WO2017143790A1 - 汽车电控系统测试仪及其测试方法 - Google Patents

汽车电控系统测试仪及其测试方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017143790A1
WO2017143790A1 PCT/CN2016/102578 CN2016102578W WO2017143790A1 WO 2017143790 A1 WO2017143790 A1 WO 2017143790A1 CN 2016102578 W CN2016102578 W CN 2016102578W WO 2017143790 A1 WO2017143790 A1 WO 2017143790A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
relay
test
ecu
electronic control
control system
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PCT/CN2016/102578
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王志欣
李华
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王志欣
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Application filed by 王志欣 filed Critical 王志欣
Publication of WO2017143790A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017143790A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B23/00—Testing or monitoring of control systems or parts thereof
    • G05B23/02—Electric testing or monitoring
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B23/00—Testing or monitoring of control systems or parts thereof
    • G05B23/02—Electric testing or monitoring
    • G05B23/0205—Electric testing or monitoring by means of a monitoring system capable of detecting and responding to faults

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of automotive electronic control system testing.
  • an electronic control system When diagnosing an automotive electronic control system (hereinafter referred to as an electronic control system), it is first necessary to use a fault diagnostic apparatus to read information such as a fault code stored in an electronic control unit (hereinafter referred to as an ECU), and then it is necessary to use a test box called a test box.
  • the device detects specific harnesses, components, and ECUs.
  • One end of the test box is a set of female connectors and a set of male connectors, the female connector is used to connect the ECU of the electronic control system, and the male connector is used to connect the automobile harness.
  • the inner pin of the female connector and the inner pin of the male connector are in one-to-one correspondence and connected to ensure electrical connection between the electronic control system ECU and the vehicle harness in the case of the test box being accessed.
  • the other end is a panel with 105 test terminals arranged on the panel (the number of specific test terminals is the same as the number of pins of the ECU), and each test terminal is connected to each pin of the electronic control system ECU through a wire harness.
  • the test of the test terminals on the test box by the vehicle service technician is equivalent to testing the individual pins of the electronic control system ECU.
  • the more representative test box product is the Volkswagen test box V.A.G 1598/42. This test box is simple to install and the test work efficiency is much improved compared to not using the test box.
  • this test box can only test the specified electronic control system of the designated manufacturer, which is not universally applicable to different manufacturers, different models, and different electronic control systems. During the test, it is necessary to test and find the comparison data of the test terminals on the panel. The operation is inconvenient, time-consuming and laborious, and not visual.
  • the invention provides a new automotive electronic control system tester.
  • the invention provides an automobile electronic control system tester, comprising a test box, which has a computer, a control module, M first interface ends capable of connecting the automobile harness, and M seconds capable of connecting the ECU of the automobile electronic control system
  • the relay matrix includes M*N third relays, the coordinates of each of the third relays are (i, j), the i is an ECU pin number, the j is a test terminal serial number, and the relay matrix M line inputs
  • the terminals are respectively connected to the M first interface ends, and the N column output ends of the relay matrix are respectively connected with N test terminals
  • the computer stores a plurality of circuit diagrams and a database corresponding to the circuit diagram, the circuit diagrams having ECU pins Data, the database stores a correspondence between the ECU pin and the test
  • the first interface ends are arranged in order, and the serial numbers thereof are 1, 2, 3, ... M in sequence, and are input and connected one-to-one with the M lines of the automobile harness as an input signal.
  • the second interface end and the first interface end are sequentially arranged one by one, and the output signal is in one-to-one correspondence with and connected to the M pins of the automobile ECU.
  • the M first interface ends can be integrated in the same connector, that is, the connector can have M pins.
  • the M second interface ends can be integrated into the same connector, ie the connector can have M pins.
  • the M first and second interface ends may be distributed in two or more connectors.
  • the computer runs application software, which is responsible for the selection of the circuit diagram, the verification of the yin and yang joints, and the interaction between the circuit diagram and the external signals; the layout of the circuit diagram has the connection relationship of the electrical lines, and the specific components and ECUs on the circuit diagram pass the various tests.
  • the terminal and port are connected to the offline control switch.
  • the test terminals on the circuit diagram correspond to the physical test terminals on the aperture display.
  • the port offline control switch on the circuit diagram is also a port offline indicator that indicates the offline state in different colors.
  • the computer stores a circuit diagram and a database corresponding to the circuit diagram.
  • the same electronic control system can correspond to multiple circuit diagrams, and the ECU pin data is distributed over multiple circuit diagrams.
  • the database can reflect the correspondence between the ECU pin and the test terminal.
  • each third relay corresponds to one ECU pin and one test terminal, that is, the coordinate position of the third relay is determined by the ECU pin number and the test terminal number.
  • the computer makes the corresponding coordinates according to the database.
  • the third relay is closed to determine a signal that matches each of the test terminals among the plurality of input signals to enable connection to the corresponding test terminals.
  • each electrical circuit is controlled by the control module through a first relay group, the first relay group includes M first relays, and each of the first relays is connected to a first and a second interface end corresponding thereto.
  • the control module controls on and off of the first relay. When the first relay is turned off, the electrical connection between the vehicle harness and the ECU is cut off.
  • the application software on the computer controls the opening or closing of the first relay according to the ignition switch signal.
  • the ECU offline test mode all the first relays are in an off state. Cut off the connection to the ECU.
  • the ECU offline mode indicator is now displayed in one color.
  • the application software can also control the switch according to the specific port offline (the specific port offline control switch is also on the circuit diagram, and only has the effect in the online test mode), disconnecting a specific first The relay, which separates the connection to the ECU, is displayed.
  • the specific port offline indicator is displayed as a color indicating offline, otherwise it is displayed as a color indicating online.
  • the test box further has a second relay group capable of automatically generating an ignition switch signal, the second relay group includes M second relays, and an input end of each of the second relays is connected to a first interface end corresponding thereto.
  • the output of each second relay can be connected to the ignition switch test terminal.
  • the second relay group selects the ignition switch signal line of the system circuit diagram according to the control of the control module, and outputs the output to the ignition switch test terminal on the test panel and feeds back to the computer through the control module; the application software on the computer determines according to the ignition switch signal In the current test mode, if the ignition switch is in the on state (Key-on), the ECU online test mode is turned on; if the ignition switch is in the off state (Key-off), the ECU offline test mode is turned on.
  • the first relay group, the second relay group and the relay matrix are all powered by a car cigarette lighter power supply.
  • the automotive electronic control system tester further includes a display having an opening corresponding to the test terminal. That is, the display can be an aperture display.
