WO2017120693A1 - 一种喷墨打印装置及打印方法 - Google Patents

一种喷墨打印装置及打印方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017120693A1
WO2017120693A1 PCT/CN2015/100117 CN2015100117W WO2017120693A1 WO 2017120693 A1 WO2017120693 A1 WO 2017120693A1 CN 2015100117 W CN2015100117 W CN 2015100117W WO 2017120693 A1 WO2017120693 A1 WO 2017120693A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
printed
printing
print head
inkjet printing
cup
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/100117
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张原�
Original Assignee
北京美科艺数码科技发展有限公司
张原�
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 北京美科艺数码科技发展有限公司, 张原� filed Critical 北京美科艺数码科技发展有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2015/100117 priority Critical patent/WO2017120693A1/zh
Priority to CN201680066002.8A priority patent/CN108495752B/zh
Publication of WO2017120693A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017120693A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J2/00—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed
    • B41J2/005—Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material
    • B41J2/01—Ink jet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J3/00—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed
    • B41J3/407—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed for marking on special material
    • B41J3/4073—Printing on three-dimensional objects not being in sheet or web form, e.g. spherical or cubic objects
    • B41J3/40733—Printing on cylindrical or rotationally symmetrical objects, e. g. on bottles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J3/00—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed
    • B41J3/407—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed for marking on special material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
    • B41J—TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS
    • B41J3/00—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed
    • B41J3/407—Typewriters or selective printing or marking mechanisms characterised by the purpose for which they are constructed for marking on special material
    • B41J3/4073—Printing on three-dimensional objects not being in sheet or web form, e.g. spherical or cubic objects
    • B41J3/40731—Holders for objects, e. g. holders specially adapted to the shape of the object to be printed or adapted to hold several objects

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an inkjet printing device and a printing method, in particular to an inkjet printing device and a printing method for printing a cone or cylinder to be printed.
  • the cup has two types: cylinder and cone.
  • the invention patent is 201410769416.X
  • An inkjet printing device suitable for cylindrical printing objects is proposed.
  • the device includes a printing part, a feeding part and a control system.
  • the feeding part is used to install and drive the printing object;
  • the printing part is used to install and drive the printing Trolley;
  • at least one print head is installed on the print trolley, and the line of the print head nozzle on the print trolley is parallel to the support beam (first axis);
  • the print trolley is set above the rotation center axis of the object to be printed;
  • the control system controls the edge of the print trolley
  • the supporting beam makes a one-way stepping movement, and controls the printing object to make a rotating movement around its own rotation center axis.
  • the feeding part of this printing technology fixes and compresses the cylindrical object to be printed, but when encountering the object to be printed with a cone-shaped opening, it is necessary to consider how to clamp the cone to keep it rotating smoothly during the printing process;
  • a device should be designed to adjust the upper end surface of the outer wall being printed to be parallel to the print head; and because of the cone shape of the object to be printed, such as a cup, the outer surface diameter will shrink from the cup mouth to the cup bottom , If you follow the ink method of printing cylinders or printing flat media in the past, the actual printed image will be deformed, and the size of the deformation will be different with the position of the image, and the size of the part closer to the bottom of the cup will become smaller.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the limitations in the prior art, and provide an inkjet printing device and printing method that has fast printing speed, high printing quality, and is suitable for printing images or characters on the outer circumferential surface of conical objects with different shapes and tapers.
  • an inkjet printing device which includes a printing carriage and a control system, and at least one printing head is arranged on the printing carriage, which is characterized in that:
  • a fixing device is arranged under the printing carriage.
  • the fixing device is used to fix and clamp the object to be printed and drive the object to be printed to rotate around its own axis.
  • the fixing device includes a moving part, a mounting part and a driving part.
  • the mounting part is used to install the object to be printed.
  • the object, the moving part is arranged on one side of the mounting part and can move relative to the mounting part.
  • the object to be printed can be pressed by being close to or away from the mounting part.
  • One end of the driving part is connected to the mounting part, and the other end of the driving part is connected to a driving motor to drive The part drives the object to be printed to rotate around its own central axis;
  • An adjustment device is installed at the lower end of the fixing device, the adjustment device can drive the object to be printed in the first direction (A Direction) to make a rotary motion to adjust the parallelism between the upper printing surface of the object to be printed and the straight line where the nozzle of the print head is located;
  • a curing device is installed at the lower end of the object to be printed, and the curing device is used to dry the ink droplets ejected onto the object to be printed.
  • the fixing device is a cone or cylinder fixing device, and the object to be printed is a cone or cylinder.
  • the inkjet printing device also includes a lifting device.
  • the fixing device and the adjusting device are installed on the lifting device.
  • the lifting device is used to drive the object to be printed up or down in the vertical direction to ensure that the object to be printed and the
  • the distance between the print heads is a suitable printing distance (generally 1-3mm).
  • the mounting part of the fixing device includes a first limit wheel, a second limit wheel and an adjusting rod, and the first limit wheel and the second limit wheel are ring-shaped with a through hole in the center.
  • the disc, the central through holes of the first and second limit wheels penetrate the adjustment rod, and are connected to the adjustment rod by a fixed ring.
  • the first and second limit wheels can move or lock along the adjustment rod. Tighten the adjustment rod.
  • the diameter of the first limit wheel is different from the diameter of the second limit wheel
  • a clamping wheel is arranged on the other side of the limit wheel with a larger diameter
  • the clamping wheel is a center with An annular disc with a through hole
  • a sealing ring is installed at the outer end of the clamping wheel to increase the installation stability of the object to be printed.
  • the object to be printed is installed between the moving part and the driving part, one end of the object to be printed is sleeved on the driving part, and the other end of the object to be printed abuts against the moving part.
  • the adjusting device is connected to the bottom of the fixing device through the bottom plate.
  • the adjusting device includes a screw rod, a fixing plate, an adjusting arm, a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod.
  • the two sides of the fixed plate are connected to the two adjusting arms through two central shafts, the upper ends of the two adjusting arms are connected to the first connecting rod, and the two lower sides of the bottom plate are respectively connected to the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod.
  • the adjustment is driven by rotating the screw rod.
  • the angle between the arm and the fixed plate changes, thereby driving the bottom plate to take the second connecting rod as the axis (ie A direction) do a rotating movement.
  • the printing method of the above-mentioned inkjet printing device is characterized in that it comprises clamping the object to be printed on a fixing device, adjusting the upper printing surface of the object to be printed to be parallel to the line where the print head is located by the adjusting device, and the control system controls the printing carriage to be in a horizontal direction One-way stepping motion, controlling the rotation of the object to be printed around its own central axis, and controlling the nozzle to eject the amount of ink corresponding to different concentration changes according to the changes in the shape and size of the object to be printed.
  • the object to be printed is a cone-shaped object, and the side wall of the object to be printed expands into a fan shape, such as a cup.
  • the object to be printed is an object with a cylindrical shape, and the side wall of the object to be printed is expanded into a rectangle.
  • control nozzle ejects the amount of ink corresponding to different density change proportions according to the change of the shape and size of the object to be printed, which is realized by programming calculation of software algorithm, The amount of jetted ink will shrink from the mouth of the cup to the bottom of the cup.
  • the required ink concentration change ratio can be calculated by substituting the formula. Using this value to dynamically control the ink concentration of the print nozzle in real time can ensure the inkjet effect on the side wall of the cone.
  • the specific printing steps include:
  • the print head makes a one-way stepping movement along the X axis
  • the print head controls the ejection of inks of varying density to the object to be printed continuously rotating according to the shape change of the object to be printed;
  • the print head includes cyan C, magenta M, yellow Y, black K, and may also include white W , Primer P or transparent color V.
  • the invention can not only print cylinders, but also cones.
  • the object to be printed is clamped and fixed by the fixing device, and the outer circumferential surface of the side wall to be printed on the upper end of the cone is kept parallel to the nozzle of the print head by the parallelism adjusting device.
  • the motor drives the cone to rotate smoothly.
  • the software algorithm controls the nozzle to eject the ink volume corresponding to different density changes according to the changes in the shape and taper size of the object to be printed, so as to ensure that it is on the side of different tapers. Patterns or texts with the same inkjet quality are printed on the wall.
  • the printing device can be applied to the printing job of the cones to be printed with different tapers.
  • Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a printing device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a front view of the printing device of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a cone fixing device and a parallelism adjusting device according to a specific embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 is a perspective schematic diagram of another angle after the object to be printed is hidden in Fig. 3;
  • Figure 6 is a perspective view of the clamping wheel in the cone fixing device
  • Figure 8 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the object to be printed
  • FIG. 9 is a calculation principle diagram of the software of the present invention for calculating the reduction ratio of the ink concentration ejected by the nozzle according to the cone shape of the side wall of the object to be printed;
  • FIG. 10 is a printing flow chart of the inkjet printing device in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the simulation after printing of the first nozzle C of the inkjet printing device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the simulation after the printing of the first two nozzles C and M of the inkjet printing device of the present invention is finished;
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a simulation of printing a cylindrical object to be printed according to the present invention.
  • the inkjet printing device in this embodiment includes a printing unit and a feeding unit.
  • the printing unit includes a rail beam part 1 and a printing carriage. 6.
  • a printing carriage 6 is installed on the rail beam part 1.
  • the printing carriage 6 can move along the rail beam.
  • At least one printing head is installed on the printing carriage 1, and the printing carriage 6 It is used to eject ink droplets on the object to be printed 9 to achieve image or text printing.
  • the feeding unit includes a base part 4, a cone fixing device 2 and a parallelism adjusting device 3 , The feeding unit is arranged under the printing unit, the cone fixing device 2 and the parallelism adjusting device 3 are installed on the base part 4, and the cone fixing device 2 The vertical distance to the printing unit can be adjusted.
  • the cone fixing device 2 is used to place and clamp the object to be printed 9.
  • the object to be printed 9 is a hollow cone, which is passed through the parallelism adjustment device 3
  • the degree of parallelism between the upper end of the outer wall of the object to be printed 9 and the print head (not shown in the figure) in the printing carriage 6 can be adjusted, and the parallelism adjustment device 3
  • the lower end is also connected to a lifting device (not shown in the figure) arranged on the base part, and the software controls the lifting device to drive the entire cone fixing device 2 and the parallelism adjusting device 3 Drop or rise in the vertical direction to a height suitable for printing from the print head.
  • the inkjet printing device Before inkjet printing, adjust the cone fixing device 2 and the parallelism adjustment device 3 to the object to be printed 9 Suitable printing position; during the inkjet printing process, the printing carriage 6 moves along the X axis step by step, the object to be printed 9 rotates around its own central axis, and the print head ejects graphics and text on the object to be printed 9 On.
  • the inkjet printing device also includes a scraping maintenance part 5 for scraping and moisturizing maintenance of the print head.
  • the cone fixing device 2 of the present invention includes a clamping wheel 23, a first limiting wheel 24, and a second limiting wheel 25 , Adjusting rod 26, A fixing base 22, B fixing base 27, C fixing base 28, sliding block 29 and linear slide 30, one side of A fixing base 22 passes through the motor base 211 is connected to a stepping motor 21, a through hole is provided at the upper end of the A fixing base 22, the adjusting rod 26 passes through the through hole, and one end of the adjusting rod 26 passes through the coupling 212 and the stepping motor 21 Connected, the stepping motor 21 provides power to make the adjusting rod 26 rotate with it to transmit torque.
  • the other end of the adjusting rod 26 is provided with a clamping wheel 23, a first limit wheel 24 and a second limit wheel 25 in sequence.
  • the first limit wheel 24 and the second limit wheel 25 are an annular disc, the material can be ultra-high molecular polyethylene, the diameter of the first limit wheel 24 is larger than the diameter of the second limit wheel 25, the first limit wheel Bit wheel 24 And the second limit wheel 25 are installed on the adjustment rod 26 through the fixed ring 251.
  • the first limit wheel 24 and the second limit wheel 25 can move along the adjustment rod 26. After the position is fixed, use the fixed ring 251
  • the top wire (not shown in the figure) set on the top fixes it.
  • the clamping wheel 23 is located close to the end of the stepping motor 21.
  • the clamping wheel 23 is an aluminum alloy annular disc, as shown in Figure 6-7, the clamping wheel 23 The outer end is provided with a groove 231, and a sealing ring is installed in the groove 231.
  • the diameter after the sealing ring is installed is slightly larger than the diameter of the first limit wheel 24, due to the clamping wheel 23
  • a ring of sealing ring is installed on the outside to increase the friction when the bottle is clamped, so that it can be firmly clamped.
  • a B fixing seat 27 and a B fixing seat 27 Beside the end of the adjusting rod 26 (in the direction of the bottom of the cup) there is a B fixing seat 27 and a B fixing seat 27
  • the center of the upper end is provided with a through hole to install the second adjusting rod 272, the second adjusting rod 272 is close to the end of the adjusting rod 26, and a rubber head 271 is installed, and the bottom end of the B fixing seat 27 and the C fixing seat 28 Connect the two sliders 29 at the bottom of the C fixing seat 28.
  • the lower part of the slider 29 is matched with the linear slide rail 30.
  • the slider 29 can be mounted on the linear slide rail 30 along the X Sliding in the axial direction, the sliding of the slider 29 on the linear slide 30 drives the second adjustment rod 272 connected to the B fixing seat 27 to slide along the X axis, and finally the second adjustment rod 272
  • the rubber head 271 at the end can move to the bottom of the object to be printed 9 and press it tightly.
  • Second adjustment lever 272 The movement can be carried out manually, or it can be installed with a cylinder, and the cylinder can be driven by the control system to realize the automatic pressing operation.
  • Install the object to be printed 9 has a cone shape, hollow and open on one side, such as a cone-shaped cup. As shown in Figure 8, the side wall of the object to be printed 9 91 has a cone shape.
  • Install the object to be printed 9 has a cone shape, hollow and open on one side, such as a cone-shaped cup. As shown in Figure 8, the side wall of the object to be printed 9 91 has a cone shape.
  • the upper top wire fixes the first limit wheel 24 and the second limit wheel 25. After that, move the clamping wheel 23 to a position close to the end 92 of the bottle mouth, tightly clamp the inner wall of the object 9 to be printed, due to the clamping wheel 23 There is a sealing ring installed in the groove 231, which can increase the friction with the object 9 to be printed, so that the object 9 to be printed rotates around B under the driving of the stepping motor 21 during the printing process (as shown in Figure 5). ) To ensure stability, that is, the vertical movement of the upper surface of the side wall 91 during the rotation is controlled within the range that does not affect the printing effect.
  • the first limit wheel 24 and the second limit wheel 25 After adjusting the proper positions, move the B fixing base 27 closer to the object to be printed 9 and make the rubber head 271 installed at the end of the second adjusting rod 272 abut against the bottom of the object to be printed 9 93 In the center, the object to be printed 9 is installed and fixed.
  • this device can be used for objects to be printed with different tapers or diameters from this embodiment, such as cups with different tapers and cylindrical open bottles with different diameters.
  • the diameter change range of the inner wall of the object to be printed covers the first limit wheel 24 and the diameter of the second limit wheel 25, pass the first limit wheel 24 and the second limit wheel 25 on the adjustment rod 26
  • the movement adjustment of the upper part can be tightened.
  • the fixed plate 324 slides in the X axis; the two sides of the fixed plate 324 each pass through a central axis 32, the central axis 32 and the adjusting arm 33 are connected by a ball bearing 321, the upper ends of the two adjusting arms 33 are provided with a first connecting rod 34, the first connecting rod 34 is connected to the lower side of the bottom plate 35, the bottom plate 35
  • the other side below is connected to the second connecting rod 37 through a fixing seat (not shown in the figure).
  • the two ends of the second connecting rod 37 penetrate into the connecting seat vertical bearing 38 and are connected to the fixed bottom plate 36 to fix the bottom plate 36 Connect with the lower aluminum profile bracket 39, so that the entire parallelism adjusting device 3 is connected to the aluminum profile bracket 39.
  • the object to be printed 9 is a cone and the side wall has a certain taper, adjusting the rotating handle 31 can keep the side wall at the upper end of the object to be printed 9
  • the X-axis is parallel to the distance from the print head.
  • the state shown in Figure 5 is the position where the upper side wall is parallel to the print head/X axis during the rotation of the object to be printed.
  • the shaft is a counterclockwise rotation of the shaft (that is, the end of the first connecting rod 34 of the bottom plate 35 descends along the Z axis) movement, so that the bottom plate 35 presents a certain inclination angle.
  • the object to be printed 9 It is a cone with a certain taper on the side wall. Adjusting the rotation handle 31 can make the side wall of the upper end of the object to be printed 9 always keep parallel to the X axis. When the adjustment amount is too large, adjust the rotation handle 31 in the opposite direction. It can ensure the parallel distance with the print head.
