WO2017071482A1 - 串联式锥面阀 - Google Patents

串联式锥面阀 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017071482A1
WO2017071482A1 PCT/CN2016/102029 CN2016102029W WO2017071482A1 WO 2017071482 A1 WO2017071482 A1 WO 2017071482A1 CN 2016102029 W CN2016102029 W CN 2016102029W WO 2017071482 A1 WO2017071482 A1 WO 2017071482A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve
spool
valve core
valve stem
core
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/102029
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
尤隐森
Original Assignee
尤隐森
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201510703641.8A external-priority patent/CN105179721B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201620036398.9U external-priority patent/CN205278541U/zh
Application filed by 尤隐森 filed Critical 尤隐森
Priority to US15/744,071 priority Critical patent/US10302203B2/en
Publication of WO2017071482A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017071482A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K5/00—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary
    • F16K5/02—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary with plugs having conical surfaces; Packings therefor
    • F16K5/0235—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary with plugs having conical surfaces; Packings therefor with the angle the spindle makes housing being other than 90 degrees
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K39/00—Devices for relieving the pressure on the sealing faces
    • F16K39/06—Devices for relieving the pressure on the sealing faces for taps or cocks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K5/00—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary
    • F16K5/02—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary with plugs having conical surfaces; Packings therefor
    • F16K5/0207—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary with plugs having conical surfaces; Packings therefor with special plug arrangement, e.g. special shape or built in means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K5/00—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary
    • F16K5/02—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary with plugs having conical surfaces; Packings therefor
    • F16K5/0214—Plug channel at 90 degrees to the inlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K5/00—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary
    • F16K5/08—Details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K5/00—Plug valves; Taps or cocks comprising only cut-off apparatus having at least one of the sealing faces shaped as a more or less complete surface of a solid of revolution, the opening and closing movement being predominantly rotary
    • F16K5/08—Details
    • F16K5/10—Means for additional adjustment of the rate of flow

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of valve technology for conducting or shutting off fluid passages and regulating fluid flow.
  • a valve is a fluid system that controls the direction, pressure, and flow of a fluid. It is a device that allows the piping and the medium (liquid, gas, powder) in the equipment to flow or stop and control its flow.
  • the valve is a control component in the pipeline fluid delivery system. It is used to change the passage section and the flow direction of the medium, and has the functions of diversion, cutoff, throttling, check, split or overflow relief.
  • Valves for fluid control from the simplest shut-off valves to the valves used in extremely complex automatic control systems, come in a wide variety of sizes and sizes.
  • the cone valve has the performance of the gate valve, but the gate is tapered and can have no dead angle inside the valve body; it has the function of the shut-off valve, but the interior is simple, and the forced sealing mechanism of the valve body to the valve body is moved to the outside of the valve body; It has plug valve performance but no dead angle inside, and relatively lighter material weight; it has ball valve performance but no dead angle inside and relatively lighter material weight, it has butterfly valve performance and can be forced to seal .
  • the self-repairing and wear resistance of the cone valve is more than the existing valve.
  • the inventors have found that the prior art has the following problems: a tapered valve, when the valve has a large diameter or a high pipeline pressure, the resistance of the valve is particularly large at the moment of opening and closing, and the inventors consider A separate bypass method is adopted to maintain the same fluid pressure on both sides of the shutter to open and close the shutter. After the gate valve is opened and closed, the smaller secondary gate valve is opened and closed, but such a valve and pipeline structure is complicated.
  • the inventors provide a tandem type cone valve, the cone valve including a valve stem, a valve core and a valve body, the valve stem including a first valve stem and a second valve stem, the valve
  • the core includes a first spool and a second spool;
  • the valve body has a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, and the valve body is provided with a valve core cavity for accommodating the first valve core and the second valve core, and a valve stem for the first valve stem and the second valve stem to pass through a hole through which the valve stem hole penetrates from the valve body surface;
  • the first valve stem is disposed coaxially with the second valve stem, and the second valve stem is sleeved in the first valve stem, and the first valve stem and the second valve stem are relatively rotatable;
  • the first valve core and the second valve core are coaxially disposed in the valve core cavity, the outer wall of the first valve core is matched with the inner wall of the valve core cavity, and the first valve core is connected with the first valve stem, A valve stem drives the first valve stem to rotate, the outer wall of the second valve core is matched with the inner wall of the first valve core, and the second valve core is connected with the second valve stem, and is driven by the second valve stem.
  • the second valve stem is rotated by the shaft, and the first valve core and the second valve core are relatively rotatable;
  • the outer wall of the first valve core and the second valve core are tapered, and the lower end opening of the first valve core and the lower end opening of the second valve core correspond to the lower end opening of the tapered surface, the first valve core and the second valve core
  • the second valve core is smaller than the first valve core
  • the first valve core is provided with a first flow hole of the first valve core and a second flow hole of the first valve core penetrating the inner wall and the outer wall of the first valve core
  • the valve core cavity is provided a spool cavity corresponding to the first flow hole of the first valve core and the second flow hole of the first valve core
  • the second valve core has a second spool flow hole penetrating through the inner wall and the outer wall of the second valve core,
  • the second spool flow hole corresponds to the second flow hole of the first valve core
  • the first orifice When the first spool rotates to the first spool, the first orifice is in communication with the spool cavity, the fluid passage between the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet passes through the lower end opening of the first spool, the first orifice of the first spool and The spool cavity is connected to form a main passage.
  • the main passage When the first spool is rotated until the first orifice of the first spool is interlaced with the spool bore, the main passage is interrupted by the first spool;
  • the fluid inlet The fluid passage between the fluid outlet and the fluid outlet passes through the lower end opening of the second spool, the second spool orifice, and the second orifice of the first spool communicates with the spool cavity to form a bypass passage when the second spool Rotating to the second spool orifice and staggering with the first orifice of the first spool, or when the first spool is rotated until the second orifice of the first spool is interleaved with the spool bore, the bypass passage is blocked by the second valve The core or the first spool is cut off.
  • the angular range of the valve core partially overlaps with the angular range of the valve core when the second flow hole of the first valve core is in communication with the spool cavity flow hole.
  • the spool cavity corresponding to the first orifice of the first spool and the spool cavity corresponding to the second orifice of the first spool are the same spool cavity.
  • first valve core and the first valve stem are in an integrated structure
  • second valve core and the second valve stem are in an integrated structure
  • the tapered valve further includes a first fixing nut, a second fixing nut, a first valve stem driving member, a second valve stem driving member, a first elastic member and a second elastic member;
  • the first valve stem top end is provided with an external thread
  • the first fixing nut is screwed to the first valve stem top end
  • the second valve stem sleeved in the first valve stem passes through the first valve stem top end
  • the first The top of the second valve stem is provided with an external thread
  • the second fixed nut is screwed to the top end of the second valve stem;
  • the first valve stem drive member is coupled to the first valve stem, and the second valve stem drive member is coupled to the second valve stem;
  • the two ends of the first elastic member are respectively connected with the valve body and the first valve stem, and the first valve stem is applied with an outward pulling force from the valve body, and the two ends of the second elastic member are respectively connected to the first valve stem and The second valve stem applies a pulling force outward from the first valve stem to the second valve stem.
