WO2017166434A1 - 一种中间传动的深旋耕装置 - Google Patents

一种中间传动的深旋耕装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017166434A1
WO2017166434A1 PCT/CN2016/085232 CN2016085232W WO2017166434A1 WO 2017166434 A1 WO2017166434 A1 WO 2017166434A1 CN 2016085232 W CN2016085232 W CN 2016085232W WO 2017166434 A1 WO2017166434 A1 WO 2017166434A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cutter
seat
pin
drive
gearbox
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PCT/CN2016/085232
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
唐余圩
徐浩
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江苏新岛机械有限公司
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Publication of WO2017166434A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017166434A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B33/00—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs
    • A01B33/02—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs with tools on horizontal shaft transverse to direction of travel
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B33/00—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs
    • A01B33/02—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs with tools on horizontal shaft transverse to direction of travel
    • A01B33/021—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs with tools on horizontal shaft transverse to direction of travel with rigid tools
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B33/00—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs
    • A01B33/08—Tools; Details, e.g. adaptations of transmissions or gearings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B33/00—Tilling implements with rotary driven tools, e.g. in combination with fertiliser distributors or seeders, with grubbing chains, with sloping axles, with driven discs
    • A01B33/08—Tools; Details, e.g. adaptations of transmissions or gearings
    • A01B33/10—Structural or functional features of the tools ; Theoretical aspects of the cutting action

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of rotary tillers, and in particular relates to an intermediate drive deep rotary tilling device.
  • Rotary tiller is a tilling machine that is equipped with tractors to complete ploughing and hoeing operations. Because of its strong ability to break soil and flat surface after ploughing, it has been widely used. At the same time, it can cut the roots buried below the surface to facilitate the operation of the planter and provide a good seed bed for later seeding.
  • rotary tillers mainly include side drive rotary tillers and intermediate drive rotary tillers.
  • the side drive rotary tiller has a long and tortuous transmission path, complex structure, and the torque difference between the two ends of the cutter shaft is very different, and the center of gravity deviates from the center line of the unit for unfavorable operation and balance.
  • the central transmission type rotary tiller has the characteristics of simple structure, centered center, and balanced torque at both ends of the cutter shaft, which has been widely used in China.
  • the existing central drive rotary tiller generally has a depth of 14cm, which can not meet the requirements of deep ploughing and burying; the soil layer in the lower part of the transmission gearbox cannot be cultivated, and the stagnation of the soil in this part is serious, which not only greatly affects the quality of work. And become the main obstacle to the deep tillage of rotary tillers.
  • the present invention provides an intermediate drive deep rotary tilling device, which can use the device to cut and throw the soil at the bottom of the gearbox. Increase the depth of rotary tillage to meet the agronomic requirements of deep rotary tillage.
  • the present invention achieves the above technical objects by the following technical means.
  • An intermediate drive deep rotary tilling device comprising a frame, a hanging frame, a gearbox, an intermediate transmission shaft, a cutter shaft joint, a tilting seat, a cutter head bearing and a driving pin; the beam of the frame is fixedly connected to the hanging machine And a gearbox; a cutter shaft joint is respectively connected to two sides of the intermediate drive shaft at the bottom of the gearbox, and the cutter shaft joint is respectively connected with a knife roll; the two sides of the bottom of the gearbox are respectively fixedly connected with the tilt seat; a power pin seat is disposed between the front end of the joint and the inclined seat; a cutter bearing is disposed between the power pin seat and the inclined seat; a front side wall of the cutter shaft joint is provided with a rectangular groove; one end of the drive pin is located a pin hole in the power pin seat, the other end is located in a rectangular slot; the outer side of the power pin seat is fixedly connected with the oblique cutter disc; the oblique cutter disc is fixed with a bevel cutter; and the cutter
  • the gearbox is located above the middle of the beam, and the hanging frame is located at two sides of the gearbox; a spline connection is between the knife shaft joint and the intermediate transmission shaft; Welding; the oblique cutter disc is provided with 2-10 bevel cutters in the circumferential direction, the chamfer cutter openings are all facing the gearbox; the cutter roller is fixed with 5-10 straight
  • the cutter head has 2-10 straight cutters fixed in the circumferential direction on the straight cutter disc, and the adjacent straight cutters have opposite opening directions.
