WO2017088760A1 - 单元组合式制冷矩阵 - Google Patents

单元组合式制冷矩阵 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017088760A1
WO2017088760A1 PCT/CN2016/106939 CN2016106939W WO2017088760A1 WO 2017088760 A1 WO2017088760 A1 WO 2017088760A1 CN 2016106939 W CN2016106939 W CN 2016106939W WO 2017088760 A1 WO2017088760 A1 WO 2017088760A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
refrigeration
unit
combined
matrix
units
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PCT/CN2016/106939
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邱伟
杨如民
武祥辉
武维建
刘彦武
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四川捷元科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2017088760A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017088760A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of refrigerators, and in particular to a unit combined refrigeration matrix.
  • lithium bromide absorption chiller As the main type of lithium bromide absorption chiller, it is generally single-unit single-capacity. For different customer needs, it can only be selected to manufacture chillers of different models, different specifications and different capacities. This single-unit single-capacity absorption chiller can only be manufactured according to the order due to different models or capacities. It is impossible to organize resources for large-scale production in advance, and the market response speed is slow and the manufacturing cost is high, which seriously restricts the development of the chiller industry. .
  • An object of the present invention is to solve the aforementioned technical problems and to provide a unit combined refrigeration matrix.
  • the so-called unit refers to a standard, uniform and small-sized high-efficiency absorption chiller with independent refrigeration capacity to provide basic cooling power.
  • the so-called combination refers to the small refrigeration unit as an element, and can be inserted in the horizontal and vertical three-dimensional directions. Connection and seamless expansion; the so-called refrigeration matrix is a refrigeration equipment consisting of n ⁇ m ⁇ k absorption refrigeration units.
  • a refrigerator is used as a refrigeration unit, and at least two of the refrigeration units are used to construct a unit combined refrigeration matrix.
  • Each refrigeration unit is provided with at least two groups of interface groups, and each group of interface groups is provided with a plurality of access interfaces;
  • the energy medium of the refrigeration unit is input or output through the access interface; each group of interface groups can completely meet the connection requirements with the outside world.
  • the interfaces transmitting the same energy medium are electrically connected to each other inside the refrigeration unit.
  • the refrigeration unit is provided with at least two combined faces; at least one set of interface groups is distributed on each combined face; adjacent cooling units are connected to each other through an interface on the combined face.
  • an internal passage is disposed in the fuselage housing of the refrigeration unit; the internal passage electrically connects interfaces of the same energy medium on different combinations, so that any combined surface can input and output an energy medium.
  • the body of the refrigeration unit is designed as a rectangular parallelepiped, and the adjacent cooling units are connected by using six surfaces of the rectangular parallelepiped as a combined surface.
  • the unit combined refrigeration matrix is composed of a combination surface of adjacent refrigeration units that are closely attached to each other.
  • n is an integer of ⁇ 2;
  • n is an integer of ⁇ 1, and an integer of n ⁇ m ⁇ 2;
  • n-row and k-layer refrigeration units are arranged in a horizontal plane on the left and right, front and rear four combined surfaces, a planar unit combined refrigeration matrix composed of n ⁇ k refrigeration units is formed, and n and k are ⁇ 1.
  • a planar unit combined refrigeration matrix composed of m ⁇ k refrigeration units is formed, m and k are ⁇ An integer of 1 and an integer of m ⁇ k ⁇ 2.
  • n-row, m-column, and k-layer refrigeration units are arranged in a three-dimensional arrangement on the left, right, top, bottom, and front and back, the three-dimensional unit combination composed of n ⁇ m ⁇ k refrigeration units is formed.
  • m, n, and k are integers ⁇ 1, and n ⁇ m ⁇ k ⁇ 2 integers.
  • the absorption refrigerating machine is a refrigerating unit and is called an absorption refrigerating unit.
  • the absorption refrigeration units are interconnected by a water flow interface on a respective combination surface, the energy medium being hot water, cold water, and cooling water.
  • the absorption refrigeration unit is provided with at least two groups of water flow interface groups, each group of water flow interface groups including an inlet and an outlet of hot water, an inlet and an outlet of cold water, and an inlet and an outlet of the cooling water.
  • the absorption refrigeration unit is provided with at least two combined surfaces; each combined surface is provided with a group of water flow interface groups; adjacent absorption refrigeration units are connected to each other through a water flow interface on the combination surface.
  • the hot water inlet of the absorption refrigeration unit and the hot water inlet of the adjacent absorption refrigeration unit are electrically connected to each other, and the cold water inlet and the cold water inlet of the adjacent absorption refrigeration unit are electrically connected to each other, and the cooling water inlet and the adjacent The cooling water inlets of the absorption refrigeration unit are electrically connected to each other;
  • the hot water outlet of the absorption refrigeration unit and the hot water outlet of the adjacent absorption refrigeration unit are electrically connected to each other, and the cold water outlet and the cold water outlet of the adjacent absorption refrigeration unit are mutually connected, and the cooling water outlet and the adjacent absorption refrigeration The cooling water outlets of the unit are electrically connected to each other.
  • the water flow interface includes a socket and a plug; the plug end is provided with a barb and an O-ring; the barb is inserted and engaged with an inner wall of the socket to form a self-locking structure; A sealing gasket is disposed between the plug and the socket for sealing purposes.
  • the water flow interface plug is applied to the movable joint.
  • the movable joints are respectively a two-way joint and a cut-off joint; when the two-way joint is connected, the water flow interface is turned on; when the cut-off joint is connected, the water flow interface is closed.
  • the two ends of the two-way joint are water flow interface plugs; one end of the cut-off joint is a water flow interface plug, and the other end is closed.
  • a two-way joint is applied to the connection of the absorption refrigeration unit.
  • the position of the water flow interface on the upper and lower combined surfaces of the absorption refrigeration unit and the position of the water flow interface on the left and right combination surfaces are mirror symmetrical, so that when the two absorption refrigeration units are combined in the vertical or horizontal direction, the corresponding combination The water flow interface on the surface is directly inserted through the two-way joint.
  • the absorption refrigeration unit further includes an integrated water flow pipe system disposed in the body frame of the absorption refrigeration unit; communicating corresponding water flow interfaces on different combination faces, and the absorption refrigeration
  • the heat exchanger tubes inside the unit are connected such that the absorption refrigeration unit can simultaneously or separately introduce hot water, cold water and cooling water from any one of the combined surfaces.
  • the built-in solution heat exchanger is disposed in the absorption refrigeration unit for performing heat exchange between the low temperature dilute solution in the absorption refrigeration unit and the high temperature concentrated solution;
  • the solution heat exchanger includes a heat exchange wall plate for heat exchange and a solution heat exchanger casing, and the heat exchange wall plate and the casing together form a concentrated solution and a dilute solution passage;
  • the solution tank is configured to supply a solution to a regenerator of the absorption refrigeration unit.
  • the solution tank includes a tank body and a solution injection port; the tank body is adapted to an internal space structure of the absorption refrigeration unit, and is embedded in a lower portion of the body of the absorption refrigeration unit for storing and
  • the regenerator provides a solution; the solution injection port is disposed on the tank for injecting a solution into the tank.
  • the inclined flow guiding condenser comprises a plurality of rows of guiding channels arranged in an upper and lower layer, and a heat exchange tube laid above the guiding channels of each layer.
  • the refrigerant vapor flows outside the heat exchange tube, and the cooling water flows inside the heat exchange tube; when the refrigerant vapor contacts the heat exchange tube, heat exchange with the cooling water inside the heat exchange tube to liquefy into condensed water, And collected by the guiding trough and flowed out.
  • the throttling device includes:
  • a confluence trough disposed at a bottom of the bottom of the absorption refrigeration unit condenser for depositing refrigerant water in the condenser;
  • An orifice is disposed at a lowest point of the bottom of the confluence trough for discharging the refrigerant water deposited in the confluence trough.
  • the non-circulating pump refrigerant evaporator comprises a plurality of rows of flow guiding grooves arranged in upper and lower layers, and heat exchange tubes laid above the flow guiding grooves of each layer.
  • the refrigerant water flows outside the heat exchange tube, and cold water flows inside the heat exchange tube; the side wall of the flow guiding groove is provided with a plurality of drain holes, so that the refrigerant water flows to the lower layer guide groove to keep the refrigerant liquid immersed.
  • Heat exchange tube is provided.
  • the shallow trough heat exchange mechanism comprises:
  • the shallow trough heat exchanger is composed of a plurality of drainage channels arranged in the upper and lower layers and a heat exchange tube;
  • a solution dispenser disposed on an upper portion of the shallow trough heat exchanger;
  • the solution distributor is a closed cuboid, the inside is a cavity, and the lower part is a solution spraying surface, and the spray surface size of the solution is the same as the upper end surface of the heat exchanger .
  • the refrigerator as the refrigeration unit includes an absorption chiller and a compression chiller.
  • the body casing, the water flow interface, the integrated water flow pipe system, and the solution tank of the absorption refrigeration unit are all made of engineering plastics;
  • the heat exchange tubes of the refrigeration unit and the heat exchange wall plate are Made of stainless steel material;
  • the heat exchange medium of the refrigeration unit uses a lithium bromide solution.
  • An independent refrigeration unit with uniform design and uniform interface and capable of providing basic cooling power is an independent and complete chiller; n ⁇ m ⁇ k such standard refrigeration units can be seamlessly connected and combined into a success rate. It is an n ⁇ m ⁇ k-dimensional refrigeration matrix of n ⁇ m ⁇ k times the unit cooling power to meet a wider market demand. It not only ensures product quality, improves production efficiency, reduces overall costs, but also rapidly forms a market scale.
  • the refrigerator may be an absorption chiller or a compression chiller.
  • the standard refrigeration unit uses engineering plastics and stainless steel tubes as the main materials.
  • the two materials have good anti-absorber corrosion ability, which fundamentally avoids the influence of non-condensable gases.
  • the sealing of the refrigeration unit uses the principle of the cork to ensure the airtightness and liquid tightness of the unit, improve the anti-leakage index, greatly increase the reliability of the refrigeration unit and reduce the operating cost.
  • the standard refrigeration unit uses a precision injection molding process to increase the integration of components, thereby greatly reducing the volume and weight of the refrigeration unit, which is one-tenth of the conventional absorption refrigerators of the same capacity.