  • the first elastic member and the second elastic member are elastic spacers or compression springs
  • the first valve stem driving member and the second valve stem driving member are driving wheels or driving rods, and the driving wheel is a first valve rod or a second valve rod A shaft, the drive rod extending radially outward from the first valve stem or the second valve stem.
  • the cone valve may be a direct current taper valve, the fluid flowing directly through the valve chamber with a straight flow path in the middle.
  • the fluid passage is in a straight path, and the valve stem is disposed at an oblique angle with the straight passage.
  • the cone valve may be a corner-type cone valve, the fluid inlet is at a right angle to the outlet axis, and the fluid passage of the spool chamber is curved.
  • the valve stem is disposed axially with the fluid inlet passage.
  • the cone valve may be a straight-through cone valve with the fluid inlet on the same axis as the fluid outlet.
  • the fluid passage within the spool cavity is a curved passageway that is disposed perpendicular to the fluid inlet or fluid outlet axis.
  • the valve body includes a first valve body and a second valve body connected, the first valve body and the second valve body are connected at a valve core cavity, and the first fluid channel is disposed at the In a valve body, the second fluid passage is disposed in the second valve body.
  • the tapered valve provided by the above technical solution, when the pipeline is in the cut-off state, the first flow hole of the first valve core is interlaced with the flow hole of the valve core cavity, and the second valve core flow hole and the first valve The second orifice of the core is staggered, the fluid passage in the valve is cut off, and there is a pressure difference between the fluids at both ends of the spool. Since the area of the first valve core in contact with the fluid is large, the pressure received is also large and is not easy to rotate.
  • the area of the second valve core in contact with the fluid is smaller than that of the first valve core, so the pressure is less than the first
  • the spool can rotate the second valve stem before the valve is passed through the pipeline, and the second spool rotates the second spool to rotate the second spool to the second spool orifice and the first spool
  • the fluid passage between the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet communicates with the second flow hole of the first valve core through the lower end opening of the second valve core, that is, through the bypass passage
  • the main fluid passage in the valve is turned on.
  • the second valve stem can be rotated to drive the second valve core to make the second valve
  • the core flow hole communicates with the second flow hole of the first valve core, and secondly rotates the first valve stem, and the first valve stem drives the first valve core to rotate, when the first valve core rotates to the first valve core first flow hole and the valve
  • the core cavity orifice is staggered to the size of the main passage.
  • the tapered valve is arranged on the basis of the first valve core to form a coaxial second valve core, and the second valve stem for driving the second valve core to rotate is sleeved in the first valve stem, so that the valve structure is simple and compact, and the valve body is simple and compact.
  • the stage spool can be rotated separately to realize the graded opening/closing valve, which can solve the reduction
  • the large-scale cone valve has a large resistance at the moment of opening and closing.
  • FIG. 1A is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a tapered through-valve valve according to a specific embodiment (a main channel is in a conducting state);
  • FIG. 1B is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a tapered through-valve valve according to a specific embodiment (a bypass passage conduction state);
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a tapered through-flow valve according to a specific embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a tapered angle valve according to a specific embodiment
  • 4A to 4D are relative positions of the first flow hole of the first valve core, the second flow hole of the first valve core and the flow hole of the valve core cavity in the valve opening-closing process according to the embodiment;
  • FIG. 5A is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the first valve core and the valve core cavity at the orifice of the valve core cavity when the main channel of the tapered valve of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1A is in an ON state;
  • FIG. 5B is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the first spool and the spool cavity at the orifice of the spool cavity when the tapered valve bypass passage of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1B is in an on state;
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the development of the valve core cavity on the inner surface of the valve core cavity.
  • valve cavity unsealed line does not contact the groove
  • the spool cavity orifice corresponds to a portion of the first orifice of the first spool
  • the spool cavity orifice corresponds to a portion of the second orifice of the first spool (arc slot);
  • the embodiment provides a cone valve, the cone valve includes a valve stem, a valve core and a valve body, and the valve stem includes a first valve stem 11 and a second valve stem 12 .
  • the spool includes a first spool 21 and a second spool 22;
  • the valve body has a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, and the valve body is provided with a valve core cavity for accommodating the first valve core 21 and the second valve core 22, and for the first valve stem 11 and the second valve stem 12 to pass through. Through the valve stem hole, the valve stem hole penetrates from the valve body surface to the valve core cavity.
  • the passage through which the fluid flows between the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet is a fluid passage
  • the fluid passage between the fluid inlet and the spool chamber is a first fluid passage 312
  • the fluid passage between the spool chamber and the fluid outlet is a second fluid passage 322
  • the first valve stem 11 is disposed coaxially with the second valve stem 12, and the second valve stem 12 is sleeved in the first valve stem 11, and the first valve stem and the second valve stem are relatively rotatable, and the two form a sleeve Structure;
  • the first valve core 21 and the second valve core 22 are coaxially disposed in the valve core cavity.
  • the outer wall of the first valve core is matched with the inner wall of the valve core cavity, and the first valve core is connected to the first valve stem.
  • the first valve stem is rotated by the first valve stem
  • the outer wall of the second valve core is matched with the inner wall of the first valve core
  • the second valve core is connected with the second valve stem, and is driven by the second valve stem.
  • the second valve stem is rotated about the shaft, and the first valve core and the second valve core are relatively rotatable.
  • the second valve core is smaller than the first valve core.
  • Fitted in the embodiment means that the matching spool and the valve core, or the shape between the valve core and the cavity can be sleeved together, and the liquid sealing effect can be achieved, the outer wall of the valve core and the valve
  • the inner wall of the core is adapted, or the outer wall of the valve core is adapted to the inner wall of the valve core chamber to ensure the liquid sealing performance of the valve structure.
  • the inner wall of the valve core cavity or the outer wall of the valve core may be lined with a material such as polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • a material such as polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • a valve cavity (unsealed line does not contact the groove) 330 is provided in the valve core cavity, and the valve cavity groove 330 is along
  • the inner wall of the valve core cavity is circumferentially disposed, and the lower edge of the valve cavity is located above the lower edge of the first valve core, and the bottom surface of the groove of the valve cavity 330 is not in contact with the valve core, so that the valve core cavity and the first valve core are directly
  • the area of the contact is relatively reduced, which is beneficial to reduce the resistance of the rotation, and during processing, the precision machining matching can be performed only on the inner wall of the valve core cavity which is in contact with the first valve core, which is advantageous for achieving higher machining assembly precision.
  • first valve core and the first valve stem are in an integrated structure
  • second valve core and the second valve stem are in an integrated structure
  • the first valve core or the second valve core may be formed by turning a single piece of metal or integrally cast.
  • the integrated valve stem-spool structure has a simple structure, reliable strength and convenient assembly, and the sealing performance between the valve plug-valve and the valve body is reliable.
  • valve stem, the valve core, the valve body and the like may be made of a metal material or a polymer material such as plastic.
  • the outer wall of the first valve core and the second valve core has a tapered shape.
  • the outer wall of the first valve core and the second valve core has a tapered surface.
