WO2017127911A1

WO2017127911A1 - Belt conveyor

Info

Publication number: WO2017127911A1
Application number: PCT/BY2016/000007
Authority: WO
Inventors: Павел Валерьевич Шаплыко
Original assignee: Павел Валерьевич Шаплыко
Priority date: 2016-01-28
Filing date: 2016-10-03
Publication date: 2017-08-03
Also published as: EA201600174A1; EA031955B1

Abstract

A belt conveyor containing a belt (5) disposed on longitudinal infinite closed drive traction chains (15, 16, 18) which are located on central (6) and, having different diameters, lateral (7, 8) guide elements, which are in turn disposed on different axes. A system (3) for driving the traction chains contains a plurality of drive sprockets (22) which have identical diameters and which are installed on a drive shaft (21). A system (4) for tensioning the traction chains contains a plurality of independent tension adjustment elements. The present invention prevents conveyor belt skewing and reduces energy costs.

Description

Conveyor belt

The invention relates to hoisting-and-transport machines, namely, belt conveyors for transporting bulk solids and lumps with the support of the load-bearing branch of the conveyor belt to the guide supports with the formation of the load-bearing surface of a concave trough-shaped and can be used in coal and mining, as well as on construction industry enterprises, in granaries, etc.

The most widely used as means of continuous transport were conveyor belts. High productivity, low energy consumption, the ability to fully automate transport processes and environmental friendliness make this type of transport the most effective for enterprises with large cargo turnover. Traditionally, a conveyor belt is a continuous transporting device with a combined load-carrying and traction unit in the form of a closed (endless) flexible belt. The tape is driven by the frictional force between it and the drive drum and rests along the entire length on stationary guiding supports, which are traditionally made in the form of "rigid" and / or articulated-hanging roller bearings mounted on the stand [1]. In the General case, the guide elements of the supports, which in the prior art, mainly perform in the form of roller bearings are one of the most important elements of the conveyor belt as a whole. However, taking into account the design and operation principle of the roller bearings, in the prior art there are practically no solutions for the system of guide bearings on the basis of rollers that would completely satisfy the requirements imposed on them: roller bearings and rollers in their composition should be convenient for installation and operation, inexpensive and durable , have low resistance to rotation and provide the necessary stability and groove of the tape, have high maintainability. The belt service life, energy consumption and the quality of the conveyor as a whole largely depend on the degree of compliance with these requirements.

In addition, the long-term practice of operating belt conveyors has shown that in traditional designs of belt conveyors to ensure the movement of goods, in particular ore, without spills along a difficult route with various kinds of obstacles along a curved vertical or horizontal plane on In some parts of the trajectory, the issues of reducing dynamic loads on the roller bearings, as well as centering the tape, are also relevant.

So, it should be borne in mind that when moving bulk cargoes along the conveyor belt (for example, rocks, etc.), when rolling the belt with such a load along the guide rollers, significant dynamic shock loads are transmitted to them, causing their destruction. The use of shock-absorbing rollers, flexible wire ropes, reducing the pitch of the rollers, increasing the tension of the tape, increasing the strength of the tape by using a tape of greater thickness (which leads to a significant increase in the cost of the tape) - all these known means of reducing dynamic loads allow you to increase the allowable particle size to sizes 400 500 mm, but still remain not effective enough.

With regard to the problem of centering the belt, especially when transporting large loads or large fractions of materials along it, only solutions are known that significantly complicate the design of the conveyor belt as a whole. For example, the design includes two gearboxes containing a gear-cylindrical gear system, and two electric motors [2]. In addition to complicating the design, the amount of energy consumed in such conveyors significantly increases. Moreover, the issues of reducing the dynamic loads on the roller bearings are not considered in these solutions.

The author previously proposed the design of a system of guide bearings and a conveyor belt, with such a system of guide bearings [3], in which almost all the problems mentioned in connection with traditional designs were solved - a high degree of maintainability, high reliability and durability at a significantly lower cost and simplicity of design, the risks of skewing of the conveyor belt are eliminated or significantly reduced.

This belt conveyor includes a rigid stand with a guide support system, a drive system, a tension system and an endless closed conveyor belt. In this conveyor, the guiding support system comprises a plurality of central guiding elements mounted on a stand in a predetermined order and a plurality of pair of lateral guiding elements, each of which is rigidly mounted on a corresponding axis connected with the stand with the possibility of rotation and located with a certain step relative to adjacent axes on working branch of the conveyor along the path of conveyor belt. Central guide elements mounted on the respective axes of the central guide elements two or more on the same axis symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the conveyor. A plurality of side guide elements includes side guide elements of at least two different diameters. The lateral guide elements are mounted on the corresponding axes of the lateral guide elements, two elements of the same diameter on the same axis symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the conveyor, provided that the distance from the longitudinal axis of the conveyor to the guide element increases as the diameter of the guide element increases.