  • the invention adopts a modular refrigeration unit to form a variable capacity refrigeration matrix by building blocks, which can greatly improve production efficiency, reduce manufacturing cost and production cycle, reduce volume and weight, reduce occupied space, and broaden market application range. .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the external structure of a refrigeration unit of the present invention
  • 2A is a schematic view showing the assembly explosion of the absorption refrigeration unit of the present invention.
  • 2B is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the absorption refrigeration unit of the present invention after the housing is removed;
  • 3A and 3B are schematic diagrams showing the standard water flow interfaces of hot water, cold water and cooling water of the upper and lower combined surfaces of the refrigeration unit of the present invention
  • 3C is a schematic view of a two-way joint on the refrigeration unit of the present invention.
  • 3D is a schematic structural view of a standard water flow interface connecting two sides of the two-way structure of the present invention.
  • 3E and 3F are respectively schematic diagrams of standard water flow interfaces of hot water, cold water and cooling water of the left and right combined surfaces of the refrigeration unit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4A is a perspective view of a water flow channel exposed after the cooling unit has removed the outer wall panel of the housing;
  • Figure 4B is a partial enlarged view of the area E in Figure 4A;
  • 4C is a rear perspective view of the water flow channel exposed after the cooling unit has removed the cover;
  • Figure 4D is a partial enlarged view of the F area of Figure 4C;
  • FIG. 5A is a schematic view showing the installation structure of the built-in solution heat exchanger of the refrigeration unit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5B is a schematic view showing the structure of the exposed heat exchange wall plate after the outer cover of the solution heat exchanger is removed in FIG. 5A;
  • Figure 6A is a schematic view of a throttling device in a refrigeration unit of the present invention.
  • Figure 6B is a cross-sectional view taken along line G-G of Figure 6A;
  • Figure 6C is a partial enlarged view of the H region of Figure 6B;
  • Figure 7A is an assembly view of a regenerator and a condenser in a refrigeration unit of the present invention.
  • Figure 7B is a partial enlarged view of the area I in Figure 7A;
  • Figure 8A is an assembled view of an evaporator and an absorber in a refrigeration unit of the present invention.
  • Figure 8B is a partial enlarged view of the K area of Figure 8A;
  • 9A is a schematic structural view showing that a unit-combined refrigeration matrix of the present invention is connected in a row by left and right combination faces of a refrigeration unit;
  • 9B is a schematic structural view showing that the unit-combined refrigeration matrix of the present invention is connected by a front and rear combination surface of the refrigeration unit;
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the connection structure of the unit-combined refrigeration matrix of the present invention connected by the upper and lower combined faces of the refrigeration unit;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing a connection structure in which a unit-combined refrigeration matrix of the present invention is arranged in a vertical plane by a combination of upper and lower sides and left and right combination faces of a refrigeration unit;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the connection structure of the unit-combined refrigeration matrix of the present invention, which is arranged in a three-dimensional arrangement by six combined surfaces of the left and right, upper and lower, and front and rear of the refrigeration unit.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the external structure of a refrigeration unit of the present invention
  • the outer shape of the refrigeration unit is a rectangular parallelepiped structure.
  • a regenerator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber, a solution heat exchanger, a solution tank, and the like are disposed inside the rectangular body.
  • the refrigeration unit itself is a stand-alone absorption chiller with a nominal cooling power of 4RT (referred to as unit power) and a 1 ⁇ 1 dimensional cooling matrix.
  • unit power a stand-alone absorption chiller with a nominal cooling power of 4RT (referred to as unit power) and a 1 ⁇ 1 dimensional cooling matrix.
  • a plurality of refrigeration units can be freely combined and seamlessly expanded in both horizontal and vertical directions to form an n ⁇ m-dimensional refrigeration matrix with a power of n ⁇ m times the unit power. Seamless refers to the close fit.
  • At least two of the six faces of the rectangular parallelepiped refrigeration unit may be provided as a combined face, and at most six faces may be provided as a combined face, as shown in FIG.
  • Each combination face is provided with a set of interface groups for connection with adjacent refrigeration units (or external water sources).
  • six water flow interfaces are provided as a group of interface groups in each combination surface. In actual use, according to actual needs, four water flow interfaces or other number of water flow interfaces are used as one interface group to be arranged on one combined surface. can.
  • the refrigeration unit is provided with four combined faces: an upper combined face 110, a left combined face 120, a lower combined face 130, and a right combined face 140.
  • a set of interface groups are respectively arranged on the four combined surfaces: hot water inlet, hot water outlet, cold water inlet, cold water outlet, cooling water inlet and cooling water outlet.
  • the upper combined surface 110 and the right combined surface 140 that can be seen in FIG.
  • a hot water inlet 111, a hot water outlet 112, a cold water inlet 113, a cold water outlet 114, a cooling water inlet 115, and a cooling water outlet 116 are respectively disposed on the upper combined surface 110;
  • the right combined surface 140 is provided with a hot water inlet 121, respectively.
  • the lower combined surface 130 opposite the upper combined surface 110 is provided with six identical water flow interfaces that are mirror symmetrical with the upper combined surface 110
  • the left combined surface 120 (back) opposite the right combined surface is provided with 140 is mirrored symmetrically with six identical water flow interfaces.
  • the symmetrical design of the upper and lower sides makes the corresponding water flow interfaces directly aligned and connected into one unit when the two refrigeration units are combined up and down or left and right.
  • hot water, cold water, and cooling water are used as energy vectors for energy transfer between the refrigeration unit and the outside or adjacent refrigeration units, in fact, other gases such as hot gases, cold gases, and cooling. Gas or the like can also be used as the energy medium of the present invention.
  • 2A is a schematic view showing the assembly explosion of the absorption refrigeration unit of the present invention.
  • the upper combined surface 110 of the absorption refrigeration unit is provided with a plurality of water flow channels (ie, internal passages) formed in cooperation with the housing wall plates; respectively, the hot water inlet pipe 211 and the hot water outlet water.
  • These water flow channels are in communication with the hot water inlet 111, the hot water outlet 112, the cold water inlet 113, the cold water outlet 114, the cooling water inlet 115, and the cooling water outlet 116, respectively, in FIG. H1, H2, L1, L2, M1 or M2 marks are respectively indicated at the bottom of the water flow channel.
  • a plurality of water flow channels formed in cooperation with the housing wall panel are provided in the right combination surface 140 of the refrigeration unit; respectively, a hot water inlet pipe 221, a hot water outlet pipe 222, and cold water.
  • the inlet pipe 223, the cold water outlet pipe 224, the cooling water inlet pipe 225, and the cooling water outlet pipe 226 are respectively combined with the hot water inlet 121, the hot water outlet 122, the cold water inlet 123, the cold water outlet 124, and the cooling described in FIG.
  • the water inlet 125 is in communication with the cooling water outlet 126.
  • the hot water pipes 211 and 221 on the upper combined surface 110 and the right combined surface 140 form a right angle elbow in the corners of the two combined faces to connect the hot water pipes in the two sides; the cold water and the cooling water pipes are also the same .
  • the hot water inlets 111, 121, ..., etc. on the four combined surfaces are connected to the inlet of the regenerator 201 through the hot water inlet pipes 211, 221, etc. that communicate with each other to provide heat energy to the refrigeration unit;
  • the four cold water inlets 113, 213, etc. of the water are connected to the inlet of the evaporator 203 through the cold water into the pipes 213, 223, etc.;
  • the four cooling water inlets 115, 125, etc. of the cooling water pass through the cooling water inlet pipe 215, 225, etc. are connected to the inlets of the condenser 202 and the absorber 204; thus, the refrigeration unit can simultaneously or separately access or extract hot water, cold water and cooling water from any combination surface.
  • the refrigeration unit can be attached to another refrigeration unit by any combination surface to form a refrigeration matrix.
  • 2B is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the absorption refrigeration unit of the present invention after the housing is removed;
  • Fig. 2B the outer surface shown in Figs. 1 and 2A is removed to expose the main components of the refrigeration unit of the present invention: including a regenerator 201, a condenser 202, an evaporator 203, an absorber 204, and a solution filling port. 205 (132 in FIG. 1), solution pump 206, solution tank 207, solution heat exchanger 208, and solution delivery conduit 209.
  • the regenerator 201 and the condenser 202 are at an upper portion of the cavity, and the evaporator 203, the absorber 204, the solution filling port 205, the solution pump 206, and the solution tank 207 are disposed at a lower portion of the cavity; the pressure at the upper portion of the cavity is higher than the cavity The pressure in the lower part of the body is separated from each other by the partition 241.
  • 3A and 3B are schematic diagrams of standard water flow interfaces of hot water, cold water and cooling water of the upper and lower combined surfaces of the refrigeration unit of the present invention, respectively.
  • the initial state of the standard water flow interface is closed.
  • the seal of the water flow interface can be cut and opened with a special tool (not shown), and then the two-way joint is connected.
  • FIG. 3C is a schematic view of a two-way joint for a refrigeration unit of the present invention
  • FIG. 3D is a schematic structural view of a standard water flow interface on both sides of the two-way structure of the present invention
  • the refrigeration unit 313 needs to be combined with another refrigeration unit 314;
  • the six water flow interfaces on the lower combination face of 313 need to be connected through the six water flow interfaces of the combined faces of the six two-way joints 310 and 314.
  • the hot water inlet H1 as an example (other water flow interfaces are the same)
  • the H1 interface of the combination surface of the lower part 313 and the upper surface of the 314 is cut and opened with a special tool, and then the two-way joint 310 is connected, and the two-way joint 310 is provided.
  • Barb 311 and O-rings 312, 315 are the hot water inlet H1 as an example (other water flow interfaces are the same).
  • the barbs 311 When connected, the barbs 311 are engaged with the inner wall of the water flow interface where the refrigeration units 313, 314 are located to form a self-locking structure; the two O-rings 312, 315 ensure the tightness of the two water flow interfaces H1 to be connected.
  • connection of the two refrigeration units 313, 314 combined above and below to the external water supply conduit may be connected at any one (or several) unused water flow interfaces of 313, 314 using the same two-way joint 310.
