WO2017114259A1 - 一种宽幅可变流量配水系统 - Google Patents

一种宽幅可变流量配水系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017114259A1
WO2017114259A1 PCT/CN2016/111316 CN2016111316W WO2017114259A1 WO 2017114259 A1 WO2017114259 A1 WO 2017114259A1 CN 2016111316 W CN2016111316 W CN 2016111316W WO 2017114259 A1 WO2017114259 A1 WO 2017114259A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
vertex
water distribution
nozzle
variable flow
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/111316
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈永胜
曾竞
李峰
曾亚军
刘同武
Original Assignee
上海艾客制冷科技有限公司
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Application filed by 上海艾客制冷科技有限公司 filed Critical 上海艾客制冷科技有限公司
Priority to US16/066,954 priority Critical patent/US11002499B2/en
Publication of WO2017114259A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017114259A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
    • F28F25/02—Component parts of trickle coolers for distributing, circulating, and accumulating liquid
    • F28F25/06—Spray nozzles or spray pipes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
    • B05B1/3405—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
    • B05B1/341—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
    • B05B1/3405—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
    • B05B1/341—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
    • B05B1/3421—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber
    • B05B1/3431—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels being formed at the interface of cooperating elements, e.g. by means of grooves
    • B05B1/3436—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels being formed at the interface of cooperating elements, e.g. by means of grooves the interface being a plane perpendicular to the outlet axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
    • F28C1/00—Direct-contact trickle coolers, e.g. cooling towers
    • F28C1/06—Direct-contact trickle coolers, e.g. cooling towers with both counter-current and cross-current
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
    • F28F25/02—Component parts of trickle coolers for distributing, circulating, and accumulating liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F25/00—Component parts of trickle coolers
    • F28F25/02—Component parts of trickle coolers for distributing, circulating, and accumulating liquid
    • F28F25/04—Distributing or accumulator troughs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/26—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets
    • B05B1/262—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets with fixed deflectors
    • B05B1/265—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets with fixed deflectors the liquid or other fluent material being symmetrically deflected about the axis of the nozzle

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of cooling tower technology, and more particularly to a wide variable flow water distribution system.
  • the working principle of the cooling tower is that the flowing air is blown from the right angle to the sprayed water. When the air passes through the water droplets, part of the water evaporates. Since the heat used to evaporate the water drops reduces the temperature of the water, the remaining water is It was cooled.
  • Conventional cooling towers have a water distribution system.
  • the conventional water distribution system requires a standard water level to maintain stable operation. Under the standard water volume, the water level reaches a certain height, and each nozzle has a certain water level. At this time, the flow rate of each nozzle The difference is not big, the system can run stably. If the actual flow deviates from this standard flow, such as the amount of water becomes smaller (multiple reasons may cause the water volume to become smaller, such as the most common hydraulic imbalance in the operation of multiple towers, pipeline air resistance, bottom tank suction, etc.), from the water distribution pipe The water flowing to the distribution basin is not enough to form a stable water level, and the water distribution system has a large water level difference from the near outlet to the far outlet. Due to the change of the water level, the water output of the nozzle will change obviously. There will be uneven distribution of water.
  • the present invention provides a wide variable flow water distribution system capable of avoiding the problem of uneven water spray caused when the real-time water pressure is a non-standard water pressure.
  • the invention provides a wide variable flow water distribution system, comprising: a water distribution tank, at least two types of nozzles evenly distributed on the bottom of the water distribution tank, and each of the nozzles is provided with a groove bottom of the water distribution tank Phase
  • the nozzle is connected, the upper part of the nozzle is provided with a water inlet, and the lower part has a water outlet, and the water inlets of at least two types of the nozzles are exposed at different heights of the groove bottom of the water distribution tank.
  • the upper portion of the nozzle is provided with a water inlet larger than a water outlet provided at a lower portion thereof.
  • the nozzle includes at least a first low-pressure high-diffusion variable-flow nozzle and a second low-pressure high-diffusion variable-flow nozzle, and the first low-pressure high-diffusion variable-flow nozzle and the second low-pressure high-diffusion variable-flow nozzle each include :
  • a fluid steering accelerator connected to a lower portion of the nozzle and a tension canceller disposed on the fluid steering accelerator, a center portion of a water-facing surface of the fluid steering accelerator is higher than an edge portion, and a center portion of the water-facing surface passes An arc-shaped transition toward the edge portion such that a flow of water flowing in a vertical direction is gradually converted to a horizontal direction through the curved surface;
  • the tension canceller is convex on the water-facing surface, and the tension canceler is One end is close to the central portion, and the second end is close to the edge portion, the tension eliminator is gradually increased in thickness from top to bottom, and the thickness is gradually increased along the central portion to the edge portion of the water-facing surface.
  • the water inlet of the first nozzle is higher than the bottom of the tank of the water distribution tank by more than 10 mm, and the water inlet of the second nozzle is flush with the bottom of the tank.
