WO2017129054A1 - 一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物 - Google Patents

一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物 Download PDF

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WO2017129054A1
WO2017129054A1 PCT/CN2017/071826 CN2017071826W WO2017129054A1 WO 2017129054 A1 WO2017129054 A1 WO 2017129054A1 CN 2017071826 W CN2017071826 W CN 2017071826W WO 2017129054 A1 WO2017129054 A1 WO 2017129054A1
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parts
protein
glycoprotein
weight
medicament
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French (fr)
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程潜
徐宝贞
程龙
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程潜
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/7012—Compounds having a free or esterified carboxyl group attached, directly or through a carbon chain, to a carbon atom of the saccharide radical, e.g. glucuronic acid, neuraminic acid
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
    • A61K38/04—Peptides having up to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K38/14—Peptides containing saccharide radicals; Derivatives thereof, e.g. bleomycin, phleomycin, muramylpeptides or vancomycin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/02—Algae
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/40—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
    • A61K31/403—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. carbazole
    • A61K31/404—Indoles, e.g. pindolol
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/7016—Disaccharides, e.g. lactose, lactulose
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/715—Polysaccharides, i.e. having more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ethers, esters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/02—Algae
    • A61K36/03—Phaeophycota or phaeophyta (brown algae), e.g. Fucus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/02—Algae
    • A61K36/04—Rhodophycota or rhodophyta (red algae), e.g. Porphyra
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/02—Algae
    • A61K36/05—Chlorophycota or chlorophyta (green algae), e.g. Chlorella
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/11—Pteridophyta or Filicophyta (ferns)
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/19—Acanthaceae (Acanthus family)
    • A61K36/195—Strobilanthes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/31—Brassicaceae or Cruciferae (Mustard family), e.g. broccoli, cabbage or kohlrabi
    • A61K36/315—Isatis, e.g. Dyer's woad
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/50—Fumariaceae (Fumitory family), e.g. bleeding heart
    • A61K36/505—Corydalis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/66—Papaveraceae (Poppy family), e.g. bloodroot
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/70—Polygonaceae (Buckwheat family), e.g. spineflower or dock
    • A61K36/704—Polygonum, e.g. knotweed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
    • A61P13/02—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of urine or of the urinary tract, e.g. urine acidifiers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a medicine for treating uremia and urine protein, and belongs to the technical field of medicine.
  • Chronic renal failure refers to a clinical syndrome consisting of a series of symptoms and metabolic disorders caused by a variety of kidney diseases leading to progressive irreversible renal function until functional loss, referred to as chronic renal failure.
  • the end stage of chronic renal failure is the uremia that people often say.
  • Uremia is not an independent disease, but a common clinical syndrome of various advanced kidney diseases. It is a syndrome composed of a series of clinical manifestations of chronic renal failure entering the terminal stage.
  • Kidney disease is a common and frequently-occurring disease in the clinic. In recent years, the incidence rate has gradually increased, which is extremely harmful to people's health. Various kidney diseases develop to eventually form chronic renal failure (CRF), resulting in a significant reduction in nephron, leading to disorders in the body's excretion of metabolites, regulation of water, electrolyte balance, and the prognosis is very serious.
  • CRF chronic renal failure
  • the main methods for treating patients with uremia in CRF are dialysis and kidney transplantation. However, there is no specific drug for CRF in early and middle stages, and most of them are passive symptomatic treatment, which can not effectively control the development of CRF.
  • the present invention provides a medicament for treating uremia and urine protein to achieve the following objects:
  • the medicament of the invention has a good therapeutic effect on uremia and urine protein, and the total effective rate is 84-94%;
  • the medicament of the invention reduces toxins in uremia and urine protein patients, and significantly reduces SCr, urine protein content and blood urea nitrogen content;
  • the medicament of the invention improves the nutritional status of the body and increases the contents of plasma albumin (Alb) and hemoglobin (Hb);
  • the medicament of the present invention improves blood rheology, reduces blood coagulation factor I content and whole blood specific viscosity.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a medicament for treating uremia and urinary protein characterized in that the medicament is a glycoprotein, or a mixture or polypeptide or protein of a polysaccharide and a protein, the glycoprotein comprising 1-99% sugar, protein 1-99 %; a mixture of the polysaccharide and protein, including by weight, 1-99% of the polysaccharide, and 1-99% of the protein.
  • the glycoprotein has a molecular weight of 0.2-3000 kDa;
  • the drug is a marine algae glycoprotein.
  • the marine algae glycoprotein comprises, by weight, 1-99% sugar, 1-99% protein; the marine algae polysaccharide and A mixture of proteins, including by weight, 1-99%, and protein 1-99% by weight.
  • the marine algae glycoprotein has a molecular weight of 0.2-3000 kDa;
  • the polysaccharide and protein mixture has a molecular weight of 0.2-3000 kDa
  • the protein has a molecular weight of 0.2-3000 kDa.
  • the drug comprises, by weight, 1-99 parts of glycoprotein and 1-25 parts of glucuronic acid.
  • the drug comprises, by weight, 1-99 parts of marine algae glycoprotein and 1-30 parts of glucuronic acid.
  • the drug comprises, by weight, 1-99 parts of marine algae glycoprotein, 1-30 parts of glucuronic acid, and 2-14 parts of medlar.