  • the software for printing the cone-shaped object is special. Since the object to be printed is a cone shape, such as a cup, the outer surface diameter will shrink from the mouth of the cup to the bottom of the cup. , If you follow the ink method of printing cylinders or printing flat media in the past, the actual printed image will be deformed, and the size of the deformation will be different with the position of the image, and the size of the part closer to the bottom of the cup will become smaller. . In order to ensure the normal visual effect of the printed pattern, in the software algorithm /RIP needs to consider the characteristics of cone contraction to calculate, and control to change the ink density according to the calculation results. The ink density is calculated as follows:
  • Ink density change ratio scanning and printing position diameter D/
  • the diameter of the cup mouth D1 (X + the distance from the scanning printing position to the bottom of the cup d) / (X + the vertical height of the cup H ).
  • the distance X from the bottom of the cup to point P, the vertical height of the cup H, and the distance from the scanning print position to the bottom of the cup d are all known parameters. Substituting the formula can calculate the required ink concentration change ratio value. Using this value to dynamically control the ink concentration of the print nozzle in real time can ensure the inkjet effect on the surface of the cone.
  • the inkjet printing process is shown in flow chart 10.
  • place the object to be printed 9 on the cone fixing device 2 Attach the card and fasten the object to be printed 9: Insert the open end of the object to be printed 9 into the adjustment rod 26 of the cone fixing device 2, and move the first stop wheel according to the taper of the inner wall of the object to be printed 9 while inserting 24 and the second limit wheel 25 are clamped at the position corresponding to the diameter of the inner wall of the object to be printed 9 to achieve a state of close contact and mutual clamping force, and then the clamping wheel 23 Move into the bottle mouth and clamp the inner wall of the object to be printed 9 tightly, and finally move the B fixing seat 27 closer to the object to be printed 9 so that the rubber head 271 is close to the object to be printed 9
  • the bottom part is used to ensure the stability of the rotation of the object 9 to be printed around B driven by the stepping motor 21 during the printing process (as shown in Figure 5).
  • the parallelism of the upper side wall keeps the side wall of the upper end of the object to be printed 9 parallel to the distance from the print head of the printing cart, that is, parallel to the X axis.
  • the object to be printed is driven by the lifting device 9 Move upward in the vertical direction to make the distance between the plane of the print head on the printing carriage 6 and the surface to be printed on the object to be printed 9 print the most suitable distance (usually 1 ⁇ 3mm) ), the most suitable distance for printing depends on the material of the object to be printed selected by the user and the performance of the printing ink.
  • the print head performs a one-way stepping movement along the X-axis arrow direction, and the object to be printed at the same time 9 Rotating around its own central axis, the print head ejects ink droplets onto the continuously rotating object to be printed 9.
  • the ink jet volume is controlled according to the calculated ink density change ratio, and the software determines the object to be printed 9 Whether the image on the image has been printed: If not, continue the one-way stepping movement of the print head along the X axis arrow direction, the rotation of the object to be printed 9 and the inkjet of the print head; if so, stop the stepping movement of the print head, Stop the object to be printed 9 Rotate and stop the ink jet of the print head.
  • Steps along the X axis and controls the stepping motor 21 Drive the object to be printed 9 to continuously rotate around the central axis of rotation of the object to be printed, and at the same time control the print head on the printing carriage 6 to eject ink droplets on the rotating object to be printed 9 and the object to be printed 9
  • the control system controls the carriage to be printed 6 Step half of the print head in the direction shown on the X axis, the printing carriage 6 stops after stepping, and the control system controls the printing carriage 6
  • the upper print head ejects ink droplets on the rotating object 9 to be printed.
  • the first print head C and the second print head M on the print carriage 6 The third print head Y has completely left the printing area, the first half of the nozzles of the fourth print head K have also left the printing area, the second half of the nozzles of the print head K are still in the printing area, and the control system controls the print head K The second half of the nozzles eject ink droplets on the object to be printed 9 to complete the printing of the last pass, so far the image printing is finished.
  • control system controls the lifting device to drive the printed objects to be printed 9 Down to the lowest position in the vertical direction, the operator removes the printed object 9 to be printed, and places a new unprinted object to be printed 9 on the cone fixing device 2 Up, readjust to print the next object to be printed.
  • Figure 11-13 In order to use the inkjet printing device of the present invention to perform image and text printing process on a cone-shaped object to be printed in another embodiment, this embodiment shows that the printing carriage moves along X each time. Axial stepping one nozzle print width distance. In inkjet printing, the printing carriage moves in one direction along the X-axis, and moves in the print head C. When completely entering the printing area, the printing carriage stops moving and remains stationary; the driving mechanism drives the object to be printed to continuously rotate. When the sensing device senses the identification mark on the object to be printed, the control system controls the print head on the printing cart C Jet cyan ink on the rotating object to be printed, print head M, print head Y and print head K do not work, as shown in Figure 11 Shown.
  • the time when the sensing device detects the marking mark on the object to be printed is the time when printing is started.
  • the position where the ink drop is formed on the object to be printed is the start position of printing, and the printing ends. The position is determined by the print image to be printed.
  • the inkjet printing method of the present invention has a fan-shaped area where the ink is ejected between the start position of the printing and the end position of the printing on the object to be printed, that is, the ink ejection density near the bottle mouth is greater than
  • the printing ink jet density near the bottom of the bottle, and the specific ink jet density change is calculated according to the above-mentioned software.
  • all the nozzles of the print head in the present invention work, the usage rate of the nozzles is high, the printing efficiency is high, and it can effectively avoid the clogging of the print head nozzles due to long periods of non-operation.
  • the print head C prints the cyan ink droplets needed to print the image on the unprinted area of the object to be printed
  • the print head M prints the printed area of the print head C during the first pass of printing and superimposes the magenta required for the printed image
  • the area where the ink is ejected in the interval between the start position and the end position of the printing on the object to be printed is fan-shaped, that is, the ink jet density near the bottle mouth is greater than the ink jet density near the bottom of the bottle.
  • the inkjet volume density change is calculated according to the above-mentioned software.
  • the print head C prints the cyan ink droplets needed to print the image on the unprinted area of the object to be printed
  • the print head M prints the printed area of the print head C during the first pass of printing and superimposes the magenta required for the printed image Ink droplets
  • print head Y in the second printing pass the printed areas of print head C and print head M are superimposed on the yellow ink drop required to print the image, and also the print start position and print end position interval on the object to be printed
  • the area where the ink is ejected is fan-shaped, that is, the ejection density of the printing ink near the mouth of the bottle is greater than the ejection density of the printing ink near the bottom of the bottle, and the specific ink ejection density change is calculated according to the above-mentioned software.
  • the control system controls the print head C, print head M, print head Y and print head K on the printing cart to spray cyan ink, magenta ink, yellow ink and black, respectively.
  • the ink is on the rotating object to be printed.
  • the print head C prints the cyan ink droplets needed to print the image on the unprinted area of the object to be printed
  • the print head M prints the printed area of the print head C during the first pass of printing and superimposes the magenta required for the printed image Ink droplets
  • print head Y print head C and print head M during the second printing pass
  • the printed area of print head C and print head M are superimposed according to the yellow ink drop required for printing the image
  • print head K print head C print head M during the third pass printing
  • the printed area of the print head Y is superimposed with the black ink droplets required to print the image
  • the area where the ink is ejected in the interval between the start position of printing and the end position of printing on the object to be printed is fan-shaped, that is, the ink jet density near the mouth of the bottle is greater than the ink jet density near the bottom of the bottle.
  • the print head is stepped axially for a print width distance, the printing carriage is in a static state during printing, and the driving mechanism drives the object to be printed to continue to rotate.
  • the control system controls the printing carriage on the carriage.
  • the edge of the car X Axial step by one print head print width distance, at this time print head C has left the print area, print head M, print head Y and print head K are still in the print area, the sensing device senses the mark on the object to be printed When marking, the control system controls the print heads M, Y, and K on the printing cart to simultaneously eject ink droplets on the rotating object to be printed, and the print head C does not eject ink.
  • the edge of the car X The axis is stepped by one nozzle printing width distance. At this time, the print head C and the print head M leave the printing area.
  • the control system controls the print head Y and the print head on the printing cart K ejects ink drops on the rotating object to be printed at the same time, the print head C and print head M do not eject ink.
  • the edge of the carriage X The axis is stepped by one nozzle printing width distance. At this time, the print head C, the print head M and the print head Y leave the printing area.
  • the control system controls the print head on the printing cart K jets ink droplets on the rotating object to be printed, as shown in the figure 13
  • the area where the ink is ejected in the interval between the start position of printing and the end position of printing on the same object to be printed is fan-shaped, that is, the ink jet density near the mouth of the bottle is greater than the ink jet density near the bottom of the bottle.
  • the inkjet volume concentration change is calculated in real time according to the above-mentioned software. After the penultimate printing pass (that is, the last printing pass), the print heads C, M, Y, and K all leave the printing area, and the inkjet printing ends.