  • a plurality of said first heads and second heads are evenly distributed on said groove bottom.
  • the plurality of strain relief devices are distributed on the water-facing surface in a circumferential direction with the center portion as a center.
  • any one of the tension eliminators is a triangular pyramid having a first apex, a second apex, a third apex, and a fourth apex, and a line connecting any two vertices is an edge of the triangular pyramid;
  • the first vertex, the second vertex and the third vertex are disposed on the water-facing surface, and the first vertex is close to the central portion, and the second vertex and the third vertex are close to The edge portion, the fourth apex protrudes from the water-facing surface.
  • the projection of the fourth vertex in the vertical direction is outside the waterfront.
  • the first vertex is equal to a length of a line connecting the second vertex and the third vertex; the fourth vertex is located at a triangle formed by the first vertex, the second vertex, and the third vertex Correct Weigh the face.
  • a line connecting the fourth vertex and the first vertex is tangent to the water passing hole.
  • a line connecting the fourth vertex and the first vertex intersects a center line of the water passing hole.
  • the center portion of the fluid steering accelerator is provided with a water passing hole penetrating therethrough in the up and down direction.
  • the water passing hole is a tapered hole which gradually increases in diameter from the top to the bottom.
  • the fluid steering accelerator comprises at least two stages, the fluid steering accelerators of each stage are distributed in a vertical direction, and the fluid deflection accelerators of each stage are provided with the tension eliminator.
  • the fluid steering accelerator is in multiple stages, and each of the fluid steering accelerators is provided with the tension eliminator, and the multi-stage fluid steering accelerators are sequentially connected in a vertical direction.
  • adjacent two stages of the fluid steering accelerators are connected by a first connecting column.
  • a lower portion of the nozzle is provided with a flange, and the fluid steering accelerator of the uppermost stage is connected to the flange through a second connecting post.
  • the flange and the second connecting post are snapped together by a buckle and a card slot.
  • At least two types of nozzles are evenly distributed on the bottom of the tank, and the inlets of at least two types of the nozzles are exposed at different heights of the bottom of the tank, for convenience of description.
  • the following description will be made with the first nozzle and the second nozzle, wherein the water inlet of the second nozzle is lower than the height of the water inlet of the first nozzle.
  • the flow rate is less than the standard flow rate, only the second nozzle works.
  • the first nozzle When the flow rate is greater than the standard flow rate, the first nozzle also works at the same time, so even if the system reaches the standard working condition, even if only 10% of the standard working condition is used, Uniform water distribution can be obtained on the system packing, which enables the cooling tower to work in the best condition under various working conditions.
  • the inner side wall of the nozzle is provided with a spiral water guiding groove which spirally descends in the direction from the upper end to the lower end of the inlet pipe, and the water entering the nozzle spirally flows along the spiral water guiding groove to generate a vortex effect. Increase the centrifugal force of the water flow to ensure the area where the water flow is scattered.
  • the water-facing surface is a tapered surface that gradually expands from the top to the bottom, the water flowing in the vertical direction can be gradually converted to the horizontal direction through the tapered surface. , further ensuring the diffusion area of water;
  • the water will be tangent to the strain relief during the steering process, due to the tension eliminator
  • the thickness of the lower direction gradually increases, and the thickness increases gradually from the center to the edge of the water-facing surface. Therefore, when the water flows on the water-facing surface, it can be gradually separated by the tension canceler, and the resistance encountered by the water flow is small, and the tension is eliminated.
  • the device separates the water flow, thereby avoiding the same direction by the tension concentration of the water flow. Therefore, the nozzle provided by the invention can make the water flow spray farther and more uniform under any working condition.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a fluid steering accelerator and a strain relief in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of a fluid steering accelerator and a strain relief device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a nozzle having a three-stage fluid steering accelerator according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a spray head having a three-stage fluid steering accelerator in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a nozzle having a two-stage fluid steering accelerator according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a front elevational view showing a wide variable flow water distribution system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a top plan view of a wide variable flow water distribution system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present embodiment provides a wide variable flow water distribution system capable of avoiding the problem of uneven water spray caused when the real-time water pressure is a non-standard water pressure.
  • a wide variable flow water distribution system provided by the present embodiment includes a water distribution tank 27 , a plurality of first spray heads and a second spray head distributed at the bottom of the water distribution tank 27 , and of course, The third head and the fourth head can be included.
  • the first head and the second head will be exemplified below.
  • a plurality of nozzles of different heights are arranged on the water distribution tank according to a certain rule, so that the water volume control in the target area of the water distribution system is increased or decreased to achieve the function of winter ice formation.
  • the first spray head 28 and the second spray head 29 each include a nozzle 21, a fluid steering accelerator 11 connected to the lower portion of the nozzle, and a strain relief 12 disposed on the fluid steering accelerator 11.