  • 3E and 3F are schematic diagrams of standard water flow interfaces of hot water, cold water and cooling water of the left and right combined surfaces of the refrigeration unit of the present invention, respectively.
  • the six standard water flow interfaces (H1, H2, L1, L2, M1, M2) on the left combined surface 120 and the right combined surface 140 are mirror-symmetrical to each other; thus, when one refrigeration unit and the other When one unit is juxtaposed to the left and right, the standard water flow interface on the left and right combination surfaces of the two units can be precisely aligned.
  • the connection of its water flow interface is the same as that described in Figure 3B.
  • the square hole of the solution heat exchanger 135 is reserved in the middle of the right combination surface 140, but not on the left combination surface 120. That is, the solution heat exchanger 135 is mounted in the body casing in which the combination face 140 is located.
  • FIG. 4A is a front perspective view of a water flow channel exposed after the cooling unit has removed the outer wall of the casing;
  • FIG. 4B is a partial enlarged view of the area E of FIG. 4A;
  • a vacuum gap 271 having a width of 3.5 to 4.5 mm is provided to ensure heat insulation between the high and low temperature hot water.
  • FIG. 4C is a rear perspective view of the water flow channel exposed after the removal of the cover by the refrigeration unit;
  • FIG. 4D is a partial enlarged view of the F area of FIG. 4C;
  • the cold water supplied from the external load passes through the channel 213 and the opening hole 253 in the rear panel to enter the evaporator 203 tube; the low-temperature cold water flowing out from the evaporator 203 tube 254 passes through the hot water outlet.
  • the conduit 214 is recirculated to the outside load; thus, a complete cold water passage is formed.
  • the passage of the cooling water is similar to the passage of hot water and cold water.
  • FIG. 5A is a schematic view showing the installation structure of the built-in solution heat exchanger of the refrigeration unit of the present invention.
  • the thickness of the solution heat exchanger 505 is small, and can be completely embedded in the rectangular region 135 on the body where the right combination surface 140 of the refrigeration unit is located in FIG. 1 to become the right combination surface 140 of the fuselage. Part of the heat transfer function, while increasing the strength of the fuselage.
  • the solution delivery conduit 509 of the solution heat exchanger is also a part of the right combination surface 140 of the refrigeration unit, which is completed together when the fuselage is molded, and the cross-sectional shape factor also serves to reduce the machine while completing the function of conveying the solution. Body weight, strengthen the strength of the fuselage.
  • the solution tank 510 is located at the lower portion of the refrigeration unit cavity, that is, the lower portion of the evaporator 203 and the absorber 204. During the operation of the refrigeration unit, the solution naturally flows back to the solution tank 510 depending on its own weight, during long-term storage and even during transportation. Except for the solution tank 510, no solution remains in other parts of the chamber.
  • FIG. 5B is a schematic view showing the structure of the exposed heat exchange wall plate after the outer cover of the solution heat exchanger is removed in FIG. 5A;
  • the baffle 512 blocks the two circular water flow ports 501 and 504 on the diagonal of the heat exchange wall 520, allowing only the high temperature hot solution from the regenerator solution outlet 514 to be connected to 514.
  • the interface 506 flows into the solution heat exchanger and flows along the diagonal direction of the heat exchange wall to the interface 502, and then flows through the pipe 508 connected to the 502 to the absorber 204 and sprays.
  • the washer 512 is flipped 180 in the vertical direction (not shown); while blocking both interfaces 502 and 506, only the low temperature dilute solution is allowed to act under the action of the solution pump 503.
  • 501 flows into the solution heat exchanger, then flows along another diagonal to 504, and then passes through line 509 connected to 504 to the regenerator solution inlet and sprays.
  • Figure 6A is a schematic view of a throttling device in the refrigeration unit of the present invention
  • Figure 6B is a line along the G-G line in Figure 6A Cross-sectional view
  • Fig. 6C is a partial enlarged view of the area where the orifice 600 of Fig. 6B is located.
  • FIG. 6A, 6B, and 6C show a throttling device 600 of the present invention.
  • the throttling device 600 is disposed on the partition 241 of FIG. 2B at the bottom of the condenser 202;
  • the throttling device 600 further includes a narrow strip-shaped irregular V-shaped groove 601; the V-shaped groove 601 gradually increases in depth from the two sides to the intermediate position, and the throttling device 600 has a diameter of 2 at the deepest point of 601.
  • the circular through hole 602 is always sealed by the refrigerant water body, and blocks the high-temperature refrigerant vapor in the condenser and the low-temperature refrigerant water vapor in the evaporator, thereby ensuring the evaporator 203 The normal work.
  • the refrigerant water generated by the condenser 202 is deposited in the V-shaped groove 601; according to the change in the flow rate of the refrigerant water, the height of the liquid in the V-shaped groove 601 changes accordingly, and the flow rate is adjusted by the height of the liquid in the V-shaped groove 601.
  • the orifice 602 On the side facing the evaporator 203, the orifice 602 is gradually enlarged to form an inverted trumpet 603.
  • the inverted flared shape 603 also makes the orifice 602 less susceptible to fouling by dirt.
  • Figure 7A is an assembled view of the regenerator 201 and the condenser 202 in the refrigeration unit of the present invention
  • Figure 7B is a partial enlarged view of the area circled in Figure 7A;
  • the regenerator 201 is spatially evenly arranged by a stainless steel tube 704 having a nominal outer diameter of 3 mm to form a shell-and-tube heat exchanger composed of a 15 ⁇ 36 heat exchange tube array; the condenser 202 heat exchange tube arrangement and regenerator 201 Roughly the same, except that the center line of the heat exchange tube 701 has an inclination angle of 0 to 10° with respect to the horizontal direction; between the upper and lower rows of the heat exchange tubes 701 and 704, a flow guiding groove 702 is provided; the flow guiding groove 702
  • the regenerator 201 and the condenser 202 are traversed.
  • a solution distributor 711 is disposed at an upper portion of the first row of heat exchange tubes 704 of the regenerator 201; the solution distributor 711 has four rows of a total of 12 rectangular vent holes 712; a dilute solution supplied from the solution heat exchanger. First, it flows into the solution distributor 711, and is evenly distributed to the heat exchange tubes 704 through the 12 bleed holes 712. Thereafter, the action of the solution dispenser 711 is replaced by a flow guiding groove 702.
  • a rectangular relief hole 712 which is identical to the solution distributor 711; each row of rectangular drain holes on the flow guiding groove 702 and each row of rectangular drain holes on the solution distributor 711, and subsequent Diversion channel
  • Each row of rectangular venting holes on the top is staggered in position; so that the solution cannot be directly dropped from the last row of bleed holes to the next row of bleed holes, but flows in a zig-zag route between the solution and the heat exchange tubes.
  • the contact time is greatly lengthened to ensure that the solution has sufficient time to exchange heat and release the refrigerant.
  • support bars 713 with inclination angles of 45° to 135°, which are both the support of the heat exchange tubes and the diversion function, forcing the solution to continuously change direction in the deflector, thereby increasing the locality. Turbulence effect, enhanced heat transfer.
  • a refrigerant water drain hole 721 is provided at the bottom edge of the condenser 202; the refrigerant water drain holes on each row of the flow guide grooves are aligned with each other in the vertical direction, and the condenser 202 evaporates the refrigerant vapor from the regenerator 201, Cooling and condensing into refrigerant water, the refrigerant water is directly dripped down to the lowermost flow guiding groove of the condenser 202 and by the throttling device 602 shown in FIG. 6 under the action of gravity, and then After the throttle device 602 is throttled down, it flows to the evaporator 203.
  • a slope type liquid barrier 703 is disposed between the regenerator 201 and the heat exchange tubes of the condenser 202; the droplets entrained in the refrigerant vapor generated in the regenerator 201 are blocked by the liquid barrier 703, and only the vapor is allowed to enter. Condenser 202.
  • the heat transfer tubes 704 and 701 of the regenerator 201 and the condenser 202 have a center-to-center distance of 3.5 to 4.5 mm in the horizontal direction and a 6.5 to 7.5 mm in the vertical direction.
  • the heat exchange tube has a high density of arrangement and a large heat transfer area per unit volume.
  • Figure 8A is an assembled view of the evaporator and the absorber in the refrigeration unit of the present invention
  • Figure 8B is a partial enlarged view of the area K in Figure 8A;
  • FIG. 8A, 8B The first row of heat exchange tubes in Figures 8A, 8B has been removed to show the bottom details of the baffles.
  • Both the evaporator 203 and the absorber 204 are spatially evenly arranged into a 15 ⁇ 36 heat exchange tube array by a SS304 stainless steel tube 801 having a nominal outer diameter of 3 mm to form a shell-and-tube heat exchange structure;
  • the upper portion of the absorber 204 in Fig. 8B is provided with a solution dispenser 803 which is identical in shape and function to the solution dispenser 711 in the regenerator 201 of Fig. 7.
  • FIG. 8B no distributor is disposed on the evaporator 203, and the bottom of the flow guiding groove 802 of the evaporator 203 is not provided with an inclination angle as the condenser 202 guiding groove 702 in FIG. 7, and the guiding groove 802 is in the evaporator.
  • the 203 side is presented as a flat shallow groove 811.
  • a sloping liquid barrier 805 is provided, and the droplets entrained in the refrigerant vapor generated in the evaporator 203 are blocked by the liquid barrier 805, and only the vapor is allowed to enter the absorber. 204.
  • inverted triangular venting holes 806 are provided for uniformly discharging the refrigerant water in the guiding groove 802 to the surface of the lower heat exchange tube.
  • the flow in the shallow groove of the lower layer exchanges heat with the heat exchange tube of the lower layer, and the flow of the refrigerant water is guided and distributed through the guide groove 802, so that the refrigerant water is uniformly infiltrated and flows through each row of the heat exchange tubes.
  • the inverted triangular drain hole 806 can automatically adjust the deposition height of the refrigerant fluid in the shallow bottom shallow groove 811 according to the flow rate of the refrigerant water: when the flow rate of the refrigerant water is large, the liquid height reaches the upper portion of the inverted triangular hole, and the liquid discharge amount is increased; When the flow rate of the refrigerant water is small, the liquid level is low, and the liquid discharge amount is also reduced by the lower portion of the inverted triangular hole. Therefore, when the refrigeration load is small and the refrigerant flow rate is small, the refrigerant water can uniformly infiltrate the heat exchange tube 801, reduce the chance of "dry spots" on the surface of the heat exchange tube, and improve the evaporation heat transfer coefficient.