  • the software can also handle the printing of cylinders, as shown in Figure 14.
  • the printing process is similar to the above description.
  • the arrangement of nozzles on the printing cart is not limited to the above arrangement of C, M, Y, K, it can also be shown in Figure 15.
  • the white nozzle W, the cyan nozzle C, the magenta nozzle M, the yellow nozzle Y, and the black nozzle K are arranged in sequence This type of nozzle arrangement is applied to the situation where a layer of white coating ink needs to be printed on the surface of the object to be printed to increase the color vividness before printing the color image, the printing method and movement principle remain unchanged; in addition, the white nozzle can also be used
  • Change to primer ink nozzle P is used to spray a layer of viscous ink with strong adhesion on the surface of the object to be printed before the color image is printed to improve the adhesion of the image; similarly, a transparent ink can be additionally set V It is used to print a layer of transparent ink on the color image after it is printed to achieve different application effects such as watermark, brightening, matt, and protective layer.

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Abstract

公开了用于打印圆锥体或圆柱体的喷墨打印装置及打印方法。该打印装置包括打印小车（6），在打印小车的下方设置固定装置（2）用于固定卡紧待打印物体（9），在固定装置的下端设置平行度调节装置（3），用于调节待打印物体上端打印面与打印头（C、M、Y、K）的平行度；在打印过程中，控制系统控制打印小车沿水平方向单向步进运动、控制待打印物体绕自身中心轴（X）旋转运动以及控制打印头根据待打印物体外形尺寸变化喷射出对应不同浓度变化比例的墨水量。该喷墨打印装置及打印方法应用于待打印物为不同锥度的圆锥体或不同直径圆柱体的打印，在不同锥度的侧壁处确保打印出喷墨质量相同的图案或文字。

Description

一种喷墨打印装置及打印方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种喷墨打印装置及打印方法，尤其涉及一种用于打印圆锥体或圆柱体待打印物的喷墨打印装置及其打印方法。
背景技术
传统圆锥体（比如圆锥状开口杯子）或圆柱体的印刷方式，一般较多以丝印或者粘贴商标的方式居多，而丝印针对排版、制版、重复套色工艺流程比较繁琐，而且小批量多色个性化定制版的打印成本会大大增高，因为每更换一个版式图案，就需要进行重新的制版、套色等工艺，不利于个性化印制市场。喷墨打印技术最大的优势在于能够灵活的改变打印的图文信息。喷墨打印无需制版，没有起印量的限制，节省了传统印刷的所有印前准备流程，只需要在打印时把所需图文信息输入，用一台电脑操作就可以将所需图文打印在待打印物体上。
而杯子有圆柱体和圆锥体两种，在打印圆柱体杯子时，发明专利 201410769416.X 提出了一种适于圆柱状打印对象的喷墨打印装置，该装置包括打印部分、走料部分和控制系统，其中，走料部分用于安装和带动打印对象；打印部分用于安装和带动打印小车；打印小车上安装至少一个打印头，且打印小车上的打印头喷嘴所在直线与支撑横梁（第一轴）平行；打印小车设置在待打印对象旋转中心轴的上方；控制系统控制打印小车沿支撑横梁作单向步进运动、控制打印对象绕自身旋转中心轴作旋转运动。此打印技术设置的走料部分固定并压紧圆柱状的待打印物体，但当遇到圆锥状开口待打印物时，需要考虑如何将圆锥体卡紧，使其在打印过程中保持平稳旋转；同时由于圆锥体的侧壁具有锥度，还应设计装置调节正在打印的外壁上端面与打印头平行；并且由于待打印物体的圆锥体形状，比如杯子，外表面直径会由杯口向杯底缩小，若依照以往打印圆柱体或打印平面介质的下墨方式，实际打印的图像会发生变形，且随着图像的位置不同，变形的尺寸也会不同，越接近杯底的部分尺寸变得越小，为保证打印图案的正常视觉效果，在软件算法时也需要对圆锥体锥面收缩的特性加以计算，并根据计算结果实时控制改变喷出的墨水浓度，从而确保喷绘出正常高质量的图文效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中的局限，提供一种打印速度快、打印质量高、且适用于不同形状锥度的圆锥状物体外圆周表面打印图像或文字的喷墨打印装置及打印方法。
本发明的上述技术问题是通过下述技术方案得到解决的：提出一种喷墨打印装置，包括一打印小车和控制系统，在打印小车上设置至少一个打印头，其特征在于，
a) 在打印小车的下方设置一固定装置，固定装置用于固定卡紧待打印物体，并驱动待打印物体绕自身轴线旋转，固定装置包括移动部、安装部和驱动部，安装部用于安装待打印物体，移动部设置在安装部的一侧，可相对安装部移动，通过靠近或远离安装部来压紧待打印物体，驱动部一端与安装部相连，驱动部的另一端连接一驱动电机，驱动部驱动待打印物体绕自身中心轴旋转；
b) 在固定装置的下端设置一调节装置，调节装置可带动待打印物体在第一方向（ A 方向）做旋转运动，用以调节待打印物体上端打印面与打印头喷嘴所在直线的平行度；
c) 在待打印物体下端设置一固化装置，固化装置用于干燥喷射至待打印物体上的墨滴。
在上述的喷墨打印装置中，所述的固定装置为一圆锥体或圆柱体固定装置，所述待打印物体为一圆锥体或圆柱体。
在上述的喷墨打印装置中，还包括一升降装置，固定装置和调节装置安装在升降装置上，升降装置用于驱动待打印物体在垂直方向的上升或下降运动，用以保证待打印物体与打印头之间的距离为适合的打印距离（一般为 1-3mm ）。
在上述的喷墨打印装置中，所述固定装置的安装部包括第一限位轮、第二限位轮和调整杆，第一限位轮和第二限位轮为中心有通孔的环形圆盘，第一限位轮和第二限位轮的中心通孔穿入调整杆、并通过固定环与调整杆连接，第一限位轮和第二限位轮可沿调整杆移动或锁紧至调整杆上。
在上述的喷墨打印装置中，所述第一限位轮的直径与第二限位轮的直径不同，在直径大的限位轮另一侧设置夹紧轮，夹紧轮为一中心有通孔的环形圆盘，夹紧轮外端安装密封圈，用于增加待打印物体安装稳定性。
在上述的喷墨打印装置中，所述待打印物体安装在移动部与驱动部之间，待打印物体的一端套装在驱动部上，待打印物体的另一端顶靠在移动部上。
