WO2017122317A1 - Dispositif de conversion de puissance - Google Patents

Dispositif de conversion de puissance Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017122317A1
WO2017122317A1 PCT/JP2016/050955 JP2016050955W WO2017122317A1 WO 2017122317 A1 WO2017122317 A1 WO 2017122317A1 JP 2016050955 W JP2016050955 W JP 2016050955W WO 2017122317 A1 WO2017122317 A1 WO 2017122317A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
circuit
smoothing capacitor
resistor
rectifier circuit
phase
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2016/050955
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
次郎 豊崎
Original Assignee
富士電機株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 富士電機株式会社 filed Critical 富士電機株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2016/050955 priority Critical patent/WO2017122317A1/fr
Publication of WO2017122317A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017122317A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/06—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power converter having an AC-DC converter that converts an input AC voltage from an AC power source into a DC voltage, such as an uninterruptible power supply and a motor drive device, and in particular, initial charging of a smoothing capacitor of a DC intermediate circuit
  • the present invention relates to a circuit and a discharge circuit of a smoothing capacitor when the apparatus is stopped.
  • a power converter having an AC-DC converter that converts an input AC voltage from an AC power source into a DC voltage, a rectifier circuit using a semiconductor element that constitutes the AC-DC converter, and a DC load circuit (inverter and AC)
  • a smoothing capacitor is connected to the DC intermediate circuit between the AC input side of the rectifier circuit and the AC power supply, and a cutoff device is provided to cut off the circuit.
  • the smoothing capacitor When starting up the power converter, the smoothing capacitor must be initially charged in advance to avoid an excessive inrush current flowing from the AC power source to the smoothing capacitor via the rectifier circuit. In addition, when the power converter is stopped, the residual energy of the smoothing capacitor must be discharged for safety.
  • a second rectifier circuit is provided for initial charging, a smoothing capacitor is connected to the DC output side of the second rectifier circuit, and the second rectifier circuit It is also known to perform initial charging of a smoothing capacitor by connecting a series circuit of a charging switch and a charging resistor to the AC input side (see, for example, Patent Document 2). *
  • FIG. 7 shows a conventional power converter having such a charge / discharge circuit.
  • the power conversion apparatus 20 has an input side connected to an AC power source 21 via a circuit breaker 22 and an output side connected to an AC motor 23.
  • the power conversion device 20 includes an input-side rectifier 24, an output-side inverter 25, a smoothing capacitor 26 connected to a DC intermediate circuit between the rectifier 24 and the inverter 25, and a smoothing capacitor 26. And a charge / discharge control circuit 30.
  • a series circuit of a resistor 31 and a diode 32 is inserted and connected to a DC circuit on the positive electrode side connecting the rectifying unit 24 and the smoothing capacitor 26, and a switch 33 is connected in parallel to the series circuit.
  • a common connection point between the resistor 31 and the diode 32 is connected to a DC circuit on the negative electrode side connecting the rectifying unit 24 and the smoothing capacitor 26 via the transistor 34.
  • the charge / discharge control of the smoothing capacitor 26 is performed as follows. That is, by first turning on the circuit breaker 22 at the time of starting, a charging current flows through the path of the AC power source 21 ⁇ the circuit breaker 22 ⁇ the rectifying unit 24 ⁇ the resistor 31 ⁇ the diode 32 ⁇ the DC capacitor 26, and the smoothing capacitor 26 is initially charged. Is done. After the initial charging is completed, the resistor 31 is short-circuited by turning on the switch 33 and the inverter unit 25 is operated. Then, the main circuit current flows through the bypass path (main electric circuit) by the switch 33.
  • the voltage of the smoothing capacitor 26 is adjusted by the on / off control of the transistor 34. That is, for example, when the capacitor voltage reaches the upper limit value, the transistor 34 is turned on. As a result, the discharge current of the smoothing capacitor 26 flows through the path of the smoothing capacitor 26 ⁇ switch 33 ⁇ resistor 31 ⁇ transistor 34 ⁇ smoothing capacitor 26. Reaches the lower limit value, the transistor 34 is returned to the off state.