  • the tapered surface is a cone surface or a portion of a cone surface, collectively referred to as a tapered surface.
  • valve core with a tapered shape is adopted, which has a simple structure and is convenient for processing, production and assembly.
  • the angle of the cone of the spool ranges from 33 degrees to 43 degrees.
  • the outer wall taper angle of the spool ranges from 33 degrees to 43 degrees, more preferably from 37 degrees to 39 degrees.
  • the taper angle is advantageous for reducing the surface area of the outer wall of the valve core so that the force of the rotary valve core is small, and the manufacturing material of the valve core is saved, and the production cost is reduced.
  • the angle of the cone is the angle of the apex angle of the triangle formed by the cross section of the spool along the centerline.
  • the lower end opening of the first valve body 21 and the lower end opening of the second valve body 22 correspond to the lower end opening of the tapered surface, the first valve core 21 and the second valve core 22 are stacked, and the second valve core is smaller than the first valve core When laminating, the first spool is outside and the second spool is inside.
  • the first valve core 21 is provided with a first valve core first flow hole 211 and a first valve core second flow hole 212 penetrating through the inner wall and the outer wall of the first valve core, and the valve core cavity is provided with the first valve core first flow hole 211 Corresponding spool cavity, when the first spool 21 is rotated until the first spool first orifice 211 is in communication with the spool bore, the fluid passage between the fluid inlet 310 and the fluid outlet 320 passes through the first spool The lower end opening and the first flow hole of the first valve core communicate with the spool cavity flow hole to form a main passage.
  • the second valve core 22 is provided with a second valve core flow hole 221 penetrating the inner wall and the outer wall of the second valve core, and the second valve core flow hole 221 corresponds to the first valve core second flow hole 212, and the first valve core is The second flow hole 212 corresponds to an arcuate groove on the spool cavity.
  • the fluid inlet 310 and The fluid passage between the fluid outlets 320 communicates with the spool cavity through the lower end opening of the second spool, the second spool orifice, and the first spool second orifice to form a bypass passage.
  • FIGS. 4A-4D illustrate relative positional changes between the first spool first orifice, the first spool second orifice, and the spool bore in the valve open-close process in certain embodiments.
  • FIG. 4A is a schematic view showing the expansion of the outer surface of the first valve core.
  • the quadrilateral ABCD is the first flow hole of the first valve core
  • the quadrilateral shape EFGH is the second flow hole of the first valve core.
  • the quadrilateral IJKL in Figs. 4B to 4D is a spool cavity.
  • the relative positional change between the spool cavity and the first orifice of the first spool and the second orifice of the first spool continuously occurs.
  • the spool cavity orifice coincides with the first spool first orifice or the first spool second orifice, the fluid passage is conductive, and the overlapping portion is shaded in the drawing.
  • FIG. 4A to FIG. 4D are only schematic diagrams for demonstrating the relative positional relationship of each part in the structure.
  • FIG. 4B shows the relative positional relationship between the flow holes when the valve is in the on state.
  • the first flow hole of the first valve core coincides with the flow hole of the valve core cavity and communicates with each other.
  • the fluid in the valve is conducted through the main passage.
  • the fluid at the two ends of the first valve core will have a large pressure difference before closing, so that the first valve spool rotation in the closing phase has a large resistance, and the first valve stem can be rotated first.
  • the valve stem drives the first spool to rotate, and the relative position between the spool cavity and the first orifice also changes.
  • the step of closing the valve as shown in FIG. 4C, the first spool first orifice and The overlapping portion of the spool cavity is gradually reduced, that is, the area of the quadrilateral MBCL shown in FIG.
  • the relative position of the first spool to the spool cavity changes as shown in FIG. 4D.
  • the first orifice of the first spool is interlaced with the spool bore, and the two have no overlap.
  • the main passage is intercepted by the first spool, but the overlapping portion of the second orifice of the first spool and the orifice of the spool cavity causes the bypass passage to remain conductive, so the pressure difference between the two ends of the spool is limited, the first spool The resistance of the rotation is also small.
  • the first orifice of the first valve core When the pipeline is in the cut-off state, the first orifice of the first valve core is interlaced with the orifice of the spool cavity, and the second spool orifice is interleaved with the second orifice of the first spool, and the fluid passage in the valve is cut off, the valve There is a pressure difference between the fluids at both ends of the core. Since the area of the first valve core in contact with the fluid is large, the pressure received is also large and is not easy to rotate.
  • the area of the second valve core in contact with the fluid is smaller than that of the first valve core, so the pressure is less than the first The spool, at this time, the relative positional relationship between the second orifice of the first spool and the orifice of the spool is as shown in FIG. 4D, both of which are heavy The stack, but because the second spool orifice is interleaved with the second orifice of the first spool, the bypass passage is still truncated.
  • the second valve stem Before the pipeline is passed through the valve, the second valve stem can be rotated first, and the second valve stem is driven to rotate by the second valve stem, and when the second spool is rotated to the second spool flow hole and the first spool second flow
  • the fluid passage between the fluid inlet and the fluid outlet communicates with the second orifice of the first valve core through the lower end opening of the second valve core, that is, through the bypass passage.
  • the second valve core conducts the pipelines at both ends of the first valve core, the resistance of the fluid pressure difference between the two ends of the first valve core to the rotation of the first valve core is reduced, and then the first valve stem is rotated.
  • the first valve stem drives the first valve core to rotate, and during the rotation of the first valve core, the overlapping portion of the second flow hole of the first valve core and the valve core cavity is gradually reduced, but the first valve core is The first-class hole and the spool cavity flow hole begin to overlap, and as the first valve core rotates, the area of the first valve core first flow hole and the spool cavity flow hole overlap portion gradually increases, as shown in FIG. 4C.
  • the angular range of the valve core partially overlaps with the angular range of the valve core when the second flow hole of the first valve core is in communication with the spool cavity flow hole. . That is to say, when the relative position of the first valve core and the valve core cavity is in a certain angular range, the first flow hole of the first valve core and the second flow hole of the first valve core can be electrically conducted through the orifice of the valve core cavity, This is the state shown in Fig. 4C.
  • the structure of the spool cavity 360 can be referred to FIG. 5A, FIG. 5B and FIG. 6.
  • the portion 361 of the first cavity of the first spool is a through hole, and the spool cavity corresponds to the first hole.
  • the portion 362 of the second flow hole of the valve core is a groove (arc groove) provided on the valve cavity wall 370, and the groove structure is located above the through hole corresponding to the first flow hole of the first valve core in the valve cavity flow hole, and The through hole is connected.
  • the above embodiment realizes the opening and closing of the two flow holes in the first valve core through a spool cavity, although in other embodiments, the first flow hole and the first valve of the first valve core cavity may also be used.
  • the second flow hole of the core cavity is respectively provided with a spool cavity. That is to say, in other embodiments, the number of spool cavity orifices may be not only one but also two or more.
  • the tapered valve further includes a first fixing nut 111, a second fixing nut 121, a first valve stem driving member, a second valve stem driving member, The first elastic member and the second elastic member.
