WO2017084418A1 - 球阀及用于球阀的密封件 - Google Patents

球阀及用于球阀的密封件 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017084418A1
WO2017084418A1 PCT/CN2016/098326 CN2016098326W WO2017084418A1 WO 2017084418 A1 WO2017084418 A1 WO 2017084418A1 CN 2016098326 W CN2016098326 W CN 2016098326W WO 2017084418 A1 WO2017084418 A1 WO 2017084418A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sealing
seal
ring
annular
sealing ring
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/098326
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘鑫
张岳林
尼伯林⋅乌维
阿瑞玛⋅吉尔森
李萌
周绘蓝
Original Assignee
舍弗勒技术股份两合公司
刘鑫
张岳林
尼伯林⋅乌维
阿瑞玛⋅吉尔森
李萌
周绘蓝
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司, 刘鑫, 张岳林, 尼伯林⋅乌维, 阿瑞玛⋅吉尔森, 李萌, 周绘蓝 filed Critical 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司
Priority to KR1020187013688A priority Critical patent/KR20180081525A/ko
Priority to EP16865596.7A priority patent/EP3379116A4/de
Priority to US15/777,786 priority patent/US20180340620A1/en
Publication of WO2017084418A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017084418A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K5/00—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary
    • F16K5/08—Details
    • F16K5/14—Special arrangements for separating the sealing faces or for pressing them together
    • F16K5/20—Special arrangements for separating the sealing faces or for pressing them together for plugs with spherical surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K5/00—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary
    • F16K5/06—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary with plugs having spherical surfaces; Packings therefor
    • F16K5/0663—Packings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K5/00—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary
    • F16K5/06—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary with plugs having spherical surfaces; Packings therefor
    • F16K5/0663—Packings
    • F16K5/0673—Composite packings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K5/00—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary
    • F16K5/06—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary with plugs having spherical surfaces; Packings therefor
    • F16K5/0663—Packings
    • F16K5/0673—Composite packings
    • F16K5/0678—Composite packings in which only one of the components of the composite packing is contacting the plug
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
    • F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
    • F16J15/10—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing
    • F16J15/104—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces with non-metallic packing characterised by structure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F16K27/06—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of taps or cocks
    • F16K27/067—Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of taps or cocks with spherical plugs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K5/00—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary
    • F16K5/06—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary with plugs having spherical surfaces; Packings therefor
    • F16K5/0626—Easy mounting or dismounting means
    • F16K5/0631—Easy mounting or dismounting means between two flanges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K5/00—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary
    • F16K5/06—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary with plugs having spherical surfaces; Packings therefor
    • F16K5/0663—Packings
    • F16K5/0689—Packings between housing and plug
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K5/00—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary
    • F16K5/08—Details
    • F16K5/14—Special arrangements for separating the sealing faces or for pressing them together
    • F16K5/20—Special arrangements for separating the sealing faces or for pressing them together for plugs with spherical surfaces
    • F16K5/201—Special arrangements for separating the sealing faces or for pressing them together for plugs with spherical surfaces with the housing or parts of the housing mechanically pressing the seal against the plug
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S277/00—Seal for a joint or juncture
    • Y10S277/935—Seal made of a particular material
    • Y10S277/944—Elastomer or plastic
    • Y10S277/945—Containing fluorine
    • Y10S277/946—PTFE

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of ball valve technology, and in particular to a ball valve and a seal for a ball valve.
  • the ball valve can open or cut the flow of the medium, and includes a ball body and a valve stem.
  • the spherical surface of the ball body is provided with a plurality of passages through which the medium flows, and the rotating valve stem can drive the ball to rotate, thereby opening and closing the passage, opening or cutting the medium.
  • the flow In order to prevent the medium from leaking at the spherical surface of the sphere, a seal is provided in the ball valve.
  • the sealing member includes first and second sealing rings arranged side by side in the axial direction, the first sealing ring contacting a spherical surface of the ball to seal, preventing the medium from the sealing surface of the first sealing ring and the spherical surface of the spherical body Leak between.
  • the materials of the first and second sealing rings are different, wherein the material of the first sealing ring is PVDF (Poly(vinylidene fluoride), polyvinylidene fluoride).
  • the problem to be solved by the present invention is that the seal on the existing ball valve is easily worn to cause the seal to fail.
  • the present invention provides a seal for a ball valve, the seal comprising first and second seal rings having parallel central axes, different materials of the first and second seal rings, the first a seal ring is located on a side of the second seal ring axially facing the ball in the ball valve, and is for contacting a spherical surface of the ball for sealing; the first and second seal rings are fixedly disposed, the first seal ring An annular PTFE sheet formed by stamping.
  • the first sealing ring encloses a flared opening in the axial direction away from the annular sealing surface of the second sealing ring.
  • the sealing surface is a truncated conical surface.
  • the sealing surface is a spherical surface having a curvature equal to a spherical surface of the sphere.
  • the first sealing ring is provided with an annular cavity surrounding the central axis along a side of the axial direction toward the spherical body;
  • Defining a direction in which an axial end of the flared opening is directed to the other end of the axial direction is an extending direction, and a portion of the first sealing ring located on both sides of the annular cavity along the extending direction is disposed to be adapted to The spherical contact is such that the annular cavity is adapted to enclose an annular closed cavity with the spherical surface.
  • the sealing surface is a corrugated curved surface
  • the corrugated curved surface is formed by connecting a plurality of annular convex surfaces and annular concave surfaces staggered in the extending direction, wherein the curved curved surface has at least two annular convex surfaces. At least one of the annular concave surfaces, the annular concave surface enclosing the annular concave cavity, and the partial portion is disposed on the annular convex surface; or
  • the sealing surface is a spherical surface having a curvature different from a spherical surface of the spherical body, and a spherical surface on the first sealing ring encloses the annular concave cavity.