This belt conveyor in the aggregate of common technical features is the closest to the claimed belt conveyor.

Despite a significant improvement in the design of the guide support system, in the conveyor belt, the conveyor belt still performed both transport and traction functions. Taking this into account, and also taking into account the significant dynamic shock loads, to increase the reliability of the conveyor as a whole, the use of a conveyor belt with a thickness of 3-4 standard layers is still required. In addition, given the different diameters of the guide elements along the width of the conveyor belt, as well as the fact that the belt is rotated by a single drive drum along the entire width, questions arise of synchronizing the movement of the conveyor belt along its width in order to avoid distortions, uneven distribution of loads, etc. Moreover, the drive of the conveyor belt into rotation by the drive drum due to friction is energy inefficient, because a large amount of energy is spent on overcoming friction forces.

Thus, the object of the invention is the creation of a conveyor belt, which would ensure synchronization of movement of the conveyor belt over its entire width, eliminating distortions and uneven distribution of loads. The design of the conveyor belt should allow a significant increase in the pitch between the supports. At the same time, a significant reduction in the energy intensity and cost of both the conveyor belt itself and the transportation process should also be ensured.

In solving this problem, the author proposed a fundamentally new approach to organizing the movement of the conveyor belt between the drive system and the tension system, as a result of which the transport and traction functions were divided between the various structural elements of the conveyor belt. So, the transport function was saved behind the conveyor belt, and the traction function was “transferred” to endless guiding elements, which in the prototype conveyor performed only the function of maintaining the shape of the conveyor belt between the supports. Taking into account one of the preferred forms of realization of endless guide elements (a conventional anchor chain or an anchor type chain in a special version), the author chose the most suitable constructive solution of the drive body, as a result of which the drive drum was "divided into many drive sprockets of the same diameter, rigidly mounted on a common drive shaft. Thus, the general concept of the conveyor belt drive has been completely changed.

It should be noted that in the prior art multi-row chain / chain-bearing conveyors are known in which the drive system and the tension system include many sprockets [4]. However, such conveyors are intended for the transportation of bulk bulky goods that have structural elements other than the belt that perform the transport function and completely different principles of movement control, which makes it possible to use some structural elements and elements similar to them, as well as the principles of movement control in the construction of belt conveyors non-obvious and requires a comprehensive study of all elements and nodes in the aggregate.

The problem is solved by the inventive belt conveyor, including a rigid stand with a system of guide bearings, drive system, tension system and an endless closed conveyor belt. Moreover, the guide support system comprises a plurality of central guiding elements mounted on a stand in a predetermined order and a plurality of pair of lateral guiding elements, each of which is rigidly mounted on a corresponding axis connected with the stand with the possibility of rotation and located with a certain step relative to adjacent axes on the working conveyor branches along the path of conveyor belt. Central guide elements are mounted on the respective axes of the central guide elements, at least two on one axis symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the conveyor. A plurality of side guide elements includes side guide elements of at least two different diameters. In this case, the side guide elements are mounted on the corresponding axes of the side guide elements, two elements of the same diameter on the same axis symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the conveyor, provided that the distance from the longitudinal axis of the conveyor to the guide element increases as the diameter of the guide element increases. The problem is solved in due to the fact that the guiding elements of the same diameter, located on one parallel to the longitudinal axis of the line conveyor, are interconnected by a longitudinal traction element in the form of an endless closed traction chain, connected, in turn, with the drive system and with the tension system. In this case, the drive system includes a drive shaft connected to the output shaft of the electric drive and mounted on a stand perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the conveyor, with a plurality of drive sprockets of the same diameter rigidly mounted. The number of sprockets corresponds to the number of traction chains, and each sprocket forms a kinematic pair with a corresponding traction chain, and the place of installation of the sprockets on the shaft corresponds to the intersection points with the lines mentioned parallel to the longitudinal axis of the conveyor. The tension system includes many independent chain tension control elements, the number of which corresponds to the number of traction chains.