  • the algae is one or more of cyanobacteria, green algae, red algae, gold algae, and brown algae.
  • the drug by weight, includes 1-99 parts of marine algae glycoprotein, 4-16 parts of medlar, 7-15 parts of Corydalis, and 1-15 parts of glucuronic acid.
  • the drug by weight, includes 1-99 parts of marine algae glycoprotein, 4-16 parts of medlar, 7-15 parts of Corydalis, and 8-13 parts of Guanzhong.
  • the drug by weight, includes 1-99% sugar and 1-99% protein.
  • the marine algae glycoprotein comprises, by weight, 1-99% sugar and 1-99% protein.
  • the drug of the invention has a good therapeutic effect on uremia and urine protein. After 3 courses of treatment, among the 50 patients, the effect is 20-23, the effective is 22-26, and the invalid is 3. -8 people, the total effective rate is 84-94%;
  • the medicament of the invention reduces uremia and urinary protein toxin, and significantly reduces SCr, urine protein content, blood urea nitrogen content, and after treatment for 3 courses, the patient's SCr content is 282.4-290. ⁇ mol/L, and the urine protein content is 2.42-2.54g/24h, blood urea nitrogen content is 14.2-15.0mmol / L;
  • the medicine of the invention improves the nutritional status of the body and increases the content of plasma albumin (Alb) and hemoglobin (Hb). After three courses of treatment, the Alb content of the patient is 31.2-32.2 g/L; the Hb content is 84.2- 85.7g/L.
  • the drug of the present invention improves blood rheology. After 3 courses of treatment, the patient's blood coagulation factor I content is 3.75-3.82 g/L, and the whole blood specific viscosity is 4.80-4.90.
  • Example 1 A drug for treating uremia and urine protein
  • the drug is a marine algae glycoprotein
  • the marine algae glycoprotein comprises, by weight, 1% sugar, 99% protein
  • the molecular weight is 0.2 kDa
  • the sugar is a polysaccharide
  • the marine algae is cyanobacteria
  • the polysaccharide comprises: glucose, galactose, mannose, rhamnose;
  • the protein comprises: arginine, lysine, serine, threonine;
  • Example 2 A drug for treating uremia and urine protein
  • the drug is a marine algae glycoprotein
  • the marine algae glycoprotein comprises 7% sugar and 88% protein by weight.
  • the molecular weight is 19kDa
  • the sugar is a polysaccharide
  • the marine algae is: green algae;
  • the polysaccharide comprises: glucose, galactose, mannose, rhamnose;
  • the protein comprises: arginine, lysine, serine, threonine;
  • Example 3 A drug for treating uremia and urine protein
  • the drug is a marine algae glycoprotein
  • the marine algae glycoprotein including 22% sugar and 72% protein, by weight
  • the molecular weight is 5kDa
  • the sugar is a polysaccharide
  • the marine algae is: cyanobacteria
  • the polysaccharide comprises: glucose, galactose, mannose, rhamnose;
  • the protein comprises: arginine, lysine, serine, threonine;
  • Example 4 A drug for treating uremia and urine protein
  • the drug is a marine algae glycoprotein
  • the marine algal glycoprotein comprises, by weight, 37% sugar, 53% protein,
  • the molecular weight is 100 kDa
  • the sugar is a polysaccharide
  • the marine algae is: red algae;
  • the polysaccharide comprises: glucose, galactose, mannose, rhamnose;
  • the protein comprises: arginine, lysine, serine, threonine;
  • Example 5 A drug for treating uremia and urine protein
  • the drug is a marine algae glycoprotein
  • the marine algal glycoprotein comprises, by weight, 63% sugar, 30% protein,
  • the molecular weight is 800 kDa
  • the sugar is a polysaccharide
  • the marine algae is: brown algae;
  • the polysaccharide comprises: glucose, galactose, mannose, rhamnose;
  • the protein comprises: arginine, lysine, serine, threonine;
  • Example 6 A drug for treating uremia and urine protein
  • the drug is a marine algae glycoprotein
  • the marine algae glycoprotein by weight, comprises 99% sugar, 1% protein,
  • the molecular weight is 3000kDa
  • the sugar is a polysaccharide
  • the marine algae is: gold algae;
  • the polysaccharide comprises: glucose, galactose, mannose, rhamnose;
  • the protein comprises: arginine, lysine, serine, threonine;
  • the glycoprotein described in the above Examples 1-6 further includes a pigment; the pigment is a natural pigment contained in the algae substance.
  • the drug is a glycoprotein
  • the glycoprotein by weight content, comprises 1-99% sugar, 1-99% protein
  • the molecular weight is 0.2-30000 kDa
  • the sugar is a polysaccharide
  • the drug is a synthetic glycoprotein and a synthetic polysaccharide and protein.
  • the protein comprises 20 amino acids and 8 synthetic amino acids
  • the preparation method of the medicine the glycoprotein is prepared into capsules, tablets and the like according to a conventional process; the mixture of the polysaccharide and the protein is formed into capsules, tablets and the like according to a conventional process.
  • Case selection selection of CRF renal insufficiency decompensation period, serum creatinine (SCr) was 186-442umol / L patients as subjects.
  • the primary disease is chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) and nephrotic syndrome (NS), renal arteriosclerosis, diabetic nephropathy, kidney capsule Except for patients with CRF caused by swelling or the like.