  • the oblique cutter disc is uniformly provided with 4-8 bevel cutters in the circumferential direction; the cutter roller is uniformly fixed with 5-8 straight cutter discs in the axial direction, and the straight cutter disc is circumferentially Evenly with 4-8 straight cutters.
  • the inner ring of the cutter bearing is mounted on the outer wall surface of the power pin seat, and the outer ring of the cutter bearing and the inner wall surface of the inclined seat are an interference fit.
  • a first annular groove is formed on a side of the outer wall surface of the power pin seat adjacent to the oblique cutter disk, and a second annular groove is opened on a side of the inclined seat adjacent to the oblique cutter disk; an inner ring of the cutter bearing Located in the first annular groove, the outer ring is located in the second annular groove.
  • the inclined seat is an inner hollow disk without a cover, the bottom surface thereof is parallel to the vertical plane, and the top surface and the vertical plane form an acute angle ⁇ ;
  • the power pin seat is a torus, the power pin The seat is evenly provided with 4-8 pin holes in the circumferential direction.
  • the top surface of the inclined seat forms an acute angle ⁇ of 3-15° with the vertical plane; the maximum axial distance of the two bevel cutters corresponding to the two sides below the intermediate transmission shaft does not exceed 5cm.
  • a gap of 0.05-0.1 mm is left between the driving pin and the pin hole; the material of the driving pin is 20CrMnTi.
  • one end of the driving pin in contact with the rectangular groove is hemispherical.
  • L 1 is the length of the rectangular slot
  • L 2 is the length of the driving pin
  • r is the radius of the driving pin.
  • ⁇ is an acute angle.
  • phase angle difference between the bevel cutters on both sides of the gearbox is 0-30°.
  • a connecting seat is arranged outside the cutter roller end; the upper end of the connecting seat is fixed to the end of the vertical beam of the frame; the outer side of the connecting seat is mounted with a cover; and the connecting seat and the knife roller are mounted with a knife Rolling bearings.
  • An intermediate-drive deep rotary tilling device wherein a beveling device is disposed on both sides of the intermediate transmission shaft of the gearbox, and the soil layer at the bottom of the gearbox of the rotary tiller is cut through the beveling device and Throw out; avoid the interference between the gearbox and the ground surface, lower the bottom of the gearbox below the surface, improve the depth of rotary tillage, and adapt to the requirements of deep rotary tillage; the overall structure of the device is compact and reasonable.
  • the lateral micro-frequency vibration is used to accelerate the micro-crack propagation speed of the cut soil, which is beneficial to the cutting and destruction of the soil.
  • the effect of the soil is to meet the requirements of no ploughing and no ploughing, so that the gearbox sinks, the depth of rotary tillage is increased, and the depth of the ploughing is realized.
  • the phase angle difference between the beveling knives on both sides of the gearbox is 0-30°, which avoids the bending excitation frequency of the tool in the vertical axial direction of the cleaver to the tool axis. Earth reduces the vibration of the machine.
  • the power pin seat is evenly provided with 4-8 drive pins in the circumferential direction, and the end of the drive pin in contact with the rectangular groove is hemispherical to strengthen the power transmission between the intermediate drive shaft and the power pin seat, so that When the driving pin swings in the rectangular slot, the rectangular slot will not be put out, and the swinging process will be smoother; the original knife roller end and the frame are directly connected to the outside of the knife roller end, and the knife roller bearing, the connecting seat, etc. are provided. It can further sink the gearbox and increase the depth of the rotary tillage.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an intermediate transmission deep rotary tilling device according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged view of a portion A in Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of the power pin holder.
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged view of a portion B in Figure 1.
  • an intermediate drive deep rotary tilling device comprises a frame 1, a hanging frame 2, a gearbox 3, an intermediate transmission shaft 4, a cutter shaft joint 5, a tilting seat 6, a cutter head bearing 7 and a transmission. Pin 8.
  • a gearbox 3 is fixed to the upper middle of the beam 101 of the frame 1, and a hanging frame 2 is fixed to the beam 101 at both ends of the gearbox 3.
  • a cutter shaft joint 5 is respectively connected to both sides of the intermediate transmission shaft 4 at the bottom of the gearbox 3.
