WO2017146100A1 - 冷凍装置 - Google Patents
冷凍装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017146100A1 WO2017146100A1 PCT/JP2017/006607 JP2017006607W WO2017146100A1 WO 2017146100 A1 WO2017146100 A1 WO 2017146100A1 JP 2017006607 W JP2017006607 W JP 2017006607W WO 2017146100 A1 WO2017146100 A1 WO 2017146100A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- temperature
- refrigerant
- refrigerating machine
- refrigeration
- Prior art date
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- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920001289 polyvinyl ether Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 6
- -1 ester compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000010696 ester oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 5
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- OHMHBGPWCHTMQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(Cl)Cl OHMHBGPWCHTMQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro(fluoro)methane Chemical compound F[C]Cl KYKAJFCTULSVSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 3
- BVUXDWXKPROUDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol Chemical compound CCC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 BVUXDWXKPROUDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- IKXFIBBKEARMLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenoxy(sulfanylidene)-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=S)OC1=CC=CC=C1 IKXFIBBKEARMLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 2
- WTARULDDTDQWMU-RKDXNWHRSA-N (+)-β-pinene Chemical compound C1[C@H]2C(C)(C)[C@@H]1CCC2=C WTARULDDTDQWMU-RKDXNWHRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WTARULDDTDQWMU-IUCAKERBSA-N (-)-Nopinene Natural products C1[C@@H]2C(C)(C)[C@H]1CCC2=C WTARULDDTDQWMU-IUCAKERBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FXRLMCRCYDHQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene Chemical compound FC(=C)C(F)(F)F FXRLMCRCYDHQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BBBUAWSVILPJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-ethylhexoxymethyl)oxirane Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COCC1CO1 BBBUAWSVILPJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IKEHOXWJQXIQAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 IKEHOXWJQXIQAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VWGKEVWFBOUAND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-thiodiphenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1SC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VWGKEVWFBOUAND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- UTGQNNCQYDRXCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N'-diphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine Chemical compound C=1C=C(NC=2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 UTGQNNCQYDRXCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Phenyl-1-naphthylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FQYUMYWMJTYZTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenyl glycidyl ether Chemical compound C1OC1COC1=CC=CC=C1 FQYUMYWMJTYZTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WTARULDDTDQWMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pseudopinene Natural products C1C2C(C)(C)C1CCC2=C WTARULDDTDQWMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005037 alkyl phenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XCPQUQHBVVXMRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Fenchene Natural products C1CC2C(=C)CC1C2(C)C XCPQUQHBVVXMRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930006722 beta-pinene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001718 carbodiimides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- VSSAZBXXNIABDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylmethanol Chemical compound OCC1CCCCC1 VSSAZBXXNIABDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HUDSKKNIXMSHSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihexyl hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCOP(O)(=O)OCCCCCC HUDSKKNIXMSHSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LCWMKIHBLJLORW-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-carene Natural products C1CC(=C)CC2C(C)(C)C21 LCWMKIHBLJLORW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PHNWGDTYCJFUGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical group CCCCCCOP(O)(O)=O PHNWGDTYCJFUGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002898 organic sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 150000008301 phosphite esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-K thiophosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=S RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H trizinc;dioxido-sulfanylidene-sulfido-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a refrigeration apparatus having a relatively high temperature at which refrigerant is condensed.
- HFC hydrofluorocarbon
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-226690
- HFC is, for example, R134a represented by the molecular formula C 2 H 2 F 4 , R32 represented by the molecular formula CH 2 F 2 , and R410A and R407c that are mixed refrigerants. Since HFC does not contain chlorine, the effect of destroying the ozone layer is small compared to chlorofluorocarbon and hydrochlorofluorocarbon.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a refrigeration apparatus that can suppress an increase in viscous resistance in a sliding portion of a compressor and improve performance.
- the refrigeration apparatus includes a refrigeration cycle in which a compressor, a condenser, an expansion mechanism, and an evaporator are connected in an annular shape.
- the condensation temperature may be 46 ° C. or higher.
- the condensation temperature is a temperature at which the refrigerant circulating in the refrigeration cycle condenses in the condenser.
- the refrigeration cycle contains refrigeration oil for lubricating the compressor.
- Refrigerator oil is an oil whose separation temperature is higher than the condensation temperature.
- the separation temperature is a temperature at which the mixture of the refrigerating machine oil and the refrigerant is separated into the refrigerating machine oil and the refrigerant.
