WO2017096760A1 - 一种外后视镜及车辆使用该外后视镜的调节方法 - Google Patents

一种外后视镜及车辆使用该外后视镜的调节方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017096760A1
WO2017096760A1 PCT/CN2016/083246 CN2016083246W WO2017096760A1 WO 2017096760 A1 WO2017096760 A1 WO 2017096760A1 CN 2016083246 W CN2016083246 W CN 2016083246W WO 2017096760 A1 WO2017096760 A1 WO 2017096760A1
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Prior art keywords
mirror
exterior
angle
rear view
vehicle
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PCT/CN2016/083246
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English (en)
French (fr)
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侯胜锟
曹德州
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侯胜锟
曹德州
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Publication of WO2017096760A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017096760A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
    • B60R1/02—Rear-view mirror arrangements
    • B60R1/06—Rear-view mirror arrangements mounted on vehicle exterior
    • B60R1/062—Rear-view mirror arrangements mounted on vehicle exterior with remote control for adjusting position
    • B60R1/07—Rear-view mirror arrangements mounted on vehicle exterior with remote control for adjusting position by electrically powered actuators
    • B60R1/072—Rear-view mirror arrangements mounted on vehicle exterior with remote control for adjusting position by electrically powered actuators for adjusting the mirror relative to its housing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
    • B60R1/02—Rear-view mirror arrangements
    • B60R1/08—Rear-view mirror arrangements involving special optical features, e.g. avoiding blind spots, e.g. convex mirrors; Side-by-side associations of rear-view and other mirrors
    • B60R1/081—Rear-view mirror arrangements involving special optical features, e.g. avoiding blind spots, e.g. convex mirrors; Side-by-side associations of rear-view and other mirrors avoiding blind spots, e.g. by using a side-by-side association of mirrors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
    • B60R1/02—Rear-view mirror arrangements
    • B60R1/08—Rear-view mirror arrangements involving special optical features, e.g. avoiding blind spots, e.g. convex mirrors; Side-by-side associations of rear-view and other mirrors

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle accessories, and particularly relates to an exterior rearview mirror and a method for adjusting the exterior mirror of the vehicle.
  • Conventional exterior rearview mirrors have a blind zone in a certain area behind the side, which is referred to herein as a conventional external rearview mirror blind zone.
  • the main method to enlarge the field of view of the rearview mirror is to reduce the radius of curvature of the rearview mirror, but the reduction of the radius of curvature may cause distortion of the imaging distortion in the rearview mirror.
  • the driver caused misjudgment and caused a traffic accident. Therefore, the regulatory standards of many countries, including China, have restrictive limits on the minimum radius of curvature of automotive rearview mirrors.
  • One method is to use a double curvature or a variable curvature large field of view rearview mirror. This method mainly considers the imaging difference so that it cannot use a small curvature. Therefore, it is possible to increase the viewing area limitation, and the blind area cannot be completely eliminated, and the lens with double curvature or variable curvature is difficult to process.
  • Another method is to use two mirror combinations, one is a large curvature rear view primary mirror conforming to the standard, and the other is a small curvature rear view auxiliary mirror; the disadvantage of this method is that (1) the curvature of the rear view auxiliary mirror is small.
  • the imaging and the main mirror have large difference in imaging, which is easy to cause misjudgment; (2) due to the defect of the auxiliary mirror design, the auxiliary mirror fails to fully observe the blind area; (3) the overlap between the viewing area of the auxiliary mirror and the main mirror viewing area is too More, it will cause the driver to misjudge; (4) due to the problem of the position of the auxiliary mirror and the adjustment angle, it will still cause a blind spot with a large angle.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the rearview mirror of the prior art has a blind spot and a misjudgment caused by visual differences.
  • the present invention provides an exterior rear view mirror including a mirror group and a casing;
  • the mirror group is composed of a first mirror and a second mirror, the first mirror and the first mirror
  • the two mirrors are vertically disposed in the housing in a vertical direction;
  • the driving mechanism is located in a cavity formed between the mirror group and the housing, respectively connected to the first mirror and the second mirror, and drives the first The mirror and the second mirror rotate in the casing;
  • the first mirror and the second mirror are both convex mirrors, and the first mirror and the second mirror have the same radius of curvature.
  • the first mirror and the second mirror are located in a casing, and on the one hand, the two lenses are closely connected to facilitate the compression observation time and quickly combine the images in the two mirrors to make a comprehensive judgment, and on the other hand, Effectively avoiding the overall size of the exterior mirrors; by setting the mirrors with the same radius of curvature above and below, by adjusting the first mirror and the second mirror, the effect of eliminating the blind area of the conventional exterior mirror can be achieved, and the current situation can be effectively avoided. There are technical differences in the technique due to different curvatures.
  • first mirror and the second mirror are equal in size. Further avoiding the driver's subjective tendency to rely on a certain mirror, and the artificial formation of the first mirror and the second mirror for the division of the main lens and the auxiliary lens is not conducive to comprehensive observation of the rear of the vehicle.
  • the blind area of the conventional exterior mirror can be effectively eliminated, but at the same time, two problems are also brought about. One is to observe two mirrors more than to observe one mirror. Take time, how to effectively compress the observation time? The second is to combine the images in the two mirrors to make a comprehensive judgment. How to do it quickly and accurately?
  • the only preferred solution is: the first mirror and the second mirror have the same radius of curvature, the first mirror and the second mirror are equal in size, and the first mirror and the first mirror The two mirrors are located in a housing. Only this preferred solution can achieve the shortest distance between the two mirrors and minimize the difference between the two mirrors, thereby ensuring the shortest observation time, the shortest judgment time and the highest judgment accuracy.
