WO2017098783A1 - 燃料電池システムの制御方法及び燃料電池システム - Google Patents
燃料電池システムの制御方法及び燃料電池システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017098783A1 WO2017098783A1 PCT/JP2016/078833 JP2016078833W WO2017098783A1 WO 2017098783 A1 WO2017098783 A1 WO 2017098783A1 JP 2016078833 W JP2016078833 W JP 2016078833W WO 2017098783 A1 WO2017098783 A1 WO 2017098783A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- output voltage
- limit value
- upper limit
- wet
- Prior art date
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04925—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/0494—Power, energy, capacity or load of fuel cell stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04303—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during shut-down
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/30—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04492—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04492—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content
- H01M8/04529—Humidity; Ambient humidity; Water content of the electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04544—Voltage
- H01M8/04559—Voltage of fuel cell stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04746—Pressure; Flow
- H01M8/04753—Pressure; Flow of fuel cell reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04828—Humidity; Water content
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04828—Humidity; Water content
- H01M8/0485—Humidity; Water content of the electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04865—Voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04992—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the implementation of mathematical or computational algorithms, e.g. feedback control loops, fuzzy logic, neural networks or artificial intelligence
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04865—Voltage
- H01M8/0488—Voltage of fuel cell stacks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a control method and a fuel cell system for a fuel cell system capable of performing an idle stop operation.
- the operation of the entire fuel cell system is stopped at low loads (including when driving downhill) such as during low-speed driving or during temporary suspension, or when the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell decreases. Without doing so, the following control is performed. That is, in such a state, the operation of auxiliary equipment used to drive a fuel cell system such as a cathode gas compressor directly related to power generation is stopped to stop power generation by the fuel cell, and the fuel cell is idle-stopped. Control is performed such that the motor is driven by power supply only from the secondary battery.
- JP2012-89523A provides an output voltage or a cell voltage of a fuel cell stack by intermittently supplying air (cathode gas) during an idle stop operation (idle stop state) in an anode gas circulation type fuel cell system.
- air cathode gas
- idle stop operation idle stop state
- anode gas circulation type fuel cell system A fuel cell system that pulsates within a predetermined range is disclosed.
- the cathode gas is intermittently supplied to the fuel cell stack during the idle stop operation, but the wet state of the electrolyte membrane in the fuel cell is not accurately grasped and controlled. There was a problem.
- the present invention has been made paying attention to such problems.
- the present invention appropriately controls the wet state in the fuel cell during the idle stop operation, and performs the idle stop operation. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fuel cell system control method and a fuel cell system that can stabilize the output of the fuel cell when returning from the fuel cell.
- a control method of a fuel cell system is an idle that selectively stops power generation of a fuel cell according to a required output of a load and intermittently supplies a cathode gas to the fuel cell when the operation is stopped.
- This is a control method of a fuel cell system capable of executing stop operation.
- the control method of the fuel cell system includes a step of setting an upper limit value and a lower limit value of the output voltage of the fuel cell during idle stop operation, and an output voltage of the fuel cell between the upper limit value and the lower limit value.
- a cathode gas supply step a step of detecting a wet state of the fuel cell during the idle stop operation, a step of setting a proper wet range in which the wet state of the fuel cell during the idle stop operation is appropriate, including.
- the control method of the fuel cell system includes a step of determining whether or not the detected wet state of the fuel cell is within the set appropriate wet range, and the detected wet state of the fuel cell is out of the set proper wet range. If it is determined that the upper limit value of the output voltage of the fuel cell is set again, the method further includes a step of resetting.
- the output voltage of the fuel cell is reset from the reset upper limit value to the lower limit value.
- the cathode gas is intermittently supplied at a value between.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the overall configuration of the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of an impedance measuring apparatus for measuring the internal impedance of the fuel cell stack shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of a controller that controls the fuel cell system according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing IV characteristics of the fuel cell stack shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the output current of the fuel cell stack shown in FIG. 1 and the stack water balance.
- FIG. 6 is a time chart showing the state change of each physical quantity during the idle stop operation process in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the overall configuration of the fuel cell system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of an impedance measuring apparatus for measuring the internal impedance of the fuel cell stack shown in FIG.
- FIG. 3 is
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the idle stop determination process executed by the controller according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an example of an idle stop operation process that is a subroutine of the idle stop determination process of FIG.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing an example of an output voltage upper limit resetting process that is a subroutine of the idle stop operation process of FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of a controller that controls the fuel cell system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing an example of the output voltage upper limit resetting process executed by the controller according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is an example of a time chart showing the state change of each physical quantity during the idle stop operation process in the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is another example of a time chart showing the state change of each physical quantity during the idle stop operation process in the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing an example of the output voltage upper limit resetting process executed by the controller according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a time chart showing a state change of each physical quantity during the idle stop operation process in the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing an example of an idle stop operation process executed by the controller according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a time chart showing a state change of each physical quantity during the idle stop operation process in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing an example of the idle stop operation process executed by the controller according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a flowchart illustrating an example of an output voltage upper limit resetting process that is a subroutine of the idle stop determination process of FIG.
- FIG. 20 is a time chart showing a state change of each physical quantity during the idle stop operation process in the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 21 is a flowchart showing an example of the idle stop operation process executed by the controller according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 22 is a time chart showing the state change of each physical quantity during the idle stop operation process in the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the overall configuration of a fuel cell system 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the fuel cell system 100 of the present embodiment uses this fuel cell (fuel cell stack) as one of the drive sources in an electric vehicle (fuel cell vehicle) including a high-power battery and a drive motor (not shown).
- the fuel cell system 100 supplies an anode gas (hydrogen) and a cathode gas (air) necessary for power generation to the fuel cell stack 1 from the outside, and causes the fuel cell stack 1 to generate power in response to an electric load request. Configure the power system.
- the fuel cell system 100 and its controller 200 according to the present embodiment specialize in control in the supply of the output voltage and cathode gas of the fuel cell stack 1 during idle stop. Therefore, in the following description, the description will be made specifically for the control during idle stop, and the description of the normal control and the known control will be omitted as appropriate.
- the fuel cell system 100 includes a fuel cell stack 1, a cathode gas supply / discharge device 2, an anode gas supply / discharge device 3, a load device 5, an impedance measurement device 6, and a controller 200. Including.
- the fuel cell stack 1 is a laminated battery in which several hundred fuel cells are laminated because a large amount of power is required from the drive motor as the load device 5.
- the fuel cell stack 1 is connected to the load device 5 and supplies power to the load device 5.
- the fuel cell stack 1 generates a DC voltage of, for example, several hundred V (volts).
- the fuel cell stack 1 is configured by sandwiching the electrolyte membrane of each fuel cell between an anode electrode (fuel electrode) and a cathode electrode (oxidant electrode).
- anode electrode fuel electrode
- cathode electrode oxygen electrode
- hydrogen is ionized at the anode electrode to generate hydrogen ions and electrons.
- the cathode electrode hydrogen ions generated at the anode electrode and leaked to the cathode gas flow path side, electrons circulated through the system, and supplied oxygen react to generate water.
- the cathode gas supply / discharge device 2 is a device that supplies cathode gas (oxidant gas) to the fuel cell stack 1 and discharges cathode off-gas discharged from the fuel cell stack 1 to the atmosphere. That is, the cathode gas supply / discharge device 2 constitutes an oxidant supply means for supplying an oxidant (air) to the electrolyte membrane of the fuel cell.
- the cathode gas supply / discharge device 2 includes a cathode gas supply passage 21, a compressor 22, a flow rate sensor 23, a pressure sensor 24, a cathode gas discharge passage 25, and a cathode pressure regulating valve 26. .
- the cathode gas supply passage 21 is a passage for supplying cathode gas to the fuel cell stack 1. One end of the cathode gas supply passage 21 is open, and the other end is connected to the cathode gas inlet hole of the fuel cell stack 1.
- the compressor 22 is provided in the cathode gas supply passage 21.
- the compressor 22 takes in oxygen-containing air from the open end of the cathode gas supply passage 21 and supplies the air to the fuel cell stack 1 as cathode gas.
- the rotation speed of the compressor 22 is controlled by the controller 200.
- the flow sensor 23 is provided in the cathode gas supply passage 21 between the compressor 22 and the fuel cell stack 1.
- the flow sensor 23 detects the flow rate of the cathode gas supplied to the fuel cell stack 1.
- the flow rate of the cathode gas supplied to the fuel cell stack 1 is also simply referred to as “cathode gas flow rate”.
- the cathode gas flow rate data detected by the flow rate sensor 23 is output to the controller 200.
- the pressure sensor 24 is provided in the cathode gas supply passage 21 between the compressor 22 and the fuel cell stack 1.
- the pressure sensor 24 detects the pressure of the cathode gas supplied to the fuel cell stack 1.
- Cathode gas pressure data detected by the pressure sensor 24 is output to the controller 200.
- the cathode gas discharge passage 25 is a passage for discharging the cathode off gas from the fuel cell stack 1.
- One end of the cathode gas discharge passage 25 is connected to the cathode gas outlet hole of the fuel cell stack 1, and the other end is opened.
- the cathode pressure regulating valve 26 is provided in the cathode gas discharge passage 25.
- the cathode pressure regulating valve 26 for example, an electromagnetic valve capable of changing the opening degree of the valve stepwise is used.
- the opening and closing of the cathode pressure regulating valve 26 is controlled by the controller 200.
- the cathode gas pressure is adjusted to a desired pressure by this open / close control.
- the degree of opening of the cathode pressure regulating valve 26 increases, the cathode pressure regulating valve 26 opens and the amount of cathode off-gas discharged increases.
- the opening degree of the cathode pressure regulating valve 26 becomes smaller, the cathode pressure regulating valve 26 is closed and the discharge amount of the cathode off gas decreases.
- the anode gas supply / discharge device 3 is a device for supplying anode gas (fuel gas) to the fuel cell stack 1 and circulating the anode off-gas discharged from the fuel cell stack 1 to the fuel cell stack 1. That is, the anode gas supply / discharge device 3 constitutes fuel supply means for supplying fuel (hydrogen) to the electrolyte membrane of the fuel cell.
- the anode gas supply / discharge device 3 includes a high pressure tank 31, an anode gas supply passage 32, an anode pressure regulating valve 33, an ejector 34, an anode gas circulation passage 35, an anode circulation pump 36, A pressure sensor 37 and a purge valve 38 are included.
- the high pressure tank 31 stores the anode gas supplied to the fuel cell stack 1 in a high pressure state.
- the anode gas supply passage 32 is a passage for supplying the anode gas stored in the high-pressure tank 31 to the fuel cell stack 1.
- One end of the anode gas supply passage 32 is connected to the high-pressure tank 31, and the other end is connected to the anode gas inlet hole of the fuel cell stack 1.
- the anode pressure regulating valve 33 is provided in the anode gas supply passage 32 between the high pressure tank 31 and the ejector 34.
- As the anode pressure regulating valve 33 for example, an electromagnetic valve capable of changing the opening degree of the valve in stages is used.
- the opening and closing of the anode pressure regulating valve 33 is controlled by the controller 200. By this opening / closing control, the pressure of the anode gas supplied to the fuel cell stack 1 is adjusted.
- the ejector 34 is provided in the anode gas supply passage 32 between the anode pressure regulating valve 33 and the fuel cell stack 1.
- the ejector 34 is a mechanical pump provided at a portion where the anode gas circulation passage 35 joins the anode gas supply passage 32.
- the ejector 34 sucks the anode off gas from the fuel cell stack 1 by accelerating the flow rate of the anode gas supplied from the anode pressure regulating valve 33 to generate a negative pressure.
- the ejector 34 discharges the sucked anode off gas to the fuel cell stack 1 together with the anode gas supplied from the anode pressure regulating valve 33.
- the ejector 34 includes, for example, a conical nozzle whose opening is narrowed from the anode pressure regulating valve 33 toward the fuel cell stack 1 and a suction port for sucking the anode off gas from the fuel cell stack 1. And a diffuser.
- the ejector 34 is used at the junction between the anode gas supply passage 32 and the anode gas circulation passage 35, but this junction simply joins the anode gas circulation passage 35 to the anode gas supply passage 32.
- the structure to be made may be sufficient.
- the anode gas circulation passage 35 mixes the anode off gas discharged from the fuel cell stack 1 and the anode gas supplied from the high-pressure tank 31 via the anode pressure regulating valve 33 to the fuel cell stack 1, thereby providing an anode gas supply passage.
- This is a passage that circulates to 32.
- One end of the anode gas circulation passage 35 is connected to the anode gas outlet hole of the fuel cell stack 1, and the other end is connected to the suction port of the ejector 34.
- the anode circulation pump 36 is provided in the anode gas circulation passage 35.
- the anode circulation pump 36 circulates the anode off gas through the fuel cell stack 1 via the ejector 34.