  • the circuit diagram can also include graphical data that can be displayed by the display.
  • the automotive electronic control system tester further includes a first harness set and a second harness set, the first harness set is connected to the first interface end, and the second harness set is connected to the second interface end.
  • the first and second harness sets may include one or at least two wire harnesses.
  • the circuit diagram further has a port offline control switch corresponding to the first relay, and the port offline control switch is connected with the control module signal, so that when the port offline control switch corresponding to a certain first relay is activated, the control The module controls the one of the first relays to open.
  • Each first relay corresponds to a port offline control switch, and controls the disconnection of a certain first relay by controlling the port offline control switch inside the circuit diagram; when the port offline control switch is not activated, the first relay is closed; the port is offline When the control switch is activated, the first The relay is disconnected.
  • a vehicle electronic control system tester comprises a storage module, a control module, M first interface ends capable of connecting a vehicle wiring harness, M second interface terminals capable of connecting an ECU of an automotive electronic control system, M electrical lines, and N Testing a terminal and a relay matrix, N is smaller than M, each of the electrical lines is connected to the first and second interface ends corresponding thereto, and the control module controls on and off of each of the electrical lines, the relay matrix includes M * N third relays, the coordinates of each of the third relays are (i, j), the i is the ECU pin number, the j is the test terminal number, and the M row inputs of the relay matrix are respectively connected M first interface ends, N column output ends of the relay matrix are respectively connected with N test terminals, and the storage module stores a circuit diagram with ECU pin data and a database reflecting the correspondence between the ECU pins and the test terminals, when the user When the circuit diagram is selected, the control module issues a control command to the relay matrix according to the ECU pin data, so that the third relay
  • a test method for an automotive electronic control system tester comprising the steps of:
  • step c) comparing the ID data read from the yin and yang connector with the yin and yang connector ID data in the database, if the same, proceed to step c);
  • the control module closes the third relay corresponding to the coordinate according to the circuit diagram, and electrically connects the input signal and the matched test terminal to complete the automatic setting of the test terminal.
  • a test method for an automotive electronic control system tester comprising the steps of:
  • step c) comparing the ID data read from the yin and yang connector with the yin and yang connector ID data in the database, if the same, proceed to step c);
  • the control module closes the third relay corresponding to the coordinate according to the circuit diagram, and electrically connects the input signal and the matched test terminal to complete the automatic setting of the test terminal.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that the definition of the test terminal on the test panel can be automatically replaced according to the ECU pin data of the selected specific circuit diagram, and the replacement of different yin and yang joints can be realized for different automobile manufacturers, different models and different The wide application of electronic control systems.
  • FIG. 1 is an external connection diagram of a tester for an automotive electronic control system according to the present embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is an internal connection diagram of a tester for an automotive electronic control system according to the present embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a test method for an automotive electronic control system according to the present embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a first relay group of the embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a second relay group of the embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a relay matrix of the embodiment
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the port offline indicator/control switch of the circuit diagram of the present embodiment.
  • an automobile electronic control system tester includes a test box 4, and the test box has a computer 1, a control module M1, M first interface terminals capable of connecting a vehicle wire harness, and can be connected to the vehicle electronic control.
  • M second interface ends of the system ECU, M electrical lines 10, N test terminals, and relay matrices RM, M and N are both natural numbers and N is less than M, and each electrical line 10 is connected to its corresponding first and second interfaces.
  • the control module controls the on and off of the electrical circuit.
  • the relay matrix includes M*N third relays 12.
  • each third relay 12 The coordinates of each third relay 12 are (i, j), i is the ECU pin number, j is the test terminal number, and the relay M rows of input terminals of the matrix are respectively connected with M first interface ends, and N column output ends of the relay matrix are respectively connected with N test terminals, and the computer stores a plurality of circuit diagrams and a database corresponding to the circuit diagram, and the circuit diagram has ECU pins Data, the database includes a database of correspondence between the ECU pin and the test terminal.
  • the computer issues a control command to the relay matrix according to the ECU pin data, so that the third coordinate of the corresponding coordinate The appliance is closed.
  • the automotive electronic control system tester of the present embodiment includes a test box 4, four sets of connecting harnesses, and a male and female joint.
  • the test box has a perforated display with an opening as a test panel, a computer 1, a control module M1, and a first relay group R1 for disconnecting the ECU side.
  • a second relay group R2 that automatically generates an ignition switch signal and a relay matrix RM for automatically defining a test terminal function based on the selected circuit diagram ECU pin data.
  • the computer 1 stores circuit diagrams of different automobile manufacturers, different models, and different electronic control systems. Each system circuit diagram has a unique system ID, and each system circuit diagram is split into multiple circuit diagrams, and each circuit diagram includes an ECU. Pin data and graphic data.
  • the computer has built-in application software, which can generate corresponding control commands according to the ECU pin data of the selected circuit diagram.
  • the control module M1 is connected to the computer 1, which accepts control commands from the computer.
  • the first relay group R1, the second relay group R2 and the relay matrix RM are all connected to the control module M1, and execute corresponding control commands sent from the control module M1.
  • the ignition switch signal generated by the second relay group R2 is also sent to the computer through the control module M1 to control the working mode of the test box, and the application software can also control the switch 8 according to the port and control the first relay through the control module M1.
  • the specific relay inside group R1 is disconnected, thereby disconnecting any line to the ECU according to the user's wishes.
  • the circuit diagram graphic data selected by the application software of the computer is displayed on the aperture display 2 of the test box, which is combined with the automatically defined test terminal, thereby making the test work simpler and more convenient and visually intuitive.
  • Each set of connecting harnesses connects the male and female connectors to the test box.
  • Each set of connecting harnesses has a standard 64-pin circular interface at both ends, which can be easily interfaced with the male and female connectors of different electronic control systems of different automobile manufacturers.
  • the back of the female connector and the back of the male connector each have two 64-pin circular interfaces, and the connecting harness is connected to the test box through the four interfaces, so that different male and female connectors can be replaced to achieve different electric powers for different automobile manufacturers.
  • the pin numbers of the male and female connectors are arranged in sequence, and they are sequentially connected to the input end of the test box through a circular interface and a connecting harness.
  • the inside of the test box also maintains this order corresponding to the input terminals of the relay groups R1, R2, so that the relay of the action corresponds to the pin number of the male and female connectors.
  • the relay matrix RM the order is correspondingly connected to the row input terminal of the relay matrix, and the column of the relay matrix is the output terminal, and the output terminals of each column are correspondingly connected to the test terminals (P1 to P18).