  • first mirror and/or the second mirror rotate in the housing and form an angle of an angle: the angle formed by the driver's side exterior mirror is 13.5 -17.5 degrees; the angle formed by the front driver's side exterior mirror is 11-15 degrees. This angle is the best angle, which can greatly reduce the blind area of the conventional exterior mirror.
  • first mirror and the second mirror are rotated up, down, left, and right by a driving mechanism in the housing.
  • a gap is formed between the first mirror and the second mirror, and the size of the gap is greater than or equal to half of the thickness of the edge of the first mirror or the second mirror; when the first mirror or the second mirror is reflective
  • the edge thickness of the first or second mirror includes the total thickness of the edge or lens carrier.
  • first mirror and the second mirror are respectively fixed in the housing through the lens carrier, the driving mechanism and the chassis, so as to fix the mirror group; further, the driving mechanism is located in the lens carrier and the chassis. The adjustment of the first mirror and the second mirror is realized.
  • the present invention also discloses a method for adjusting a vehicle using the above exterior rear view mirror, comprising: adjusting an upper and lower height of the exterior rear view mirror; and adjusting the left and right mirrors on the lower side toward the vehicle body direction, and adjusting to five points
  • One of the transverse mirrors shows the body; the first mirror on the upper side is adjusted left and right away from the body direction, and one tenth of the image displayed in the transverse mirror is the second mirror located on the lower side. The images in the image overlap.
  • an angle is formed between the first mirror and the second mirror, and an angle formed by the driver's side exterior mirror is 13.5-17.5. Degree; the angle formed by the front passenger's side exterior mirror is 11-15 degrees.
  • the vehicle uses the above-described exterior rear view mirror, and the observation angle of the front passenger side exterior mirror is 0-40.365 degrees.
  • the exterior rear view mirror of the present invention includes a mirror group and a casing; the mirror group is composed of a first mirror and a second mirror, and the first mirror and the second mirror are vertical
  • the driving mechanism is disposed in the cavity formed between the mirror group and the housing, and is respectively connected to the first mirror and the second mirror, and drives the first mirror and the second reflector
  • the mirror rotates within the housing.
  • the body vision concept is established by combining two mirrors that can respectively adjust the angle of rotation, instead of the planar vision concept of the conventional monolithic mirror, by adjusting the angles of the two mirrors separately, plus the left and right sets of exterior mirrors. Combined, a comprehensive observation of the rear of the vehicle from the left outer side, the left inner side to the right inner side and the right outer side is realized, and the conventional outer rearview mirror blind zone is greatly effectively reduced.
  • the exterior rearview mirror of the present invention, the first mirror and the second mirror are the most popular convex mirrors in conventional exterior rearview mirrors, and the radius of curvature of the first mirror and the second mirror the same. If the curvature radius of the upper and lower mirrors is different, the reflection scene will be different, which will easily cause visual interference, which is not conducive to the observation of the rear of the vehicle. At the same time, it is easy for the driver to subjectively rely on a certain mirror, artificially forming the opposite.
  • a mirror and a second mirror divide the main lens and the auxiliary lens, which is not conducive to comprehensive observation of the rear of the vehicle; and the same radius of curvature of the first mirror and the second mirror can effectively solve the problem and avoid the driver Consciously and unconsciously observe the phenomenon that the time stays too long on a certain lens, in case of unexpected situations, the reaction is not enough.
  • the exterior rear view mirror of the present invention, the first mirror and the second mirror are equal in size. If the size of the first mirror and the second mirror are not equal, the range of the specular reflection scene may be different, which may also cause the driver to subjectively rely on a certain mirror, artificially forming the division of the main lens and the auxiliary lens for the lens. In case of unexpected situations, the reaction is not as good.
  • the first mirror and the second mirror of the present invention are unequal in size, further avoiding the fact that the subjective consciousness causes the division of the primary and secondary lenses without causing a comprehensive observation and causing a sudden reaction failure; the size equalization further makes the two The difference between the mirrors is minimized, the judgment time is shortened and the accuracy of the judgment is improved; the size equalization can be beneficial for effectively adjusting the angle of the mirror group, widening the field of view, and effectively eliminating the blind area of the conventional exterior mirror.
  • the exterior rearview mirror of the present invention the first mirror and the second mirror are located in the casing, and the casing is one if the first mirror and the second mirror are located in two casings
  • the casing is one if the first mirror and the second mirror are located in two casings
  • a gap is provided between the first mirror and the second mirror, which can effectively avoid mutual interference between the rotation adjustments.
  • the exterior rear view mirror of the present invention the first mirror and the second mirror form an angle of an angle, the angle is: the angle formed by the driver's side exterior mirror is 13.5-17.5 Degree; the angle formed by the front passenger's side exterior mirror is 11-15 degrees.
  • the invention finds through the series of debugging experiments such as testing and verification that when the angle between the first mirror and the second mirror is adjusted: the angle formed by the driver's side exterior mirror is 13.5-17.5 degrees; when the angle formed by the front driver's side exterior mirror is 11-15 degrees, it is the best observation angle of the rearview mirror, which can greatly reduce the blind area of the conventional exterior mirror.
  • the exterior rear view mirror of the present invention wherein the first mirror and the second mirror are driven in the housing
  • the mechanism rotates up and down, left and right, and the first mirror and the second mirror can be independently adjusted for rotation, and do not affect each other, and the optimal adjustment angle is set.
