WO2017094803A1 - 磁力選別装置、磁力選別方法および鉄源の製造方法 - Google Patents
磁力選別装置、磁力選別方法および鉄源の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017094803A1 WO2017094803A1 PCT/JP2016/085631 JP2016085631W WO2017094803A1 WO 2017094803 A1 WO2017094803 A1 WO 2017094803A1 JP 2016085631 W JP2016085631 W JP 2016085631W WO 2017094803 A1 WO2017094803 A1 WO 2017094803A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/16—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carriers in the form of belts
- B03C1/18—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carriers in the form of belts with magnets moving during operation
- B03C1/20—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carriers in the form of belts with magnets moving during operation in the form of belts, e.g. cross-belt type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/16—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carriers in the form of belts
- B03C1/18—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carriers in the form of belts with magnets moving during operation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
- B03B9/04—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for furnace residues, smeltings, or foundry slags
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/16—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carriers in the form of belts
- B03C1/22—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carriers in the form of belts with non-movable magnets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
- B03C2201/20—Magnetic separation whereby the particles to be separated are in solid form
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
- B03C2201/22—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation characterised by the magnetical field, special shape or generation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a technology for magnetic separation (separation) of ferromagnetic particles from powders including ferromagnetic particles, for example, separation of iron from slag, which is a byproduct of the iron making process.
- the present invention relates to a magnetic separator, a magnetic separator method, and a method of manufacturing an iron source.
- slag steel slag
- Slag is generated as a by-product in the hot metal pretreatment and converter decarburization process. Slag is obtained by reacting and generating these impurities and unnecessary elements with a calcium-based additive added to remove impurities and unnecessary elements in the hot metal and molten steel. The slag contains a lot of iron in addition to the removed impurities and unnecessary elements.
- ⁇ Separation and recovery of iron is performed to recycle iron in slag.
- iron is separated and collected according to the following steps.
- the slag is sieved to remove a large (several hundred mm diameter) lump contained in the slag. Since the iron and slag are firmly attached to the small lump that has passed through the sieve, rough crushing (rough crushing) is performed with a hammer crusher, rod mill, etc., and the size is set to several tens of ⁇ m to several tens of mm. , Promote single separation (separation of slag and iron: liberation). Thereafter, iron is separated using a magnetic separator.
- the magnetic sorting device generally, suspended type (suspended type electro magnetics), drum type (magnetic type drum separators), pulley type (magnetic type pullleys) and the like are used.
- the diameter may be reduced by heat treatment.
- a magnetic sorting apparatus as shown in FIG. 1 is conventionally used (for example, Non-Patent Document 1).
- This device is a pulley type (belt conveyor type) magnetic force sorting device.
- This apparatus supplies powder particles a containing ferromagnetic particles and non-magnetic particles from the supply device 100 onto the conveyor belt 101, and when the powder particles a are discharged from the conveyor terminal portion 102, non-ferromagnetic particles and non-magnetic particles are non-conductive. It separates magnetic particles.
- the guide roll 103 on the conveyor terminal end 102 side has a hollow structure, and a plurality of magnets 104 are arranged so as to face the arc portion of the inner peripheral wall of the roll.
- the magnet 104 is provided in an arrangement in which adjacent magnetic poles are different in the circumferential direction of the inner peripheral wall of the guide roll 103.
- the magnet 104 is a fixed magnet that is installed separately from the inner peripheral wall of the guide roll 103.
- the magnetic force of the magnet 104 inside the guide roll 103 acts on the granular material a on the conveyor belt 101 at the conveyor terminal portion 102, and the nonmagnetic particles that are not attracted to the magnet 104 are first applied.
- the ferromagnetic particles that fall and are collected by the non-magnetized substance collection unit 105 and adsorbed by the magnet 104 pass through the partition plate 106 provided below the guide roll 103 and fall at a position where the magnetic force is weakened, and the magnetized substance. It has a structure that is recovered by the recovery unit 107.
- JP 2006-142136 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-130041
- the ferromagnetic particles are embracing the non-magnetic particles, and the ferromagnetic particles and the non-magnetic particles are attracted to the magnet 104 at the same time. Are difficult to separate. This is more conspicuous as the particle size of the granular material a becomes smaller.
- the agglomeration phenomenon due to atomization is added and the layer of the granular material a on the conveyor belt 101 becomes thicker, as shown in FIG. As a result, the ferromagnetic particles cannot be properly selected.
- the supply amount of the granular material a is reduced using a vibration feeder 108 or the like as shown in FIG. 2, and the thickness of the granular material layer on the conveyor belt 101 is, for example, It is necessary to take measures such as reducing the thickness to about one or two particles.
- the processing speed is slowed although the performance of selecting the ferromagnetic particles is ensured.
- magnetic separation of slag since it is necessary to process several tons to several tens of tons per hour, it is essential to perform a large amount of magnetic separation in a short time. Therefore, it is difficult to magnetically sort a large amount of powder particles a in a short time with the conventional magnetic sorting apparatus as described above.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a method for separating foreign matter without excessively crushing slag by passing through a plurality of specific steps, but there is a problem that a complicated separation flow occurs and processing costs increase. is there. Moreover, as shown in Patent Document 2, a wet process is generally applied in order to avoid agglomeration, but there is a problem that the waste liquid treatment cost becomes enormous.
- the object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, even when processing a large amount of powder containing ferromagnetic particles or when the layer of supplied powder is thick,
- An object of the present invention is to provide a magnetic separation device and a magnetic separation method that can efficiently separate ferromagnetic particles and perform magnetic separation at low cost without requiring complicated processes and waste liquid treatment.
- another object of the present invention is to provide a solution to the following problem specific to the belt conveyor type magnetic separator shown in FIGS. That is, in the belt conveyor type magnetic force sorting apparatus, when ferromagnetic particles such as iron powder adhere to the inside of the conveyor belt for some reason, the ferromagnetic particles are attracted and adhered by the magnet arrangement portion of the guide roll. Alternatively, even when the ferromagnetic particles flying in the air come near the guide roll, they are attracted directly to the magnet arrangement portion and attached. Once such ferromagnetic particles are attracted and adhered to the guide roll, they will continue to be sandwiched between the belt and the guide roll, and the life of the belt will be significantly reduced. Furthermore, in the case of a magnetic separator, the adsorbed ferromagnetic particles themselves are excited to generate heat. This also significantly reduces the belt life.
- This change in attractive force has an effect similar to vibration on the granular material, and the change in the strength of the magnetic field is repeated, thereby eliminating the pinching / embracing state of the nonmagnetic particles by the ferromagnetic particles. As a result, separation between ferromagnetic particles and nonmagnetic particles is promoted. Further, since the rotational force is applied to the ferromagnetic particles due to the change in the direction of the magnetic field, the ferromagnetic particles move to the magnet side while rotating between the nonmagnetic particles. Due to these two effects, many ferromagnetic particles gradually gather near the magnet, and the non-magnetic particles move to the side farther from the magnet. In this way, the ferromagnetic particles and the nonmagnetic particles can be separated by utilizing the change in the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field.