在上述的喷墨打印装置中，所述固定装置下方通过底板连接调节装置，调节装置包括丝杆、固定板、调节臂、第一连接杆和第二连接杆，丝杆通过丝母与固定板连接，固定板的两侧面通过两中心轴与两调节臂相连，两调节臂上端连接第一连接杆，底板下方两侧分别连接第一连接杆和第二连接杆，通过旋转丝杆，带动调节臂与固定板夹角变化，从而带动底板以第二连接杆为轴（即 A 方向）做旋转运动。
上述喷墨打印装置的打印方法，其特征在于，包括将待打印物体卡紧在固定装置上，通过调节装置调节待打印物体上端打印面与打印头所在直线平行，控制系统控制打印小车沿水平方向单向步进运动、控制待打印物体绕自身中心轴旋转运动以及控制喷头根据待打印物体外形尺寸变化喷射出对应不同浓度变化比例的墨水量。
在上述的喷墨打印方法中，所述的待打印物体为一圆锥体外形的物体，待打印物体待打印侧壁展开为一扇形，如杯子。
在上述的喷墨打印方法中，所述的待打印物体为一圆柱体外形的物体，待打印物体待打印侧壁展开为一矩形。
在上述的喷墨打印方法中，所述的控制喷头根据待打印物体外形尺寸变化喷射出对应不同浓度变化比例的墨水量通过软件算法编程计算实现 , 喷射墨水量会由杯口向杯底缩小。
在上述的喷墨打印方法中，所述的 墨水浓度变化比例 = 扫描打印位置直径 D/ 杯口直径 D1= （ X+ 扫描打印位置至杯底距离 d ） / （ X+ 杯子垂直高度 H ），其中杯底至 P 点的距离 X （ P 点为圆锥侧壁的延长线相交的点）、杯子垂直高度 H 、扫描打印位置至杯底距离 d 均为已知参数，代入公式即可计算出所需墨水浓度变化比例数值，利用此数值实时动态控制打印喷头喷出墨水浓度即可保证在圆锥体侧壁上的喷绘效果。
在喷墨打印装置的喷墨打印方法中，具体打印步骤包括：
a) 放置待打印物体于圆锥体固定装置上；
b) 装卡紧固待打印物体；
c) 调节待打印物体上端打印面的平行度，使其与打印小车的打印头平行，同时配合升降装置带动待打印物体与打印小车保持合适距离；
d) 打印头沿 X 轴方向作单向步进运动；
e) 待打印物体旋转，打印头按照待打印物体外形变化控制将不同浓度变化的墨水喷射到持续旋转的待打印物体上；
f) 软件判断待打印物体上的图像是否打印完成；
g) 打印完成，升降装置下降至最低位置，取下待打印物体，打印小车退回初始位置。
在上述的喷墨打印方法中，所述的打印头包括青色 C 、品红色 M 、黄色 Y 、黑色 K ，还可包括白色 W 、底漆 P 或透明色 V 。
本发明不仅可以打印圆柱体，同时也可打印圆锥体，通过固定装置将待打印物体进行卡紧固定，通过平行度调节装置将圆锥体的上端待打印侧壁外圆周表面与打印头喷嘴保持平行，在打印时电机带动圆锥体自转的过程中保持旋转的平稳度，同时，软件算法控制喷头根据待打印物体外形锥度尺寸变化喷射出对应不同浓度变化比例的墨水量，从而确保在不同锥度的侧壁处打印出喷绘质量相同的图案或文字。并且通过固定装置、平行度调节装置和软件算法控制可以将此打印装置应用至不同锥度的待打印圆锥体的打印作业。
附图说明
图 1 为本发明一个具体实施例的打印装置立体示意图；
图 2 为图 1 打印装置的主视图；
图 3 为本发明一个具体实施例的圆锥体固定装置和平行度调节装置立体示意图；
图 4 为图 3 中隐藏待打印物体后另一角度的立体示意图；
图 5 为图 3 中圆锥体固定装置和平行度调节装置的右视图；
图 6 为圆锥体固定装置中夹紧轮的立体图；
图 7 为图 6 夹紧轮的左视图；
图 8 为待打印物体的立体示意图；
图 9 为本发明软件根据待打印物体侧壁圆锥形态计算喷头喷射的墨水浓度减少比例的计算原理图；
图 10 为本发明一个实施例中喷墨打印装置的打印流程图；
图 11 为本发明的喷墨打印装置第一个喷头 C 打印结束后的模拟示意图；
图 12 为本发明的喷墨打印装置前两个喷头 C 、 M 打印结束后的模拟示意图；
图 13 为本发明的喷墨打印装置最后一个喷头全部打印结束后的模拟示意图；
图 14 为本发明对圆柱体待打印物打印时的一个模拟示意图；
图 15 为本发明的喷墨打印装置又一实施例的打印方式示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图详细说明本发明具体实施例中的喷墨打印装置及喷墨打印方法。
如图 1-2 所示，本实施例中的喷墨打印装置包括打印单元和走料单元，打印单元包括导轨梁部分 1 和打印小车 6 ，在导轨梁部分 1 上装有一打印小车 6 ，打印小车 6 可沿导轨梁作相对运动，在打印小车 1 上设置至少一个打印头，打印小车 6 用于喷射墨滴于待打印物体 9 上以实现图像或文字打印。走料单元包括底座部分 4 、圆锥体固定装置 2 和平行度调节装置 3 ，走料单元设置在打印单元的下方，圆锥体固定装置 2 和平行度调节装置 3 安装于底座部分 4 上，圆锥体固定装置 2 与打印单元在垂直方向上的距离可以调节，圆锥体固定装置 2 用于安放并卡紧待打印物体 9 ，待打印物体 9 为一内部中空的圆锥体，通过平行度调节装置 3 可调节待打印物体 9 外壁上端与打印小车 6 中打印头（图中未示出）之间的平行程度，平行度调节装置 3 下端还连接设置于底座部分的升降装置（图中未示出），软件控制升降装置带动整个圆锥体固定装置 2 和平行度调节装置 3 沿垂直方向上下降或上升至距离打印头适合打印的高度。喷墨打印前，调节圆锥体固定装置 2 和平行度调节装置 3 至待打印物体 9 适合的打印位置；喷墨打印过程中，打印小车 6 沿 X 轴向步进运动，待打印物体 9 绕自身的中心轴做旋转运动，打印头喷射图文于待打印物体 9 上。此外，喷墨打印装置还包括刮墨维护部分 5 ，用于对打印头的刮墨、保湿维护。
如图 3-5 所示，本发明的圆锥体固定装置 2 包括夹紧轮 23 、第一限位轮 24 、第二限位轮 25 、调整杆 26 、 A 固定座 22 、 B 固定座 27 、 C 固定座 28 、滑块 29 和线性滑轨 30 ， A 固定座 22 的一侧通过电机座 211 连接一步进电机 21 ，在 A 固定座 22 上端设置一通孔，调整杆 26 穿过通孔，调整杆 26 一端通过联轴器 212 与步进电机 21 连接，步进电机 21 提供动力，使调整杆 26 与之共同旋转以传递扭矩，调整杆 26 另一端上依次设置夹紧轮 23 、第一限位轮 24 和第二限位轮 25 ，第一限位轮 24 和第二限位轮 25 为一环形圆盘，材料可为超高分子聚乙烯，第一限位轮 24 的直径大于第二限位轮 25 的直径，第一限位轮 24 和第二限位轮 25 通过固定环 251 安装至调整杆 26 上，第一限位轮 24 和第二限位轮 25 可沿调整杆 26 移动，待位置固定后，使用固定环 251 上设置的顶丝（图中未示出）将其固定。夹紧轮 23 位于接近步进电机 21 端，夹紧轮 23 为一铝合金环形圆盘，如图 6-7 所示，夹紧轮 23 外端设置有凹槽 231 ，凹槽 231 内安装密封圈，安装密封圈后的直径略大于第一限位轮 24 的直径，由于夹紧轮 23 外部安装一圈密封圈，在卡装瓶子时增大摩擦，使其夹紧稳固。调整杆 26 末端旁（杯底方向）设置 B 固定座 27 ， B 固定座 27 上端中心设置通孔安装第二调整杆 272 ，第二调整杆 272 接近调整杆 26 的末端安装一橡胶顶头 271 ， B 固定座 27 底端与 C 固定座 28 连接， C 固定座 28 底部分别连接两滑块 29 ，滑块 29 下方与线性滑轨 30 配合，滑块 29 能够在线性滑轨 30 上沿 X 轴向进行滑动，通过滑块 29 在线性滑轨 30 上的滑动带动与 B 固定座 27 相连的第二调整杆 272 沿 X 轴向滑动，最终令第二调整杆 272 末端的橡胶顶头 271 能够移动至待打印物体 9 底部并将其压紧。第二调整杆 272 的移动可通过人工推动方式进行，也可再安装一气缸、通过控制系统控制气缸推动来实现自动化压紧操作。
