WO2017088332A1 - 一种锚爪的铸造装置及铸造方法 - Google Patents

一种锚爪的铸造装置及铸造方法 Download PDF

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WO2017088332A1
WO2017088332A1 PCT/CN2016/077407 CN2016077407W WO2017088332A1 WO 2017088332 A1 WO2017088332 A1 WO 2017088332A1 CN 2016077407 W CN2016077407 W CN 2016077407W WO 2017088332 A1 WO2017088332 A1 WO 2017088332A1
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casting
anchor
sand
cavity
pouring
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PCT/CN2016/077407
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张建
吴文乐
张莉
唐文献
孙泽
周瑞
王黎辉
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江苏科技大学
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Priority to DE212016000003.9U priority Critical patent/DE212016000003U1/de
Publication of WO2017088332A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017088332A1/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/08Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/22Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/24Anchors
    • B63B21/30Anchors rigid when in use
    • B63B21/34Anchors rigid when in use with two or more flukes

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  • the invention relates to a casting device and a casting method for an anchor claw, in particular to a casting device and a casting method for a Hall anchor anchor claw, relating to the manufacturing field of the anchor claw.
  • Hall anchors With the development of the marine industry, various ships sailing in the ocean are also increasing. The most commonly used ships are Hall anchors.
  • the anchor angle of the Hall anchors is about 45°.
  • the structure is simple, the operation and collection are convenient, and Huo The anchor performance is stable and the quality is excellent, which can meet the operation requirements of the ship anchoring and anchoring.
  • the existing Hall anchor anchors have large volume changes before and after, and the traditional casting is difficult to sequentially solidify, which tends to cause shrinkage at the claw end of the anchor claw and shrinkage at the tip of the anchor claw, and the finished product quality is not high.
  • due to the heavy specifications of the Hall anchor anchors there is no special sand box, and the casting time and workload are large.
  • the traditional casting is difficult to mold and form in small quantities, and the production efficiency is not high.
  • the present invention provides a casting device and a casting method for an anchor claw, which can reduce the shrinkage and shrinkage phenomenon inside the casting, improve the internal quality of the casting, and have high production efficiency.
  • a casting device for an anchor claw of the present invention includes an upper die and a lower die, the upper die and the lower die form a cavity for casting a casting, and the upper die is provided with a funnel shape a gate, pouring molten iron from the gate into the sprue and entering the cavity through a horizontal gate, the parting surface of the upper and lower molds being the largest section of the anchor casting, and being placed in the cavity Cross-shaped sand core.
  • a sprue is provided at the junction of the sprue and the gate, and the runner is in communication with the sprue and the gate, respectively.
  • the inner runner has two, two inner runners are respectively connected to the runner, and the inner runner is located on the parting surface.
  • the front end of the lower mold cavity is provided with two wedge-shaped cold irons.
  • the top end of the cavity is provided with a pair of platforms, and a riser is placed on each of the platforms.
  • the sand core is a core shape.
  • a casting method for a casting device for an anchor described above comprising the steps of:
  • S1 making a sand core, adopting a core shape, and placing a sand core inside, the overall shape of the sand core is a cross shape, and the core bone is made of a steel material;
  • S2 sand filling, adding dry sand, and placing a certain thickness of chromite ore in the rounded corner, filling all parts of the model, placing two wedge-shaped cold irons in the lower mold, and placing two risers in the upper mold;
  • the baking temperature shall not be lower than 100 ° C, and the baking time shall not be less than 8 hours;
  • the upper mold and the lower mold are matched, and after casting, the cast iron is used as the casting material, the gate is made of refractory material, the pouring temperature is controlled at 1380 ° C to 1420 ° C, and the pouring speed is controlled at 1.5 kg / s to 2kg/s, no more than 30 seconds on the root of the riser, the total pouring time is not more than 1 minute, the shrinkage rate is within 2.0%;
