WO2017094553A1 - Dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides - Google Patents

Dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017094553A1
WO2017094553A1 PCT/JP2016/084524 JP2016084524W WO2017094553A1 WO 2017094553 A1 WO2017094553 A1 WO 2017094553A1 JP 2016084524 W JP2016084524 W JP 2016084524W WO 2017094553 A1 WO2017094553 A1 WO 2017094553A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
film
polarizing plate
liquid crystal
side polarizing
light source
Prior art date
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PCT/JP2016/084524
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
佐々木　靖
Original Assignee
東洋紡株式会社
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 東洋紡株式会社 filed Critical 東洋紡株式会社
Priority to KR1020187013577A priority Critical patent/KR102455802B1/ko
Priority to CN201680066702.7A priority patent/CN108292058A/zh
Priority to JP2017517384A priority patent/JPWO2017094553A1/ja
Publication of WO2017094553A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017094553A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G02F1/133531—Polarisers characterised by the arrangement of polariser or analyser axes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
    • G02F2201/08—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 light absorbing layer
    • G02F2201/086—UV absorbing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device.
  • a polarizing plate used in a liquid crystal display usually has a configuration in which a polarizer in which iodine is dyed on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or the like is sandwiched between two polarizer protective films.
  • a triacetyl cellulose (TAC) film is usually used.
  • TAC film used as the protective film is reduced for this purpose, sufficient mechanical strength cannot be obtained and moisture permeability deteriorates. Further, TAC films are very expensive, and there is a strong demand for inexpensive alternative materials.
  • Patent Documents 1 to 3 it has been proposed to use a polyester film instead of the TAC film so that the polarizing plate can be made thin so that high durability can be maintained even if the thickness is small as a polarizer protective film.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device having low cost and excellent visibility.
  • the typical present invention is as follows.
  • Item 1 A liquid crystal display device having a backlight source, a light source side polarizing plate, a liquid crystal cell and a viewing side polarizing plate in this order, Each of the light source side polarizing plate and the viewing side polarizing plate has a structure in which a polarizer protective film is laminated on at least one surface of the polarizer and has a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer for bonding to the liquid crystal cell.
  • the liquid crystal display device, wherein the viewing side polarizing plate contains an ultraviolet absorber and the light source side polarizing plate does not contain an ultraviolet absorber.
  • Item 2. Item 2.
  • the liquid crystal panel includes a rear module, a liquid crystal cell, and a front module in order from the side facing the backlight light source toward the image display side (viewing side).
  • the rear module and the front module are generally composed of a transparent substrate, a transparent conductive film formed on the liquid crystal cell side surface, and a polarizing plate disposed on the opposite side.
  • the polarizing plate is arranged on the side facing the backlight light source in the rear module, and is arranged on the side (viewing side) displaying the image in the front module.
  • the liquid crystal display device of the present invention has at least a backlight light source, a light source side polarizing plate, a liquid crystal cell, and a viewing side polarizing plate in this order.
  • Two polarizing plates (light source side polarizing plate, viewing side polarizing plate) used in the liquid crystal display device of the present invention have a polarizer protective film attached to at least one surface of a polarizer in which iodine is dyed on PVA or the like. It has a combined configuration.
  • the polarizer protective film is laminated on both sides of the polarizer, but the polarizer protective film may be laminated on only one side of the polarizer.
  • the polarizer and the polarizer protective film are preferably bonded together via an adhesive layer.
  • a polarizer protective film may have an easily bonding layer for the purpose of the surface modification from an adhesive viewpoint.
  • a polarizing plate has an adhesive layer for bonding with a liquid crystal cell.
  • the polarizing plate may have mechanism layers, such as a hard-coat layer, a glare-proof layer, an antireflection layer, and a low reflection layer, on the surface. That is, in the present invention, the polarizing plate comprises a polarizer, a polarizer protective film laminated on at least one surface of the polarizer, and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer for bonding to the liquid crystal cell as essential constituent members, an adhesive layer, An adhesive layer or a functional layer is included as an arbitrary constituent member.
  • the polarizing plate (viewing-side polarizing plate) arranged on the viewing side starting from the liquid crystal cell contains an ultraviolet absorber. That is, it is preferable to include an ultraviolet absorber in at least one of the polarizer, the polarizer protective film, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, the adhesive layer, the easy-adhesion layer, and the functional layer, which are constituent members of the viewing side polarizing plate.
  • an ultraviolet absorber can also be contained in the several layer (member) of the structural member of a visual recognition side polarizing plate, if it contains in any one layer (member), it is enough.
  • a ultraviolet absorber is contained in the polarizer protective film by the side of visual recognition of a visual recognition side polarizing plate or the polarizer protective film (including optical compensation film (retardation film)) of the light source side of the visual recognition side polarizing plate.
  • a ultraviolet absorber is contained in the polarizer protective film on the viewing side of the viewing side polarizing plate.