  • the technical method of charge / discharge control of the smoothing capacitor 26 employed in the conventional power converter shown in FIG. 7 is the initial charge of the smoothing capacitor at the start and the residual energy of the smoothing capacitor at the stop, which are the objects of the present invention. It is conceivable to use or divert to a charge / discharge circuit for discharging. That is, it is conceivable to use the discharge circuit of the smoothing capacitor 26 in the regenerative operation mode for residual energy discharge when the power converter is stopped.
  • the switch means 33 through which the load current flows is additionally connected in order to use one resistor for both the initial charging of the smoothing capacitor and the residual energy discharge during the stop. There is a need.
  • a circuit configuration described in Patent Document 4 is known as a circuit system that also uses one resistor for initial charging of a smoothing capacitor and for discharging residual energy when stopped.
  • a diode, a resistor, a charging switch, and a discharging switch are connected between two phases of a three-phase AC power source and a smoothing capacitor.
  • the smoothing capacitor is charged from a single-phase AC power supply via a diode and a resistor.
  • the charging current flows once in one cycle of the AC power supply, and the smoothing capacitor is charged in a short time.
  • it is necessary to select components that can flow a large current with a large peak value as a diode, resistor, and charging switch, which has the disadvantage that the device is large and expensive.
  • An object of the present invention is to share a single resistor that does not require a large current to flow for initial charge at start-up and for residual energy discharge at stop for charging and discharging a smoothing capacitor of a power converter.
  • a large capacity switch means and diode parts through which a large current flows, and there is no need to additionally connect a large capacity switch means through which a load current flows, thereby reducing the size and weight of the device. It is to enable pricing.
  • a power conversion device having an AC-DC converter that converts an input AC voltage from a three-phase AC power source into a DC voltage, and a semiconductor element that constitutes the AC-DC converter
  • a first shut-off device connected to shut off the circuit between the three-phase full-wave rectifier circuit and the AC input side; and a first shut-off device connected to shut off the circuit between the smoothing capacitor and the load circuit.
  • a second three-phase full-wave rectifier circuit connected to a connection point between the three-phase AC power source and the first breaker, and a DC output side of the second three-phase full-wave rectifier circuit
  • a short-circuit device that connects the resistor in parallel to the smoothing capacitor to enable discharge of residual energy of the smoothing capacitor when the power converter is stopped. Achieved by the power converter.
  • the resistor is connected to at least one of a positive electrode side and a negative electrode circuit between the second three-phase full-wave rectifier circuit and the smoothing capacitor.
  • the resistor is composed of two partial resistors, and each partial resistor is inserted and connected to the positive and negative electric circuits between the second three-phase full-wave rectifier circuit and the smoothing capacitor, respectively. Further, the short-circuit device may be connected between both partial resistors.
  • the third shut-off device may be connected to the DC output side of the second three-phase full-wave rectifier circuit, or may be connected to the AC input side. In the case where the third cutoff device is connected to the DC output side of the second three-phase full-wave rectifier circuit, the third cutoff device is connected to the DC output side of the second three-phase full-wave rectifier circuit. What is necessary is just to connect to at least one of the electric circuit of a positive electrode side and a negative electrode side. *
  • the short-circuit device is an auxiliary contact attached to a first interrupting device that is closed when the first interrupting device is interrupted.
  • the load circuit may be an AC load that is fed via an inverter device.
  • the second cutoff device may be connected to the DC input side of the inverter device or may be connected to the AC output side of the inverter device.
  • a common circuit is shared between the initial charging circuit of the smoothing capacitor and the discharging circuit of the residual energy of the smoothing capacitor when the device is stopped, that is, a large peak current is generated.