  • the first valve stem driving member is coupled to the first valve stem
  • the second valve stem driving member is coupled to the second valve stem; in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1A to 3, the first valve stem driving member and the first
  • the second valve stem driving member is a driving wheel.
  • the driving wheel includes a first driving wheel 113 and a second driving wheel 123.
  • the first driving wheel 113 has a first valve rod 11 as an axle
  • the second driving wheel 123 has a second valve rod 12 as a second valve rod 12. axle.
  • first valve stem drive member and the second valve stem drive member are drive rods; the drive rod extends radially outward from the first valve stem or the second valve stem.
  • the number of the first driving rods may be one, or may be multiple.
  • four first driving rods may be provided, which are arranged in a cross shape, or four first driving rods are provided, which are arranged in a U shape.
  • the arrangement of the second drive rod is similar to that of the first drive rod.
  • first valve stem driving member and the second valve stem driving member extend the force arm when the valve stem rotates, so that the valve stem rotates more labor-savingly.
  • the first elastic member and the second elastic member are compression springs.
  • the first elastic member is the first compression spring 115
  • the second elastic member is the second compression spring 125
  • a valve stem 11 passes through the first compression spring 115 and the second valve stem 12 passes through the second compression spring 125.
  • the first elastic member and the second elastic member may be elastic spacers.
  • elastic spacers for example, rubber gaskets or silicone gaskets.
  • the first valve stem top end is provided with an external thread
  • the first fixing nut is screwed to the first valve stem top end
  • the second valve stem sleeved in the first valve stem passes through the first valve stem top end
  • the first The top of the second valve stem is provided with an external thread
  • the second fixed nut is screwed to the top end of the second valve stem;
  • the two ends of the first compression spring 115 are respectively connected with the valve body and the first valve stem 11. Specifically, one end of the first compression spring 115 abuts against the valve body, is connected with the valve body, and the other end is abutted against the first valve stem. 11 , or on the first drive wheel 113 or the first fixed nut 111, thereby directly or indirectly connected to the first valve stem,
  • the two ends of the second pressure spring 125 are respectively connected to the first valve stem 11 and the second valve stem 12. Specifically, one end of the second compression spring 125 is abutted on the first valve stem or the first fixed nut 111. Directly or indirectly connected to the first valve stem, the other end is abutted against the second valve stem 12, or against the second drive wheel 123 or the second fixed nut 121, thereby directly or indirectly connected to the second valve stem.
  • the two ends of the first elastic member respectively apply force to the valve body and the first valve stem, thereby applying a pulling force outward from the valve body to the first valve stem, and the same can make the first
  • the two ends of the two elastic members respectively apply a force to the second valve stem and the first valve stem, thereby applying a pulling force outward from the first valve stem to the second valve stem, which can achieve the above effects.
  • the first elastic member and the second elastic member exert an outward pulling force on the valve stem, an outward pulling force is also applied to the valve core, so that the outer wall of the valve core is in close contact with the inner wall of the valve core cavity, thereby improving the sealing performance of the valve.
  • the outer walls of the first valve core and the second valve core are tapered, and the diameter of the lower end opening of the valve core is larger than the diameter of the upper end of the valve core, and when there is an external force, the valve core is upward (ie, outward) When pulling, make the valve core and the inner wall of the valve core cavity more closely.
  • the above embodiment can adjust the tightness of the first elastic member or the second elastic member by rotationally adjusting the height of the first fixing nut 111 or the second fixing nut 121, thereby adjusting the sealing performance and the rotational damping of the valve.
  • a cone valve of a through-valve structure or a cone valve of an angle valve structure can be prepared.
  • the fluid passage between the fluid inlet and the spool chamber is the first fluid passage 312, and the fluid passage between the spool chamber and the fluid outlet is the second fluid passage 322, and the first fluid passage 312 is
  • the second fluid passage 322 is connected in a straight line, and the valve stem (including the first valve rod 11 and the second valve stem 12) is disposed at an oblique angle with the straight passage, and the lower end opening 213 of the first valve core and the first fluid Channel 312, the spool cavity orifice is opposite the second fluid passage 322.
  • the angle of inclination shown is not inclined at a vertical angle.
  • the angle of inclination (the angle between the valve stem and the fluid passage) is 30 to 60 degrees, more preferably 40 to 50 degrees. Especially preferred is 45 degrees. That is, the cone valve can be a direct current cone valve, and the fluid flows directly through the valve chamber with a straight flow path in the middle. The fluid passage is in a straight path, and the valve stem is disposed at an oblique angle with the straight passage. In this embodiment, the path through which the fluid flows in the valve is a straight line, and the fluid flow resistance is small.
  • the inventors provide an embodiment of a corner-opening valve wherein the fluid passage between the fluid inlet and the spool chamber is a first fluid passage 312, a fluid passage between the spool chamber and the fluid outlet
  • the first fluid channel 312 and the second fluid channel 322 are connected at a right angle to a non-flat angle.
  • the first fluid channel 312 is connected at right angles to the second fluid channel 322.
  • the valve stem is perpendicular to one of the inlet or outlet axial directions (ie, disposed in parallel with one of the first fluid passage or the second fluid passage), and the lower end opening 213 of the first spool is opposite to the first fluid passage 312.
  • the spool cavity orifice is opposite the second fluid passage 322. That is, the cone valve may be a corner-type cone valve, the fluid inlet is at a right angle to the outlet axis, and the fluid passage of the spool chamber is curved.
  • the valve stem is disposed axially with the fluid inlet passage.
  • the inventors provide an embodiment of a through-valve wherein the fluid passage between the fluid inlet and the spool chamber is the first fluid passage 312, and the fluid passage between the spool chamber and the fluid outlet is The two fluid passages 322, the first fluid passage 312 and the second fluid passage 322 are alternately arranged in an up-and-down manner, and the inlet and the outlet are in the same axial direction.
  • the valve stem is disposed at a right angle to the fluid inlet and outlet axis, the lower end opening 213 of the first spool is opposite the first fluid passage 312, and the spool cavity orifice is opposite to the second fluid passage 322.
  • the cone valve may be a straight-through cone valve, and the fluid inlet is on the same axis as the fluid outlet.
  • the fluid passage within the spool cavity is a curved passageway that is disposed perpendicular to the fluid inlet or fluid outlet axis.
  • the position of the fluid outlet of the valve and the fluid inlet may be reversed, that is, the flow of the liquid in the valve is reversed.
  • the fluid inlet is disposed at one end of the second fluid passage
  • the fluid outlet is disposed at one end of the first fluid passage.
  • Such a structure can also function as a valve to open or close the pipe.
  • the valve body includes a first valve body 31 and a second valve body 32 that are connected, and the first valve body 31 and the second valve body 32 are at the valve core cavity.
  • the first fluid passage 312 is disposed in the first valve body 31, and the second fluid passage 322 is disposed in the second valve body 32.
  • the first valve body is a left valve body
  • the second valve body is a right valve body.
  • the first valve body is a lower valve body, a second valve body and an upper valve body.
  • the use of such a split valve body structure can facilitate assembly and maintenance, and also contribute to improving the sealing performance of the valve.