  • the water inlet of the nozzle of the first nozzle 28 is higher than the water inlet of the nozzle 21 of the second nozzle 29, and the water inlet of the first nozzle 28 is larger than the water inlet of the second nozzle 29, that is, the first The flow rate of the spray head 28 is greater than the flow rate of the second spray head 29.
  • other types of common nozzles may be used, and it is only required to ensure that the water inlet of the nozzle of the first nozzle is higher than the water inlet of the nozzle of the second nozzle, and the water inlet of the nozzle. It can be larger than the water inlet of the second nozzle.
  • a water inlet is provided at the upper portion of the nozzle 21, and a water outlet is provided at the bottom.
  • the inner side wall of the nozzle 21 is provided with a spiral water guiding groove 22, and the water flowing into the nozzle flows downward in the spiral direction along the spiral water guiding groove 22.
  • the central portion 14 of the water-facing surface 13 of the fluid steering accelerator 11 is higher than the edge portion 15, and the central portion 14 of the water-facing surface 13 is transitioned through the curved-facing edge portion 15 so that the flow of water flowing in the vertical direction gradually becomes horizontal through the curved surface.
  • Direction conversion
  • the above-mentioned water-facing surface 13 is an arc-shaped surface capable of gradually changing the direction of the water flow from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction.
  • the curved surface may be disposed as follows: in any one of the longitudinal sections of the fluid steering accelerator 11 The central portion 14 of the water-facing surface 13 transitions along the curved line toward the edge portion 15, and the midpoint of the line connecting the ends of the curved line is higher than the midpoint of the curved line.
  • the water-facing surface 13 of such a structure can gradually direct the water flow direction. Converted from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction.
  • the curved surface may also be a structure similar to the outer peripheral curved surface of the cone.
  • the tension eliminator 12 is raised on the water absorbing surface 13, the first end of the tension eliminator 12 is close to the central portion 14, and the second end is close to the edge portion 15, and the tension eliminator 12 is gradually increased in thickness from top to bottom. And the thickness of the central portion 14 to the edge portion 15 along the water-facing surface 13 gradually increases, the water flow flows from the top to the bottom, and flows from the central portion 14 to the edge portion 15, and the tension eliminator 12 can gradually divide the water flow into two parts, and The water flow encounters less resistance and reduces the shunt energy consumption.
  • the center portion of the fluid steering accelerator 11 may be provided with a water passing hole 16 penetrating therethrough in the up and down direction. It should be noted that the water passing hole 16 in the center of the fluid steering accelerator 11 The diameter can be increased or reduced depending on the needs of the application or even eliminated. A water passing hole 16 is provided in the fluid turning accelerator 11 to prevent a hollow circle from being formed after the water is ejected. Moreover, in the present embodiment, the fluid steering accelerator 11 can be disposed in two stages of up and down distribution, and each stage of the fluid steering accelerator 11 is provided with a tension eliminator. Of course, the number of stages of the fluid steering accelerator 11 can also be one, three, four, etc., and can be specifically set according to actual conditions, and will not be specifically described herein.
  • the nozzles with different inlet sizes are used.
  • the flow rate is less than the standard flow rate, only the second nozzle 29 with a small inlet is working, when the flow rate is greater than
  • the first nozzle 28 with a large inlet also works at the same time, so even if the system reaches the standard working condition, even if only 10% of the standard working condition is flowed, the system packing can obtain uniform water distribution.
  • the cooling tower can work in optimum conditions under all conditions.
  • the water in the water distribution tank 27 enters the nozzle 21 through the water inlet of the nozzle 21 of the first nozzle 28 and/or the second nozzle 29, and the inner side wall of the nozzle 21 is provided with a spiral along the upper end to the lower end of the inlet nozzle.
  • the descending spiral water guiding trough 22, the water entering the nozzle 21 spirally flows along the spiral water guiding trough 22, generating a vortex effect, increasing the centrifugal force of the water flow to ensure the area where the water flow is dispersed.
  • the water flow When the water flows out of the nozzle 21 and falls on the water-facing surface 13 of the fluid steering accelerator, since the central portion 14 of the water-facing surface 13 is higher than the peripheral edge portion 15, the water flow first contacts the central portion 14 and along the water-facing surface. 13 flows toward the edge portion 15 of the water-facing surface 13, and since the water-facing surface 13 is an arc-shaped surface that can gradually change the direction of the water flow from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction, the water flow can be gradually formed along the curved surface by the vertical flow direction. Switch to the horizontal flow direction to make the water spray farther.
  • the water is tangential to the strain relief 12 during the steering process, since the thickness of the strain relief 12 gradually increases in the direction from top to bottom, and the thickness increases gradually from the central portion 14 to the edge portion 15 of the water-facing surface 13 . Therefore, when the water flows on the water-facing surface 13, it can be gradually separated by the strain relief 12, and the resistance encountered by the water flow is small, and the tension eliminator 12 separates the water flow, thereby preventing the water flow from flowing in one direction, thus,
  • the first nozzle and the second nozzle provided by the invention can make the water jet spray farther and more uniform under any working condition.