- the rotation speed of the anode circulation pump 36 is controlled by the controller 200. Thereby, the flow rate of the anode gas (and anode off gas) circulating through the fuel cell stack 1 is adjusted.
- the flow rate of the anode gas circulating through the fuel cell stack 1 is referred to as “anode gas circulation flow rate”.
- the controller 200 determines the number of rotations per unit time of the anode circulation pump 36 and the temperature in the fuel cell stack 1 described later (or the ambient temperature of the anode gas supply / discharge device 3 detected by a temperature sensor (not shown)). Then, based on the pressure of the anode gas in the anode gas circulation passage 35 detected by the pressure sensor 37 described later, the anode gas circulation flow rate is estimated (calculated) as the standard state flow rate.
- the pressure sensor 37 is provided in the anode gas supply passage 32 between the ejector 34 and the fuel cell stack 1.
- the pressure sensor 37 detects the pressure of the anode gas in the anode gas circulation system.
- the anode gas pressure data detected by the pressure sensor 37 is output to the controller 200.
- the purge valve 38 is provided in the anode gas discharge passage branched from the anode gas circulation passage 35.
- the purge valve 38 discharges impurities contained in the anode off gas to the outside. Impurities are the nitrogen gas in the cathode gas that has permeated the electrolyte membrane from the cathode gas flow path (not shown) of the fuel cell in the fuel cell stack 1 and the electrochemical reaction between the anode gas and the cathode gas accompanying power generation. It is generated water (product water).
- the opening degree and opening / closing frequency of the purge valve 38 are controlled by the controller 200.
- the anode gas discharge passage merges with the cathode gas discharge passage 25 on the downstream side of the cathode pressure regulating valve 26.
- the anode off gas discharged from the purge valve 38 is mixed with the cathode off gas in the cathode gas discharge passage 25.
- the hydrogen concentration in the mixed gas can be controlled to the discharge allowable concentration (4%) or less.
- the load device 5 is driven by receiving the generated power supplied from the fuel cell stack 1.
- the load device 5 includes, for example, a drive motor (electric motor) that drives the vehicle, a part of auxiliary equipment that assists power generation of the fuel cell stack 1, a control unit that controls the drive motor, and the like.
- Examples of the auxiliary equipment of the fuel cell stack 1 include the compressor 22, the anode circulation pump 36, a cooling water pump (not shown), and the like.
- the cooling water pump is a pump for circulating cooling water for cooling the fuel cell stack 1.
- the load device 5 includes, on the output side of the fuel cell stack 1, a DC / DC converter that steps up and down the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1, and direct current power is exchanged between the DC / DC converter and the drive motor.
- a drive inverter that converts power may also be included.
- a high voltage battery may be provided so as to be electrically in parallel with the fuel cell stack 1 with respect to the drive motor.
- the load device 5 may be configured to connect a part of the auxiliary machine to a power line between the DC / DC converter and the high voltage battery.
- a control unit (not shown) that controls the load device 5 outputs the required power required for the fuel cell stack 1 to the controller 200. For example, the required power of the load device 5 increases as the amount of depression of an accelerator pedal provided in the vehicle increases.
- a current sensor 51 and a voltage sensor 52 are arranged on the power line between the load device 5 and the fuel cell stack 1.
- the current sensor 51 is connected to a power line between the positive terminal 1p of the fuel cell stack 1 and the load device 5.
- the current sensor 51 detects the current output from the fuel cell stack 1 to the load device 5 as the output current of the fuel cell stack 1.
- the stack output current data detected by the current sensor 51 is output to the controller 200.
- the voltage sensor 52 is connected between the positive terminal 1p and the negative terminal 1n of the fuel cell stack 1.
- the voltage sensor 52 detects an inter-terminal voltage that is a potential difference between the positive terminal 1p and the negative terminal 1n of the fuel cell stack 1.
- the voltage between the terminals of the fuel cell stack 1 is referred to as “stack output voltage” or simply “output voltage”.
- the stack output voltage data detected by the voltage sensor 52 is output to the controller 200.
- the impedance measuring device 6 is a device that measures the internal impedance of the fuel cell stack 1.
- the internal impedance of the fuel cell stack 1 has a correlation with the wet state of the electrolyte membrane. Therefore, by measuring the internal impedance of the fuel cell stack 1, the wet state (wetness) of the electrolyte membrane can be detected (estimated) based on the measurement result.
- the internal impedance of the fuel cell stack 1 is used as a parameter indicating the wet state of the electrolyte membrane.
- FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the impedance measuring device 6 for measuring the internal impedance of the fuel cell stack 1 shown in FIG.
- a connection indicated by a solid line indicates an electrical connection
- a connection indicated by a broken line indicates an electrical signal connection.
- the impedance measuring device 6 is connected to a terminal 1B extending from a positive electrode terminal (cathode electrode side terminal) 1p, a terminal 1A extending from a negative electrode terminal (anode electrode side terminal) 1n, and an intermediate terminal 1C. Yes.
- the part connected to the midway terminal 1C is grounded as shown in the figure.
- the impedance measuring device 6 includes a positive voltage sensor 62, a negative voltage sensor 63, a positive power supply 64, a negative power supply 65, an AC adjustment unit 66, and an impedance calculation unit. 61.
- the positive side voltage sensor 62 is connected to the terminal 1B and the halfway terminal 1C, measures the positive side AC potential difference V1 of the terminal 1B with respect to the halfway terminal 1C at a predetermined frequency, and measures the measurement on the AC adjustment unit 66 and the impedance calculation unit 61. Output the result.
- the negative side voltage sensor 63 is connected to the halfway terminal 1C and the terminal 1A, measures the negative side AC potential difference V2 of the terminal 1A with respect to the halfway terminal 1C at a predetermined frequency, and measures the measurement in the AC adjustment unit 66 and the impedance calculation unit 61. Output the result.
- the positive power supply unit 64 is realized by, for example, a voltage-current conversion circuit using an operational amplifier (not shown), and is controlled by the AC adjustment unit 66 so that an alternating current I1 having a predetermined frequency flows through a closed circuit including the terminal 1B and the intermediate terminal 1C. Is done.
- the negative power supply unit 65 is realized by a voltage-current conversion circuit using an operational amplifier (OP amplifier), for example, and an AC adjustment is performed so that an AC current I2 having a predetermined frequency flows through a closed circuit including the terminal 1A and the intermediate terminal 1C. Controlled by the unit 66.
- the “predetermined frequency” is a frequency suitable for detecting (measuring) the impedance of the electrolyte membrane.
- this predetermined frequency is referred to as “electrolyte membrane response frequency”.
- the AC adjustment unit 66 is realized by, for example, a PI control circuit (not shown), and command signals to the positive power supply unit 64 and the negative power supply unit 65 so that the AC currents I1 and I2 as described above flow in the respective closed circuits. Is generated.
- the outputs of the positive power supply unit 64 and the negative power supply unit 65 are increased / decreased according to the command signal generated in this manner, so that the AC potential differences V1 and V2 between the terminals are both set to a predetermined level (predetermined value). Be controlled. As a result, the AC potential differences V1 and V2 are equipotential.
- the impedance calculation unit 61 includes hardware such as an AD converter and a microcomputer chip (not shown) and a software configuration such as a program for calculating impedance.
- the impedance calculation unit 61 converts the AC voltage (V1, V2) and the AC current (I1, I2) input from each unit 62, 63, 64, 65 into a digital numerical signal using an AD converter, and measures impedance. Process.
- the impedance calculation unit 61 calculates the first impedance Z1 from the midway terminal 1C to the terminal 1B by dividing the amplitude of the positive-side AC potential difference V1 by the amplitude of the AC current I1.
- the impedance calculation unit 61 calculates the second impedance Z2 from the midway terminal 1C to the terminal 1A by dividing the amplitude of the negative-side AC potential difference V2 by the amplitude of the AC current I2.
- the impedance calculation unit 61 calculates the internal impedance Z of the fuel cell stack 1 by adding the first impedance Z1 and the second impedance Z2.
- the controller 200 when measuring the internal impedance of the fuel cell stack 1, the controller 200 first outputs the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 to the DC / DC converter. Can be boosted. Thereby, the impedance when the fuel cell stack 1 side is viewed from the drive inverter is increased, and there is an effect that the impedance measurement is not adversely affected even if there is a load variation.
- FIG. 2 shows that the terminals 1B and 1A are directly connected to the output terminals of the fuel cell stack 1 for convenience of illustration.
- the terminal 1B and the terminal 1A are not limited to such connection, and the positive terminal of the fuel cell on the most positive side of the plurality of fuel cells stacked in the fuel cell stack 1 is used. And the negative electrode terminal of the fuel cell on the most negative electrode side.
- the impedance calculation unit 61 is configured to calculate the internal impedance of the fuel cell stack 1 by executing a program stored in advance in a memory (not shown) by hardware such as a microcomputer chip.
- the impedance calculation unit 61 is not limited to such a configuration.
- the impedance calculation unit 61 may be realized by an analog calculation circuit using an analog calculation IC. By using an analog arithmetic circuit, it is possible to output a temporally continuous impedance change.
- the impedance measuring device 6 uses an AC signal composed of a sine wave signal as an AC current and an AC voltage.
- these AC signals are not limited to sine wave signals, but may be rectangular wave signals, triangular wave signals, sawtooth wave signals, or the like.
- HFR High Frequency Resistance
- the controller 200 includes a central processing unit (CPU), a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), and an input / output interface (I / O interface) (not shown). Consists of.
- the controller 200 receives the output signals of the flow sensor 23, the pressure sensor 24, the pressure sensor 37, the current sensor 51, the voltage sensor 52, and the impedance measuring device 6 and the required power of the load device 5. These signals are used as parameters relating to the operating state of the fuel cell system 100.
- the controller 200 controls the flow rate and pressure of the cathode gas supplied to the fuel cell stack 1 by controlling the compressor 22 and the cathode pressure regulating valve 26 according to the operating state of the fuel cell system 100. Further, the controller 200 controls the flow rate and pressure of the anode gas supplied to the fuel cell stack 1 by controlling the anode pressure regulating valve 33 and the anode circulation pump 36.
- the fuel cell system 100 includes a stack cooling device for cooling the fuel cell stack 1.
- the controller 200 controls the temperature of each fuel cell in the fuel cell stack 1 (cooling water) by controlling the cooling water pump, the three-way valve, the radiator fan, and the like in the stack cooling device according to the operating state of the fuel cell system 100. Temperature or stack temperature) and the temperature of the cathode gas supplied to the fuel cell stack 1 are controlled.
- the controller 200 calculates the target flow rate and target pressure of the cathode gas, the target flow rate and target pressure of the anode gas, and the target temperature of cooling water (target cooling water temperature) based on the required power of the load device 5. To do.
- the controller 200 controls the rotation speed of the compressor 22 and the opening of the cathode pressure regulating valve 26 based on the target flow rate and target pressure of the cathode gas.
- the controller 200 controls the rotational speed of the anode circulation pump 36 and the opening of the anode pressure regulating valve 33 based on the target flow rate and the target pressure of the anode gas.
- the controller 200 operates the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 so that the wet degree of the fuel cell stack 1 is suitable for power generation within a range in which the required power of the load device 5 can be secured.
- the controller 200 mainly controls the cathode gas flow rate in order to control the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 during the idle stop operation. Specific idle stop operation control will be described later.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of the controller 200 that controls the fuel cell system 100 according to the present embodiment. Note that the functional block diagram of the controller 200 shown in FIG. 3 mainly shows the functions according to the present invention, and some of the functions related to normal operation control and other controls of the fuel cell system 100 are omitted. is there.
- the controller 200 of the present embodiment includes a wet state detection unit 210, an operation state detection unit 220, an output voltage upper and lower limit value setting unit 230, an appropriate wet range setting unit 240, and an output voltage determination.
- Unit 250 proper wetness range determination unit 260, output voltage upper limit resetting unit 270, and cathode gas supply control unit 280.
- the wet state detection unit 210 detects the wet state of the electrolyte membrane of the fuel cell in the fuel cell stack 1. In particular, the wet state detection unit 210 detects the wet state of the electrolyte membrane during the idle stop operation of the fuel cell system 100. Specifically, the wet state detection unit 210 acquires the HFR of the fuel cell stack 1 measured by the impedance measurement device 6. The wet state detection unit 210 detects the wetness of the electrolyte membrane with reference to an impedance-wetness map stored in advance in a memory (not shown). The detected wetness data is output to the appropriate wetness range determination unit 260.
- the HFR output from the impedance measurement device 6 is referred to as “measurement HFR”.
- the degree of wetness of the electrolyte membrane detected by the wet state detection unit 210 is also referred to as “detected wet state”.
