WO2017156604A1 - Sistema e processo de conformação de solas e entressolas poliméricas utilizando alta-frequência - Google Patents

Sistema e processo de conformação de solas e entressolas poliméricas utilizando alta-frequência Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017156604A1
WO2017156604A1 PCT/BR2017/050019 BR2017050019W WO2017156604A1 WO 2017156604 A1 WO2017156604 A1 WO 2017156604A1 BR 2017050019 W BR2017050019 W BR 2017050019W WO 2017156604 A1 WO2017156604 A1 WO 2017156604A1
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Prior art keywords
eva
high frequency
soles
midsoles
temperature
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PCT/BR2017/050019
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jeferson LEANDRO MAUS
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Orisol Do Brasil Indústria E Comércio De Máquinas Ltda
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Publication of WO2017156604A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017156604A1/pt

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B3/00—Footwear characterised by the shape or the use
    • A43B3/12—Sandals; Strap guides thereon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/04—Dielectric heating, e.g. high-frequency welding, i.e. radio frequency welding of plastic materials having dielectric properties, e.g. PVC
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/02—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the material
    • A43B13/12—Soles with several layers of different materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B17/00—Insoles for insertion, e.g. footbeds or inlays, for attachment to the shoe after the upper has been joined
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B17/00—Insoles for insertion, e.g. footbeds or inlays, for attachment to the shoe after the upper has been joined
    • A43B17/02—Insoles for insertion, e.g. footbeds or inlays, for attachment to the shoe after the upper has been joined wedge-like or resilient
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B17/00—Insoles for insertion, e.g. footbeds or inlays, for attachment to the shoe after the upper has been joined
    • A43B17/14—Insoles for insertion, e.g. footbeds or inlays, for attachment to the shoe after the upper has been joined made of sponge, rubber, or plastic materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B9/00—Footwear characterised by the assembling of the individual parts
    • A43B9/16—Footwear with soles moulded on to uppers or welded on to uppers without adhesive
    • A43B9/18—Footwear with soles moulded on to uppers or welded on to uppers without adhesive moulded
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/12—Dielectric heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/003—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C43/52—Heating or cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C59/02—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by mechanical means, e.g. pressing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D35/00—Producing footwear
    • B29D35/12—Producing parts thereof, e.g. soles, heels, uppers, by a moulding technique
    • B29D35/14—Multilayered parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D7/00—Producing flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
    • B29D7/01—Films or sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
    • C08J3/24—Crosslinking, e.g. vulcanising, of macromolecules
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08L23/06—Polyethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L31/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid or of a haloformic acid; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L31/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of monocarboxylic acids
    • C08L31/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl acetate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D35/00—Producing footwear
    • B29D35/0054—Producing footwear by compression moulding, vulcanising or the like; Apparatus therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention describes a high frequency EVA (Ethylene Acetate Copolymer) soles and midsole forming system and process using dimensional and geometric stability, as the heating of the EVA part is performed in "inside out” by the action of the high frequency in the mold, and further stabilization by cooling with the mold closed.
  • EVA Ethylene Acetate Copolymer
  • Polymeric materials are used in the footwear industry generally in sports shoes, men's, women's shoes, tennis midsoles, safety shoes, special insoles, among others.
  • EVA resin is a relatively low-cost material used in lower-end footwear soles, sandals, insoles and midsoles. It is a spongy, resilient, rubbery material with some ability to return to its original shape.
  • Modern injected EVA technology has very high strength, durability, resilience, flexibility and lightness, being on average 40% lighter than polyurethane (PU) and between 30 and 80% lighter than rubber.
  • PU polyurethane
  • JPS56318801 1 describes a compression molding process of a non-vulcanized rubber compound performed under high frequency irradiation using a ceramic mold.
  • KR100339607 describes a process for manufacturing shoe parts using a high frequency mold.
  • US6083444 describes a method for molding a compound concurrently with the vulcanization of the rubber using the high frequency dielectric heating technique.
  • the invention describes a process of forming high-frequency polymeric soles and midsoles which shortens production time by 60%, taking between 4 to 6 minutes for block forming.
  • the invention describes a process of forming high-frequency polymeric soles and midsoles that reduces energy consumption by 30%.
  • the invention describes a process of forming high-frequency polymeric soles and midsoles that provides dimensional and geometric stability, as the sole is heated from the inside out by the high frequency action and further stabilization by cooling. with the closed mold, whereas in the conventional injection process stabilization occurs after the sole or midsole has been removed from the mold.
  • the invention describes a process of forming polymeric soles and midsoles utilizing high frequency with lower cost of Therefore, with the process cycle shortened, a large number of molds is not required.
  • the high frequency polymeric outsole and midsole shaping system of the present invention includes the use of a conventional molded wall with an insulating material to direct the high frequency energy to the EVA material being used. sensors and sensors to monitor EVA temperature and promote gas removal.
  • an injected or vulcanized EVA preform In the inner region of the EVA mold is placed an injected or vulcanized EVA preform, said preform sized according to the mold into which it will be inserted.
  • the process of forming high-frequency polymeric soles and midsoles comprises heating the mold together with the EVA preform by using high-frequency at a temperature of from 80 ° C to 120 ° C for 2 to 10 ° C. 04 minutes, being kept in compression. At this stage, the EVA preform softens and acquires the mold geometry in which said preform is positioned.
  • EVA is kept compressed and cooled to a temperature between 25 ° C and 35 ° C for geometric and dimensional stabilization followed by demoulding.