- Refrigeration apparatus is used in an environment where the outside air temperature is relatively high.
- the condensation temperature which is the temperature at which the refrigerant compressed by the compressor is condensed by the condenser
- the separation temperature which is the temperature at which the mixture of refrigerating machine oil and refrigerant used in this refrigeration apparatus separates, is higher than the condensation temperature. Therefore, during operation of the refrigeration apparatus, the refrigerant circulating in the refrigeration cycle is suppressed from being separated from the refrigeration oil, so that the low-viscosity refrigeration oil containing the refrigerant is supplied to the sliding portion of the compressor. Therefore, the refrigerating apparatus according to the first aspect can suppress the supply of refrigerating machine oil having a high viscosity to the sliding portion of the compressor and improve the performance.
- the refrigerating apparatus is the refrigerating apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein the refrigerating machine oil is an oil whose separation temperature is higher than the condensation temperature when the oil concentration is 35 ⁇ 10 wt%. .
- the oil concentration is the concentration of refrigerating machine oil contained in the mixture of refrigerating machine oil and refrigerant.
- the separation temperature is higher than the condensation temperature even when the oil concentration is relatively low at 35 ⁇ 10 wt%, so that the refrigerant is prevented from separating from the refrigeration machine oil. Therefore, the refrigeration apparatus according to the second aspect can suppress an increase in viscous resistance at the sliding portion of the compressor and improve the performance.
- the refrigeration apparatus according to the third aspect of the present invention is the refrigeration apparatus according to the first aspect or the second aspect, and the refrigeration oil is an oil whose separation temperature is higher than the condensation temperature when the compressor is started.
- the refrigeration apparatus is used in an environment where the outside air temperature is relatively high, the oil concentration at the time of start-up is the lowest, and the oil concentration tends to gradually increase after the start-up.
- the separation temperature remains higher than the condensation temperature even if the separation temperature is higher than the condensation temperature and the oil concentration gradually increases after the start-up. Therefore, the refrigerant is prevented from separating from the refrigeration oil after the refrigeration apparatus is started. Therefore, the refrigeration apparatus according to the third aspect can suppress an increase in the viscous resistance at the sliding portion of the compressor and improve the performance.
- the refrigeration apparatus according to the fourth aspect of the present invention is the refrigeration apparatus according to any one of the first to third aspects, and the refrigerant includes HFC.
- the refrigeration apparatus uses a refrigerant containing HFC.
- HFC is, for example, R134a represented by the molecular formula C 2 H 2 F 4 , R32 represented by the molecular formula CH 2 F 2 , and R410A and R407c that are mixed refrigerants. Since HFC does not contain chlorine, the effect of destroying the ozone layer is small compared to chlorofluorocarbon and hydrochlorofluorocarbon. However, among refrigerants containing HFC, there are refrigerants that are poorly compatible with refrigerating machine oil and whose viscosity resistance tends to increase when separated from refrigerating machine oil.
- the refrigeration apparatus can suppress an increase in viscous resistance at the sliding portion of the compressor and improve the performance.
- the refrigeration apparatus according to the fifth aspect of the present invention is the refrigeration apparatus according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the condenser is installed outdoors and the evaporator is installed indoors.
- the refrigeration apparatus according to the fifth aspect is a dedicated cooling device. Since the condenser of this refrigeration apparatus is installed in an external environment having a relatively high temperature, the condensation temperature may be 46 ° C. or higher. However, since the separation temperature is higher than the condensation temperature, the refrigerant is prevented from separating from the refrigerating machine oil. Therefore, the refrigeration apparatus according to the fifth aspect can suppress an increase in the viscous resistance at the sliding portion of the compressor and improve the performance.
- the refrigeration apparatus according to the sixth aspect of the present invention is the refrigeration apparatus according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, and the condensation temperature may be 52 ° C. or higher.
- the refrigeration apparatus according to the sixth aspect can be used in an environment where the outside air temperature is high such that the condensation temperature is 52 ° C. or higher.
- the refrigeration apparatus according to the first to fifth aspects of the present invention can suppress an increase in viscous resistance at the sliding portion of the compressor and improve the performance.
- FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of the air conditioner 1.
- the air conditioner 1 includes a refrigeration cycle in which a compressor 2, an outdoor heat exchanger 4, an expansion mechanism 5, and an indoor heat exchanger 6 are connected in a ring shape.