- FIGS. 3A to 3D schematically show the above action.
- the magnetic poles of the portion of the magnet facing the granular material are represented as an N pole and an S pole.
- the magnet moves from the state where the ferromagnetic particles on the conveyor belt b are attracted by the N pole, and the gap between the N pole and the S pole as shown in FIG.
- the magnitude of the attractive force acting on the ferromagnetic particles changes due to the change in the magnitude of the magnetic field.
- the ferromagnetic particles are attracted in the direction of the arrow and move to the magnet side while rolling. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 3C, the ferromagnetic particles are attracted to the south pole and further moved to the magnet side.
- the ferromagnetic particles initially distributed over the entire granular layer are collected on the closest side of the granular layer to the magnet as shown in FIG. Become.
- This phenomenon always occurs when at least one of the magnet and the granular material a is moving, and is the same even when the magnet is fixed and only the granular material a is moving.
- 3A to 3D show the case where the magnet moves from the right side to the left side in the figure, but the principle is the same even when the magnet moves from the left side to the right side in the figure. .
- the present inventors apply the above-described mechanism to a belt conveyor type magnetic sorting device, and inside the guide roll on the conveyor end side, along the circumferential direction of the guide roll, Provided are magnets that are arranged so that adjacent magnetic poles are different from each other and that the adjacent magnetic poles in the guide roll axial direction of the portion facing the granular material are the same, and the magnetic field formed by this magnet It has been found that the magnetic particles can be efficiently magnetically sorted by moving the powder particles. Furthermore, it has also been found that the effect is enhanced if the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field acting on the ferromagnetic particles are changed at high speed by rotating the magnet in the circumferential direction.
- the inventors have also intensively investigated the problem of adhesion of ferromagnetic particles that enter between the guide roll and the belt.
- the problematic ferromagnetic particles a 1 mainly fly from the feeder 108 and the conveyor belt 101, and the conveyor belt 101 of the guide roll 103 forms from the space in the width direction end side of the conveyor belt 101. It came to discover that it reached
- ferromagnetic particles are removed from the powder particles containing ferromagnetic particles once. Separation can be performed efficiently in the separation step, and magnetic separation can be performed at low cost without requiring complicated steps or waste liquid treatment.
- the magnetic force sorting apparatus and the magnetic force sorting method according to the present invention are for separating ferromagnetic particles by magnetic force from a granular material containing ferromagnetic particles.
- a magnetic separator according to the present invention includes at least one pair of guide rolls, and a conveyor belt that is stretched between the pair of guide rolls and conveys a granular material containing ferromagnetic particles. Either one is a hollow roll, and a magnet roll in which a plurality of magnets are arranged in a row in the hollow portion along the inner peripheral surface of the guide roll at intervals in the circumferential direction.
- a shielding wall that covers an arc region excluding the arc region around which the conveyor belt is wound on the outer peripheral surface of any one of the guide rolls and shields the lines of magnetic force from the magnet.
- the ferromagnetic particles are separated by magnetic force from the granular material containing the ferromagnetic particles using the magnetic force sorting apparatus configured as described above.
- the magnetic field change frequency F that indicates the change in the magnitude of the magnetic field that acts on the granular material from the magnet roll, defined by the following equation (1): , 30 Hz or more.
- the magnetic field change frequency F is 50 Hz or more and 160 Hz or less, more preferably 50 Hz or more and 100 Hz or less.
- the magnetic field change frequency F (Hz) By setting the magnetic field change frequency F (Hz) to 30 Hz or more, it is possible to cause a high-speed change in the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field acting on the granular material, and the ferromagnetic particles contained in the granular material can be accurately obtained. It becomes possible to separate.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the magnetic force sorting apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- reference numeral 1 denotes a conveyor belt that conveys the granular material a.
- the conveyor belt 1 is stretched between a pair of guide rolls 2 and 3 and is guided by the guide rolls 2 and 3. Rotate and convey the granular material a in one direction.
- One of the guide rolls 2 and 3, that is, the guide roll 2 on the end side in the conveying direction of the granular material a of the conveyor belt 1 is a hollow roll, and extends along the inner peripheral surface of the guide roll to the hollow portion.
- a rotatable magnet roll 20 in which a plurality of magnets 4 are arranged in a row in which different magnetic poles are alternately arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction.
- the magnet roll 20 is provided coaxially with the guide roll 2 inside the hollow guide roll 2, and can rotate independently of the guide roll 2.
- the magnet roll 20 is formed by fixing, for example, a magnet 4, which is a permanent magnet, on its circumferential surface in an arrangement in which magnetic poles are alternately different in the circumferential direction.
- reference numeral 21 denotes a rotation shaft of the guide roll 2
- the rotation shaft 22 at both ends of the magnet roll 20 is externally mounted on the rotation shaft 21, and a bearing 23 (for example, a metal bearing). , A bearing bearing, etc.).
- the guide roll 2 and the magnet roll 20 can rotate independently of each other.
- the form of the roll shafts 21 and 22 can take various forms.
- the magnet roll 20 is a roll that is rotated by means such as a motor, and the rotation direction thereof may be either the same direction as the guide roll 2 or the opposite direction, but is preferably rotated in the opposite direction.
- the magnet roll 20 is preferably rotated at a higher speed than the guide roll 2.
- the rotation direction of the magnet roll 20 is (i) the opposite direction to the traveling direction of the conveyor belt 1 (rotating direction of the guide roll 2), and (ii) the same direction as the traveling direction of the conveyor belt 1 (rotating direction of the guide roll 2), Either of these may be used.
- the ferromagnetic particles have a transport force that tends to move in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the magnet roll 20 by the action of the magnetic field of the rotating magnet roll 20.
- the conveying force to the ferromagnetic particles by the magnetic field and the frictional force between the conveyor belt 1 and the ferromagnetic particles are in the same direction.
- the conveying force and the frictional force are in opposite directions. However, in this case, since the frictional force is larger, the ferromagnetic particles are conveyed in the traveling direction of the conveyor belt 1.
- the magnetic poles of one magnet 4 are arranged to be different magnetic poles on the inner side and the outer side in the radial direction of the magnet roll 20, but naturally different magnetic poles of one magnet 4 are
- the magnets 4 may be installed so as to be aligned in the circumferential direction of the magnet roll 20. Even in this case, since the N pole and the S pole are alternately arranged, the separation of the ferromagnetic particles is performed efficiently. N and S poles may be installed across the gap between the magnets, and N poles and S poles may be installed across the gap. Although there is no particular restriction on the width of the gap between the magnets 4 adjacent in the roll circumferential direction, it is appropriate to set the width to about 1 to 50 mm in order to obtain the above effect.