  • the heat transfer tubes 801 of the evaporator 203 and the absorber 204 have a center-to-center distance of 3.5 to 4.5 mm in the horizontal direction and 6.5 to 7.5 mm in the vertical direction.
  • the heat exchange tube has a high density of arrangement and a large heat transfer area per unit volume.
  • 9A is a schematic structural view showing that a unit-combined refrigeration matrix of the present invention is connected in a row by left and right combination faces of a refrigeration unit;
  • the integer In the figure, the refrigeration matrix is combined and expanded in the horizontal direction by four refrigeration units 901, 902, 903, and 904, and the four refrigeration units are closely attached to each other through the left and right combination faces, and the water flow interface on the left and right combination faces passes through the water flow interface shown in FIG. 3C.
  • the two-way connector is connected.
  • the four units constitute a 4 x 1 x 1 dimensional refrigeration matrix.
  • n units can constitute an n ⁇ 1 ⁇ 1 dimensional cooling matrix.
  • the various streams of water (hot water, cold water, cooling water) supplied from the external water supply system can be accessed or extracted from the water flow interface on one or more of the combined surfaces in the matrix.
  • 9B is a schematic structural view showing that the unit-combined refrigeration matrix of the present invention is connected by a front and rear combination surface of the refrigeration unit;
  • a unit-combined refrigerating matrix composed of k cooling units is formed, and k is ⁇ 2.
  • the integer In the figure, the refrigeration matrix is combined and expanded in the horizontal direction by three refrigeration units 905, 906 and 907, and the six surfaces of the three refrigeration units are combined surfaces, and the water flow interfaces on the front and rear combined surfaces are closely adhered to each other through the front and rear combined surfaces. Connected by the two-way joint shown in Figure 3C.
  • the three units constitute a 1 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 3 dimensional cooling matrix.
  • k units can constitute a 1 ⁇ 1 ⁇ k-dimensional refrigeration matrix.
  • the various streams of water (hot water, cold water, cooling water) supplied from the external water supply system can be accessed or extracted from the water flow interface on one or more of the combined surfaces in the matrix.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the connection structure of the unit-combined refrigeration matrix of the present invention connected by the upper and lower combined faces of the refrigeration unit;
  • a unit-combined refrigerating matrix composed of m cooling units is formed, and m is ⁇ 2.
  • the refrigeration matrix is combined and expanded in the vertical direction by three refrigeration units 1001, 1002, and 1003.
  • the three refrigeration units are in close contact with each other through the upper and lower combined surfaces, and the water flow interface on the combined surface passes through the two-way joint shown in FIG. 3C. Connected.
  • the three units constitute a 1 x 3 x 1 dimensional refrigeration matrix.
  • m units can constitute a 1 ⁇ m ⁇ 1 dimensional cooling matrix.
  • the various streams of water (hot water, cold water, cooling water) supplied from the external water supply system can be accessed or extracted from one or more water flow interfaces that are free in the matrix.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing a connection structure in which a unit-combined refrigeration matrix of the present invention is arranged in a vertical plane by a combination of upper and lower and left and right combination faces of a refrigeration unit.
  • n rows and m columns are arranged on the left and right sides and the upper and lower four combined faces, and are connected to each other in a vertical plane, a planar type composed of n ⁇ m cooling units is formed.
  • the refrigeration matrix is combined and expanded by the nine refrigeration units 1101, 1102, 1103, ..., 1109 in both the horizontal and vertical directions, and the refrigeration units are closely attached to each other by the upper, lower, and left and right combination surfaces, and the water flow interface on the combined surface passes through FIG. 3C.
  • the two-way joints shown are connected.
  • the nine units constitute a 3 x 3 dimensional cooling matrix.
  • n ⁇ m units can constitute an n ⁇ m ⁇ 1 dimensional refrigeration matrix.
  • the various water flows (hot water, cold water, cooling water) supplied to the matrix from the external water supply system can be free from one of the matrices or Multiple water flow interfaces are connected or taken out.
  • n-row and k-layer refrigeration units are arranged on the left and right, front and back (four combined faces, which are arranged in a horizontal plane, the arrangement is similar to that in Figure 11, except that the combined faces are different.