- the air conditioner 1 is a cooling-only device that can perform only a cooling operation.
- the solid line arrow represents the flow direction of the refrigerant circulating in the refrigeration cycle when the air conditioner 1 is in operation.
- the air conditioner 1 can be used in an environment where the outside air temperature is high. Specifically, the air conditioner 1 can be used in an environment where the outside air temperature is 46 ° C. or higher. Preferably, the air conditioner 1 can be used in an environment where the outside air temperature is 52 ° C. or higher.
- the compressor 2 compresses the low-pressure gas refrigerant and discharges the high-pressure gas refrigerant.
- the compressed refrigerant discharged from the compressor 2 is supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 4.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 4 condenses the high-pressure gas refrigerant and discharges the high-pressure liquid refrigerant.
- the refrigerant discharged from the outdoor heat exchanger 4 passes through the expansion valve of the expansion mechanism 5, becomes a low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant, and is supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 6.
- the indoor heat exchanger 6 evaporates the low-pressure gas-liquid mixed refrigerant and discharges the low-pressure gas refrigerant.
- the refrigerant discharged from the indoor heat exchanger 6 is supplied to the compressor 2.
- the air conditioner 1 is a dedicated cooling device, the outdoor heat exchanger 4 functions as a condenser, and the indoor heat exchanger 6 functions as an evaporator. Therefore, the room is cooled by the latent heat of vaporization of the refrigerant generated in the indoor heat exchanger 6.
- the condensation temperature which is the temperature at which the refrigerant is condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger 4, is 46 ° C. or higher, and preferably 52 ° C. or higher.
- Refrigeration oil is enclosed in the refrigeration cycle of the air conditioner 1.
- the refrigerating machine oil is a lubricating oil mainly used for preventing wear and seizure in the sliding portion of the compressor 2.
- the sliding portion of the compressor 2 is a thrust sliding surface between two scrolls, a sliding surface between a crankshaft and a bearing, and the like.
- HFC hydrofluorocarbon
- HFC is, for example, R134a represented by the molecular formula C 2 H 2 F 4 , R32 represented by the molecular formula CH 2 F 2 , and R410A and R407c that are mixed refrigerants.
- the global warming potential of the HFC-based refrigerant is preferably 1000 or less, more preferably 500 or less, still more preferably 300 or less, and particularly preferably 100 or less. From the viewpoint of the global warming potential, the HFC-based refrigerant is preferably an R32-based refrigerant containing more than 50% by weight of R32. Specific examples of the R32 refrigerant include R32 alone, a mixture of R32 and HFO-1234yf, a mixture of R32 and HFO-1123, and the like.
- HFC refrigerant does not contain chlorine, it has less influence on global warming and the effect of destroying the ozone layer compared to other fluorine refrigerants such as chlorofluorocarbon and hydrochlorofluorocarbon.
- HFC-based refrigerants include R32-based refrigerants that are less compatible with refrigerating machine oils than other fluorine-based refrigerants and are easily separated from refrigerating machine oils when the condensation temperature is 46 ° C. or higher. When the refrigerant and the refrigerating machine oil are separated, the viscous resistance at the sliding portion of the compressor 2 increases, and the performance of the compressor 2 may be deteriorated.
- Refrigerating machine oil mainly consists of a base oil, an acid scavenger, an extreme pressure agent, and an antioxidant.
- the base oil is mineral oil or synthetic oil.
- the base oil one having good compatibility with the HFC refrigerant used in the air conditioner 1 is appropriately selected.
- the mineral oil is, for example, a naphthenic mineral oil or a paraffinic mineral oil.
- Synthetic oils are, for example, ester compounds, ether compounds, poly ⁇ -olefins, and alkylbenzenes. Specific examples of the synthetic oil include polyvinyl ether, polyol ester, polyalkylene glycol and the like.
- the mixture which combined 2 or more types of said mineral oil or synthetic oil may be used as a base oil.
- the acid scavenger is an additive used for suppressing deterioration of the refrigerating machine oil due to acid by reacting with an acid such as hydrofluoric acid generated by the decomposition of the HFC refrigerant.
- the acid scavenger is, for example, an epoxy compound, a carbodiimide compound, or a tempen compound.