  • the other end of the cutter shaft joint 5 is respectively welded with a knife roll 12, which can not only drive the knife roll by welding. Rotating for tillage and avoiding the use of other joints to join, thus reducing the phenomenon of knife entanglement.
  • the bottom sides of the bottom of the gearbox 3 are respectively bolted to an inclined seat 6; the bottom surface of the inclined seat 6 is parallel to the vertical plane, and the top surface of the inclined seat 6 is at an acute angle ⁇ with the vertical plane, and the value of ⁇ is 3 -15°, the tilting seat 6 as a whole is a hollow disc without a top cover.
  • a power pin seat 9 is disposed between the front end of the arbor joint 5 and the slanting seat 6; as shown in FIG. 3, the power pin seat 9 is an annular body, and the power pin seat 9 is evenly opened in the circumferential direction. 4-8 pin holes 901; a first annular groove 902 is formed on a side of the outer wall surface of the power pin holder 9 adjacent to the skewer disk 10. A second annular groove 601 is defined in a side of the inclined seat 6 adjacent to the inclined cutter disk 10; an inner ring of the cutter bearing 7 is located in the first annular groove 902, and an outer ring is located in the second annular groove 601.
  • the cutter head bearing 7 is mounted to prevent its axial movement; the power pin seat 9 is located parallel to the top surface of the tilting seat 6 to effect the inclined mounting of the bevel cutter 10.
  • the front end side wall of the cutter shaft joint 5 is provided with a rectangular groove 501; the pin hole 901 is provided with a driving pin 8; one end of the driving pin 8 is located in the rectangular groove 501; due to the driving pin 8 and the rectangular groove 501
  • the precision of the matching is high, so the material used must have good processability, that is, the processing deformation is small; the driving pin 8 is subjected to periodic stress during the transmission process, so its anti-fatigue performance must be quite good, so the material of the driving pin 8 is selected as 20CrMnTi. .
  • One end of the driving pin 8 in contact with the rectangular groove 501 is hemispherical, and the line contact (lower pair) of the conventional pin and the rectangular groove 501 is changed into a point contact (high pair), which can swing the driving pin 8 during the transmission.
  • the process is smoother.
  • the rectangular slot 501 length L 1 is the relationship between the drive pins 8 and the length L 2 L 1> L 2 sin ⁇ + 2r / cos ⁇ , where L 1 is a rectangular slot length, L 2 is the length of the drive pin, r is the radius of the drive pin, ⁇ is an acute angle; when the rectangular slot 501 is too short, the driving pin 8 may swing out of the rectangular slot 501 and cannot realize the transmission; when the rectangular slot 501 is too long, the axial span of the oblique cutting device is too long, thereby affecting the cutting The effect of the middle soil.
  • the drive pin has a diameter of 12 mm, a length of 33 mm, and a rectangular slot length of 22 mm.
  • the top end of the power pin holder 9 is bolted to the bevel disk 10; the bevel disk 10 is bolted 4-6 to the beveling blade 11, the beveling blade 11 is evenly distributed and the opening is directed toward the gearbox 3;
  • the acute angle ⁇ between the top surface of the 6 and the vertical plane is 3-15°, that is, the oblique angle 11 of the beveling blade 11 on the inclined cutter head 10 and the vertical plane is 3-15°, and the intermediate transmission is adjusted.
  • the maximum axial distance between the two bevel cutters 11 corresponding to the two sides of the lower side of the shaft 4 is not more than 5 cm, and the clearance between the transmission pin and the pin hole is 0.05-0.1 mm, so that the bevel cutter does not rotate when it is rotated to the upper portion.
  • Collision gearbox do not collide with the tool tip when turning to the lower part, digging the soil at the bottom of the gearbox and throwing it to both sides, through the lateral micro-frequency high-frequency vibration, the micro-crack expansion speed of the cut soil is accelerated, which is beneficial to the soil.
  • the cutting damage achieve good soil-breaking effect, meet the requirements of no ploughing and no ploughing, make the gearbox sink, improve the depth of rotary tillage, and achieve large ploughing depth. If the gap is too small, the amplitude of the vibration is not enough to cause cracks in the cut soil; if the gap is too large, the vibration amplitude during the transmission process is too large, and the transmission is unstable and noise is generated.