  • the hole at the bottom of the anchor bolt of the Hall anchor is small, the casting cannot be formed, and the workpiece needs to be filled and then processed; the interior of the anchor bolt is hollow, and a machining allowance of 5-8 mm is required for the inner wall, and the Hall anchor is required.
  • the anchor has a slope from the end face and also retains a machining allowance of 5-8 mm.
  • the present invention discloses a casting device and a casting method for an anchor claw, which can reduce the top by using two risers added at the top, a triangular cold iron placed at the front, and a specific casting device using a core shape.
  • Shrinkage phenomenon and shrinkage of the front part compared with the traditional single core shape, the invention uses the core shape, and the triangular cold iron which is not cast by the traditional casting, strictly controls the pouring temperature and speed, ensures the casting can be sequentially solidified, and is poured. After the heat preservation and heat treatment, the shrinkage and shrinkage inside the casting can be reduced, and the internal quality of the casting can be improved.
  • the invention combines the characteristics of multi-standard and small-volume production, selects the core shape and the open casting system, improves the casting quality and product qualification rate, reduces the waste of raw materials, improves work efficiency, reduces production cost and shortens production cycle.
  • Figure 1 is a front elevational view of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a front elevational view of the lower mold
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 is a finished view of the anchor bolt of the Hall
  • Figure 6 is a top plan view of the anchor bolt of the Hall anchor after pouring
  • Fig. 7 is a front view showing the structure of the anchor bolt of the Hall anchor after pouring.
  • the casting device of the anchor claw of the present invention comprises an upper die 2 and a lower die 7, and the upper die 2 And the lower mold 9 forms a cavity 10 for casting a casting, the upper mold 2 is provided with a funnel-shaped gate 1, and the pouring molten iron enters the sprue 5 from the gate 1 and enters through the horizontal sprue 6 In the cavity 10, the parting surface 7 of the upper mold 2 and the lower mold 9 is the largest section of the anchor casting, and a cross-shaped sand core 12 is placed in the cavity 10, and the sand core 12 is a core shape. .
  • a sprue 8 is provided at the junction of the sprue 5 and the gate runner 6, and the runner 8 is in communication with the sprue 5 and the gate runner 6, respectively, the sprue 6 has Two, the gates 6 are symmetrically distributed with respect to the sprue 4, the two gates 6 are respectively connected to the runner 8, and the gates 6 are located on the parting surface 7.
  • the front end of the cavity 10 in the lower die 9 is provided with two wedge-shaped cold irons 11, and the front portion of the Hall anchor claws is small in volume, so that it can be sequentially solidified, thereby reducing the occurrence of shrinkage and shrinkage holes.
  • the top end of the cavity 10 is provided with a pair of platforms 4, and a riser 3 is placed on each of the platforms 4.
  • the top of the Hall anchors is provided with a certain arc in the position of the riser 3, and needs to be filled into a cylindrical shape for placing the riser 3
  • the casting after the pouring is completed is shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6, and Fig. 7.
  • the present invention has a mass of 100 kg and a height of 500 mm, and the riser 3 has a basic size of ⁇ 900 ⁇ 600 mm.
  • a casting method of a casting apparatus using the anchor claw of the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • the upper mold 2 and the lower mold 9 are matched, and after casting, the cast iron is used as the casting material, and the gate 1 is made of refractory material.
  • the pouring temperature is controlled at 1380 ° C to 1420 ° C, the pouring speed must not be too slow, not higher than 30 seconds on the riser 3 roots, the total pouring time is not higher than 1 minute, the shrinkage rate is within 2.0%;

Abstract

一种锚爪的铸造装置,包括上模(2)和下模(9),所述上模和下模形成用于浇注铸件的型腔(10),所述上模上设有漏斗状的浇口(1),浇注的铁水从浇口进入直浇道(5)后通过水平的内浇道(6)进入型腔,所述上模与下模的分型面(7)为锚爪铸件的最大截面处,在型腔中放置十字形的砂芯(12),在型腔前端设置楔形冷铁(11)。以及一种锚爪的铸造方法。该铸造装置通过设置楔形冷铁,可以减少铸件内部的缩孔和缩松,提高铸件内部质量,选择组芯造型和开放式浇注系统,提高铸件质量和产品合格率。