  • the test box is powered by a cigarette lighter on the car, and an aperture is mounted on the panel.
  • Display 2 the display has 2 rows and 9 columns with a total of 18 openings, the inside of the opening is 18 test terminals (P1 to P18), the right side of the display is the normal fire test terminal + B, the ignition switch test terminal + IG and ground Line test terminal GND.
  • harnesses C1, C2, C3 and C4 There are four sets of connecting harnesses, namely harnesses C1, C2, C3 and C4. Each set of harnesses is also a 64-pin circular joint at each end, and each bundle also consists of 64 lines.
  • the wire harnesses C1 and C2 are connected to the male connector, and the first 124 wires of the wire harness C1 and the wire harness C2 are used to transmit the signal of the automobile harness, and the last four wires of the wire harness C2 are used to transmit the ID information of the male connector, the harnesses C1 and C2.
  • the first 124 signal lines can be labeled as 1, 2, 3...M, and M as 124.
  • the wiring harnesses C3 and C4 are connected to the female connector, and the first 124 wires of the wiring harnesses C3 and C4 are used to transmit the signals of the ECU 5 of the automotive electronic control system, and the last four wires of the wiring harness C4 are used to transmit the ID information of the female connector.
  • the control module M1 controls the first relay group R1, the second relay group R2 and the relay matrix RM to perform corresponding actions according to the control command of the computer, and it also transmits the ignition switch signal transmitted from the second relay group R2 to the computer.
  • the first relay group R1 is a relay group consisting of 124 first relays 7, which have 124 male connector signals and harnesses in the harnesses C1 and C2 in the test box.
  • the 124 female connector signals of C3 and C4 are sequentially connected, so that the pins corresponding to each other on the female connector and the male connector are connected to each other through the first relay group R1.
  • the application software on the computer controls the opening or closing of the first relay by the control signal SL according to the ignition switch signal. When in the ECU offline test mode, all the first relays are in an off state, and the connection with the ECU is cut off.
  • the ECU offline mode indicator 9 is shown in red (the ECU offline mode indicator is also a graphical indicator in the circuit diagram).
  • the application software can also switch off a specific first relay according to the specific port offline control switch 8 (the port offline control switch or the port offline indicator is a graphic control component or indicator component in the circuit diagram). , so that it separates the connection with the ECU.
  • the specific port offline indicator is displayed in red, otherwise it is displayed in green.
  • the port offline control switch 8 has a function of switching and indicating, which may be referred to as a port offline indicator when performing an offline indication.
  • the first relay group it can be controlled by only one control signal SL to achieve simultaneous opening or closing of each of the first relays.
  • the second relay group R2 is also a relay group consisting of 124 second relays 11, Its input is to connect 124 male connector signals in the wire harnesses C1 and C2, which correspond to the corresponding pins of the male connector.
  • the second relay group R2 selects the ignition switch signal line of the system circuit diagram according to the control of the control module M1, and outputs it as an output to the ignition switch test terminal +IG on the test panel and feeds back to the computer through the control module M1.
  • each of the second relays can be individually controlled, as the control signals SL1, SL2, ..., SLM respectively control the M second relays.
  • the application software on the computer determines the current test mode according to the ignition switch signal. If the ignition switch is in the ON state (Key-on), the ECU online test mode is turned on; if the ignition switch is in the off state (Key-off), it is turned on. ECU offline test mode.
  • the relay matrix RM is a matrix composed of 124*18 third relays 12, and its input is 124 male connector signals in the wire harnesses C1 and C2, which sequentially correspond to the corresponding pins of the male connector.
  • the outputs are respectively connected to the 18 test terminals (P1 to P18) on the test panel, and the computer application software sends a control command to the relay matrix RM according to the ECU pin data of the selected circuit diagram, so that the relays at the corresponding intersections are closed, thereby Find the signals matching the selected circuit diagram ECU test terminals among the 124 input signals, and connect these signals to the test terminals (P1 to P18), which are combined with the selected circuit diagram graphic data to make the test
  • the work is simple and convenient, and the image is intuitive, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of the user's testing work on the electronic control system.
  • the relay matrix there are M third relays in each row, N third relays in each column, and the third relays in each column are connected to form a row input terminal, and the
  • the first relay group R1, the second relay group R2, the relay matrix RM and the control module M1 are all powered by the vehicle power source 3 on the car cigarette lighter 6, and the live and ground wires of the power source are also respectively led to the test box panel. Normally fire test terminal + B and ground test terminal GND.
  • An aperture display 2 which can be used as a panel, is used to display graphic data of the selected circuit diagram, and corresponding test terminals (P1 to P18) are mounted in the display aperture.
  • the definition of the test terminal is realized by the application software according to the ECU pin data of the selected circuit diagram, and the control module M1 is controlled by the control module M1; when different circuit diagrams are selected, the definitions of the respective test terminals are dynamically changed accordingly. Therefore, the device can be widely applied to different electronic control systems of different automobile manufacturers, and different circuit diagrams of the same electronic control system.
  • the application software running in the computer is responsible for the selection of the circuit diagram, the verification of the male and female connectors, the determination of the test mode, and the interaction of the circuit diagram with the external signals;
  • the layout of the circuit diagram is The connection relationship of the electric circuit, the specific components on the circuit diagram and the ECU are connected through the various test terminals and the port offline control switch.
  • the test terminals on the circuit diagram correspond to the physical test terminals on the open-hole display.
  • the port offline indicator uses different colors to indicate the port offline status, green indicates that the port is online, and red indicates that the port is offline. In Fig. 7, for the ECU offline mode indicator 9, the ECU can be indicated in green, and the ECU can be taken offline in red.
  • the first relay, the second relay, and the third relay may have the same structure.
  • the first relay group R1 has M relays; the second relay group R2 has M relays; the relay matrix RM has M*N relays, and the coordinates of each relay are (i, j), wherein i is not greater than M, j is not Greater than N.
  • M relays can operate simultaneously, or one action, or several simultaneous actions; for the second relay group R2, only one of the M relays is controlled; for the relay matrix RM, control Up to N relays in M*N relays operate, with up to one relay action per row and column.
  • the electrical connection to the ECU side is cut off as needed to form an ECU offline test mode.
  • the ignition switch signal line of the automobile is found from the M input signal lines.
  • the relay matrix RM from the M input signals, a maximum of N test terminals corresponding to the circuit diagram displayed by the current display are found and electrically connected.
  • the user selects a certain circuit diagram from the specific electronic control system on the application software, the yin and yang joint ID, the system ID, the circuit diagram ID, the selected circuit diagram ECU pin data and the application software for downloading the graphic data;
  • the application software prompts the user to select a specific yin and yang connector according to the yin and yang connector ID;
  • the user connects the specific yin and yang connectors to the car harness, the car ECU and the test box respectively.