  • the vehicle of the present invention can effectively and effectively reduce the dead zone of the conventional exterior mirror by using the adjustment method of the exterior mirror, and the body is displayed by adjusting the second mirror on the lower side to one-fifth of the transverse mirror. Up to this, on the basis of this, one tenth of the images displayed in the lateral mirror of the upper first mirror are overlapped with the image in the second mirror located on the lower side.
  • the adjustment method can not only eliminate the blind zone, but also bring the driver an intuitive and coherent super-viewing experience from the inside to the outside of the vehicle. It effectively solves the problem that the conventional exterior mirrors can not fully grasp the safety when driving the driver's door in many situations, such as changing lanes, due to its inherent limitations.
  • the vehicle of the present invention uses the exterior rear view mirror, and the visible angle is 0-40.365 degrees, and the visible range is wide.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of an exterior rear view mirror of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the effect of adjusting the right exterior mirror according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the right outer rear view mirror of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the cut surface of the exterior rear view mirror of Embodiment 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the test of the right outer mirror of the sedan of the third embodiment
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the test of the right outer mirror of the business wagon of the fourth embodiment
  • An exterior rear view mirror as shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , includes a mirror group and a casing 1 , wherein the mirror group is composed of a first mirror 2 and a second mirror 3 , wherein the A mirror 2 and a second mirror 3 are vertically disposed in the housing 1 in a vertical direction, the housing 1 is a driving mechanism 6, and a cavity formed between the mirror group and the housing 1 8 is respectively connected to the first mirror 2 and the second mirror 3, and drives the first mirror 2 and the second mirror 3 to rotate in the casing 1;
  • the light mirror 2 and the second mirror 3 are the most popular convex mirrors in conventional exterior rearview mirrors, and the first mirror 2 and the second mirror 3 have the same radius of curvature.
  • the above technical solution is the core technical solution of the present invention, and the body vision concept is established by combining two mirrors that can respectively adjust the angle, instead of the planar vision concept of the conventional single mirror, the first mirror 2 and the second mirror 3
  • the radius of curvature is the same.
  • Adjusting the angle of the two mirrors, combined with the combination of the left and right exterior mirrors, enables a more comprehensive observation of the rear of the vehicle from the left outer side, the left inner side to the right inner side and the right outer side, which can achieve a substantial and effective reduction of conventional Rear view mirror blind zone.
  • the size of the first mirror 2 and the second mirror 3 are equal. Further avoiding the driver's subjective tendency to rely on a certain mirror, and artificially forming the main mirror and the auxiliary lens for the first mirror 2 and the second mirror 3, is not conducive to comprehensive observation of the rear of the vehicle; The rearview mirror field of view effectively eliminates the blind area of the conventional exterior mirror.
  • first mirror 2 and the second mirror 3 rotate in the casing 1 and form an angle ⁇ of a certain angle, and the angle ⁇ is measured by first adjusting the lower side.
  • the second mirror is oriented to the right and left direction, and then the second mirror is used as a reference to adjust the left and right first mirrors away from the vehicle body until the image in the first mirror and the second mirror When the image in the image has and only overlaps in a certain range, the angle formed between the first mirror and the second mirror is ⁇ .
  • the angle ⁇ formed by the driver's seat side exterior mirror is 13.5-17.5 degrees; the angle formed by the front driver side exterior mirror is 11-15 degrees.
  • the first mirror 2 and the second mirror 3 are respectively connected to the driving mechanism 6 and can be independently rotated by a certain angle, wherein the angle ⁇ between the first mirror 2 and the second mirror 3 is on the driver's side.
  • the angle ⁇ formed by the mirror is 13.5-17.5 degrees; when the angle ⁇ formed by the front driver's side exterior mirror is 11-15 degrees, it is the best angle, which can greatly reduce the blind area of the conventional exterior mirror.
  • the angle ⁇ formed by the driver's seat side exterior mirror is 15.5 degrees; the angle formed by the passenger's seat side exterior mirror is 13 degrees.
  • first mirror 2 and the second mirror 3 are rotated up, down, left, and right by the drive mechanism 6 in the casing 1.
  • first mirror 2 and the second mirror 3 respectively pass through the lens carrier 5 and the driving machine
  • the structure 6 and the chassis 7 are fixed in the casing 1 to fix the mirror group; further, the driving mechanism 6 is located between the lens carrier 5 and the chassis 7, and realizes the first mirror 2 and the second reflection.
  • the adjustment of the mirror 3, and the drive mechanism 6, the lens carrier 5 and the chassis 7 are two sets.
  • the chassis 7 can also be combined into one group, which is shared by the two sets of drive mechanisms 6.
  • a gap W is formed between the first mirror 2 and the second mirror 3, and the size of the gap W is greater than or equal to half of the thickness of the edge of the first mirror 2 or the second mirror 3, this embodiment The size of the gap W is equal to half the thickness of the edge of the first mirror 2 or the second mirror 3, and the thickness of the edge of the first mirror 2 or the second mirror 3 includes the thickness of the lens carrier 5.
  • the vehicle uses the adjustment method of the exterior rear view mirror of the present invention.
  • the adjustment method of the first mirror on the upper side in the present invention we first determine the following adjustment principles in the test process, one is that the operation is convenient and reliable, and the other is to ensure that the images in the upper and lower lenses have a certain range.
  • the overlap is as large as possible to meet the requirements of the two lenses combined for observation and judgment, and to maximize the perspective of the outward diffusion of the two sides of the vehicle.
  • the vehicle adopts the adjustment method of the exterior rearview mirror of the present invention, comprising: adjusting the height of the external rearview mirror; as shown in FIG. 2, the second mirror 3 located on the lower side is adjusted to the left and right direction of the vehicle body, and is adjusted to five.