Abstract

É descrito um sistema e um processo de conformação de solas e entressolas de EVA (Copolímero de Etileno-Acetato de Vinila) utilizando alta-frequência e uma pré-forma de EVA injetada ou vulcanizada na região interna de um molde convencional com paredes revestidas com material isolante, dito molde em compressão e aquecido à temperatura de 80 °C a 120°C, durante 02 a 04 minutos, seguido do resfriamento do EVA mantido comprimido à temperatura entre 25 °C e 35°0, garantindo a estabilidade dimensional e geométrica da peça de EVA.

Description

SISTEMA E PROCESSO DE CONFORMAÇÃO DE SOLAS E ENTRESSOLAS POLIMÉRICAS UTILIZANDO ALTA-FREQUÊNCIA CAMPO DA INVENÇÃO
[01] A presente invenção descreve um sistema e processo de conformação de solas e entressolas de EVA (Copolímero de Etileno- Acetato de Vinila) utilizando alta-frequência que provê estabilidade dimensional e geométrica, visto que o aquecimento da peça de EVA é realizada de "dentro para fora" pela ação da alta frequência no molde, e posterior estabilização pelo resfriamento com o molde fechado.
ANTECEDENTES DA INVENÇÃO
[02] Os materiais poliméricos são utilizados na indústria calçadista geralmente em calçados esportivos, sapatos masculinos, femininos, entressolas dos ténis, calçados de segurança, palmilhas especiais, entre outros.
[03] A resina de EVA é material de custo relativamente baixo, utilizada em solados, sandálias, palmilhas e entressolas de calçados de menor preço final. Trata-se de um material esponjoso e elástico, corn a aparência de borracha, possuindo alguma capacidade de voltar a sua forma original.
[04] A moderna tecnologia do EVA injetado apresenta altíssima resistência, durabilidade, resiliência, flexibilidade e leveza, sendo em média 40% mais leve que o poliuretano (PU) e entre 30 a 80% mais leve que a borracha.
[05] No processo de injeção direta de EVA para a conformação de entressolas e solados, as dificuldades dizem respeito ao ganho de produtividade em decorrência da limitação das injetoras, além dos altos custos de energia e outros problemas técnicos, tal como variações de molde devido as alterações de temperatura no canhão de injeção (queima de resistências, ajustes sequenciais), excesso de temperaturas e cisalhamento ao qual o composto é exposto no canhão de injeção, tempos de injeção diferenciados e variações de tamanho no artefato devido à má regulagem de caudal e velocidade de injeção; dificuldade na extração do ar pelos canais de vácuo e limitação na produção de cores, que permitem o máximo de duas cores por equipamento, ao mesmo tempo.
[06] Uma alternativa é o processo de EVA Derramado Direto na Matriz, que necessita de baixo investimento inicial em máquinas, equipamentos e matrizes, devido ao processo ser bem menos complexo que o de Injeção Direta.
[07] No entanto, estes processos levam de 15 a 25 minutos, incluindo o aquecimento do EVA, a compressão e a introdução no molde. Para o aquecimento, é utilizado o calor gerado por resistências elétricas ou vapor e resfriamento com água ou utilizando fornos estabilizadores, impactando em custos elevados de energia e de água, que oneram o processo produtivo.
[08] O estado da técnica descreve processos de conformação de partes de calçados utilizando alta-frequência como fonte geradora de calor para a moldagem.
[09] O documento JPS56318801 1 descreve um processo de moldagem por compressão de um composto de borracha não vulcanizada realizada sob irradiação de alta frequência mediante a utilização de um molde de cerâmica.
[010] O documento KR100339607 descreve um processo para o fabrico partes de calçado utilizando um molde de alta frequência.