  • the height of the water inlet of the first nozzle and the water inlet of the second nozzle may be specifically set according to actual conditions.
  • the water inlet of the first nozzle may be higher than the bottom of the tank of the water distribution tank by more than 10 mm, and the second nozzle The water inlet can be flush with the bottom of the tank.
  • the plurality of first spray heads 28 and the second spray heads 29 are evenly distributed on the bottom of the tank.
  • the plurality of first spray heads and the second spray heads may be distributed in a plum blossom shape on the water distribution tank. At the bottom, and each group is not interfered with each other, the number and concentration can be adjusted according to the specific needs of the user.
  • the plurality of first heads 28 may be distributed in a matrix type
  • the plurality of second heads 29 are also distributed in a matrix type, so that the distribution of the ejected water has better uniformity.
  • tension canceller 12 is provided in plurality, and is distributed on the water immersion surface 13 in the circumferential direction with the center portion 14 as a center.
  • the water flow on the water-facing surface 13 can be divided into a plurality of water flows, and the connection between the water flows in each section can be cut off, so that the water flow distribution can be more uniform.
  • the tension eliminator 12 is specifically triangular pyramidal, that is, it has a first apex 17, a second apex 18, a third apex 19, and a fourth apex 20, and a line connecting any two vertices. It is a triangular tapered edge.
  • first vertex 17, the second vertex 18, and the third vertex 19 are disposed on the water-facing surface 13, and the first vertex 17 is close to the central portion 14, and the second vertex 18 and the third vertex 19 are close to the edge portion 15,
  • the fourth vertex 20 is raised on the water-facing surface 13.
  • the triangular conical strain relief 12 is capable of achieving a significant separation of the water flow with less resistance to water flow.
  • the projection of the fourth vertex 20 in the vertical direction is outside the water-facing surface 13, that is, the projection of the fourth vertex 20 in the vertical direction is outside the plane surrounded by the edge portion 15, that is, the fourth vertex is convex Outside the cylinder where the water is located.
  • the first vertices 17 are respectively equal to the length of the line connecting the second apex 18 and the third apex 19, that is, the triangles of the first apex 17, the second apex 18 and the third apex 19 are isosceles triangles;
  • the fourth apex 20 is located on the symmetry plane of the isosceles triangle, such that the edges formed by the first apex 17 and the fourth apex 20 are on the symmetry plane of the strain relief 12, so that the edge can equally divide the water flow Two paragraphs.
  • connection between the fourth vertex 20 and the first vertex 17 is The water hole 16 is tangent or intersects the center line of the water hole 16. This form of distribution allows the direction of extension of the strain relief 12 to substantially coincide with the direction of flow of the water flow, which further reduces the resistance of the strain relief 12 to water flow.
  • the adjacent two-stage fluid steering accelerators may be connected by the first connecting column 23, and all the fluid steering accelerators and the first connecting column 23 are connected. It is connected by injection molding into a one-piece structure. In this way, the fluid steering accelerators of the various stages can be conveniently connected together.
  • a flange 25 may be provided at the lower portion of the nozzle 21, and the flange 25 may be connected to the nozzle 21 by injection molding into an integral structure.
  • the uppermost fluid steering accelerator 11 is connected to the flange 25 through the second connecting post 24 .
  • the flange 25 can be provided with a snap protrusion, and the second connecting post 24 is provided with a card slot. It is convenient to connect the two together by means of snapping.
  • the inner diameter of the nozzle 21 is tapered from the top to the bottom, so that the jetted water has sufficient water pressure to be sprayed on the fluid steering accelerator body 11 to achieve a better diffusion effect.