- the wet state detection unit 210 detects and calculates the wet state of the electrolyte membrane of the fuel cell in the fuel cell stack 1 based on the HFR of the fuel cell stack 1 measured by the impedance measuring device 6. explained. However, the wet state detection unit 210 may output the acquired HFR as it is to the subsequent stage, and each unit in the subsequent stage may perform control using the HFR. In this embodiment, since the HFR is measured by the impedance measuring device 6 that does not contribute to the operation of the fuel cell system 100, the fuel cell stack 1 can be used even during the idling stop operation of the fuel cell system 100 as necessary. HFR can be measured continuously or constantly.
- the operating state detection unit 220 acquires the stack output current data and the stack output voltage data of the fuel cell stack 1 detected by the current sensor 51 and the voltage sensor 52, and multiplies the stack output current and the stack output voltage to thereby obtain the fuel cell.
- the output power of stack 1 is detected.
- the operation state detection unit 220 outputs the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 detected by the voltage sensor 52 to the output voltage determination unit 250.
- the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 acquired by the operating state detection unit 220 is also referred to as “detected output voltage”.
- the operation state detection unit 220 acquires the cathode gas flow rate data detected by the flow sensor 23 and the cathode gas pressure data detected by the pressure sensor 24, and detects the operation state of the cathode gas supply / discharge device 2. Similarly, the operation state detector 220 detects the operation state of the anode gas supply / discharge device 3 by acquiring the anode gas pressure data detected by the pressure sensor 37 and estimating the anode gas circulation flow rate.
- the operation state detection unit 220 also acquires various command value data calculated by various calculation units (not shown) in the controller 200.
- the various instruction data includes at least the rotational speed data of the compressor 22, the opening degree data of the cathode pressure regulating valve 26, the opening degree data of the anode pressure regulating valve 33, and the rotational speed data of the anode circulation pump 36.
- the output voltage upper / lower limit setting unit 230 sets the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 during the idle stop operation.
- the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the output voltage set in this way are output to the appropriate wet range setting unit 240 and the output voltage determination unit 250.
- the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 is set in this way by intermittently operating the compressor 22 of the cathode gas supply / discharge device 2 as necessary. The value is controlled between the upper limit value and the lower limit value.
- “Upper limit value” means that even if the cell voltage of each fuel cell constituting the fuel cell stack 1 is increased by supplying the cathode gas to the cathode gas flow path of the fuel cell, the electrolyte membrane of each cell is deteriorated. It is set to the maximum output voltage that does not advance.
- the “lower limit value” indicates that when the fuel cell system 100 returns from the idle stop operation to the normal operation (normal power generation state), a response delay of power generation does not occur due to insufficient oxygen in the cathode gas flow path.
- the output voltage is set such that the minimum input voltage of a drive motor (not shown) can be secured.
- the “upper limit value” and “lower limit value” of the output voltage may be set in advance using a predetermined calculation model or based on experimental results.
- the appropriate wet range setting unit 240 sets an appropriate wet range where the wet state of the electrolyte membrane of the fuel cell (the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1) during the idle stop operation is appropriate.
- the appropriate wet range is set by providing an upper limit value and a lower limit value in a range in which the wet state acquired in advance through experiments, simulations, or the like is appropriate.
- the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the wet state may be set as the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the measurement HFR.
- the wet state shifts to the wet side due to the electrochemical reaction between oxygen and residual hydrogen in the supplied cathode gas, which is higher than the wet state during normal operation. Also get damp. Therefore, the lower limit value of the wet state is set to a wet state (HFR) in which the fuel cell stack 1 does not become excessively wet.
- HFR wet state
- the upper limit value of the wet state is, for example, that there is no response delay in power generation of the fuel cell stack 1 when the fuel cell system 100 is returned from the idle stop operation, and the electrolyte membrane of the fuel cell is not overdried.
- Wet state (HFR) is set.
- the output voltage determination unit 250 outputs the output voltage based on the detected output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 acquired from the operation state detection unit 220 and the upper limit value and lower limit value of the output voltage acquired from the output voltage upper / lower limit value setting unit 230. It is determined whether or not the voltage is within a predetermined range. Specifically, the output voltage determination unit 250 determines whether or not the detected output voltage is equal to or lower than the lower limit value of the output voltage, and determines whether or not the detected output voltage is equal to or higher than the upper limit value of the output voltage. . These determination results are output to the cathode gas supply control unit 280.
- the appropriate wet range determination unit 260 determines whether the wet state (detected wet state) of the fuel cell stack 1 detected by the wet state detection unit 210 is within the proper wet range set by the proper wet range setting unit 240. . In the present embodiment, the appropriate wet range determination unit 260 determines whether or not the detected wet state is equal to or lower than the lower limit value of the proper wet range. The determination result is output to the output voltage upper limit resetting unit 270.
- the output voltage upper limit resetting unit 270 determines that the detected wet state has deviated from the proper wet range by the wet proper range determining unit 260, that is, the detected wet state has become equal to or lower than the lower limit of the proper wet range. If so, the upper limit value of the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 set by the output voltage upper / lower limit value setting unit 230 is reset.
- the fuel cell stack set by the output voltage upper and lower limit value setting unit 230 determines that the detected wet state is equal to or lower than the lower limit value of the appropriate wetness range
- the fuel cell stack set by the output voltage upper and lower limit value setting unit 230 The upper limit value of the output voltage of 1 is reset to a predetermined voltage higher than the upper limit value.
- the “predetermined voltage” is an upper limit value at the time of drying during the idle stop operation.
- the reset upper limit value (hereinafter referred to as “reset upper limit value”) will be described in detail with reference to the graph of FIG.
- the cathode gas supply control unit 280 is a value between the upper limit value and the lower limit value set by the output voltage upper / lower limit setting unit 230 for the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 with respect to the compressor 22 of the cathode gas supply / exhaust device 2. Therefore, the cathode gas is controlled to be intermittently supplied to the fuel cell stack 1.
- the cathode gas supply control unit 280 causes the compressor 22 to intermittently operate based on the determination result of the output voltage determination unit 250. That is, the cathode gas supply control unit 280 outputs an ON command for driving the compressor 22 to the compressor 22 when the output voltage determination unit 250 determines that the detected output voltage is equal to or lower than the lower limit value of the output voltage. . When the output voltage determination unit 250 determines that the detected output voltage is equal to or higher than the upper limit value of the output voltage, the cathode gas supply control unit 280 outputs an OFF signal for stopping the compressor 22 to the compressor 22. .
- the supplied oxygen and residual hydrogen cause an electrochemical reaction as described above.
- the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 that is, each fuel cell constituting the fuel cell stack 1 when the fuel cells are connected in series.
- the total cell voltage gradually increases.
- the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 reaches the upper limit value, the supply of the cathode gas to the fuel cell stack 1 is stopped.
- the electrochemical reaction between supplied oxygen and residual hydrogen continues, the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 overshoots when the output current is not taken out. Therefore, in the present embodiment, surplus generated power is taken out as an output current and stored in a high voltage battery (not shown).
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing IV characteristics (relationship between stack output current and stack output current) of the fuel cell stack 1 shown in FIG.
- three bold curves indicate the IV characteristics of the fuel cell stack 1 at a predetermined HFR.
- the higher the stack output voltage with respect to a predetermined stack output current the lower the HFR value.
- FIG. 4 also shows a graph showing the relationship between the stack output current and the amount of generated water generated in the fuel cell stack 1 (hereinafter referred to as “generated water amount”). As can be seen from this straight line, the amount of generated water generated in the fuel cell stack 1 is substantially proportional to the stack output current output at that time.
- the stack output voltage when the stack output current of each curve is 0 is called “open circuit voltage”.
- the stack output voltage becomes 0 as shown in the IV characteristic. Therefore, generation
- IS output voltage upper limit value and IS output voltage lower limit value indicate the upper limit value and lower limit value of the output voltage set by the output voltage upper and lower limit value setting unit 230, respectively.
- IS output voltage resetting upper limit value indicates the resetting upper limit value of the output voltage reset by the output voltage upper limit resetting unit 270.
- the black circles in the figure indicate changes in the state of the water balance in the fuel cell stack 1 during normal control during idle stop operation
- the black squares in the figure indicate the fuel when the upper limit value of the output voltage is reset.
- the change of the state of the water balance of the battery stack 1 is shown.
- control at a value between the upper limit value and the lower limit value where the output voltage is not reset is referred to as ⁇ normal idle stop operation control ''
- reset idle stop operation control Control with a value up to the lower limit
- the cathode gas supply causes a transition to the black circle of the IS output voltage upper limit value that intersects the IV characteristic line.
- water is generated by the electrochemical reaction between the supplied oxygen and residual hydrogen, so that the stack output current becomes zero, and the stack output voltage also decreases to the IS output voltage lower limit.
- the reset upper limit value is increased so as to increase the upper limit value of the output voltage. Therefore, the IS dry output voltage upper limit value that intersects the IV characteristic line by supplying the cathode gas.
- the black square is the reset idle stop operation control.
- the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 is set to the IS output voltage lower limit value according to the intermittent supply of the cathode gas by the cathode gas supply control unit 280. It is controlled by a value between the IS output voltage upper limit value.
- the upper limit value of the output voltage is switched from the IS output voltage upper limit value to the IS output voltage reset upper limit value. This increases the flow rate of the cathode gas supplied to the fuel cell stack 1 and reduces the amount of generated water. Therefore, the electrolyte membrane of the fuel cell in the fuel cell stack 1 can be efficiently dried.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the output current of the fuel cell stack 1 shown in FIG. 1 and the stack water balance.
- the cathode gas flow rate, the cathode gas pressure, the anode gas circulation flow rate, the stack temperature (cooling water temperature), and the like are controlled so that the stack water balance becomes zero.
- the three parallel lines indicate the relationship between the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 and the stack water balance when the intermittently supplied cathode gas flow rate (hereinafter also referred to as “intermittent cathode gas flow rate”) is the same. ing.
- the cathode gas flow rate increases intermittently, the water balance against the stack output current decreases. That is, it can be seen that the fuel cell stack 1 is dry when the cathode gas flow rate is large. Therefore, when the fuel cell stack 1 is desired to be dried as in the present embodiment, one method is to control the cathode gas flow rate to be increased. Then, when the supply amount of the cathode gas is small and the cathode gas is intermittently supplied as in the idle stop operation, as shown in FIG. 4, the upper limit value of the output voltage, which is the timing for stopping the intermittent supply, is set. Make it high. Thereby, since the amount of generated water can also be suppressed, drying of the fuel cell stack 1 is further promoted.
- the output voltage overshoots the upper limit value as described above. In that case, the surplus exceeding the upper limit value of the output voltage is output as a current to charge the high voltage battery. Then, generated water is generated by an electrochemical reaction between supplied oxygen and residual hydrogen. Therefore, during the normal idle stop operation control of the fuel cell system 100, the inside of the fuel cell stack 1 becomes the water balance region of the hatched portion A in FIG. 5 where the stack water balance is on the wet side.
- the fuel cell stack 1 is indicated by the vertical line portion B in FIG. 5 immediately after the upper limit value of the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 is switched. It becomes the water balance area.
- the HFR of the fuel cell stack can be controlled in the vicinity of the target HFR value even during the idle stop operation of the fuel cell system 100. .
- FIG. 6 is a time chart showing the state change of each physical quantity during the idle stop operation process in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the physical quantities include the output voltage and output current of the fuel cell stack 1, the cathode gas flow rate, and the wet state of the electrolyte membrane of the fuel cell.
- the cathode gas supply control unit 280 of the controller 200 drives the compressor 22 to supply the cathode gas to the fuel cell stack 1.
- the cathode gas As the cathode gas is supplied, the supplied oxygen and residual hydrogen react to increase the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1.
- the cathode gas supply control unit 280 stops the compressor 22 and ends the supply of the cathode gas (see FIG. 6C). At this time, the electrochemical reaction between the supplied oxygen and the residual hydrogen continues, but the output voltage is maintained at the upper limit value, so the surplus power becomes the output current of the fuel cell stack 1 and charges the high-voltage battery. (See FIG. 6B).
- the output voltage pulsates up and down based on the intermittent supply of the cathode gas, and the output current is intermittently output at the timing when the output voltage reaches the upper limit value. Further, at the timing of supplying the cathode gas, the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 (the wetness of the electrolyte membrane of the fuel cell) estimated by the wet state detection unit 210 changes from the dry side to the wet side in a stepped manner.
- the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 reaches the lower limit value of the proper wet range by the fourth supply of the cathode gas.
- the output voltage upper limit resetting unit 270 resets the output voltage so that the upper limit of the output voltage becomes higher, and thereafter, the output voltage pulsates at a value between the reset upper limit and the lower limit.
- the reset upper limit value is shown as the IS output voltage reset upper limit value in FIG.
- the IS output voltage resetting upper limit value has been described as a value lower than the open circuit voltage at which the output current becomes zero.
- the IS output voltage resetting upper limit value may be set to be equal to or higher than the open circuit voltage of the fuel cell stack 1.