  • the direction in which the axial end of the flared opening is directed toward the other end of the axial direction is an extending direction
  • the first sealing ring includes first and second unit rings arranged along the extending direction
  • the second sealing ring is provided with an annular cavity surrounding the central axis along a side of the axial direction toward the spherical body, and the annular concave cavity is located in the first and second unit rings along the extending direction
  • the first and second unit rings are each adapted to be in contact with the spherical surface such that the annular cavity is adapted to enclose an annular closed cavity with the spherical surface.
  • sealing surfaces on the first and second unit rings are truncated conical surfaces
  • the sealing faces on the first and second unit rings are each adapted to be tangent to the pre-contact with the spherical surface;
  • the sealing faces on the first and second unit rings are each adapted to be in contact with the spherical surface at one end of the annular cavity in the extending direction, and the other end is opposite to the spherical surface when pre-contacting the spherical surface Interval setting.
  • the first sealing ring has a thickness of less than 1 mm.
  • the second sealing ring is a rubber ring, and the first and second sealing rings are fixed together by a vulcanization process.
  • the sealing member further includes: a skeleton ring fixed to the second sealing ring on a radially inner side of the second sealing ring;
  • the skeletal ring is folded in a direction radially outward from the axial end of the first seal ring in the axial direction to form an annular flange, the flange being located on one axial side of the second seal ring, Alternatively, the radially outer end of the flange is covered by the second sealing ring.
  • the present invention provides a ball valve comprising: a spherical body having a spherical surface; the sealing member of any one of the above, wherein the sealing surface of the first sealing ring is in contact with a spherical surface of the spherical body for sealing.
  • the first sealing ring is a stamped annular PTFE sheet.
  • the friction coefficient of PTFE is extremely low.
  • PTFE is softer than PVDF.
  • the first sealing ring can form a contact seal with the sphere under a smaller force, so the first sealing ring and the spherical surface of the sphere The friction torque is small, the first seal ring is not easily worn, and the problem of seal failure is less likely to occur.
  • the first sealing ring is formed by stamping, the processing process is simpler than other processing processes, and the first sealing ring can be mass-produced by the same stamping die, thereby greatly improving the production efficiency of the first sealing ring. , reducing the production cost of the first sealing ring.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of the present invention in which a sealing surface of a first sealing ring is in contact with a spherical surface of a spherical body after the sealing member is assembled to the ball valve;
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a sealing member in a first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a sealing member in a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a sealing member in a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a sealing member in a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a sealing member in a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a sealing member in a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • cut planes of all of the above cross-sectional views are planes in which the central axis of the seal is located.
  • the present embodiment provides a seal for a ball valve, the seal comprising a first seal ring 1 and a second seal ring 2, a first seal ring 1, a second seal ring
  • the central axes (not shown) of 2 are parallel and the materials of the two are different.
  • the first seal ring 1 is located on the side of the second seal ring 2 axially facing the ball 4 in the ball valve and is used to contact the spherical surface 40 of the ball 4 for sealing to prevent leakage of the medium at the spherical surface 40 of the ball 4.
  • the term "axial direction" means the axial direction of the seal.
  • the first sealing ring 1 is a stamped annular PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) sheet, that is, the annular PTFE raw material is stamped by a stamping die, and the annular PTFE raw material is plastically deformed and formed into a desired shape. , an annular PTFE sheet can be obtained.
  • a stamped annular PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • the first sealing ring 1 is formed by a press forming process instead of using other processes (such as turning) because the press forming process has been processed. Compared with other processes, the process is simpler, and the same sealing die can be used for mass production of the first sealing ring 1, greatly improving the production efficiency of the first sealing ring 1, and reducing the first sealing ring 1 Cost of production.
  • the friction coefficient of PTFE is extremely low, on the other hand, PTFE is softer than PVDF, and the first sealing ring 1 can form a contact seal with the sphere 4 under a smaller force, so the first sealing ring 1 and the sphere 4
  • the friction torque between the spherical faces 40 is small, the first seal ring 1 is not easily worn, and the problem of seal failure is less likely to occur.
  • the sealing member After the sealing member is assembled to the ball valve, the sealing member is subjected to a pressing force F in the axial direction, and the pressing force F is transmitted from the second sealing ring 2 to the first sealing ring 1 so that the first sealing ring 1 deformation occurs, and the sealing surface 10 can be kept in close contact with the spherical surface 40 of the sphere 4 for sealing. Since the first sealing ring 1 and the second sealing ring 2 are fixed together, the second sealing ring 2 can firmly abut the first sealing ring 1 in a sheet shape and a thin thickness against the spherical surface 40, preventing the first one. The seal ring 1 slips off the spherical surface 40 so that the seal fails.
  • the surface defining the first seal ring 1 for contact with the spherical surface 40 of the sphere 4 is the annular seal surface 10.
  • the first sealing ring 1 encloses the annular sealing surface 10 facing away from the second sealing ring 2 in the axial direction into a flared opening 11 .
  • the so-called flared opening 11 means that the diameter of the opening 11 tends to increase in the axial direction from the second seal ring 2 toward the ball 4.
  • the sealing surface 10 surrounding the flared opening 11 is adapted to the shape of the spherical surface 40.
  • the sealing surface 10 of the first sealing ring 1 is a truncated conical surface, and the sealing surface 10 and the spherical surface 40 are almost in line contact when pre-contacting the spherical surface 40.
  • the pre-contact means that the first seal ring 1 and the spherical surface 40 are in contact with each other, but the first seal ring 1 is hardly deformed. After the sealing member is assembled to the ball valve, the sealing surface 10 and the spherical surface 40 are no longer in line contact but in surface contact by the pressing force F.