- the gap between the magnets 4 may be filled with resin or the like.
- the size of the magnet 4 is not particularly limited as long as a predetermined number of magnets 4 can be arranged.
- a cover that covers the magnet 4 of the magnet roll 20 may be attached.
- the magnets 4 are arranged in the roll axis direction within the width of the conveyor belt 1. Thus, it is preferable to prevent the ferromagnetic particles from adhering to the portion of the roll 2 that is not in contact with the conveyor belt 1.
- a shielding wall 5 is provided which covers the arc region except the arc region around which the conveyor belt 1 is wound on the outer peripheral surface of the guide roll 2 and extends in the axial direction of the guide roll 2 over the entire width of the roll. It is important that the shielding wall 5 has a function for blocking the magnetic lines of force from the magnet 4 of the magnet roll 20. Therefore, in the example shown in FIG. 5, the back surface 5 a of the shielding wall 5 needs to be separated from the peripheral surface of the magnet roll 20 by a distance that is not affected by the lines of magnetic force, and has a thickness for that purpose. With the shielding wall 5 having such a structure, the flying ferromagnetic particles described in FIG. 4 can be reliably prevented from adhering to the magnet roll 20.
- the thickness of the shielding wall 5, that is, the distance not affected by the magnetic lines of force is that the back surface 5a is separated from the guide roll surface by a distance of 30 mm or more, preferably 50 mm or more, to sufficiently reduce the influence of the magnetic lines of force. It is preferable in order to block magnetic field lines.
- the shielding wall 5 since it exceeds 200 mm, since it receives restrictions on installation, it is preferable to set it as 200 mm or less.
- the length of the shielding wall 5 along the axial direction of the guide roll 2 preferably extends over the entire width of the guide roll 2, but the RT range shown in FIG. If it is within the range of the starting end of the four rows of magnets, it functions sufficiently.
- the feed speed of the conveyor belt 1 may be set to a speed necessary for the processing process.
- the rotational speed of the magnet roll 20 is determined so that the change of the magnetic field is sufficiently high with respect to the belt feed speed.
- the rotational speed of the magnet roll 20 is preferably set so as to satisfy the condition of the above-described formula (1).
- the granular material a containing ferromagnetic particles is supplied from the supply device 100 to the moving conveyor belt 1 with a sufficient thickness, and this granular material a It is conveyed to the guide roll 2 side of the conveyor belt 1.
- the granular material a conveyed by the conveyor belt 1 is exposed to the magnetic field of the magnet roll 20 when it reaches the area where the conveyor belt 1 contacts the guide roll 2.
- the ferromagnetic particles a 1 in the granular material a are subjected to the action of the magnetic field of the magnet 4 included in the magnet roll 20.
- the strength of the magnetic field is instantaneously switched from strong ⁇ weak ⁇ strong ⁇ weak ⁇ .
- the effect of aggregation ⁇ dispersion ⁇ aggregation ⁇ dispersion ⁇ ... Is repeated and adhesion of the ferromagnetic particles is maintained.
- Nonmagnetic particles fall off the conveyor belt 1 due to gravity.
- the magnet roll 20 is arranged inside the guide roll 2 and the magnet roll 20 to which the magnet 4 is fixed is rotated independently from the guide roll 2.
- a magnetically high-speed magnetic field change is generated by rotating the magnet roll 20,
- the granular material a is supplied with a sufficient layer thickness into the changing magnetic field,
- Magnetic field The ferromagnetic particles move to the magnet 4 side while eliminating the entanglement / embracing of the non-magnetic particles by the change, and the non-magnetic particles are removed away from the magnet 4 (4)
- the magnetic particles fall by gravity at the reversing part of the conveyor belt 1, and the ferromagnetic particles are carried while being adsorbed and held on the conveyor belt 1, and are separated from the conveyor belt 1 and discharged at a position where no magnetic force is exerted.
- the ferromagnetic particles can be efficiently magnetically selected. That is, it is possible to magnetic separation efficiently and quickly ferromagnetic particles a 1 from granular material a.
- the magnet roll 20 by rotating the magnet roll 20 in the magnet roll structure shown in FIG. 6, it is possible to easily change the strength and direction of the magnetic field, for example, 100 times or more while the granular material a is being conveyed. It is. Further, since the behavior of the ferromagnetic particles in the magnetic field varies depending on the target granular material a, it is preferable to adjust the rotational speed of the magnet roll 20 so as to obtain appropriate performance.
- the magnetic roll 20 defined by the following equation (1)
- the magnetic field change frequency F (Hz) is preferably 30 Hz or more. More preferably, the magnetic field change frequency is 50 Hz or more and 160 Hz or less.
- the rotation speed of the magnet roll 20 when a magnet (for example, a neodymium magnet) having 12 poles in the circumferential direction (counted as one magnetic pole in a pair of N poles and S poles) is disposed, if the rotation speed of the magnet roll 20 is 150 rpm, the magnetic field changes. The frequency is 30 Hz. Further, when a magnet having 24 poles in the circumferential direction (counted as one magnetic pole in a pair of N poles and S poles) is arranged and the magnetic field change frequency is set to 30 Hz in the same manner, the rotational speed of the magnet roll 20 may be 75 rpm. .
- the upper limit of the magnetic field change frequency is about 160 Hz because the rotational speed of the magnet roll 20 has a mechanical upper limit and the effect of the magnetic field change may be saturated even if the frequency is increased.
- the magnetic force sorting apparatus can efficiently sort the ferromagnetic particles from the granular material a as described above, in the magnetic force sorting of the granular material a using this apparatus, FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the granular material is supplied from the supply device 100 onto the conveyor belt 1 with a layer thickness larger than the diameter of the minimum particle contained in the granular material a and a layer thickness at which the magnetic force acts sufficiently. Is desirable. Specifically, the thickness of the granular material is 20 to 30 mm.
- slag such as iron slag and iron ore tailing.
- iron slag and iron ore tailing.
- it is particularly suitable for magnetic selection of slag.
- iron slag is atomized. If the atomization is insufficient, the iron recovery rate is not improved.
- the particle size of the slag after atomization is determined according to the slag, but it is often necessary to atomize to about several tens of ⁇ m to 1 mm depending on the form of iron contained.
- pulverization is common. After crushing with jaw crusher or hammer crusher as coarse crushing, ball mill, rodmill, jet mill, pin mill for further pulverization Crush using an impact mill.
- magnetic field sorting is performed by the magnetic field sorting apparatus of the present invention for the atomized slag.
- iron can be efficiently separated and recovered from slag.
- the magnets 4 are arranged so that the magnetic poles of the portions facing the granular material a are the same over the axial direction of the magnet roll 20. ing.
- the same magnetic pole is arranged in the width direction, a uniform magnetic field is formed, and the force acting on the ferromagnetic particles is also uniform.