- Specific examples of the acid scavenger include 2-ethylhexyl glycidyl ether, phenyl glycidyl ether, epoxidized cyclohexyl carbinol, di (alkylphenyl) carbodiimide, ⁇ -pinene and the like.
- Acids such as hydrofluoric acid generated by the decomposition of the HFC refrigerant are captured by the acid scavenger contained in the refrigeration oil. Thereby, deterioration of the refrigerating machine oil resulting from the acid generated by the decomposition of the HFC-based refrigerant and corrosion of metal parts such as the expansion valve of the expansion mechanism 5 are suppressed.
- the extreme pressure agent is an additive used for preventing wear and seizure in the sliding portion of the compressor 2.
- Refrigerating machine oil prevents contact between the sliding members by forming an oil film between the surfaces of the members that slide on each other at the sliding portion.
- a low-viscosity refrigerating machine oil such as polyvinyl ether
- the extreme pressure agent suppresses the occurrence of wear and seizure by forming a film by reacting with the surfaces of members that slide on each other at the sliding portion.
- extreme pressure agent examples include phosphate ester, phosphite ester, thiophosphate, sulfide ester, sulfide, thiobisphenol, and the like.
- Specific examples of extreme pressure agents include tricresyl phosphate (TCP), triphenyl phosphate (TPP), triphenyl phosphorothioate (TPPT), amine, C11-14 side chain alkyl, monohexyl and dihexyl phosphate.
- TCP is adsorbed on the surface of the sliding member and decomposes to form a phosphate coating.
- An antioxidant is an additive used to prevent the oxidation of refrigerating machine oil.
- Specific examples of the antioxidant include zinc dithiophosphate, organic sulfur compound, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol, 2,2 Phenols such as' -methylenebis (4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol), amine-based antioxidants such as phenyl- ⁇ -naphthylamine, N, N'-di-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine, N, N Examples include '-disalicylidene-1,2-diaminopropane.
- the horizontal axis represents the oil concentration which is the concentration (wt%) of the refrigerating machine oil contained in the mixture, and the vertical axis represents the temperature of the mixture.
- the refrigerating machine oil is polyvinyl ether oil.
- Curves L1 and L2 are two-layer separation temperature curves.
- a region R1 above the upper curve L1 and a region R2 below the lower curve L2 are regions where R32 and polyvinyl ether oil are separated into two layers.
- a region R3 between the curves L1 and L2 is a region where R32 and polyvinyl ether oil are not separated into two layers. That is, the region R3 is a region where R32 and polyvinyl ether oil are dissolved in each other.
- the horizontal axis represents the oil concentration that is the concentration (wt%) of the refrigerating machine oil contained in the mixture, and the vertical axis represents the temperature of the mixture.
- the refrigerating machine oil is a polyol ester oil.
- Curves L4 and L5 are two-layer separation temperature curves. A region R4 above the upper curve L4 and a region R5 below the lower curve L5 are regions where R32 and polyol ester oil are separated into two layers. A region R6 between the curve L4 and the curve L5 is a region where R32 and polyol ester oil are not separated into two layers. That is, the region R6 is a region where R32 and polyol ester oil are dissolved.
- the minimum value of the oil concentration of the mixture of the refrigerant and the refrigerating machine oil is 35 ⁇ 10 wt%.
- a straight line LM represents an operation locus of the mixture when the air conditioner 1 is used in an environment where the outside air temperature is high.
- the operation trajectories of the mixture indicated by the straight line LM in FIGS. 2 and 3 are common.
- the straight line LM represents the transition of the state of the mixture existing inside the compressor 2 when the air conditioner 1 is started. Prior to activation of the air conditioner 1, the mixture is in the state of the point P1 of the straight line LM. Since the compressor 2 is installed outdoors, the temperature of the mixture existing inside the compressor 2 is close to the outside air temperature before the air conditioner 1 is started.
- the temperature of the compressor 2 increases as the operating time of the air conditioner 1 elapses, so that the temperature of the mixture also rises, and the liquid refrigerant contained in the mixture gradually evaporates.
- the oil concentration of the mixture increases gradually. 2 and 3, the oil concentration of the mixture gradually increases from about 35 wt% at the point P1 when the air conditioner 1 is started. That is, the point P1 shows a state when the oil concentration is the minimum value.