- the cathode gas supply control unit 280 drives the compressor 22 to supply the cathode gas to the fuel cell stack 1.
- the rotation speed of the compressor 22 is controlled by the cathode gas supply control unit 280 so as to be the upper limit value of the cathode gas flow rate (see FIG. 6C).
- the cathode gas supply control unit 280 stops the compressor 22 and stops the supply of the cathode gas.
- the cathode gas supply control unit 280 drives the compressor 22 to drive the fuel cell stack. 1 is supplied with a cathode gas.
- the cathode gas supply control unit 280 stops the compressor 22 and stops the supply of the cathode gas.
- the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 has reached the upper limit value due to the supply of the cathode gas twice after resetting the upper limit value of the output voltage to be increased.
- the subsequent control is not described, but the output voltage upper limit resetting unit 270 gradually lowers or lowers the reset upper limit currently set as necessary. It may be set so as to be equal to or lower than the open circuit voltage of the fuel cell stack 1.
- the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 can be controlled to the appropriate wet range set by the proper wet range setting unit 240 without the wet state exceeding the upper limit value (drying).
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the idle stop determination process executed by the controller 200 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. This idle stop determination process is executed by the controller 200 of the fuel cell system 100, for example, every 10 milliseconds. Note that the order of steps in each flowchart may be changed within a range where no contradiction occurs.
- the controller 200 first determines whether or not a predetermined idle stop start condition is satisfied (step S1). If it is determined that the idle stop start condition is not satisfied, the controller 200 moves the process flow to step S4, executes (continues) the normal operation process, and ends this idle stop determination process.
- step S2 the controller 200 shifts the process flow to step S2 and executes the idle stop operation process (step S2).
- step S3 the controller 200 determines whether or not a predetermined idle stop end condition is satisfied.
- the controller 200 repeats the processes in steps S2 and S3 until the idle stop end condition is satisfied.
- step S4 the controller 200 executes a normal operation process (step S4) and ends the idle stop determination process.
- the idle stop start condition and the idle stop end condition may be determined using known conditions, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted here.
- the normal operation process may be a well-known normal operation process of the fuel cell system 100, detailed description thereof will be omitted. Below, especially the idle stop driving
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an example of an idle stop operation process that is a subroutine of the idle stop determination process shown in step S2 of FIG. As shown in step S1 of the idle stop determination process, when the idle stop start condition is satisfied, the idle stop operation process is executed.
- the cathode gas supply controller 280 of the controller 200 first stops the compressor 22 and stops the supply of cathode gas (step S11). Then, the output voltage upper / lower limit setting unit 230 sets the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 during the idle stop operation (step S12). Then, the output voltage upper limit value resetting unit 270 executes an output voltage upper limit value resetting process (step S13).
- the output voltage determination unit 250 determines whether or not the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 detected by the voltage sensor 52 is equal to or lower than the lower limit value set in step S12 (step S14). When it is determined that the output voltage is greater than the lower limit value, the controller 200 ends the idle stop operation process as it is. Thereafter, the controller 200 executes this idle stop operation process until the idle stop end condition is satisfied in step S3.
- the cathode gas supply control unit 280 drives the compressor 22 to supply the cathode gas to the fuel cell stack 1 (step S15).
- the output voltage determination unit 250 determines whether the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 detected by the voltage sensor 52 is the upper limit value set in step S12 or the upper limit value reset in step S104 of the application voltage upper limit resetting process described later. It is determined whether or not the above has been reached (step S16). If it is determined that the output voltage is less than the upper limit value, the controller 200 stands by in step S16 until the output voltage becomes equal to or higher than the upper limit value.
- the cathode gas supply control unit 280 stops the compressor 22 and stops the supply of the cathode gas to the fuel cell stack 1 (step S17). This idle stop operation process is terminated.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing an example of an output voltage upper limit resetting process that is a subroutine of the idle stop operation process of FIG.
- the appropriate wet range setting unit 240 of the controller 200 first sets the proper wet range of the fuel cell stack 1 by reading necessary data from a memory (not shown) or the like (step S101). ).
- the wet state detection unit 210 estimates the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 based on the internal impedance of the fuel cell stack 1 acquired from the impedance measuring device 6 (step S102).
- the appropriate wet range determination unit 260 determines whether or not the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 estimated in step S102 is outside the proper wet range set in step S11 (step S103). When it is determined that the wet state is within the proper wet range, the controller 200 ends the output voltage upper limit resetting process as it is.
- the output voltage upper limit resetting unit 270 resets the output voltage so as to increase the upper limit of the output voltage set in step S12 of the idle stop operation process.
- Step S104 the output voltage upper limit value resetting unit 270 acquires the open circuit voltage data of the fuel cell stack 1 described with reference to FIG. 4 from a memory (not shown), and sets the upper limit value of the output voltage to this open circuit voltage. Set to a value with a predetermined margin added.
- step S104 of the output voltage upper limit value resetting process the controller 200 uses the output voltage reset upper limit value and the lower limit value to perform step S14 of the idle stop operation process. Processes S17 to S17 are executed.
- the fuel cell system 100 selectively stops power generation of the fuel cell stack 1 (fuel cell) according to the required output of a load such as a drive motor, and supplies the cathode gas when the operation is stopped.
- This is a fuel cell system 100 capable of performing an idle stop operation in which cathode gas is intermittently supplied to the fuel cell stack 1 from the exhaust device 2 (cathode gas supply device).
- the fuel cell system 100 may perform wetness detection unit 210 that detects the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 (wetness of the electrolyte membrane of each fuel cell) (estimation / detection based on the measurement result from the impedance measurement device 6).
- the output voltage upper and lower limit setting unit 230 for setting the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 during the idle stop operation, and the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 during the idle stop operation is appropriate.
- a proper wet range setting unit 240 for setting the proper wet range is appropriate. Further, the fuel cell system 100 determines whether or not the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 detected by the wet state detection unit 210 is within the proper wet range set by the proper wet range setting unit 240.
- the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 An output voltage upper limit value resetting unit 270 that resets the set upper limit value to be higher is further included. Then, when the output voltage upper limit resetting unit 270 resets the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 so as to increase the upper limit of the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1, the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 becomes the output voltage upper limit value.
- a controller 200 controls the cathode gas to be intermittently supplied from the cathode gas supply / discharge device 2 (cathode gas supply device) at a value between the upper limit value and the lower limit value reset by the resetting unit 270.
- the cathode gas supply control unit 280 included in the controller 200 may be configured to output an on / off signal of the compressor 22).
- the cathode gas supply control unit 280 supplies the cathode gas intermittently, so that generated water is generated by an electrochemical reaction between the supplied oxygen and residual hydrogen. Thereby, the wet state in the fuel cell stack 1 gradually shifts to the wet side.
- the appropriate wet range is set in advance for the wet state, and when the lower limit of the proper wet range (the lower limit of the measured HFR) is reached, the fuel cell stack 1 The output voltage has been reset to increase the upper limit.
- the cathode gas supply control unit 280 is a value between the reset upper limit value and the lower limit value of the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1,
- the compressor 22 is operated intermittently. Therefore, it is possible to effectively suppress the fuel cell stack 1 from becoming excessively wet during the idle stop operation, and to control the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 within the proper wet range.
- the output voltage upper limit value resetting unit 270 resets the upper limit value of the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 to be increased. Therefore, residual hydrogen and supply oxygen can suppress an electrochemical reaction. This eliminates the possibility of hydrogen deficiency, which has been a problem in the past.
- the fuel cell system 100 of the present embodiment is configured such that the upper limit value of the output voltage reset by the output voltage upper limit value resetting unit 270 is higher than the open circuit voltage of the fuel cell stack 1.
- the fuel cell The generated water is not generated due to the IV characteristic of the stack 1.
- the operation time of the compressor 22 by the cathode gas supply control unit 280 becomes longer. Therefore, the inside of the fuel cell stack 1 on the wet side can be sufficiently dried, and the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 can be controlled and managed within the proper wet range even during the idling stop operation.
- the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 during the idle stop operation can be properly managed, the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 is changed when returning from the idle stop operation to the normal operation (normal power generation control). It can be stabilized.
- the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 does not change on the wet side, so the time until the fuel cell vehicle is completely stopped. Can be shortened.
- the fuel cell vehicle when the fuel cell vehicle is stopped, the inside of the fuel cell stack 1 is sufficiently dried. Therefore, the fuel cell vehicle is stopped after sufficiently removing residual moisture. Therefore, even if the outside air temperature falls to below zero while the vehicle is stopped, moisture contained in the anode off-gas or cathode off-gas is condensed and solidified in the anode gas circulation passage, cathode gas supply passage, cathode gas discharge passage, etc. Damage to the drive unit can be prevented. As a result, the below-zero start-up performance of the fuel cell vehicle including the fuel cell system 100 of the present embodiment can be improved.
- control method of the fuel cell system 100 of the present embodiment selectively stops the power generation of the fuel cell stack 1 (fuel cell) according to the required output of the load, and intermittently enters the fuel cell stack 1 when the operation is stopped.
- a method of controlling the fuel cell system 100 capable of performing an idle stop operation for supplying a cathode gas, the step of setting an upper limit value and a lower limit value of the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 during the idle stop operation, and a fuel cell stack
- the output voltage of 1 is a value between the upper limit value and the lower limit value
- the step of intermittently supplying the cathode gas the step of detecting the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1, and the fuel cell stack 1 during the idle stop operation Setting a proper wet range where the wet state of the fuel is appropriate, and setting the wet state of the detected fuel cell stack 1
- the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 is reset.
- the upper limit value (or the control range based on the upper limit value and the lower limit value) may be set higher. Since the control method of the fuel cell system 100 of the present embodiment is configured as described above, the same effects as those of the fuel cell system 100 described above can be obtained.
- the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 at the time of return from the idle stop operation is stabilized, and the stop time of the fuel cell vehicle from the idle stop operation is shortened. And the sub-zero start-up performance can be improved.
- the present invention can realize the control method of the present embodiment based not only on the physical quantity of the fuel cell stack 1 but also on the physical quantity of each fuel cell in the fuel cell stack 1.
- the output voltage upper limit value is reset.
- the setting unit 270 is reset so as to increase the set upper limit value of the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1.
- the present invention is not limited to such a configuration. Under such conditions, the output voltage upper limit value resetting unit 270 (or the controller 200) does not reset the upper limit value of the output voltage, but, for example, the upper limit value set by the output voltage upper / lower limit value setting unit 230 And the lower limit value, that is, the fluctuation range (band) of the output voltage may be reset, or the intermediate value of the fluctuation range may be reset.
- the upper limit value may be increased and the lower limit value may be increased. Even if configured in this manner, no water is generated in the fuel cell stack 1 near the upper limit value of the output voltage, so that the wet state in the fuel cell stack 1 can be shifted to the dry side.
- the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the reset upper limit value is returned to the original upper limit value.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of the controller 201 that controls the fuel cell system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the functional block diagram of the controller 201 shown in FIG. 10 mainly describes functions according to the present invention, and partially omits functions related to normal operation control of the fuel cell system 100 and other controls. There is also.
- the controller 201 of the present embodiment includes a wet state detection unit 210, an operation state detection unit 220, an output voltage upper / lower limit value setting unit 230, a wet proper range setting unit 240, and an output voltage determination.
- Unit 250 proper wetness range determination unit 260, output voltage upper limit resetting unit 270, cathode gas supply control unit 280, and target wetness setting unit 290.
- the target wetness setting unit 290 sets the target wetness or target wet range of the fuel cell stack 1 during the idle stop operation.
- the target wetness (target wet range) of the fuel cell stack 1 during the idle stop operation is set in order to efficiently return from the idle stop operation to the normal operation and stop the vehicle. .
- the set target wetness or target wet range is output to the proper wet range determination unit 260.
- the appropriate wetness range determination unit 260 compares the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 estimated by the wet state detection unit 210 with the acquired target wetness or target wet range, and compares the comparison result with the output voltage upper limit value resetting unit 270. Output to.
- the output voltage upper limit value resetting unit 270 sets the reset upper limit value of the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 based on the comparison result obtained from the wet proper range determination unit 260 before the resetting.
- the output voltage upper limit resetting unit 270 returns the reset upper limit to the upper limit before resetting.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing an example of the output voltage upper limit resetting process executed by the controller 201 in the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the controller 201 sets the upper limit value and lower limit value of the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 in step S12 of the idle stop operation process, the controller 201 executes this output voltage upper limit value resetting process.
- the appropriate wet range setting unit 240 of the controller 201 first sets the proper wet range of the fuel cell stack 1 by reading necessary data from a memory (not shown) or the like (step S101). ).
- the controller 201 determines whether or not a reset flag stored in a memory (not shown) is ON (step S201).
- the “reset flag” is a flag indicating whether or not the output voltage upper limit value resetting unit 270 has reset the upper limit value of the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1.