  • the phase angle difference between the beveling cutters on both sides of the gearbox is 0-30°, and when the phase angle is greater than 30°, the beveling blades 11 on the left and right sides have a long cutting distance, and the length of the soil is formed. Long, can not achieve good soil-breaking effect, here is preferred when the phase angle is 15 °, and at the same time avoiding the bending excitation frequency of the cutter shaft to the vertical axis of the cutter axis to the cutter shaft, which will greatly Reduce the vibration of the machine.
  • straight cutter heads 14 are fixed on the knife roll 12; 4-8 straight cutters 13 are fixed on the straight cutter head 14; the openings of the adjacent straight cutters 13 are oppositely arranged, and are alternately arranged in order.
  • the cross section of the knife roll 12 is annular, the inner diameter is 40-80 mm, the outer diameter is 50-90 mm, and the materials are all 20 steel; the outer end of the knife roll 12 is provided.
  • a connecting seat 15 an upper end of the connecting seat 15 is fixed to an end of the vertical beam 102 of the frame 1; a cover 16 is mounted outside the connecting seat 15; a knife roller bearing 17 is mounted between the connecting seat 15 and the knife roll 12 Compared with the prior art, the knife roll 12 and the frame 1 are directly connected, and the gearbox 3 is further sunk, thereby achieving the purpose of deep tillage.
  • the output shaft of the tractor passes the power into the gearbox 3 through the universal joint, and the gearbox 3 transmits power to the intermediate transmission shaft 4, and then the intermediate transmission shaft 4 will be powered.
  • the drive transmission pin 8 rotates and performs a 2 ⁇ angular swing in the rectangular groove 501 of the arbor joint 5, and the drive pin 8 passes through the pin hole 901 of the power pin holder 9, thus The power is transmitted to the power pin holder 9. Since the power pin holder 9 and the skew cutter head 10 are fixed, the eccentric rotation of the swash plate 10 is realized, and the beveling blade 11 mounted on the swash plate 10 is also rotated at an off angle.