[011] O documento US6083444 descreve um método para a moldagem de um composto concorrentemente com a vulcanização da borracha do mesmo utilizando a técnica de aquecimento dielétrico de alta frequência.
[012] Os documentos do estado da técnica utilizam alta-frequência para compostos de borracha, não sendo sugerido um processo de conformação de solas e entressolas de EVA utilizando alta-frequência que, utilizando um molde específico e uma pré-forma, permite conformar solas e entressolas de EVA com drástica redução de tempo (cerca de 60% menor que no processo tradicional) e, consequentemente, com menor gasto energético e maior estabilidade dimensional e geométrica.
SUMÁRIO
[013] A invenção descreve um processo de conformação de solas e entressolas poliméricas utilizando alta-frequência que diminui o tempo de produção em 60%, levando entre 4 a 6 minutos para a conformação do bloco.
[014] A invenção descreve um processo de conformação de solas e entressolas poliméricas utilizando alta-frequência que diminui o consumo de energia em 30%.
[015] A invenção descreve um processo de conformação de solas e entressolas poliméricas utilizando alta-frequência que provê estabilidade dimensional e geométrica, visto que o aquecimento do solado é realizado de "dentro para fora" pela ação da alta frequência e posterior estabilização pelo resfriamento com o molde fechado, ao passo que no processo de injeção convencional a estabilização ocorre após a retirada da sola ou entressola do molde.
[016] A invenção descreve um processo de conformação de solas e entressolas poliméricas utilizando alta-frequência com menor custo de moldes, pois, com o ciclo do processo diminuído, não se faz necessário um grande número de moldes.
DESCRIÇÃO DETALHADA DA INVENÇÃO
[017] O sistema de conformação de solas e entressolas poliméricas utilizando alta-frequência, objeto da presente invenção, inclui a utilização de um molde convencional com paredes revestidas com material isolante para direcionar a energia de alta frequência para o material em EVA que está sendo conformado e sensores para monitorar temperatura do EVA e promover a retirada de gases.
[018] Na região interna do molde de EVA é posicionada uma pré- forma de EVA injetada ou vulcanizada, dita pré-forma dimensionada conforme o molde em que será inserida.
[019] O processo de conformação de solas e entressolas poliméricas utilizando alta-frequência compreende o aquecimento do molde conjuntamente com a pré-forma de EVA mediante o uso de alta- frequência à temperatura de 80°C a 120°C, durante 02 a 04 minutos, sendo mantido em compressão. Nessa etapa, a pré-forma de EVA sofre amolecimento e adquire a geometria do molde no qual dita pré- forma está posicionada.
[020] O EVA é mantido comprimido e resfriado à temperatura entre 25°C e 35 °C para estabilização geométrica e dimensional, seguindo para desmoldagem.

Claims

1 /1 REIVINDICAÇÕES:
1. SISTEMA DE CONFORMAÇÃO DE SOLAS E ENTRESSOLAS POLIMÉRICAS UTILIZANDO ALTA-FREQUÊNCIA caracterizado por compreender um molde convencional com paredes revestidas com material isolante que abriga na região interna uma pré-forma de EVA injetada ou vulcanizada.
2. PROCESSO DE CONFORMAÇÃO DE SOLAS E ENTRESSOLAS POLIMÉRICAS UTILIZANDO ALTA- FREQUÊNCIA, utilizando o sistema reivindicado em 1 , caracterizado por compreender as etapas de:
a) compressão do molde com a pré-forma de EVA e aquecimento utilizando alta-frequência à temperatura de 80° a 120°C, durante 02 a 04 minutos;
b) resfriamento do EVA mantido comprimido à temperatura entre 25<€e 35 °C;
c) desmoldagem da peça de EVA.
PCT/BR2017/050019 2016-03-15 2017-02-03 Sistema e processo de conformação de solas e entressolas poliméricas utilizando alta-frequência WO2017156604A1 (pt)

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