  • the same reason The m-column and k-layer refrigeration units are similar in the case where the upper and lower sides, the front and rear four combined faces are arranged in a vertical plane, and are not described herein.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the connection structure of the unit-combined refrigeration matrix of the present invention, which is arranged in a three-dimensional arrangement by six combined surfaces of the left and right, upper and lower, and front and rear of the refrigeration unit.
  • n-row, m-column, and k-layer refrigeration units are connected in a three-dimensional arrangement in which the six combined surfaces of the left and right, the upper and lower sides, and the front and the rear are connected to each other, n ⁇ m ⁇ k cooling is formed.
  • a three-dimensional unit combined refrigeration matrix composed of cells, wherein n, m, and k are both 3.
  • Such a refrigerating unit is different from the four faces shown in FIGS. 9A, 10, and 11 in the same manner as in FIG. 9B, and each of the six faces is a combined face, and assembly in six plane directions can be realized.
  • the refrigeration matrix is combined and expanded by the refrigeration unit 110 and the other 26 refrigeration units in the horizontal and vertical three-dimensional directions (some refrigeration unit marks are omitted in the figure), and the refrigeration units are tightly connected by the upper, lower, left and right, front and rear combined surfaces.
  • the water flow interfaces on the combination surface are connected at the interfaces 101, 102, 103 and the like through the two-way joint shown in FIG. 3C.
  • 27 units constitute a 3 x 3 x 3 dimensional cooling matrix.
  • n ⁇ m ⁇ k units can constitute an n ⁇ m ⁇ k-dimensional refrigeration matrix.
  • the various streams of water (hot water, cold water, cooling water) supplied from the external water supply system can be accessed or extracted from one or more water flow interfaces that are free in the matrix.
  • n, m, and k are all the same and connected to a cube matrix constituting a rule.
  • n, m, and k may be different, and the cooling unit on each column, each row, and each layer is based on In the actual use environment, there may be vacancies, and the cooling unit combination surface of the vacant position may be sealed by using the cut-off joint, and does not affect the use of the overall refrigeration matrix.

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Abstract

一种单元组合式制冷矩阵，包括至少两个制冷单元，该制冷单元为制冷机；每个制冷单元设有至少两组接口群，每组接口群设有若干进出接口；制冷单元的能量媒介通过进出接口输入或输出；传输同种能量媒介的接口在制冷单元内部相互导通。该单元组合式制冷矩阵是规格统一、接口统一、能提供基本制冷功率的独立制冷单元，n×m×k个这样的标准制冷单元，组合成功率为n×m×k倍于单元制冷功率的n×m×k维制冷矩阵，能够满足更广泛的市场需求，保证了产品质量，提高了生产效率，降低了综合成本，又可以快速地形成市场规模。

Description

单元组合式制冷矩阵 技术领域
本发明涉及制冷机领域，特别涉及一种单元组合式制冷矩阵。
背景技术
制冷行业的迅猛发展迫切需要市场能够提供各种类型、不同容量的制冷机以满足不同制冷功率的需求，同时要求提高对能源的利用率。
目前作为主要类型的溴化锂吸收式制冷机一般是单机单容量的，对应不同的客户需求，只能选择制造不同型号、不同规格、不同容量的制冷机予以满足。这种单机单容量的吸收式制冷机因型号或容量不同只能根据订单来组织制造，无法预先组织资源进行大批量的生产，市场响应速度慢且制造成本高，严重制约了制冷机行业的发展。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决前述技术问题，提供一种单元组合式制冷矩阵。所谓单元指的是标准的、规格统一小型高效吸收式制冷机，具备独立的制冷能力，提供基本制冷功率；所谓组合指的是以所述小型制冷单元为元素，在水平和垂直三维方向任意插接、无缝扩展；所谓制冷矩阵，是一台由n×m×k个吸收式制冷单元所组成的制冷设备，具体技术方案如下：
一种制冷机作为制冷单元，并运用至少两台所述制冷单元来构造单元组合式制冷矩阵。
每个制冷单元设有至少两组接口群，每组接口群设有若干进出接口；
所述制冷单元的能量媒介通过所述进出接口输入或输出；每组接口群均能完整满足与外界的连接需求。传输同种能量媒介的接口在制冷单元内部相互导通。
进一步的，制冷单元设有至少两个组合面；每个组合面上至少分布一组接口群；相邻的制冷单元通过组合面上的接口相互连接。
进一步的，制冷单元机身壳体内设置有内部通道；所述内部通道将不同组合面上传输同种能量媒介的接口相互导通，使任何组合面均可输入和输出能量媒介。
进一步的，将所述制冷单元的机身设计为长方体，并以长方体的6个表面为组合面，连接相邻的制冷单元。
所述单元组合式制冷矩阵通过相邻制冷单元的组合面相互紧密贴合连接组成。
当n个所述制冷单元在左右两侧组合面相互连接时，构成n个制冷单元组成的单元组合式制冷矩阵，n为≥2的整数；
当m个所述制冷单元在上下两侧组合面相互连接时，构成m个制冷单元组成的单元组合式制冷矩阵，m为≥2的整数；
当k个所述制冷单元在前后两侧组合面相互连接时，构成k个制冷单元组成的单元组合式制冷矩阵，k为≥2的整数。
进一步的，当n行、m列所述制冷单元在左右、上下四个组合面，相互连接呈竖直面排列时，构成n×m个制冷单元组成的平面式单元组合式制冷矩阵，m、n为≥1的整数，且n×m≥2的整数；
当n行、k层所述制冷单元在左右、前后四个组合面，相互连接呈水平面排列时，构成n×k个制冷单元组成的平面式单元组合式制冷矩阵，n、k为≥1的整数，且n×k≥2的整数；
当m列、k层所述制冷单元在上下、前后四个组合面，相互连接呈竖直面排列时，构成m×k个制冷单元组成的平面式单元组合式制冷矩阵，m、k为≥1的整数，且m×k≥2的整数。
进一步的，当n行、m列、k层所述制冷单元在左右、上下、前后六个组合面，相互连接呈立体式排列时，构成n×m×k个制冷单元组成的立体式单元组合式制冷矩阵，m、n、k为≥1的整数，且n×m×k≥2的整数。
如构成制冷矩阵的n×m×k个制冷单元的第i个单元的功率为Pi，则n×m×k个制冷单元组合而成的单元组合式制冷矩阵的功率为P＝∑Pi(i＝1，2，3…，n×m×k；n×m×k≥2的整数)。
进一步的，以吸收式制冷机为制冷单元，称为吸收式制冷单元。所述吸收式制冷单元通过各自组合面上的水流接口相互连接，所述能量媒介为热水、冷水和冷却水。
进一步的，所述吸收式制冷单元设有至少两组水流接口群，每组水流接口群包括热水的入口和出口、冷水的入口和出口，以及冷却水的入口和出口。
进一步的，所述吸收式制冷单元设有至少两个组合面；每个组合面设有一组水流接口群；相邻的吸收式制冷单元通过组合面上的水流接口相互连接。
进一步的，所述吸收式制冷单元的热水入口与相邻吸收式制冷单元的热水入口相互导通，冷水入口与相邻吸收式制冷单元的冷水入口相互导通，冷却水入口与相邻吸收式制冷单元的冷却水入口相互导通；
所述吸收式制冷单元的热水出口与相邻吸收式制冷单元的热水出口相互导通，冷水出口与相邻吸收式制冷单元的冷水出口相互导通，冷却水出口与相邻吸收式制冷单元的冷却水出口相互导通。
进一步的，所述水流接口包括插座与插头；所述插头端部设有倒勾和O型密封圈；所述倒勾插入并卡合在所述插座的内壁，形成自锁结构；所述O型密封圈垫设在所述插头与插座之间，用于达到密封的目的。
进一步的，将所述水流接口插头运用于活动接头。所述活动接头分别为二通接头和截止接头两种结构；当连接二通接头时，水流接口导通；当连接截止接头时，水流接口关闭。所述二通接头两端为水流接口插头；所述截止接头一端为水流接口插头，另一端封闭。
进一步的，将二通接头运用于所述吸收式制冷单元的连接。所述吸收式制冷单元上下两个组合面上水流接口的位置、左右两个组合面上水流接口的位置，均镜像对称，从而使得两个吸收式制冷单元在垂直或水平方向上相组合时，相应组合面上的水流接口通过二通接头直接插接。
进一步的，所述吸收式制冷单元内部还包括一体式水流管道系统：设置在所述吸收式制冷单元机身壳体内；将不同组合面上的相应水流接口相互连通，并与所述吸收式制冷单元内部的换热器管程相连接，使得所述吸收式制冷单元从任何一个组合面均可同时或分别引入引出热水、冷水和冷却水。
进一步的，所述内置式溶液热交换器：所述内置式溶液热交换器设置在所述吸收式制冷单元内，用于将吸收式制冷单元内的低温稀溶液与高温浓溶液进行热交换；