  • the gearbox 3 When the beveling knife 11 is turned to the upper part, the gearbox 3 is not hit, and when the lower part is turned to the lower part, the soil at the bottom of the right side of the gearbox 3 can be dug and thrown to both sides, thereby realizing the intermediate earthmoving operation and making the rotary tilling
  • the gearbox 3 sinks and increases the depth of the rotary tillage.
  • the cutter shaft joint 5 drives the cutter roller 12 to rotate to realize rotary tillage.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)

Abstract

一种中间传动的深旋耕装置，包括机架（1）、挂机架（2）、变速箱（3）、中间传动轴（4）、刀轴接头（5）、倾斜座（6）、刀盘轴承（7）和传动销（8）。机架的横梁（101）固定连接挂机架和变速箱，变速箱底部的中间传动轴两侧连接刀轴接头，刀轴接头连接有刀滚（12），变速箱底部两侧固定连接倾斜座，刀轴接头前端和倾斜座之间设有动力销座（9），动力销座和倾斜座之间设有刀盘轴承，刀轴接头的前端侧壁开有矩形槽（501），传动销的一端位于动力销座上的销孔（901）内，另一端位于矩形槽内，动力销座外侧面固定连接斜刀盘（10），斜刀盘上固定有斜切刀（11），刀滚上固定有直刀盘（14），直刀盘上固定有直切刀（13），刀滚末端固定在机架两端的竖梁（102）上。该装置能够将变速箱底部土壤挖切抛出，提高旋耕深度，适应深旋耕的农艺要求。

Description

一种中间传动的深旋耕装置 技术领域
本发明属于旋耕机领域，尤其是涉及一种中间传动的深旋耕装置。
背景技术
旋耕机是与拖拉机配套完成耕、耙作业的耕耘机械。因其具有碎土能力强、耕后地表平坦等特点，而得到了广泛的应用；同时能够切碎埋在地表以下的根茬，便于播种机作业，为后期播种提供良好种床。目前旋耕机主要有侧传动旋耕机和中间传动旋耕机。侧传动旋耕机其传动路线长而曲折，构造复杂，刀轴两端扭矩相差悬殊，重心偏离机组中心线不利操作和平衡。而中央传动式旋耕机具有结构简单，中心居中，刀轴两端扭矩均衡等特点，从而在我国得到了大量的推广使用。但现有中央传动旋耕机耕深一般为14cm，满足不了深耕埋茬的要求；其中间传动齿轮箱下部土层无法耕除，同时该部位雍土缠草现象严重，这不仅大大影响了作业质量，而且成为旋耕机深耕的主要障碍。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在无法满足深耕需求、齿轮箱下部土层无法耕除等不足，本发明提供了一种中间传动的深旋耕装置，利用该装置能够将变速箱底部土壤挖切抛出，提高旋耕深度，以适应深旋耕的农艺要求。
本发明是通过以下技术手段实现上述技术目的的。
一种中间传动的深旋耕装置，包括机架、挂机架、变速箱、中间传动轴、刀轴接头、倾斜座、刀盘轴承和传动销；所述机架的横梁上固定连接挂机架和变速箱；所述变速箱底部的中间传动轴两侧分别连接刀轴接头，所述刀轴接头分别连接有刀滚；所述变速箱底部两侧分别固定连接倾斜座；所述刀轴接头前端和倾斜座之间设有动力销座；所述动力销座和倾斜座之间设有刀盘轴承；所述刀轴接头的前端侧壁开有矩形槽；所述传动销的一端位于动力销座上的销孔内，另一端位于矩形槽内；所述动力销座外侧面固定连接斜刀盘；所述斜刀盘上固定有斜切刀；所述刀滚上固定有直刀盘；所述直刀盘上固定有直切刀；所述刀滚末端固定在机架两端的竖梁上。