  • the first valve body and the second valve body are connected by a flange structure, screwed, riveted or welded, etc.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)

Abstract

一种能避免或减少开启或关闭阶段管路中的流体压力对阀门开关造成阻力的串联式锥面阀，锥面阀包括阀杆、阀芯与阀体，阀芯包括第一阀芯（21）与第二阀芯（22）；第一阀芯（21）与第二阀芯（22）同轴设置于阀芯腔中，阀芯的外壁形状为锥面，第一阀芯（21）与第二阀芯（22）层叠设置，第一阀芯（21）上开设有贯通第一阀芯内壁与外壁的第一阀芯第一流孔（211）与第一阀芯第二流孔（212），阀芯腔设有与第一阀芯第一流孔（211）以及第一阀芯第二流孔（212）对应的阀芯腔流孔（360），锥面阀在第一阀芯（21）的基础上层叠设置同轴的第二阀芯（22），同时驱动第二阀芯（22）旋转的第二阀杆（12）套设于第一阀杆（11）中，使阀门结构简单紧凑，通过二级阀芯分别旋转，实现分级开启/关闭阀门，从而降低较大型锥面阀的启闭瞬间阻力。

Description

串联式锥面阀 技术领域
本发明涉及用于导通或截断流体通道以及调节流体流量的阀门技术领域。
背景技术
阀门是在流体系统中，用来控制流体的方向、压力、流量的装置是使配管和设备内的介质(液体、气体、粉末)流动或停止并能控制其流量的装置。阀门是管路流体输送系统中控制部件，它是用来改变通路断面和介质流动方向，具有导流、截止、节流、止回、分流或溢流卸压等功能。用于流体控制的阀门，从最简单的截止阀到极为复杂的自控系统中所用的各种阀门，其品种和规格繁多。
其中，为满足现代石油化工和食品药品工业中使用的阀门性能要求，尤其是内部结构简洁无死角和耐磨损性能的要求，发明人设计了锥面阀，锥面阀以独特的结构满足了所需要求。锥面阀有闸阀性能，但是其闸板是锥面而且可以做到阀体内部没有死角；它具有截止阀性能但是内部简洁把阀芯对阀体的强制密封施压机构移到阀体外部；它具有旋塞阀性能但是内部没有死角，而且相对来说能减轻较多材料重量；它具有球阀性能但是内部没有死角而且相对来说减轻较多材料重量，它具有蝶阀性能而且又能做到强制密封。锥面阀的自修复耐磨损能力更是超过现有阀门。
在如下文献中还可以发现更多与上述技术方案相关的信息，例如公开号为CN202580101U，CN203784343U，CN202327173U等中国专利文件中，均记载了现有技术中锥面阀的相关技术方案。
在实现本发明的过程中，发明人发现现有技术中存在如下问题：锥面阀，在阀门通径较大，或管路压力较高时，阀门的启闭瞬间阻力尤其大，发明人考虑采用开设单独旁路办法保持闸板两侧有近似相同流体压力启闭闸板，待大闸阀完成启闭后再启闭较小的副闸阀，但是这样的阀门及管路结构复杂。
发明内容
为此，需要提供一种能避免或减少开启或关闭阶段管路中的流体压力对阀门开关造成阻力的锥面阀。
为实现上述目的，发明人提供了一种串联式锥面阀，所述锥面阀包括阀杆、阀芯与阀体，所述阀杆包括第一阀杆与第二阀杆，所述阀芯包括第一阀芯与第二阀芯；
所述阀体具有流体进口与流体出口，所述阀体中设有容置第一阀芯与第二阀芯的阀芯腔，以及供第一阀杆与第二阀杆穿过的阀杆孔，所述阀杆孔自阀体表面穿透至阀芯腔；
所述第一阀杆与第二阀杆同轴设置，第二阀杆套设于第一阀杆中，第一阀杆与第二阀杆可相对转动；
所述第一阀芯与第二阀芯同轴设置于阀芯腔中，第一阀芯的外壁与阀芯腔的内壁相适配，第一阀芯与第一阀杆相连接，由第一阀杆带动以第一阀杆为轴旋转，第二阀芯的外壁与第一阀芯的内壁相适配，第二阀芯与第二阀杆相连接，由第二阀杆带动以第二阀杆为轴旋转，且第一阀芯与第二阀芯可相对转动；
第一阀芯与第二阀芯的外壁形状为锥面，第一阀芯的下端开口与第二阀芯的下端开口对应锥面的下端开放口，所述第一阀芯与第二阀芯层叠设置，第二阀芯小于第一阀芯，第一阀芯上开设有贯通第一阀芯内壁与外壁的第一阀芯第一流孔与第一阀芯第二流孔，阀芯腔设有与第一阀芯第一流孔以及第一阀芯第二流孔对应的阀芯腔流孔，第二阀芯上开设有贯通第二阀芯内壁与外壁的第二阀芯流孔，第二阀芯流孔与第一阀芯第二流孔对应；
当第一阀芯旋转至第一阀芯第一流孔与阀芯腔流孔连通时，流体进口与流体出口之间的流体通道通过第一阀芯的下端开口、第一阀芯第一流孔与阀芯腔流孔连通，形成主通道，当第一阀芯旋转至第一阀芯第一流孔与阀芯腔流孔交错时，主通道被第一阀芯所截断；
当第一阀芯旋转至第一阀芯第二流孔与阀芯腔流孔连通，且第二阀芯旋转至第二阀芯流孔与第一阀芯第二流孔连通时，流体进口与流体出口之间的流体通道通过第二阀芯的下端开口、第二阀芯流孔、第一阀芯第二流孔与阀芯腔流孔连通，形成旁路通道，当第二阀芯旋转至第二阀芯流孔与第一阀芯第二流孔交错时，或第一阀芯旋转至第一阀芯第二流孔与阀芯腔流孔交错时旁路通道被第二阀芯或第一阀芯所截断。
可选的，第一阀芯第一流孔与阀芯腔流孔连通时阀芯的角度范围与第一阀芯第二流孔与阀芯腔流孔连通时阀芯的角度范围部分重叠。
可选的，第一阀芯第一流孔所对应的阀芯腔流孔与第一阀芯第二流孔所对应的阀芯腔流孔为同一个阀芯腔流孔。
可选的，所述第一阀芯与第一阀杆为一体化结构，所述第二阀芯与第二阀杆为一体化结构。
可选的，所述锥面阀还包括第一固定螺帽、第二固定螺帽、第一阀杆驱动件、第二阀杆驱动件、第一弹性件与第二弹性件；
所述第一阀杆顶端设置有外螺纹，第一固定螺帽螺接于第一阀杆顶端，套设于第一阀杆中的第二阀杆穿出第一阀杆顶端，所述第二阀杆顶端设置有外螺纹，第二固定螺帽螺接于第二阀杆顶端；
所述第一阀杆驱动件与第一阀杆连接，所述第二阀杆驱动件与第二阀杆连接；