- the controller 201 shifts the processing flow to step S202.
- the wet state detection unit 210 of the controller 201 determines the fuel cell based on the internal impedance of the fuel cell stack 1 acquired from the impedance measuring device 6. The wet state of the stack 1 is estimated (step S102).
- the appropriate wet range determination unit 260 determines whether or not the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 estimated in step S102 is outside the proper wet range set in step S11 (step S103). When it is determined that the wet state is within the proper wet range, the controller 201 ends the output voltage upper limit resetting process as it is.
- the output voltage upper limit resetting unit 270 resets the output voltage so as to increase the upper limit of the output voltage set in step S12 of the idle stop operation process.
- Step S104 the output voltage upper limit value resetting unit 270 acquires the open circuit voltage data of the fuel cell stack 1 described with reference to FIG. 4 from a memory (not shown), and sets the upper limit value of the output voltage to this open circuit voltage. Set to a value with a predetermined margin added.
- Step S104 when the output voltage upper limit resetting unit 270 resets the output voltage upper limit, the controller 201 switches the reset flag stored in a memory (not shown) from OFF to ON.
- the target wetness setting unit 290 of the controller 201 sets the target wetness range or target wetness of the fuel cell stack 1 during the idle stop operation (step S202).
- the target wet range or the target wet degree is assumed to be in the vicinity of the upper limit value of the proper wet range.
- the appropriate wet range determination unit 260 of the controller 201 determines whether or not the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 estimated by the wet state detection unit 210 has reached the target wet range or the target wet degree (step S203). If it is determined that the estimated wet state has not reached the target wet range or the target wet degree, the controller 201 ends the output voltage upper limit resetting process as it is.
- the output voltage upper limit value resetting unit 270 sets the reset upper limit value to the normal upper limit value that is the original upper limit value. At the same time, the reset flag is switched from ON to OFF (step S204), and the output voltage upper limit reset process is terminated.
- FIG. 12 is an example of a time chart showing the state change of each physical quantity during the idle stop operation process in the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the reset upper limit is collectively reduced and returned to the original upper limit.
- the description may be abbreviate
- the output voltage is controlled at a value between the upper limit value and the lower limit value.
- the output voltage pulsates up and down, and the output current of the fuel cell stack 1 is intermittently output at the timing when the output voltage reaches the upper limit value.
- generated water is generated in the fuel cell stack 1, and the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 gradually decreases (changes in the wet direction).
- the output voltage upper limit value resetting unit 270 switches the upper limit value of the output voltage to the reset upper limit value.
- the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 reaches the target wetness range set by the target wetness setting unit 290 by supplying the cathode gas for the second time at a constant flow rate for a predetermined time.
- the reset upper limit value of the output voltage is not changed.
- a target wet range is set, and when the wet state reaches the target wet range, the upper limit value of the output voltage is collectively returned from the reset upper limit value to the original upper limit value. Yes.
- the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 falls below the open circuit voltage by returning to the original upper limit value, so that a relatively large output current is generated and a lot of generated water is generated.
- the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 also shifts to the wet side in a large step.
- the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 reaches the target wet range, the wet state again shifts to the wet side.
- FIG. 13 is another example of a time chart showing the state change of each physical quantity during the idle stop operation process in the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the reset upper limit is lowered stepwise based on various functions and returned to the original upper limit.
- the actual wet state estimated in step S102 in this routine (hereinafter referred to as “actual wetness”).
- the predetermined upper limit value of the output voltage is subjected to predetermined processing based on the difference between the state and the target wet state as a control target.
- the “predetermined process” for example, feedback control is performed on the upper limit value of the output voltage based on the difference between the actual wet state and the target wet state, or the output voltage is set as a function of the difference and the upper limit value of the output voltage. It is assumed that the upper limit value is calculated or the upper limit value of the output voltage is determined based on a table of the difference and the upper limit value of the output voltage.
- the time chart in FIG. 13 shows an example in which the reset upper limit value of the output voltage is lowered linearly at the cathode gas supply timing. Similar to the time chart of FIG. 12, when the wet state estimated in step S102 reaches the lower limit value of the appropriate wet range, the output voltage upper limit value resetting unit 270 opens the upper limit value of the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 as an open circuit. Set to a predetermined reset upper limit that is equal to or greater than the voltage. Thereafter, the predetermined reset upper limit value is maintained until the output voltage reaches the lower limit value.
- the cathode gas supply control unit 280 drives the compressor 22 to supply the cathode gas to the fuel cell stack 1.
- the reset upper limit value is gradually lowered with a predetermined inclination based on the difference between the current wet state and the target wet state.
- the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 also increases.
- the cathode gas supply control unit 280 stops the supply of the cathode gas at the timing when these lines intersect in a two-dimensional plane. In this example, it is assumed that the upper limit value of the crossed output voltages is still higher than the open circuit voltage of the fuel cell stack 1. For this reason, generated water is not generated due to the IV characteristics of the fuel cell stack 1.
- the reset upper limit value is held again until the next cathode gas supply timing at the upper limit value of the output voltage at this intersecting timing.
- the cathode gas supply control unit 280 drives the compressor 22 to supply the cathode gas to the fuel cell stack 1.
- the cathode gas supply control unit 280 stops the supply of the cathode gas at the timing at which the increasing output voltage and the decreasing resetting upper limit value intersect on the two-dimensional plane.
- the upper limit value of the output voltage is switched from the reset upper limit value to the original upper limit value. Further, since the upper limit value of the output voltage at the second crossing timing is lower than the open circuit voltage, an output current is output and generated water is generated. Thereby, the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 slightly shifts to the wet side.
- the fuel cell system 100 of the present embodiment has the target wetness or target wet range of the fuel cell stack 1 during the idle stop operation in addition to the configuration of the fuel cell system 100 in the first embodiment.
- a target wetness setting unit 290 to be set is further provided.
- the output voltage upper limit resetting unit 270 is based on the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 detected by the wet state detection unit 210 and the target wetness or target wet range set by the target wetness setting unit 290.
- the upper limit value of the reset output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 is set back to the upper limit value before resetting.
- the fuel cell stack 1 by configuring the fuel cell system 100 in this way, when the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 enters the target wet range or reaches the target wet degree during the idle stop operation, the fuel cell stack 1 The reset upper limit value of the output voltage is returned to the original upper limit value. As a result, the time during which each electrode (anode electrode and cathode electrode) of the fuel cell stack 1 is exposed to a high potential can be shortened, so that the high potential deterioration of the electrolyte membrane of the fuel cell can be effectively suppressed. it can.
- the life of each electrode and electrolyte membrane of the fuel cell stack 1 can be extended.
- the control method of the fuel cell system 100 of the present embodiment sets the target wetness or target wet range of the fuel cell stack 1 during the idle stop operation. Based on the detected wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 and the set target wetness or target wet range, the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the reset output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 are set to the upper limit values before resetting. And a step of returning to the lower limit value.
- each electrode of the fuel cell stack 1 (anode electrode and cathode electrode) ) Is exposed to a high potential, the high potential deterioration of the electrolyte membrane of the fuel cell can be effectively suppressed. Note that when only the upper limit value of the output voltage is reset, it is not necessary to change (return) the lower limit value, so that only the upper limit value needs to be returned to the upper limit value before resetting.
- the reset upper limit value of the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 when the reset upper limit value of the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 is returned to the original upper limit value, the reset upper limit value is collectively returned to the original upper limit value, the actual wet state and the target Based on the difference from the wet state, a predetermined process was applied to the reset upper limit value of the output voltage.
- the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 decreases to the original upper limit value.
- the second embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that the reset upper limit value is returned to the original upper limit value.
- the function of the controller 201 of this embodiment is substantially the same as that of the controller 201 of 2nd Embodiment, in the following description, the fuel cell of this embodiment is used using the functional block diagram of FIG. The operation of the system 100 will be described.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing an example of the output voltage upper limit resetting process executed by the controller 201 in the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the controller 201 sets the upper limit value and lower limit value of the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 in step S12 of the idle stop operation process, the controller 201 executes this output voltage upper limit value resetting process.
- the appropriate wet range setting unit 240 of the controller 201 first sets the proper wet range of the fuel cell stack 1 by reading necessary data from a memory (not shown) or the like (step S101). ).
- step S201 determines whether or not a reset flag stored in a memory (not shown) is ON (step S201).
- the reset flag is ON, it indicates that the upper limit value of the output voltage has been reset in the previous routine.
- the controller 201 shifts the processing flow to step S202.
- the wet state detection unit 210 of the controller 201 determines the fuel cell based on the internal impedance of the fuel cell stack 1 acquired from the impedance measuring device 6. The wet state of the stack 1 is estimated (step S102).
- the appropriate wet range determination unit 260 determines whether or not the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 estimated in step S102 is outside the proper wet range set in step S11 (step S103). When it is determined that the wet state is within the proper wet range, the controller 201 ends the output voltage upper limit resetting process as it is.
- the output voltage upper limit resetting unit 270 resets the output voltage so as to increase the upper limit of the output voltage set in step S12 of the idle stop operation process.
- Step S104 the output voltage upper limit value resetting unit 270 acquires the open circuit voltage data of the fuel cell stack 1 described with reference to FIG. 4 from a memory (not shown), and sets the upper limit value of the output voltage to this open circuit voltage. Set to a value with a predetermined margin added.
- Step S104 when the output voltage upper limit resetting unit 270 resets the output voltage upper limit, the controller 201 switches the reset flag stored in a memory (not shown) from OFF to ON.
- the target wetness setting unit 290 of the controller 201 sets the target wetness range or the target wetness of the fuel cell stack 1 during the idle stop operation (step S202).
- the target wet range or the target wet degree is assumed to be in the vicinity of the upper limit value of the proper wet range.
- the appropriate wet range determination unit 260 of the controller 201 determines whether or not the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 estimated by the wet state detection unit 210 has reached the target wet range or the target wet degree (step S203). If it is determined that the estimated wet state has not reached the target wet range or the target wet degree, the controller 201 ends the output voltage upper limit resetting process as it is.
- the output voltage determination unit 250 outputs the original output before the current output voltage detected by the voltage sensor 52 is reset. It is determined whether or not the voltage is equal to or lower than the upper limit value (step S301). If it is determined that the current output voltage is greater than the original upper limit value, the controller 201 ends the output voltage upper limit value resetting process as it is.
- the output voltage upper limit value resetting unit 270 returns the reset upper limit value to the normal upper limit value that is the original upper limit value, The reset flag is switched from ON to OFF (step S204), and the output voltage upper limit reset process is terminated.
- FIG. 15 is a time chart showing a state change of each physical quantity during the idle stop operation process in the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the upper limit value of the output voltage is returned to the original upper limit value when the output voltage first reaches the original upper limit value after the wet state has reached the target wet range.
- the description may be abbreviate
- the output current of the battery stack 1 is intermittently output, thereby generating water in the fuel cell stack 1 and the fuel cell.
- the wet state of the stack 1 gradually decreases (changes in the wet direction).
- the output voltage upper limit value resetting unit 270 determines the upper limit value of the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 as an open circuit voltage. The predetermined reset upper limit value is set.
- the cathode gas supply control unit 280 supplies the cathode gas to the fuel cell stack 1 at a predetermined maximum flow rate. Supply. At this time, since the reset upper limit value of the output voltage is higher than the open circuit voltage of the fuel cell stack 1, no output current is generated, and the fuel cell stack 1 can be dried rapidly.
- the output voltage determination unit 250 further detects the fuel cell stack detected by the voltage sensor 52. It is determined whether the output voltage of 1 is equal to or lower than the original upper limit value (step S301).
- the output voltage upper limit value resetting unit 270 resets the upper limit value of the output voltage from the reset upper limit value to the original upper limit value (step S204). Thereafter, the cathode gas supply control unit 280 intermittently supplies the cathode gas to the fuel cell stack 1 at a value between the original upper limit value and the lower limit value of the output voltage.
- the upper limit value of the output voltage can be held for a longer time than the reset upper limit value as compared with the case of the second embodiment. Even if 280 supplies the cathode gas to the fuel cell stack 1, an excessive output voltage is not taken out. As a result, the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 is held longer in the vicinity of the target wet range.
- the control method for the fuel cell system 100 is the wetness of the detected fuel cell stack 1 in the step of returning the upper limit value to the control method for the fuel cell system 100 according to the second embodiment.
- the state is drier than the set target wetness or target wet range (or has reached near the target wetness or target wet range)
- the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 is the output voltage before resetting.
- the upper limit value of the reset fuel cell stack 1 is returned to the upper limit value before resetting.
- the reset upper limit value is set until the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 falls below the original upper limit value. There is no return to the original upper limit. Therefore, consumption of the output current generated by returning the upper limit value of the output voltage to the original upper limit value is suppressed, and generation of generated water is also suppressed. Thereby, the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 can be held for a longer time within the target wet range (wet proper range).