  • the advantage of providing the sealing surface 10 as a truncated conical surface is to facilitate the processing of the stamping die, so that the processing of the first sealing ring 1 is simpler.
  • the surface of the second seal ring 2 that is in contact with the first seal ring 1 (not The marking) is also a truncated conical surface whose taper is equal to the sealing surface 10, so that the thickness of each portion of the first sealing ring 1 is uniform, and the processing of the first sealing ring 1 is easier.
  • the thickness W of the first seal ring 1 is set in consideration of various factors such as the cost of raw materials, the service life of the first seal ring 1, and the deformation of the seal face 10 when the seal is subjected to the pressing force F to be in close contact with the spherical surface 40. Ability, etc.
  • the thickness W is larger, the higher the raw material cost, the longer the service life of the first seal ring 1, and the worse the deformation ability of the seal face 10 when the seal member is subjected to the pressing force F, so that the sealing performance is worse.
  • the thickness W of the first seal ring 1 when the thickness W of the first seal ring 1 is set to be less than 1 mm, a good balance can be obtained between the raw material cost, the service life of the first seal ring 1, and the deformability of the seal face 10.
  • the thickness W of the first seal ring 1 may not be limited by this embodiment without considering the raw material cost, the service life of the first seal ring 1, and the deformability of the seal face 10.
  • the seal further includes a skeleton ring 3 which is fixedly disposed on the radially inner side of the second seal ring 2 and the second seal ring 2.
  • the skeleton ring 3 is folded in the axial direction away from the axial end of the first seal ring 1 in a radially outward direction to form an annular flange 30, and the flange 30 is located on the axial side of the second seal ring 2 .
  • the second seal ring 2 has a sealing lip 20 extending obliquely in a radially outward direction on the side facing away from the first seal ring 1 in the axial direction, the so-called tilt means not the second
  • the central axis of the sealing ring 2 is perpendicular, and the sealing lip 20 is spaced apart from the flange 30 in the axial direction.
  • the sealing lip 20 is for forming a contact seal with a member (not shown) located radially outward of the sealing member, and the sealing lip 20 is deformed after forming a contact seal with the member, and the sealing lip 20 and the flange 30 are The spacing therebetween allows the sealing lip 20 to deform, preventing the sealing lip 20 from interfering with the flange 30.
  • the second seal ring 2 is a rubber ring, and the first seal ring 1 and the second seal ring 2 are fixed together by a vulcanization process.
  • the second sealing ring 2 can also be made of other materials different from PTFE, and the first sealing ring 1 and the second sealing ring 2 can also be fixed by other means.
  • the skeleton ring 3 and the second sealing ring 2 are solidified by an interference fit. Putting it together, or the skeleton ring 3 and the second seal ring 2 are fixed together by a vulcanization process. Among them, the latter fixing method has the advantage that the medium cannot leak from between the skeleton ring 3 and the second sealing ring 2 with respect to the former fixing method. In other embodiments, the skeletal ring 3 and the second sealing ring 2 may also be fixed in other ways.
  • the skeleton ring 3 is a metal ring.
  • the sealing surface 10 of the first seal ring 1 has a curvature equal to the spherical surface of the sphere (not shown).
  • the spherical surface that is, the sealing surface 10 coincides with the spherical shape of the sphere, and when the sealing surface 10 is pre-contacted with the spherical surface, the entire sealing surface 10 is in contact with the spherical surface.
  • the advantage of providing the sealing surface 10 as a spherical surface is that after the sealing member is assembled to the ball valve, a small axial direction of pressing force can be applied to the sealing member, which still ensures that the sealing surface 10 and the spherical surface remain Close contact. Since the pressing force is small, the friction torque between the first seal ring 1 and the spherical surface is small, further reducing the wear of the first seal ring 1.
  • the first seal ring 1 is axially oriented toward the sphere 4 (only a part of which is indicated by a broken line in the figure)
  • One side is provided with an annular cavity 14 surrounding the central axis O.
  • the direction in which the axial end of the flared opening defined by the sealing surface 10 is directed toward the other end of the axial direction is the extending direction A.
  • the first sealing ring 1 is located in the ring in the extending direction A.
  • the local portions on both sides of the cavity 14 are in contact with the spherical surface 40 such that the annular cavity 14 and the spherical surface 40 enclose an annular closed cavity.
  • the sealing surface 10 of the first sealing ring 1 is a corrugated curved surface, and the corrugated curved surface is formed by connecting a plurality of annular convex surfaces 12 and annular concave surfaces 13 staggered in the extending direction A, the waveform There are at least two annular convex faces 12 and at least one annular concave face 13 in the curved surface.
  • two annular convex surfaces 12 and one annular concave surface 13 are provided in the curved surface, but in the technical solution of the present invention, the inner surface of the sealing surface 10
  • the number of convex faces 12 and annular recesses 13 should not be limited by the figures.
  • the annular concave surface 13 encloses an annular concave cavity 14, and the first sealing ring 1 is disposed on the two annular convex surfaces 12 at partial portions axially on both sides of the annular concave cavity 14, respectively.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the annular convex surface 12 and the annular concave surface 13 in the radial direction of the first sealing ring 1 is sinusoidal. In other embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the annular convex surface 12 and the annular concave surface 13 in the radial direction of the first sealing ring 1 may also be set to other curved shapes such as an arc.
  • the sealing surface 10 of the first seal ring 1 is a spherical surface having a curvature different from the spherical surface 40 of the sphere 4,
  • the spherical surface on a sealing ring 1 encloses an annular cavity 14 which is arcuate in cross section in the radial direction.
  • the flange 30 on the skeletal ring 3 includes an annular radial extension 300, an annular axial extension 310 and an annular radial extension 320, the annular radial extension 300 being located at the annular axial extension 310.