所述第一弹性件的两端分别连接阀体与第一阀杆，并对第一阀杆施加自阀体向外的拉力，所述第二弹性件的两端分别连接第一阀杆与第二阀杆，并对第二阀杆施加自第一阀杆向外的拉力。
可选的，所述第一弹性件与第二弹性件为弹性垫片或压簧；
所述第一阀杆驱动件与第二阀杆驱动件为驱动轮或驱动杆，所述驱动轮以第一阀杆或第二阀杆为轮 轴，所述驱动杆自第一阀杆或第二阀杆径向向外延伸。
可选的，锥面阀可以是直流式锥面阀，流体直接流过阀腔，中间为直线流道。流体通道呈直道，所述阀杆与该直道呈倾斜夹角设置。可选的，锥面阀可以是角通式锥面阀，流体进口与出口轴线呈直角，阀芯腔的流体通道呈弯曲设置。所述阀杆与流体进口通道同轴向设置。
可选的，锥面阀可以是直通式锥面阀，流体进口与流体出口同一轴线。阀芯腔内的流体通道为曲线通道，所述阀杆与流体进口或流体出口轴线呈垂直设置。
可选的，所述阀体包括相连接的第一阀体与第二阀体，所述第一阀体与第二阀体于阀芯腔处相连接，所述第一流体通道设置于第一阀体中，所述第二流体通道设置于第二阀体中。
区别于现有技术，上述技术方案所提供的锥面阀，在管路处于截断状态时，第一阀芯第一流孔与阀芯腔流孔交错，且第二阀芯流孔与第一阀芯第二流孔交错，阀门内的流体通道被截断，阀芯两端的流体存在压力差。由于第一阀芯与流体接触的面积较大，所以受到的压力也较大，不易转动，相对而言，第二阀芯与流体接触的面积小于第一阀芯，所以受到的压力小于第一阀芯，在通过阀门导通管路前，可以先旋转第二阀杆，由第二阀杆带动第二阀芯旋转，当第二阀芯旋转至第二阀芯流孔与第一阀芯第二流孔连通时，流体进口与流体出口之间的流体通道通过第二阀芯的下端开口、第二阀芯流孔与第一阀芯第二流孔连通，即通过旁路通道连通，这时候，由于第二阀芯导通了阀芯两端的管路，降低了第一阀芯两端的流体压力差对第一阀芯旋转造成的阻力，此时再旋转第一阀杆，由第一阀杆带动第一阀芯旋转，当第一阀芯旋转至第一阀芯第一流孔与阀芯腔流孔连通时，流体进口与流体出口之间的流体通道通过第一阀芯的下端开口、第一阀芯第一流孔与阀芯腔流孔连通，即主通道完全导通。其间，旁路通道通过弧形槽保持连通直至主通道导通到大于旁路通道。
当第一阀芯第一流孔与阀芯腔流孔重合而连通，阀门内的流体主通道导通。为了避免关闭主通道时第一阀芯两端的流体会产生较大的压力差，从而对关闭阶段的阀芯旋转产生较大阻力，可以先旋转第二阀杆带动第二阀芯使第二阀芯流孔与第一阀芯的第二流孔连通，其次旋转第一阀杆，由第一阀杆带动第一阀芯旋转，当第一阀芯旋转至第一阀芯第一流孔与阀芯腔流孔错开到主通道大小只有旁路通道全开时，第一阀芯的第二流孔已经通过弧形槽与阀腔流孔连通，这时旁路流体通道导通，旁路通道通过弧形槽保持连通直至第一阀芯第一流孔与阀腔孔完全交错，即主通道被第一阀芯所截断，因旁路通道作用，因此第一阀芯两端的压力差变化被降低很多，第一阀芯旋转的阻力也较小，当第一阀芯第一流孔与阀腔流孔完全交错后，再旋转第二阀杆，由第二阀杆带动第二阀芯旋转，当第二阀芯旋转至第二阀芯流孔与第一阀芯第二流孔交错时，流体进口与流体出口之间的旁路通道被第二阀芯所截断，阀门彻底关闭。
锥面阀在第一阀芯的基础上层叠设置同轴的第二阀芯，同时驱动第二阀芯旋转的第二阀杆套设于第一阀杆中，使阀门结构简单紧凑，通过二级阀芯能分别旋转，实现分级开启/关闭阀门，能解决降低较 大型锥面阀的启闭瞬间阻力较大的问题。
附图说明
图1A为具体实施方式所述锥面直通阀的剖面结构示意图(主通道导通状态)；
图1B为具体实施方式所述锥面直通阀的剖面结构示意图(旁路通道导通状态)；
图2为具体实施方式所述锥面直通阀的剖面结构示意图；
图3为具体实施方式所述锥面角阀的剖面结构示意图；
图4A～图4D为具体实施方式所述阀门开启-关闭过程中，第一阀芯第一流孔、第一阀芯第二流孔与阀芯腔流孔三者之间的位置相对变化；
图5A为图1A所示具体实施方式所述锥面阀主通道导通状态时第一阀芯与阀芯腔在阀芯腔流孔处的纵向剖面示意图；
图5B为图1B所示具体实施方式所述锥面阀旁路通道导通状态时第一阀芯与阀芯腔在阀芯腔流孔处的纵向剖面示意图；
图6为阀芯腔内表面锥面上的阀芯腔流孔展开示意图。
附图标记说明：
11、第一阀杆，
111、第一固定螺帽，
113、第一驱动轮
115、第一压簧
12、第二阀杆，
121、第二固定螺帽，
123、第二驱动轮，
125、第二压簧，
21、第一阀芯，
211、第一阀芯第一流孔，
212、第一阀芯第二流孔
213、第一阀芯的下端开口
22、第二阀芯，
221、第二阀芯流孔，
31、第一阀体，
310、流体进口，
312、第一流体通道，
32、第二阀体，
320、流体出口
322、第二流体通道，
330、阀腔槽(非密封线不接触槽)；
360、阀芯腔流孔；
361、阀芯腔流孔对应第一阀芯第一流孔的部分；
362、阀芯腔流孔对应第一阀芯第二流孔的部分(弧形槽)；
370、阀芯腔壁
具体实施方式
为详细说明技术方案的技术内容、构造特征、所实现目的及效果，以下结合具体实施例并配合附图详予说明。
请参阅图1A至图3，本实施例提供了一种锥面阀，所述锥面阀包括阀杆、阀芯与阀体，所述阀杆包括第一阀杆11与第二阀杆12，所述阀芯包括第一阀芯21与第二阀芯22；
所述阀体具有流体进口与流体出口，所述阀体中设有容置第一阀芯21与第二阀芯22的阀芯腔，以及供第一阀杆11与第二阀杆12穿过的阀杆孔，所述阀杆孔自阀体表面穿透至阀芯腔。
流体进口与流体出口之间流体流经的通道为流体通道，流体进口与阀芯腔之间的流体通道为第一流体通道312，阀芯腔与流体出口之间的流体通道为第二流体通道322，
所述第一阀杆11与第二阀杆12同轴设置，第二阀杆12套设于第一阀杆11中，第一阀杆与第二阀杆可相对转动，二者形成套杆的结构；