  • observation cases were randomly divided into 50 groups in each group; the age ranged from 19 to 66 years, with an average of 44.6 ⁇ 12.6 years; the course of disease was 12-46 months, with an average of 22.6 ⁇ 8.6 months;
  • Treatment group 1-6 The drugs of Examples 1-6 of the present invention were administered; the dosage was 3 g/day, 3 times a day;
  • Control group the patient was given oral aldoxime starch 5 ⁇ 10g, 2 times a day;
  • the patients were treated with Chinese and Western medicine 2 weeks before treatment, and the original hormone therapy was gradually reduced.
  • the treatment was given high-quality low-protein, low-phosphorus, high-calorie diet, correcting water, electrolyte imbalance, acidosis, anti-infection, etc.
  • Temporary reversible factors that may cause renal function. Patients with hypertension combined with Luoting new 5-20mg, once a day, or / and heart pain 10-20mg, 3-4 times a day.
  • the treatment group was treated for 3 courses, and observed SCr, blood urea nitrogen (blood BUN), plasma albumin (Alb), hemoglobin (Hb), 24h urine protein, blood coagulation factor I (Fib), whole blood specific viscosity.
  • the count data was measured by X 2 and the measurement data was analyzed by t test;
  • the medicine of the invention has good therapeutic effect on uremia and urine protein.
  • the effective effect is 20-23
  • the effective is 22-26
  • the invalid is 3-8
  • the total effective rate is 84-94%.
  • the medicine of the invention reduces uremia and urinary protein toxin, and significantly reduces SCr, urine protein content, blood urea nitrogen content, and after treatment for 3 courses, the patient's SCr content is 282.4-290. ⁇ mol/L, and the urine protein content is 2.42-2.54. g/24h, blood urea nitrogen content is 14.2-15.0mmol / L.
  • the medicine of the invention improves the nutritional status of the body and improves the plasma albumin (Alb) and hemoglobin (Hb) treatment, and the Alb content of the patient is 31.2-32.2 g/L; the Hb content is 84.2-85.7 g/L.
  • the medicine of the invention improves blood rheology, and after three courses of treatment, the blood coagulation factor I content is 3.75-3.82 g/L, and the whole blood specific viscosity is 4.80-4.90.
  • Example 8 A drug for treating uremia and urine protein
  • the marine algae glycoprotein which comprises 9% sugar and 88% protein by weight
  • the molecular weight is 14kDa
  • the sugar is a polysaccharide
  • the marine algae is: spirulina
  • the polysaccharide comprises: glucose, galactose, mannose, rhamnose;
  • the protein comprises: arginine, lysine, serine, threonine;
  • Example 9 A drug for treating uremia and urine protein
  • Example 10 A medicament for treating uremia and urine protein
  • Example 11 A medicament for treating uremia and urine protein
  • Example 12 A medicament for treating uremia and urine protein
  • the marine algae glycoprotein comprises, by weight, 18% sugar, 74% protein,
  • the molecular weight is 22kDa
  • the sugar is a polysaccharide
  • the marine algae is: chlorella;
  • the polysaccharide comprises: glucose, galactose, mannose, rhamnose;
  • the protein comprises: arginine, lysine, serine, threonine;
  • Example 13 A medicament for treating uremia and urine protein
  • Example 14 A medicament for treating uremia and urine protein
  • Example 15 A medicament for treating uremia and urine protein
  • Example 7 Using the test method described in Example 7, the drugs described in Example 8 - Example 15 were used, and the application effects were as follows:
  • Example 9 was the most preferred embodiment
  • Example 13 is the most preferred embodiment.
  • Example 16 A medicament for treating uremia and urine protein
  • the marine algae glycoprotein in parts by weight, comprises 26% sugar and 74% protein.
  • the molecular weight is 6kDa
  • the marine algae is: cyanobacteria
  • the polysaccharide comprises: glucose, galactose, mannose, rhamnose;
  • the protein comprises: arginine, lysine, serine, threonine;
  • Example 17 A medicament for treating uremia and urine protein
  • Example 18 A medicament for treating uremia and urine protein
  • Example 19 A medicament for treating uremia and urine protein
  • the marine algal glycoprotein comprises, by weight, 63% sugar, 30% protein,
  • the molecular weight is 200kDa
  • the sugar is a polysaccharide
  • the marine algae is: cyanobacteria
  • the polysaccharide comprises: glucose, galactose, mannose, rhamnose;
  • the protein comprises: arginine, lysine, serine, threonine;
  • Example 20 A medicament for treating uremia and urine protein
  • Example 21 A medicament for treating uremia and urine protein
  • Example 7 The test method described in Example 7 was adopted, and the modification was carried out by using the drugs described in Example 16 to Example 21, and the application effects were as follows:
  • Example 16-18 only the weight ratio of marine algae glycoprotein, barley, corydalis, glucuronic acid was changed, and according to the experimental results, Example 17 was the most preferred embodiment
  • Example 19-21 only the weight ratio of the marine algae glycoprotein, the barley, the Corydalis, and the cohort was changed. According to the experimental results, Example 20 was the most preferred embodiment.