  • Radially inside, the annular radial extension 320 is located radially outward of the annular axial extension 310, and the axial ends of the annular axial extension 310 are respectively associated with the annular radial extension 300, one end of the annular radial extension 320 Fixed connection.
  • the annular radial extension 300 and the annular axial extension 310 enclose a cavity 330.
  • the cavity 330 may be provided with a coil spring (not shown) in a compressed state, and the axial end of the coil spring abuts against the annular diameter.
  • a coil spring (not shown) in a compressed state, and the axial end of the coil spring abuts against the annular diameter.
  • the first seal ring 1 includes the first unit ring arranged in the extending direction A. 1a and a second unit ring 1b, the second sealing ring 2 is provided with an annular cavity 14 around the central axis O along the axial direction of the spherical body 4.
  • the annular cavity 14 is located in the first unit ring 1a along the extending direction A.
  • the annular cavity 14 has an obtuse-angled triangle in the radial direction of the seal.
  • the first unit ring 1a and the second unit ring 1b are both in contact with the spherical surface 40, and the annular cavity 14 and the spherical surface 40 enclose a closed cavity.
  • the medium leaks from one of the unit rings, it will flow into the annular cavity 14, so that the pressure of the medium is suddenly reduced, so that under the contact between the other unit ring and the spherical surface 40, the pressure can be prevented from being suddenly reduced.
  • the medium leaks, which in turn improves the sealing effect.
  • the sealing surfaces 10 on the first unit ring 1a and the second unit ring 1b are all truncated conical surfaces.
  • the first sealing ring 1 is pre-contacted with the spherical surface 40, the first unit ring 1a and the second unit
  • the truncated conical surface on the unit ring 1b is tangential to the spherical surface 40, that is, the two are in line contact.
  • the first unit ring 1a, the truncated conical surface on the second unit ring 1b and the spherical surface 40 are no longer in line contact by the pressing force in the axial direction. It is a face-to-face contact.
  • the annular cavity 14 on the second seal ring 2 has an arcuate cross section in the radial direction
  • the sealing faces 10 on the unit ring 1a and the second unit ring 1b are all truncated conical surfaces.
  • the sealing surface 10 on the first unit ring 1a is in the extending direction A.
  • One end near the annular cavity 14 is in contact with the spherical surface 40, and the other end is spaced apart from the spherical surface 40.
  • the sealing surface 10 on the second unit ring 1b is in contact with the spherical surface 40 at one end of the annular cavity 14 in the extending direction A, and the other end is The spherical surfaces 40 are spaced apart.
  • the radially outer end of the flange 30 of the skeleton ring 3 is covered by the second sealing ring 2, that is, the radially outer end of the flange 30 is fixed to the second sealing ring 2, reinforcing the skeleton.
  • the connection between the ring 3 and the second sealing ring 2 is reliable.
  • the shape of the annular cavity on the first sealing ring can be arbitrarily set, and should not be limited to the given embodiment.
  • the shape of the first and second unit rings should not be limited by the embodiment. As long as the first sealing ring is in contact with the spherical surface, the first and second unit rings can be in contact with the spherical surface of the sphere for sealing. .
  • the sealing surface on the first sealing ring is not required to be surrounded by a flared opening, and its shape should not Limited to the illustrated embodiment, the area of the sealing surface that is in contact with the spherical surface when the first sealing ring is in contact with the spherical surface is an annular closed area surrounding the central axis of the first sealing ring.
  • the surface of the second seal ring that is in contact with the first seal ring is disposed in the same shape as the seal face of the first seal ring, but it should be noted that in other embodiments, the second seal ring The surface in contact with the first seal ring may also be provided in a shape different from the seal face of the first seal ring.
  • the present invention also provides a ball valve comprising a spherical body having a spherical surface, a valve stem that rotates the ball valve, and the sealing member, the sealing surface of the first sealing ring and the spherical body Spherical contact for sealing.
  • the ball body is provided with a plurality of passages through which the medium flows, and the rotating body can drive the ball to rotate, thereby opening and closing the passage, opening or cutting the flow of the medium.
  • the number of channels on the ball is one and the ball valve has an inlet tube and an outlet tube.
  • the rotary valve stem to the passage is staggered from the inlet and outlet pipes, the passage is closed and the ball valve cuts off the flow of the medium.
  • the valve stem is rotated to align with the inlet and outlet tubes, the passage is opened and the ball valve opens the flow of the medium.
  • the number of channels on the sphere is two or more, and the number of at least one of the inlet and outlet tubes of the ball valve is two or more.
  • the valve stem can be manually controlled or electrically controlled.
  • the ball valve is used as a thermal management module ( Thermal Management Module (TMM), which is installed on the engine of a car to control the flow of coolant to heat the engine when the engine temperature is low and to cool the engine when the engine temperature is high, so that the engine is always suitable. Working at the temperature.
  • TMM Thermal Management Module
  • the ball valve provided by the present invention can also be applied to other fields.
  • the embodiments use a progressive writing method, and the differences from the foregoing embodiments are mainly described.
  • the same portions in the respective embodiments can be referred to the foregoing embodiments.