  • One of the mirrors shows the body, that is, one-fifth body image 4 is formed on the second mirror 3; the first mirror 2 on the upper side is adjusted from left to right away from the body to the image in the mirror Only one tenth is overlapped with the image in the second mirror located on the lower side, that is, one tenth of the superimposed image 9 shared with the second mirror 3 is formed on the first mirror 2.
  • the above is the core content of the adjustment method of the exterior rearview mirror of the present invention.
  • the adjustment method is simple and practical. Easy to master, operability, safety and reliability, and remarkable results.
  • the driver's seat adjusting the driver's seat to a suitable position; the head begins to adjust against the headrest (mainly determining the reference point, which needs to be readjusted when the seat position changes);
  • the right upper first mirror 2 is adjusted left and right, and only one tenth of the images in the transverse mirror overlap with the image in the lower right second mirror.
  • an angle ⁇ is formed between the first mirror and the second mirror, and the angle ⁇ is driving
  • the angle ⁇ formed by the side exterior mirror is 13.5-17.5 degrees; the angle ⁇ formed by the front exterior side mirror is 11-15 degrees.
  • the driver's seat side is the left side
  • the first passenger's seat side is the right side
  • the left side exterior mirror forms an angle ⁇ of 15.5 degrees
  • the right side exterior mirror forms an angle ⁇ of 13 degrees.
  • the exterior mirror adjustment experiment is carried out with reference to the driver's seat on the left and the passenger's seat on the right. Since the blind spot phenomenon on the side of the passenger's passenger seat has a greater influence on the driver, this experiment focuses on the comparison test between the conventional rearview mirror and the exterior rearview mirror of the present invention.
  • A is the upper right first mirror of the present invention
  • B is the lower right second mirror of the present invention
  • the conventional right rear Sight glass the sedan is 4800mm long and 1850mm wide, and the distance from the exterior mirror to the rear is 3000mm.
  • a number of reference test vehicles are placed at the right end of the vehicle to the right.
  • the mirror is adjusted to one-fifth of the transverse mirror to show the body.
  • This embodiment is similar to the third embodiment. This embodiment changes the test vehicle and tests it for a test vehicle with a more popular commercial wagon.
  • the reference driver's seat is on the left side and the passenger's seat is on the right side. Since the blind spot phenomenon on the side of the passenger's passenger seat has a greater influence on the driver, this experiment focuses on the comparison test between the conventional rearview mirror and the exterior rearview mirror of the present invention.