Abstract

一种宽幅可变流量配水系统，包括配水槽（27）、均匀分布于配水槽（27）的底部的至少两类喷头（28、29），且各类喷头（28、29）均设有与配水槽（27）的槽底相连接的喷管（21），喷管（21）的上部设有进水口、下部具有出水口，至少两类喷头（28、29）的进水口露出于配水槽（27）的槽底的高度不同。

Description

一种宽幅可变流量配水系统
本申请要求于2015年12月28日提交中国专利局、申请号为201511003733.1、发明名称为“一种宽幅可变流量配水系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及冷却塔技术领域，更具体的涉及一种宽幅可变流量配水系统。
背景技术
冷却塔工作原理是流动的空气从正确的角度吹向喷洒下来的水，当空气通过这些水滴的时候，一部分水就蒸发了，由于用于蒸发水滴的热量降低了水的温度，剩余的水就被冷却了。
常规的冷却塔都有一个配水系统，常规的配水系统需要一个标准水位量来维持稳定运行，在标准水量下水位达到一定高度，每个喷头都有一定的水位高度，这时候的各个喷头的流量差别不大，系统是可以稳定运行的。如果实际流量偏离这个标准流量，如水量变小(多种原因可能会造成水量变小，如最常见的多个塔组运行时水力不平衡、管道气阻、底盆吸空等)，从配水管流到配水盆的水不足以形成稳定的水位高度，配水系统从近出水口处到远出水口处有较大的水位差。由于水位的高低变化，喷头出水会明显的水量变化。就会出现配水不均匀的情况。
因此，如何解决现有技术中当实时水量为非标准水量时，配水系统会出现配水不均的问题，成为本领域技术人员所要解决的重要技术问题。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种宽幅可变流量配水系统，其能够避免当实时水压为非标准水压时，造成的喷水不均匀的问题。
本发明提供的一种宽幅可变流量配水系统，包括配水槽、均匀分布于所述配水槽的底部的至少两类喷头，且各类所述喷头均设有与所述配水槽的槽底相 连接的喷管，所述喷管的上部设有进水口、下部具有出水口，至少两类所述喷头的进水口露出于所述配水槽的槽底的高度不同。
优选地，所述喷管的上部设有的进水口大于其下部设有的出水口。
优选地，所述喷头中至少包括第一低压高扩散变流量喷头和第二低压高扩散变流量喷头，所述第一低压高扩散变流量喷头和所述第二低压高扩散变流量喷头均包括：
设置于所述喷管的内部侧壁的螺旋导水槽，流入所述喷管内的水沿所述螺旋导水槽呈螺旋方向向下流动；
连接于所述喷管下部的流体转向加速器和设置于所述流体转向加速器上的张力消除器，所述流体转向加速器的迎水面的中心部位高于边缘部位，且所述迎水面的中心部位通过弧形面向所述边缘部位过渡，以使竖直方向流下的水流通过所述弧形面逐渐向水平方向转换；所述张力消除器凸起于所述迎水面上，所述张力消除器的第一端靠近于所述中心部位、第二端靠近于所述边缘部位，所述张力消除器沿由上至下的方向厚度逐渐增加，且沿所述迎水面的中心部位至边缘部位厚度逐渐增加。
优选地，所述第一喷头的进水口高于所述配水槽的槽底10mm以上，所述第二喷头的进水口与所述槽底相平齐。
优选地，多个所述第一喷头和第二喷头均匀分布在所述槽底上。
优选地，所述张力消除器为多个，且以所述中心部位为圆心沿圆周方向分布于所述迎水面上。
优选地，任意一个所述张力消除器为具有第一顶点、第二顶点、第三顶点及第四顶点的三角锥形，任意两个顶点的连线为所述三角锥形的棱边；所述第一顶点、所述第二顶点及所述第三顶点设置于所述迎水面上，且所述第一顶点靠近于所述中心部位，所述第二顶点和所述第三顶点靠近于所述边缘部位，所述第四顶点凸起于所述迎水面。
优选地，所述第四顶点沿竖直方向的投影位于所述迎水面之外。
优选地，所述第一顶点分别与所述第二顶点和所述第三顶点的连线长度相等；所述第四顶点位于所述第一顶点、第二顶点、第三顶点形成的三角形的对 称面上。
优选地，所述第四顶点与所述第一顶点的连线与所述过水孔相切。
优选地，所述第四顶点与所述第一顶点的连线与所述过水孔的中心线相交。
优选地，所述流体转向加速器的中心部设有沿上下方向将其贯穿的过水孔。
优选地，所述过水孔为沿由上至下方向孔径逐渐增加的锥孔。
优选地，所述流体转向加速器包括至少两级，各级所述流体转向加速器沿竖直方向分布，且各级所述流体转向加速器均设有所述张力消除器。
优选地，所述流体转向加速器为多级，各级所述流体转向加速器均设有所述张力消除器，多级所述流体转向加速器沿竖直方向依次连接。
优选地，相邻的两级所述流体转向加速器之间通过第一连接柱相连接。
优选地，所述喷管的下部设有法兰盘，最上级的所述流体转向加速器通过第二连接柱与所述法兰盘相连接。
优选地，所述法兰盘和所述第二连接柱通过卡扣和卡槽卡接在一起。
如此设置，本发明提供的技术方案中，在配水槽的槽底均匀分布有至少两类喷头，至少两类所述喷头的进水口露出于所述配水槽的槽底的高度不同，为了方便描述，下面内容将以第一喷头和第二喷头进行描述，其中，第二喷头的进水口低于第一喷头的进水口的高度。当流量小于标准流量的情况下，只有第二喷头工作，当流量大于标准流量的时候，第一喷头也同时工作，所以不论系统是否达到标准的工况，就算只有标准工况10％的流量，系统填料上都能得到均匀的配水，能使冷却塔在各种工况下都能工作在最佳的状态。