  • Example 22 A medicament for treating uremia and urine protein
  • the marine algae glycoprotein which comprises 10% sugar, 85% protein, by weight,
  • the molecular weight is 15kDa
  • the marine algae is: chlorella;
  • the sugar in parts by weight, comprises the following components: 8 parts of glucose, 5 parts of galactose, 11 parts of mannose;
  • the protein in parts by weight, comprises the following components: 7 parts of serine, 9 parts of threonine, and 15 parts of hydroxylysine;
  • Example 23 A medicament for treating uremia and urine protein
  • the marine algae glycoprotein which comprises 60% by weight of sugar and 25% by weight of protein
  • the molecular weight is 18kDa
  • the marine algae is: yellow algae;
  • the sugar in parts by weight, comprises the following components: 20 parts of glucose, 8 parts of galactose, 15 parts of mannose;
  • the protein in parts by weight, comprises the following components: 10 parts of serine, 15 parts of threonine, and 17 parts of hydroxylysine;
  • Example 24 A method for preparing a medicament for treating uremia and urine protein
  • Step 1 weighing
  • the traditional Chinese medicine is pulverized into 100 mesh medicinal material powder, 8 times of 50% ethanol is added, the control temperature is 60 ° C, microwave irradiation with 260 W microwave power, microwave wavelength of 130 mm, frequency of 1200 MHz for 5 min, filtration, and the filtrate is collected;
  • the two filtrates are combined and spray-dried to obtain a Chinese medicine powder
  • the marine algae glycoprotein powder is combined with the above-mentioned prepared Chinese medicine powder and mixed to prepare a capsule, a tablet or the like.
  • Example 7 The test method described in Example 7 was adopted, and the modification was carried out by using the drugs described in Example 22 to Example 23, and the application effects were as follows:
  • the medicament of the present invention has a pH of between 5.3 and 9.8, preferably between 6.5 and 7.5.
  • the invention has been subjected to a large number of tests, and the invention has been carried out by performing a plurality of tests on a mixture of marine shells, bones of livestock and poultry, glycoprotein extracted from the skeleton of marine animals, and polysaccharides and proteins.
  • Example 25 A medicament for treating uremia and urine protein
  • the drug is a mixture of polysaccharides and proteins
  • the drug in parts by weight, comprises 1-99% polysaccharide, 1-99% protein;
  • the polysaccharide comprises: glucose, galactose, mannose, rhamnose;
  • the protein comprises: asparagine, cysteine, lysine, arginine, serine, threonine, alanine, aspartic acid, glutamine, glutamic acid, histidine, Isoleucine, glycine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, valine, tyrosine, valine.
  • the polysaccharide and protein mixture has a molecular weight of 0.2-3000 kDa
  • the protein has a molecular weight of 0.2-3000 kDa.