  • an ultraviolet absorber is contained in the polarizer protective film (including an optical compensation film (retardation film)) on the light source side of the viewing side polarizing plate.
  • Embodiments are also preferred.
  • the entire viewing side polarizing plate is preferably adjusted so that the light transmittance at a wavelength of 380 nm is 10% or less.
  • the light transmittance at a wavelength of 380 nm is more preferably 9% or less, still more preferably 8% or less, and particularly preferably 5% or less.
  • the light transmittance is 10% or less, it is possible to suppress deterioration of the optical functional dye due to ultraviolet rays, deterioration of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal cell, and the like.
  • the light transmittance is measured in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the polarizing plate, and can be measured using a spectrophotometer (for example, Hitachi U-3500 type).
  • the polarizing plate (light source side polarizing plate) disposed on the light source side starting from the liquid crystal cell preferably has a smaller content of the ultraviolet absorber than the viewing side polarizing plate.
  • the light source side polarizing plate does not contain any ultraviolet absorber.
  • the whole light source side polarizing plate it is preferable that the light transmittance at a wavelength of 380 nm exceeds 10%.
  • the light transmittance at a wavelength of 380 nm is more preferably 11% or more, still more preferably 12% or more, and particularly preferably 13% or more. With such a configuration, the amount of ultraviolet absorber used in the entire liquid crystal display device can be reduced, so that a liquid crystal display device can be provided at low cost.
  • the light source side polarizing plate does not include an ultraviolet absorber because it hardly includes light in the ultraviolet region.
  • problems such as deterioration of optical functional dyes such as iodine dyes and deterioration of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal cell do not occur. Therefore, as a liquid crystal display device, it is only necessary to suppress degradation of optical functional dyes such as iodine dyes and deterioration of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal cell due to ultraviolet rays contained in external light incident from the viewing side surface. Only the polarizing plate may contain an ultraviolet absorber to cut off ultraviolet rays.
  • the light source side polarizing plate contains a UV absorber
  • the UV absorber may bleed out to the surface of the light source side polarizing plate depending on the type of UV absorber used due to the long-term heat from the backlight light source. Yes, this may affect the visibility (decrease in the amount of light) of the liquid crystal display device.
  • UV absorber In order to set the light transmittance at a wavelength of 380 nm of the viewing-side polarizing plate to 10% or less, it is desirable to appropriately adjust the type, concentration, and thickness of each layer of the ultraviolet absorber.
  • a conventionally well-known thing can be used for the ultraviolet absorber used by this invention, and it does not restrict
  • the ultraviolet absorber include an organic ultraviolet absorber and an inorganic ultraviolet absorber, and an organic ultraviolet absorber is preferable from the viewpoint of transparency.
  • organic ultraviolet absorbers include, but are not limited to, benzotriazoles, benzophenones, cyclic imino esters, and combinations thereof.
  • benzotriazole type and cyclic imino ester type are particularly preferable.
  • ultraviolet rays having different wavelengths can be absorbed simultaneously, so that the ultraviolet absorption effect can be further improved.
  • benzophenone ultraviolet absorbers examples include 2- [2′-hydroxy-5 ′-(methacryloyloxymethyl) phenyl] -2H-benzotriazole, 2- [2 ′.
  • cyclic imino ester UV absorbers examples include 2,2 ′-(1,4 -Phenylene) bis (4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 2-methyl-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one, 2-butyl-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one, 2 -Phenyl-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one, etc., but is not particularly limited thereto.
  • any polarizer (polarizing film) used in the technical field can be appropriately selected and used.
  • typical polarizers include those obtained by dyeing a dichroic material such as iodine on a polyvinyl alcohol film or the like.
  • the polarizer is not limited to this, and may be a known and later-developed polarizer. Can be appropriately selected and used.
  • the PVA film can be used as the PVA film.
  • “Kuraray Vinylon (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.)”, “Tosero Vinylon (manufactured by Toh Cello Co., Ltd.)”, “Nichigo Vinylon (Nippon Synthetic Chemical Co., Ltd.) can be used.
  • the dichroic material include iodine, a diazo compound, and a polymethine dye.
  • the polarizer can be obtained by any method.
  • a PVA film dyed with a dichroic material is uniaxially stretched in an aqueous boric acid solution, and washed and dried while maintaining the stretched state.
  • the stretching ratio of uniaxial stretching is usually about 4 to 8 times, but is not particularly limited. Other manufacturing conditions and the like can be appropriately set according to known methods.
  • the polarizing plate used in the present invention is preferably a polyester film in which at least one of the polarizer protective films has a retardation of 3000 to 30000 nm (Re, retardation in the film plane) from the viewpoint of suppressing iridescent color spots.
  • a more preferable lower limit of retardation is 4500 nm, a further preferable lower limit is 6000 nm, and a still more preferable lower limit is 8000 nm.
  • the upper limit of retardation is preferably 30000 nm.