  • One resistor that does not need to flow can be shared on the one hand to suppress the inrush current during the initial charging of the smoothing capacitor, and on the other hand to suppress the discharge current of the remaining energy of the smoothing capacitor when the device is stopped. Since there is no need to connect an interrupter that depends on the load current or a diode that carries a large peak current, the number of parts can be reduced and the circuit can be optimized, thus realizing a compact, lightweight, and low-cost power converter. can do.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing a first embodiment of a power converter according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a second embodiment of the power converter according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing a third embodiment of the power converter according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the power converter according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram showing a fifth embodiment of the power converter according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a sixth embodiment of the power converter according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of a conventional power converter.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the power converter shown in FIG. 1 uses a three-phase AC power source 1, a first circuit breaker 2, and a semiconductor element (here, a diode) that constitutes an AC-DC converter as the main circuit for passing a load current.
  • the three-phase full-wave rectifier circuit 3, the smoothing capacitor 4 connected to the DC intermediate circuit on the output side of the three-phase full-wave rectifier circuit 3, the load 6, and the DC intermediate circuit and the load 6 are connected. It is comprised with the 2nd interruption
  • a second three-phase full-wave rectifier circuit 7 is provided.
  • the AC input side of the second three-phase full-wave rectifier circuit 7 is connected to a connection point between the AC power source 1 and the first cutoff device 2.
  • one end of one third cutoff device 8 is connected to the positive terminal and the negative terminal thereof.
  • the other ends of these interrupting devices 8 are connected to the positive terminal or the negative terminal of the smoothing capacitor 4 via resistors 10 respectively.
  • the two resistors 10 function as partial resistors obtained by dividing one charging resistor into two.
  • the terminals on the side of each partial resistor 10 facing the breaking device 8 can be short-circuited by the short-circuit device 9 so that these two partial resistors 10 can also function as one discharge resistor.
  • each shut-off device and short-circuit device are in an open (off) state.
  • the smoothing capacitor 4 is initially charged, if the third breaking device 8 is closed (turned on) in the initial state, the AC power source 1 ⁇ the second three-phase full-wave rectifier circuit 7 ⁇ the third breaking device 8 ⁇ resistor 10 ⁇ smoothing capacitor 4 ⁇ resistor 10 ⁇ third breaker 8 ⁇ second three-phase full-wave rectifier circuit 7 ⁇ initial power supply current flows through the path of AC power source 1 and rushes through resistor 10
  • the smoothing capacitor 4 is initially charged with a current that suppresses the current.
  • the circuit through which the charging current flows at this time has a configuration in which the third circuit breaker 8 and the resistor 10 are connected between the DC output of the three-phase full-wave rectifier circuit 7 and the smoothing capacitor 4.
  • the current value flowing through the diode, the third circuit breaker 8 and the resistor 10 of the three-phase full-wave rectifier circuit 7 is a current having a small peak value. That is, the current period flowing through the three-phase full-wave rectifier circuit is 12 or more times longer than that of the single-phase half-wave rectifier circuit as shown in Patent Document 4, so the current flowing through the diode is a current with a small peak value.
  • the current flowing through the diode is a current with a small peak value.
  • the value of the current flowing through the third circuit breaker 8 and the resistor 10 is obtained by dividing the voltage difference between the DC output of the three-phase full-wave rectifier circuit 7 and the smoothing capacitor 4 by the resistance value of the resistor 10. Therefore, as a resistance value, a large resistance value can be selected as compared with the example of Patent Document 4, and as a result, the peak current value becomes small, and a small and low-priced part can be selected.
  • the second cutoff device 5 is closed (ON), the third cutoff device 8 is opened (OFF), and power supply to the load 6 is started. *
  • the discharging operation of the energy remaining in the smoothing capacitor 4 when the apparatus is stopped during operation will be described.
  • the first shut-off device 2 and the second shut-off device 5 are in a closed (on) state
  • the third shut-off device 8 and the short-circuit device 9 are in an open (off) state.
  • the first shut-off device 2 and the second shut-off device 5 are opened (off), respectively.
