端连接， 各所述内半轴的另 一端分别与各所述万向节连接； 各所述轴套的一端分别与各所述万向 节连接， 各所述外半轴分别设于所述轴套内； 各所述柔性轴向补偿弹 性件设于各所述外半轴与各所述轴套之间， 各所述外半轴与各所述轴 套之间还设有径向定位装置， 各所述外半轴另一端分别与相对应的所 述太阳轮连接； 各所述动力输出端盖与各所述外半轴之间还设有用于 顶紧各所述外半轴轴向自由端的外半轴顶紧装置。
[权利要求 3] 根据权利要求 2所述的挖掘机转向驱动桥， 其特征在于： 所述柔性轴 向补偿弹性件为压紧弹簧。
[权利要求 4] 根据权利要求 2所述的挖掘机转向驱动桥， 其特征在于： 所述外半轴 顶紧装置为顶紧块， 所述顶紧块设于所述动力输出端盖与所述外半轴 之间。
[权利要求 5] 根据权利要求 2所述挖掘机转向驱动桥， 其特征在于： 所述径向定位 装置为： 各所述轴套圆周内壁沿径向均布有凹槽， 各所述外半轴圆周 外侧壁均布有与各凹槽相卡合连接的凸起。
[权利要求 6] 根据权利要求 1至 5任一权利要求所述的挖掘机转向驱动桥， 其特征在 于： 各所述制动装置分别包括刹车盘及制动钳， 各所述刹车盘分别固 设于各所述轮毂远离所述动力输出端盖的一侧， 各所述制动钳分别可 夹持的设于各所述刹车盘上。
[权利要求 7] 根据权利要求 2至 5任一权利要求所述的挖掘机转向驱动桥， 其特征在 于： 各所述内半轴和各所述外半轴分别与各所述万向节的铰接位置沿 所述万向节的轴向相互错幵。
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