安装待打印物体 9 为一圆锥体外形，且中空、一侧开口，如圆锥状杯子。如图 8 所示，待打印物体 9 的侧壁 91 具有锥体的外形轮廓，安装时，先手动将 B 固定座 27 向远离调整杆 26 的一方移动，将待打印物体 9 的开口端 92 插入调整杆 26 中，插入的同时根据待打印物体 9 的内壁锥度移动第一限位轮 24 和第二限位轮 25 在调整杆 26 上的位置，使得第一限位轮 24 和第二限位轮 25 刚好卡紧在待打印物体 9 内壁相对应的直径位置，即第一限位轮 24 和第二限位轮 25 与待打印物体 9 内壁紧密接触且相互卡紧受力的状态，通过固定环 251 上的顶丝固定住第一限位轮 24 和第二限位轮 25 。此后再将夹紧轮 23 移动进入靠近瓶口端 92 位置，紧卡住待打印物体 9 的内壁，由于夹紧轮 23 的凹槽 231 内安装有一圈密封圈，能够增大与待打印物体 9 的摩擦力，使待打印物体 9 在打印过程中、步进电机 21 的带动下绕 B 的旋转（如图 5 ）保证平稳，即旋转过程中侧壁 91 上表面的垂直运动量控制在不影响打印效果的范围内。在夹紧轮 23 、第一限位轮 24 和第二限位轮 25 的位置都调整合适后，将 B 固定座 27 向靠近待打印物体 9 方向移动，并使第二调整杆 272 末端安装的橡胶顶头 271 紧靠在待打印物体 9 底部 93 中心处，进而使待打印物体 9 安装固定。
需要说明的是，此装置可用于与本实施例不同锥度或直径的待打印物体，比如不同锥度的杯子、不同直径的圆柱体开口瓶。只要待打印物体的内壁直径变化范围覆盖了第一限位轮 24 和第二限位轮 25 的直径即可，通过第一限位轮 24 和第二限位轮 25 在调整杆 26 上的移动调节卡紧即可。另外，此装置也可适用于锥度不变化的特殊形状、即圆柱体的打印作业，使用第一限位轮 24 、第二限位轮 25 或夹紧轮 23 之中的一个限位轮进行卡紧，主要通过 B 固定座 27 向圆柱体底部靠近、令第二调整杆 272 末端安装的橡胶顶头 271 紧靠在圆柱体底部中心处，从而加以安装固定。当然，对于实心的待打印物体，无论圆锥体或是圆柱体，也可使用两端加紧的方式加以固定，待打印物体的一端面中心同样通过 B 固定座 27 移动使橡胶顶头 271 顶靠，另一端面中心使用与电机 21 连接的类似第二调整杆 272 末端安装的橡胶顶头 271 结构的顶头加以顶靠卡紧，同理不限制实心圆锥体或圆锥体的外形直径尺寸。
平行度调节装置 3 位于圆锥体固定装置 2 的下方，平行度调节装置 3 包括旋转手柄 31 、丝杆 310 、丝母（图中未示出）、中心轴 32 、调节臂 33 、第一连接杆 34 、底板 35 、固定底板 36 、第二连接杆 37 、连座立式轴承 38 和铝型材支架 39 ，旋转手柄 31 连接一丝杆 310 ，丝杆 310 上设置两滚珠轴承 311 和一轴承座 312 ，丝杆 310 另一端连接丝母（图中未示出），丝母上端与固定板 324 连接，固定板 324 底面两侧各连接一滑块 323 ，滑块 323 下方分别设置线性滑轨 322 与之配合，通过两滑块 323 在线性滑轨 322 上的滑动，使固定板 324 进行 X 轴向的滑动；在固定板 324 的两侧面各穿过一中心轴 32 ，中心轴 32 与调节臂 33 之间通过滚珠轴承 321 连接，两调节臂 33 上端设置第一连接杆 34 ，第一连接杆 34 与底板 35 下方一侧连接，底板 35 下方的另一侧通过固定座（图中未示出）连接第二连接杆 37 ，第二连接杆 37 两端部穿入连座立式轴承 38 中、连接至固定底板 36 ，固定底板 36 与下方铝型材支架 39 连接，使整个平行度调节装置 3 连接至铝型材支架 39 上。
下面详细描述本实施例在使用时的平行度调节过程，当向右顺时针方向转动旋转手柄 31 时，旋转手柄 31 带动丝杆 310 顺时针旋转，与丝杆 310 配合的丝母反方向转动，即向远离第二连接杆 37 的方向移动，从而带动与丝母相连的固定板 324 向远离第二连接杆 37 的方向移动，同时与固定板 324 连接的滑块 323 在线性滑轨 322 上进行远离第二连接杆 37 方向的移动；固定板 324 的运动使与之相连的中心轴 32 转动、并带动调节臂 33 与中心轴 32 （即图 5 中的 O 轴）夹角增大，从而带动与第一连接杆 34 相连底板 35 以第二连接杆 37 （即图 5 中的 P 轴）为轴作顺时针旋转（即底板 35 的第一连接杆 34 端沿 Z 轴向的升起）运动，如图 5 所示的 A 箭头指示方向，最终使底板 35 呈现一定的倾斜角度。由于待打印物体 9 为一圆锥体，侧壁有一定锥度，调节旋转手柄 31 即可使待打印物体 9 上端的侧壁保持与 X 轴的平行，即与打印头距离平行，如图 5 所示的状态即为待打印物体 9 旋转过程中上端的侧壁与打印头 /X 轴向平行的位置。
当向左逆时针方向转动旋转手柄 31 时，旋转手柄 31 带动丝杆 310 逆时针旋转，与丝杆 310 配合的丝母反方向转动，即向靠近第二连接杆 37 的方向移动，从而带动与丝母相连的固定板 324 向靠近第二连接杆 37 的方向移动，同时与固定板 324 连接的滑块 323 在线性滑轨 322 上进行靠近第二连接杆 37 方向的移动；固定板 324 的运动使与之相连的中心轴 32 转动、并带动调节臂 33 与中心轴 32 （即图 5 中的 O 轴）夹角减小，从而带动与第一连接杆 34 相连底板 35 以第二连接杆 37 （即图 5 中的 P 轴）为轴作逆时针旋转（即底板 35 的第一连接杆 34 端沿 Z 轴向的下降）运动，从而使底板 35 呈现一定的倾斜角度。由于待打印物体 9 为一圆锥体，侧壁有一定锥度，调节旋转手柄 31 即可使待打印物体 9 上端的侧壁始终保持与 X 轴的平行，当调节量过大时，反方向调节旋转手柄 31 即可确保与打印头距离的平行。
需要指出的是，旋转手柄 31 也可替换为电机驱动，即设置电机与丝杆 310 连接，从而实现自动控制调节平行度。
除打印圆锥体外，待打印物体也可以是圆柱体，在安装圆柱体时同样使用固定装置 2 对其进行固定卡紧，不需要平行度调节装置 3 的调节即可。
下面根据图 9-14 详细描述下圆锥状物体的打印方法：首先，在打印圆锥状物体的软件编写时是具有特殊性的，由于待打印物体为圆锥体形状，比如杯子，外表面直径会由杯口向杯底缩小，若依照以往打印圆柱体或打印平面介质的下墨方式，实际打印的图像会发生变形，且随着图像的位置不同，变形的尺寸也会不同，越接近杯底的部分尺寸变得越小。为保证打印图案的正常视觉效果，在软件算法时 /RIP 需要考虑圆锥体锥面收缩的特性加以计算，并根据计算结果控制改变喷出的墨水浓度。墨水浓度具体计算如下：
1. 首先设杯口直径为 D1 ，杯底直径为 D2 ，杯子垂直高度为 H ，圆锥侧壁的延长线相交于 P 点，杯底至 P 点的距离为 X ，扫描打印位置为圆周 L ，扫描打印位置处的直径为 D ，扫描打印位置至杯底的距离为 d ，如图 9 所示。
2. 计算杯底至 P 点的距离 X ：根据三角形相似原理有 杯口直径D1/杯底直径D2=(X+杯子垂直高度H)/X， 从而可以得到 X=H/ （ D1/D2-1 ）。
3. 计算扫描打印位置处的直径 D ：同理根据三角形相似原理有 杯口直径D1/ 扫描打印位置 直径D= （ X+ 杯子垂直高度 H ） / （ X+ 扫描打印位置至杯底距离 d ）， 从而可以得到： D=D1 ×（ X+d ） / （ X+H ）。
4. 计算在扫描打印位置 L 处所需的墨水浓度变化比例： 墨水浓度变化比例 = 扫描打印位置直径 D/ 杯口直径 D1= （ X+ 扫描打印位置至杯底距离 d ） / （ X+ 杯子垂直高度 H ）。
5. 上述公式中杯底至 P 点的距离 X 、杯子垂直高度 H 、扫描打印位置至杯底的距离 d 均为已知参数，代入公式即可计算出所需墨水浓度变化比例数值，利用此数值实时动态控制打印喷头喷出墨水浓度即可保证在锥形体表面的喷绘效果。