  • the energy remaining in the smoothing capacitor 4 is discharged through the path of the smoothing capacitor 4 ⁇ the resistor 10 ⁇ the shorting device 9 ⁇ the resistor 10 ⁇ the smoothing capacitor 4 by switching the short-circuit device 9 to the short-circuit (ON) state. Can do. *
  • the residual energy when the smoothing capacitor 4 is initially charged and the apparatus is stopped can be obtained by using one common resistor without adding a new interrupting device through which a load current flows. Can be discharged.
  • FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the third cutoff device 8 is connected to the DC circuit side of the second three-phase full-wave rectifier circuit 7, but as in the second embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the same effect can be obtained by connecting the third blocking device 8 to the AC circuit side of the second three-phase full-wave rectifier circuit 7.
  • FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the third breaking device 8 is connected to both the positive and negative electric circuits of the DC intermediate circuit, but in order to further simplify the circuit configuration, FIG.
  • one third breaking device 8 may be connected only to one pole-side electric circuit, for example, the positive-side electric circuit of the DC intermediate circuit.
  • one resistor is divided into two partial resistors 10 and each is connected to the electric circuit on the positive side and the negative side of the DC intermediate circuit.
  • the resistor 10 that is not divided may be connected to only one electric circuit on the pole side of the DC intermediate circuit, for example, only the electric circuit on the positive electrode side. *
  • the third shut-off device 8 when the third shut-off device 8 is closed (turned on) in the initial state, the AC power source 1 ⁇ the second three-phase full-wave rectifier circuit 7 ⁇ the third
  • the initial charging current flows through the path of the circuit breaker 8 ⁇ resistor 10 ⁇ smoothing capacitor 4 ⁇ second three-phase full-wave rectifier circuit 7 ⁇ AC power supply 1, and the smoothing capacitor is controlled by the current with the inrush current suppressed by the resistor 10. 4 initial charge can be performed.
  • the magnitude of the charging current is a current having a small peak value, and a small and low-priced part can be selected.
  • the first shut-off device 2 and the second shut-off device 5 are opened (off), and the short-circuit device 9 is closed (turned on) here, and the energy remaining in the smoothing capacitor 4 is transferred to the smoothing capacitor.
  • 4 ⁇ Resistor 10 ⁇ Short-circuit device 9 ⁇ Smoothing capacitor 4 can be discharged through the path.
  • the residual energy of the smoothing capacitor 4 can be initially charged and the residual energy when the apparatus is stopped by using one common resistor without newly adding a cutoff device through which a load current flows. Discharge can be performed.
  • FIG. 4 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows an advantageous embodiment of the power conversion device according to the invention.
  • the circuit configuration of FIG. 4 differs from the circuit configuration of FIG. 1 only in that the auxiliary contact 11 of the first breaking device 2 is used instead of the short circuit device 9.
  • the first breaker 2 since the first breaker 2 and the short-circuit 9 must not be closed (turned on) at the same time, the first breaker 2 has an auxiliary contact 11 (logically, b contact).
  • the auxiliary contact 11 can be used instead of the short-circuit device 9. In general, a large current cannot flow through the auxiliary contact.
  • the charging current and the discharging current can be made smaller than those in the prior art, so that the auxiliary contact can be applied. According to this configuration, the number of parts can be reduced and the main switch and the auxiliary contact 11 of the first breaking device 2 are not turned on at the same time, so that malfunction can be prevented.
  • FIG. 5 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 shows a modification of the fifth embodiment.
  • the load circuit is described as the DC load 6, but this load circuit may be configured by an inverter circuit and an AC load.
  • the load circuit is composed of a three-phase inverter circuit 12 and a three-phase AC load 13. *
  • a DC interrupter is used as the second interrupter 5.
  • a modification using an AC interrupting device as the second interrupting device 5 can be considered. This modification is shown in FIG. According to this, the 2nd interruption
  • the second three-phase full-wave rectifier circuit (7) connected to the connection point of the second shut-off device (5) connected for shut-off and the AC power source (1) and the first shut-off device (2).