Description

一种锚爪的铸造装置及铸造方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种锚爪的铸造装置及铸造方法,尤其涉及霍尔锚锚爪的铸造装置及铸造方法,涉及锚爪的制造领域。
背景技术
随着海洋产业的发展,在海洋中航行的各种船舶也日趋增多,船舶最常使用的是霍尔锚,霍尔锚锚爪折角约为45°,结构简单,作业和收藏方便,且霍尔锚性能稳定,质量过硬,能满足船舶抛锚落锚的作业要求。
现有霍尔锚锚爪前后体积变化较大,传统铸造难以顺序凝固,容易在锚爪爪端产生缩松现象、在锚爪顶端产生缩孔现象,铸件成品质量不高。并且霍尔锚锚爪由于规格重多,无专用砂箱,铸造的时间和工作量较大,传统铸造难以多规格小批量铸造成型,生产效率不高。
发明内容
发明目的:为了克服现有技术中存在的不足,本发明提供一种锚爪的铸造装置及铸造方法,可以减少铸件内部的缩孔和缩松现象,提高铸件的内部质量,生产效率高。
技术方案:为实现上述目的,本发明的锚爪的铸造装置,包括上模和下模,所述上模和下模形成用于浇注铸件的型腔,所述上模上设有漏斗状的浇口,浇注铁水从浇口进入直浇道后通过水平的内浇道进入型腔中,所述上模和下模的分型面为锚爪铸件的最大截面处,在型腔中放置有十字形的砂芯。
作为优选,所述直浇道和内浇道的交界处设有横浇道,横浇道分别与直浇道和内浇道连通。
作为优选,所述内浇道有两条,两条内浇道分别与横浇道连通,内浇道位于分型面上。
作为优选,所述下模中型腔的前端设有两个楔形状的冷铁。
作为优选,所述型腔的顶端设有一对平台,平台上各放置一个冒口。
作为优选,所述砂芯为组芯造型。
一种上述的锚爪的铸造装置的铸造方法,包括以下步骤:
S1:制作砂芯,采取组芯造型,内部放置砂芯,砂芯整体形状为十字形,芯骨使用钢材料;
S2:填砂,加入干砂,同时在圆角部位放置一定厚度铬铁矿砂,充满模型的各个部位,在下模中放置两个楔形状的冷铁,在上模中放置两个冒口;
S3:对砂芯和砂型进行烘烤,烘烤温度不得低于100℃,烘烤时间不得少于8小时;
S4:上模与下模进行配模,完成后进行浇注,采用灰铸铁作为浇注材料,浇口需采用耐火材料制作,浇注温度控制在1380℃至1420℃,浇注速度控制在1.5kg/s至2kg/s,不得高于30秒上冒口根部,浇注总时间不高于1分钟,收缩率在2.0%以内;
S5:浇注完成后冷却一定时间,并从砂箱中取出铸件,铸件出砂后在热状态下切割冒口,温度不低于150℃,切割时吹管不宜过粗,需便于顺利排走金属液,以防金属液长期在铸件上停留,造成局部过热,产生裂纹;
S6:切割冒口后进行保温和热处理,热处理工艺要求升温速度每小时≤60℃;
S7:铸件经过热处理出炉后进行缺陷检查,铸件内外无缺陷后用样板检查尺寸,并按多余打磨量进行打磨,完成后进行粗加工,最后进行精整打磨处理。
在本发明中,霍尔锚锚爪底部的孔体积较小,铸造无法成型,需要填满后再加工;霍尔锚锚爪内部中空,需要在内壁保留5-8mm加工余量,霍尔锚锚爪距端面处有坡度,也保留5-8mm加工余量。
有益效果:与现有技术相比,本发明具体一下优点:
1.本发明公开了一种锚爪的铸造装置及铸造方法,通过顶部添加的两个冒口,前部放置的三角形冷铁,以及采用组芯造型这种特定的铸造装置,可以减少顶部的缩孔现象以及前部的缩松现象;相比传统的单一砂芯造型,本发明使用组芯造型,配合传统铸造没有的三角形冷铁,严格控制浇注温度和速度,确保铸件能顺序凝固,浇注过后进行保温和热处理,可以减少铸件内部的缩孔和缩松现象,提高铸件的内部质量。
2.本发明结合多规格小批量生产特点,选择组芯造型和开放式浇注系统,提高铸件质量和产品合格率,减少原料浪费的同时提高工作效率,降低生产成本,缩短生产周期。
附图说明
图1为本发明的主视示意图;
图2为图1的B-B剖视示意图;
图3为下模的主视示意图;
图4为图2的A-A剖视示意图;
图5为霍尔锚锚爪的成品图;
图6为浇注过后霍尔锚锚爪的俯视结构示意图;
图7为浇注过后霍尔锚锚爪的前视结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作更进一步的说明。
如图1至图4所示,本发明的锚爪的铸造装置,包括上模2和下模7,所述上模2 和下模9形成用于浇注铸件的型腔10,所述上模2上设有漏斗状的浇口1,浇注铁水从浇口1进入直浇道5后通过水平的内浇道6进入型腔10中,所述上模2和下模9的分型面7为锚爪铸件的最大截面处,在型腔10中放置有十字形的砂芯12,所述砂芯12为组芯造型。
在本发明中,所述直浇道5和内浇道6的交界处设有横浇道8,横浇道8分别与直浇道5和内浇道6连通,所述内浇道6有两条,内浇道6关于直浇道4对称分布,两条内浇道6分别与横浇道8连通,内浇道6位于分型面7上。
在本发明中,所述下模9中型腔10的前端设有两个楔形状的冷铁11,霍尔锚锚爪前部体积较小,使其能顺序凝固,减少缩松缩孔的产生。所述型腔10的顶端设有一对平台4,平台4上各放置一个冒口3,霍尔锚锚爪顶部设置冒口3的位置有一定弧度,需要填补成为圆柱型用来放置冒口3,浇注完成后的铸件如图5、图6、图7所示。本发明的质量100kg,高度为500mm规格的霍尔锚,冒口3基本尺寸为φ900×600mm。
利用本发明的锚爪的铸造装置的铸造方法,包括以下步骤:
S1:制作砂芯12,采取组芯造型,内部放置砂芯12,砂芯12整体形状为十字形,芯骨使用钢材料;
S2:填砂,加入干砂,同时在圆角部位放置一定厚度铬铁矿砂,充满模型的各个部位,在下模9中放置两个楔形状的冷铁11,在上模2中放置两个冒口3;
S3:对砂芯12和砂型进行烘烤,烘烤温度不得低于100℃,烘烤时间不得少于8小时;
S4:上模2与下模9进行配模,完成后进行浇注,采用灰铸铁作为浇注材料,浇口1需采用耐火材料制作。浇注温度控制在1380℃至1420℃,浇注速度不得过慢,不得高于30秒上冒口3根部,浇注总时间不高于1分钟,收缩率在2.0%以内;
S5:浇注完成后冷却一定时间,并从砂箱中取出铸件,铸件出砂后在热状态下切割冒口3,温度不低于150℃,切割时吹管不宜过粗,需便于顺利排走金属液,以防金属液长期在铸件上停留,造成局部过热,产生裂纹;
S6:切割冒口3后进行保温和热处理,热处理工艺要求升温速度每小时≤60℃;
S7:铸件经过热处理出炉后进行缺陷检查,铸件内外无缺陷后用样板检查尺寸,并按多余打磨量进行打磨,完成后进行粗加工,最后进行精整打磨处理,得到如图3所示的成品。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出:对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (7)