喷墨打印的过程如流程图 10 所示，喷墨打印前，将待打印物体 9 放置于圆锥体固定装置 2 上，然后装卡紧固待打印物体 9 ：即将待打印物体 9 的开口端插入圆锥体固定装置 2 的调整杆 26 中，插入的同时根据待打印物体 9 内壁锥度移动第一限位轮 24 和第二限位轮 25 使其刚好卡紧在待打印物体 9 内壁相对应的直径位置，以达到紧密接触且相互卡紧受力的状态，此后再将夹紧轮 23 移动进入瓶口紧卡住待打印物体 9 的内壁，最后将 B 固定座 27 向靠近待打印物体 9 方向移动，令橡胶顶头 271 紧靠在待打印物体 9 底部，用以保证待打印物体 9 在打印过程中、步进电机 21 的带动下绕 B 的旋转（如图 5 ）平稳性。随后通过平行度调节装置 3 调节待打印物体 9 上端侧壁的平行度，使待打印物体 9 上端的侧壁保持与打印小车的打印头距离平行，即与 X 轴的平行。同时通过升降装置配合带动待打印物体 9 沿垂直方向向上运动，使打印小车 6 上打印头所在的平面距离待打印物体 9 的待打印面之间的距离打印最合适的距离（通常为 1~3mm ），打印最合适的距离根据用户选择的待打印物体材质及打印墨水的性能而定。
喷墨打印过程中，打印头沿 X 轴箭头方向做单向步进运动，同时待打印物体 9 绕自身中心轴旋转，打印头将墨滴喷射到持续旋转的待打印物体 9 上，喷墨量根据上述计算出的墨水浓度变化比例进行控制，软件判断待打印物体 9 上的图像是否打印完成：若否，则继续打印头沿 X 轴箭头方向的单向步进运动及待打印物体 9 的旋转及打印头的喷墨；若是，则停止打印头的步进运动、停止待打印物体 9 旋转以及停止打印头的喷墨。以两 pass 打印为例，喷墨打印开始时，第一个打印头 C 的前一半喷嘴进入打印区，控制系统控制打印头前一半喷嘴喷射墨滴于旋转的待打印物体 9 上，待打印物体 9 旋转一周后，第一 pass 打印结束，第一 pass （遍）打印过程中打印头 C 的后一半喷嘴及第二个打印头 M 、第三个打印头 Y 、第四个打印头 K 不喷墨。打印头沿 X 轴方向步进半个打印头，此时第一个打印头 C 的喷嘴全部进入打印区，控制系统控制第一个打印头 C 喷嘴喷射墨滴于旋转的待打印物体 9 上，待打印物体 9 旋转一周后，第二 pass 打印结束，第二 pass （遍）打印过程中第二个打印头 M 、第三个打印头 Y 、第四个打印头 K 不喷墨。打印头继续沿 X 轴方向步进半个打印头，如此重复，在打印第八 pass 时所有打印头的喷嘴进入打印区，控制系统控制打印小车 6 沿 X 轴所示方向步进运动，控制步进电机 21 带动待打印物体 9 绕待打印物体的旋转中心轴持续旋转，同时控制打印小车 6 上的打印头喷射墨滴于旋转的待打印物体 9 上，待打印物体 9 旋转一周，控制系统控制待打印小车 6 沿 X 轴所示方向步进半个打印头，打印小车 6 步进之后停止不动，控制系统控制打印小车 6 上的打印头喷射墨滴于旋转的待打印物体 9 上，整个打印过程中，控制系统控制打印小车 6 沿 X 轴作步进运动，控制待打印物体 9 匀速旋转。从倒数第七 pass 开始，打印头开始远离待打印物体 9 上的打印区，在喷墨打印的最后一 pass ，打印小车 6 上的第一个打印头 C 、第二个打印头 M 、第三个打印头 Y 已经完全离开打印区，第四个打印头 K 的前一半喷嘴也离开打印区，打印头 K 的后一半喷嘴还在打印区，控制系统控制打印头 K 的后一半喷嘴喷射墨滴于待打印物体 9 上以完成最后一 pass 的打印，至此图像打印结束。
喷墨打印结束后控制系统控制升降装置带动已经打印好的待打印物体 9 沿垂直方向下降至最低位置，操作人员将已经打印好的待打印物体 9 取下，并将一新的未打印的待打印物体 9 放置于圆锥体固定装置 2 上，重新调节以进行下一待打印物体的打印工作。
图 11-13 为采用本发明的喷墨打印装置在圆锥体外形的待打印物体上进行图像和文字打印过程的另一实施例示意图，此实施例为打印小车每次沿 X 轴向步进一个喷头打印宽度距离。喷墨打印时，打印小车沿 X 轴向作单向步进运动，在打印头 C 完全进入打印区时，打印小车停止运动并保持静止状态；驱动机构驱动待打印物体持续旋转。感测装置在感测到待打印物体上的标识标记时控制系统控制打印小车上的打印头 C 喷射青色墨水于旋转的待打印物体上，打印头 M 、打印头 Y 和打印头 K 不工作，如图 11 所示。本发明的喷墨打印方法中，感测装置共检测待打印物体上的标示标记的时刻为开始打印的时刻，此时在待打印物体上形成墨滴的位置为打印的开始位置，打印的结束位置由需要打印的打印图像确定。由图 11 侧壁展开图可以看出：本发明的喷墨打印方法在待打印物体上的打印的开始位置和打印的结束位置区间内喷射墨水的区域呈扇形，即靠近瓶口位置的打印墨水喷射浓度大于靠近瓶底位置的打印墨水喷射浓度，具体的喷墨量浓度变化根据上述的软件计算获得。且本发明中的打印头的全部喷嘴都工作，喷嘴的使用率高，打印效率高，且能有效避免打印头喷嘴由于长时间不工作而堵塞。
第一遍打印结束后打印小车沿 X 轴向步进一个喷头打印宽度距离，此时打印头Ｃ和打印头Ｍ完全进入打印区域，打印小车停止运动并保持静止状态，驱动机构驱动待打印物体持续旋转，在感测装置感测到待打印物体上的标识标记时控制系统控制打印小车上的打印头Ｃ和打印头Ｍ分别喷射青色墨水和品红色墨水于旋转的待打印物体上，打印头 Y 和打印头 K 不工作，如图 12 所示。此时打印头Ｃ在待打印物体的未打印区域打印根据打印图像所需的青色墨滴，打印头Ｍ在第一遍打印时打印头Ｃ已打印的打印区域叠加根据打印图像所需的品红色墨滴，同样待打印物体上的打印的开始位置和打印的结束位置区间内喷射墨水的区域呈扇形，即靠近瓶口位置的打印墨水喷射浓度大于靠近瓶底位置的打印墨水喷射浓度，具体的喷墨量浓度变化根据上述的软件计算获得。
第二遍打印结束后打印小车沿 X 轴向步进一个喷头打印宽度距离，此时打印头Ｃ、打印头Ｍ和打印头Ｙ完全进入打印区域，打印小车停止运动并保持静止状态，驱动机构驱动待打印物体持续旋转，在感测装置感测到待打印物体上的标识标记时控制系统控制打印小车上的打印头Ｃ、打印头Ｍ和打印头Ｙ分别喷射青色墨水、品红色墨水和黄色墨水于旋转的待打印物体上，打印头Ｋ不工作。此时打印头Ｃ在待打印物体的未打印区域打印根据打印图像所需的青色墨滴，打印头Ｍ在第一遍打印时打印头Ｃ已打印的打印区域叠加根据打印图像所需的品红色墨滴，打印头Ｙ在第二遍打印时打印头Ｃ和打印头Ｍ已打印的区域叠加根据打印图像所需的黄色墨滴，同样待打印物体上的打印的开始位置和打印的结束位置区间内喷射墨水的区域呈扇形，即靠近瓶口位置的打印墨水喷射浓度大于靠近瓶底位置的打印墨水喷射浓度，具体的喷墨量浓度变化根据上述的软件计算获得。
第三遍打印结束后打印小车沿 X 轴向步进一个喷头打印宽度距离，此时打印头Ｃ、打印头Ｍ、打印头Ｙ和打印头Ｋ完全进入打印区域，打印小车停止运动并保持静止状态，驱动机构驱动待打印物体持续旋转，在感测装置感测到待打印物体上的标识标记时控制系统控制打印小车上的打印头Ｃ、打印头Ｍ、打印头Ｙ和打印头Ｋ分别喷射青色墨水、品红色墨水、黄色墨水和黑色墨水于旋转的待打印物体上。此时打印头Ｃ在待打印物体的未打印区域打印根据打印图像所需的青色墨滴，打印头Ｍ在第一遍打印时打印头Ｃ已打印的打印区域叠加根据打印图像所需的品红色墨滴，打印头Ｙ在第二遍打印时打印头Ｃ和打印头Ｍ已打印的区域叠加根据打印图像所需的黄色墨滴，打印头Ｋ在第三遍打印时打印头Ｃ、打印头Ｍ和打印头Ｙ已打印的区域叠加根据打印图像所需的黑色墨滴 , 同样待打印物体上的打印的开始位置和打印的结束位置区间内喷射墨水的区域呈扇形，即靠近瓶口位置的打印墨水喷射浓度大于靠近瓶底位置的打印墨水喷射浓度。