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Abstract

一种球阀的密封件，包括中轴线平行的第一密封环（1）和第二密封环（2），第一密封环（1）和第二密封环（2）的材料不同，第一密封环（1）位于第二密封环（2）沿轴向朝向球阀中球体（4）的一侧，并用于与球体（4）的球面（40）接触以进行密封；第一密封环（1）和第二密封环（2）固定设置，第一密封环（1）为冲压成型的环形PTFE片。由于PTFE的摩擦系数极低，故第一密封环（1）与球体（4）的球面（40）之间的摩擦扭矩较小，第一密封环（1）不易被磨损，不易出现密封失效的问题。另外，第一密封环（1）由冲压成型而成，加工过程相对于其他加工过程更为签章，而且利用同一冲压模具可以实现对第一密封（1）环进行大批量生产，提高了第一密封环（1）的生产效率，降低了第一密封环（1）的生产成本。此外，使用该密封件的球阀被公开。

Description

球阀及用于球阀的密封件
本申请要求于2015年11月19日提交中国专利局、申请号为201510802493.5、发明名称为“球阀及用于球阀的密封件”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
本申请要求于2016年06月08日提交中国专利局、申请号为201610405299.8、发明名称为“球阀及用于球阀的密封件”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及球阀技术领域，特别是涉及一种球阀及用于球阀的密封件。
背景技术
球阀能够开启或切断介质的流动，其包括球体和阀杆，球体的球面上设有若干供介质流过的通道，通过旋转阀杆能够带动所述球体旋转，从而启闭通道，开启或切断介质的流动。为了防止介质在球体的球面处发生泄漏，所述球阀中设置有密封件。
所述密封件包括沿轴向并排设置的第一、二密封环，所述第一密封环与所述球体的球面接触以进行密封，防止介质从第一密封环的密封面与球体的球面之间泄漏。所述第一、二密封环的材料不同，其中，所述第一密封环的材料为PVDF(Poly(vinylidene fluoride)，聚偏氟乙烯)。
但是，PVDF的摩擦系数较大，在球体相对第一密封环旋转时易造成第一密封环被磨损以致密封失效。
发明内容
本发明要解决的问题是：现有球阀上的密封件易被磨损以致密封失效。
为解决上述问题，本发明提供了一种用于球阀的密封件，所述密封件包括中轴线平行的第一、二密封环，所述第一、二密封环的材料不同，所述第一密封环位于第二密封环沿轴向朝向所述球阀中球体的一侧，并用于与所述球体的球面接触以进行密封；所述第一、二密封环固定设置，所述第一密封环为冲压成型的环形PTFE片。
可选地，所述第一密封环在所述轴向上背向所述第二密封环的环形密封面围成扩口状开口。
可选地，所述密封面为截顶圆锥面。
可选地，所述密封面为曲率与所述球体的球面相等的球面。
可选地，所述第一密封环沿所述轴向朝向所述球体的一侧设有环绕所述中轴线的环形凹腔；
定义所述扩口状开口的轴向一端指向轴向另一端的方向为延伸方向，所述第一密封环沿所述延伸方向位于所述环形凹腔两侧的局部部位均设置为适于与所述球面接触，使得所述环形凹腔适于与所述球面围成环形封闭腔。
可选地，所述密封面为波形曲面，所述波形曲面由若干在所述延伸方向上交错设置的环形凸面和环形凹面相连而成，所述波形曲面中所述环形凸面至少有两个、所述环形凹面至少有一个，所述环形凹面围成所述环形凹腔，所述局部部位设置在所述环形凸面上；或者，
所述密封面为曲率与所述球体的球面不同的球面，所述第一密封环上的球面围成所述环形凹腔。
可选地，定义所述扩口状开口的轴向一端指向轴向另一端的方向为延伸方向，所述第一密封环包括沿所述延伸方向间隔排列的第一、二单元环；
所述第二密封环沿所述轴向朝向所述球体的一侧设有环绕所述中轴线的环形凹腔，所述环形凹腔沿所述延伸方向位于所述第一、二单元环之间，所述第一、二单元环均适于与所述球面接触，使得所述环形凹腔适于与所述球面围成环形封闭腔。
可选地，所述第一、二单元环上的密封面均为截顶圆锥面；
所述第一、二单元环上的密封面均适于在与所述球面预接触时相切；或者，
所述第一、二单元环上的密封面均适于在与所述球面预接触时，在所述延伸方向上靠近所述环形凹腔的一端与所述球面接触，另一端与所述球面间隔设置。
可选地，所述第一密封环的厚度小于1mm。
可选地，所述第二密封环为橡胶环，所述第一、二密封环通过硫化工艺固定在一起。
可选地，所述密封件还包括：骨架环，在所述第二密封环的径向内侧与所述第二密封环固定设置；
所述骨架环在所述轴向上远离第一密封环的轴向端部沿径向向外的方向翻折以形成环形翻边，所述翻边位于第二密封环的轴向一侧，或者，所述翻边的径向外端被所述第二密封环包覆。
另外，本发明还提供了一种球阀，其包括：具有球面的球体；上述任一所述的密封件，所述第一密封环的所述密封面与所述球体的球面接触以进行密封。
与现有技术相比，本发明的技术方案具有以下优点：
第一密封环为冲压成型的环形PTFE片。一方面，PTFE的摩擦系数极低，另一方面，PTFE比PVDF更软，第一密封环能够在更小的作用力下与球体形成接触式密封，故第一密封环与球体的球面之间的摩擦扭矩较小，第一密封环不易被磨损，不易出现密封失效的问题。另外，第一密封环由冲压成型而成，加工过程相对于其他加工过程更为简单，而且利用同一冲压模具可以实现对第一密封环进行大批量生产，大大提高了第一密封环的生产效率，降低了第一密封环的生产成本。
附图说明
图1是本发明的第一实施例中密封件组装至球阀之后第一密封环的密封面与球体的球面在接触状态下的剖面图；
图2是本发明的第一实施例中密封件的剖面图；
图3是本发明的第二实施例中密封件的剖面图；