所述第一阀芯21与第二阀芯22同轴设置于阀芯腔中，第一阀芯的外壁与阀芯腔的内壁相适配，第一阀芯与第一阀杆相连接，由第一阀杆带动以第一阀杆为轴旋转，第二阀芯的外壁与第一阀芯的内壁相适配，第二阀芯与第二阀杆相连接，由第二阀杆带动以第二阀杆为轴旋转，且第一阀芯与第二阀芯可相对转动，实施例中，第二阀芯小于第一阀芯。相适配在实施例中系指，相适配的阀芯与阀芯，或阀芯与腔体之间的形状可以套设配合在一起，且可以达到液体密封效果，阀芯的外壁与阀芯的内壁相适配，或阀芯的外壁与阀芯腔的内壁相适配可以保证阀门结构的液体密封性能。
为了提升阀芯的旋转性能与密封性能，可以在阀芯腔内壁或阀芯外壁衬以聚四氟乙烯等材料。为了 提升密封性能，并减小部件加工精度的难度，如图1A至图3所示的实施例，在阀芯腔中设置有阀腔槽(非密封线不接触槽)330，阀腔槽330沿阀芯腔内壁周向设置，阀腔槽的下沿位于第一阀芯下沿的位置之上，阀腔槽330的槽底面不与阀芯相接触，这样阀芯腔与第一阀芯直接相接触的面积相对减少了，有利于减少转动的阻力，并且在加工时，可以仅对与第一阀芯接触的阀芯腔内壁进行精度加工匹配，有利于实现更高的加工装配精度。
在优选的实施例中，所述第一阀芯与第一阀杆为一体化结构，所述第二阀芯与第二阀杆为一体化结构。具体的，第一阀芯或第二阀芯可以由一整块的金属车削加工而成，或一体铸造而成。一体化结构的阀杆-阀芯结构，其结构简单，强度可靠，装配方便，同时阀芯-阀杆与阀体之间的密封性能可靠。
在不同的实施例中，阀杆、阀芯、阀体等部件可以是金属材质，也可以是塑料等高分子材料制成。
第一阀芯与第二阀芯的外壁形状为锥面，例如图1A至图3所示实施例中，第一阀芯与第二阀芯的外壁形状为为锥面。实施例中，所述锥面为圆锥体表面或圆锥体表面的一部分，统称为锥面。
本实施例中采用锥面形状的阀芯，其结构简单，便于加工生产与装配。
优选的实施例中，阀芯的锥面角度的范围为33度到43度。阀芯的外壁锥面角度的范围为33度到43度，更优选的为37度到39度。该锥面角度有利于减少阀芯外壁的表面积使得旋转阀芯的力较小，并且有利于节约阀芯的制作材料，降低生产成本。所述锥面角度即阀芯沿中心线的剖面形成的三角形的顶角的角度。
第一阀芯21的下端开口与第二阀芯22的下端开口对应锥面的下端开放口，所述第一阀芯21与第二阀芯22层叠设置，第二阀芯小于第一阀芯，层叠时，第一阀芯在外，第二阀芯在内。第一阀芯21上开设有贯通第一阀芯内壁与外壁的第一阀芯第一流孔211与第一阀芯第二流孔212，阀芯腔设有与第一阀芯第一流孔211对应的阀芯腔流孔，当第一阀芯21旋转至第一阀芯第一流孔211与阀芯腔流孔连通时，流体进口310与流体出口320之间的流体通道通过第一阀芯的下端开口、第一阀芯第一流孔与阀芯腔流孔连通，形成主通道。当第一阀芯21旋转至第一阀芯第一流孔211与阀芯腔流孔交错时，流体进口310与流体出口320之间的流体主通道被第一阀芯所截断，主通道被截断。
第二阀芯22上开设有贯通第二阀芯内壁与外壁的第二阀芯流孔221，第二阀芯流孔221与第一阀芯第二流孔212对应，同时第一阀芯第二流孔212与阀芯腔流孔上的弧形槽对应。当第一阀芯第二流孔与阀芯腔流孔连通，且当第二阀芯22旋转至第二阀芯流孔221与第一阀芯第二流孔212连通时，流体进口310与流体出口320之间的流体通道通过第二阀芯的下端开口、第二阀芯流孔、第一阀芯第二流孔与阀芯腔流孔连通，形成旁路通道。当第二阀芯22旋转至第二阀芯流孔221与第一阀芯第二流孔212交错时，或第一阀芯旋转至第一阀芯第二流孔212与阀芯腔流孔交错时，流体进口310与流体出口320之间的流体通道被第二阀芯所截断，旁路通道被截断。
图4A至图4D示意了某些实施例中阀门开启-关闭过程中，第一阀芯第一流孔、第一阀芯第二流孔与阀芯腔流孔三者之间的位置相对变化。
图4A为第一阀芯外表面的锥面展开示意图，图中四边形ABCD为第一阀芯第一流孔，四边形EFGH为第一阀芯第二流孔。
图4B～图4D中四边形IJKL为阀芯腔流孔。在第一阀芯转动的过程中，阀芯腔流孔与第一阀芯第一流孔、第一阀芯第二流孔二者之间不断发生相对位置的变化。当阀芯腔流孔与第一阀芯第一流孔或第一阀芯第二流孔重合时，流体通道导通，重合部分在图中用阴影表示。需要说明的是，图4A～图4D仅为示意图，用于演示结构中各部位的相对位置关系。
图4B中显示了阀门在导通状态时，各流孔之间的相对位置关系，此时管路处于完全导通状态时，第一阀芯第一流孔与阀芯腔流孔重合而连通，阀门内的流体通过主通道导通。此时，第一阀芯第二流孔与阀芯腔流孔不存在重合部分，因此旁路通道关闭。
为了避免关闭阀门时，在关闭前第一阀芯两端的流体会产生较大的压力差，从而对关闭阶段的第一阀芯旋转产生较大阻力，可以先旋转第一阀杆，由第一阀杆带动第一阀芯旋转，阀芯腔流孔与第一流孔之间的相对位置也随之改变，在阀门逐步关闭的过程中，如图4C所示，第一阀芯第一流孔与阀芯腔流孔重叠的部分逐步减小，即图4C所示四边形MBCL的面积逐步减小，在减小的过程中，第一阀芯第二流孔与阀芯腔流孔开始重叠，且二者重叠的面积逐步增大，即图4C所示四边形HJNG的面积逐步增大，此时保持第二阀芯与第一阀芯的相对位置保持在使第二阀芯流孔与第一阀芯第二流孔连通的状态，这时候，阀门中的液体既可以通过主通道流动，也可以通过旁路通道流动。
随着第一阀芯逐步转动，第一阀芯与阀芯腔的相对位置变化为图4D所示，此时，第一阀芯第一流孔与阀芯腔流孔交错，二者没有重叠部分，主通道被第一阀芯所截断，但第一阀芯第二流孔与阀芯腔流孔的重叠部分使得旁路通道仍然导通，因此阀芯两端的压力差有限，第一阀芯旋转的阻力也较小，当第一阀芯第一流孔与阀芯腔流孔完全交错后，再旋转第二阀杆，由第二阀杆带动第二阀芯旋转，当第二阀芯旋转至第二阀芯流孔与第一阀芯第二流孔交错时，流体进口与流体出口之间的旁路流体通道被第二阀芯所截断，阀门彻底关闭。