  • the application reads the ID in the yin and yang connector and compares it with the yin and yang connector ID in the database. If the test fails, the user returns and prompts the user to reselect. Yin and yang joints;
  • the ignition switch If the ignition switch is in the on state at this time, it enters the ECU online test mode;
  • the port offline control switch In the ECU online test mode, the port offline control switch is verified. If a port offline control switch is activated, the first relay is controlled by the control module M1 according to the user's selection. One of the relays in the group R1 is disconnected from the ECU side.
  • the status data temporary storage function records the system ID, circuit diagram ID, ECU pin data of the selected circuit diagram, ignition switch status, test mode, port offline indicator signal, and the like.
  • the next step is to test the test terminals (P1 to P18) on the control panel.
  • the graphic data of the selected circuit diagram is displayed through the aperture display.
  • Monitor the circuit diagram for changes that is, whether the user intends to re-select the system circuit diagram or select another circuit diagram in the same system, and if so, return to the step of selecting the system circuit diagram; if the user does not intend to re-select the circuit diagram, monitor whether the user has Exit the command and exit the program if there is, otherwise return to status data monitoring.
  • a test method for an automotive electronic control system includes the following steps:
  • S103 Acquire circuit diagram data, including yin and yang connector ID, system ID, circuit diagram ID, selected circuit diagram ECU pin data, and graphic data;
  • step S105 Check the yin and yang joint ID, that is, compare whether the yin and yang joint ID and the female joint ID in the database are the same, if yes, proceed to step S106; if it fails, return, prompting the user to reselect the yin and yang joint;
  • S106 Determine an ignition switch signal line and read an ignition switch signal
  • step S107 judging the test mode, and determining the test mode according to the ignition switch signal, if it is the ECU offline test mode, proceeding to step S108; otherwise, proceeding to step S109;
  • S108 Start the ECU offline test mode, so that all the relays of the first relay group R1 are completely disconnected;
  • step S110 determining the port offline control switch, if a port offline control switch is turned on (ON), then proceeds to step S111;
  • S111 independently disconnect a specific relay of the first relay group R1 and continue to close other relays
  • S112 state data temporary storage, the data includes a system ID, a circuit diagram ID, a selected circuit diagram ECU pin data, an ignition switch status signal, a test mode, a port offline control switch command, and the like;
  • the invention provides an automobile electric control system tester and a test method thereof, which can automatically replace the definition of the test terminal on the test panel according to the ECU pin data of the selected specific circuit diagram, and then replace the different yin and yang joint groups, that is, the realization can be realized Widely applicable to different automobile manufacturers, different models and different electronic control systems.