图4是本发明的第三实施例中密封件的剖面图；
图5是本发明的第四实施例中密封件的剖面图；
图6是本发明的第五实施例中密封件的剖面图；
图7是本发明的第六实施例中密封件的剖面图；
上述所有剖面图的剖切面均为密封件的中轴线所在的平面。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更为明显易懂，下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施例做详细的说明。
第一实施例
结合图1至图2所示，本实施例提供了一种用于球阀的密封件，所述密封件包括第一密封环1和第二密封环2，第一密封环1、第二密封环2的中轴线(未图示)平行，且两者的材料不同。第一密封环1位于第二密封环2沿轴向朝向所述球阀中球体4的一侧，并用于与球体4的球面40接触以进行密封，防止介质在球体4的球面40处发生泄漏。在本发明的技术方案，所谓轴向均是指密封件的轴向方向。
第一密封环1为冲压成型的环形PTFE(Polytetrafluoroethylene，聚四氟乙烯)片，即，利用冲压模具对环形PTFE原料件进行冲压加工，使环形PTFE原料件发生塑性变形并成型为所需形状后，即可获得环形PTFE片。
在本发明的技术方案中，第一密封环1之所以采用冲压成型工艺形成，而非采用其他工艺(如车削)形成，是因为冲压成型的加工过 程相对于其他工艺的加工过程更为简单，而且利用同一冲压模具可以实现对第一密封环1进行大批量生产，大大提高了第一密封环1的生产效率，降低了第一密封环1的生产成本。
一方面，PTFE的摩擦系数极低，另一方面，PTFE比PVDF更软，第一密封环1能够在更小的作用力下与球体4形成接触式密封，故第一密封环1与球体4的球面40之间的摩擦扭矩较小，第一密封环1不易被磨损，不易出现密封失效的问题。
在将所述密封件组装至球阀上之后，所述密封件会受到轴向方向的挤压力F，挤压力F自第二密封圈2传递至第一密封圈1，使得第一密封圈1发生形变、密封面10能与球体4的球面40保持紧密接触以进行密封。由于第一密封环1与第二密封环2固定在一起，故第二密封圈2能够将呈片状、厚度较薄的第一密封圈1牢牢地抵靠在球面40上，防止第一密封环1从球面40上滑落以致密封失效。
在本发明中，定义第一密封环1用来与球体4的球面40接触的表面为环形密封面10。在本实施例中，第一密封环1在所述轴向上背向第二密封环2的环形密封面10围成扩口状开口11，在本发明的技术方案中，所谓扩口状开口11是指开口11的口径在自第二密封环2指向球体4的轴向方向上有增大的趋势。围成扩口状开口11的密封面10与球面40的形状较为相适应，将所述密封件沿轴向抵靠在球体4的球面40之后，密封面10与球面40之间能获得较大的接触面积，以实现良好的密封。
进一步地，在本实施例中，第一密封环1的密封面10为截顶圆锥面，在与球面40预接触时，密封面10与球面40几乎为线接触。在本发明的技术方案中，所谓预接触是指：第一密封环1与球面40虽然有接触，但第一密封环1几乎未发生变形。在将所述密封件组装至球阀上之后，受挤压力F的作用，密封面10与球面40之间不再为线接触而是面接触。
在本实施例的技术方案中，将密封面10设置为截顶圆锥面的好处是便于冲压模具的加工，使得第一密封环1的加工更为简单。
在本实施例中，第二密封环2中与第一密封环1接触的表面(未 标识)也为截顶圆锥面，其锥度与密封面10相等，使得第一密封环1各个部位的厚度均匀一致，第一密封环1的加工更为容易。
第一密封环1的厚度W设置需考虑诸多因素，如原材料成本、第一密封环1的使用寿命、在所述密封件受到挤压力F时密封面10发生变形以与球面40紧密接触的能力等。当厚度W越大时，原材料成本越高，第一密封环1的使用寿命越长，在所述密封件受到挤压力F时密封面10的变形能力越差以致密封性能越差。经研究发现，第一密封环1的厚度W设置为小于1mm时，能在原材料成本、第一密封环1的使用寿命、密封面10的变形能力之间获得较好的平衡。当然，在不考虑原材料成本、第一密封环1的使用寿命、密封面10的变形能力的情况下，第一密封环1的厚度W也可以不受本实施例的限制。
在本实施例中，所述密封件还包括骨架环3，骨架环3在第二密封环2的径向内侧与第二密封环2固定设置。骨架环3在所述轴向上远离第一密封环1的轴向端部沿径向向外的方向翻折以形成环形翻边30，翻边30位于第二密封环2的轴向一侧。在将所述密封件组装至球阀上之后，所述密封件受到的挤压力F由呈压缩状态的弹性件(未图示)施加在翻边30上，所述弹性件可以为弹簧。
在本实施例中，第二密封环2在所述轴向上背向第一密封环1的一侧具有沿径向向外的方向倾斜延伸的密封唇20，所谓倾斜是指不与第二密封环2的中轴线垂直，密封唇20在所述轴向上与翻边30存在间隔。密封唇20用于与位于所述密封件径向外侧的部件(未图示)形成接触式密封，密封唇20与所述部件形成接触式密封之后会发生变形，密封唇20与翻边30之间的间隔允许密封唇20发生变形，避免密封唇20与翻边30发生干涉。
在本实施例中，第二密封环2为橡胶环，第一密封环1、第二密封环2通过硫化工艺固定在一起。在其他实施例中，第二密封环2也可以采用其他与PTFE不同的材料制成，第一密封环1、第二密封环2也可以采用其他方式固定。
在本实施例中，骨架环3与第二密封环2通过过盈配合的方式固 定在一起，或者，骨架环3与第二密封环2通过硫化工艺固定在一起。其中，后一种固定方式相对于前一种固定方式具有以下优点：介质无法自骨架环3与第二密封环2之间泄漏。在其他实施例中，骨架环3与第二密封环2也可以采用其他方式固定。
在本实施例中，骨架环3为金属环。
第二实施例