进一步的，所述变速箱位于横梁中间上方，所述挂机架位于变速箱两侧；所述刀轴接头和中间传动轴之间为花键连接；所述刀滚和刀轴接头之间为焊接；所述斜刀盘沿圆周方向设有2-10把斜切刀，所述斜切刀开口均朝向变速箱；所述刀滚上固定有5-10把直 刀盘，所述直刀盘上沿圆周方向固定有2-10把直切刀，相邻直切刀的开口方向相反。
进一步的，所述斜刀盘沿圆周方向均匀设有4-8把斜切刀；所述刀滚上沿轴向均匀固定有5-8把直刀盘，所述直刀盘上沿圆周方向均匀设有4-8把直切刀。
进一步的，所述刀盘轴承的内圈安装在动力销座外壁面上，刀盘轴承的外圈和倾斜座的内壁面为过盈配合。
进一步的，所述动力销座外壁面靠近斜刀盘的一侧开有第一环形槽，所述倾斜座靠近斜刀盘的一侧开有第二环形槽；所述刀盘轴承的内圈位于第一环形槽内，外圈位于第二环形槽内。
进一步的，所述倾斜座为无顶盖的内部中空圆盘，其底面和竖直平面平行，顶面和竖直平面成锐角角度α；所述动力销座为圆环体，所述动力销座沿圆周方向均匀设有4-8个销孔。
进一步的，所述倾斜座的顶面与竖直平面所成锐角角度α为3-15°；所述中间传动轴下方两侧相对应的两个斜切刀的刀尖最大轴向距离不超过5cm。
进一步的，所述传动销与销孔之间留有0.05-0.1mm间隙；所述传动销的材料为20CrMnTi。
进一步的，所述传动销与矩形槽相接触的一端为半球形。
进一步的，所述矩形槽长度L1与传动销长度L2的关系为L1>L2sinα+2r/cosα，其中L1为矩形槽长度，L2为传动销长度，r为传动销半径，α为锐角角度。
进一步的，所述变速箱两侧的斜切刀之间的相位角差为0-30°。
进一步的，所述刀滚末端外侧设有连接座；所述连接座上端固定在机架的竖梁末端；所述连接座外侧安装有封盖；所述连接座和刀滚之间安装有刀滚轴承。
本发明的有益效果：
(1)本发明所述的一种中间传动的深旋耕装置，在变速箱的中间传动轴两侧设置斜切装置，通过该斜切装置将旋耕机变速箱底部的土层挖切并抛出；避免变速箱与地表干涉，使变速箱底部下降至地表以下，提高旋耕深度，适应深旋耕要求；该装置整体结构布局紧凑、合理。
(2)将刀滚和刀轴接头焊接一起，不仅可以带动刀滚旋转进行耕作，还避免采用其它连接件连接，从而减少了刀滚缠草现象；将倾斜座顶面与竖直平面α设置为3-15°，控制中间传动轴下方两侧相对应的两个斜切刀的刀尖最大轴向距离不超过5cm，调整传动销与销孔间隙为0.05-0.1mm，以此实现斜切刀在转动到上部时不碰撞变速箱，转动到 下部时不碰撞刀尖，将变速箱底部的土壤挖掉并抛到两侧，通过侧向微幅高频振动，使被切土壤的微裂纹扩展速度加快，有利于土壤的切削破坏，达到良好的碎土效果，满足不重耕不漏耕的要求，使变速箱下沉，提高了旋耕深度，实现大耕深。按照刀具尺寸，将变速箱两侧的斜切刀之间的相位角差为0-30°，进而回避了斜切刀对刀轴垂直轴向的力对刀轴的弯曲激励频率，这将极大地减少机器的振动。
(3)将动力销座沿圆周方向均匀设有4-8个传动销，将传动销与矩形槽相接触的一端为半球形，以加强中间传动轴与动力销座之间的动力传递，使传动销在矩形槽内摆动过程中，不会摆出矩形槽，且使摆动过程更平稳；将原有刀滚末端和机架直接连接改为刀滚末端外侧设有刀滚轴承、连接座等，能够进一步使变速箱下沉，增加旋耕深度。
附图说明
图1为本发明所述一种中间传动的深旋耕装置的结构示意图。
图2为图1中A处放大图。
图3为动力销座示意图。
图4为图1中B处放大图。
附图标记说明如下：
1-机架，2-挂机架，3-变速箱，4-中间传动轴，5-刀轴接头，6-倾斜座，7-刀盘轴承，8-传动销，9-动力销座，10-斜刀盘，11-斜切刀，12-刀滚，13-直切刀，14-直刀盘，15-连接座，16-封盖，17-刀滚轴承，101-横梁，102-竖梁，501-矩形槽，601-第二环槽，901-销孔，902-第一环槽。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图以及具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明，但本发明的保护范围并不限于此。
如图1所示，一种中间传动的深旋耕装置，包括机架1、挂机架2、变速箱3、中间传动轴4、刀轴接头5、倾斜座6、刀盘轴承7和传动销8。所述机架1的横梁101中间上方固定有变速箱3，变速箱3两端横梁101上固定有挂机架2。