- the conveyor belt 1 and the guide roll 2 of this embodiment, and also the shielding wall 5 are comprised with nonmetals, such as resin and a ceramic.
- the shielding wall 5 is replaced with a thick wall structure, and as shown in FIG. 9, a shielding wall 50 having a cover structure with a recess inside is provided. It is also possible. That is, by making the shielding wall 50 have a cover structure, the back surface 50a of the shielding wall 50 can be separated from the peripheral surface of the magnet roll 2 through a space to a position not affected by the magnetic field. This separation distance is approximately the same as the thickness of the shielding wall 5 described above.
- At least one conduit 6 penetrating from the back surface of the shielding wall 5 to the guide roll 2 side is provided, and three in the illustrated example.
- air is ejected from the gap between the shielding wall 5 and the guide roll 2, and the ferromagnetic particles are prevented from flying and entering these minute gaps.
- the gap between the shielding wall 5 and the guide roll 2 is about 0.5 mm to 10 mm, which is effective for suppressing the entry of the ferromagnetic particles by the above-described air ejection.
- the third embodiment can be realized as shown in FIG. In this form 4, the air filled inside the shielding wall 50 leaks from the gap between the side edge of the shielding wall 50 and the guide roll 2, and the flow velocity of the air ejected from the gap can be made uniform. .
- This gap is also preferably about 0.5 mm to 10 mm as described above.
- the apparatus according to the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 12 is a first belt conveyor A that conveys the granular material a, and the powder that is located above the first belt conveyor A and has been conveyed by the belt conveyor A.
- a second belt conveyor B that adsorbs and separates ferromagnetic particles from the particles a by magnetic force is provided.
- first belt conveyor A 8 is a conveyor belt different from the conveyor belt 1 in the first to fourth embodiments, 81 is a guide roll on the conveyor start end 82 side, and 83 is on the conveyor end end 84 side. It is a guide roll.
- a conveyor belt 8 is formed by stretching the conveyor belt 8 between the guide rolls 81 and 83.
- the second belt conveyor B 1 is a conveyor belt similar to the conveyor belt 1 in the first to fourth embodiments, 2 is a guide roll on the conveyor start end 11 side, and 3 is a guide roll on the conveyor end end 12 side.
- the conveyor belt 1 is stretched between the guide rolls 2 and 3, and the belt conveyor B is comprised.
- the guide roll 2 is configured to have a larger diameter than the guide roll 3, and the rotation axis of the guide roll 3 is positioned higher than the rotation axis of the guide roll 2, whereby the upper surface of the conveyor belt 1 (guide The upper belt portion between the roll 2 and the guide roll 3 is substantially horizontal. However, the upper surface of the conveyor belt 1 may be lowered toward the guide roll 3.
- a supply device 100 for supplying the granular material a containing ferromagnetic particles on the conveyor belt 1 is disposed.
- the ferromagnetic particles adsorbed and held on the belt conveyor B side are transported by the belt conveyor B and then discharged from the conveyor terminal portion 12. Below the conveyor terminal portion 12 of the belt conveyor B, a magnetic deposit recovery unit 70 is provided below the conveyor terminal portion 12 of the belt conveyor B. On the other hand, since the nonmagnetic particles fall below the conveyor start end 11 of the belt conveyor B, a non-magnetized substance recovery unit 71 is provided at that position.
- the conveyor start end 11 of the belt conveyor B is located close to the conveyor terminal end 84 of the belt conveyor A. Further, the guide rolls 81 and 83 of the belt conveyor A and the guide rolls 2 and 3 of the belt conveyor B are rotated in the opposite directions, and at the conveyor terminal end 84 of the belt conveyor A and the conveyor start end 11 of the belt conveyor B, The conveyor belts 1 and 8 are moving in the same direction.
- one of the guide rolls 2 and 3 is driven by a driving means such as a motor.
- a driving means such as a motor.
- the guide roll 3 is a drive roll and the guide roll 2 is a non-drive roll.
- the magnet roll 20 having the plurality of magnets 4 is provided inside the guide roll 2 as described above.
- the magnet roll 20 is configured to be rotatable independently of the guide roll 2.
- the magnet roll 20 has a plurality of magnets 4 arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the roll.
- a plurality of magnets 4 are arranged so that adjacent magnetic poles are alternately N poles and S poles over the roll circumferential direction 360 ° C. of the magnet roll 20.
- the plurality of magnets 4 are arranged so as to have the same magnetic pole.
- the magnet 4 is usually selected so that it is about 0.01 to 0.5 T at the conveyor belt portion in contact with the guide roll 2 depending on the object. preferable. If the magnetic field is too weak, the effect of the magnet roll 20 cannot be sufficiently obtained. On the other hand, if the magnetic field is too strong, the attractive force acting on the ferromagnetic particles is too strong and the separation of the ferromagnetic particles may be hindered. .
- the magnetic field is strong ⁇ weak ⁇ strong ⁇ weak ⁇ ...
- the effect of aggregation ⁇ dispersion ⁇ aggregation ⁇ dispersion ⁇ ... Is repeated for the ferromagnetic particles in the granular material layer.
- the width of the gap between the magnets 4 adjacent in the roll circumferential direction it is appropriate to set the width to about 1 to 50 mm in order to obtain the above effect.
- the magnetic field applied by the magnet roll 20 preferably changes as fast as possible (high-speed change in the strength and direction of the magnetic field).
- the magnet roll 20 defined by the above formula (1).
- the magnetic field change frequency F is preferably 30 Hz or more as described above.
- the feed speed of the conveyor belt 1 may be set to a speed necessary for the processing process.
- the rotational speed of the magnet roll 20 is determined so that the change of the magnetic field is sufficiently high with respect to the belt feed speed.
- the rotational speed of the magnet roll 20 is preferably set so as to satisfy the condition of the above-described formula (1).
- the granular material a containing ferromagnetic particles is supplied from the supply device 100 onto the conveyor belt 8 which is moving the belt conveyor A with a sufficient thickness.
- the granular material a is conveyed to the conveyor terminal part 84.
- the granular material a conveyed by the conveyor belt 8 has its upper surface in contact with the lower surface of the conveyor start end 11 of the belt conveyor B in the vicinity of the conveyor terminal end 84, and the granular material a is in contact with the conveyor terminal end 84 of the belt conveyor A.
- the belt conveys between the conveyor start end portions 11 of the belt conveyor B. At this time, the magnetic field of the magnet roll 2 of the belt conveyor B is exerted on the granular material a.
- the ferromagnetic particles in the granular material a are attached to the lower surface side of the belt conveyor B by the magnetic force of the magnet roll 20 so as to embrace the nonmagnetic particles. It is carried by the conveyor belt 1.
- the ferromagnetic particles in the powder a are subjected to the action of the magnetic field of the magnet 4 included in the magnet roll 20. At this time, the strength of the magnetic field is instantaneously switched from strong ⁇ weak ⁇ strong ⁇ weak ⁇ .