- the operating locus LM of the mixture at the start of the air conditioner 1 exists in a region R3 where R32 and polyvinyl ether oil do not separate into two layers in FIG. 2, and in FIG. Present in the region R6 where the layers are not separated. Therefore, at the time of starting the air conditioning apparatus 1, the mixture does not separate into two layers of R32 and refrigerating machine oil. When the mixture is separated into two layers, the viscosity of the refrigerating machine oil increases.
- the refrigerating machine oil used in the air conditioner 1 is an oil having a characteristic that the separation temperature, which is the temperature at which the mixture separates into R32 and refrigerating machine oil, is higher than the condensation temperature.
- the separation temperature is a high-temperature side separation temperature indicated by the upper two-layer separation temperature curve L1 in FIG. 2 and the upper two-layer separation temperature curve L4 in FIG.
- the maximum temperature of the mixture is the condensation temperature. Therefore, when the separation temperature on the high temperature side is higher than the condensation temperature, the mixture does not separate into R32 and refrigerating machine oil. On the other hand, when the condensation temperature is higher than the separation temperature on the high temperature side, the mixture may be separated into R32 and refrigerating machine oil.
- the air conditioner 1 is used in an environment where the outside air temperature is relatively high, and the condensation temperature that is the temperature at which the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 2 is condensed by the outdoor heat exchanger 4 is 46 ° C. or higher.
- the separation temperature which is the temperature at which the mixture of the refrigerating machine oil and the refrigerant used in the air conditioner 1 is separated into two layers, is higher than the condensation temperature. Therefore, during the operation of the air conditioner 1, the mixture enclosed in the refrigeration cycle is suppressed from being separated into the refrigerant and the refrigeration oil. As a result, it is possible to suppress the supply of a low-lubricant refrigerant that does not sufficiently contain refrigeration oil to the sliding portion of the compressor 2. Therefore, the air conditioner 1 can suppress an increase in the viscous resistance at the sliding portion of the compressor 2 and improve the performance.
- the air conditioner 1 is used in an environment where the outside air temperature is relatively high, and the oil concentration of the mixture (oil concentration at the point P1 in FIGS. 2 and 3) before activation of the air conditioner 1 is 35 ⁇ 10 wt%. The lowest is the tendency that the oil concentration of the mixture gradually increases after the air conditioner 1 is started. However, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, even if the oil concentration of the mixture gradually increases after the air conditioner 1 is started, the temperature of the mixture remains lower than the separation temperature. Therefore, during the operation of the air conditioner 1, the mixture enclosed in the refrigeration cycle is suppressed from being separated into the refrigerant and the refrigeration oil. Therefore, the air conditioner 1 can suppress an increase in the viscous resistance at the sliding portion of the compressor 2 and improve the performance.
- the air conditioner 1 uses an HFC refrigerant.
- R32 which is a kind of HFC-based refrigerant, has poor compatibility with refrigerating machine oil as compared with other fluorine-based refrigerants, and viscosity resistance tends to increase when separated from refrigerating machine oil.
- the air conditioning apparatus 1 uses oil having a separation temperature higher than the condensation temperature as the refrigeration oil, the separation of the mixture of the refrigeration oil and the refrigerant into the refrigerant and the refrigeration oil is suppressed. As a result, an increase in the viscosity of the refrigerating machine oil is suppressed. Therefore, the air conditioner 1 can suppress an increase in the viscous resistance at the sliding portion of the compressor 2 and improve the performance.
- the temperature at which the mixture of R32 and the refrigerating machine oil is separated into two layers is lower than the temperature at which the mixture of R410A or R407C and the refrigerating machine oil is separated into two layers. Therefore, in an environment where the outside air temperature is high, the mixture of R32 and refrigerating machine oil tends to be separated into two layers when the air conditioner 1 is started, as compared with the mixture of R410A or R407C and refrigerating machine oil.
- the air conditioner 1 can suppress an increase in the viscous resistance at the sliding portion of the compressor 2 and improve the performance.
- the air conditioning apparatus 1 is a cooling-only device.
- the air conditioning apparatus 1 may be a device having both a cooling function and a heating function.
- FIG. 4 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of the air-conditioning apparatus 1 in the present modification.
- the air conditioner 1 mainly includes a compressor 2, a four-way switching valve 3, an outdoor heat exchanger 4, an expansion mechanism 5, and an indoor heat exchanger 6.