如图2所示，变速箱3底部的中间传动轴4两侧分别连接一个刀轴接头5，所述刀轴接头5的另一端分别焊接有刀滚12，通过焊接的方式不仅可以带动刀滚旋转进行耕作，还避免采用其它连接件连接，从而减少了刀滚缠草现象。所述变速箱3底部两侧分别螺栓连接一个倾斜座6；所述倾斜座6的底面与竖直平面平行，倾斜座6的顶面与竖直平面成锐角角度α，α的取值为3-15°，倾斜座6整体上为无顶盖内部中空圆盘。所述刀 轴接头5前端和倾斜座6之间设有动力销座9；如图3所示，所述动力销座9为圆环体，所述动力销座9沿圆周方向上均匀开设有4-8个销孔901；所述动力销座9外壁面靠近斜刀盘10的一侧开有第一环形槽902。所述倾斜座6靠近斜刀盘10的一侧开有第二环形槽601；所述刀盘轴承7的内圈位于第一环形槽902内，外圈位于第二环形槽601内，以实现刀盘轴承7的安装，防止其轴向移动；所述动力销座9所在平面与倾斜座6的顶面平行，以实现斜刀盘10的倾斜安装。所述刀轴接头5的前端侧壁开有矩形槽501；所述销孔901内设置有传动销8；所述传动销8的一端位于矩形槽501内；由于传动销8与矩形槽501的配合精度较高，故采用的材料必须具有良好的加工性，即加工变形小；传动销8在传动过程中受到周期应力，故其抗疲劳性能必须相当好，因而选择传动销8的材料为20CrMnTi。所述传动销8与矩形槽501相接触的一端为半球形，将传统销与矩形槽501的线接触(低副)变为了点接触(高副)，能够使传动过程中传动销8摆动的过程更平稳。所述矩形槽501长度L1与传动销8长度L2的关系为L1>L2sinα+2r/cosα，其中L1为矩形槽长度，L2为传动销长度，r为传动销半径，α为锐角角度；当矩形槽501过短时，传动销8有可能摆出矩形槽501而无法实现传动；当矩形槽501太长时，又使斜切装置轴向跨度过长，从而影响切除中间土壤的效果。优选地，传动销直径为12mm，长度为33mm，矩形槽长度为22mm。
所述动力销座9顶端螺栓连接斜刀盘10；所述斜刀盘10上螺栓连接4-6把斜切刀11，所述斜切刀11均匀分布且开口均朝向变速箱3；倾斜座6的顶面与竖直平面所成锐角角度α为3-15°，即使得斜刀盘10上的斜切刀11与竖直平面所成锐角角度α为3-15°，且调整中间传动轴4下方两侧相对应的两个斜切刀11的刀尖最大轴向距离不超过5cm，调整传动销与销孔间隙为0.05-0.1mm，以此实现斜切刀在转动到上部时不碰撞变速箱，转动到下部时不碰撞刀尖，将变速箱底部的土壤挖掉并抛到两侧，通过侧向微幅高频振动，使被切土壤的微裂纹扩展速度加快，有利于土壤的切削破坏，达到良好的碎土效果，满足不重耕不漏耕的要求，使变速箱下沉，提高了旋耕深度，实现大耕深。若间隙过小，则使振动的幅度不够被切土壤产生裂纹；若间隙过大，则会使传动过程中振动幅度过大而使传动不平稳且会产生噪音。
按照刀具尺寸，将变速箱两侧的斜切刀之间的相位角差为0-30°，相位角大于30°时，左右两边的斜切刀11切土间距长，形成的土垡长度过长，达不到良好的碎土效果，此处优选相位角为15°时最好，且同时回避了斜切刀对刀轴垂直轴向的力对刀轴的弯曲激励频率，这将极大地减少机器的振动。
所述刀滚12上固定有5-8把直刀盘14；所述直刀盘14上固定有4-8把直切刀13；相邻直切刀13的开口朝向相反，依次交替排布。如图4所示，所述刀滚12横截面均为圆环状，内径均为40-80mm，外径均为50-90mm，材料均为20号钢；所述刀滚12末端外侧设有连接座15；所述连接座15上端固定在机架1的竖梁102末端；所述连接座15外侧安装有封盖16；所述连接座15和刀滚12之间安装有刀滚轴承17，与现有技术中直接将刀滚12和机架1连接相比，进一步使变速箱3下沉，进而达到深耕的目的。
工作过程：
实际使用时，通过挂机架2连接在拖拉机后，拖拉机的输出动力轴通过万向节将动力输入变速箱3内，变速箱3将动力传送到中间传动轴4，接着中间传动轴4将动力传送给与其花键配合的刀轴接头5，驱动传动销8转动并在刀轴接头5的矩形槽501内进行2α角摆动，而传动销8穿过动力销座9的销孔901，因而将动力传递至动力销座9，由于动力销座9和斜刀盘10固定，进而实现斜刀盘10的偏角转动，并带动安装在斜刀盘10上的斜切刀11也作偏角旋转，使斜切刀11转到上部时，不碰撞变速箱3，转到下部时，可把变速箱3右侧底部的土壤挖掉并抛到两侧，进而实现中间挖土作业，使旋耕机变速箱3下沉，增加旋耕深度。同时刀轴接头5带动刀滚12转动实现旋耕。