  • the retardation can be obtained by measuring the refractive index and thickness in the biaxial direction, or by using a commercially available automatic birefringence measuring device such as KOBRA-21ADH (Oji Scientific Instruments).
  • the arrangement of the polarizer protective film having the specific retardation in the liquid crystal display device is not particularly limited, but the polarizer protective film on the light source side and / or the polarizer on the viewer side polarizing plate starts from the polarizer of the light source side polarizing plate.
  • the polarizer protective film on the viewer side is preferably a polarizer protective film made of a polyester film having the specific retardation.
  • a particularly preferable embodiment is an embodiment in which the viewer-side polarizer protective film is a polyester film having the specific retardation starting from the polarizer of the viewer-side polarizing plate.
  • the polyester film having the specific retardation is disposed at a position other than the above, the polarization characteristics of the liquid crystal cell may be changed. Since it is not preferable to use a polyester film having the specific retardation at a place where polarization characteristics are required, it is preferably used only at such a limited place.
  • the polarizing plate used in the present invention has a configuration in which a polarizer protective film is laminated on at least one surface of a polarizer in which polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or the like is dyed with iodine. It is preferable that it is a polarizer protective film which consists of a polyester film which has the said specific retardation. As the other polarizer protective film, it is preferable to use a film having no birefringence such as a TAC film, an acrylic film, and a norbornene-based film.
  • a polarizing plate having a laminated structure of polyester film / polarizer / (TAC film, acrylic film or norbornene film) having a retardation of 3000 to 30000 nm / adhesive layer is preferable, and the polyester film is a light source side polarizing plate. It is preferable that the polarizer protective film is disposed on the light source side starting from the polarizer or the polarizer protective film on the viewing side starting from the polarizer of the viewing side polarizing plate.
  • the polarizer protective film on the viewer side starting from the polarizer of the viewer side polarizing plate is the above-described polyester film having a retardation of 3000 to 30000 nm, having an ultraviolet absorber in the film, and having a light transmittance at a wavelength of 380 nm. It is preferable that it is 20% or less.
  • the polarizer protective film on the light source side starting from the polarizer of the viewing side polarizing plate, and the polarizer protective film on the viewing side starting from the polarizer of the light source side polarizing plate are a TAC film, an acrylic film or a norbornene film,
  • the light transmittance at a wavelength of 380 nm is preferably 60% or more.
  • the polarizer protective film on the light source side starting from the polarizer of the light source side polarizing plate is the above-mentioned polyester film having a retardation of 3000 to 30000 nm, and the light transmittance at a wavelength of 380 nm is preferably 70% or more.
  • polyester film The polyester used in the present invention may be polyethylene terephthalate or polyethylene naphthalate, but may contain other copolymerization components. These resins are excellent in transparency and excellent in thermal and mechanical properties, and the retardation can be easily controlled by stretching.
  • polyethylene terephthalate is the most suitable material because it has a large intrinsic birefringence and a large retardation can be obtained relatively easily even if the film is thin.
  • polarizer protection comprising a polyester film on the viewing side starting from the polarizer of the viewing side polarizing plate
  • the film desirably has a light transmittance of 20% or less at a wavelength of 380 nm.
  • the light transmittance at a wavelength of 380 nm is more preferably 15% or less, further preferably 10% or less, and particularly preferably 5% or less.
  • the ultraviolet absorber used in the present invention is a known substance.
  • the ultraviolet absorber include an organic ultraviolet absorber and an inorganic ultraviolet absorber, and an organic ultraviolet absorber is preferable from the viewpoint of transparency.
  • the organic ultraviolet absorber include benzotriazole, benzophenone, cyclic imino ester, and combinations thereof, but are not particularly limited. However, from the viewpoint of durability, benzotriazole type and cyclic imino ester type are particularly preferable.
  • ultraviolet rays having different wavelengths can be absorbed simultaneously, so that the ultraviolet absorption effect can be further improved.
  • benzophenone ultraviolet absorbers examples include 2- [2′-hydroxy-5 ′-(methacryloyloxymethyl) phenyl] -2H-benzotriazole, 2- [2 ′.
  • cyclic imino ester UV absorbers examples include 2,2 ′-(1,4 -Phenylene) bis (4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), 2-methyl-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one, 2-butyl-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one, 2 -Phenyl-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one, etc., but is not particularly limited thereto.
  • additives include inorganic particles, heat resistant polymer particles, alkali metal compounds, alkaline earth metal compounds, phosphorus compounds, antistatic agents, light proofing agents, flame retardants, thermal stabilizers, antioxidants, and antigelling agents. And surfactants.
  • a polyester film does not contain a particle
  • “Substantially free of particles” means, for example, in the case of inorganic particles, a content that is 50 ppm or less, preferably 10 ppm or less, particularly preferably the detection limit or less when inorganic elements are quantified by fluorescent X-ray analysis. means.
  • the polyester film can be subjected to corona treatment, coating treatment, flame treatment, etc. in order to improve the adhesion to the polarizer.