  • the replacement male and female connectors can be inspected by their internal ID to prevent any possible incorrect connections.
  • the test terminals on the actual test panel are combined with the virtual circuit diagram displayed on the open-hole display, making the electronic control system test work more intuitive, simple and convenient.
  • the tester can also be replaced with the ECU offline test mode and the ECU online test mode according to the ignition switch signal of the car. Especially in the ECU online test mode, any circuit leading to the ECU can be disconnected according to the user's wishes.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)
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Abstract

一种汽车电控系统测试仪及其测试方法，包括测试盒（4），所述测试盒（4）具有计算机（1）、控制模块（M1）、M个第一接口端、M个第二接口端、M条电气线路（10）、N个测试端子及继电器矩阵（RM），各所述电气线路（10）连接与其对应的所述第一、第二接口端，所述控制模块（M1）控制所述电气线路的通断，所述继电器矩阵（RM）包括M*N个第三继电器，所述计算机（1）存储有多个电路图及与所述电路图对应的数据库，所述电路图具有ECU针脚数据，所述数据库是ECU针脚和测试端子对应关系的数据库。根据选定的具体电路图的ECU针脚数据，自动更换测试面板上测试端子的定义，再配合更换不同的阴阳接头组，即可以实现对不同汽车制造厂家、不同车型、不同的电控系统的广泛适用。

Description

汽车电控系统测试仪及其测试方法 技术领域
本申请涉及汽车电控系统测试领域。
背景技术
在对汽车电子控制系统(以下简称电控系统)进行诊断时，首先需要使用故障诊断仪读取电子控制单元(以下简称ECU)内部存储的故障码等信息，然后就需要使用一种叫做测试盒的装置对具体的线束、部件及ECU进行检测。这种测试盒的一端是一组阴接头和一组阳接头，阴接头用于连接电控系统的ECU，阳接头用于连接汽车线束。阴接头的内部针脚和阳接头的内部针脚一一对应并且相连，从而保证在测试盒接入的情况下，电控系统ECU与汽车线束之间的电气连通。另一端是一个面板，面板上排列105个测试端子(具体的测试端子数量与ECU的针脚数量相同)，每个测试端子都通过线束分别连接到电控系统ECU的各个针脚上。汽车维修技师对测试盒上的各个测试端子的测试，就等同于测试电控系统ECU的各个针脚了。比较有代表性测试盒产品是德国大众汽车公司的测试盒V.A.G 1598/42，这种测试盒安装简单，相比于不使用测试盒，测试工作效率提高了许多。但是，这种测试盒只能测试指定厂家的指定电控系统，对于不同厂家、不同车型、不同电控系统不能普遍适用。测试时需要一边测试一边查找面板上测试端子的对照资料，操作不方便并且费时费力，又不形象直观。
发明内容
本发明提供一种新的汽车电控系统测试仪。
本发明提供一种汽车电控系统测试仪，包括测试盒，所述测试盒具有计算机、控制模块、能够连接汽车线束的M个第一接口端、能够连接汽车电控系统ECU的M个第二接口端、M条电气线路、N个测试端子及继电器矩阵，N小于M，各所述电气线路连接与其对应的所述第一、第二接口端，所述控制模块控制所述电气线路的通断，所述继电器矩阵包括M*N个第三继电器，各所述第三继电器的坐标是(i，j)，所述i是ECU针脚序号，所述j是测试端子序号，所述继电器矩阵的M个行输入 端分别连接M个第一接口端，所述继电器矩阵的N个列输出端分别连接N个测试端子，所述计算机存储有多个电路图及与所述电路图对应的数据库，所述电路图具有ECU针脚数据，所述数据库存储有ECU针脚和测试端子的对应关系，当用户选定所述电路图时，所述计算机根据ECU针脚数据向所述继电器矩阵发出控制指令，使对应坐标的第三继电器闭合。M*N表示M乘以N。
第一接口端按序排列，其序号依次是1、2、3…M，作为输入信号与汽车线束的M个线路一一对应并连接。第二接口端与第一接口端一一按序对应，作为输出信号与汽车ECU的M个针脚一一对应并连接。
M个第一接口端可以集成于同一个接头，即该接头可以具有M个针脚。M个第二接口端可以集成于同一个接头，即该接头可以具有M个针脚。当然，M个第一、第二接口端可以分布于两个或两个以上的接头中。
计算机中运行有应用软件，负责电路图的选择、阴阳接头的校验以及电路图与外界信号的交互；所述的电路图上布局有电气线路的连线关系，电路图上的具体元器件与ECU通过各个测试端子和端口离线控制开关连接。电路图上的测试端子和开孔显示器上的物理测试端子一一对应。所述电路图上的端口离线控制开关也是用不同颜色表示离线状态的端口离线指示器。
计算机存储有电路图及与电路图对应的数据库。通常的，同一个电控系统可以对应多张电路图，则ECU针脚数据分布于多张电路图。
数据库能够反映ECU针脚和测试端子的对应关系。对于继电器矩阵，每个第三继电器对应一个ECU针脚和一个测试端子，即，第三继电器的坐标位置由ECU针脚序号和测试端子序号确定，用户选定电路图后，计算机根据该数据库，使对应坐标的第三继电器闭合，从而在众多输入信号中确定出与各测试端子匹配的信号，使这些信号能够连接到对应的测试端子。
各条电气线路的通断由所述控制模块通过第一继电器组控制，所述第一继电器组包括M个第一继电器，各所述第一继电器连接与其对应的第一、第二接口端，所述控制模块控制所述第一继电器的通断。第一继电器断开时，切断了汽车线束和ECU之间的电气连接。
计算机上的应用软件根据点火开关信号，来控制第一继电器的断开或闭合，当处于ECU离线测试模式时，所有的第一继电器是断开状态， 切断与ECU的连接。此时ECU离线模式指示器显示为一种颜色。当处于ECU在线测试模式时，所有的第一继电器是闭合状态，此时ECU离线模式指示器显示为另一种颜色。在这种模式中，应用软件也可以根据具体的端口离线控制开关(该具体的端口离线控制开关也是在电路图上，并且只有在在线测试模式时有才效)，断开某一个具体的第一继电器，使其单独切断与ECU的连接，此时这个具体的端口离线指示器显示为一种表示离线的颜色，否则显示为一种表示在线的颜色。
所述测试盒还具有能够自动产生点火开关信号的第二继电器组，所述第二继电器组包括M个第二继电器，各所述第二继电器的输入端连接与其对应的第一接口端。各第二继电器的输出端可以连接点火开关测试端子。