  • the pigment is a natural pigment contained in an algae substance
  • the algal protein may be phycocyanin, phycoerythrin or phycoerythrin.
  • the drug of the invention has a non-toxic dose of 1.6 g/kg for oral administration for dogs for 12 weeks, which is equivalent to 50 times of the equivalent dose for humans, so the safety of the clinical test can be considered to be guaranteed.
  • the medicament of the present invention may also be a health care product or a food.

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Abstract

本发明提供一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物，所述药物为糖蛋白或多糖和蛋白质的混合物或多肽或蛋白。

Description

一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物 技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物，属于医药技术领域。
背景技术
慢性肾衰竭是指各种肾脏病导致肾脏功能渐进性不可逆性减退，直至功能丧失所出现的一系列症状和代谢紊乱所组成的临床综合征，简称慢性肾衰。慢性肾衰的终末期即为人们常说的尿毒症。尿毒症不是一个独立的疾病，而是各种晚期的肾脏病共有的临床综合征，是慢性肾功能衰竭进入终末阶段时出现的一系列临床表现所组成的综合征。
肾脏病是临床常见病、多发病。近年来发病率有逐渐增加的趋势，对人民的健康危害极大。各种肾脏病发展到最终形成慢性肾功能衰竭(CRF)，造成肾单位明显减少，导致机体在排泄代谢产物、调节水、电解质平衡等方面出现紊乱，预后非常严重。目前西医治疗尿毒症期的CRF患者的主要方法为透析和肾移植，而对于早、中期的CRF尚无特效药物，多以被动的对症治疗为主，不能有效地控制CRF的发展进程。
发明内容
本发明为解决现有技术中存在的不足，提供一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物，以实现以下发明目的：
(1)本发明所述药物，对尿毒症和尿蛋白具有较好的治疗效果，总有效率达84-94％；
(2)本发明药物，降低尿毒症和尿蛋白患者体内毒素，显著降低SCr、尿蛋白含量、血尿素氮含量；
(3)本发明所述药物，改善肌体营养状况，提高血浆白蛋白(Alb)、血红蛋白(Hb)含量；
(4)本发明所述药物，改善血液流变状况，降低凝血因子I含量和全血比粘度。
为解决以上技术问题，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物，其特征在于：所述药物为糖蛋白，或多糖和蛋白质的混合物或多肽或蛋白，所述糖蛋白包括糖1-99％，蛋白质1-99％；所述多糖和蛋白质的混合物，以重量含量计，包括多糖1-99％，蛋白质1-99％。所述糖蛋白，分子量为0.2-3000kDa；
以下是对上述技术方案的进一步改进：
所述药物为海洋藻类糖蛋白。
所述海洋藻类糖蛋白，以重量含量计，包括糖1-99％，蛋白质1-99％；所述海洋藻类多糖和 蛋白质的混合物，以重量含量计，包括多糖1-99％，蛋白质1-99％。
所述海洋藻类糖蛋白，分子量为0.2-3000kDa；
所述多糖和蛋白质的混合物，多糖的分子量为0.2-3000kDa，蛋白质的分子量为0.2-3000kDa。
所述药物，以重量含量计，包括糖蛋白1-99份、葡萄糖醛酸1-25份。
所述药物，以重量含量计，包括海洋藻类糖蛋白1-99份、葡萄糖醛酸1-30份。
所述药物，以重量含量计，包括海洋藻类糖蛋白1-99份、葡萄糖醛酸1-30份、青黛2-14份。
所述藻类为蓝藻、绿藻、红藻、金藻、褐藻中的一种或多种。
所述药物，以重量含量计，包括海洋藻类糖蛋白1-99份、青黛4-16份、延胡索7-15份、葡萄糖醛酸1-15份。
所述药物，以重量含量计，包括海洋藻类糖蛋白1-99份、青黛4-16份、延胡索7-15份、贯众8-13份。
所述药物，以重量含量计，包括糖1-99％，蛋白质1-99％。
所述海洋藻类糖蛋白，以重量含量计，包括糖1-99％，蛋白质1-99％。
相对现有技术，本发明的有益效果为：
(1)本发明所述药物，对尿毒症和尿蛋白具有较好的治疗效果，治疗3个疗程后，50名患者中，显效为20-23人，有效为22-26人，无效为3-8人，总有效率为84-94％；
(2)本发明药物，降低尿毒症和尿蛋白毒素，显著降低SCr、尿蛋白含量、血尿素氮含量，治疗3个疗程后，患者SCr含量为282.4-290.μmol/L，尿蛋白含量为2.42-2.54g/24h，血尿素氮含量为14.2-15.0mmol/L；
(3)本发明所述药物，改善肌体营养状况，提高血浆白蛋白(Alb)、血红蛋白(Hb)含量，治疗3个疗程后，患者Alb含量为31.2-32.2g/L；Hb含量为84.2-85.7g/L。
(4)本发明所述药物，改善血液流变状况，治疗3个疗程后，患者凝血因子I含量为3.75-3.82g/L，全血比粘度为4.80-4.90。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明的优选实施例进行说明，应当理解，此处所描述的优选实施例仅用于说明和解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1 一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物
所述药物，为海洋藻类糖蛋白；
所述海洋藻类糖蛋白，以重量含量计，包括糖1％，蛋白质99％；
分子量为0.2kDa；
所述糖为多糖；
所述海洋藻类为蓝藻；
所述多糖，包括：葡萄糖、半乳糖、甘露糖、鼠李糖；
所述蛋白质，包括：精氨酸、赖氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸；
实施例2 一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物
所述药物为海洋藻类糖蛋白；
所述海洋藻类糖蛋白，以重量含量计，包括糖7％，蛋白质88％，
分子量为19kDa；
所述糖为多糖；
所述海洋藻类为：绿藻；
所述多糖，包括：葡萄糖、半乳糖、甘露糖、鼠李糖；