The inventive belt conveyor due to the above design features provides significant compared with the prior art belt conveyors. So, only the “transfer” of the traction function from the conveyor belt to the endless traction chains eliminates significant energy costs for overcoming the friction forces between the drum and the conveyor belt, which leads to a decrease in the energy intensity of the conveyor belt as a whole while increasing energy efficiency. In addition, the absence of friction also ensures a decrease in belt wear and, therefore, the possibility of using a conveyor belt of a much smaller thickness, up to one layer, over a longer period, which, while increasing the durability of the belt, can significantly reduce the cost of the conveyor as a whole.

Another advantage is that the traction chains are more flexible in comparison with the conveyor belt (especially 3-4-layer), which eliminates the occurrence of stresses and fractures during the movement.

Further, due to the above-mentioned design features of the drive system of the inventive belt conveyor, it is possible to increase the pitch of installation of cable-and-belt supports up to 2 - 3 m or more (compared with the need to install roller supports after 1 m). This, in turn, makes it possible to reduce the number of shafts by at least 2 times.

The inventive belt conveyor, in addition, has a higher degree of unification of parts and assemblies and contains only standard parts and products more limited than the conveyors from the prior art of the nomenclature, which significantly increases maintainability and reduces the cost of manufacturing and repair.

In the drive system of the inventive belt conveyor, all the drive sprockets have the same diameter and synchronously rotate with the same angular and linear speeds. The guide elements of the guide bearing system have different diameters and rotate with different angular but identical linear speeds. Since the diameter of the guide elements is different, the endless traction chains have different lengths corresponding to the diameter, and for synchronization of tension, each closed traction chain closes with an independent element of the chain tension control, which is provided for this as part of the tension system.

In preferred embodiments, chain tension control elements are mounted on an end portion of a conveyor working branch opposite the drive shaft with sprockets.

The inventive belt conveyor structurally involves various options for placing the conveyor belt.

So, in some preferred forms of implementation, an endless closed conveyor belt can be laid on endless closed traction chains and can cover a separate non-drive drum located behind the drive system and chain tension control elements from the tension system. This "closure" of the conveyor belt from the side of the drive system compensates for the substantial thickness of the endless traction chains and prevents the occurrence of shear loads between the conveyor belt and the elements of the endless traction chains when the drive system is enveloped. Despite the presence of an additional non-drive drum, in fact, the entire conveyor as a whole in such forms of implementation is a single, general design, divided into blocks only in a functional sense.

At the same time, implementation forms are also possible, in which the principle of forming structurally separate blocks is used, which, taking into account the structural elements included in them, perform several functions.

In particular, implementation forms are possible in which the conveyor further comprises two separate non-drive drums, which are covered by an endless closed conveyor belt. In this case, the system of guide bearings, the drive system and the tension system are grouped in the form of a separate drive unit, made with the possibility of installation on a stand between these non-drive drums providing contact on the working branch of the conveyor of endless closed traction chains of the drive unit with an endless closed conveyor belt, leading to the movement of the specified tape in a given direction and at a given speed. Such a “block” structure structure allows an almost unlimited increase in the length of the working branch of the conveyor and / or traction created on the working branch.

In the latter case, private preferred forms of implementation are also possible, in which the inventive belt conveyor further comprises at least one additional system of guide bearings, a drive system and a tension system, which are grouped in the form of a corresponding number of separate additional drive blocks, configured to installation on the stand between the above-mentioned additional non-drive drums in series with the main unit to ensure consistent contact on work branch conveyor endless traction chains closed each drive unit with a closed endless conveyor belt, which leads to the displacement of said belt in a predetermined direction and a predetermined speed. Moreover, to ensure a constant speed of movement of the conveyor belt in the areas of all drive units, adjacent drive units are interconnected by means of synchronizing the speed of movement.

In the inventive belt conveyor, various forms of execution of a block of central guide elements are also possible. So, in some preferred forms of implementation on the same axis of the Central elements can be installed two Central guide elements. In this case, two corresponding endless closed circuits must be interconnected by jumpers installed at a given step, the length of which corresponds to the distance between the two central guide elements. The jumpers can be made in the form of an element of the rod type or in the form of a fragment of a chain, or in another form that is suitable and accessible to specialists in this field of technology. This solution further simplifies the design of the conveyor belt, minimizing the number of drive gears, central guide elements, as well as the corresponding chain tension control elements.

The inventive system of guide bearings does not impose restrictions on the forms of execution of the endless traction element, only in terms of its interaction with the drive sprockets and guide elements (usually made in: the form of wheels). In general, the most suitable form for performing an infinite traction element is a conventional anchor chain. In addition, when the angles of inclination of the lateral sections of the cross section of the trough-like conveyor belt are less than 45 °, the most suitable form of execution may be an anchor chain in a special design, which will be described in more detail below.