另外，本发明的优选方案中，喷管的内侧壁设有沿进喷管的上端至下端方向螺旋下降的螺旋导水槽，进入喷管的水沿螺旋导水槽进行螺旋流动，产生涡旋效果，增加水流的离心力，以保证水流散开的面积。
水从喷管内流出之后落在流体转向加速器的迎水面上，由于迎水面为由上至下方向逐渐扩大的锥形面，进而可以使竖直方向流下的水流通过锥形面逐渐向水平方向转换，进一步保证了水的扩散面积；
同时，水在转向的过程中会与张力消除器相切，由于张力消除器沿由上至 下的方向厚度逐渐增加，且沿迎水面的中心部位至边缘部位厚度逐渐增加，因此，水流在迎水面上流动时，能够逐渐被张力消除器分开，且水流遇到的阻力较小，张力消除器将水流分开，从而避免了因水流的张力集中而偏向于同一个方向，因此，本发明提供的喷头能够在任意工况条件下，使水流喷的更远更均匀。
附图说明
图1为本发明具体实施方式中流体转向加速器和张力消除器局部剖视图；
图2为本发明具体实施方式中流体转向加速器和张力消除器的俯视图；
图3为本发明具体实施方式中具有三级流体转向加速器的喷头示意图；
图4为本发明具体实施方式中具有三级流体转向加速器的喷头的局部剖视图；
图5为本发明具体实施方式中具有两级流体转向加速器的喷头示意图；
图6为本发明具体实施方式中宽幅可变流量配水系统的主视示意图；
图7为本发明具体实施方式中宽幅可变流量配水系统的俯视示意图；
图1-图7中：
流体转向加速器—11、张力消除器—12、迎水面—13、中心部位—14、边缘部位—15、过水孔—16、第一顶点—17、第二顶点—18、第三顶点—19、第四顶点—20、喷管—21、螺旋导水槽—22、第一连接柱—23、第二连接柱—24、法兰盘—25、配水槽—27、第一喷头—28、第二喷头—29。
具体实施方式
本具体实施方式提供了一种宽幅可变流量配水系统，其能够避免当实时水压为非标准水压时，造成的喷水不均匀的问题。
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参考图1-图7，本具体实施方式提供的一种宽幅可变流量配水系统，包括配水槽27、分布于配水槽27的底部的多个第一喷头和第二喷头，当然，还 可包括第三喷头和第四喷头等，为了描述方便，下文将以第一喷头和第二喷头为例进行说明。
优选地，多个不同高度的喷头按照一定的规则布置在配水槽上，实现配水系统目标区域水量控制增加或减少，达到冬季化冰的功能。
其中，第一喷头28和所述第二喷头29均包括喷管21、连接于喷管下方的流体转向加速器11和设置于流体转向加速器11上的张力消除器12。
本具体实施方式中，第一喷头28的喷管的进水口高于第二喷头29的喷管21的进水口，且第一喷头28的进水口大于第二喷头29的进水口，即第一喷头28的流量大于第二喷头29的流量。需要说明的是，本具体实施方式中，也可采用其它类型的普通喷头，只需能够保证第一喷头的喷管的进水口高于第二喷头的喷管的进水口，且喷头的进水口大于第二喷头的进水口即可。
在喷管21的上部设有进水口、底部设有出水口，喷管21的内部侧壁设有螺旋导水槽22，流入喷管内的水沿螺旋导水槽22旋呈螺旋方向向下流动。
流体转向加速器11的迎水面13的中心部位14高于边缘部位15，而且迎水面13的中心部位14通过弧形面向边缘部位15过渡，以使竖直方向流下的水流通过弧形面逐渐向水平方向转换。
需要说明的是，上述迎水面13为能够将水流方向由竖直方向逐渐向水平方向转换的弧形面，具体地该弧形面可如下设置：在流体转向加速器11的任意一个纵切面中，迎水面13的中心部位14沿弧形线向边缘部位15过渡，且弧形线两端点之间连线的中点高于弧形线的中点，如此结构的迎水面13能够逐渐将水流方向由竖直方向向水平方向转换。当然，该弧形面也可以为类似圆锥体的外周弧面的结构。
张力消除器12凸起于迎水面13上，张力消除器12的第一端靠近于中心部位14、第二端靠近于边缘部位15，张力消除器12沿由上至下的方向厚度逐渐增加，且沿迎水面13的中心部位14至边缘部位15厚度逐渐增加，水流由上至下方向流动，同时由中心部位14向边缘部位15流动，张力消除器12能够逐渐地将水流分成两部分，且水流遇到的阻力较小，降低了分流能耗。
另外，本具体实施方式中流体转向加速器11的中心部可以设有沿上下方向将其贯穿的过水孔16。需要说明的是，流体转向加速器11中心的过水孔16 可以根据应用的需求增加直径或减小直径甚至取消。在流体转向加速器11上设有过水孔16，可避免水喷出后形成空心圆。而且本实施方式中可以将流体转向加速器11设置为上下分布的两级，且各级流体转向加速器11上均设有张力消除器。当然，流体转向加速器11的级数也可为一级、三级、四级等，具体可根据实际情况具体设定，本文不再具体说明。