  1. 锚爪的铸造装置,其特征在于:包括上模和下模,所述上模和下模形成用于浇注铸件的型腔,所述上模上设有漏斗状的浇口,浇注铁水从浇口进入直浇道后通过水平的内浇道进入型腔中,所述上模和下模的分型面为锚爪铸件的最大截面处,在型腔中放置有十字形的砂芯。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的锚爪的铸造装置,其特征在于:所述直浇道和内浇道的交界处设有横浇道,横浇道分别与直浇道和内浇道连通。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的锚爪的铸造装置,其特征在于:所述内浇道有两条,两条内浇道分别与横浇道连通,内浇道位于分型面上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的锚爪的铸造装置,其特征在于:所述下模中型腔的前端设有两个楔形状的冷铁。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的锚爪的铸造装置,其特征在于:所述型腔的顶端设有一对平台,平台上各放置一个冒口。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的锚爪的铸造装置,其特征在于:所述砂芯为组芯造型。
  7. 一种如权利要求6所述的锚爪的铸造装置的铸造方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
    S1:制作砂芯,采取组芯造型,内部放置砂芯,砂芯整体形状为十字形;
    S2:填砂,加入干砂,同时在圆角部位放置一定厚度铬铁矿砂,充满模型的各个部位,在下模中放置两个楔形状的冷铁,在上模中放置两个冒口;
    S3:对砂芯和砂型进行烘烤,烘烤温度不得低于100℃,烘烤时间不得少于8小时;
    S4:上模与下模进行配模,完成后进行浇注,采用灰铸铁作为浇注材料,浇注温度控制在1380℃至1420℃,浇注速度控制在1.5kg/s至2kg/s,收缩率在2.0%以内;
    S5:浇注完成后冷却一定时间,并从砂箱中取出铸件,铸件出砂后在热状态下切割冒口,温度不低于150℃;
    S6:切割冒口后进行保温和热处理,热处理工艺要求升温速度每小时≤60℃;
    S7:铸件经过热处理出炉后进行缺陷检查,铸件内外无缺陷后用样板检查尺寸,并按多余打磨量进行打磨,完成后进行粗加工,最后进行精整打磨处理。
PCT/CN2016/077407 2015-11-26 2016-03-25 一种锚爪的铸造装置及铸造方法 WO2017088332A1 (zh)