- the duration time during which the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 during the idling stop operation is maintained in the wet proper range is increased. Can be improved. Thereby, generation
- the supply amount of the cathode gas set by the cathode gas supply control unit 280 is controlled to be equal to or less than a predetermined amount according to the upper limit value during intermittent supply.
- the cathode gas is based on the deviation between the estimated wet state and the target wet range. This is different from the first to third embodiments in that the supply flow rate and the supply time are determined.
- the function of the controller 201 of this embodiment is substantially the same as that of the controller 201 of 2nd Embodiment, in the following description, the fuel cell of this embodiment is used using the functional block diagram of FIG. The operation of the system 100 will be described.
- FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing an example of the idle stop operation process executed by the controller 201 in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the controller 201 determines that the idle stop start condition is satisfied in step S1 of the idle stop determination process shown in FIG. 7, the controller 201 executes this idle stop operation process.
- the cathode gas supply controller 280 of the controller 201 first stops the compressor 22 and stops the supply of cathode gas (step S11).
- the output voltage upper / lower limit setting unit 230 sets the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 during the idle stop operation (step S12). Then, the output voltage upper limit value resetting unit 270 executes an output voltage upper limit value resetting process (step S13).
- the output voltage determination unit 250 determines whether or not the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 detected by the voltage sensor 52 is equal to or lower than the lower limit value set in step S12 (step S14). If it is determined that the output voltage is greater than the lower limit value, the controller 201 ends the idle stop operation process as it is. Thereafter, the controller 201 executes this idle stop operation process until it is determined in step S3 of the idle stop determination process that the idle stop end condition is satisfied.
- the controller 201 determines the current wet state estimated by the wet state detection unit 210 and the output voltage.
- the target wet range set in step S202 of the upper limit resetting process is compared, and the deviation is calculated (step S21).
- the controller 201 determines the flow rate and supply time of the cathode gas to be supplied to the fuel cell stack 1 based on the calculated deviation (step S22).
- the cathode gas supply control unit 280 drives the compressor 22 based on the determined cathode gas flow rate and supply time, and supplies the cathode gas to the fuel cell stack 1 (step S15).
- the output voltage determination unit 250 causes the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 detected by the voltage sensor 52 to be equal to or higher than the upper limit value set in step S12 or the upper limit value reset in step S104 of the application voltage upper limit value resetting process. It is determined whether or not (step S16). If it is determined that the output voltage is less than the upper limit value, the controller 201 stands by in step S16 until the output voltage becomes equal to or higher than the upper limit value.
- the appropriate wet range determination unit 260 determines whether the wet state estimated by the wet state detection unit 210 has reached the target wet range (step). S23). When it is determined that the estimated wet state has reached the target wet range, the cathode gas supply control unit 280 stops the compressor 22 and stops the supply of the cathode gas to the fuel cell stack 1 (step S17). This idle stop operation process is terminated.
- the wet state detection unit 210 estimates the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 again (step S24), and the estimated wet state is the target wet state. The processes from step S21 to S24 are repeated until the range is reached.
- FIG. 17 is a time chart showing a state change of each physical quantity during the idle stop operation process in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- a case will be described in which, after the estimated wet state reaches the target wet range, the target wet range is reached early by rapidly supplying the cathode gas to the fuel cell stack 1.
- the description may be abbreviate
- the supply flow rate and supply time of the cathode gas are based on the deviation between the estimated wet state and the target wet range. (Steps S21 and S22), and the cathode gas is supplied to the fuel cell stack 1 based on the determined supply flow rate and supply time.
- the controller 201 calculates based on the wet state and the target wet range. Based on the deviation, the flow rate and supply time of the cathode gas to be supplied to the fuel cell stack 1 are determined (steps S21 and S22).
- the cathode gas supply control unit 280 supplies the cathode gas to the fuel cell stack 1 based on the supply flow rate and supply time of the cathode gas thus determined (see FIG. 17C). As a result, the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 reaches the reset upper limit value (see FIG. 17A), so that the energy from the surplus electrochemical reaction between the supplied oxygen and residual hydrogen is taken out as the output current (see FIG. 17B). ).
- the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 reaches the target wet range. Then, the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 gradually decreases.
- a specific description of switching the upper limit value of the output voltage from the reset upper limit value to the original upper limit value is omitted.
- the output voltage upper limit value resetting unit 270 The upper limit value may be switched from the reset upper limit value to the original upper limit value.
- the control method of the fuel cell system 100 according to the present embodiment is different from the reset upper limit value of the output voltage (lower limit value) with respect to the control method of the fuel cell system 100 according to the second embodiment.
- the cathode gas is intermittently supplied at a value up to the time until the fuel cell stack 1 is not reset, in the cathode gas supply step, the detected wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 and the set target wetness
- the cathode gas flow rate and supply time to be supplied are determined based on the target wet range, and the cathode gas is supplied to the fuel cell stack 1 (intermittently) based on the determined cathode gas flow rate and supply time. It was configured as follows.
- the cathode gas is supplied so that the target wet range is reached at once.
- the wet state in the fuel cell stack 1 can be shifted to the target wet range at an early stage. Thereby, the wet state in the fuel cell stack 1 during the idle stop operation can be quickly optimized.
- the cathode gas supply control unit 280 supplies the cathode gas to the fuel cell stack 1 based on the determined cathode gas supply flow rate and supply time.
- the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 estimated by the wet state detection unit 210 falls below the lower limit value of the appropriate wet range, the water balance in the fuel cell stack 1 is calculated, and the calculated water balance is calculated. Based on this, the upper limit value of the output voltage is reset and the cathode gas supply flow rate is determined, which is different from the fourth embodiment.
- the function of the controller 201 of this embodiment is substantially the same as that of the controller 201 of 2nd Embodiment, in the following description, the fuel cell of this embodiment is used using the functional block diagram of FIG. The operation of the system 100 will be described.
- FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing an example of the idle stop operation process executed by the controller 201 in the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the controller 201 determines that the idle stop start condition is satisfied in step S1 of the idle stop determination process shown in FIG. 7, the controller 201 executes this idle stop operation process.
- the cathode gas supply controller 280 of the controller 201 first stops the compressor 22 and stops the supply of cathode gas (step S11).
- the output voltage upper / lower limit setting unit 230 sets the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 during the idle stop operation (step S12). Then, the output voltage upper limit value resetting unit 270 executes an output voltage upper limit value resetting process (step S13).
- the output voltage determination unit 250 determines whether or not the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 detected by the voltage sensor 52 is equal to or lower than the lower limit value set in step S12 (step S14). If it is determined that the output voltage is greater than the lower limit value, the controller 201 ends the idle stop operation process as it is. Thereafter, the controller 201 executes this idle stop operation process until it is determined in step S3 of the idle stop determination process that the idle stop end condition is satisfied.
- the controller 201 determines the amount of generated water generated by the electrochemical reaction or the generated water that is included in the cathode offgas and discharged from the fuel cell stack 1. Based on the amount and the like, the water balance in the fuel cell stack 1 is calculated (step S31). Note that the water balance of the fuel cell stack 1 is not limited to the above calculation, and may be determined using a predetermined map, for example.
- the controller 201 determines the target flow rate of the cathode gas to be supplied to the fuel cell stack 1 based on the calculated water balance (step S32).
- the cathode gas supply control unit 280 drives the compressor 22 based on the determined target flow rate of the cathode gas, and supplies the cathode gas to the fuel cell stack 1 (step S15).
- the output voltage determination unit 250 determines whether the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 detected by the voltage sensor 52 is the upper limit value set in step S12 or the upper limit value reset in step S402 of the application voltage upper limit resetting process described later. It is determined whether or not the above has been reached (step S16). If it is determined that the output voltage is less than the upper limit value, the controller 201 stands by in step S16 until the output voltage becomes equal to or higher than the upper limit value.
- the appropriate wet range determination unit 260 determines whether the wet state estimated by the wet state detection unit 210 has reached the target wet range. Is determined (step S23).
- the cathode gas supply control unit 280 stops the compressor 22 and stops the supply of the cathode gas to the fuel cell stack 1 (step S17). This idle stop operation process is terminated.
- the wet state detection unit 210 estimates the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 again (step S24), and the estimated wet state is the target wet state. The processes in steps S16, S23, and S24 are repeated until the range is reached.
- FIG. 19 is a flowchart showing an example of an output voltage upper limit resetting process that is a subroutine of the idle stop determination process of FIG.
- the controller 201 sets the upper limit value and lower limit value of the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 in step S12 of the idle stop operation process, the controller 201 executes this output voltage upper limit value resetting process.
- the appropriate wet range setting unit 240 of the controller 201 first sets the proper wet range of the fuel cell stack 1 by reading necessary data from a memory (not shown) or the like (step S101). ).
- step S201 determines whether or not a reset flag stored in a memory (not shown) is ON (step S201).
- the reset flag is ON, it indicates that the upper limit value of the output voltage has been reset in the previous routine.
- the controller 201 shifts the processing flow to step S202.
- the wet state detection unit 210 of the controller 201 determines the fuel cell based on the internal impedance of the fuel cell stack 1 acquired from the impedance measuring device 6. The wet state of the stack 1 is estimated (step S102).
- the appropriate wet range determination unit 260 determines whether or not the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 estimated in step S102 is outside the proper wet range set in step S11 (step S103). When it is determined that the estimated wet state is within the proper wet range, the controller 201 ends the output voltage upper limit resetting process as it is.
- the controller 201 is included in the amount of generated water generated by the electrochemical reaction and the cathode offgas, and is discharged from the fuel cell stack 1. Based on the amount of generated water and the like, the water balance in the fuel cell stack 1 is calculated (step S401).
- the output voltage upper limit resetting unit 270 resets the output voltage upper limit set in step S12 of the idle stop operation process based on the calculated water balance (step S402). Specifically, the output voltage upper limit resetting unit 270 sets the reset upper limit based on the cathode gas flow rate and the like necessary for shifting the water balance of the fuel cell stack 1 to the dry side.
- Step S104 when the output voltage upper limit resetting unit 270 resets the output voltage upper limit, the controller 201 switches the reset flag stored in a memory (not shown) from OFF to ON.
- the target wetness setting unit 290 of the controller 201 sets the target wetness range or target wetness of the fuel cell stack 1 during the idle stop operation (step S202).
- the target wet range or the target wet degree is assumed to be in the vicinity of the upper limit value of the proper wet range.
- the output voltage determination unit 250 of the controller 201 determines whether or not the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 has become a lower limit value or less (step S403). If it is determined that the output voltage is larger than the lower limit value, the controller 201 ends the output voltage upper limit value resetting process as it is.
- the output voltage upper limit value resetting unit 270 returns the reset upper limit value to the normal upper limit value that is the original upper limit value, and turns on the reset flag. From OFF to OFF (step S204), and the output voltage upper limit resetting process is terminated.
- FIG. 20 is a time chart showing a state change of each physical quantity during the idle stop operation process in the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the description may be abbreviate
- the controller 201 calculates the water balance of the fuel cell stack 1 and outputs based on the calculated water balance.
- the reset value of the upper limit value (or the upper limit value and the lower limit value) of the voltage is determined, and the supply flow rate of the cathode gas is determined.
- the controller 201 calculates the water balance of the fuel cell stack 1. Based on the calculated water balance, the flow rate of the cathode gas to be supplied to the fuel cell stack 1 and the reset upper limit value of the output voltage are determined (steps S32 and S402).
- the cathode gas supply controller 280 supplies the cathode gas to the fuel cell stack 1 by driving the compressor 22 based on the determined supply flow rate. As a result, the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 reaches the reset upper limit value (see FIG. 20A), so that the energy from the surplus electrochemical reaction between the supplied oxygen and residual hydrogen is taken out as the output current (see FIG. 20B). ).
- the supply of the cathode gas by the cathode gas supply control unit 280 is stopped (see FIG. 20C). Thereafter, the output voltage gradually decreases and reaches the lower limit value. Meanwhile, since no output current is taken out, the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 can be maintained in the target wet range (see FIG. 20D).
- the output voltage upper limit value resetting unit 270 returns the upper limit value of the output voltage from the reset upper limit value to the original upper limit value.
- the cathode gas supply controller 280 intermittently supplies the cathode gas to the fuel cell stack 1. For this reason, the output voltage rises to the upper limit value, and surplus energy is extracted as an output current. Then, the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 shifts to the wet side by the amount the output current is extracted.
- the control method of the fuel cell system 100 calculates the water balance of the fuel cell stack 1 during the idle stop operation as compared with the control method of the fuel cell system 100 according to the second embodiment. And when the detected wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 deviates from the wet proper range to the wet side, the resetting step is performed at least in the fuel cell stack so that the calculated water balance is in the dry direction.