  • an easy-adhesion layer mainly composed of at least one of polyester resin, polyurethane resin or polyacrylic resin on at least one side of the polyester film.
  • the “main component” refers to a component that is 50% by mass or more of the solid components constituting the easy-adhesion layer.
  • the coating solution used for forming the easy-adhesion layer is preferably an aqueous coating solution containing at least one of a water-soluble or water-dispersible copolymerized polyester resin, an acrylic resin, and a polyurethane resin.
  • coating solutions include water-soluble or water-dispersible co-polymers disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 3567927, Japanese Patent No. 3589232, Japanese Patent No. 3589233, Japanese Patent No. 3900191, and Japanese Patent No. 4150982.
  • coating solutions include a polymerized polyester resin solution, an acrylic resin solution, and a polyurethane resin solution.
  • the easy-adhesion layer can be obtained by applying the coating solution on one or both sides of a uniaxially stretched film in the longitudinal direction, drying at 100 to 150 ° C., and further stretching in the transverse direction.
  • the final coating amount of the easy adhesion layer is preferably controlled to 0.05 to 0.20 g / m 2 . If the coating amount is less than 0.05 g / m 2 , the adhesion with the resulting polarizer may be insufficient. On the other hand, when the coating amount exceeds 0.20 g / m 2 , blocking resistance may be lowered.
  • the application quantity of an easily bonding layer on both surfaces may be the same or different, and can be independently set within the above range.
  • particles to the easy-adhesion layer in order to impart slipperiness. It is preferable to use particles having an average particle size of 2 ⁇ m or less. When the average particle diameter of the particles exceeds 2 ⁇ m, the particles easily fall off from the coating layer. Examples of the particles to be contained in the easy-adhesion layer include the same particles as those described above.
  • a known method can be used as a method for applying the coating solution.
  • reverse roll coating method gravure coating method, kiss coating method, roll brush method, spray coating method, air knife coating method, wire bar coating method, pipe doctor method, etc.
  • spray coating method air knife coating method, wire bar coating method, pipe doctor method, etc.
  • wire bar coating method wire bar coating method
  • pipe doctor method etc.
  • grain is performed with the following method. Take a picture of the particles with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and at a magnification such that the size of one smallest particle is 2-5 mm, the maximum diameter of 300-500 particles (between the two most distant points) Distance) is measured, and the average value is taken as the average particle diameter.
  • SEM scanning electron microscope
  • the most common production method for producing a polyester film is that a non-oriented polyester obtained by melting a polyester resin and extruding into a sheet is formed in the machine direction at a temperature equal to or higher than the glass transition temperature using the difference in roll speed.
  • An example is a method in which after stretching, the film is stretched in the transverse direction by a tenter and subjected to heat treatment.
  • the polyester film may be a uniaxially stretched film or a biaxially stretched film, but when the biaxially stretched film is used as a polarizer protective film, it is rainbow-like even when observed from directly above the film surface. Although no color spots are observed, it is necessary to be careful because rainbow-like color spots may be observed when observed from an oblique direction.
  • This phenomenon is that a biaxially stretched film is composed of refractive index ellipsoids having different refractive indexes in the running direction, width direction, and thickness direction, and the retardation becomes zero depending on the light transmission direction inside the film (refractive index ellipse). This is because there is a direction in which the body appears to be a perfect circle. Therefore, when the liquid crystal display screen is observed from a specific oblique direction, a point where the retardation becomes zero may be generated, and a rainbow-like color spot is generated concentrically around that point.
  • the angle ⁇ increases as the birefringence in the film increases, and the rainbow-like color increases. Spots are difficult to see.
  • the biaxially stretched film tends to reduce the angle ⁇ , and therefore the uniaxially stretched film is more preferable because rainbow-like color spots are less visible.
  • biaxiality in a range that does not produce rainbow-like color spots substantially, or in a range that does not produce rainbow-like color spots in the viewing angle range required for liquid crystal display screens. Is preferred.
  • This thickness direction retardation means an average of the phase differences obtained by multiplying the two birefringences ⁇ Nxz and ⁇ Nyz by the film thickness d when viewed from the cross section in the film thickness direction.
  • the smaller the difference between the in-plane retardation and the thickness direction retardation the more isotropic the birefringence action due to the observation angle, and the smaller the change in retardation due to the observation angle. Therefore, it is considered that rainbow-like color spots due to the observation angle are less likely to occur.
  • the ratio of the retardation of the polyester film to the thickness direction retardation (Re / Rth) is preferably 0.200 or more, more preferably 0.500 or more, and further preferably 0.600 or more. As the ratio of the retardation to the retardation in the thickness direction (Re / Rth) is larger, the birefringence action is more isotropic, and the occurrence of iridescent color spots due to the observation angle is less likely to occur. In a complete uniaxial (uniaxial symmetry) film, the ratio of the retardation to the retardation in the thickness direction (Re / Rth) is 2.0. However, as described above, the mechanical strength in the direction orthogonal to the orientation direction tends to decrease significantly as the film approaches a complete uniaxial (uniaxial symmetry) film.