The above and other advantages and advantages of the inventive belt conveyor will be further discussed in more detail with examples of some preferred, but not limiting forms of its implementation with reference to the position of the figures of the drawings, which are schematically depicted:

FIG. 1 is a side view of a conveyor belt in one of the preferred forms of implementation;

FIG. 2 is a top view of a conveyor belt in another of the preferred forms of implementation;

FIG. 3 - FIG. 6 is a section along line AA in FIG. 1 on an enlarged scale in various forms of realization of a trough-shaped conveyor belt;

FIG. 7 is a partial view B of FIG. 2 on an enlarged scale;

FIG. 8 is a fragment of a native species B of FIG. 2 on an enlarged scale;

FIG. 9 is a view in the direction D of FIG. 5;

FIG. 10 is a side view of a conveyor belt in another preferred embodiment;

FIG. 1 1 is a plan view of the conveyor belt of FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a fragment of a chain of the anchor type in a special design in cooperation with a single guide element;

FIG. 13 is a partial side view of the chain of FIG. 12. In FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a conveyor belt in one of the preferred forms of implementation. The conveyor includes a rigid stand 1 with a system of guide supports 2, a drive system 3, a tension system 4 and an endless closed conveyor belt 5. The system of guide supports 2 comprises a plurality of central guide elements 6 and a plurality of paired side guide elements 7, 8, each of which are rigidly mounted on the corresponding axis 9, 10, 1 1, respectively, associated with the stand 1 with the possibility of rotation and located with a certain step with respect to adjacent axes 9, 10, 11 on the working branch of the conveyor along the path of conveyor belt. The central guiding elements 6 are mounted on the respective axes 9 of the central guiding elements in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 form of implementation, three on one axis 9 symmetrically to the longitudinal axis 12 of the conveyor. The plurality of side guide elements shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 form of implementation, includes lateral guide elements 7 and 8 of two different diameters. The lateral guide elements 7, 8 are mounted on the corresponding axes 10, 1 1, respectively, of the side guide elements, two elements 7 or 8 of the same diameter on the same axis 10 or 11 symmetrically to the longitudinal axis 12 of the conveyor. The distance hh ₂ from the longitudinal axis 12 of the conveyor to the guide element 7, 8, respectively, increases with the diameter of the guide element 7, 8. The lateral guide elements 7, 8 of the same diameter located on one parallel to the longitudinal axis 12 of the conveyor line 13, 14, respectively, are interconnected by a longitudinal traction element in the form of an endless closed traction chain 15, 16, respectively, connected, in turn, with the drive system 3 and with the tension system 4. Similarly, in the form of implementation under consideration, the central guide elements 6, located on one parallel to the longitudinal axis 12 of the conveyor line 17, are interconnected by a longitudinal traction element in the form of an endless closed traction chain 18, connected, in turn, with the drive system 3 and system 4 tension. The drive system 3 includes connected to the output shaft 19 of the electric drive 20 and mounted on a stand 1 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 12 of the conveyor with the possibility of rotation of the drive shaft 21, on which many drive sprockets 22 of the same diameter are rigidly mounted. The number of sprockets 22 corresponds to the number of traction chains 15, 16, 18, and each sprocket 22 forms a kinematic pair with a corresponding traction chain 15, 16, 18. At the same time, the installation location of the sprockets 22 on the shaft 21 corresponds to the intersection points with the lines mentioned above 13, 14, 17. The tension system 4 includes many independent control elements (not shown in detail in the drawings and positions not indicated) of the chain tension 15, 16, 18, the number of which corresponds to the number of traction chains 15, 16, 18. Prev respectfully, chain tension control elements 15, 16, 18 installed in the tension system 4 at the end portion of the working branch of the conveyor, opposite to the drive shaft 21 with sprockets 22.

In FIG. 2 schematically shows a top view of a conveyor belt in another of the preferred forms of implementation, in which an endless closed conveyor belt 5 is laid on endless closed traction chains and, in the area of the drive system 3, is closed to a separate non-drive drum 23 located behind the drive system.

As already mentioned above, in the examples presented in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 forms of implementation of the inventive conveyor are provided with paired lateral guide elements 7, 8 of two different diameters, and on each axis 9 of the central elements there are three central guide elements 6. At the same time, other forms of implementation are possible in relation to the number of central guide elements 6 on one axis 9, as well as the number of paired lateral guide elements of various diameters. Some of these possible forms are exemplified in FIG. 3 - FIG. 6 as a section along line AA (FIG.

one).