- the solid line arrows represent the refrigerant flow during the cooling operation
- the dotted line arrows represent the refrigerant flow during the heating operation.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 4 functions as a condenser
- the indoor heat exchanger 6 functions as an evaporator. That is, the room is cooled by the latent heat of vaporization of the refrigerant generated in the indoor heat exchanger 6.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 4 functions as an evaporator
- the indoor heat exchanger 6 functions as a condenser. That is, the room is heated by the condensation latent heat of the refrigerant generated in the outdoor heat exchanger 4.
- the air conditioner 1 can suppress an increase in the viscous resistance at the sliding portion of the compressor 2 and improve the performance.
- the refrigerating machine oil contains an extreme pressure agent and an antioxidant.
- the refrigerating machine oil may contain only one of the extreme pressure agent and the antioxidant, and may not contain the extreme pressure agent and the antioxidant.
- the refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention can suppress the increase in viscous resistance at the sliding portion of the compressor and improve the performance.
- Air conditioning equipment refrigeration equipment
- Compressor Outdoor heat exchanger (condenser, evaporator)
- Expansion mechanism 6
- Indoor heat exchanger evaporator, condenser
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Compressor (AREA)
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SA518392247A SA518392247B1 (ar) | 2016-02-25 | 2018-08-19 | جهاز تبريد مجهز بدورة تبريد |
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JP2016034227A JP6736910B2 (ja) | 2016-02-25 | 2016-02-25 | 冷凍装置 |
JP2016-034227 | 2016-02-25 |
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PCT/JP2017/006607 WO2017146100A1 (ja) | 2016-02-25 | 2017-02-22 | 冷凍装置 |
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JP (1) | JP6736910B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
SA (1) | SA518392247B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
WO (1) | WO2017146100A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
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JPWO2021065944A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-04-08 |
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JPH0920898A (ja) * | 1988-04-22 | 1997-01-21 | Nippon Oil Co Ltd | カーエアコン用冷凍機油組成物 |
JP2000154943A (ja) * | 1990-11-16 | 2000-06-06 | Hitachi Ltd | 冷凍装置 |
JP2015061926A (ja) * | 2012-10-31 | 2015-04-02 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 冷凍装置 |
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JP3641850B2 (ja) * | 1995-07-05 | 2005-04-27 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 冷凍機 |
JP2962676B2 (ja) * | 1996-02-20 | 1999-10-12 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 冷凍装置 |
JP3388666B2 (ja) * | 1996-02-20 | 2003-03-24 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 冷蔵庫 |
JPH08240351A (ja) * | 1996-02-20 | 1996-09-17 | Hitachi Ltd | 冷凍装置 |
JPH08239677A (ja) * | 1996-02-20 | 1996-09-17 | Hitachi Ltd | 圧縮機 |
JP2962677B2 (ja) * | 1996-02-20 | 1999-10-12 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 冷凍装置 |
JP2962675B2 (ja) * | 1996-02-20 | 1999-10-12 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 冷凍装置 |
JP3437177B2 (ja) * | 2001-09-10 | 2003-08-18 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 冷蔵庫 |
JP5927633B2 (ja) * | 2012-11-06 | 2016-06-01 | ジョンソンコントロールズ ヒタチ エア コンディショニング テクノロジー(ホンコン)リミテッド | 空気調和機 |
JP2015092123A (ja) * | 2013-11-08 | 2015-05-14 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 冷凍装置 |
-
2016
- 2016-02-25 JP JP2016034227A patent/JP6736910B2/ja active Active
-
2017
- 2017-02-22 WO PCT/JP2017/006607 patent/WO2017146100A1/ja active Application Filing
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2018
- 2018-08-19 SA SA518392247A patent/SA518392247B1/ar unknown
Patent Citations (4)
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JPH0920898A (ja) * | 1988-04-22 | 1997-01-21 | Nippon Oil Co Ltd | カーエアコン用冷凍機油組成物 |
JPH0490453A (ja) * | 1990-08-01 | 1992-03-24 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 冷凍装置の運転制御装置 |
JP2000154943A (ja) * | 1990-11-16 | 2000-06-06 | Hitachi Ltd | 冷凍装置 |
JP2015061926A (ja) * | 2012-10-31 | 2015-04-02 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 冷凍装置 |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPWO2021065944A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-04-08 | ||
WO2021065944A1 (ja) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-04-08 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 空気調和装置 |
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SA518392247B1 (ar) | 2021-09-06 |
JP2017150753A (ja) | 2017-08-31 |
JP6736910B2 (ja) | 2020-08-05 |
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