第二继电器组根据控制模块的控制选出系统电路图的点火开关信号线，作为输出传到测试面板上的点火开关测试端子并通过控制模块反馈到计算机中；计算机上的应用软件根据点火开关信号决定当前的测试模式，如果点火开关处于接通状态(Key-on)，则开启ECU在线测试模式；如果点火开关处于断开状态(Key-off)，则开启ECU离线测试模式。
所述第一继电器组、第二继电器组及继电器矩阵均由汽车点烟器电源供电。
所述的汽车电控系统测试仪，还包括显示器，所述显示器具有与所述测试端子对应的开孔。即，显示器可以是开孔显示器。
电路图还可以包括图形数据，显示器可以将图形数据显示出来。
所述的汽车电控系统测试仪，还包括第一线束组和第二线束组，所述第一线束组连接所述第一接口端，所述第二线束组连接所述第二接口端。
第一、第二线束组可以包括一根或至少两根线束。
所述电路图还具有与所述第一继电器对应的端口离线控制开关，所述端口离线控制开关与所述控制模块信号连接，使对应某一第一继电器的端口离线控制开关激活时，所述控制模块控制所述某一第一继电器断开。
每个第一继电器都对应一个端口离线控制开关，通过控制该电路图内部的端口离线控制开关，来控制某一个第一继电器的断开；端口离线控制开关未激活时，第一继电器闭合；端口离线控制开关激活时，第一 继电器断开。
一种汽车电控系统测试仪，包括存储模块、控制模块、能够连接汽车线束的M个第一接口端、能够连接汽车电控系统ECU的M个第二接口端、M条电气线路、N个测试端子及继电器矩阵，N小于M，各所述电气线路连接与其对应的所述第一、第二接口端，所述控制模块控制各条所述电气线路的通断，所述继电器矩阵包括M*N个第三继电器，各所述第三继电器的坐标是(i，j)，所述i是ECU针脚序号，所述j是测试端子序号，所述继电器矩阵的M个行输入端分别连接M个第一接口端，所述继电器矩阵的N个列输出端分别连接N个测试端子，所述存储模块存储有带ECU针脚数据的电路图及反映ECU针脚和测试端子对应关系的数据库，当用户选定所述电路图时，所述控制模块根据ECU针脚数据向所述继电器矩阵发出控制指令，使对应坐标的第三继电器闭合。
一种所述的汽车电控系统测试仪的测试方法，包括步骤：
a)接收用户输入的电路图选定指令；
b)对比从阴阳接头中读取的ID数据和数据库中的阴阳接头ID数据，如相同，则进入步骤c)；
c)根据实测车辆的点火开关状态自动选择测试模式，即选择ECU在线测试模式或选择ECU离线测试模式；
d)控制模块根据所述电路图，闭合对应坐标的第三继电器，使输入信号和相匹配的测试端子之间电气连通，完成对测试端子的自动设置。
一种汽车电控系统测试仪的测试方法，包括步骤：
a)接收用户输入的电路图选定指令；
b)对比从阴阳接头中读取的ID数据和数据库中的阴阳接头ID数据，如相同，则进入步骤c)；
c)读取点火开关信号，根据所述点火开关信号确定测试模式；
d)读取端口离线控制开关的状态，如某一个端口离线控制开关打开，则进入步骤e)；
e)独立断开第一继电器组的特定继电器并使其它继电器继续闭合；
f)控制模块根据所述电路图，闭合对应坐标的第三继电器，使输入信号和相匹配的测试端子之间电气连通，完成对测试端子的自动设置。
本发明的有益效果是：能够根据选定的具体电路图的ECU针脚数据，自动更换测试面板上测试端子的定义，再配合更换不同的阴阳接头，即可以实现对不同汽车制造厂家、不同车型、不同的电控系统的广泛适用。
附图说明
图1是本实施方式汽车电控系统测试仪的外部连线图；
图2是本实施方式汽车电控系统测试仪的内部连线图；
图3是本实施方式汽车电控系统测试方法的流程图；
图4是本实施方式的第一继电器组的结构示意图；
图5是本实施方式的第二继电器组的结构示意图；
图6是本实施方式的继电器矩阵的结构示意图；
图7是本实施方式的电路图的端口离线指示器/控制开关的分布示意图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。
如图1至图7所示，一种汽车电控系统测试仪，包括测试盒4，测试盒具有计算机1、控制模块M1、能够连接汽车线束的M个第一接口端、能够连接汽车电控系统ECU的M个第二接口端、M条电气线路10、N个测试端子及继电器矩阵RM，M和N均是自然数且N小于M，各电气线路10连接与其对应的第一、第二接口端，控制模块控制电气线路的通断，继电器矩阵包括M*N个第三继电器12，各第三继电器12的坐标是(i，j)，i是ECU针脚序号，j是测试端子序号，继电器矩阵的M个行输入端分别连接M个第一接口端，继电器矩阵的N个列输出端分别连接N个测试端子，计算机存储有多个电路图及与所述电路图对应的数据库，电路图具有ECU针脚数据，数据库包括ECU针脚和测试端子对应关系的数据库，当用户选定电路图时，计算机根据ECU针脚数据向继电器矩阵发出控制指令，使对应坐标的第三继电器闭合。
如图1至图7所示，本实施方式汽车电控系统测试仪包括测试盒4、四组连接线束以及阴阳接头。
测试盒具有作为测试面板的带有开孔的开孔显示器2、一台计算机1、一个控制模块M1、用于切断ECU一侧连接的第一继电器组R1、用 于自动产生点火开关信号的第二继电器组R2及用于根据选定的电路图ECU针脚数据自动定义测试端子功能的继电器矩阵RM。计算机1存储有不同汽车制造厂家、不同车型、不同电控系统的电路图，每个系统电路图都有唯一的系统ID，而每个系统电路图又被拆分为多张电路图，每张电路图又包括ECU针脚数据和图形数据。计算机内置有应用软件，该应用软件能够根据选定的电路图的ECU针脚数据，产生相应的控制指令。控制模块M1与计算机1连接，其接受计算机的控制指令。第一继电器组R1，第二继电器组R2和继电器矩阵RM均与控制模块M1连接，执行控制模块M1发过来的相应控制指令。同时，第二继电器组R2产生的点火开关信号也通过控制模块M1送到计算机中，来控制测试盒的工作模式，应用软件还可以根据端口离线控制开关8，通过控制模块M1来控制第一继电器组R1内部的具体继电器断开，从而根据用户的意愿断开任意一个通往ECU的线路。同时，通过计算机的应用软件选定的电路图图形数据显示在测试盒的开孔显示器2上，它与自动定义的测试端子组合在一起，从而使测试工作更加简单方便，形象直观。
四组连接线束把阴阳接头和测试盒连接起来，每组连接线束的两头都是标准的64针圆形接口，可以方便的与不同汽车厂家的不同电控系统的阴阳接头对接。
对于不同汽车厂家的不同电控系统，需要配备不同的阴阳接头。阴接头背部和阳接头背部，各有两个64针的圆形接口，连接线束就是通过这四个接口与测试盒相连接，从而通过更换不同的阴阳接头，可以达到对不同汽车厂家的不同电控系统的广泛适用。每个阴阳接头的内部均有一个ID存储器。当阴阳接头通过连接线束和测试盒连接时，测试盒内部的控制模块M1把这个ID信息送入到计算机中，与选定的系统电路图的数据库中阴阳接头ID进行对比校验，从而防止错误连接阴阳接头而产生的各个电气损坏或任何测量不准确的情况发生。阴阳接头的针脚号是依序排列的，它通过圆形接口以及连接线束，依序连接到测试盒的输入端上。测试盒内部也保持这个顺序对应连接到继电器组R1、R2的输入端，从而保证动作的继电器与阴阳接头的针脚号对应。而对于继电器矩阵RM，则是保持这个顺序对应连接到继电器矩阵的行输入端，而继电器矩阵的列为输出端，各列输出端对应连接到测试端子(P1到P18)。
测试盒通过汽车上的点烟器电源供电，其面板上安装有一个开孔显 示器2，显示器上面有2行9列共18个开孔，开孔内部是18个测试端子(P1到P18)，显示器右边分别是常火测试端子+B、点火开关测试端子+IG和地线测试端子GND。