So in FIG. 3 shows a section along the line AA, which corresponds to the embodiment of FIG. 1, FIG. 2, in which the trough-like shape of the conveyor belt 5 is defined by paired side guiding elements 7, 8 of two different diameters and three central guiding elements 6 mounted on each axis 9 of the central elements. 24 in FIG. 3 onwards in FIG. 4 - FIG. 6 schematically indicates the transported cargo.

In FIG. 4 shows a section along the line A-A, which corresponds to a form of implementation in which the trough-like shape of the conveyor belt 5 is defined by paired lateral guide elements 7, 8 of two different diameters and two central guide elements 6 mounted on each axis 9 of the central elements.

In FIG. 5 shows a section along the line A-A, which corresponds to a form of implementation in which the trough-like shape of the conveyor belt 5 is defined by paired lateral guide elements 7, 8 of two different diameters and two central guide elements 6 mounted on each axis 9 of the central elements. At the same time, two corresponding endless closed circuits 18 are interconnected by jumpers 25 installed with a predetermined pitch, the length of which corresponds to the distance between the two central guide elements 6. In FIG. 5 and FIG. 9 form of implementation the jumper 25 is an element of the rod type. Other forms of implementation are possible, for example, a chain fragment.

In FIG. 6 shows a section along the line A-A, which corresponds to an implementation form in which the trough-like shape of the conveyor belt 5 is defined by paired lateral guiding elements 7, 8, 26 of three different diameters and two central guiding elements 6 mounted on each axis 9 of the central elements. In this form of implementation also provides a pair of additional traction chains 27, connecting the corresponding side guide elements 26.

In FIG. 7 is a partial view B of FIG. 2, on which an enlarged scale depicts a drive shaft 21 and drive sprockets 22 mounted thereon.

In FIG. 8 is a fragment of a native species B of FIG. 2, on which the axis 9 of the central guide elements is shown on an enlarged scale, on which three central guide elements 6 are rigidly mounted, as well as three corresponding endless traction chains 18. The axis 9 of the central guide elements is mounted on the stand by means of bearing assemblies 28, which allow rotation axis 9.

In the above implementation forms, an endless closed conveyor belt 5 is laid on endless closed traction chains 15, 16, 18 and encompasses drive sprockets 22 from the drive system 3 and the chain tension control members from the tension system 4 together with them.

In FIG. 10 is a side view, and FIG. 1 1 is a top view of a conveyor belt in another preferred embodiment, in which the conveyor comprises two separate non-driven drums 29, which are covered by an endless closed conveyor belt 5. In this embodiment, the system of guide supports (consisting of axles 9, 10, 1 1 central 6 and paired lateral guiding elements 7, 8, respectively), the drive system 3 and the tension system 4 are grouped as a separate drive unit 30. In FIG. 10, FIG. 1 1 form of implementation in the design of the conveyor two separate drive units 30 are provided. Each drive unit 30 is configured to be mounted on a stand 1 between the non-drive drums 29 to provide consistent contact on the working branch of the conveyor of endless closed traction chains 15, 16, 18 of each drive unit 30 with an endless closed conveyor belt 5, leading to the movement of the specified belt in a given direction and from a given speed. The adjacent drive units 30 are interconnected by means 31 of synchronizing the speed of movement.

In FIG. 12 schematically shows a fragment of the chain 32 of the anchor type in a special design in cooperation with a single guiding element 33. Chain 31 is made of individual links 34, interconnected according to the principle of the anchor chain. Moreover, each link 34 is provided with a cylindrical shell 35 along its main length, defining a circular cross-sectional shape of the link 34 of the chain 32. In FIG. 12, the position of the chain 32 relative to the guide element 33 does not correspond to the actual position in the composition of the inventive conveyor. This image is intended only to illustrate the possibility of a simple unhindered "passage" of the circuit 32 of this design through the guide elements 33 of a standard design. In FIG. 13 is a schematic partial side view of the circuit 32 of FIG. 12. The inventive belt conveyor in various forms of implementation works as follows.