所述蛋白质，包括：精氨酸、赖氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸；
实施例3 一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物
所述药物为海洋藻类糖蛋白；
所述海洋藻类糖蛋白，以重量含量计，包括糖22％，蛋白质72％，
分子量为5kDa；
所述糖为多糖；
所述海洋藻类为：蓝藻；
所述多糖，包括：葡萄糖、半乳糖、甘露糖、鼠李糖；
所述蛋白质，包括：精氨酸、赖氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸；
实施例4 一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物
所述药物为海洋藻类糖蛋白；
所述海洋藻类糖蛋白，以重量含量计，包括糖37％，蛋白质53％，
分子量为100kDa；
所述糖为多糖；
所述海洋藻类为：红藻；
所述多糖，包括：葡萄糖、半乳糖、甘露糖、鼠李糖；
所述蛋白质，包括：精氨酸、赖氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸；
实施例5 一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物
所述药物为海洋藻类糖蛋白；
所述海洋藻类糖蛋白，以重量含量计，包括糖63％，蛋白质30％，
分子量为800kDa；
所述糖为多糖；
所述海洋藻类为：褐藻；
所述多糖，包括：葡萄糖、半乳糖、甘露糖、鼠李糖；
所述蛋白质，包括：精氨酸、赖氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸；
实施例6 一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物
所述药物为海洋藻类糖蛋白；
所述海洋藻类糖蛋白，以重量含量计，包括糖99％，蛋白质1％，
分子量为3000kDa；
所述糖为多糖；
所述海洋藻类为：金藻；
所述多糖，包括：葡萄糖、半乳糖、甘露糖、鼠李糖；
所述蛋白质，包括：精氨酸、赖氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸；
上述实施例1-6所述的糖蛋白，还包括色素；所述色素为藻类物质中含有的天然色素。
对上述实施例1-6进行概括为：
一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物
所述药物，为糖蛋白；
所述糖蛋白，以重量含量计，包括糖1-99％，蛋白质1-99％；
分子量为0.2-30000kDa；
所述糖为多糖；
所述药物，为合成糖蛋白及合成多糖和蛋白质。
所述蛋白包括20种氨基酸和8种人工合成氨基酸；
所述药物的制备方法：糖蛋白按照常规工艺制成胶囊、片剂等；多糖和蛋白的混合物按照常规工艺制成胶囊、片剂等。
实施例7 所述药物在治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白中的应用
病例选择，选择CRF肾功能不全失代偿期即血清肌酐(SCr)为186-442umol/L患者为观察对象。原发病均为慢性肾小球肾炎(CGN)和肾病综合症(NS)，肾动脉硬化、糖尿病肾病、肾囊 肿等引起的CRF患者除外。
将观察病例随机分组，每组50人；年龄19-66岁，平均44.6±12.6岁；病程12-46个月，平均22.6±8.6个月；
治疗组1-6：给予本发明实施例1-6所述药物；用量为3g/天，每日3次；
对照组：患者给予口服包醛氧淀粉5～10g，每日2次；
各组均以1个月为1疗程。
患者治疗前2周停用中西药物治疗，原用激素治疗者逐渐减量；治疗时均给予优质低蛋白、低磷、高热量饮食，纠正水、电解质紊乱及酸中毒，抗感染等，以祛除可能引起肾功能暂时的可逆因素。合并有高血压者给予洛汀新5-20mg，每日1次，或/和心痛定10-20mg，每日3-4次。
治疗组均治疗3个疗程，并观察SCr、血尿素氮(血BUN)、血浆白蛋白(Alb)、血红蛋白(Hb)、24h尿蛋白、凝血因子I(Fib)、全血比粘度。
计数资料采用X2检验，计量资料采用t检验；
表1本发明药物总体治疗效果
  显效(例) 有效(例) 无效(例) 总有效率(％)
对照 10 22 18 64
实施例1 21 25 4 92
实施例2 22 25 3 94
实施例3 23 24 3 94
实施例4 20 26 4 92
实施例5 22 23 5 90
实施例6 20 22 8 84
本发明药物，对尿毒症和尿蛋白具有较好的治疗效果，50人中，显效为20-23人，有效为22-26人，无效为3-8人，总有效率为84-94％。
表2本发明药物对降低尿毒症和尿蛋白毒素、改善肌体营养状况的效果
[根据细则26改正13.03.2017]　
Figure WO-DOC-TABLE-2
本发明药物，降低尿毒症和尿蛋白毒素，显著降低SCr、尿蛋白含量、血尿素氮含量，治疗3个疗程后，患者SCr含量为282.4-290.μmol/L，尿蛋白含量为2.42-2.54g/24h，血尿素氮含量为14.2-15.0mmol/L。
本发明药物，改善肌体营养状况，提高血浆白蛋白(Alb)、血红蛋白(Hb)含治疗3个疗程后，患者Alb含量为31.2-32.2g/L；Hb含量为84.2-85.7g/L。
表3本发明药物对血液流变的影响
[根据细则26改正13.03.2017]　
Figure WO-DOC-TABLE-3
本发明药物，改善血液流变状况，治疗3个疗程后，凝血因子I含量为3.75-3.82g/L，全血比粘度为4.80-4.90。
实施例8 一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物
以重量份计，包括以下组分：
海洋藻类糖蛋白1份、葡萄糖醛酸1份；
所述海洋藻类糖蛋白，以重量含量计，包括糖9％，蛋白质88％，
分子量为14kDa；
所述糖为多糖；
所述海洋藻类为：螺旋藻；
所述多糖，包括：葡萄糖、半乳糖、甘露糖、鼠李糖；
所述蛋白质，包括：精氨酸、赖氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸；
实施例9 一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物
同实施例8，改变海洋藻类糖蛋白、葡萄糖醛酸的重量份配比，改变为：
以重量份计，包括以下组分：海洋藻类糖蛋白33份、葡萄糖醛酸7份；
实施例10 一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物
同实施例8，改变海洋藻类糖蛋白、葡萄糖醛酸的重量份配比，改变为：
以重量份计，包括以下组分：海洋藻类糖蛋白64份、葡萄糖醛酸19份；