  • A is the upper right first mirror of the invention
  • B is the second lower right mirror of the present invention, and a conventional right rear view mirror
  • the length of the vehicle is 5200 mm
  • the width is 1850mm
  • the distance from the exterior mirror to the rear of the car is 3400mm.
  • the right outer rearview mirror of the present invention and the adjusting method thereof are used for testing.
  • the adjustment of the lower right second mirror is adjusted to one-fifth of the transverse mirror to indicate the vehicle body, and the upper right first reflecting is adjusted.
  • Mirror only one tenth of the image adjusted to the transverse mirror overlaps with the image in the second lower right mirror.
  • the angle ⁇ formed by the first mirror and the second mirror is 12.350 degrees.
  • the driver's observation angle to the right rear side is greatly increased from 20.925° when using the conventional right rear view mirror to 39.472°, and the conventional outer and rear are reduced.
  • the effect of the blind area of the mirror is remarkable, and in contrast to the embodiment 3, the exterior mirror of the present invention
  • the viewing angle is less affected by the different aspects of the car body.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rear-View Mirror Devices That Are Mounted On The Exterior Of The Vehicle (AREA)

Abstract

一种外后视镜及车辆使用该外后视镜的调节方法，包括反光镜组和壳体（1），所述反光镜组由第一反光镜（2）和第二反光镜（3）组成，所述第一反光镜（2）和第二反光镜（3）沿竖直方向上下设置于所述壳体（1）内；驱动机构（6），位于反光镜组与壳体（1）之间形成的空腔（8）内，分别与第一反光镜（2）、第二反光镜（3）连接，并驱动第一反光镜（2）、第二反光镜（3）在所述壳体（1）内转动；所述第一反光镜（2）和第二反光镜（3）均为凸面镜，所述第一反光镜（2）和第二反光镜（3）的曲率半径相同。该外后视镜可有效消减常规外后视镜盲区现象，减少视觉差异，减少误判，该外后视镜调节方法可靠实用。

Description

一种外后视镜及车辆使用该外后视镜的调节方法 技术领域
本发明属于车辆配件技术领域，具体涉及一种外后视镜及车辆使用该外后视镜的调节方法。
背景技术
常规外后视镜存在侧后方一定区域的盲区，本文称作常规外后视镜盲区。
有资料表明，许多交通事故，特别是在汽车变换车道时的交通事故，都是由于常规外后视镜盲区，驾驶员无法观察到侧后方来车造成的。因此如何有效消除常规外后视镜盲区成为汽车后视镜设计的重点。
由光学原理可知，当后视镜的尺寸一定时，要扩大后视镜的视野的主要方法是减小后视镜的曲率半径，但是曲率半径减小会使后视镜中成像变形失真，给驾驶员造成误判断，引发交通事故。因此包括我国在内的许多国家的法规标准都对汽车后视镜的最小曲率半径有限制性的规定。
为了符合规定，又能减小盲区，现行的做法一般有两种，一个方法是:采用双曲率或变曲率大视野后视镜，该方法主要是考虑成像差别，使之不能用较小的曲率，因而所能增大视区有限，不能完全消除盲区，而且这种双曲率或变曲率的镜片加工难度较大。
另一个方法是:采用两块镜面组合，一块是符合标准规定的大曲率后视主镜，一块是小曲率的后视辅镜；这种做法的缺点是(1)后视辅镜的曲率小，成像与主镜的成像差别大，易造成误判断；(2)由于辅镜设计缺陷，造成辅镜没能完全观察到盲区；(3)辅镜的视区与主镜视区的重叠太多，会造成驾驶员误判断；(4)由于辅助镜设置位置和调节角度的问题，仍然会造成存在较大角度的盲区。
那么如何有效改进后视镜，消除常规外后视镜盲区，减少视觉差异，减少判断时间，减少误判，提高判断准确性，是我们进一步解决改进的问题。
发明内容
为此，本发明所要解决的技术问题在于现有技术的后视镜存在盲区，以及视觉差异造成的误判。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种外后视镜，包括反光镜组和壳体；所述反光镜组由第一反光镜和第二反光镜组成，所述第一反光镜和第二反光镜沿竖直方向上下设置于所述壳体内；驱动机构，位于反光镜组与壳体之间形成的空腔内，分别与第一反光镜、第二反光镜连接，并驱动第一反光镜、第二反光镜在所述壳体内转动；所述第一反光镜和第二反光镜均为凸面镜，所述第一反光镜和第二反光镜的曲率半径相同。