所述溶液热交换器包括用于热交换的换热壁板与溶液热交换器壳体，所述换热壁板与所述壳体共同构成浓溶液与稀溶液通道；
当所述低温稀溶液与高温浓溶液通过不同的通道与所述换热壁板接触时，由所述换热壁板进行热交换。
进一步的，所述溶液箱：用于向所述吸收式制冷单元的再生器提供溶液。所述溶液箱包括箱体和溶液注入口；所述箱体与所述吸收式制冷单元内部空间结构相适应，并内嵌在所述吸收式制冷单元的机体下部，用于存储并向所述再生器提供溶液；所述溶液注入口，设置在所述箱体上，用于将溶液注入所述箱体。
进一步的，所述斜面导流冷凝器，包括若干排呈上下层排列的导流槽，及铺设在各层导流槽上方的换热管。冷媒蒸气在所述换热管外部流动，冷却水在所述换热管内部流通；冷媒蒸气与所述换热管接触时，与换热管内部的冷却水发生热交换而液化成冷凝水，并被所述导流槽收集并导流流出。
进一步的，所述节流装置，包括：
汇流槽，设置在吸收式制冷单元冷凝器底部最低处，用于沉积所述冷凝器内冷媒水；
节流孔，设置在所述汇流槽的槽底最低处，用于将所述汇流槽内沉积的冷媒水排出。
进一步的，所述无循环泵冷媒蒸发器，包括若干排呈上下层排列的导流槽，及铺设在各层导流槽上方的换热管。冷媒水在所述换热管外部流动，冷水在所述换热管内部流通；所述导流槽侧壁上设有若干泄流孔，使冷媒水流向下层导流槽，以保持冷媒液浸没换热管。
进一步的，所述浅槽式换热机构，包括：
浅槽式换热器，由若干排呈上下层排列的导流槽和换热管组成；
溶液分配器，设置在所述浅槽式换热器上部；所述溶液分配器是封闭型长方体，内部为腔体，下部为溶液喷洒面，所述溶液喷洒面尺寸与换热器上端面相同。
进一步的，所述的热水可以为热的气体；所述的冷水可以为冷的气体；所述的冷却水可以为冷却气体。
进一步的，作为所述制冷单元的所述制冷机，包括吸收式制冷机和压缩式制冷机。
进一步的，所述吸收式制冷单元的机身壳体、水流接口、一体式水流管道系统、以及溶液箱，均为工程塑料制作；所述制冷单元的换热管及所述换热壁板由不锈钢材料制作；所述制冷单元的换热媒介采用溴化锂溶液。
本发明的有益效果在于：
设计制造规格统一、接口统一的、能提供基本制冷功率的独立制冷单元，一个单元即是独立完整的制冷机；n×m×k个这样的标准制冷单元，可以无缝式连接，组合成功率为n×m×k倍于单元制冷功率的n×m×k维制冷矩阵，以满足更广泛的市场需求。既保证产品质量、提高生产效率、降低综合成本，又可以快速地形成市场规模。其中，制冷机可以为吸收式制冷机，还可以为压缩式制冷机。
标准制冷单元选用工程塑料和不锈钢管作为主要材料，两种材料具有良好的防吸收剂腐蚀的能力，从根本上避免了不凝气体产生的影响。
制冷单元的密封运用了瓶塞原理，保证了单元气密性和液密性，改善了防泄露指标，大大增加制冷单元的工作可靠性，减少运营成本。
标准制冷单元采用精密注塑工艺，提高部件的集成度，从而大幅度缩小制冷单元的体积和重量，分别为相同容量下传统吸收式制冷机的十分之一。
综上所述，本发明以标准制冷单元通过积木式组合构成容量可变的制冷矩阵，可大大提高生产效率、降低制造成本和生产周期，降低体积和重量、减少占用空间，拓宽了市场应用范围。
附图说明
图1是本发明制冷单元的外部结构示意图；
图2A是本发明吸收式制冷单元装配爆炸示意图；
图2B是本发明吸收式制冷单元拆除壳体后的内部结构示意图；
图3A、3B分别是本发明的制冷单元上、下两组合面的热水、冷水、冷却水标准水流接口示意图；
图3C是本发明的制冷单元上的二通接头示意图；
图3D是本发明的二通结构连接两侧标准水流接口的结构示意图；
图3E、3F分别是本发明的制冷单元的左、右两个组合面的热水、冷水、冷却水标准水流接口示意图；
图4A是制冷单元拆除了壳体外壁板后裸露出的水流槽道立体图；
图4B是图4A中E区域的局部放大图；
图4C是制冷单元拆除了盖板后裸露出的水流槽道后向立体图；
图4D是图4C中F区域的局部放大图；
图5A是本发明的制冷单元内置式溶液热交换器的安装结构示意图；
图5B是图5A中拆除了溶液热交换器外盖后裸露的换热壁板结构示意图；
图6A是本发明制冷单元中节流装置示意图；
图6B是图6A中沿G-G线的截面视图；
图6C是图6B中H区域的局部放大图；
图7A是本发明的制冷单元内再生器与冷凝器的装配图；
图7B是图7A中I区域的局部放大图；
图8A是本发明的制冷单元内蒸发器与吸收器的装配图；
图8B是图8A中K区域的局部放大图；
图9A为本发明单元组合式制冷矩阵由制冷单元左右组合面连接呈排的结构示意图；
图9B为本发明单元组合式制冷矩阵由制冷单元前后组合面连接呈排的结构示意图；
图10为本发明单元组合式制冷矩阵由制冷单元上下组合面连接呈排的连接结构示意图；
图11为本发明单元组合式制冷矩阵由制冷单元上下、左右组合面连接呈竖直面排列的连接结构示意图；
图12为本发明单元组合式制冷矩阵由制冷单元左右、上下、前后六个组合面连接呈立体式排列的连接结构示意图。
具体实施方式
附图构成本说明书的一部分；下面将参考附图对本发明的各种具体实施方式进行描述。应能理解的是，为了方便说明，本发明使用了表示方向的术语，诸如“前”、“后”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等来描述本发明的各种示例结构部分和元件，但这些方向术语仅仅是依据附图中所显示的示例方位来确定的。由于本发明所公开的实施例可以按照不同的方向设置，所以这些表示方向的术语只是作为说明而不应视作为限制。在可能的情况下，本发明中使用的相同或者相类似的附图标记，指的是相同的部件。
图1是本发明制冷单元的外部结构示意图；
如图1所示，制冷单元的外形为长方体结构。在长方形机身的内部设置有再生器、冷凝器、蒸发器、吸收器、溶液热交换器、溶液箱等。制冷单元本身既是一台独立的吸收式制冷机，标称制冷功率为4RT(简称单元功率)，又是一个1×1维的制冷矩阵。同时，多个制冷单元又可以在水平和垂直两个方向自由组合、无缝扩展，形成功率为n×m倍于单元功率的n×m维制冷矩阵。其中无缝指的是紧密贴合。
长方体的制冷单元6个面中至少有2个面可以设置成组合面，最多可以6个面全部都设置成组合面，如图12所示。每个组合面设置有一组接口群，用于与相邻的制冷单元(或外界水源)相连接。而且以每个组合面设有6个水流接口作为一组接口群，实际使用中，根据实际需求，用其中4个水流接口或其他个数的水流接口作为一个接口群设置在一个组合面上亦可。
为了实现多个单元相互组合，作为一个实施例，制冷单元设置了四个组合面：上组合面110、左组合面120、下组合面130和右组合面140。四个组合面上分别设置一组接口群：热水入口、热水出口、冷水入口、冷水出口、冷却水入口和冷却水出口。以图1能看见的上组合面110和右组合面140为 例：在上组合面110上分别设有热水入口111、热水出口112、冷水入口113、冷水出口114、冷却水入口115和冷却水出口116；右组合面140分别设有热水入口121、热水出口122、冷水入口123、冷水出口124、冷却水入口125和冷却水出口126。事实上，在与上组合面110相对的下组合面130设有与上组合面110呈镜像对称的6个相同的水流接口，在与右组合面相对的左组合面120(背面)设有与140呈镜像对称的6个相同的水流接口。这种上下左右相对称的设计，使得当两个制冷单元在上下组合或左右组合时，相应的水流接口能直接对准并连接成一个整体。
此外，在本发明实施例中，用热水、冷水、冷却水作为制冷单元与外界或相邻的制冷单元之间能量传递的能量媒介，事实上，其他例如热的气体、冷的气体和冷却气体等也可以作为本发明的能量媒介。
图2A是本发明吸收式制冷单元装配爆炸示意图；
在图2A中，吸收式制冷单元的上组合面110内暗设有与壳体壁板相配合形成的多条水流槽道(即内部通道)；分别为热水进水管道211、热水出水管道212、冷水进水管道213、冷水出水管道214、冷却水进水管道215和冷却水出水管道216。这些水流槽道分别与图1中的热水入口111、热水出口112、冷水入口113、冷水出口114、冷却水入口115和冷却水出口116相连通。在水流槽道的底部分别标示有H1、H2、L1、L2、M1或M2记号。
同理，在图2A中，制冷单元的右组合面140内暗设有与壳体壁板相配合形成的多条水流槽道；分别为热水进水管道221、热水出水管道222、冷水进入管道223、冷水出水管道224、冷却水进水管道225和冷却水出水管道226，且分别与图1中所述的热水入口121、热水出口122、冷水入口123、冷水出口124、冷却水入口125和冷却水出口126相连通。
上组合面110与右组合面140上的热水管道211与221在两组合面的拐角处中形成一个直角弯头，将两侧面里的热水管道连通在一起；冷水、冷却水管道亦如此。
如此，四个组合面上的热水入口111、121……等通过互相连通的热水进水管道211、221……等与再生器201的入口相连，为制冷单元提供热能；冷 水的四个冷水入口113、213……等通过冷水进入管道213、223……等与蒸发器203的入口相连；冷却水的四个冷却水入口115、125……等通过冷却水进水管道215、225……等与冷凝器202及吸收器204的入口相连；从而，制冷单元从任何一个组合面上均可同时或分别接入或引出热水、冷水和冷却水。换言之，制冷单元可通过任何一个组合面与另一个制冷单元贴合并连接，构成制冷矩阵。
图2B是本发明吸收式制冷单元拆除壳体后的内部结构示意图；
图2B中，将图1和图2A中所示的外表面拆除，裸露出本发明的制冷单元的主要部件：包括再生器201、冷凝器202、蒸发器203、吸收器204、溶液加注口205(图1中的132)、溶液泵206、溶液箱207、溶液热交换器208及溶液输送管道209。其中，再生器201与冷凝器202处于腔体的上部，蒸发器203、吸收器204、溶液加注口205、溶液泵206及溶液箱207设置在腔体下部；腔体上部的压力高于腔体下部的压力，二者由隔板241相互隔开。
图3A、3B分别是本发明的制冷单元上、下两组合面的热水、冷水、冷却水标准水流接口示意图
图3A、3B可以看出，上组合面110与下组合面130(仰视)上的六个标准水流接口(H1、H2、L1、L2、M1、M2)互为镜像对称；从而，当一个制冷单元与另一个单元呈上下组合时，两个单元的上下两个面上的标准水流接口(端口)能够精确对准；
标准水流接口的初始状态为封闭状态。当某个水流接口需要打开时，可先用专用工具(图中未画出)将该水流接口的封口切割而打开，然后连接二通接头。
图3C是本发明的制冷单元用的二通接头示意图；图3D是本发明的二通结构连接两侧标准水流接口的结构示意图；
图3C、3D可以看出，制冷单元313需要与另一个制冷单元314上下组合； 313的下组合面上的六个水流接口需要通过六个二通接头310与314上组合面的六个水流接口相连接。以热水入口H1为例(其他水流接口与之相同)，先用专用工具将313下组合面及314上组合面的H1接口切割打开，然后连接二通接头310，二通接头310上设有倒勾311和O型密封圈312、315。连接时，倒勾311卡合在制冷单元313、314所在的水流接口的内壁，形成自锁结构；由两个O型密封圈312、315保证被连接的两个水流接口H1的密封性。
上下组合的两个制冷单元313、314与外界的供水管道的连接，可在313、314的任何一个(或几个)未使用的水流接口、采用相同的二通接头310连接。
图3E、3F分别是本发明的制冷单元的左、右两个组合面的热水、冷水、冷却水标准水流接口示意图。
如图3E、3F所示，左组合面120与右组合面140上的六个标准水流接口(H1、H2、L1、L2、M1、M2)互为镜像对称；从而，当一个制冷单元与另一个单元呈左右并列时，两个单元的左右两个组合面上的标准水流接口能够精确对准。其水流接口的连接方式与图3B所述方法相同。