  • the ratio of the retardation of the polyester film to the retardation in the thickness direction is preferably 1.2 or less, more preferably 1.0 or less.
  • the ratio of the retardation to the thickness direction retardation (Re / Rth) does not have to be 2.0, and 1.2 or less is sufficient. is there. Even if the ratio is 1.0 or less, it is possible to satisfy the viewing angle characteristics (180 degrees left and right, 120 degrees up and down) required for the liquid crystal display device.
  • the longitudinal stretching temperature and the transverse stretching temperature are preferably 80 to 130 ° C, particularly preferably 90 to 120 ° C.
  • the longitudinal draw ratio is preferably 1.0 to 3.5 times, particularly preferably 1.0 to 3.0 times.
  • the transverse draw ratio is preferably 2.5 to 6.0 times, and particularly preferably 3.0 to 5.5 times.
  • the stretching temperature low is a preferable measure for increasing the retardation.
  • the treatment temperature is preferably from 100 to 250 ° C., particularly preferably from 180 to 245 ° C.
  • the thickness unevenness of the film is small. Since the stretching temperature and the stretching ratio have a great influence on the thickness unevenness of the film, it is preferable to optimize the film forming conditions from the viewpoint of the thickness unevenness. In particular, when the longitudinal stretching ratio is lowered to make a retardation difference, the longitudinal thickness unevenness may be deteriorated. Since there is a region where the vertical thickness unevenness becomes very bad in a specific range of the draw ratio, it is desirable to set the film forming conditions outside this range.
  • the thickness unevenness of the film is preferably 5.0% or less, more preferably 4.5% or less, still more preferably 4.0% or less, and 3.0% or less. Particularly preferred.
  • the stretching ratio, the stretching temperature, and the thickness of the film can be appropriately set.
  • the higher the stretching ratio, the lower the stretching temperature, and the thicker the film the higher the retardation.
  • the lower the stretching ratio, the higher the stretching temperature, and the thinner the film the lower the retardation.
  • the thickness of the polyester film is arbitrary, but is preferably in the range of 15 to 300 ⁇ m, more preferably in the range of 15 to 200 ⁇ m. In principle, it is possible to obtain a retardation of 3000 nm or more even with a film having a thickness of less than 15 ⁇ m. However, in that case, the anisotropy of the mechanical properties of the film becomes remarkable, and it becomes easy to cause tearing, tearing, etc., and the practicality as an industrial material is remarkably lowered. A particularly preferable lower limit of the thickness is 25 ⁇ m. On the other hand, if the upper limit of the thickness of the polarizer protective film exceeds 300 ⁇ m, the thickness of the polarizing plate becomes too thick, which is not preferable.
  • the upper limit of the thickness is preferably 200 ⁇ m.
  • a particularly preferable upper limit of the thickness is 100 ⁇ m, which is about the same as a general TAC film.
  • the polyester used as the film substrate is preferably polyethylene terephthalate.
  • a method of blending the ultraviolet absorber into the polyester film a known method can be used in combination.
  • a master batch is prepared by blending the dried ultraviolet absorber and the polymer raw material in advance using a kneading extruder. It can be prepared and blended by, for example, a method of mixing a predetermined master batch and a polymer raw material during film formation.
  • the concentration of the UV absorber in the master batch is preferably 5 to 30% by mass in order to uniformly disperse the UV absorber and mix it economically.
  • a kneading extruder it is preferable to use a kneading extruder and to extrude at a temperature not lower than the melting point of the polyester raw material and not higher than 290 ° C. for 1 to 15 minutes. Above 290 ° C, the weight loss of the UV absorber is large, and the viscosity of the master batch is greatly reduced. If the extrusion time is 1 minute or less, uniform mixing of the UV absorber becomes difficult. At this time, if necessary, a stabilizer, a color tone adjusting agent, and an antistatic agent may be added.
  • the film has a multilayer structure of at least three layers, and an ultraviolet absorber is added to the intermediate layer of the film.
  • a film having a three-layer structure containing an ultraviolet absorber in the intermediate layer can be specifically produced as follows. Polyester pellets alone for the outer layer, master batches containing UV absorbers for the intermediate layer and polyester pellets are mixed at a predetermined ratio, dried, and then supplied to a known melt laminating extruder, which is slit-shaped. Extruded into a sheet form from a die and cooled and solidified on a casting roll to make an unstretched film.
  • a three-layer manifold or a merging block for example, a merging block having a square merging portion
  • a film layer constituting both outer layers and a film layer constituting an intermediate layer are laminated
  • An unstretched film is formed by extruding a three-layer sheet from the die and cooling with a casting roll.