本发明技术方案，第一反光镜和第二反光镜位于一个壳体内，一方面因两块镜片紧相连便于压缩观察时间以及迅速结合两块反光镜内的影像做出综合判断，另一方面能够有效避免外后视镜总体尺寸过大；通过上下设置曲率半径相同的反光镜，通过调节第一反光镜和第二反光镜，可以达到消除常规外后视镜盲区的效果，同时可以有效避免现有技术中因为曲率不同而造成的视觉差异。
进一步地，所述第一反光镜和第二反光镜的大小对等。进一步避免驾驶人员主观上倾向于依赖某一块反光镜，而人为的形成对第一反光镜和第二反光镜进行主镜片与辅助镜片的划分，不利于对车辆后方进行全面观察。通过本专利后视镜两块反光镜立体组合的方式，固然可以有效消除常规外后视镜盲区，但同时也带来了两个问题，一是观察两块反光镜要比观察一块反光镜多花时间，如何有效压缩观察时间？二是要结合两块反光镜内的影像进行综合判断，如何做到既迅速又准确？通过大量的试验和比选，我们发现唯一的优选方案是：第一反光镜和第二反光镜的曲率半径相同、第一反光镜和第二反光镜的大小对等以及第一反光镜和第二反光镜位于一个壳体内。只有该优选方案才能够同时做到两块反光镜之间的距离最短以及两块反光镜之间的差异化最小，从而确保观察时间最短、判断时间最短以及判断准确性最高。
进一步地，所述第一反光镜和/或第二反光镜在所述壳体内转动，并形成一定角度的夹角，所述夹角为：驾驶座侧外后视镜形成的夹角为13.5-17.5度；副驾驶座侧外后视镜形成的夹角为11-15度。该角度为最佳角度，可以实现大幅有效消减常规外后视镜盲区。
进一步地，所述第一反光镜和第二反光镜在所述壳体内通过驱动机构上下左右转动。
进一步地，所述第一反光镜和第二反光镜之间具有间隙，所述间隙的尺寸为大于等于第一反光镜或第二反光镜边缘厚度的一半；当第一反光镜或第二反光镜边缘存在包边或镜片载体时，第一反光镜或第二反光镜边缘厚度包括包边或镜片载体的总厚度。
进一步地，所述第一反光镜和第二反光镜分别通过镜片载体、驱动机构及底架固定于所述壳体内，实现对反光镜组的固定；进一步，驱动机构位于镜片载体和底架之间，实现对第一反光镜与第二反光镜的调节。
同时，本发明还公开了车辆使用上述外后视镜的调节方法，包括：对外后视镜进行上下高度调节；对位于下侧的第二反光镜进行左右朝车身方向的调节，调节至五分之一横向镜面显示的是车身为止；对位于上侧的第一反光镜进行左右朝远离车身方向的调节，至横向镜面中显示的影像有十分之一是和位于下侧的第二反光镜中的影像重叠为止。
进一步地，对第一反光镜、第二反光镜进行左右调节后，所述第一反光镜和第二反光镜之间形成夹角，驾驶座侧外后视镜形成的夹角为13.5-17.5度；副驾驶座侧外后视镜形成的夹角为11-15度。
车辆使用上述的外后视镜，所述副驾驶座侧外后视镜的观察角度为0-40.365度。
本发明的上述技术方案相比现有技术具有以下优点：
(1)本发明的外后视镜，包括反光镜组和壳体；所述反光镜组由第一反光镜和第二反光镜组成，所述第一反光镜和第二反光镜沿竖直方向上下设置于所述壳体内；驱动机构，位于反光镜组与壳体之间形成的空腔内，分别与第一反光镜、第二反光镜连接，并驱动第一反光镜、第二反光镜在所述壳体内转动。通过两块分别可以转动调节角度的反光镜组合成立体视觉概念，取代常规的单块反光镜的平面视觉概念，通过分别调节两块反光镜的角度，再加上左右两组外后视镜相结合，实现对车辆后方从左外侧、左内侧再到右内侧、右外侧比较全面的观察，大幅有效消减常规外后视镜盲区。
(2)本发明的外后视镜，所述第一反光镜和第二反光镜均为常规外后视镜中最为普及的凸面镜，所述第一反光镜和第二反光镜的曲率半径相同。如果上下两块反光镜曲率半径不同，反射景象会存在差异，容易造成视觉干扰，不利于对车辆后方的观察，同时容易造成驾驶人员在主观上倾向于依赖某一块反光镜，人为地形成对第一反光镜和第二反光镜进行主镜片和辅助镜片的划分，不利于对车辆后方的全面观察；而通过第一反光镜和第二反光镜的曲率半径相同可以有效解决该问题，避免驾驶人员有意识、无意识地在某一块镜片上观察时间停留过长的现象，万一遇到突发情况，反应不及。
(3)本发明的外后视镜，所述第一反光镜和第二反光镜的大小对等。若第一反光镜和第二反光镜大小不等，镜面反射景象范围存在差异，同样也可能会造成驾驶人员在主观上依赖某一块反光镜，人为地形成对镜片进行主镜片和辅助镜片的划分，万一遇到突发情况，反应不及。本发明的设置第一反光镜和第二反光镜大小对等，进一步避免人为主观意识造成主辅镜片的划分而不能造成全面观察而造成突发情况反应不及的后果；大小对等进一步使两块反光镜之间的差异化最小，缩短判断时间以及提高判断的准确性；大小对等可以有利于有效调节反光镜组的角度，扩大视野，有效实现消除常规外后视镜盲区。
(4)本发明的外后视镜，所述第一反光镜和第二反光镜位于所述壳体内，所述壳体为一个，若第一反光镜和第二反光镜位于两个壳体内，一方面不利于压缩观察时间以及迅速结合两块反光镜中的影像做出综合判断，另一方面会导致后视镜总体尺寸过大，不利于实际应用。
(5)本发明的外后视镜，所述第一反光镜和第二反光镜之间设置间隙，可以有效避免旋转调节之间的相互干扰。
(6)本发明的外后视镜，所述第一反光镜和第二反光镜形成一定角度的夹角，所述夹角为：驾驶座侧外后视镜形成的夹角为13.5-17.5度；副驾驶座侧外后视镜形成的夹角为11-15度。本发明在对外后视镜设计的基础上，通过测试、验证等一系列调试研究发现，当第一反光镜和第二反光镜的调节夹角：驾驶座侧外后视镜形成的夹角为13.5-17.5度；副驾驶座侧外后视镜形成的夹角为11-15度时，为后视镜最佳观测角度，可以实现大幅有效消减常规外后视镜盲区。
(7)本发明的外后视镜，所述第一反光镜和第二反光镜在所述壳体内通过驱动 机构上下左右转动，所述第一反光镜和第二反光镜分别可以单独进行转动调节，互不影响，设置最佳调节角度。
(8)本发明的车辆使用该外后视镜的调节方法，能够大幅有效的实现消减常规外后视镜盲区，通过调节下侧的第二反光镜至五分之一横向镜面显示的是车身为止，在此基础上，调节上侧第一反光镜的横向镜面中显示的影像有十分之一是和位于下侧的第二反光镜中的影像重叠为止。该调节方法通过调节外后视镜的上下两块反光镜至合适的角度，不仅能够实现消除盲区，而且还能够带给驾驶人员对车辆后方从偏内侧到偏外侧直观且连贯的超大视野观察体验，有效解决常规外后视镜因其固有的局限性而带给驾驶人员在诸多情况下比如变换车道时、在路边停车开车门时对安全无法充分把握的困扰。