第二实施例与第一实施例之间的区别在于：如图3所示，在第二实施例中，第一密封环1的密封面10为曲率与球体(未图示)的球面相等的球面，即，密封面10与球体的球面形状吻合，在密封面10与球面预接触时，整个密封面10均与球面接触。将密封面10设置为球面的好处是在将所述密封件组装至球阀上之后，可以给所述密封件施加较小的轴向方向的挤压力，这样仍能保证密封面10与球面保持紧密接触。由于所述挤压力较小，故第一密封环1与球面之间的摩擦扭矩较小，进一步降低了第一密封环1的磨损。
第三实施例
第三实施例与第一实施例之间的区别在于：如图4所示，在第三实施例中，第一密封环1沿轴向朝向球体4(图中仅用虚线示意出一部分)的一侧设有环绕中轴线O的环形凹腔14。定义密封面10所围成的扩口状开口的轴向一端指向轴向另一端的方向为延伸方向A，将所述密封件组装至球阀上之后，第一密封环1沿延伸方向A位于环形凹腔14两侧的局部部位均与球面40接触，使得环形凹腔14与球面40围成环形封闭腔。当介质自其中一个所述局部部位泄漏时，会流入环形凹腔14内，使得介质的压强骤减，这样一来，在另一个所述局部部位与球面40之间的密封作用下，仍能够阻止压强骤减的介质泄漏，进而提高了密封效果。
具体地，在本实施例中，第一密封环1的密封面10为波形曲面，所述波形曲面由若干在延伸方向A上交错设置的环形凸面12和环形凹面13相连而成，所述波形曲面中环形凸面12至少有两个、环形凹面13至少有一个。在图中，以所述波形曲面中设有两个环形凸面12和一个环形凹面13为例，但在本发明的技术方案中，密封面10中环 形凸面12、环形凹面13的数量不应受图中的限制。
环形凹面13围成环形凹腔14，第一密封环1沿轴向位于环形凹腔14两侧的局部部位分别设置在两个环形凸面12上。将所述密封件组装至球阀上之后，两个环形凸面12均与球面40接触，环形凹面13与球面40存在间隔并围成封闭腔。
在一个具体实施例中，环形凸面12、环形凹面13在第一密封环1径向方向上的断面形状为正弦曲线。在其他实施例中，环形凸面12、环形凹面13在第一密封环1径向方向上的断面形状也可以设置为弧线等其他曲面形状。
第四实施例
第四实施例与第三实施例之间的区别在于：如图5所示，在第四实施例中，第一密封环1的密封面10为曲率与球体4的球面40不同的球面，第一密封环1上的该球面围成环形凹腔14，环形凹腔14在径向方向上的截面呈弓形。在将密封件组装至球阀之后，密封面10沿延伸方向A在环形凹腔14的两端均与球面40接触，环形凹腔14与球面40围成封闭腔。
在本实施例中，骨架环3上的翻边30包括环形径向延伸部300、环形轴向延伸部310和环形径向延伸部320，环形径向延伸部300位于环形轴向延伸部310的径向内侧，环形径向延伸部320位于环形轴向延伸部310的径向外侧，环形轴向延伸部310的轴向两端分别与环形径向延伸部300、环形径向延伸部320的一端固定连接。
环形径向延伸部300与环形轴向延伸部310围成腔室330，腔室330内可以设置一呈压缩状态的螺旋弹簧(未图示)，该螺旋弹簧的轴向一端抵靠在环形径向延伸部300上，以用于向密封件施加轴向方向的挤压力，从而将第一密封环1牢牢地抵靠在球体4上，环形轴向延伸部310用于对该螺旋弹簧起限位作用，防止其在径向方向晃动。
第五实施例
第五实施例与第一实施例之间的区别在于：如图6所示，在第五实施例中，第一密封环1包括沿延伸方向A间隔排列的第一单元环 1a和第二单元环1b，第二密封环2沿轴向朝向球体4的一侧设有环绕中轴线O的环形凹腔14，环形凹腔14沿延伸方向A位于第一单元环1a、第二单元环1b之间，环形凹腔14在密封件径向方向上的截面呈钝角三角形。将所述密封件组装至球阀上之后，第一单元环1a和第二单元环1b均与球面40接触，环形凹腔14与球面40围成封闭腔。当介质自其中一个单元环泄漏时，会流入环形凹腔14内，使得介质的压强骤减，这样一来，在另一个单元环与球面40之间的接触作用下，仍能够阻止压强骤减的介质泄漏，进而提高了密封效果。
在本实施例中，第一单元环1a、第二单元环1b上的密封面10均为截顶圆锥面，在第一密封环1与球面40预接触时，第一单元环1a、第二单元环1b上的该截顶圆锥面均与球面40相切，即两者线接触。在将所述密封件组装至球阀上之后，受轴向方向挤压力的作用，第一单元环1a、第二单元环1b上的该截顶圆锥面与球面40之间不再为线接触而是面接触。
第六实施例
第六实施例与第五实施例之间的区别在于：如图7所示，在第六实施例中，第二密封环2上的环形凹腔14在径向方向上的截面呈弓形，第一单元环1a、第二单元环1b上的密封面10均为截顶圆锥面，在第一密封环1与球面40预接触时，第一单元环1a上的密封面10在延伸方向A上靠近环形凹腔14的一端与球面40接触、另一端与球面40间隔设置，第二单元环1b上的密封面10在延伸方向A上靠近环形凹腔14的一端与球面40接触，另一端与球面40间隔设置。
在本实施例中，骨架环3上翻边30的径向外端被第二密封环2包覆，即，翻边30的径向外端与第二密封环2固定在一起，加强了骨架环3与第二密封环2的连接牢靠度。
需说明的是，在本发明的技术方案中，第一密封环上环形凹腔的形状可以任意设置，并不应局限于所给实施例。另外，第一、二单元环的形状并不应受所给实施例的限制，只要在第一密封环与球面接触时，第一、二单元环均能与球体的球面接触以进行密封即可。而且，第一密封环上的密封面并不要求必须围成扩口状开口，其形状也不应 受所给实施例的限制，只要在第一密封环与球面接触时，密封面上与球面接触的区域是一个环绕第一密封环的中轴线的环形封闭区域即可。
在上述所有实施例中，第二密封环中与第一密封环接触的表面设置为与第一密封环的密封面相同的形状，但需说明的是，在其它实施例中，第二密封环中与第一密封环接触的表面也可以设置为与第一密封环的密封面不同的形状。