- the effect of aggregation ⁇ dispersion ⁇ aggregation ⁇ dispersion ⁇ ... Is repeated for the ferromagnetic particles in the granular layer.
- the magnet roll 20 rotates independently from the guide roll 2 as shown in FIG. 6, (1) mechanically high-speed magnetic field change is generated by rotating the magnet roll 20 (2)
- the granular material a is supplied with a sufficient layer thickness in the changing magnetic field.
- the ferromagnetic particles are removed from the magnet roll 20 while eliminating the inclusion / embracing of the nonmagnetic particles by the ferromagnetic particles by changing the magnetic field.
- the non-magnetic particles are removed to the side far from the magnet roll 20, and (4) the non-magnetic particles fall by gravity at the conveyor start end 11 of the belt conveyor B, and the ferromagnetic particles are removed from the belt conveyor B.
- the belt is conveyed while being adsorbed and held at the conveyor terminal portion 12 of the belt conveyor B.
- the ferromagnetic particles can be efficiently magnetically selected.
- the ferromagnetic particles can be magnetically selected from the granular material a efficiently and quickly.
- the magnetic force sorting apparatus can efficiently sort the ferromagnetic particles from the powder particles a as described above, in the magnetic force sorting of the powder particles a using this device, FIG.
- the granular material has a layer thickness larger than the diameter of the smallest particle contained in the granular material a and a layer thickness at which the magnetic force acts sufficiently. It is desirable to supply Specifically, the thickness of the granular material is 20 to 30 mm.
- the apparatus which concerns on this Embodiment 5 is the magnet provided in the inside of the guide roll 2 by the side of the conveyor starting end part 11 of the belt conveyor B to the granular material a (powder body layer) conveyed by the belt conveyor A.
- No. 4 magnetic field is applied to attract the ferromagnetic particles in the granular material a and move it to the lower surface side of the belt conveyor B to separate the ferromagnetic particles. Therefore, the distance between the conveyor end portion 84 of the belt conveyor A and the conveyor start end portion 11 of the belt conveyor B may be a size that allows the magnetic force of the magnet roll 20 to sufficiently act on the ferromagnetic particles in the granular material a.
- the upper surface of the layer of the granular material a conveyed by the conveyor belt 8 of the belt conveyor A is in contact with the conveyor starting end 11 of the belt conveyor B, that is, the granular material layer is the conveyor terminal end of the belt conveyor A. It is preferable to set it to a size that can be carried between 84 and the conveyor start end 11 of the belt conveyor B.
- the positional relationship between the belt conveyor A and the belt conveyor B is different from the example in FIG. That is, the conveyor starting end 11 of the belt conveyor B is positioned close to the conveyor terminal end 84 of the belt conveyor A in the same manner as shown in FIG. The positional relationship with the terminal portion 12 is reversed from that in FIG. As a result, the guide rolls 81 and 83 of the belt conveyor A and the guide roll 2 and the guide roll 3 of the belt conveyor B rotate in the same direction. Further, the conveyor belts 1 and 8 are moving in the opposite directions at the conveyor terminal end 84 of the belt conveyor A and the conveyor start end 11 of the belt conveyor B.
- the configuration is substantially the same as the configuration of the fifth embodiment in FIG.
- the guide roll 2 is constituted by a sleeve body having a hollow inside and is rotatably supported. Inside the guide roll 2, there is provided a magnet roll 20 having a plurality of magnets 4 arranged at a predetermined interval corresponding to the arc portion of the guide roll inner peripheral surface contacting the conveyor belt.
- the guide roll 2 according to the seventh embodiment is different from the guide roll 2 according to the fifth embodiment, and the magnet roll 20 including the magnet 4 is fixedly provided.
- the magnet 4 is a stationary magnet that is installed independently from the guide roll 2 and does not rotate.
- the magnets 4 are arranged so that the adjacent magnetic poles are different in the roll circumferential direction, and are arranged so that the adjacent magnetic poles are the same in the roll width direction.
- the range in the roll circumferential direction in which the magnet 4 is arranged is at least from the lower end position of the magnet roll 20 (position facing the conveyor terminal portion 84 of the belt conveyor A). It is a range of about 180 ° (half circumference of the magnet roll 20) to the top position of the roll 20.
- the range in which the magnet 4 is installed can be reduced.
- the ferromagnetic particles in the granular material a are attracted by the fixed magnet 4, and the granular material a (or the magnetic particle a) A part) is attached (held) to the lower surface side of the belt conveyor B and is conveyed by the conveyor belt 1.
- This device is also less effective than the magnet roll 20 of FIG. 12, but the ferromagnetic particles in the granular material a are subjected to the magnetic force of the magnet 4 and have a magnetic field in the process of being conveyed by the conveyor belt 1.
- the ferromagnetic particles in the granular material a are also repeatedly assembled ⁇ dispersed ⁇ aggregated ⁇ dispersed ⁇ ... Sorting becomes possible.
- the magnetic field does not change at a high speed like the magnet roll 20 of FIG. 12, the magnetic force selection performance and the processing speed are smaller than those of the fifth embodiment of FIG.
- the magnetic force sorting apparatus causes (i) a magnetic field generated by the magnet 4 included in the second belt conveyor B to act on the granular material a discharged from the first belt conveyor A from above, Adopting the basic method of adsorbing the ferromagnetic material contained in the powder a and moving it to the belt conveyor B side, it is possible to reduce the inclusion and entrainment of non-magnetic particles by ferromagnetic particles as compared with the conventional device. ii) Further, an effect is obtained that the entrainment / embracing of the nonmagnetic particles by the ferromagnetic particles is eliminated by the magnetic field change by the magnet 4.
- FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing the structure of the magnet roll 2 according to the seventh embodiment of FIG.
- the magnet 4 installed here is the same as the case of FIG. 6 in that a plurality of magnets 4 are provided so that the magnetic poles are alternately different in the circumferential direction along the circumferential direction of the magnet roll 20. Is provided as an integral and continuous magnet.
- the magnet roll 20 is fixed and does not rotate.
- an eighth embodiment which is a modification of the shielding wall 50 described above, will be described with reference to FIG. That is, as shown in FIG. 16, in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the side surface portion of the shielding wall 50 can be further extended to cover almost half of the end surface of the guide roll 2. Further, as shown in FIG. 16, an auxiliary device 9 is provided between the pair of guide rolls 2 and 3 and into the space inside the conveyor belt 1 to eject air toward the space or suck air in the space. It is also possible to provide it.
- the recovery of the ferromagnetic particles hitting the shielding wall 50 by the auxiliary device 9 is effective for preventing the ferromagnetic particles from adhering to the guide roll 2, and of course, it is possible to apply it to the pair of guide rolls 3. It is also effective in preventing the adhesion of ferromagnetic particles.