  • the filter particle size (initial filtration efficiency 95%) of the filter medium used for high-precision filtration of the molten resin is preferably 15 ⁇ m or less. When the filter particle size of the filter medium exceeds 15 ⁇ m, removal of foreign matters of 20 ⁇ m or more tends to be insufficient.
  • the polarizer protective film may be laminated
  • the adhesive is not particularly limited and any adhesive can be used.
  • an aqueous adhesive that is, an adhesive component dissolved in water or dispersed in water
  • an adhesive further blended with an isocyanate compound, an epoxy compound or the like can be used as necessary.
  • a photocurable adhesive can also be used.
  • a solventless UV curable adhesive is preferred.
  • the photocurable resin include a mixture of a photocurable epoxy resin and a cationic photopolymerization initiator, and those described in JP2012-203211 and JP2009-227804 can be used. it can.
  • Adhesives include rubber adhesives, polyester adhesives, epoxy adhesives, acrylic adhesives, silicone adhesives, urethane adhesives, vinyl alkyl ether adhesives, polyacrylamide adhesives, and cellulose adhesives. Although an adhesive etc. can be mentioned, it is not specifically limited. Among these, active energy ray curable and thermosetting acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives are preferable. Particularly, thermosetting acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives can adjust the pressure-sensitive adhesive properties without being affected by the ultraviolet absorber. This is preferable.
  • the acrylic ester-based (co) polymer that is the base resin of the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive is selected by appropriately selecting the type of acrylic monomer or methacrylic monomer used to polymerize this, composition ratio, polymerization conditions, etc. It can be prepared by appropriately adjusting physical properties such as glass transition temperature (Tg) and molecular weight.
  • acrylic monomer constituting the acrylate (co) polymer examples include 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, isooctyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, and the like as main raw materials.
  • a (meth) acrylic monomer having various functional groups may be copolymerized with the acrylic monomer according to the purpose of imparting cohesive force or imparting polarity.
  • Examples of the (meth) acrylic monomer having a functional group include methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, acrylic acid, glycidyl acrylate, N-substituted acrylamide, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, fluorine-containing alkyl acrylate, and organosiloxy group An acrylate etc. can be mentioned.
  • various vinyl monomers such as vinyl acetate, alkyl vinyl ether, and hydroxyalkyl vinyl ether that can be copolymerized with the acrylic monomer and methacrylic monomer can be appropriately used for polymerization.
  • polymerization treatment using these monomers known polymerization methods such as solution polymerization, emulsion polymerization, bulk polymerization, suspension polymerization and the like can be employed.
  • a thermal polymerization initiator or photopolymerization is used according to the polymerization method.
  • An acrylic ester copolymer can be obtained by using a polymerization initiator such as an initiator.
  • the acrylic ester-based (co) polymer is crosslinked to limit fluidity and to function as an adhesive.
  • the crosslinking method include thermal crosslinking, ultraviolet crosslinking, and electron beam crosslinking, but thermal crosslinking or electron beam crosslinking is preferred because it is not affected by the ultraviolet absorber.
  • thermal crosslinking there is a method in which a crosslinking agent capable of chemically bonding with a reactive group such as a hydroxyl group or a carboxylic acid group introduced into an acrylate (co) polymer is added and reacted by heating or curing. preferable.
  • thermal cross-linking agent examples include an isocyanate cross-linking agent and an epoxy cross-linking agent, and one or more of these can be used.
  • isocyanate-based crosslinking agent examples include isocyanates such as tolylene diisocyanate, chlorophenylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, tetramethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and hydrogenated diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
  • isocyanates such as tolylene diisocyanate, chlorophenylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, tetramethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and hydrogenated diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
  • Examples include urethane prepolymer type isocyanate It is possible.
  • the isocyanate compounds exemplified above the isocyanate group may be protected with a suitable blocking agent in order to improve processability and storage stability.
  • the blocking agent include phenol, oxime, caprolactam, mercaptan, imide, amide, imidazole, alcohol, active methylene, and various amine compounds. According to this, known ones can be appropriately selected.
  • epoxy crosslinking agent examples include ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, glycerin diglycidyl ether, glycerin triglycidyl ether, 1,3-bis (N, N-diglycidylaminomethyl) cyclohexane, N, N, N ′, N′-tetraglycidyl-m-xylylenediamine, N, N, N ′, N′-tetraglycidylaminophenylmethane, triglycidyl isocyanurate, mN, N-diglycidylaminophenylglycidyl ether N, N-diglycidyl toluidine, N, N-diglycidyl aniline and the like.
  • the content of these crosslinking agents is preferably in the range of 0.5 to 2 equivalents with respect to the amount of the crosslinkable functional group introduced into the base polymer.
  • the configuration of the backlight may be an edge light method using a light guide plate or a reflection plate as a constituent member, or a direct type.
  • a white light emitting diode (white LED), a light source combining a blue LED and quantum dots, or the like can be used as a backlight light source of a liquid crystal display device.