实施例11 一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物
同实施例8，改变海洋藻类糖蛋白、葡萄糖醛酸的重量份配比，改变为：
以重量份计，包括以下组分：海洋藻类糖蛋白99份、葡萄糖醛酸30份；
实施例12 一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物
以重量份计，包括以下组分：海洋藻类糖蛋白1份、葡萄糖醛酸1份、青黛2份；
所述海洋藻类糖蛋白，以重量含量计，包括糖18％，蛋白质74％，
分子量为22kDa；
所述糖为多糖；
所述海洋藻类为：小球藻；
所述多糖，包括：葡萄糖、半乳糖、甘露糖、鼠李糖；
所述蛋白质，包括：精氨酸、赖氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸；
实施例13 一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物
同实施例12，只改变海洋藻类糖蛋白、葡萄糖醛酸、青黛的重量配比，改变为：
以重量份计，包括以下组分：海洋藻类糖蛋白27份、葡萄糖醛酸9份、青黛5份；
实施例14 一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物
同实施例12，只改变海洋藻类糖蛋白、葡萄糖醛酸、青黛的重量配比，改变为：
以重量份计，包括以下组分：海洋藻类糖蛋白50份、葡萄糖醛酸21份、青黛9份；
实施例15 一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物
同实施例12，只改变海洋藻类糖蛋白、葡萄糖醛酸、青黛的重量配比，改变为：
以重量份计，包括以下组分：海洋藻类糖蛋白99份、葡萄糖醛酸30份、青黛14份。
上述实施例8-实施例15所述药物在治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白中的应用：
采用实施例7所述的试验方法，采用实施例8-实施例15所述药物，应用效果如下：
表4本发明药物的总体治疗效果
  显效(例) 有效(例) 无效(例) 总有效率(％)
对照 10 22 18 64
实施例8 23 23 4 92
实施例9 36 13 1 98
实施例10 23 24 3 94
实施例11 24 22 4 92
实施例12 22 24 4 92
实施例13 36 13 1 98
实施例14 22 25 3 94
实施例15 23 24 3 94
表5本发明药物对降低尿毒症和尿蛋白毒素、改善肌体营养状况的效果
[根据细则26改正13.03.2017]　
Figure WO-DOC-TABLE-5
表6本发明药物对血液流变的影响
[根据细则26改正13.03.2017]　
Figure WO-DOC-TABLE-6
实施例8-11，只改变海洋藻类糖蛋白、葡萄糖醛酸的重量份配比，根据实验效果，得实施例9是最优选实施例；
实施例12-15，只改变海洋藻类糖蛋白、葡萄糖醛酸、青黛的重量配比，根据实验效果，得
实施例13是最优选实施例。
实施例16 一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物
以重量份计，包括以下组分：
以重量含量计，包括海洋藻类糖蛋白1份、青黛4份、延胡索7份、葡萄糖醛酸1份。
所述海洋藻类糖蛋白，以重量份计，包括糖26％，蛋白质74％，
分子量为6kDa；
所述海洋藻类为：蓝藻；
所述多糖，包括：葡萄糖、半乳糖、甘露糖、鼠李糖；
所述蛋白质，包括：精氨酸、赖氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸；
实施例17 一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物
同实施例16，只改变海洋藻类糖蛋白、青黛、延胡索、葡萄糖醛酸的重量份比，改变为：
以重量含量计，包括海洋藻类糖蛋白43份、青黛6份、延胡索12份、葡萄糖醛酸11份。
实施例18 一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物
同实施例16，只改变海洋藻类糖蛋白、青黛、延胡索、葡萄糖醛酸的重量份比，改变为：
以重量含量计，包括海洋藻类糖蛋白99份、青黛16份、延胡索15份、葡萄糖醛酸15份。
实施例19 一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物
以重量份计，包括海洋藻类糖蛋白1份、青黛4份、延胡索7份、贯众8份。
所述海洋藻类糖蛋白，以重量含量计，包括糖63％，蛋白质30％，
分子量为200kDa；
所述糖为多糖；
所述海洋藻类为：蓝藻；
所述多糖，包括：葡萄糖、半乳糖、甘露糖、鼠李糖；
所述蛋白质，包括：精氨酸、赖氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸；
实施例20 一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物
同实施例19，只改变海洋藻类糖蛋白、青黛、延胡索、贯众的重量份配比，改变为：
以重量份计，包括海洋藻类糖蛋白56份、青黛13份、延胡索11份、贯众9份。
实施例21 一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物
同实施例19，只改变海洋藻类糖蛋白、青黛、延胡索、贯众的重量份配比，改变为：
以重量份计，包括海洋藻类糖蛋白99份、青黛16份、延胡索15份、贯众13份。
上述实施例16-实施例21所述药物在治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白中的应用：
采用实施例7所述的试验方法，改变之处为采用实施例16-实施例21所述药物，应用效果如下：
表7本发明药物的总体治疗效果
  显效(例) 有效(例) 无效(例) 总有效率(％)
对照 10 22 18 64
实施例16 25 22 3 94
实施例17 37 12 1 98
实施例18 26 21 3 94
实施例19 24 22 4 92
实施例20 38 11 1 98
实施例21 25 22 3 94
表8本发明药物对降低尿毒症和尿蛋白毒素、改善肌体营养状况的效果
[根据细则26改正13.03.2017]　
Figure WO-DOC-TABLE-8
表9本发明药物对血液流变的影响
[根据细则26改正13.03.2017]　
Figure WO-DOC-TABLE-9
实施例16-18，只改变海洋藻类糖蛋白、青黛、延胡索、葡萄糖醛酸的重量份比，根据实验效果，得实施例17是最优选实施例；
实施例19-21，只改变海洋藻类糖蛋白、青黛、延胡索、贯众的重量份配比，根据实验效果，得实施例20是最优选实施例。