需要说明的是，右组合面140上中间预留有溶液热交换器135的方形孔，而左组合面120上则没有。也就是说，溶液热交换器135是安装在组合面140所在的机身壳体内。
图4A是制冷单元拆除了壳体外壁板后裸露出的水流槽道前向立体图；图4B是图4A中E区域的局部放大图；
如图4A、4B所示，外部供来的热水经过211，及在上部和右部在槽底分别印有H1标记的直角弯头、以及设在前部面板上的热水隔板261，流入再生器201管程的入口251；从再生器201管程出口252流出的低温热水，经过直角弯头H2，从热水出口通道212向外部热源回流；如此，形成完整的供热通路。
热水通道211与212之间，设有宽度为3.5～4.5mm的真空间隙271，以保证高、低温热水之间的隔热。
图4C是制冷单元拆除了盖板后裸露出的水流槽道后向立体图；图4D是图4C中F区域的局部放大图；
图4C、4D所示，外部负荷供来的冷水经过槽道213、以及后部面板上的开口孔253进入蒸发器203管程；从蒸发器203管程254流出的低温冷水，经过热水出水管道214向外部负荷回流；如此，形成完整的冷水通路。
冷却水的通路与热水、冷水的通路类似。
图5A是本发明的制冷单元内置式溶液热交换器的安装结构示意图；
如图5A所示，溶液热交换器505本体的厚度很小，可以完全暗嵌在图1中制冷单元右组合面140所在的机身上的矩形区域135之内，成为机身右组合面140的一部分，在完成换热功能的同时，又起到增加机身强度的作用。
在图5A中，溶液热交换器的溶液输送管道509，也是制冷单元右组合面140的一部分，在机身塑造时一起完成，在完成输送溶液功能的同时，其截面形状因素也起到减轻机身重量、加强机身强度的作用。
在图5A中，溶液箱510位于制冷单元腔体下部，也即蒸发器203和吸收器204的下部，制冷单元工作期间，溶液会依赖自重自然流回溶液箱510，长期放置时乃至运输过程中，除溶液箱510外，腔体其它部位没有溶液残留。
图5B是图5A中拆除了溶液热交换器外盖后裸露的换热壁板结构示意图；
图5B中，换热壁板520上被压制出密集的、规则的、织纹状的凸条522。这些凸条522用于支撑换热壁板以承受真空压力，并使流过凸条的流体产生紊流以提高传热系数。
图5B中，隔流垫圈512将换热壁板520对角线上的两个圆形水流接口501和504阻断，只允许从再生器溶液出口514而来的高温热溶液，从与514相连的接口506流入溶液热交换器，再沿换热壁板对角线方向流向接口502，再经过与502相连的管道508流向吸收器204并喷淋。与之相邻的另一通道，垫圈512在垂直方向翻转了180(图中未画出)；在阻断502和506两个接口的同时，只允许低温稀溶液在溶液泵503的作用下从501流入溶液热交换器，再沿另一对角线流向504，再经过与504相连的管道509流向再生器溶液入口并喷淋。
图6A是本发明制冷单元中节流装置示意图；图6B是图6A中沿G-G线的 截面视图；图6C是图6B中节流孔600所在区域的局部放大图。
图6A、6B、6C所示，为本发明的节流装置600，结合图2B，节流装置600设置在图2B中的隔板241上，位于冷凝器202的底部；在面向冷凝器202的一侧，节流装置600还包括一窄长条状的不规则V形槽601；V形槽601从两边向中间位置深度逐渐增加，节流装置600在601的最深处开有一个直径为2～2.5mm的圆形通孔602；圆形通孔602始终被冷媒水体所封住，阻断了冷凝器内的高温冷媒蒸气与蒸发器内的低温冷媒水蒸气相互窜通，确保蒸发器203的正常工作。
冷凝器202产生的冷媒水，会沉积在V形槽601中；根据冷媒水流量的变化，V形槽601中积液高度会相应地变化，通过V形槽601的积液高度来调节流量。
在面向蒸发器203的一侧，节流孔602口径逐渐扩大，形成一个倒喇叭形603。冷媒水流经节流孔602时产生很大的压力降，确保冷媒水从压力较高的再生压力降低到蒸发所需要的较低的饱和压力，从而实现节流降压的功能。同时，倒喇叭形603也使得节流孔602更不容易被污垢堵塞。
图7A是本发明的制冷单元内再生器201与冷凝器202的装配图；图7B是图7A中所圈示区域的局部放大图；
图7A、7B中冷凝器202的首排换热管已拆除以显示导流槽702的底部细节。再生器201由公称外径为3mm的不锈钢管704在空间上均匀排列，形成一个由15×36换热管阵列构成的管壳式换热器；冷凝器202换热管的排列与再生器201大致相同，只是其换热管701的管心连心线与水平方向呈0～10°的倾角；在换热管701和704的上下两排之间设有导流槽702；导流槽702横贯再生器201与冷凝器202。
图7B中在再生器201首排换热管704的上部设置有溶液分配器711；溶液分配器711上开有四排共12个长方形泄流孔712；从溶液热交换器供来的稀溶液首先流入溶液分配器711，再通过12个泄流孔712被均匀地分配到换热管704上。此后，溶液分配器711的作用由导流槽702代替。在导流槽702的底部设有与溶液分配器711相同的长方形泄流孔712；导流槽702上的每排长方形泄流孔与溶液分配器711上的每排长方形泄流孔，以及后续的导流槽 上的每排长方形泄流孔，位置交错分布；使溶液不能直接从上一排泄流孔直接滴到下一排泄流孔，而是以“之”字型路线流动，溶液与换热管之间的接触时间大大加长，确保溶液有足够的时间换热并释放冷媒。
图7B中在溶液分配器711底部设有倾角45°至135°支撑条713，它们既是换热管的支撑，又起导流作用，迫使溶液在导流器中不断改向，起到增加局部紊流效果、强化传热的作用。
图7B中冷凝器202上不设置溶液分配器，只设置导流槽，且导流槽与再生器201的导流槽形状略有不同：冷凝器202的换热管束701和导流槽702与水平方向有一个0°～10°的倾角，以方便排出冷凝水。在冷凝器202的底缘，设有冷媒水泄流孔721；每排导流槽上的冷媒水泄流孔在垂直方向相互对准，冷凝器202把从再生器201蒸发出的冷媒蒸气，冷却凝结成冷媒水，冷媒水沿着冷媒水泄流孔721，在重力作用下，直接滴落到冷凝器202最下层的导流槽以及由图6所示的节流装置602中，再由节流装置602节流降压后，流到蒸发器203。在再生器201与冷凝器202的换热管之间设有斜坡式隔液板703；再生器201中产生的冷媒蒸气中所夹带的液滴被隔液板703挡回，只允许蒸气进入到冷凝器202。
再生器201及冷凝器202的换热管704及701，在水平方向的管心距为3.5～4.5mm；在垂直方向的管心距为6.5～7.5mm。换热管排列密度很高，在单位体积上取得很大的传热面积。
图8A是本发明的制冷单元内蒸发器与吸收器的装配图；图8B是图8A中K区域的局部放大图；
图8A、8B中首排换热管已拆除以显示导流槽的底部细节。蒸发器203与吸收器204均由公称外径为3mm的SS304不锈钢管801在空间上均匀排列成15×36换热管阵列，构成管壳式换热结构；在上下两排换热管801之间，设有导流槽802；导流槽802横贯蒸发器203及吸收器204。
图8B中吸收器204上部设有溶液分配器803，溶液分配器803与图7中再生器201中的溶液分配器711形状、功能完全相同。
图8B中在蒸发器203上不设置分配器，蒸发器203的导流槽802的底部也不设置如图7中冷凝器202导流槽702那样的倾角，导流槽802在蒸发器 203侧呈现为平底浅槽811。在蒸发器203的导流槽802的中部，设置有斜坡式隔液板805，蒸发器203中产生的冷媒蒸气中所夹带的液滴被隔液板805挡回，只允许蒸气进入到吸收器204。同时，斜坡式隔液板805上朝向蒸发器203的一侧，设置有四个倒三角形泄流孔806，用于将导流槽802内的冷媒水均匀的排到下层换热管表面，在下层的浅槽内流动与下层换热管进行热交换，通过导流槽802对冷媒水积液进行导流和分配，使冷媒水均匀地浸润并流过每一排换热管。
倒三角形泄流孔806可根据冷媒水流量的大小自动调节冷媒流体在平底浅槽811内的沉积高度：当冷媒水流量大时，液体高度会达到倒三角形孔的上部，排液量加大；当冷媒水流量较小时，其液面高度低，经倒三角形孔的下部，其排液量也减小。使得在制冷负荷小、冷媒流量很小时，冷媒水也能均匀的侵润换热管801，减少换热管表面出现“干斑”的机会，提高蒸发传热系数。
蒸发器203及吸收器204的换热管801，在水平方向的管心距为3.5～4.5mm；在垂直方向的管心距为6.5～7.5mm。换热管排列密度很高，在单位体积上取得很大的传热面积。
图9A为本发明单元组合式制冷矩阵由制冷单元左右组合面连接呈排的结构示意图；
如图9A所示，作为一个实施例，当n(n＝4)个所述制冷单元在左右两侧组合面相互连接时，构成n个制冷单元组成的单元组合式制冷矩阵，n为≥2的整数。在图中，制冷矩阵由四个制冷单元901、902、903和904在水平方向组合扩展，四个制冷单元通过左右组合面相互紧贴，左右组合面上的水流接口通过图3C中所示的二通接头相连。如此，四个单元构成4×1×1维制冷矩阵。以此类推，n个单元可构成n×1×1维制冷矩阵。从外部供水系统供给矩阵的各种水流(热水、冷水、冷却水)可从矩阵中空闲的一个或者多个组合面上的水流接口接入或者引出。
图9B为本发明单元组合式制冷矩阵由制冷单元前后组合面连接呈排的结构示意图；
如图9B所示，作为一个实施例，当k(k＝3)个所述制冷单元在前后两侧组合面相互连接时，构成k个制冷单元组成的单元组合式制冷矩阵，k为≥2的整数。在图中，制冷矩阵由三个制冷单元905、906和907在水平方向组合扩展，三个制冷单元其6个面都为组合面，通过前后组合面相互紧贴，前后组合面上的水流接口通过图3C中所示的二通接头相连。如此，3个单元构成1×1×3维制冷矩阵。以此类推，k个单元可构成1×1×k维制冷矩阵。从外部供水系统供给矩阵的各种水流(热水、冷水、冷却水)可从矩阵中空闲的一个或者多个组合面上的水流接口接入或者引出。
图10为本发明单元组合式制冷矩阵由制冷单元上下组合面连接呈排的连接结构示意图；
如图10所示，作为一个实施例，当m(m＝4)个所述制冷单元在上下两侧组合面相互连接时，构成m个制冷单元组成的单元组合式制冷矩阵，m为≥2的整数。在图中，制冷矩阵由三个制冷单元1001、1002和1003在垂直方向组合扩展，三个制冷单元通过上下组合面相互紧贴，组合面上的水流接口通过图3C中所示的二通接头相连。如此，三个单元构成1×3×1维制冷矩阵。以此类推，m个单元可构成1×m×1维制冷矩阵。从外部供水系统供给矩阵的各种水流(热水、冷水、冷却水)可从矩阵中空闲的一个或者多个水流接口接入或者引出。
图11为本发明单元组合式制冷矩阵由制冷单元上下、左右组合面连接呈竖直面排列的连接结构示意图。
如图11所示，作为一个实施例，当n行、m列所述制冷单元在左右、上下四个组合面，相互连接呈竖直面排列时，构成n×m个制冷单元组成的平面式单元组合式制冷矩阵，其中，n＝、3m＝3。
即，制冷矩阵由九个制冷单元1101、1102、1103……1109在水平和垂直两个方向组合扩展，各制冷单元通过上下、左右组合面相互紧贴，组合面上的水流接口通过图3C中所示的二通接头相连。如此，9个单元构成3×3维制冷矩阵。以此类推，n×m个单元可构成n×m×1维制冷矩阵。从外部供水系统供给矩阵的各种水流(热水、冷水、冷却水)可从矩阵中空闲的一个或者 多个水流接口接入或者引出。
需要补充说明的是，当n行、k层制冷单元在左右、前后(四个组合面，相互连接呈水平面排列时，其排列方式与图11相类似，只是组合面有所不同。同样的道理，m列、k层制冷单元在上下、前后四个组合面，相互连接呈竖直面排列时的情形也是相类似的，在此不做赘述。
图12为本发明单元组合式制冷矩阵由制冷单元左右、上下、前后六个组合面连接呈立体式排列的连接结构示意图。
如图12所示，作为一个实施例，当n行、m列、k层所述制冷单元在左右、上下、前后六个组合面相互连接呈立体式排列时，构成n×m×k个制冷单元组成的立体式单元组合式制冷矩阵，其中，n、m、k均＝3。这种制冷单元不同与图9A、图10、图11所示的四个面为组合面，其与图9B相同，6各面都为组合面，可以实现在6个面方向上的组装。