  • the smoothing capacitor (4) between the DC output side of the second three-phase full-wave rectifier circuit (7) and the smoothing capacitor (4).
  • a resistor (10) provided in common for initial charging and discharging of the power supply (4) and a second three-phase all-phase to enable initial charging of the smoothing capacitor (4) when starting up the power converter.
  • the smoothing capacitor (4) is configured by a short-circuit device (9) that connects the resistor (10) in parallel.
  • a part of the circuit is shared by the initial charging circuit of the smoothing capacitor (4) and the discharging circuit of the residual energy of the smoothing capacitor when the device is stopped, that is, 1 One resistor (10) is shared on the one hand to suppress the inrush current during the initial charging of the smoothing capacitor (4) and on the other hand to suppress the discharge current of the residual energy of the smoothing capacitor (4) when the device is stopped.
  • an interrupting device that depends on the load current (for example, the switch means 33 in the conventional power converter shown in FIG. 7) or a component having a large peak current allowable value, it is small and lightweight. A low-cost power conversion device can be realized.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Le problème à résoudre dans le cadre de l'invention est de proposer un dispositif de conversion de puissance qui puisse être rendu plus petit, plus léger et moins coûteux, ledit dispositif ne nécessitant pas l'utilisation de moyens de commutation ou de composants de diode de grande capacité à travers lesquels un courant important passe, et ne nécessitant pas l'ajout de moyens de commutation à travers lesquels un courant de charge passe, malgré le fait qu'une résistance unique soit utilisée pour la charge initiale d'un condensateur de lissage et la décharge pendant l'arrêt. La solution proposée consiste en un dispositif de conversion de puissance qui comprend : un premier circuit redresseur à pont triphasé qui constitue une partie d'un convertisseur pour convertir un courant alternatif triphasé en courant continu ; un condensateur pour lisser la tension, ledit condensateur étant connecté au côté sortie de courant continu d'un premier circuit redresseur triphasé ; un premier dispositif d'interruption pour interrompre des circuits entre une alimentation électrique à courant alternatif triphasé et le côté entrée de courant alternatif du premier circuit redresseur à pont triphasé ; un deuxième dispositif d'interruption connecté entre le condensateur de lissage et un circuit de charge ; un second circuit redresseur à pont triphasé connecté au point de connexion entre l'alimentation électrique à courant alternatif triphasé et le premier dispositif d'interruption ; une résistance pour charger et décharger, connectée entre le côté sortie de courant continu d'un second circuit redresseur triphasé et le condensateur ; un troisième dispositif d'interruption qui connecte un condensateur à une alimentation électrique à courant triphasé par l'intermédiaire du second circuit redresseur triphasé et de la résistance lorsque le dispositif de conversion de puissance démarre ; et un dispositif à court-circuit pour connecter la résistance au condensateur en parallèle lorsque le dispositif de conversion de puissance s'arrête.
PCT/JP2016/050955 2016-01-14 2016-01-14 Dispositif de conversion de puissance WO2017122317A1 (fr)

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PCT/JP2016/050955 WO2017122317A1 (fr) 2016-01-14 2016-01-14 Dispositif de conversion de puissance

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT202200007097A1 (it) * 2022-04-11 2023-10-11 Imer Int S P A Dispositivo utilizzabile per lo stadio di ingresso di un’apparecchiatura elettronica

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60174490U (ja) * 1984-04-26 1985-11-19 株式会社東芝 電力変換装置
JPH01110060A (ja) * 1987-10-22 1989-04-26 Toshiba Corp 電源装置

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60174490U (ja) * 1984-04-26 1985-11-19 株式会社東芝 電力変換装置
JPH01110060A (ja) * 1987-10-22 1989-04-26 Toshiba Corp 電源装置

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT202200007097A1 (it) * 2022-04-11 2023-10-11 Imer Int S P A Dispositivo utilizzabile per lo stadio di ingresso di un’apparecchiatura elettronica

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