  • the white LED is an element that emits white by combining a phosphor type with a phosphor type, that is, a light emitting diode that emits blue light or ultraviolet light using a compound semiconductor.
  • a white light emitting diode composed of a light emitting element in which a blue light emitting diode using a compound semiconductor and an yttrium / aluminum / garnet yellow phosphor are combined is preferable.
  • a white LED (such as NSSW306FT manufactured by Nichia Corporation) in which a blue LED and a red phosphor, for example, a fluoride phosphor (also referred to as “KSF”) having a composition formula of K 2 SiF 6 : Mn 4+ is combined.
  • Various types of light sources such as a white LED light source combined with a laser can be used.
  • quantum dot technology is a technology that has attracted attention due to the increasing demand for color gamut in recent years.
  • An LED using a normal white LED as a backlight light source can reproduce colors only about 20% of the spectrum that can be recognized by the human eye.
  • Quantum dot technologies that have been put into practical use include QDEF TM from Nanosys and Color IQ TM from QD Vision.
  • the light emitting layer including quantum dots is configured to include quantum dots in a resin material such as polystyrene, for example, and is a layer that emits emitted light of each color on a pixel basis based on excitation light emitted from a light source.
  • This light emitting layer is composed of, for example, a red light emitting layer disposed in a red pixel, a green light emitting layer disposed in a green pixel, and a blue light emitting layer disposed in a blue pixel. Based on the excitation light, emission lights having different wavelengths (colors) are generated.
  • quantum dots examples include CdSe, CdS, ZnS: Mn, InN, InP, CuCl, CuBr, Si, and the like.
  • the particle size (size in one side direction) of these quantum dots is, for example, 2 About 20 nm.
  • InP is exemplified as a red light emitting material
  • CdSc is exemplified as a green light emitting material
  • CdS is exemplified as a blue light emitting material.
  • the size (particle diameter) and material of the quantum dots are controlled, mixed with a resin material, and applied separately for each pixel.
  • a blue LED As a light source for emitting excitation light, a blue LED is used, but laser light such as a semiconductor laser may be used.
  • excitation light emitted from the light source passes through the light emitting layer, an emission spectrum having a peak top in each wavelength region of 400 nm to less than 495 nm, 495 nm to less than 600 nm, and 600 nm to 750 nm is generated.
  • the narrower the half-width of the peak in each wavelength region the wider the color gamut.However, as the half-width of the peak becomes narrower, the light emission efficiency decreases, so the shape of the emission spectrum has a shape that balances the required color gamut and light emission efficiency. Designed.
  • the biaxial refractive index anisotropy ( ⁇ Nxy) was determined by the following method. Using two polarizing plates, the orientation axis direction of the film was determined, and a 4 cm ⁇ 2 cm rectangle was cut out so that the orientation axis directions were perpendicular to each other, and used as a measurement sample.
  • the biaxial refractive index (Nx, Ny) perpendicular to each other and the refractive index (Nz) in the thickness direction were determined by an Abbe refractometer (Atago Co., Ltd., NAR-4T, measurement wavelength 589 nm).
  • ) of the axis was defined as the anisotropy ( ⁇ Nxy) of the refractive index.
  • the thickness d (nm) of the film was measured using an electric micrometer (manufactured by Fine Reef, Millitron 1245D), and the unit was converted to nm.
  • Retardation (Re) was determined from the product ( ⁇ Nxy ⁇ d) of refractive index anisotropy ( ⁇ Nxy) and film thickness d (nm).
  • ) and ⁇ Nyz (
  • the obtained polyethylene terephthalate resin (A) had an intrinsic viscosity of 0.62 dl / g and contained substantially no inert particles and internally precipitated particles. (Hereafter, abbreviated as PET (A).)
  • PET (B) 10 parts by weight of a dried UV absorber (2,2 ′-(1,4-phenylene) bis (4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one), PET (A) containing no particles (with intrinsic viscosity 0.62 dl / g) 90 parts by mass were mixed, and a polyethylene terephthalate resin (B) containing an ultraviolet absorber was obtained using a kneading extruder (hereinafter abbreviated as PET (B)).
  • a dried UV absorber (2,2 ′-(1,4-phenylene) bis (4H-3,1-benzoxazin-4-one)
  • a transesterification reaction and a polycondensation reaction were carried out by a conventional method, and as a dicarboxylic acid component (based on the total dicarboxylic acid component) 46 mol% terephthalic acid, 46 mol% isophthalic acid and 8 mol% sodium 5-sulfonatoisophthalate, A water-dispersible sulfonic acid metal base-containing copolymer polyester resin having a composition of 50 mol% ethylene glycol and 50 mol% neopentyl glycol as a glycol component (based on the entire glycol component) was prepared.