In all forms of implementation of the inventive belt conveyor, the supporting body, as in the conveyors of the prior art, is an endless flexible conveyor belt 5, based on its working branch on the guide support systems 2 (consisting of central 9 and paired lateral axles 9, 10, 11 guiding elements 6, 7, 8, respectively) and an envelope at the ends of the conveyor of the drive system 3 and the tension system 4. Moreover, it is preferable that the endless flexible conveyor belt 5 is laid on endless closed traction chains 15, 16, 18, 27 and goes around the drive system 3, “not closing” to the drive sprockets 22 of the drive system 3, and covering a separate non-drive drum located behind the drive system 3 23. In this case, the traction body of the conveyor belt is endless closed traction chains 15, 16, 18, 27, which are driven by rigidly mounted on the drive shaft 21 drive sprockets 22 of the same diameter. In turn, the drive shaft 21 is connected to the output shaft 19 of the electric drive 20 and is driven into rotation from the electric drive 20.

Thus, the conveyor belt 5 is fixed with respect to the endless closed traction chains 15, 16, 18, 27, and its movement in a given direction and at a given speed is set by moving the endless traction chains 15, 16, 18, 27. Traction chains 15, 16, 18, 27 in the simplest forms of implementation are performed in the form of anchor chains, each of which forms kinematic pair with the corresponding drive sprocket 22. Given this form of execution of the endless traction chains 15, 16, 18, 27, they have a certain thickness in the range of several centimeters, which while closing the endless traction chains 15, 16, 18, 27 and laid on of them by an endless flexible conveyor belt 5 to the drive sprockets 22 can lead to a constant slipping of the endless flexible conveyor belt 5, a desynchronization of the speed of movement of the endless traction chains 15, 16, 18, 27 and an endless flexible conveyor belt enty 5 and to the gradual abrasion of the endless flexible conveyor belt 5. This problem (compensation of the thickness of the endless traction chains 15, 16, 18, 27) can be solved constructively, for example, as in one of the preferred forms of implementation due to the closure of the endless flexible conveyor belt 5 on a separate non-drive drum 23, which is installed coaxially to the drive shaft 21 of the drive system 3 behind the drive system 3. Moreover, the smaller the thickness of the chain, the less pronounced the above negative effects. The movement of the traction chains 15, 16, 18, 27 is carried out traditionally - by successive engagement of the chain link 34 with the corresponding sprocket tooth 22. Similarly, the endless traction chains 32 of the anchor type are also moved in a special design. Due to this, there are no any friction forces between the conveyor belt 5 and the structural elements of the drive system 3, which eliminates the significant energy consumption for overcoming these friction forces (in the prior art, when the conveyor belt also carries out the traction function, the conveyor belt is moved with frictional contact between the drum and conveyor belt). The lack of friction in the kinematic pairs also provides a reduction in wear of the conveyor belt 5 and, thus, the possibility of reducing its thickness to one layer.

The form of execution of the endless traction chains 15, 16, 18, 27 is chosen, including taking into account the shape, in particular the angle of inclination of the side sections, the groove-shaped profile. In most forms of implementation, an anchor chain is suitable as endless traction chains 15, 16, 18, 27. At the same time, in some forms of implementation, to ensure the possibility of installing guide elements 6, 7, 8, 26 of a standard design (a wheel with an arcuate concave cylindrical surface), it is more advisable to use a chain 32 of the anchor type in a special design. In such a chain 32, the links 34 are provided with cylindrical shells 35, which form almost the entire length of the chain 32, the contact surface in the form of a segment of a cylinder with an arcuate concave the cylindrical surface of the guide element. This allows you to significantly increase the range of angles of inclination of the lateral sections of the cross section of the groove-shaped conveyor belt 5.

As noted above, in the drive system 3, all drive sprockets 22 have the same diameter and synchronously rotate at the same angular and linear speeds. The installation location of the drive sprockets 22 on the drive shaft 21 corresponds to intersections with lines 13, 14, 17 parallel to the longitudinal axis of the conveyor 12, on which the corresponding guide elements 7, 8, b are connected, connected by corresponding endless closed drive chains 15, 16, 18. Since the drive shaft 21 is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 12 of the conveyor, and the endless closed drive chains 15, 16, 18 are parallel to the longitudinal axis 12 of the conveyor lines 13, 14, 17, provides unhindered rotation of the dnyh sprockets 22 and moving in the longitudinal direction of the closed endless drive chains 15, 16, 18 connecting respective lateral pair 7, 8 and 6, the central guide elements.