即如图12所示，制冷矩阵由制冷单元110及其他26个制冷单元在水平和垂直三维方向组合扩展(图中省略部分制冷单元标记)，各制冷单元通过上下、左右、前后组合面相互紧贴，组合面上的水流接口通过图3C中所示的二通接头在接口101，102，103等接口处相连。如此，27个单元构成3×3×3维制冷矩阵。以此类推，n×m×k个单元可构成n×m×k维制冷矩阵。从外部供水系统供给矩阵的各种水流(热水、冷水、冷却水)可从矩阵中空闲的一个或者多个水流接口接入或者引出。
图12所示的实施例是n、m、k均相同并连接构成规则的立方体矩阵的情形，事实上，n、m、k可以不相同，每列、每行、每层上的制冷单元根据实际使用环境，可以有所空缺，空缺位置的制冷单元组合面使用截止接头密封即可，不影响整体制冷矩阵的使用。
尽管参考附图中出示的具体实施方式将对本发明进行描述，但是应当理解，在不背离本发明教导的精神、范围和背景下，本发明的单元组合式制冷矩阵可以有许多变化形式，例如减少或者增加水流接口的个数，改变制冷单元的形状或组合面，甚至应用到压缩式制冷机中。本领域技术内普通技术人员还将意识到有不同的方式来改变本发明所公开的实施例中的参数、尺寸、 形状，但这均落入本发明和权利要求的精神和范围内。

Claims (29)

  1. 一种单元组合式制冷矩阵，其特征在于：
    包括至少两个制冷单元，所述制冷单元为制冷机；
    每个制冷单元设有至少两组接口群，每组接口群设有多个进出接口；
    所述制冷单元的能量媒介通过所述进出接口输入或输出；
    传输同种能量媒介的接口在所述制冷单元内部相互导通。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的单元组合式制冷矩阵，其特征在于：
    所述制冷单元设有至少两个组合面；
    各组接口群分布在所述组合面上；
    相邻的制冷单元通过所述组合面上的接口相互连接。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的单元组合式制冷矩阵，其特征在于：
    所述制冷单元的机身壳体内设置有内部通道；
    所述内部通道将不同组合面上传输同种能量媒介的接口相互导通，使任何所述组合面均可输入和输出能量媒介。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的单元组合式制冷矩阵，其特征在于：
    所述制冷单元的机身为长方体，所述组合面为长方体的6个表面；
    所述制冷单元的6个所述组合面连接相邻的制冷单元，构成所述的单元组合式制冷矩阵。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的吸收式制冷单元，其特征在于：
    所述单元组合式制冷矩阵通过相邻所述制冷单元的所述组合面相互紧密贴合连接组成。
  6. 如权利要求4所述的单元组合式制冷矩阵，其特征在于：
    当n个所述制冷单元在左右两侧组合面相互连接时，构成n个所述制冷单元组成的所述单元组合式制冷矩阵，n为≥2的整数。
  7. 如权利要求4所述的单元组合式制冷矩阵，其特征在于：
    当m个所述制冷单元在上下两侧组合面相互连接时，构成m个所述制冷单元组成的所述单元组合式制冷矩阵，m为≥2的整数。
  8. 如权利要求4所述的单元组合式制冷矩阵，其特征在于：
    当k个所述制冷单元在前后两侧组合面相互连接时，构成k个所述制冷单元组成的所述单元组合式制冷矩阵，k为≥2的整数。
  9. 如权利要求4所述的单元组合式制冷矩阵，其特征在于：
    当n行、m列所述制冷单元在左右、上下四个组合面，相互连接呈竖直面排列时，构成n×m个所述制冷单元组成的平面式单元组合式制冷矩阵，m、n为≥1的整数，且n×m为≥2的整数。
  10. 如权利要求4所述的单元组合式制冷矩阵，其特征在于：
    当n行、k层所述制冷单元在左右、前后四个组合面，相互连接呈水平面排列时，构成n×k个所述制冷单元组成的平面式单元组合式制冷矩阵，n、k为≥1的整数，且n×k为≥2的整数。
  11. 如权利要求4所述的单元组合式制冷矩阵，其特征在于：
    当m列、k层所述制冷单元在上下、前后四个组合面，相互连接呈竖直面排列时，构成m×k个所述制冷单元组成的平面式单元组合式制冷矩阵，m、k为≥1的整数，且m×k为≥2的整数。
  12. 如权利要求4所述的单元组合式制冷矩阵，其特征在于：
    当n行、m列、k层所述制冷单元在左右、上下、前后六个组合面，相互连接呈立体式排列时，构成n×m×k个所述制冷单元组成的立体式单元组合式制冷矩阵，m、n、k为≥1的整数，且n×m×k为≥2的整数。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的单元组合式制冷矩阵，其特征在于：
    如构成制冷矩阵的n×m×k个制冷单元的第i个单元的功率为Pi，则n ×m×k个制冷单元组合而成的单元组合式制冷矩阵的功率为P＝∑Pi，其中，i＝1,2,3…,n×m×k；n×m×k为≥2的整数。
  14. 如权利要求3所述的单元组合式制冷矩阵，其特征在于：
    所述制冷单元为吸收式制冷单元，所述吸收式制冷单元是一台吸收式制冷机；所述能量媒介为热水、冷水和冷却水；
    所述吸收式制冷单元设有至少两组水流接口群，每组所述水流接口群包括多个水流接口，所述水流接口包括热水的入口和出口、冷水的入口和出口，以及冷却水的入口和出口。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的单元组合式制冷矩阵，其特征在于：
    所述吸收式制冷单元设有至少两个组合面；每个所述组合面设有一组所述水流接口群；
    相邻的所述吸收式制冷单元通过所述组合面上的水流接口相互连接。
  16. 如权利要求14所述的单元组合式制冷矩阵，其特征在于：
    所述吸收式制冷单元的热水入口与相邻的所述吸收式制冷单元的热水入口相互导通，冷水入口与相邻的所述吸收式制冷单元的冷水入口相互导通，冷却水入口与相邻的所述吸收式制冷单元的冷却水入口相互导通；
    所述吸收式制冷单元的热水出口与相邻的所述吸收式制冷单元的热水出口相互导通，冷水出口与相邻的所述吸收式制冷单元的冷水出口相互导通，冷却水出口与相邻的所述吸收式制冷单元的冷却水出口相互导通。
  17. 如权利要求14所述的单元组合式制冷矩阵，其特征在于：
    所述水流接口包括插座与插头；
    所述插头的端部设有倒勾和O型密封圈；
    所述倒勾插入并卡合在所述插座的内壁，形成自锁结构；
    所述O型密封圈垫设在所述插头与所述插座之间，用于达到密封的目的。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的单元组合式制冷矩阵，其特征在于：
    还包括活动接头，所述活动接头分别为二通接头和截止接头两种结构；
    当连接二通接头时，所述水流接口导通；当连接截止接头时，所述水流接口关闭；
    所述二通接头的两端为所述水流接口的所述插头；
    所述截止接头的一端为所述水流接口的所述插头，另一端封闭。
  19. 如权利要求15所述的单元组合式制冷矩阵，其特征在于：
    上下两个所述组合面上的所述水流接口的位置相互镜像对称；从而，
    一个所述吸收式制冷单元在垂直方向与另一个所述吸收式制冷单元相组合时，两个所述吸收式制冷单元的相应组合面上的所述水流接口通过二通接头直接插接。
  20. 如权利要求15所述的单元组合式制冷矩阵，其特征在于：
    左右两个所述组合面上的所述水流接口的位置相互镜像对称；从而，
    一个所述吸收式制冷单元在水平方向与另一个所述吸收式制冷单元相组合时，两个所述吸收式制冷单元的相应组合面上的所述水流接口通过二通接头直接插接。
  21. 如权利要求14所述的单元组合式制冷矩阵，其特征在于：
    所述吸收式制冷单元的机身壳体内设置有一体式水流管道系统；
    所述一体式水流管道系统将不同所述组合面上的相应所述水流接口相互连通，并与所述吸收式制冷单元内部的换热器管程相连接，使得所述吸收式制冷单元从任何一个所述组合面均可同时或分别引入引出热水、冷水和冷却水。
  22. 如权利要求14所述的单元组合式制冷矩阵，其特征在于，所述吸收式制冷单元包括内置式溶液热交换器：
    所述内置式溶液热交换器设置在所述吸收式制冷单元内，用于将所述吸收式制冷单元内的低温稀溶液与高温浓溶液进行热交换；
    所述溶液热交换器包括用于热交换的换热壁板与溶液热交换器壳体，所 述换热壁板与所述壳体共同构成浓溶液与稀溶液通道；
    当所述低温稀溶液与所述高温浓溶液通过不同的通道与所述换热壁板接触时，由所述换热壁板进行热交换。
  23. 如权利要求14所述的单元组合式制冷矩阵，其特征在于，所述吸收式制冷单元包括溶液箱；
    所述溶液箱用于向所述吸收式制冷单元的再生器提供溶液，所述溶液箱包括：
    箱体，用于存储并向所述再生器提供溶液，所述箱体与所述吸收式制冷单元的内部空间结构相适应，并内嵌在所述吸收式制冷单元的机体下部；以及，
    溶液注入口，设置在所述箱体上，用于将溶液注入所述箱体。
  24. 如权利要求14所述的单元组合式制冷矩阵，其特征在于，所述吸收式制冷单元包括斜面导流冷凝器，包括：
    多排上下层排列的导流槽；在各层所述导流槽的上方铺设换热管；
    冷媒蒸气在所述换热管外部流动，冷却水在所述换热管内部流通；冷媒蒸气与所述换热管接触时，与所述换热管内部的冷却水发生热交换而液化成冷凝水，并被所述导流槽收集并导流流出。
  25. 如权利要求14所述的单元组合式制冷矩阵，其特征在于，所述吸收式制冷单元包括节流装置，其特征在于，所述节流装置包括：
    汇流槽，设置在吸收式制冷单元冷凝器底部最低处，用于沉积所述冷凝器内冷媒水；
    节流孔，设置在所述汇流槽的槽底最低处，用于将所述汇流槽内沉积的冷媒水排出。
  26. 如权利要求14所述的单元组合式制冷矩阵，其特征在于，所述吸收式制冷单元包括无循环泵冷媒蒸发器，所述无循环泵冷媒蒸发器包括：
    多排呈上下层排列的导流槽；
    在各层所述导流槽的上方铺设换热管；
    冷媒水在所述换热管外部流动，冷水在所述换热管内部流通；
    所述导流槽侧壁上设有多个泄流孔，使冷媒水流向下层所述导流槽，以保持冷媒液浸没换热管。
  27. 如权利要求14所述的单元组合式制冷矩阵，其特征在于，所述吸收式制冷单元包括浅槽式换热机构，其特征在于，所述浅槽式换热机构包括：
    浅槽式换热器，由多排上下层排列的导流槽和换热管组成；
    溶液分配器，设置在所述浅槽式换热器上部；所述溶液分配器是封闭型长方体，内部为腔体，下部为溶液喷洒面，所述溶液喷洒面尺寸与换热器上端面相同。
  28. 如权利要求14所述的单元组合式制冷矩阵，其特征在于：
    所述能量媒介还可以为热的气体、冷的气体和冷却气体。
  29. 如权利要求14-28所述的单元组合式制冷矩阵，其特征在于：
    所述吸收式制冷单元的机身壳体、水流接口、一体式水流管道系统、管壳式换热器的壳体、以及溶液箱，均为工程塑料制作；
    所述吸收式制冷单元的所述换热管及所述换热壁板由不锈钢材料制作；
    所述吸收式制冷单元的工质采用溴化锂溶液。
PCT/CN2016/106939 2015-11-26 2016-11-23 单元组合式制冷矩阵 WO2017088760A1 (zh)

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