- the various shielding walls described above can be provided on the guide roll 2.
- Magnetic separation of the steelmaking slag was performed using the magnetic separation apparatus according to Embodiment 1 shown in FIG. That is, after pulverized steelmaking slag was passed through a 400 ⁇ m sieve, the slag that passed through the sieve mesh was used as the target granular material for magnetic selection.
- the iron concentration of this granular material was 54 mass%.
- the thickness of the supply layer of the granular material on the conveyor belt 1 was 7 mm.
- the outer diameter of the magnet roll 2 is 200 mm
- the number of magnetic poles of the magnet 4 is 12 poles (however, a pair of N poles and S poles is one magnetic pole)
- the feed speed of the conveyor belt 1 is 0.5 m / s
- the magnet roll 20 The rotation speed was 31.9 rpm
- the magnetic field strength at the conveyor belt portion in contact with the magnet roll 20 was 0.2T.
- the shielding wall 5 is made of resin, and its thickness is 100 mm.
- the magnetic force on the back surface 5a of the shielding wall 5 was 100 gauss or less.
- the iron concentration of the magnetically collected material and the iron recovery rate from the slag were examined. Moreover, the adhesion amount of the iron powder in a guide roll was investigated. The amount of iron powder adhered was compared between when the shielding wall 5 was installed and when it was not installed.
- the magnetized recovered material in the case of using the drum magnetic separator X had a low iron concentration because a non-ferrous component was involved, and the iron recovery rate was low because iron was released to the non-magnetic side.
- the pulley magnetic separator Y is used, almost the entire amount of the granular material is entrained, so the recovery rate is certainly good, but the iron concentration of the magnetically collected magnetic substance is the same as the granular material before magnetic separation. Almost unchanged.
- a high value is obtained for both the iron concentration of the magnetically collected material and the iron recovery rate of the slag.
- the magnetic field change frequency of the magnet roll 2 is 30 Hz or higher, the magnetic material is recovered. High values were obtained for both the iron concentration of the product and the iron recovery rate of the slag.
- the amount of iron powder adhered in the above operation was compared with the case where the shielding wall 5 was installed and the case where it was not installed. As a result, it was confirmed that, when the shielding wall 5 was not installed, the adhesion amount was 100 g / h, but when the shielding wall 5 was installed, the amount decreased to 0.5 g / h or less.
- the same operation as described above was performed with the shielding walls as the respective forms.
- the shielding wall 5 or the shielding wall 50 (the distance from the magnet roll 2 to the back surface 5a of the shielding wall 5). : 100 mm)
- the adhesion amount was 100 g / h, but when the shielding wall 5 was installed, it was confirmed that it decreased to 0.5 g / h or less.
- the iron powder adhesion amount decreased to 0.3 g / h or less.
- the magnetic separation of steelmaking slag was performed using the magnetic separation device according to Embodiment 5 shown in FIG. After pulverized steelmaking slag was passed through a 400 ⁇ m sieve, the slag that passed through the sieve mesh was used as the target granular material for magnetic separation. The iron concentration of this granular material was 54 mass%. The supply layer thickness of the granular material on the conveyor belt 1 of the belt conveyor A was 7 mm.
- the outer diameter of the guide roll 3 of the belt conveyor B is 300 mm
- the number of magnetic poles of the magnet roll 20 is 12 poles (however, one pole is a pair of N poles and S poles)
- the conveyor belt feed speed of the belt conveyors A and B was 0.5 m / s
- the rotation speed of the magnet roll 02 was 31.9 rpm
- the magnetic field strength at the conveyor belt portion in contact with the magnet roll 20 was 0.2 T.
- the shielding wall 5 is made of resin, and its thickness is 100 mm.
- the magnetic force on the back surface 5a of the shielding wall 5 was 100 gauss or less.
- the iron concentration of the magnetically collected material and the iron recovery rate from the slag were examined. Moreover, the adhesion amount of the iron powder in a magnet roll was investigated. The amount of iron powder adhered was compared between when the shielding wall 5 was installed and when it was not installed.
- the iron concentration is low, and the iron recovery rate is low because iron is released to the non-magnetically bonded side.
- the pulley magnetic separator Y since almost all of the powder particles are entrained, the iron recovery rate is certainly good, but the iron concentration of the magnetically recovered material is the powder particles before the magnetic selection. And almost the same.
- a high value is obtained for both the iron concentration of the magnetically collected material and the iron recovery rate of the slag.
- the magnetic field change frequency of the magnet roll 2 is 30 Hz or higher, the magnetic material is recovered. High values were obtained for both the iron concentration of the product and the iron recovery rate of the slag.
- the amount of iron powder adhered in the above operation was compared with the case where the shielding wall 5 was installed and the case where it was not installed. As a result, it was confirmed that, when the shielding wall 5 was not installed, the adhesion amount was 100 g / h, but when the shielding wall 5 was installed, the amount decreased to 0.5 g / h or less.