如此设置，本具体实施方式提供的技术方案中，采用进水口大小不同，即流量不同的喷头配合，当流量小于标准流量的情况下，只有进水口较小的第二喷头29工作，当流量大于标准流量的时候，进水口较大的第一喷头28也同时工作，所以不论系统是否达到标准的工况，就算只有标准工况10％的流量，系统填料上都能得到均匀的配水，能使冷却塔在各种工况下都能工作在最佳的状态。
配水槽27内的水通过第一喷头28和/或第二喷头29的喷管21的进水口进入喷管21内，由于喷管21的内侧壁设有沿进喷管的上端至下端方向螺旋下降的螺旋导水槽22，进入喷管21的水沿螺旋导水槽22进行螺旋流动，产生涡旋效果，增加水流的离心力，以保证水流散开的面积。
水从喷管21内流出之后落在流体转向加速器的迎水面13上时，由于迎水面13的中心部位14高于四周的边缘部位15，水流首先与中心部位14相接触，并沿着迎水面13向迎水面13的边缘部位15流动，由于迎水面13为能够将水流方向由竖直方向逐渐向水平方向转换的弧形面，如此，能够使水流能够沿弧形面由竖直流动方向逐渐向水平流动方向转换，使水喷的更远。同时，水在转向的过程中会与张力消除器12相切，由于张力消除器12沿由上至下的方向厚度逐渐增加，且沿迎水面13的中心部位14至边缘部位15厚度逐渐增加，因此，水流在迎水面13上流动时，能够逐渐被张力消除器12分开，且水流遇到的阻力较小，张力消除器12将水流分开，从而避免了水流集中流向于一个方向，因此，本发明提供的第一喷头和第二喷头能够在任意工况条件下，使水流喷的更远更均匀。
需要说明的是，第一喷头的进水口和第二喷头的进水口的高度可以根据实际情况具体设定，比如，第一喷头的进水口可以高于配水槽的槽底10mm以上，第二喷头的进水口可以与槽底相平齐。
另外，在本具体实施方式的优选方案中，多个第一喷头28和第二喷头29均匀分布在槽底上，比如，多个第一喷头和第二喷头可呈梅花状分布于配水槽的底部，而且分别各为一组互不干涉，具体可以根据用户的具体需要调整数量和集中程度。或者，多个第一喷头28可以呈矩阵型分布，多个第二喷头29也呈矩阵型分布，这样能够使喷出的水的分布具有更好的均匀性。另外，在高寒地区使用时可以集中设置大口径低进水管的喷头作为化冰管使用。
进一步地，将上述张力消除器12设置为多个，且以中心部位14为圆心沿圆周方向分布于迎水面13上。
如此设置，能够将迎水面13上的水流分隔成多段水流，切断了各段水流之间的连接，能够使水流分布的更均匀。
本实施例的优选方案中，上述张力消除器12具体为三角锥形，即其具有第一顶点17、第二顶点18、第三顶点19及第四顶点20，而且任意两个顶点的连线为三角锥形的棱边。
具体地，第一顶点17、第二顶点18及第三顶点19设置于迎水面13上，且第一顶点17靠近于中心部位14，第二顶点18和第三顶点19靠近于边缘部位15，第四顶点20凸起于迎水面13。
如此设置，三角锥形的张力消除器12能够在对水流造成更小的阻力的情况下，完成水流的明显分隔。
进一步地，第四顶点20沿竖直方向的投影位于迎水面13之外，即第四顶点20沿竖直方向的投影在边缘部位15围成的平面之外，即第四顶点凸出于迎水面所在的圆柱体之外。如此设置，能够防止被分隔开的水流在张力作用下重新汇合，进而进一步提高了分流效果。
为了能够均匀地分流，上述第一顶点17分别与第二顶点18和第三顶点19的连线长度相等，即第一顶点17、第二顶点18和第三顶点19所在三角形为等腰三角形；第四顶点20位于该等腰三角形的对称面上，如此设置，第一顶点17和第四顶点20形成的棱边处于张力消除器12的对称面上，因此，该棱边能够将水流等分成两段。
需要说明的是，本具体实施方式中，第四顶点20与第一顶点17的连线与 过水孔16相切或者与过水孔16的中心线相交。该种分布形式，使张力消除器12的延伸方向与水流的流动方向基本一致，能够进一步降低张力消除器12对水流造成的阻力。
本具体实施方式中当流体转向加速器为多级时，为了方便连接，相邻的两级流体转向加速器之间可以通过第一连接柱23相连接，所有的流体转向加速器和第一连接柱23均通过注塑连接为一体式结构。如此，可方便地将各级流体转向加速器连接在一起。
为了方便地将喷管21与其下方的流体转向加速器11连接在一起，在喷管21的下部可以设有法兰盘25，该法兰盘25可通过注塑方式与喷管21连接成一体式结构。最上级的流体转向加速器11通过第二连接柱24与法兰盘25相连接，具体地，可以在法兰盘25上设有卡接凸起，在第二连接柱24上设有卡槽，通过卡接的方式，方便地将二者连接在一起。
本具体实施方式的优选方案中，喷管21的内径沿由上至下方向渐缩，如此设置，喷出的水流具有足够的水压喷射在流体转向加速器本体11上，实现较好的扩散效果。