(9)本发明的车辆使用该外后视镜，可视夹角为0-40.365度，可视范围广。
附图说明
图1为本发明外后视镜示意图；
图2为本发明实施例2右外后视镜调节后的效果示意图；
图3为本发明右外后视镜调节后的角度示意图；
图4为实施例1外后视镜切面示意图；
图5为实施例3三厢轿车右外后视镜测试示意图；
图6为实施例4商务旅行车右外后视镜测试示意图；
其中，1，壳体；2，第一反光镜；3，第二反光镜；4，车身影像；5，镜片载体；6，驱动机构；7，底架；8，空腔；9，重叠影像。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种外后视镜，如图1、图3、图4所示，包括反光镜组、壳体1，所述反光镜组由第一反光镜2、第二反光镜3组成，所述第一反光镜2和第二反光镜3沿竖直方向上下设置于所述壳体1内，所述壳体1为一个；驱动机构6，位于反光镜组与壳体1之间形成的空腔8内，分别与第一反光镜2、第二反光镜3连接，并驱动第一反光镜2、第二反光镜3在所述壳体1内转动；所述第一反 光镜2和第二反光镜3均为常规外后视镜中最为普及的凸面镜，所述第一反光镜2和第二反光镜3的曲率半径相同。
上述技术方案是本发明的核心技术方案，通过两块分别可以调节角度的反光镜组合成立体视觉概念，取代常规的单块反光镜的平面视觉概念，第一反光镜2和第二反光镜3曲率半径相同，在观察后视镜时就不会人为地形成主镜片和辅助镜片的划分，可以实现对车辆后方的全面观察；同时由于曲率半径相同就不容易对驾驶人员造成视觉干扰；通过分别调节两块反光镜的角度，再加上左右两组外后视镜相结合，实现对车辆后方从左外侧、左内侧再到右内侧、右外侧比较全面的观察，可以实现大幅有效消减常规外后视镜盲区。
进一步地，所述第一反光镜2和第二反光镜3的大小对等。进一步避免驾驶人员主观上倾向于依赖某一块反光镜，而人为的形成对第一反光镜2和第二反光镜3进行主镜片与辅助镜片的划分，不利于对车辆后方进行全面观察；同时扩大后视镜视野，有效实现消除常规外后视镜盲区。
进一步地，所述第一反光镜2和第二反光镜3在所述壳体1内转动，并形成一定角度的夹角θ，所述夹角θ的测算方法为：先调节位于下侧的第二反光镜左右方向至合适位置，然后以第二反光镜为参照，进行对位于上侧的第一反光镜左右朝远离车身方向的调节，直到第一反光镜中的影像和第二反光镜中的影像有且只有一定范围重叠时，第一反光镜和第二反光镜之间所形成的夹角即为θ。按照本发明的调节法经过反复测试得知驾驶座侧外后视镜形成的夹角θ为13.5-17.5度；副驾驶座侧外后视镜形成的夹角θ为11-15度。第一反光镜2和第二反光镜3分别与驱动机构6连接，能够独立转动一定角度，其中当第一反光镜2与第二反光镜3之间的夹角θ在驾驶座侧外后视镜形成的夹角θ为13.5-17.5度；副驾驶座侧外后视镜形成的夹角θ为11-15度时，为最佳角度，可以实现大幅有效消减常规外后视镜盲区。本实施例中，驾驶座侧外后视镜形成的夹角θ为15.5度；副驾驶座侧外后视镜形成的夹角θ为13度。
进一步地，所述第一反光镜2和第二反光镜3在所述壳体1内通过驱动机构6上下左右转动。
进一步地，所述第一反光镜2和第二反光镜3分别通过镜片载体5、驱动机 构6及底架7固定于所述壳体1内，实现对反光镜组的固定；进一步，驱动机构6位于镜片载体5和底架7之间，实现对第一反光镜2与第二反光镜3的调节，且驱动机构6、镜片载体5和底架7为两套。作为变形，底架7亦可合并为一组，由两套驱动机构6共用。
进一步地，所述第一反光镜2和第二反光镜3之间具有间隙W，所述间隙W的尺寸为大于等于第一反光镜2或第二反光镜3边缘厚度的一半，本实施例中，间隙W的尺寸等于第一反光镜2或第二反光镜3边缘厚度的一半，第一反光镜2或第二反光镜3边缘厚度包括镜片载体5的厚度。
实施例2
车辆使用本发明外后视镜的调节法。
关于本发明中位于下侧的第二反光镜的调节方法，测试过程中我们首先确定了以下调节原则，一是操作方便可靠，二是在能够看到两侧车身达到基本满足日常行车和倒车要求的前提下尽量扩大车辆两侧向外扩散的视角。经过反复测试比选，我们发现当位于下侧的第二反光镜左右朝车身方向调节至镜面中五分之一显示的是车身时，可以同时较好地满足上述原则。
关于本发明中位于上侧的第一反光镜的调节方法，测试过程中我们首先确定了以下调节原则，一是操作方便可靠，二是在保证上下两块镜片中的影像有且只有一定范围的重叠达到基本满足两块镜片结合起来观察和判断的要求的前提下尽量扩大车辆两侧向外扩散的视角。经过反复测试比选，我们发现当第一反光镜左右朝远离车身方向调节至镜面中只有十分之一的影像是和第二反光镜中的影像重叠时，可以同时较好地满足上述原则。
车辆使用本发明外后视镜的调节方法，包括，对外后视镜进行上下高度调节；如图2所示，对位于下侧的第二反光镜3进行左右朝车身方向的调节，调节至五分之一镜面显示的是车身，即在第二反光镜3上形成五分之一车身影像4；对位于上侧的第一反光镜2进行左右朝远离车身方向的调节，至镜面中的影像只有十分之一是和位于下侧的第二反光镜中的影像重叠为止，即在第一反光镜2上形成十分之一的与第二反光镜3共有的重叠影像9。
上述为本发明外后视镜的调节方法的核心内容，通过调节车辆左右两侧的外后视镜，实现大幅有效消减常规外后视镜盲区的效果，该调节方法，简单实用， 易于掌握，可操作性强，安全可靠，效果显著。
具体地：调整驾驶座椅至合适位置；头靠在靠枕上开始调节(主要是确定参照点，当座椅位置发生变化时需要重新调节)；
对左下第二反光镜进行左右调节，调节至五分之一横向镜面显示的是车身为止(上下高度调节参照常规调节方法，下同)；
对左上第一反光镜进行左右调节，至横向镜面中的影像只有十分之一是和左下第二反光镜中的影像重叠为止；
对右下第二反光镜3进行左右调节，调节至五分之一横向镜面显示的是车身为止；
对右上第一反光镜2进行左右调节，至横向镜面中的影像只有十分之一是和右下第二反光镜中的影像重叠为止。
特别提醒：按照本方法调节之后，从上侧的第一反光镜中一点也看不到车身，这样万一镜片发生移位不好察觉，所以要求每次开车之前照此方法重新确认第一反光镜位置，以防镜片意外移位，误导驾驶人员观察和判断。
作为优选，对左侧和右侧的第一反光镜、第二反光镜分别进行左右调节后，所述第一反光镜和第二反光镜之间形成夹角θ，所述夹角θ：驾驶座侧外后视镜形成的夹角θ为13.5-17.5度；副驾驶座侧外后视镜形成的夹角θ为11-15度。本实施例中，驾驶座侧为左侧，副驾驶坐侧为右侧，左侧外后视镜形成的夹角θ为15.5度，右侧外后视镜形成的夹角θ为13度。