在上述密封件的基础上，本发明还提供了一种球阀，其包括具有球面的球体、带动球阀旋转地阀杆和上述密封件，所述第一密封环的所述密封面与所述球体的球面接触以进行密封。所述球体设有若干供介质流过的通道，通过旋转阀杆能够带动所述球体旋转，从而启闭通道，开启或切断介质的流动。
在一个实施例中，所述球体上通道的数量为一个，球阀具有一个进管和一个出管。当旋转阀杆至通道与进管、出管错开时，通道关闭，球阀切断介质的流动。当旋转阀杆至通道与进管、出管对准时，通道开启，球阀开启介质的流动。
在另一个实施例中，所述球体上通道的数量为两个以上，球阀上进管、出管至少有一个的数量为两个以上。当旋转阀杆至任一通道与任一进管、出管错开时，通道关闭，球阀切断介质的流动。当旋转阀杆至其中一个通道与其中一个进管、出管对准时，通道开启，球阀开启介质的流动。当通道与不同的进管、出管对准时，能够改变介质的流动方向。
在本发明的球阀中，阀杆可以手动控制，也可以电动控制。当阀杆电动控制，且所述球体上通道的数量为两个以上，球阀上进管、出管至少有一个的数量为两个以上时，作为其中一种应用，该球阀用作热管理模块(Thermal Management Module，简称TMM)，其安装在汽车的发动机上，用于控制冷却剂的流向，以在发动机温度偏低时加热发动机、在发动机温度偏高时冷却发动机，从而使发动机始终保持在适宜的温度下工作。当然，本发明所提供的球阀也可以应用在其他领域。
本发明中，各实施例采用递进式写法，重点描述与前述实施例的不同之处，各实施例中的相同部分可以参照前述实施例。
虽然本发明披露如上，但本发明并非限定于此。任何本领域技术人员，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，均可作各种更动与修改，因此本发明的保护范围应当以权利要求所限定的范围为准。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种用于球阀的密封件，所述密封件包括中轴线平行的第一、二密封环，所述第一、二密封环的材料不同，所述第一密封环位于第二密封环沿轴向朝向所述球阀中球体的一侧，并用于与所述球体的球面接触以进行密封；
    其特征在于，所述第一、二密封环固定设置，所述第一密封环为冲压成型的环形PTFE片。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的密封件，其特征在于，所述第一密封环在所述轴向上背向所述第二密封环的环形密封面围成扩口状开口。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的密封件，其特征在于，所述密封面为截顶圆锥面。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的密封件，其特征在于，所述密封面为曲率与所述球体的球面相等的球面。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的密封件，其特征在于，所述第一密封环沿所述轴向朝向所述球体的一侧设有环绕所述中轴线的环形凹腔；
    定义所述扩口状开口的轴向一端指向轴向另一端的方向为延伸方向，所述第一密封环沿所述延伸方向位于所述环形凹腔两侧的局部部位均设置为适于与所述球面接触，使得所述环形凹腔适于与所述球面围成环形封闭腔。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的密封件，其特征在于，所述密封面为波形曲面，所述波形曲面由若干在所述延伸方向上交错设置的环形凸面和环形凹面相连而成，所述波形曲面中所述环形凸面至少有两个、所述环形凹面至少有一个，所述环形凹面围成所述环形凹腔，所述局部部位设置在所述环形凸面上；或者，
    所述密封面为曲率与所述球体的球面不同的球面，所述第一密封环上的球面围成所述环形凹腔。
  7. 如权利要求2所述的密封件，其特征在于，定义所述扩口状开口的轴向一端指向轴向另一端的方向为延伸方向，所述第一密封环包括沿所述延伸方向间隔排列的第一、二单元环；
    所述第二密封环沿所述轴向朝向所述球体的一侧设有环绕所述中轴线的环形凹腔，所述环形凹腔沿所述延伸方向位于所述第一、二单元环之间，所述第一、二单元环均适于与所述球面接触，使得所述环形凹腔适于与所述球面围成环形封闭腔。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的密封件，其特征在于，所述第一、二单元环上的密封面均为截顶圆锥面；
    所述第一、二单元环上的密封面均适于在与所述球面预接触时相切；或者，
    所述第一、二单元环上的密封面均适于在与所述球面预接触时，在所述延伸方向上靠近所述环形凹腔的一端与所述球面接触，另一端与所述球面间隔设置。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的密封件，其特征在于，所述第一密封环的厚度小于1mm。
  10. 如权利要求1至9任一项所述的密封件，其特征在于，所述第二密封环为橡胶环，所述第一、二密封环通过硫化工艺固定在一起。
  11. 如权利要求1至9任一项所述的密封件，其特征在于，所述密封件还包括：骨架环，在所述第二密封环的径向内侧与所述第二密封环固定设置；
    所述骨架环在所述轴向上远离第一密封环的轴向端部沿径向向外的方向翻折以形成环形翻边，所述翻边位于第二密封环的轴向一侧，或者，所述翻边的径向外端被所述第二密封环包覆。
  12. 一种球阀，其特征在于，包括：
    具有球面的球体；
    权利要求1至11任一项所述的密封件，所述第一密封环的所述密封面与所述球体的球面接触以进行密封。
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