- the cathode gas supply step the cathode gas flow rate to be supplied is determined based on the reset upper limit value of the output voltage, and the determined cathode gas is determined. The cathode gas is supplied intermittently based on the flow rate and the calculated water balance.
- the calculated water balance is in the wet direction.
- the upper limit value of the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 is reset so as to return to the upper limit value before resetting, and in the cathode gas supply step, the upper limit value of the reset output voltage (original upper limit value)
- the cathode gas flow rate to be supplied is determined based on the value), and the cathode gas is intermittently supplied based on the determined cathode gas flow rate and the calculated water balance.
- the target wet range is reached at once based on the water balance in the fuel cell stack 1. Since the cathode gas is supplied as described above, the wet state in the fuel cell stack 1 can be shifted to the target wet range at an early stage. Thereby, the wet state in the fuel cell stack 1 during the idle stop operation can be quickly optimized. Further, since the upper limit value of the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 and the supply amount of the cathode gas are determined based on the water balance in the fuel cell stack 1, the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 is optimized accurately. be able to.
- the lower limit value of the output voltage may be reset.
- the reset lower limit value of the output voltage may be reset to the original lower limit value.
- the controller 200 or 201 restarts to increase the upper limit value of the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1. It was set and controlled so that the wet state reached the target wet range. In the present embodiment, even in such a situation, the fuel cell stack 1 is wetted by increasing at least one of the supply amount and the supply time of the cathode gas without increasing the upper limit value of the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1. This is different from the first to fifth embodiments in that the state reaches the target wet range.
- the function of the controller 200 of the present embodiment is that the output voltage upper limit resetting unit 270 is omitted, and the determination result of the appropriate wetness range determination unit 260 is directly output to the cathode gas supply control unit 280. Since it is the same as the controller 200 of the first embodiment, in the following description, the operation of the fuel cell system 100 of the present embodiment will be described using the functional block diagram of FIG.
- FIG. 21 is a flowchart illustrating an example of the idle stop operation process executed by the controller 200 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- the controller 200 determines that the idle stop start condition is satisfied in step S1 of the idle stop determination process shown in FIG. 7, the controller 200 executes this idle stop operation process.
- the cathode gas supply controller 280 of the controller 200 first stops the compressor 22 and stops the supply of cathode gas (step S11). Then, the output voltage upper / lower limit setting unit 230 sets the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 during the idle stop operation (step S12).
- the appropriate wet range setting unit 240 sets the proper wet range (the upper limit value and the lower limit value) of the fuel cell stack 1, and sets the target wet range during the idle stop operation (step S41).
- the unit 210 estimates the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 (step S42).
- the appropriate wet range determination unit 260 determines whether or not the estimated wet state is equal to or lower than the lower limit value of the proper wet range (that is, the limit value on the wet side) (step S43). When it is determined that the estimated wet state is equal to or lower than the lower limit value of the proper wet range, the controller 200 shifts the processing flow to step S21.
- the controller 200 (which may be performed by the appropriate wet range determination unit 260) compares the current wet state estimated by the wet state detection unit 210 with the target wet range set in step S41, and compares them. The deviation is calculated (step S21).
- the controller 200 determines the flow rate of the cathode gas to be supplied to the fuel cell stack 1 based on the calculated deviation (step S44).
- the cathode gas supply control unit 280 drives the compressor 22 based on the determined cathode gas flow rate to supply the cathode gas to the fuel cell stack 1 (step S45).
- the appropriate wet range determination unit 260 determines whether or not the wet state estimated by the wet state detection unit 210 has reached the target wet range (step S23).
- the cathode gas supply control unit 280 continues to supply the cathode gas to the fuel cell stack 1 until the estimated wet state reaches the target wet range.
- the cathode gas supply control unit 280 stops the compressor 22 and stops the supply of the cathode gas to the fuel cell stack 1 (step S46). This idle stop operation process is terminated.
- the output voltage determination unit 250 determines that the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 detected by the voltage sensor 52 is the lower limit set in step S12. It is determined whether or not the value is equal to or less than the value (step S14). When it is determined that the output voltage is greater than the lower limit value, the controller 200 ends the idle stop operation process as it is.
- the cathode gas supply control unit 280 drives the compressor 22 to supply the cathode gas to the fuel cell stack 1 (step S15).
- the output voltage determination unit 250 determines whether or not the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 detected by the voltage sensor 52 is equal to or higher than the upper limit value set in step S12 (step S16). If it is determined that the output voltage is less than the upper limit value, the controller 200 stands by in step S16 until the output voltage becomes equal to or higher than the upper limit value.
- the cathode gas supply control unit 280 stops the compressor 22 and stops the supply of the cathode gas to the fuel cell stack 1. (Step S17), and this idle stop operation process is terminated.
- FIG. 22 is a time chart showing the state change of each physical quantity during the idle stop operation process in the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- the cathode gas is rapidly supplied to the fuel cell stack 1 without resetting the upper limit value of the output voltage, thereby quickly reaching the target wet range.
- the description may be abbreviate
- the cathode gas supply control unit 280 continuously supplies the cathode gas to the fuel cell stack 1 (see FIG. 22C).
- the output voltage upper limit value resetting unit 270 does not perform resetting so as to increase the upper limit value of the output voltage, so that a certain amount of output current is taken out by supplying the cathode gas, Produced water is generated as it is.
- the supply flow rate of the cathode gas is relatively large, the amount of generated water discharged from the fuel cell stack 1 is sufficient.
- the cathode gas supply control unit 280 stops the supply of the cathode gas to the fuel cell stack 1, thereby stopping the generation of generated water. Therefore, the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 gradually decreases and reaches the lower limit value of the output voltage as in the normal idle stop operation.
- the cathode gas supply controller 280 intermittently supplies the cathode gas to the fuel cell stack 1 as in the normal idle stop operation.
- the controller 200 performs such control during the idle stop operation, and controls the wet state in the fuel cell stack 1.
- the control method of the fuel cell system 100 of the present embodiment further includes the step of setting the target wetness or target wet range of the fuel cell stack 1 during the idle stop operation, and the detected fuel cell stack 1 Even when it is determined that the wet state of the fuel cell is out of the proper wet range, the reset step does not reset the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 so as to increase the upper limit value, and the cathode gas supply step detects the detected fuel cell. Based on the wet state of the stack 1 and the set target wetness or target wet range, at least one of the cathode gas flow rate and supply time to be supplied is determined, and based on the determined cathode gas flow rate and supply time, The cathode gas was intermittently supplied.
- the upper limit value of the output voltage is increased even when the wet state reaches the lower limit value of the appropriate wet range. Since the resetting is not performed, exposure of the electrolyte membranes and the like of the fuel cells in the fuel cell stack 1 to a high potential can be suppressed. Thereby, it is possible to suppress the progress of the high potential deterioration of the electrolyte membrane, thereby suppressing the performance deterioration of the fuel cell stack 1 and extending the life of the fuel cell stack 1.
- the present invention also determines the supply time as in the fifth embodiment, and the cathode gas supply control unit 280 supplies the cathode gas to the fuel cell stack 1 according to the supply flow rate and the supply time. Good.
- the cathode gas supply control unit 280 may supply the cathode gas to the fuel cell stack 1 according to the supply time.
- control is performed to dry the fuel cell stack 1 by resetting the upper limit value of the output current of the fuel cell stack 1 or supplying a large amount of cathode gas.
- the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 (the wet state of the electrolyte membrane of the fuel cell) is used as the timing to perform has been described.
- the present invention is not limited to the wet state of the fuel cell stack 1 but may be a measurement HFR before the wet state is estimated.
- each block in FIG. 3 and FIG. 10 may detect, acquire, set, or make a determination based on information (data) related to the HFR of the fuel cell stack 1.
- the present invention may use an output voltage of a predetermined amount of fuel cells in the fuel cell stack 1 or an average value of the voltage between terminals of each fuel cell.
- the output voltage upper limit resetting unit 270 resets the output voltage of the fuel cell stack 1 so as to increase the upper limit under a predetermined condition.
- the present invention is not limited to such control.
- the upper limit value and lower limit value of the output voltage that is, the fluctuation range (band)
- the intermediate value thereof may be reset.
- the wet state detection unit is configured by being divided into the impedance measurement device 6 serving as the detection unit and the wet state detection unit 210 of the controller 200 that processes the measurement signal.
- the invention is not limited to such a configuration, and for example, these functions can be configured integrally.
- the case where the supply of the cathode gas to the fuel cell stack 1 is executed by the compressor 22 serving as an actuator of the interface and the cathode gas supply control unit 280 incorporated in the controller 200 will be described.
- the present invention is not limited to such a configuration, and for example, these functions can also be configured integrally as described above.
- the controller 200 includes a microcomputer, and includes a wet state detection unit 210, an output voltage upper and lower limit value setting unit 230, a wet proper range setting unit 240, and an output voltage determination.
- the unit 250, the proper wet range determination unit 260, the output voltage upper limit resetting unit 270, and the cathode gas supply control unit 280 are at least integratedly controlled.