第四遍打印结束后，打印小车沿 X 轴向步进一个喷头打印宽度距离，打印过程中打印小车处于静止状态，驱动机构驱动待打印物体持续旋转，在感测装置感测到待打印物体上的标识标记时控制系统控制打印小车上的打印头Ｃ、Ｍ、Ｙ、Ｋ同时喷射墨滴于旋转的待打印物体上；在第五遍喷墨打印结束后，打印小车沿 X 轴步进一个喷头打印宽度距离，并在感测装置感测到待打印物体上的标识标记时控制系统控制打印小车上的打印头Ｃ、Ｍ、Ｙ、Ｋ同时喷射墨滴于旋转的待打印物体上，如此循环直至倒数第四遍喷墨打印结束。倒数第四遍喷墨打印结束后，打印小车沿 X 轴向步进一个喷头打印宽度距离，此时打印头Ｃ已经离开打印区域，打印头Ｍ、打印头Ｙ和打印头Ｋ还在打印区域内，在感测装置感测到待打印物体上的标识标记时控制系统控制打印小车上的打印头Ｍ、Ｙ、Ｋ同时喷射墨滴于旋转的待打印物体上，打印头Ｃ不喷墨。倒数第三遍打印结束后，打印小车沿 X 轴步进一个喷头打印宽度距离，此时打印头Ｃ和打印头Ｍ离开打印区域，在感测装置感测到待打印物体上的标识标记时控制系统控制打印小车上的打印头Ｙ和打印头Ｋ同时喷射墨滴于旋转的待打印物体上，打印头 C 和打印头 M 不喷墨。倒数第二遍打印结束后，打印小车沿 X 轴步进一个喷头打印宽度距离，此时打印头Ｃ、打印头Ｍ和打印头Ｙ离开打印区域，在感测装置感测到待打印物体上的标识标记时控制系统控制打印小车上的打印头Ｋ喷射墨滴于旋转的待打印物体上，如图 13 所示，同样待打印物体上的打印的开始位置和打印的结束位置区间内喷射墨水的区域呈扇形，即靠近瓶口位置的打印墨水喷射浓度大于靠近瓶底位置的打印墨水喷射浓度，具体的喷墨量浓度变化根据上述的软件实时计算获得。倒数第一遍（也就是最后一遍打印）打印结束后，打印头Ｃ、Ｍ、Ｙ、Ｋ全部离开打印区域，喷墨打印结束。
当然，除了打印圆锥体外，软件同样还能处理圆柱体的打印，如图 14 所示，在打印圆柱体待打印物体时，只是圆锥体外形的一种特殊情况，即杯口直径与杯底直径相等，即 D1=D2 ，圆柱体打印物的侧面展开图为矩形，打印的图文也是墨滴均匀的分布，其打印过程均与上述描述相似。
打印小车上的喷头排列不仅限于上述 C 、 M 、 Y 、 K 的排列方式，还可以如图 15 所示，依次排列白色喷头 W 、青色喷头 C 、品红色喷头 M 、黄色喷头 Y 、黑色喷头 K ，此种喷头排列方式应用于在打印彩色图像前、先需要在待打印物体表面打印一层白色涂层油墨以增加色彩鲜艳度的情况，打印方法及运动原理不变；另外，白色喷头还可以换成底漆油墨喷头 P ，用于在彩色图像打印前、先在待打印物体表面喷射一层附着力强的粘性油墨用以提高图像的附着力；同样，还可以另外设置透明油墨 V ，用于在彩色图像打印后在其上打印一层透明油墨以实现水印、增亮、亚光、保护层等不同应用效果。
凡根据本发明的具体实施方式所做出的任何变形，均不脱离本发明的精神以及权利要求记载的范围。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种喷墨打印装置，包括一打印部分和控制系统，打印部分用于安装和带动打印小车，所述打印小车上安装至少一个打印头，控制系统用于控制打印头的工作以及打印小车和待打印物体的运动，其特征在于，
    a) 在打印小车的下方设置一固定装置，固定装置用于固定卡紧待打印物体，并驱动待打印物体绕自身轴线旋转，固定装置包括移动部、安装部和驱动部，安装部用于安装待打印物体，移动部设置在安装部的一侧，可相对安装部移动，通过靠近或远离安装部来压紧待打印物体，驱动部一端与安装部相连，驱动部的另一端连接一驱动电机，驱动部驱动待打印物体绕自身中心轴旋转；
    b) 在固定装置的下端设置一调节装置，调节装置可带动待打印物体在第一方向（ A 方向）做旋转运动，用以调节待打印物体上端打印面与打印头喷嘴所在直线的平行度；
    c) 在待打印物体下端设置一固化装置，固化装置用于干燥喷射至待打印物体上的墨滴。
  2. 如权利要求 1 所述的喷墨打印装置，其特征在于，所述的固定装置为一圆锥体或圆柱体固定装置，所述待打印物体为一圆锥体或圆柱体。
  3. 如权利要求 1 所述的喷墨打印装置，其特征在于，还包括一升降装置，固定装置和调节装置安装在升降装置上，升降装置用于驱动待打印物体在垂直方向的上升或下降运动，用以保证待打印物体与打印头之间的距离为适合的打印距离（一般为 1-3mm ）。
  4. 如权利要求 1 所述的喷墨打印装置，其特征在于，所述固定装置的安装部包括第一限位轮、第二限位轮和调整杆，第一限位轮和第二限位轮为中心有通孔的环形圆盘，第一限位轮和第二限位轮的中心通孔穿入调整杆、并通过固定环与调整杆连接，第一限位轮和第二限位轮可沿调整杆移动或锁紧至调整杆上。
  5. 如权利要求 4 所述的喷墨打印装置，其特征在于，所述第一限位轮的直径与第二限位轮的直径不同，在直径大的限位轮另一侧设置夹紧轮，夹紧轮为一中心有通孔的环形圆盘，夹紧轮外端安装密封圈，用于增加待打印物体安装稳定性。
  6. 如权利要求 1 所述的喷墨打印装置，其特征在于，所述待打印物体安装在移动部与驱动部之间，待打印物体的一端套装在驱动部上，待打印物体的另一端顶靠在移动部上。
  7. 如权利要求 1 所述的喷墨打印装置，其特征在于，所述固定装置下方通过底板连接调节装置，调节装置包括丝杆、固定板、调节臂、第一连接杆和第二连接杆，丝杆通过丝母与固定板连接，固定板的两侧面通过两中心轴与两调节臂相连，两调节臂上端连接第一连接杆，底板下方两侧分别连接第一连接杆和第二连接杆，通过旋转丝杆，带动调节臂与固定板夹角变化，从而带动底板以第二连接杆为轴（即 A 方向）做旋转运动。
  8. 一种权利要求 1 所述喷墨打印装置的喷墨打印方法，其特征在于，包括将待打印物体卡紧在固定装置上，通过调节装置调节待打印物体上端打印面与打印头所在直线平行，控制系统控制打印小车沿水平方向单向步进运动、控制待打印物体绕自身中心轴旋转运动以及控制喷头根据待打印物体外形尺寸变化喷射出对应不同浓度变化比例的墨水量。
  9. 如权利要求 8 所述的喷墨打印方法，其特征在于，所述的待打印物体为一圆锥体外形的物体，待打印物体待打印侧壁展开为一扇形，如杯子。
  10. 如权利要求 8 所述的喷墨打印方法，其特征在于，所述的待打印物体为一圆柱体外形的物体，待打印物体待打印侧壁展开为一矩形。
  11. 如权利要求 9 所述的喷墨打印方法，其特征在于，控制喷头根据待打印物体外形尺寸变化喷射出对应不同浓度变化比例的墨水量通过软件算法编程计算实现 , 喷射墨水量会由杯口向杯底缩小。
  12. 如权利要求 9 所述的喷墨打印方法，其特征在于，
    墨水浓度变化比例 = 扫描打印位置直径 D/ 杯口直径 D1= （ X+ 扫描打印位置至杯底距离 d ） / （ X+ 杯子垂直高度 H ） ，
    其中杯底至 P 点的距离 X （ P 点为圆锥侧壁的延长线相交的点）、杯子垂直高度 H 、扫描打印位置至杯底距离 d 均为已知参数，代入公式即可计算出所需墨水浓度变化比例数值，利用此数值实时动态控制打印喷头喷出墨水浓度即可保证在圆锥体侧壁上的喷绘效果。
  13. 如权利要求 9 所述的喷墨打印方法，其特征在于，具体打印步骤包括：
    a) 放置待打印物体于固定装置上；
    b) 装卡紧固待打印物体；
    c) 调节待打印物体上端打印面的平行度，使其与打印小车的打印头平行，同时配合升降装置带动待打印物体与打印小车保持合适距离；
    d) 打印头沿 X 轴方向作单向步进运动；
    e) 待打印物体旋转，打印头按照待打印物体外形变化控制将不同浓度变化的墨水喷射到持续旋转的待打印物体上；
    f) 软件判断待打印物体上的图像是否打印完成；
    g) 打印完成，升降装置下降至最低位置，取下待打印物体，打印小车退回初始位置。
  14. 如权利要求 8 所述的喷墨打印方法，其特征在于，所述的打印头包括青色 C 、品红色 M 、黄色 Y 、黑色 K ，还可包括白色 W 、底漆 P 或透明色 V 。
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