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
- Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
- Rollers For Roller Conveyors For Transfer (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
いずれの方法でもスラグの微粉化が進めば、単体分離化が進むことは言うまでもない。
[1]少なくとも1対のガイドロールと、
前記ガイドロール対間に張り渡され、強磁性粒子を含む粉粒体を搬送するコンベアベルトと、を有し、
前記ガイドロールのいずれか一方は中空ロールであって、該中空部に、前記ガイドロールの内周面に沿って複数の磁石を周方向に間隔を置いて異磁極が交互に並ぶ列状に配置した、磁石ロールを有し、
前記ガイドロールのいずれか一方の外周面における、前記コンベアベルトが巻き回される円弧領域を除く円弧領域を覆って前記磁石からの磁力線を遮断する、遮蔽壁を備えることを特徴とする磁力選別装置。
記
F=(x・P)/60 …(1)
ここで、x:磁石ロールの回転数(rpm)
P:磁石ロールが備える磁極数(但し、磁極数は、磁石ロールの粉粒体と対向
する面の周方向に並列するN極・S極のペアを、1磁極としてカウントする。)
前記コンベアベルト上に、前記粉粒体に含まれる最小粒子の直径よりも大きい厚みにて前記粉粒体を供給する磁力選別方法。
本発明に係る磁力選別装置は、少なくとも1対のガイドロールと、前記ガイドロール対間に張り渡され、強磁性粒子を含む粉粒体を搬送するコンベアベルトと、を有し、前記ガイドロールのいずれか一方は中空ロールであって、該中空部に、ガイドロールの内周面に沿って複数の磁石を周方向に間隔を置いて異磁極が交互に並ぶ列状に配置した、磁石ロールを有し、前記ガイドロールのいずれか一方の外周面における、前記コンベアベルトが巻き回される円弧領域を除く円弧領域を覆って前記磁石からの磁力線を遮断する、遮蔽壁を備えている。上記の磁石ロールによって、均一な磁場が形成され、強磁性粒子に作用する力も均一になり、強磁性粒子の分離効率を高めることができる。さらには、遮蔽壁を備えているため、ガイドロールとコンベアベルトとの間に入り込む強磁性粒子の付着を回避することができる。
記
F=(x・P)/60 …(1)
ここで、x:磁石ロールの回転数(rpm)
P:磁石ロールが備える磁極数(但し、磁極数は、磁石ロールの粉粒体と対向
する面の周方向に並列するN極・S極のペアを、1磁極としてカウントする。)
例えば、N極(a)、S極(b)、N極(c)と周方向に並んでいる場合には、N極(a)とS極(b)のペアで1磁極、S極(b)とN極(c)のペアで1磁極とカウントする。
[実施の形態1]
図5は、本発明の実施の形態1に係る磁力選別装置を示す説明図である。同図において、符号1は、粉粒体aを搬送するコンベアベルトであり、該コンベアベルト1は1対のガイドロール2及び3の間に張り渡され、これらガイドロール2及び3に案内されて輪転し、粉粒体aを一方向へ搬送する。ガイドロール2及び3のいずれか一方、すなわちコンベアベルト1の粉粒体aの搬送方向終端側にあるガイドロール2は、中空ロールであって、該中空部に、ガイドロールの内周面に沿って複数の磁石4を周方向に間隔を置いて異磁極が交互に並ぶ列状に配置した、回転可能の磁石ロール20を有する。
なお、磁石ロール20の構造を示す図6において、符号21はガイドロール2の回転軸であり、この回転軸21に磁石ロール20の両端の回転軸22が外装され、軸受23(例えば、メタル軸受、ベアリング軸受など)を介して回転軸21に取り付けられている。ただし、ガイドロール2と磁石ロール20とはそれぞれ独立して回転することが可能である。なお、ロール軸21及び22の形態は、多様な形を取り得る。
この磁力選別装置を用いて磁力選別を行うに当って、コンベアベルト1の送り速度は、その処理プロセスに必要な速度にすればよい。このベルト送り速度に対して、磁場の変化が十分高速となるように、磁石ロール20の回転速度を決める。特に、この磁石ロール20の回転速度は、上述した(1)式の条件を満足するように設定することが好ましい。
コンベアベルト1で搬送された粉粒体aは、コンベアベルト1がガイドロール2と接触する領域に達すると、磁石ロール20の磁場に晒される。
記
F=(x・P)/60 …(1)
ここで、x:磁石ロールの回転数(rpm)
P:磁石ロールが備える磁極数(但し、磁極数は、磁石ロールの粉粒体と対向
する面の周方向に並列するN極・S極のペアを、1磁極としてカウントする。)
例えば、N極(a)、S極(b)、N極(c)と周方向に並んでいる場合には、N極(a)とS極(b)のペアで1磁極、S極(b)とN極(c)のペアで1磁極とカウントする。すなわち、周方向で12極(N極・S極のペアで1磁極と数える)の磁石(例えば、ネオジウム磁石)を配設した場合には、磁石ロール20の回転速度を150rpmとすると、磁場変化周波数は30Hzとなる。また、周方向で24極(N極・S極のペアで1磁極と数える)の磁石を配置して、同じように磁場変化周波数を30Hzとする場合、磁石ロール20の回転速度は75rpmでよい。
また、図5に示した実施の形態1において、遮蔽壁5を厚みのある壁構造とすることに替えて、図9に示すように、内側が凹所となるカバー構造の遮蔽壁50とすることも可能である。すなわち、遮蔽壁50をカバー構造とすることによって、磁石ロール2の周面に対して空間を介して遮蔽壁50の背面50aを磁場の影響を受けない位置まで隔てることができる。この離隔する距離は、上述した遮蔽壁5の厚みと同程度である。
さらに、図5に示した実施の形態1において、図10に示すように、遮蔽壁5の背面からガイドロール2側に貫通する管路6を少なくとも1本、図示例で3本設ける。これらの管路6に空気7を供給することによって、遮蔽壁5とガイドロール2との隙間から空気を噴出させ、これらの微小隙間に強磁性粒子が飛翔して入り込むことを防止する。ここで、遮蔽壁5とガイドロール2との隙間は、0.5mmから10mm程度であることが、上記した空気噴出によって強磁性粒子の入り込みを抑制するのに有効である。
上記の形態3は、図9に示した形態2においても同様に、図11に示すように実現することが可能である。この形態4では、遮蔽壁50の内側に充満した空気が遮蔽壁50側面縁とガイドロール2との隙間から漏れ出ることになって、該隙間から噴出する空気の流速を均等にすることができる。この隙間についても、上記と同様に0.5mmから10mm程度であることが好ましい。
図12に示す実施の形態5に係る装置は、粉粒体aを搬送する第1のベルトコンベアAと、この第1のベルトコンベアAの上方に位置し、ベルトコンベアAで搬送されてきた粉粒体aから磁力により強磁性粒子を吸着して分離する第2のベルトコンベアBを備えている。
この磁力選別装置を用いて磁力選別を行うに当って、コンベアベルト1の送り速度は、その処理プロセスに必要な速度にすればよい。このベルト送り速度に対して、磁場の変化が十分高速となるように、磁石ロール20の回転速度を決める。特に、この磁石ロール20の回転速度は、上述した(1)式の条件を満足するように設定することが好ましい。
次に、上記の実施の形態5の変形例である実施の形態6について、図13を参照して説明する。
実施の形態6は、ベルトコンベアAとベルトコンベアBの位置関係を、図12の例とは異なる形としたものである。すなわち、ベルトコンベアAのコンベア終端部84の上方にベルトコンベアBのコンベア始端部11が近接して位置させるのは図12に示した場合と同様であるが、ベルトコンベアBのコンベア始端部11と終端部12との位置関係を図12の場合とは逆にしている。その結果、ベルトコンベアAのガイドロール81及び83とベルトコンベアBのガイドロール2及びガイドロール3とは、同じ方向に回転している。また、ベルトコンベアAのコンベア終端部84およびベルトコンベアBのコンベア始端部11において、コンベアベルト1と8とは逆方向に移動している。