- the output voltage upper limit value resetting unit 270 The output voltage (upper limit value, lower limit value, output range, etc.) is reset, and the controller 200 supplies the cathode gas intermittently at a value between the reset upper limit value and the lower limit value. Needless to say, the gas supply / discharge device 2 is controlled, and control during normal operation other than the idle stop operation is also performed.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Computing Systems (AREA)
- Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Software Systems (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Fuzzy Systems (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の第1実施形態における燃料電池システム100の全体構成の一例を示す図である。本実施形態の燃料電池システム100は、図示しない強電バッテリ及び駆動モータを備える電気自動車(燃料電池自動車)において、この燃料電池(燃料電池スタック)を駆動源の1つとして用いられるものである。
以下、本発明の第2実施形態について、第1実施形態との相違点を主として説明する。なお、燃料電池システム100の全体構成は、第1実施形態と実質的に同様であるので、ここでは、図1を用いて説明することとし、システム全体構成の詳細な説明を省略する。また、本実施形態では、前述した第1実施形態と同様の機能を果たす部分には、同一の符号を用いて重複する説明を適宜省略する。
以下、本発明の第3実施形態について、第2実施形態との相違点を主として説明する。なお、燃料電池システム100の全体構成は、第1実施形態と実質的に同様であるので、ここでは、図1を用いて説明することとし、システム全体構成の詳細な説明を省略する。また、本実施形態では、前述した第1実施形態と同様の機能を果たす部分には、同一の符号を用いて重複する説明を適宜省略する。
以下、本発明の第4実施形態について、第1実施形態との相違点を主として説明する。なお、燃料電池システム100の全体構成は、第1実施形態と実質的に同様であるので、ここでは、図1を用いて説明することとし、システム全体構成の詳細な説明を省略する。また、本実施形態では、前述した第1実施形態と同様の機能を果たす部分には、同一の符号を用いて重複する説明を適宜省略する。
以下、本発明の第5実施形態について、第2実施形態との相違点を主として説明する。なお、燃料電池システム100の全体構成は、第1実施形態と実質的に同様であるので、ここでは、図1を用いて説明することとし、システム全体構成の詳細な説明を省略する。また、本実施形態では、前述した第1実施形態と同様の機能を果たす部分には、同一の符号を用いて重複する説明を適宜省略する。
以下、本発明の第6実施形態について、第1実施形態との相違点を主として説明する。なお、燃料電池システム100の全体構成は、第1実施形態と実質的に同様であるので、ここでは、図1を用いて説明することとし、システム全体構成の詳細な説明を省略する。また、本実施形態では、前述した第1実施形態と同様の機能を果たす部分には、同一の符号を用いて重複する説明を適宜省略する。
Claims (12)
- 負荷の要求出力に応じて燃料電池の発電を選択的に停止し、運転停止時に間欠的に前記燃料電池にカソードガスを供給するアイドルストップ運転を実行可能な燃料電池システムの制御方法であって、
前記アイドルストップ運転中における前記燃料電池の出力電圧の上限値及び下限値を設定するステップと、
前記燃料電池の出力電圧が前記上限値から前記下限値までの間の値で、間欠的にカソードガスを供給するステップと、
前記燃料電池の湿潤状態を検出するステップと、
前記アイドルストップ運転中における前記燃料電池の湿潤状態が適正となる湿潤適正範囲を設定するステップと、
前記検出した燃料電池の湿潤状態が前記設定した湿潤適正範囲内にあるか否かを判定するステップと、
前記検出した燃料電池の湿潤状態が前記設定した湿潤適正範囲から外れたと判定した場合には、前記燃料電池の出力電圧を再設定するステップと、
を含み、
前記カソードガス供給ステップでは、前記燃料電池の出力電圧を再設定した場合には、前記燃料電池の出力電圧が前記再設定した出力電圧の上限値から下限値までの間の値で、間欠的にカソードガスを供給する、
燃料電池システムの制御方法。 - 請求項1に記載の燃料電池システムの制御方法であって、
前記再設定ステップでは、前記検出した燃料電池の湿潤状態が前記設定した湿潤適正範囲から外れたと判定した場合には、前記燃料電池の出力電圧の前記設定した上限値を高めるように再設定する、
燃料電池システムの制御方法。 - 請求項1又は請求項2に記載の燃料電池システムの制御方法であって、
アイドルストップ運転中における前記燃料電池の目標湿潤度又は目標湿潤範囲を設定するステップと、
前記検出した燃料電池の湿潤状態と、前記設定した目標湿潤度又は目標湿潤範囲とに基づいて、前記再設定した燃料電池の出力電圧の上限値及び下限値を再設定前の上限値及び下限値に戻すステップと、
をさらに含む、燃料電池システムの制御方法。 - 請求項3に記載の燃料電池システムの制御方法であって、
前記設定を戻すステップでは、前記検出した燃料電池の湿潤状態が前記設定した目標湿潤度又は目標湿潤範囲に到達した場合には、前記燃料電池の出力電圧が前記再設定前の出力電圧の上限値以下になった後、前記再設定した燃料電池の上限値を再設定前の上限値に戻す、
燃料電池システムの制御方法。 - 請求項3又は請求項4に記載の燃料電池システムの制御方法であって、
前記再設定した出力電圧の上限値から下限値までの間の値で、間欠的にカソードガスを供給する場合には、前記カソードガス供給ステップでは、前記検出した燃料電池の湿潤状態と、前記設定した目標湿潤度又は目標湿潤範囲とに基づいて、供給すべきカソードガス流量及び供給時間を決定し、該決定したカソードガス流量及び供給時間に基づいて、間欠的にカソードガスを供給する、
燃料電池システムの制御方法。 - 請求項1から請求項5までのいずれか1項に記載の燃料電池システムの制御方法であって、
アイドルストップ運転中の燃料電池の水収支を演算するステップをさらに含み、
前記検出した燃料電池の湿潤状態が前記湿潤適正範囲より湿潤側に外れた場合には、前記演算した水収支が乾燥方向になるように、前記再設定ステップでは、少なくとも前記燃料電池の出力電圧の上限値を高めるように再設定するとともに、前記カソードガス供給ステップでは、該再設定した出力電圧の上限値に基づいて、供給すべきカソードガス流量を決定し、該決定したカソードガス流量及び前記演算した水収支に基づいて、間欠的にカソードガスを供給し、
前記検出した燃料電池の湿潤状態が前記湿潤適正範囲より乾燥側に外れた場合には、前記演算した水収支が湿潤方向になるように、前記再設定ステップでは、前記燃料電池の出力電圧の上限値を前記再設定前の上限値に戻すように再設定するとともに、前記カソードガス供給ステップでは、該再設定した出力電圧の上限値に基づいて、供給すべきカソードガス流量を決定し、該決定したカソードガス流量及び前記演算した水収支に基づいて、間欠的にカソードガスを供給する、
燃料電池システムの制御方法。 - 請求項1に記載の燃料電池システムの制御方法であって、
アイドルストップ運転中における前記燃料電池の目標湿潤度又は目標湿潤範囲を設定するステップをさらに含み、
前記検出した燃料電池の湿潤状態が前記湿潤適正範囲から外れたと判定した場合においても、前記再設定ステップでは、前記燃料電池の出力電圧の上限値を高めるように再設定せず、前記カソードガス供給ステップでは、前記検出した燃料電池の湿潤状態と、前記設定した目標湿潤度又は目標湿潤範囲とに基づいて、供給すべきカソードガス流量及び供給時間の少なくとも一方を決定し、該決定したカソードガス流量及び供給時間に基づいて、間欠的にカソードガスを供給する、
燃料電池システムの制御方法。 - 請求項1から請求項7までのいずれか1項に記載の燃料電池システムの制御方法であって、
前記出力電圧の前記再設定した上限値は、前記燃料電池の開回路電圧より高い、
燃料電池システムの制御方法。 - 負荷の要求出力に応じて燃料電池の発電を選択的に停止し、運転停止時にカソードガス供給装置から間欠的に前記燃料電池にカソードガスを供給するアイドルストップ運転を実行可能な燃料電池システムであって、
前記燃料電池の湿潤状態を検出する湿潤状態検出部と、
前記アイドルストップ運転中における前記燃料電池の出力電圧の上限値及び下限値を設定する出力電圧上下限値設定部と、
前記アイドルストップ運転中における前記燃料電池の湿潤状態が適正となる湿潤適正範囲を設定する湿潤適正範囲設定部と、
前記湿潤状態検出部により検出した燃料電池の湿潤状態が前記湿潤適正範囲設定部により設定した湿潤適正範囲内にあるか否かを判定する湿潤適正範囲判定部と、
前記湿潤適正範囲判定部により、前記検出した燃料電池の湿潤状態が前記設定した湿潤適正範囲から外れたと判定された場合には、前記燃料電池の出力電圧を再設定する出力電圧再設定部と、
前記出力電圧上限値再設定部が前記燃料電池の出力電圧を再設定した場合には、前記燃料電池の出力電圧が前記再設定した出力電圧の上限値から下限値までの間の値で、前記カソードガス供給装置から間欠的にカソードガスを供給するように制御する制御部と、
を含む、燃料電池システム。 - 請求項9に記載の燃料電池システムであって、
前記出力電圧再設定部は、前記湿潤適正範囲判定部により、前記検出した燃料電池の湿潤状態が前記設定した湿潤適正範囲から外れたと判定された場合には、前記燃料電池の出力電圧の前記設定した上限値を高めるように再設定する、
燃料電池システム。 - 請求項10に記載の燃料電池システムであって、
アイドルストップ運転中における前記燃料電池の目標湿潤度又は目標湿潤範囲を設定する目標湿潤度設定部をさらに備え、
前記出力電圧再設定部は、前記湿潤状態検出部により検出した燃料電池の湿潤状態と、前記目標湿潤度設定部により設定した目標湿潤度又は目標湿潤範囲とに基づいて、前記再設定した燃料電池の出力電圧の上限値を再設定前の上限値に戻す、
燃料電池システム。 - 請求項10又は請求項11に記載の燃料電池システムであって、
前記出力電圧再設定部により再設定された前記出力電圧の上限値は、前記燃料電池の開回路電圧より高い、
燃料電池システム。
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2017554950A JP6508358B2 (ja) | 2015-12-10 | 2016-09-29 | 燃料電池システムの制御方法及び燃料電池システム |
KR1020187017791A KR101986060B1 (ko) | 2015-12-10 | 2016-09-29 | 연료 전지 시스템의 제어 방법 및 연료 전지 시스템 |
US15/780,413 US10312537B2 (en) | 2015-12-10 | 2016-09-29 | Control method for fuel cell system and fuel cell system |
CA3007912A CA3007912C (en) | 2015-12-10 | 2016-09-29 | Control method for fuel cell system and fuel cell system |
CN201680072255.6A CN108370046B (zh) | 2015-12-10 | 2016-09-29 | 燃料电池系统的控制方法以及燃料电池系统 |
EP16872683.4A EP3389126B1 (en) | 2015-12-10 | 2016-09-29 | Fuel cell system control method and fuel cell system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2015241430 | 2015-12-10 | ||
JP2015-241430 | 2015-12-10 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2017098783A1 true WO2017098783A1 (ja) | 2017-06-15 |
Family
ID=59013934
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2016/078833 WO2017098783A1 (ja) | 2015-12-10 | 2016-09-29 | 燃料電池システムの制御方法及び燃料電池システム |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10312537B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3389126B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6508358B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101986060B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN108370046B (ja) |
CA (1) | CA3007912C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2017098783A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2018060686A (ja) * | 2016-10-05 | 2018-04-12 | 三菱自動車工業株式会社 | 電動車両用の燃料電池システム |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP6258378B2 (ja) * | 2016-02-26 | 2018-01-10 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池システムの制御方法 |
US11063277B2 (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2021-07-13 | Hyundai Motor Company | Method of controlling an ignition of a fuel cell vehicle |
JP7159675B2 (ja) * | 2018-07-25 | 2022-10-25 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池車両および燃料電池車両の制御方法 |
WO2020096574A1 (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2020-05-14 | Nuvera Fuel Cells, LLC | Methods and systems for controlling water imbalance in an electrochemical cell |
AT522319B1 (de) * | 2019-04-26 | 2020-10-15 | Avl List Gmbh | Brennstoffzellensystem, Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Brennstoffzellensystems und Brennstoffzellenfahrzeug |
JP2021051920A (ja) * | 2019-09-25 | 2021-04-01 | ロベルト・ボッシュ・ゲゼルシャフト・ミト・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツングRobert Bosch Gmbh | 燃料電池システム、燃料電池、車両及び方法 |
JP7160013B2 (ja) * | 2019-10-08 | 2022-10-25 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車両に搭載される燃料電池システム |
CN110752393A (zh) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-02-04 | 南京贺普科技有限公司 | 一种车用燃料电池电堆状态监控系统 |
JP7382254B2 (ja) * | 2020-02-26 | 2023-11-16 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池スタックの誤組検査方法 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2010244937A (ja) * | 2009-04-08 | 2010-10-28 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池システム |
WO2012176528A1 (ja) * | 2011-06-21 | 2012-12-27 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP2013161571A (ja) * | 2012-02-02 | 2013-08-19 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池システム |
WO2013150651A1 (ja) * | 2012-04-06 | 2013-10-10 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP2015015193A (ja) * | 2013-07-05 | 2015-01-22 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4930846B2 (ja) * | 2007-07-17 | 2012-05-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム及びその制御方法 |
JP4479787B2 (ja) * | 2007-11-08 | 2010-06-09 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP5508382B2 (ja) | 2011-12-28 | 2014-05-28 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
CN104488123B (zh) * | 2012-07-25 | 2016-09-07 | 日产自动车株式会社 | 燃料电池系统 |
-
2016
- 2016-09-29 CA CA3007912A patent/CA3007912C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2016-09-29 CN CN201680072255.6A patent/CN108370046B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2016-09-29 WO PCT/JP2016/078833 patent/WO2017098783A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2016-09-29 JP JP2017554950A patent/JP6508358B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2016-09-29 KR KR1020187017791A patent/KR101986060B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2016-09-29 US US15/780,413 patent/US10312537B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2016-09-29 EP EP16872683.4A patent/EP3389126B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2010244937A (ja) * | 2009-04-08 | 2010-10-28 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池システム |
WO2012176528A1 (ja) * | 2011-06-21 | 2012-12-27 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP2013161571A (ja) * | 2012-02-02 | 2013-08-19 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池システム |
WO2013150651A1 (ja) * | 2012-04-06 | 2013-10-10 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP2015015193A (ja) * | 2013-07-05 | 2015-01-22 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2018060686A (ja) * | 2016-10-05 | 2018-04-12 | 三菱自動車工業株式会社 | 電動車両用の燃料電池システム |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA3007912A1 (en) | 2017-06-15 |
CN108370046A (zh) | 2018-08-03 |
KR101986060B1 (ko) | 2019-06-04 |
JP6508358B2 (ja) | 2019-05-08 |
EP3389126A4 (en) | 2018-12-05 |
EP3389126B1 (en) | 2020-03-11 |
KR20180075699A (ko) | 2018-07-04 |
CN108370046B (zh) | 2019-03-29 |
US10312537B2 (en) | 2019-06-04 |
CA3007912C (en) | 2019-04-23 |
EP3389126A1 (en) | 2018-10-17 |
US20180358636A1 (en) | 2018-12-13 |
JPWO2017098783A1 (ja) | 2018-10-04 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2017098783A1 (ja) | 燃料電池システムの制御方法及び燃料電池システム | |
KR101837254B1 (ko) | 연료 전지 시스템 및 연료 전지의 운전 제어 방법 | |
JP6477896B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システムの制御装置及び燃料電池システムの制御方法 | |
JP6112882B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システムの起動方法 | |
KR102004112B1 (ko) | 연료 전지 시스템의 습윤 상태 제어 방법 및 습윤 상태 제어 장치 | |
CA2940020C (en) | Fuel cell system and control method for fuel cell system | |
US9853311B2 (en) | Fuel cell system and fuel cell powered vehicle | |
JP5804205B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
US9780397B2 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
JP6432675B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム及び燃料電池システムの制御方法 | |
US10164275B2 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
JP6031564B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システムの起動方法および燃料電池システム | |
JP2004055295A (ja) | 燃料電池システムの制御装置 | |
JP6512047B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システムの湿潤制御装置及び湿潤制御方法 | |
JP6540408B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システムの湿潤制御装置及び湿潤制御方法 | |
WO2016125231A1 (ja) | 燃料電池システム及び燃料電池システムの制御方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 16872683 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2017554950 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 3007912 Country of ref document: CA |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20187017791 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2016872683 Country of ref document: EP |