以上对本发明所提供的一种宽幅可变流量配水系统进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以对本发明进行若干改进和修饰，这些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要求的保护范围内。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种宽幅可变流量配水系统，其特征在于，包括配水槽、均匀分布于所述配水槽的底部的至少两类喷头，且各类所述喷头均设有与所述配水槽的槽底相连接的喷管，所述喷管的上部设有进水口、下部具有出水口，至少两类所述喷头的进水口露出于所述配水槽的槽底的高度不同。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的宽幅可变流量配水系统，其特征在于，所述喷管的上部设有的进水口大于其下部设有的出水口。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的宽幅可变流量配水系统，其特征在于，所述喷头中至少包括第一低压高扩散变流量喷头和第二低压高扩散变流量喷头，所述第一低压高扩散变流量喷头和所述第二低压高扩散变流量喷头均包括：
    设置于所述喷管的内部侧壁的螺旋导水槽，流入所述喷管内的水沿所述螺旋导水槽呈螺旋方向向下流动；
    连接于所述喷管下部的流体转向加速器和设置于所述流体转向加速器上的张力消除器，所述流体转向加速器的迎水面的中心部位高于边缘部位，且所述迎水面的中心部位通过弧形面向所述边缘部位过渡，以使竖直方向流下的水流通过所述弧形面逐渐向水平方向转换；所述张力消除器凸起于所述迎水面上，所述张力消除器的第一端靠近于所述中心部位、第二端靠近于所述边缘部位，所述张力消除器沿由上至下的方向厚度逐渐增加，且沿所述迎水面的中心部位至边缘部位厚度逐渐增加。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的宽幅可变流量配水系统，其特征在于，所述第一低压高扩散变流量喷头的进水口高于所述配水槽的槽底10mm以上，所述第二低压高扩散变流量喷头的进水口与所述槽底相平齐。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的宽幅可变流量配水系统，其特征在于，多个所述第一低压高扩散变流量喷头和第二低压高扩散变流量喷头梅花状均匀分布在所述槽底上。
  6. 如权利要求3所述的可变幅变流量配水系统，其特征在于，各个所述流体转向加速器上的所述张力消除器为多个，且以所述中心部位为圆心沿圆周方向分布于所述迎水面上。
  7. 如权利要求3或6所述的可变幅变流量配水系统，其特征在于，任意 一个所述张力消除器为具有第一顶点、第二顶点、第三顶点及第四顶点的三角锥形，任意两个顶点的连线为所述三角锥形的棱边；所述第一顶点、所述第二顶点及所述第三顶点设置于所述迎水面上，且所述第一顶点靠近于所述中心部位，所述第二顶点和所述第三顶点靠近于所述边缘部位，所述第四顶点凸起于所述迎水面。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的可变幅变流量配水系统，其特征在于，所述第四顶点沿竖直方向的投影位于所述迎水面之外。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的可变幅变流量配水系统，其特征在于，所述第一顶点分别与所述第二顶点和所述第三顶点的连线长度相等；所述第四顶点位于所述第一顶点、第二顶点、第三顶点形成的三角形的对称面上。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的可变幅变流量配水系统，其特征在于，所述第四顶点与所述第一顶点的连线与所述过水孔相切。
  11. 如权利要求9所述的可变幅变流量配水系统，其特征在于，所述第四顶点与所述第一顶点的连线与所述过水孔的中心线相交。
  12. 如权利要求3所述的可变幅变流量配水系统，其特征在于，所述流体转向加速器的中心部设有沿上下方向将其贯穿的过水孔。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的可变幅变流量配水系统，其特征在于，所述过水孔为沿由上至下方向孔径逐渐增加的锥孔。
  14. 如权利要求3所述的可变幅变流量配水系统，其特征在于，所述流体转向加速器包括至少两级，各级所述流体转向加速器沿竖直方向分布，且各级所述流体转向加速器均设有所述张力消除器。
  15. 如权利要求3所述的可变幅变流量配水系统，其特征在于，所述流体转向加速器为多级，各级所述流体转向加速器均设有所述张力消除器，多级所述流体转向加速器沿竖直方向依次连接。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的可变幅变流量配水系统，其特征在于，相邻的两级所述流体转向加速器之间通过第一连接柱相连接。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的可变幅变流量配水系统，其特征在于，所述喷管的下部设有法兰盘，最上级的所述流体转向加速器通过第二连接柱与所述法兰盘相连接。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的可变幅变流量配水系统，其特征在于，所述法兰盘和所述第二连接柱通过卡扣和卡槽卡接在一起。
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