连接线束共有四组，分别是线束C1、C2、C3和C4，每组线束的两端也都是一个64针的圆形接头，每组线束内部也同样由64条线路组成。其中的线束C1，C2与阳接头连接，线束C1和线束C2的前124条线路用来传递汽车线束的信号，线束C2的后4条线路用来传递阳接头的ID信息，线束C1和C2的前124条信号线路可以依次标记为1、2、3…M，M如为124。线束C3、C4线束与阴接头连接，线束C3和C4的前124条线路用来传递汽车电控系统ECU5的信号，线束C4的后4条线路用来传递阴接头的ID信息。
控制模块M1根据计算机的控制指令控制第一继电器组R1、第二继电器组R2和继电器矩阵RM执行相应的动作，同时它也把第二继电器组R2传来的点火开关信号传到计算机中。
如图1、图2及图4所示，第一继电器组R1是一个由124个第一继电器7组成的继电器组，它们在测试盒内把线束C1、C2中的124个阳接头信号和线束C3，C4的124个阴接头信号依序连接起来，从而使阴接头和阳接头上相互对应的针脚通过第一继电器组R1相互连接。计算机上的应用软件根据点火开关信号，来通过控制信号SL控制第一继电器的断开或闭合，当处于ECU离线测试模式时，所有的第一继电器是断开状态，切断与ECU的连接，此时ECU离线模式指示器9显示为红色(ECU离线模式指示器也是电路图里的一个图形指示部件)。当处于ECU在线测试模式时，所有的第一继电器是闭合状态，此时ECU离线模式指示器9显示为绿色。在这种模式中，应用软件也可以根据具体的端口离线控制开关8(端口离线控制开关或端口离线指示器是电路图里的一个图形控制部件或指示部件)，断开某一个具体的第一继电器，使其单独切断与ECU的连接，此时这个具体的端口离线指示器显示为红色，否则显示为绿色。端口离线控制开关8具有开关和指示的功能，在进行离线指示时，可称为端口离线指示器。
对于第一继电器组，其可以仅由一个控制信号SL控制，实现各第一继电器的同时断开或闭合。
第二继电器组R2也是一个由124个第二继电器11组成的继电器组， 它的输入是连接线束C1、C2中的124个阳接头信号，依序与阳接头的相应针脚对应。第二继电器组R2根据控制模块M1的控制从中选出系统电路图的点火开关信号线，作为输出传到测试面板上的点火开关测试端子+IG并通过控制模块M1反馈到计算机中。
对于第二继电器组，各第二继电器可以单独控制，如由控制信号SL1、SL2…SLM分别控制M个第二继电器。
计算机上的应用软件根据点火开关信号决定当前的测试模式，如果点火开关处于接通状态(Key-on)，则开启ECU在线测试模式；如果点火开关处于断开状态(Key-off)，则开启ECU离线测试模式。
继电器矩阵RM是个由124*18个第三继电器12组成的矩阵，它的输入是线束C1、C2中的124个阳接头信号，依序与阳接头的相应针脚对应。输出分别连接到测试面板上的18个测试端子(P1到P18)上，计算机应用软件根据选定的电路图的ECU针脚数据，向继电器矩阵RM发出控制指令，使相应交叉点上的继电器闭合，从而在124个输入信号中找到和选定的电路图ECU测试端子相匹配的信号，并把这些信号连接到测试端子(P1到P18)上，它们与选定的电路图图形数据组合在一起，从而使测试工作简单方便，形象直观，从而提高用户对电控系统测试工作的效率和准确率。如图6所示，对于继电器矩阵，每行有M个第三继电器，每列有N个第三继电器，每列的第三继电器连接形成行输入端，每行的第三继电器连接形成列输出端。
第一继电器组R1、第二继电器组R2、继电器矩阵RM和控制模块M1都通过汽车点烟器6上的汽车电源3供电，这个电源的火线和地线也分别被通往测试盒面板上的常火测试端子+B和地线测试端子GND上。
一个可以作为面板的开孔显示器2，用于显示选定电路图的图形数据，显示器开孔里面安装有相应的测试端子(P1到P18)。测试端子的定义是由应用软件根据选定的电路图的ECU针脚数据，通过控制模块M1，控制继电器矩阵RM来实现；当不同的电路图被选择时，各个测试端子的定义也动态地做相应的变化，从而使用本装置可以广泛适用于不同汽车厂家的不同电控系统，以及同一个电控系统的不同张的电路图。
计算机中运行有应用软件，负责电路图的选择、阴阳接头的校验、测试模式的确定以及电路图与外界信号的交互；所述的电路图上布局有 电气线路的连线关系，电路图上的具体元器件与ECU通过各个测试端子和端口离线控制开关连接。电路图上的测试端子和开孔显示器上物理测试端子一一对应。端口离线指示器用不同的颜色表示端口离线状态，绿色表示端口在线，红色表示端口离线。图7中，对于ECU离线模式指示器9，可以用绿色表示ECU在线，可以用红色表示ECU离线。
本实施方式中，第一继电器、第二继电器及第三继电器可以结构相同。第一继电器组R1有M个继电器；第二继电器组R2有M个继电器；继电器矩阵RM有M*N个继电器，各继电器的坐标是(i，j)，其中，i不大于M，j不大于N。对于第一继电器组R1，M个继电器可以同时动作、或某一个动作、或某几个同时动作；对于第二继电器组R2，只控制M个继电器中的某一个动作；对于继电器矩阵RM，控制M*N个继电器中最多N个继电器动作，其中每行、每列均至多控制一个继电器动作。
对于第一继电器组R1，根据需要，切断通往ECU一侧(第二接口端)的电气连接，形成ECU离线测试模式。对于第二继电器组R2，从M个输入信号线中，找到汽车的点火开关信号线，实测时，汽车点火开关接通时，该点火开关信号线对应的第二继电器闭合，从而进入ECU在线测试模式。对于继电器矩阵RM，从M个输入信号中，找到和当前显示器显示的电路图对应的最多N个测试端子，并电气连接。
如图3所示，整个系统通过以下工作过程实现：
程序起动，用户在应用软件上从具体的电控系统中选择某一张电路图，阴阳接头ID、系统ID、电路图ID、选定的电路图ECU针脚数据和图形数据下载的应用软件中；
应用软件根据阴阳接头ID，提示用户选用具体的阴阳接头；
用户把具体的阴阳接头分别接到汽车线束、汽车ECU和测试盒上，应用程序读取阴阳接头中的ID，与数据库中的阴阳接头ID进行对比，如果检验失败过则返回，提示用户重新选择阴阳接头；
如果检验成功，则进行到下一步，应用软件根据选定的电路图ECU针脚数据，控制第二继电器组R2产生点火开关信号；
如果此时点火开关处于断开状态，则进入到ECU离线测试模式；
如果此时点火开关处于接通状态，则进入到ECU在线测试模式；
在ECU在线测试模式中，检验端口离线控制开关，如果某一个端口离线控制开关激活，则根据用户的选择通过控制模块M1控制第一继电 器组R1中的某一个继电器，使其与ECU一侧断开。
状态数据暂存功能，它记录系统ID、电路图ID、选定的电路图的ECU针脚数据、点火开关状态、测试模式、端口离线指示器信号等。
下一步是应用软件定义控制面板上的测试端子(P1到P18)。
选定电路图的图形数据通过开孔显示器显示出来。
监测状态数据，看点火开关状态、测试模式、端口离线指示器信号是否有变化，如果有变化则返回到重新读取点火开关更新相应指示器信号状态。
监测电路图是否有变化，也就是用户是否打算重新选择系统电路图或在同一个系统内选择另外一张电路图，如果有则返回到选择系统电路图步骤；如果用户没有打算重新选择电路图，则监测用户是否有退出指令，如果有则退出程序，否则返回到状态数据监测。
如图3所示，一种汽车电控系统测试方法，包括如下步骤：
S101：程序开始；
S102：选定电路图；
S103：获取电路图数据，包括阴阳接头ID、系统ID、电路图ID、选定的电路图ECU针脚数据和图形数据等；
S104：接入阴阳接头；
S105：检验阴阳接头ID，即比较阴阳接头ID和数据库中的阴阴接头ID是否相同，如相同则进入步骤S106；如失败则返回，提示用户重新选择阴阳接头；