さらに、上記の実施の形態5の別の変形例である実施の形態7について、図14を参照して説明する。
実施の形態7では、ガイドロール2は、内部が中空のスリーブ体で構成され、回転可能に支持されている。ガイドロール2の内側には、ガイドロール内周面のコンベアベルトが接触する円弧部分に対応して、所定の間隔をおいて配置される複数の磁石4を有する磁石ロール20を備えている。
また、上記した遮蔽壁50の変形例である実施の形態8について、図16を参照して説明する。すなわち、図16に示すように、図9に示した実施の形態2において、遮蔽壁50の側面部分をさらに延長してガイドロール2の端面のほぼ半分を覆う構造とすることも可能である。
さらに、図16に示すように、1対のガイドロール2および3間かつコンベアベルト1の内側空間内に、当該空間に向けて空気を噴出する、或いは当該空間の空気を吸引する補助装置9を設けることも可能である。この補助装置9によって、遮蔽壁50に当たった強磁性粒子の回収をはかることが、ガイドロール2への強磁性粒子の付着防止に有効であることは勿論、これと対のガイドロール3への強磁性粒子の付着防止にも有効である。なお、ガイドロール2への強磁性粒子の付着防止の観点から、該ガイドロール2に対して上述した各種の遮蔽壁を設けることも可能である。
すなわち、製鋼スラグの粉砕物を400μmの篩にかけた後、篩の目を通過したスラグを磁力選別の対象粉粒体とした。この粉粒体の鉄濃度は54mass%であった。コンベアベルト1上への粉粒体の供給層厚は7mmとした。磁石ロール2の外径は200mm、磁石4の磁極数は12極(ただし、N極・S極のペアで1磁極とする)、コンベアベルト1の送り速度は0.5m/s、磁石ロール20の回転速度は31.9rpm、磁石ロール20と接するコンベヤベルト部分での磁場強度は0.2Tとした。また、磁石ロール20の回転速度の効果を調べるため、磁石ロール20の回転速度は、100rpm(磁場変化周波数F=20Hz)、150rpm(磁場変化周波数F=30Hz)、500rpm(磁場変化周波数F=100Hz)、850rpm(磁場変化周波数F=170Hz)、1200rpm(磁場変化周波数F=240Hz)とした。
これに対して本発明例では、磁着回収物の鉄濃度、スラグの鉄回収率ともに高い値が得られており、特に、磁石ロール2の磁場変化周波数が30Hz以上であれば、磁着回収物の鉄濃度、スラグの鉄回収率ともにより高い値が得られた。
製鋼スラグの粉砕物を400μmの篩にかけた後、篩の目を通過したスラグを磁力選別の対象粉粒体とした。この粉粒体の鉄濃度は54mass%であった。ベルトコンベアAのコンベアベルト1上への粉粒体の供給層厚は7mmとした。ベルトコンベアBのガイドロール3の外径は300mm、磁石ロール20の磁極数は12極(ただし、N極・S極のペアで1磁極とする)、ベルトコンベアA、Bのコンベヤベルトの送り速度は0.5m/s、磁石ロール02の回転速度は31.9rpm、磁石ロール20と接するコンベヤベルト部分での磁場強度は0.2Tとした。また、ベルトコンベアBの磁石ロール20の回転速度の効果を調べるため、磁石ロール20の回転速度は、100rpm(磁場変化周波数F=20Hz)、150rpm(磁場変化周波数F=30Hz)、500rpm(磁場変化周波数F=100Hz)、850rpm(磁場変化周波数F=170Hz)、1200rpm(磁場変化周波数F=240Hz)とした。
これに対して本発明例では、磁着回収物の鉄濃度、スラグの鉄回収率ともに高い値が得られており、特に、磁石ロール2の磁場変化周波数が30Hz以上であれば、磁着回収物の鉄濃度、スラグの鉄回収率ともにより高い値が得られた。
2 ガイドロール
3、81、83、 ガイドロール
4 磁石
9 補助装置
11、82 コンベア始端部
12、84 コンベア終端部
20 磁石ロール
21、22 回転軸
23 軸受
70 磁着物回収部
71 非磁着物回収部
100 供給装置
106 仕切板
A、B ベルトコンベア
a 粉粒体
k 間隙部
Claims (15)
- 少なくとも1対のガイドロールと、
前記ガイドロール対間に張り渡され、強磁性粒子を含む粉粒体を搬送するコンベアベルトと、を有し、
前記ガイドロールのいずれか一方は中空ロールであって、該中空部に、前記ガイドロールの内周面に沿って複数の磁石を周方向に間隔を置いて異磁極が交互に並ぶ列状に配置した、磁石ロールを有し、
前記ガイドロールのいずれか一方の外周面における、前記コンベアベルトが巻き回される円弧領域を除く円弧領域を覆って前記磁石からの磁力線を遮断する、遮蔽壁を備えることを特徴とする磁力選別装置。 - 前記ベルトコンベアの下方に、強磁性粒子を含む粉粒体を搬送する別のコンベアベルトを設け、前記別のコンベアベルトの粉粒体搬送下流側に、前記コンベアベルトの前記磁石ロール側が近接して位置する請求項1に記載の磁力選別装置。
- 前記遮蔽壁の背面から前記ガイドロール側に貫通し、前記遮蔽壁と前記ガイドロールとの隙間に空気を供給する、管路を少なくとも1本は有する請求項1または2に記載の磁力選別装置。
- 前記磁石ロールは、前記ガイドロールのいずれか一方から独立して回転可能である請求項1、2または3に記載の磁力選別装置。
- 下記(1)式で定義される、前記磁石から前記粉粒体に作用する磁極の変化数を示す磁場変化周波数F(Hz)が、30Hz以上である請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の磁力選別装置。
記
F=(x・P)/60 …(1)
ここで、x:磁石ロールの回転数(rpm)
P:磁石ロールが備える磁極数(但し、磁極数は、磁石ロールの粉粒体と対向
する面の周方向に並列するN極・S極のペアを、1磁極としてカウントする。) - 前記磁石ロールの軸方向に隣接する前記磁石の磁極が同じである請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の磁力選別装置。
- 前記磁石ロールの軸方向に隣接する前記磁石の磁極が異なる請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の磁力選別装置。
- 前記ガイドロールのいずれか一方と前記磁石ロールとの回転方向が同じである請求項1から7のいずれかに記載の磁力選別装置。
- 前記ガイドロールのいずれか一方と前記磁石ロールとの回転方向が逆である請求項1から7のいずれかに記載の磁力選別装置。
- 前記コンベアベルトと前記別のコンベアベルトとの輪転方向が同じである請求項2から9のいずれかに記載の磁力選別装置。
- 前記コンベアベルトと前記別のコンベアベルトとの輪転方向が逆である請求項2から9のいずれかに記載の磁力選別装置。
- 前記コンベアベルトと前記ガイドロールのいずれか一方とが非金属製である請求項1から11のいずれかに記載の磁力選別装置。
- 前記ガイドロール対のいずれかが非駆動である請求項1から12のいずれかに記載の磁力選別装置。
- 請求項1から13のいずれかに記載の磁力選別装置を用いて、強磁性粒子を含む粉粒体から該強磁性粒子を選別する磁力選別方法であって、
前記コンベアベルト上に、前記粉粒体に含まれる最小粒子の直径よりも大きい厚みにて前記粉粒体を供給する磁力選別方法。 - 請求項1から14のいずれかに記載の磁力選別装置または磁力選別方法を用いて、製鉄プロセスの副生成物から鉄源を製造する鉄源の製造方法。
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