The central 6 and paired lateral 7, 8, 26 guide elements have different diameters and, when interacting with moving endless closed drive chains 15, 16, 18, rotate at different angular but identical linear speeds. Since the diameter of the guide elements 6, 7, 8, 26 is different, the endless traction chains 15, 16, 18, 27 have different lengths corresponding to the diameter. To synchronize the tension, each endless traction chain 15, 16, 18, 27 is closed to the corresponding independent element of the chain tension control, provided for this as part of the tension system 4. Due to the insignificance within the framework of the claimed invention and fame to specialists in this field of technology of possible forms of implementation of the elements for regulating the chain tension in the drawings, they are not shown in detail and will not be considered in detail in the framework of the present description.

The conveyor belt in the implementation forms shown in FIG. 1 - FIG. 9, works as follows.

The conveyor belt is loaded with bulk material (cargo 23) through special loading devices, usually installed at the beginning of the conveyor. Rotating, the drive shaft 21 drives the sprockets 22 of the same diameter into rotation at the same speed, which, in turn, drive the endless closed traction chains 15, 16, 18, 26. Conveyor belt 5 under weight load 24 "fits" on endless closed traction chains 15, 16, 18, 27 and remains stationary in relation to these chains. Endless closed traction chains 15, 16, 18, 27, driven by drive sprockets 22, moving along a system of guide bearings, carrying along the conveyor belt 5.

In this case, the trough-like shape of the transverse profile of the conveyor belt 5 is set and constantly supported by the central 6 and paired lateral guide elements of the guide support system. Depending on the implementation form of the inventive guide rail system, the trough-like shape of the conveyor belt 5 on the working branch of the conveyor is defined by alternating the central and lateral guide elements (which are interconnected by corresponding endless closed traction chains 15, 16, 18, 27) mounted on the respective axes 9, 10, 1 1. In this case, the bottom, central section of the groove-shaped conveyor belt 5 can be defined by two (Fig. 4, Fig. 6), three (Fig. 3), etc. central guiding elements 6, as well as two central guiding elements 6 and corresponding endless closed traction chains 18, interconnected by jumpers 25 (Fig. 5, Fig. 9). The lateral inclined sections of the groove-shaped conveyor belt 5 can be defined by two (Fig. 3 - Fig. 5), three (Fig. 6), etc. pairs of side guiding elements 7, 8, 26.

The axes 9, 10, 11 of the central 6 and paired lateral 7, 8 guide elements, respectively, are mounted with fixation from linear displacements on the opposite sides of the stav 1 (through the bearing units 28) with the possibility of free rotation under the action of forces arising in the process of moving along them corresponding endless closed traction chains 15, 16, 18, 27, carrying a conveyor belt 5. The angular velocity of rotation of the guiding elements 6, 7, 8, 26 of different diameters depends on the diameter, and the linear speed remains constant , regardless of the diameter. Due to this, the conveyor belt 5 maintains a constant shape of its cross section and moves without distortions throughout the entire working branch of the conveyor with a constant linear speed in all sections of the cross section.

Alternating in the direction of the longitudinal axis 12 of the conveyor guides of the central 6 and paired lateral 7, 8, 26 elements of different diameters can also more rationally redistribute the load from the load 24 on the conveyor belt 5 to the central 6 and paired lateral 7, 8, 26 guide elements without reduction the distance between the respective axes 9, 10, 11 guides elements. In general, those skilled in the art can, for each specific purpose of the conveyor belt, select the optimal arrangement of the central and lateral guide elements, as well as the optimal distance between their axes. Moreover, the distance between two adjacent axes is not necessarily constant for all pairs of axes.

In the implementation forms under consideration, an endless closed conveyor belt 5 is closed to the drive sprockets 22, however, it passes along with the elements of the tensioning system 4 located on top of the endless closed traction chains 15, 16, 18, 27, which prevents any frictional contact between the conveyor tape 5 and other structural elements of the conveyor.

The above description of the operation of the conveyor belt in the implementation forms shown in FIG. 1 - FIG. 9, in its general provisions, remains valid for the forms of implementation presented in FIG. 10, FIG. eleven.

At the same time, in these forms of implementation, the conveyor belt design has a block structure - a system of guide bearings 2 (consisting of central 6 and pair of side guide elements 7, 8 installed on the axes 9, 10, 1 1, respectively), the drive system 3 and tension system 4 is grouped as a separate drive unit 30. In the embodiment of FIG. 10, FIG. 11, an embodiment of a conveyor belt comprises two drive units 30 arranged in series in the direction of movement of the conveyor belt 5 and interconnected by means 31 for synchronizing the speed of movement. The means 31 for synchronizing the speed of movement, in the General case, can be performed, for example, in the form of a chain transmission connecting the drive shaft 21 of the subsequent drive unit 30 with the corresponding rotating element (not shown in detail and not indicated by the position) of the adjacent previous drive unit. The number of drive units can be unlimited and, in general, depends on the design length and the required traction power of the conveyor belt.