S106：求出点火开关信号线并读取点火开关信号；
S107：判断测试模式，并根据点火开关信号确定测试模式，如果是ECU离线测试模式，则进入步骤S108；否则，进入步骤S109；
S108：启动ECU离线测试模式，使第一继电器组R1的各继电器全部断开；
S109：启动电ECU在线测试模式，使第一继电器组R1的各继电器全部闭合；
S110：判断端口离线控制开关，如某一个端口离线控制开关打开(ON)，则进入步骤S111；
S111：独立断开第一继电器组R1的特定继电器并使其它继电器继续闭合；
S112：状态数据暂存，数据包括系统ID、电路图ID、选定的电路图ECU针脚数据、点火开关状态信号、测试模式、端口离线控制开关指令等；
S113：继电器矩阵动作，完成测试端子的设置；
S114：显示电路图；
S115：判断监测状态数据，是否变化？
S116：判断电路图是否需要变化？
S117：判断是否需要退出？
S118：退出程序。
本发明提供一种汽车电控系统测试仪及其测试方法，能够根据选定的具体电路图的ECU针脚数据，自动更换测试面板上测试端子的定义，再配合更换不同的阴阳接头组，即可以实现对不同汽车制造厂家、不同车型、不同的电控系统的广泛适用。更换的阴阳接头可以通过其内部的ID进行检验，防止任何可能的错误连接。同时，实际的测试面板上的测试端子与开孔显示器显示的虚拟电路图组合在一起，使电控系统测试工作更加直观，简单和方便。本测试仪还能根据汽车的点火开关信号，更换为ECU离线测试模式和ECU在线测试模式，特别是在ECU在线测试模式下，可以根据用户的意愿断开任意一个通往ECU的线路。
以上内容是结合具体的实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干简单推演或替换。

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  1. 一种汽车电控系统测试仪，其特征在于，包括测试盒，所述测试盒具有计算机、控制模块、能够连接汽车线束的M个第一接口端、能够连接汽车电控系统ECU的M个第二接口端、M条电气线路、N个测试端子及继电器矩阵，N小于M，各所述电气线路连接与其对应的所述第一、第二接口端，所述控制模块控制所述电气线路的通断，所述继电器矩阵包括M*N个第三继电器，各所述第三继电器的坐标是(i，j)，所述i是ECU针脚序号，所述j是测试端子序号，所述继电器矩阵的M个行输入端分别连接M个第一接口端，所述继电器矩阵的N个列输出端分别连接N个测试端子，所述计算机存储有多个电路图及与所述电路图对应的数据库，所述电路图具有ECU针脚数据，所述数据库存储有ECU针脚和测试端子的对应关系，当用户选定所述电路图时，所述计算机根据ECU针脚数据向所述继电器矩阵发出控制指令，使对应坐标的第三继电器闭合。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的汽车电控系统测试仪，其特征在于，各所述电气线路的通断由所述控制模块通过第一继电器组控制，所述第一继电器组包括M个第一继电器，各所述第一继电器连接与其对应的第一、第二接口端，所述控制模块控制所述第一继电器的通断。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的汽车电控系统测试仪，其特征在于，所述电路图还具有与所述第一继电器对应的端口离线控制开关，所述端口离线控制开关与所述控制模块信号连接，使对应某一第一继电器的端口离线控制开关激活时，所述控制模块控制所述某一第一继电器断开。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的汽车电控系统测试仪，其特征在于，所述测试盒还具有能够自动产生点火开关信号的第二继电器组，所述第二继电器组包括M个第二继电器，各所述第二继电器连接与其对应的第一接口端。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的汽车电控系统测试仪，其特征在于，M个所述第一继电器由同一控制信号控制，M个所述第二继电器分别由M个控制信号控制。
  6. 如权利要求4所述的汽车电控系统测试仪，其特征在于，所述第一继电器组、第二继电器组及继电器矩阵均由汽车点烟器电源供电。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的汽车电控系统测试仪，其特征在于，还包括显示器，所述显示器具有与所述测试端子对应的开孔。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的汽车电控系统测试仪，其特征在于，还包括第一线束组和第二线束组，所述第一线束组连接所述第一接口端，所述第二线束组连接所述第二接口端。
  9. 一种汽车电控系统测试仪，包括存储模块、控制模块、能够连接汽车线束的M个第一接口端、能够连接汽车电控系统ECU的M个第二接口端、M条电气线路、N个测试端子及继电器矩阵，N小于M，各所述电气线路连接与其对应的所述第一、第二接口端，所述控制模块控制各条所述电气线路的通断，所述继电器矩阵包括M*N个第三继电器，各所述第三继电器的坐标是(i，j)，所述i是ECU针脚序号，所述j是测试端子序号，所述继电器矩阵的M个行输入端分别连接M个第一接口端，所述继电器矩阵的N个列输出端分别连接N个测试端子，所述存储模块存储有带ECU针脚数据的电路图及反映ECU针脚和测试端子对应关系的数据库，当用户选定所述电路图时，所述控制模块根据ECU针脚数据向所述继电器矩阵发出控制指令，使对应坐标的第三继电器闭合。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的汽车电控系统测试仪，其特征在于，各条所述电气线路的通断由所述控制模块通过第一继电器组控制，所述第一继电器组包括M个第一继电器，各所述第一继电器连接与其对应的第一、第二接口端，所述控制模块控制所述第一继电器的通断。
  11. 如权利要求9所述的汽车电控系统测试仪，其特征在于，还包括能够自动产生点火开关信号的第二继电器组，所述第二继电器组包括M个第二继电器，各所述第二继电器连接与其对应的第一接口端。
  12. 如权利要求1-8中任意一项所述的汽车电控系统测试仪的测试方法，其特征在于，包括：
    a)接收用户输入的电路图选定指令；
    b)对比从阴阳接头中读取的ID数据和数据库中的阴阳接头ID数据，如相同，则进入步骤c)；
    c)根据实测车辆的点火开关状态自动选择ECU在线测试模式或ECU离线测试模式；
    d)控制模块根据所述电路图，闭合对应坐标的第三继电器，使输入信号和相匹配的测试端子之间电气连通，完成对测试端子的自动设置。
  13. 如权利要求1-8中任意一项所述的汽车电控系统测试仪的测试方法，其特征在于，包括：
    a)接收用户输入的电路图选定指令；
    b)对比从阴阳接头中读取的ID数据和数据库中的阴阳接头ID数据，如相同，则进入步骤c)；
    c)读取点火开关信号，根据所述点火开关信号确定测试模式；
    d)读取端口离线控制开关的状态，如某一个端口离线控制开关打开，则进入步骤e)；
    e)独立断开第一继电器组的特定继电器并使其它继电器继续闭合；
    f)控制模块根据所述电路图，闭合对应坐标的第三继电器，使输入信号和相匹配的测试端子之间电气连通，完成对测试端子的自动设置。
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