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Cited By (12)

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CN108436039B (zh) * 2018-05-31 2023-11-24 天津蒙德利尔集装箱配件有限公司 一种集装箱角件铸造工艺用模具
CN108436039A (zh) * 2018-05-31 2018-08-24 天津蒙德利尔集装箱配件有限公司 一种集装箱角件铸造工艺用模具
CN110216244A (zh) * 2019-04-20 2019-09-10 福建大通互惠精密铸造有限公司 一种止回阀阀体铸钢件的铸具及其制造工艺
CN110076293A (zh) * 2019-04-25 2019-08-02 河南广瑞汽车部件股份有限公司 一种控制转向器壳体产生缩松及冲砂的浇注系统及其工艺方法
CN110076293B (zh) * 2019-04-25 2024-02-27 河南广瑞汽车部件股份有限公司 一种控制转向器壳体产生缩松及冲砂的浇注系统及其工艺方法
CN112108613A (zh) * 2019-06-20 2020-12-22 常州凯达重工科技有限公司 一种轧辊静态浇注装置的设计方法
CN112872300A (zh) * 2019-11-30 2021-06-01 共享铸钢有限公司 一种油气装备铸件的铸造方法
CN114309483A (zh) * 2020-09-28 2022-04-12 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 用于制造铸件的混合型芯
CN114147185A (zh) * 2021-11-15 2022-03-08 无锡蓝豹科技有限公司 电动车后衣架的制造工艺
CN114378252A (zh) * 2021-12-10 2022-04-22 北京航空材料研究院股份有限公司 一种钛合金离心泵体的铸造模具及铸造方法
CN114713774A (zh) * 2022-04-11 2022-07-08 邢台轧辊沃川装备制造有限公司 高强度耐热灰铸铁炉门框生产方法
CN114713774B (zh) * 2022-04-11 2023-12-15 邢台轧辊沃川装备制造有限公司 高强度耐热灰铸铁炉门框生产方法
CN114850404A (zh) * 2022-05-24 2022-08-05 常州工学院 一种高速轨道交通制动件铸型结构及其制造工艺
CN114951586A (zh) * 2022-05-30 2022-08-30 阿诺诗(广东)精密金属科技有限公司 一种精密铸件的冷热帖应用结构及其应用方法

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