所述实施例为本发明的优选的实施方式，但本发明并不限于上述实施方式，在不背离本发明的实质内容的情况下，本领域技术人员能够做出的任何显而易见的改进、替换或变型均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种中间传动的深旋耕装置，其特征在于，包括机架(1)、挂机架(2)、变速箱(3)、中间传动轴(4)、刀轴接头(5)、倾斜座(6)、刀盘轴承(7)和传动销(8)；所述机架(1)的横梁(101)上固定连接挂机架(2)和变速箱(3)；所述变速箱(3)底部的中间传动轴(4)两侧分别连接刀轴接头(5)，所述刀轴接头(5)分别连接有刀滚(12)；所述变速箱(3)底部两侧分别固定连接倾斜座(6)；所述刀轴接头(5)前端和倾斜座(6)之间设有动力销座(9)；所述动力销座(9)和倾斜座(6)之间设有刀盘轴承(7)；所述刀轴接头(5)的前端侧壁开有矩形槽(501)；所述传动销(8)的一端位于动力销座(9)上的销孔(901)内，另一端位于矩形槽(501)内；所述动力销座(9)外侧面固定连接斜刀盘(10)；所述斜刀盘(10)上固定有斜切刀(11)；所述刀滚(12)上固定有直刀盘(14)；所述直刀盘(14)上固定有直切刀(13)；所述刀滚(12)末端固定在机架(1)两端的竖梁(102)上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种中间传动的深旋耕装置，其特征在于，所述变速箱(3)位于横梁(101)中间上方，所述挂机架(2)位于变速箱(3)两侧；所述刀轴接头(5)和中间传动轴(4)之间为花键连接；所述刀滚(12)和刀轴接头(5)之间为焊接；所述斜刀盘(10)沿圆周方向设有2-10把斜切刀(11)，所述斜切刀(11)开口均朝向变速箱(3)；所述刀滚(12)上固定有5-10把直刀盘(14)，所述直刀盘(14)上沿圆周方向固定有2-10把直切刀(13)，相邻直切刀(13)的开口方向相反。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种中间传动的深旋耕装置，其特征在于，所述斜刀盘(10)沿圆周方向均匀设有4-8把斜切刀(11)；所述刀滚(12)上沿轴向均匀固定有5-8把直刀盘(14)，所述直刀盘(14)上沿圆周方向均匀设有4-8把直切刀(13)。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2或3所述的一种中间传动的深旋耕装置，其特征在于，所述刀盘轴承(7)的内圈安装在动力销座(9)外壁面上，刀盘轴承(7)的外圈和倾斜座(6)的内壁面为过盈配合。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种中间传动的深旋耕装置，其特征在于，所述动力销座(9)外壁面靠近斜刀盘(10)的一侧开有第一环形槽(902)，所述倾斜座(6)靠近斜刀盘(10)的一侧开有第二环形槽(601)；所述刀盘轴承(7)的内圈位于第一环形槽(902)内，外圈位于第二环形槽(601)内。
  6. 根据权利要求1或5所述的一种中间传动的深旋耕装置，其特征在于，所述倾斜座(6)为无顶盖的内部中空圆盘，其底面和竖直平面平行，顶面和竖直平面成锐角角度 α；所述动力销座(9)为圆环体，所述动力销座(9)沿圆周方向均匀设有4-8个销孔(901)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种中间传动的深旋耕装置，其特征在于，所述倾斜座(6)的顶面与竖直平面所成锐角角度α为3-15°；所述中间传动轴(4)下方两侧相对应的两个斜切刀(11)的刀尖最大轴向距离不超过5cm。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的一种中间传动的深旋耕装置，其特征在于，所述传动销(8)与销孔(901)之间留有0.05-0.1mm间隙；所述传动销(8)的材料为20CrMnTi。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种中间传动的深旋耕装置，其特征在于，所述传动销(8)与矩形槽(501)相接触的一端为半球形。
  10. 根据权利要求7或9所述的一种中间传动的深旋耕装置，其特征在于，所述矩形槽(501)长度L1与传动销(8)长度L2的关系为L1>L2sinα+2r/cosα，其中L1为矩形槽长度，L2为传动销长度，r为传动销半径，α为锐角角度。
  11. 根据权利要求7或9所述的一种中间传动的深旋耕装置，其特征在于，所述变速箱(3)两侧的斜切刀(11)之间的相位角差为0-30°。
  12. 根据权利要求1或11所述的一种中间传动的深旋耕装置，其特征在于，所述刀滚(12)末端外侧设有连接座(15)；所述连接座(15)上端固定在机架(1)的竖梁(102)末端；所述连接座(15)外侧安装有封盖(16)；所述连接座(15)和刀滚(12)之间安装有刀滚轴承(17)。
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