实施例3
外后视镜调节实验测试，参照驾驶座位于左侧，副驾驶座位于右侧。由于车辆的副驾驶座一侧的盲区现象对驾驶人员影响更大一些，所以本实验重点对该侧进行常规后视镜与本发明外后视镜的对比试验。
本实施例是以一款较为普及的三厢轿车为测试用车，如图5所示，A为本发明右上第一反光镜；B为本发明右下第二反光镜，以及常规的右后视镜，该三厢轿车长4800mm，宽1850mm，外后视镜至车尾部距离3000mm。
在车辆尾部平齐向右的位置摆放若干辆参照试验车辆。
先用常规右外后视镜试验，把反光镜调节到横向镜面中五分之一显示的是车身为止，这时我们观察到在车辆尾部平齐向右的位置CD＝1200mm处才看不见右后侧车辆，测算可视夹角∠CBD＝21.801°。
再用本发明右外后视镜及其调节方法进行试验，因右下第二反光镜和常规右后视镜调节角度一样，测得可视夹角也一样，∠CBD＝21.801°。按照本发明的调节方法调节右上第一反光镜，调节至横向镜面中的影像只有十分之一是和右下第二反光镜中的影像重叠，这时我们观察到从右上第一反光镜中在车辆尾部平齐向右的位置CE＝2550mm处才看不见右后侧车辆，这样，测算出使用本发明右外后视镜总的可视夹角达到了∠CAE＝40.365°。
对比试验可以看出，使用本发明右外后视镜及其调节方法，驾驶人员对右后侧的观察角度由使用常规右外后视镜时的21.801°大幅增加到了40.365°，消减常规外后视镜盲区的效果显著。
实施例4
本实施例与实施例3相似，本实施例改变测试用车，以一款较为普及的商务旅行车为测试用车进行测试。
参照驾驶座位于左侧，副驾驶座位于右侧。由于车辆的副驾驶座一侧的盲区现象对驾驶人员影响更大一些，所以本实验重点对右侧进行常规后视镜与本发明外后视镜的对比试验。
如图6所示，为一款较为普及的商务旅行车，A为本发明右上第一反光镜；B为本发明右下第二反光镜，以及常规的右后视镜，该车长5200mm，宽1850mm，外后视镜至车尾部距离3400mm。
测试方式与实施例3相同，即先用常规右外后视镜试验，把反光镜调节到横向镜面中五分之一显示的是车身为止，这时我们观察到在车辆尾部平齐向右的位置CD＝1300mm处才看不见右后侧车辆，测算可视夹角∠CBD＝20.925°。
再用本发明右外后视镜及其调节方法进行试验，按照本发明的调节方法，调节右下第二反光镜调节到横向镜面中五分之一显示的是车身为止，调节右上第一反光镜，调节至横向镜面中的影像只有十分之一是和右下第二反光镜中的影像重叠，此时，第一反光镜与第二反光镜形成的夹角θ为12.350度，这时我们观察到从外后视镜中在车辆尾部平齐向右的位置CE＝2800mm处才看不见右后侧车辆，这样，测算出使用本发明右外后视镜总的可视夹角达到了∠CAE＝39.427°。
以商务旅行车为测试车辆，使用本发明右后视镜及其调节方法，驾驶人员对右后侧的观察角度由使用常规右后视镜时的20.925°大幅增加到了39.472°，消减常规外后视镜盲区的效果显著，同时与实施例3相对比，本发明的外后视镜的 可视角度受车体的不同影响较小。
显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例，而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种外后视镜，其特征在于，包括反光镜组和壳体；
    所述反光镜组由第一反光镜和第二反光镜组成，所述第一反光镜和第二反光镜沿竖直方向上下设置于所述壳体内；
    驱动机构，位于反光镜组与壳体之间形成的空腔内，分别与第一反光镜、第二反光镜连接，并驱动第一反光镜、第二反光镜在所述壳体内转动；
    所述第一反光镜和第二反光镜均为凸面镜，所述第一反光镜和第二反光镜的曲率半径相同。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的外后视镜，其特征在于，所述第一反光镜和第二反光镜的大小对等。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的外后视镜，其特征在于，所述第一反光镜和/或第二反光镜在所述壳体内转动，并形成一定角度的夹角，所述夹角为：驾驶座侧外后视镜形成的夹角为13.5-17.5度；副驾驶座侧外后视镜形成的夹角为11-15度。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的外后视镜，其特征在于，所述第一反光镜和第二反光镜在所述壳体内通过驱动机构上下左右转动。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的外后视镜，其特征在于，所述第一反光镜和第二反光镜之间具有间隙，所述间隙的尺寸为大于等于第一反光镜或第二反光镜边缘厚度的一半。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的外后视镜，其特征在于，所述第一反光镜和第二反光镜分别通过镜片载体、驱动机构及底架固定于所述壳体内。
  7. 车辆使用如权利要求1-6所述的外后视镜的调节方法，其特征在于，包括：对外后视镜进行上下高度调节；对位于下侧的第二反光镜进行左右朝车身方向的调节，调节至五分之一横向镜面显示的是车身为止；对位于上侧的第一反光镜进行左右朝远离车身方向的调节，至横向镜面中显示的影像有十分之一是和位于下侧的第二反光镜中的影像重叠为止。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的车辆使用如权利要求1-6所述的外后视镜的调节方法，其特征在于：对所述第一反光镜、第二反光镜进行左右调节后，所述第 一反光镜和第二反光镜之间形成夹角，驾驶座侧外后视镜形成的夹角为13.5-17.5度；副驾驶座侧外后视镜形成的夹角为11-15度。
  9. 车辆使用如权利要求1-6所述的外后视镜，其特征在于，所述外后视镜的可视夹角为0-40.365度。
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CN106184011B (zh) * 2016-09-20 2018-11-20 何楚鸿 一种后视镜装置以及该装置的控制方法
CN106740499A (zh) * 2017-02-19 2017-05-31 刘予同 消除小汽车前视盲区的多功能后视镜结构装置
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