  • Example 1 Uniaxially oriented PET film 1 After drying 90 parts by mass of PET (A) resin pellets containing no particles as a raw material for the base film intermediate layer and 10 parts by mass of PET (B) resin pellets containing an ultraviolet absorber at 135 ° C. for 6 hours under reduced pressure (1 Torr) The extruder 2 (for the intermediate layer II layer) and PET (A) were dried by a conventional method and supplied to the extruder 1 (for the outer layer I layer and the outer layer III), respectively, and dissolved at 285 ° C.
  • the unstretched film on which this coating layer was formed was guided to a tenter stretching machine, guided to a hot air zone at a temperature of 125 ° C. while being gripped by a clip, and stretched 4.0 times in the width direction.
  • the film was treated at a temperature of 225 ° C. for 30 seconds and further subjected to a relaxation treatment of 3% in the width direction to obtain a uniaxially oriented PET film 1 having a film thickness of about 50 ⁇ m. .
  • the in-plane retardation Re was 5177 nm
  • Re / Rth was 0.784
  • the light transmittance at a wavelength of 380 nm was 8.5%.
  • Uniaxially oriented PET film 2 (Uniaxially oriented PET film 2) Moreover, the uniaxially oriented PET described above, except that PET (A) resin pellets containing no particles were used as raw materials for the base film intermediate layer, and PET (B) resin pellets containing an ultraviolet absorber were not used. Uniaxially oriented PET film 2 was obtained by the same production method as film 1. The in-plane retardation Re was 5177 nm, Re / Rth was 0.784, and the light transmittance at a wavelength of 380 nm was 79.0%.
  • a uniaxially oriented PET film 1 is attached to one side of a polarizer composed of PVA and iodine via an adhesive so that the absorption axis of the polarizer and the orientation main axis of the film are perpendicular to each other, and a TAC film (FUJIFILM) Co., Ltd., a thickness of 80 ⁇ m, and a retardation film that does not contain an ultraviolet absorber) was attached via an adhesive.
  • a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer was provided on the surface of the TAC film opposite to the surface in contact with the polarizer to produce a viewing side polarizing plate.
  • the light transmittance in wavelength 380nm of the visual recognition side polarizing plate was 5% or less.
  • a uniaxially oriented PET film 2 is attached to one side of a polarizer made of PVA and iodine via an adhesive so that the absorption axis of the polarizer and the orientation main axis of the film are perpendicular to each other, and a TAC film (Fuji Film) is placed on the opposite side.
  • a TAC film Fluji Film
  • Co., Ltd. a thickness of 80 ⁇ m, and a retardation film that does not contain an ultraviolet absorber
  • a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer was provided on the surface of the TAC film opposite to the surface in contact with the polarizer to produce a light source side polarizing plate.
  • none of the members used an ultraviolet absorber.
  • the light transmittance in wavelength 380nm of the light source side polarizing plate exceeded 10%.
  • the light source side polarizing plate is attached to the liquid crystal cell so that the pressure sensitive adhesive layer of the light source side polarizing plate is in contact with the liquid crystal cell, and the viewing side polarizing plate is placed in the liquid crystal cell so that the pressure sensitive adhesive layer of the viewing side polarizing plate is in contact with the liquid crystal cell.
  • a liquid crystal display device was manufactured using a white LED light source (Nichia Chemical Co., NSPW500CS) composed of a light emitting element combining a blue light emitting diode and a yttrium / aluminum / garnet yellow phosphor as a backlight light source.
  • the liquid crystal display device can be manufactured at low cost and has excellent visibility.
  • liquid crystal display device that is low-cost and excellent in visibility, and industrial applicability is extremely high.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention a trait à un dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides bon marché qui présente une excellente visibilité. Le dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides comprend successivement une source de lumière de rétroéclairage, une plaque de polarisation côté source de lumière, une cellule à cristaux liquides, et une plaque de polarisation côté visualisation, dans cet ordre, et il est caractérisé en ce que : la plaque de polarisation côté source de lumière et la plaque de polarisation côté visualisation possèdent une configuration dans laquelle un film protecteur de polariseur est stratifié sur au moins une surface d'un polariseur, tout en présentant une couche adhésive destinée à assembler la plaque de polarisation avec la cellule à cristaux liquides ; ladite plaque de polarisation côté visualisation contient un absorbant d'ultraviolets ; et ladite plaque de polarisation côté source de lumière ne contient pas d'absorbant d'ultraviolets.
PCT/JP2016/084524 2015-11-30 2016-11-22 Dispositif d'affichage à cristaux liquides WO2017094553A1 (fr)

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CN201680066702.7A CN108292058A (zh) 2015-11-30 2016-11-22 液晶显示装置
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US11635653B2 (en) 2018-10-02 2023-04-25 Toyobo Co., Ltd. Liquid crystal display device, polarizer and protective film

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US20240176189A1 (en) * 2021-03-24 2024-05-30 Toyobo Co., Ltd. Image display device, and method for selecting combination of backlight light source and polarizing plate in liquid crystal display device

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TW201739802A (zh) 2017-11-16
KR102455802B1 (ko) 2022-10-18

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