实施例22 一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物
以重量份计，包括以下组分：
海洋藻类糖蛋白80份、苦参10份、木香5份、紫花杜鹃5份、一箭球7份、吴茱萸8份、鹿衔草10份、菟丝子8份、黄精6份；
所述海洋藻类糖蛋白，以重量含量计，包括糖10％，蛋白质85％，
分子量为15kDa；
所述海洋藻类为：小球藻；
所述糖，以重量份计，包括如下组分：葡萄糖8份，半乳糖5份，甘露糖11份；
所述蛋白质，以重量份，包括如下组分：丝氨酸7份、苏氨酸9份、羟基赖氨酸15份；
实施例23 一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物
以重量份计，包括以下组分：
海洋藻类糖蛋白75份、淫羊藿10份、肉蔻8份、没食子7份、制附子9份、天麻6份、青风藤5份、荷叶6份、苦丁茶3份；
所述海洋藻类糖蛋白，以重量含量计，包括糖60％，蛋白质25％，
分子量为18kDa；
所述海洋藻类为：黄群藻；
所述糖，以重量份计，包括如下组分：葡萄糖20份，半乳糖8份，甘露糖15份；
所述蛋白质，以重量份，包括如下组分：丝氨酸10份、苏氨酸15份、羟基赖氨酸17份；
实施例24 一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物的制备方法
步骤1、称量
按照配方称量海洋藻类糖蛋白和各中药成分；
步骤2、中药的浸提
(1)清洗
将各中药成分，用清水冲洗，去处杂质；
(2)粉碎、微波萃取
将中药粉碎处理成100目药材粉末，加入8倍量50％乙醇，控制温度为60℃，以260W微波功率、微波波长为130毫米，频率为1200兆赫的微波辐射5min，过滤，收集滤液；
分离药渣，加入6倍体积的清水，控制温度为50℃，以200W微波功率、微波波长为140毫米，频率为1250兆赫的微波辐射5min，过滤，收集滤液；
合并两次的滤液，喷雾干燥，得中药粉末；
步骤3、加入海洋藻类糖蛋白
海洋藻类糖蛋白粉末，和上述制好的中药粉末合并，进行混合，制成胶囊、片剂等制剂。
上述实施例22-实施例23所述药物在治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白中的应用：
采用实施例7所述的试验方法，改变之处为采用实施例22-实施例23所述药物，应用效果如下：
表10本发明药物的总体治疗效果
  显效(例) 有效(例) 无效(例) 总有效率(％)
对照 10 22 18 64
实施例22 39 10 1 98
实施例23 38 11 1 98
表11本发明药物对降低尿毒症和尿蛋白毒素、改善肌体营养状况的效果
[根据细则26改正13.03.2017]　
Figure WO-DOC-TABLE-11
表12本发明药物对血液流变的影响
[根据细则26改正13.03.2017]　
Figure WO-DOC-TABLE-12
本发明所述药物，pH为5.3-9.8之间，优选为6.5-7.5之间。
本发明经过大量试验，我们采取了海洋贝壳类、畜禽类的骨头、海洋动物的骨架中提取的糖蛋白及多糖、蛋白的混合物进行多次试验，也能实现本发明的发明目的。
实施例25 一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物
所述药物，为多糖、蛋白质的混合物；
所述药物，以重量份计，包括多糖1-99％、蛋白质1-99％；
所述多糖，包括：葡萄糖、半乳糖、甘露糖、鼠李糖；
所述蛋白质，包括：天冬酰胺、半胱氨酸、赖氨酸、精氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸、丙氨酸、天冬氨酸、谷氨酰胺、谷氨酸、组氨酸、异亮氨酸、甘氨酸、亮氨酸、甲硫氨酸、苯丙氨酸、脯氨酸、酪氨酸、缬氨酸。
所述多糖和蛋白质的混合物，多糖的分子量为0.2-3000kDa，蛋白质的分子量为0.2-3000kDa。
所述多糖和蛋白的混合物，进一步为藻类多糖和藻类蛋白的混合物；
所述藻类多糖和藻类蛋白的混合物，还包括色素；
所述色素为藻类物质中含有的天然色素；
所述藻类蛋白可以是藻蓝蛋白、藻红蛋白或藻黄色蛋白。
本发明所述药物对犬经口给药12周无毒性反应剂量为1.6g/kg，相当于人用等效剂量的50倍，故可认为临床试验的安全性可以得到保障。
本发明所述药物，还可以是保健品或食品。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物，其特征在于：所述药物为糖蛋白或多糖和蛋白质的混合物或多肽或蛋白。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物，其特征在于：所述药物为海洋藻类糖蛋白。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物，其特征在于：所述糖蛋白，以重量含量计，包括糖1-99％，蛋白质1-99％；所述海洋藻类糖蛋白，以重量含量计，包括糖1-99％，蛋白质1-99％；所述多糖和蛋白质的混合物，以重量含量计，包括糖1-99％，蛋白质1-99％。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物，其特征在于：所述糖蛋白，分子量为0.2-3000kDa；所述海洋藻类糖蛋白，分子量为0.2-3000kDa；所述多糖和蛋白质的混合物，多糖的分子量为0.2-3000kDa，蛋白质的分子量为0.2-3000kDa。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物，其特征在于：以重量含量计，包括糖蛋白1-99份、葡萄糖醛酸1-30份。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物，其特征在于：以重量含量计，包括糖蛋白1-99份、葡萄糖醛酸1-30份、青黛2-14份。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物，其特征在于：所述藻类为蓝藻、绿藻、红藻、金藻、褐藻中的一种或多种。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物，其特征在于：以重量含量计，包括糖蛋白1-99份、青黛4-16份、延胡索7-15份、葡萄糖醛酸1-15份。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物，其特征在于：以重量含量计，包括糖蛋白1-99份、青黛4-16份、延胡索7-15份、贯众8-13份。
  10. 根据权利要求5-9所述的一种用于治疗尿毒症和尿蛋白的药物，其特征在于：所述糖蛋白、海洋藻类糖蛋白，以重量含量计，包括糖1-99％，蛋白质1-99％。
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