In addition, in such forms of implementation, two separate non-drive drums 29 are provided, which are located in front of the drive system 3 of the first drive unit 30 and behind the tension system 4 of the last drive unit 30, and which are covered by an endless closed conveyor belt 5.

The belt conveyor in the area corresponding to each drive unit 30 operates similarly to that described for the conveyor of FIG. 1 - FIG. 9 way. In this case, on the working branch of the conveyor for a common endless closed belt 5, a sequential contact with endless closed traction is provided chains 15, 16, 18 of each drive unit 30, which, taking into account the availability of means 31 for synchronizing the speed of movement, leads to continuous movement of the specified conveyor belt 5 in a given direction and at a constant predetermined speed.

Information sources.

1. Conveyor belt. Electronic resource "Geological Encyclopedia".

[Electronic resource] - September 12, 2013. - Access mode: http://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/enc_geolog/2768.

2. Patent BY Jfe 1604 U, publ. 12/30/2004.

3. Application EA M> 201400097 A1, publ. 04/30/2015.

Claims

Claim

1. A conveyor belt, including a rigid stand with a guide support system, a drive system, a tension system and an endless closed conveyor belt, while the guide support system comprises a plurality of central guide elements and a plurality of paired side guide elements, each of which rigidly mounted on the corresponding axis associated with the stand with the possibility of rotation and located with a certain step relative to adjacent axes on the working branch of the conveyor along the put and moving the conveyor belt, the central guide elements being mounted on the respective axes of the central guide elements, at least two on the same axis symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the conveyor, and the plurality of side guide elements includes side guide elements of at least two different diameters, this side guide elements are installed on the corresponding axes of the side guide elements two elements of the same diameter on the same axis symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the conveyor Era, provided that the distance from the longitudinal axis of the conveyor to the guide element increases with the diameter of the guide element, characterized in that the guide elements of the same diameter located on one parallel to the longitudinal axis of the conveyor line are interconnected by a longitudinal traction element in the form of an endless closed traction chain associated, in turn, with the drive system and with the tension system, while the drive system includes connected to the output shaft of the electric drive and installed on one perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the conveyor with the possibility of rotation of the drive shaft, on which a plurality of drive sprockets of the same diameter are rigidly mounted, the number of sprockets corresponding to the number of traction chains, and each sprocket forms a kinematic pair with a corresponding traction chain, and the installation location of the sprockets on the shaft corresponds to the intersections with mentioned parallel to the longitudinal axis of the conveyor lines, the tension system includes many independent elements for regulating the tension of the chain Whose number corresponds to the number of traction chains.

2. The conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that the elements of the chain tension control are installed on the end portion of the working branch of the conveyor, opposite the drive shaft with sprockets.

3. The conveyor according to any one of paragraphs. 1 or 2, characterized in that the endless closed conveyor belt is laid on endless closed traction chains and covers a separate non-drive drum located behind the drive system and chain tension control elements from the tension system.

4. The conveyor according to any one of paragraphs. 1 or 2, characterized in that it further comprises two separate non-drive drums that are covered by an endless closed conveyor belt, while the guide support system, the drive system and the tension system are grouped as a separate drive unit configured to be mounted between the said non-drive drums providing contact on the working branch of the conveyor of endless closed traction chains of the drive unit with an endless closed conveyor belt, leading to the movement of the pointer the tape in a given direction and at a given speed.

5. The conveyor according to claim 4, characterized in that it further comprises at least one additional system of guide bearings, a drive system and a tension system, which are grouped in the form of a corresponding number of separate additional drive units, arranged to be mounted between the specified non-driving drums in series with the main unit to ensure consistent contact on the working branch of the conveyor of endless closed traction circuits of each drive unit with infinite closed conveyor belt, leading to the movement of the specified belt in a given direction and at a given speed, while adjacent drive units are interconnected by means of synchronizing the speed of movement.

6. The conveyor according to any one of paragraphs. 1 or 2, characterized in that two central guide elements are installed on one axis of the central elements, while two corresponding endless closed circuits are connected by jumpers installed at a given step, the length of which corresponds to the distance between the two central guide elements, and the jumper is selected from a group comprising at least a rod type element and a chain fragment.