在开启阀门时，其过程与上述过程正好相反，阀芯腔与第一阀芯相对位置的变化过程顺序为图4B，图4C至图4A。
在管路处于截断状态时，第一阀芯第一流孔与阀芯腔流孔交错，且第二阀芯流孔与第一阀芯第二流孔交错，阀门内的流体通道被截断，阀芯两端的流体存在压力差。由于第一阀芯与流体接触的面积较大，所以受到的压力也较大，不易转动，相对而言，第二阀芯与流体接触的面积小于第一阀芯，所以受到的压力小于第一阀芯，此时，第一阀芯第二流孔与阀芯腔流孔之间的相对位置关系如图4D所示，二者重 叠，但由于第二阀芯流孔与第一阀芯第二流孔交错，因此旁路通道仍然是被截断的。在通过阀门导通管路前，可以先旋转第二阀杆，由第二阀杆带动第二阀芯旋转，当第二阀芯旋转至第二阀芯流孔与第一阀芯第二流孔连通时，流体进口与流体出口之间的流体通道通过第二阀芯的下端开口、第二阀芯流孔与第一阀芯第二流孔连通，即通过旁路通道连通。
这时候，由于第二阀芯导通了第一阀芯两端的管路，降低了第一阀芯两端的流体压力差对第一阀芯旋转造成的阻力，此时再旋转第一阀杆，由第一阀杆带动第一阀芯旋转，第一阀芯在旋转的过程中，第一阀芯第二流孔与阀芯腔流孔的重叠部分面积逐步减小，但第一阀芯第一流孔与阀芯腔流孔开始重叠，并且随着第一阀芯的转动，第一阀芯第一流孔与阀芯腔流孔重叠部分的面积逐步增大，如图4C所示。
最终，当第一阀芯旋转至第一阀芯第一流孔与阀芯腔流孔连通时，流体进口与流体出口之间的流体通道通过第一阀芯的下端开口、第一阀芯第一流孔与阀芯腔流孔连通，即通过主通道导通。此时，第一阀芯第二流孔与阀芯腔流孔不再重叠，各部位的相对位置关系如图4B所示。
在上述实施例中，第一阀芯第一流孔与阀芯腔流孔连通时阀芯的角度范围与第一阀芯第二流孔与阀芯腔流孔连通时阀芯的角度范围部分重叠。也就是说在第一阀芯与阀芯腔的相对位置在某些角度范围时，第一阀芯第一流孔与第一阀芯第二流孔都能通过阀芯腔流孔导通，也就是图4C所示状态。
具体的，阀芯腔流孔360的结构可以参见图5A、图5B与图6，阀芯腔流孔对应第一阀芯第一流孔的部分361为通孔，阀芯腔流孔对应第一阀芯第二流孔的部分362为阀芯腔壁370上设置的凹槽(弧形槽)，该凹槽结构位于阀芯腔流孔对应第一阀芯第一流孔的通孔上方，与该通孔联通。当锥面阀主通道导通状态时，如图5A所示，液体流动方向如图中箭头A所示方向流动，当锥面阀旁路通道导通状态时，如图5B所示，液体流动方向如图中箭头B所示方向流动。
上述实施例通过一个阀芯腔流孔实现了控制第一阀芯中两个流孔的开启与关闭，当然在另外一些实施例中，也可以针对第一阀芯腔第一流孔与第一阀芯腔第二流孔分别设置阀芯腔流孔。也就是说在其他实施例中，阀芯腔流孔的数量不仅可以是一个，也可以是2个甚至更多。
为了提供锥面阀适用的一密封结构以及一转动结构，所述锥面阀还包括第一固定螺帽111、第二固定螺帽121、第一阀杆驱动件、第二阀杆驱动件、第一弹性件与第二弹性件。
所述第一阀杆驱动件与第一阀杆连接，所述第二阀杆驱动件与第二阀杆连接；在图1A至图3所示实施例中，第一阀杆驱动件与第二阀杆驱动件为驱动轮，驱动轮包括第一驱动轮113余第二驱动轮123，第一驱动轮113以第一阀杆11为轮轴，第二驱动轮123以第二阀杆12为轮轴。
在另外一些实施例中，第一阀杆驱动件与第二阀杆驱动件为驱动杆；所述驱动杆自第一阀杆或第二阀杆径向向外延伸。第一驱动杆的数量可以是一根，也可以是多根，例如可以设置4根第一驱动杆，呈十字形设置，或者设置4根第一驱动杆，呈丫字形设置。第二驱动杆的设置与第一驱动杆类似。
实施例中，通过第一阀杆驱动件、第二阀杆驱动件延长了阀杆旋转时的力臂，使阀杆旋转时更加省力。
图1A至图3所示实施例中，第一弹性件与第二弹性件为压簧，具体的，第一弹性件为第一压簧115，第二弹性件为第二压簧125；第一阀杆11穿过第一压簧115，第二阀杆12穿过第二压簧125。
在另外的实施例中，第一弹性件与第二弹性件可以为弹性垫片。例如橡胶垫片或硅胶垫片等。
所述第一阀杆顶端设置有外螺纹，第一固定螺帽螺接于第一阀杆顶端，套设于第一阀杆中的第二阀杆穿出第一阀杆顶端，所述第二阀杆顶端设置有外螺纹，第二固定螺帽螺接于第二阀杆顶端；
所述第一压簧115的两端分别连接阀体与第一阀杆11，具体的，第一压簧115的一端抵于阀体上，与阀体连接，另一端抵于第一阀杆11上，或抵于第一驱动轮113或第一固定螺帽111上，从而直接或间接与第一阀杆连接，
所述第二压簧125的两端分别连接第一阀杆11与第二阀杆12，具体的，第二压簧125的一端抵于第一阀杆上或第一固定螺帽111上，与第一阀杆直接或间接连接，另一端抵于第二阀杆12上，或抵于第二驱动轮123或第二固定螺帽121上，从而直接或间接与第二阀杆连接。
不论弹性件采用何种连接方式，可以使得第一弹性件两端分别对阀体与第一阀杆施力，从而对第一阀杆施加自阀体向外的拉力，同样的，可以使得第二弹性件两端分别对第二阀杆与第一阀杆施力，从而对第二阀杆施加自第一阀杆向外的拉力，能实现上述效果即可。
由于第一弹性件与第二弹性件对阀杆施加向外的拉力，从而也对阀芯施加向外的拉力，使得阀芯外壁与阀芯腔内壁贴紧，提高阀门的密封性能。图1A至图3所示实施例中，第一阀芯与第二阀芯的外壁为锥面，阀芯的下端开口处直径大于阀芯上端直径，当有外力将阀芯向上(即向外)拉时，使阀芯与阀芯腔内壁更加紧贴。
上述实施例可以通过旋转调整第一固定螺帽111或第二固定螺帽121的高度来调整第一弹性件或第二弹性件的松紧，从而调整阀门的密封性能与旋转阻尼。
基于发明人提供的思路，根据不同的需要，可以制备直通阀结构的锥面阀或角阀结构的锥面阀。
例如图1A所示实施例，流体进口与阀芯腔之间的流体通道为第一流体通道312，阀芯腔与流体出口之间的流体通道为第二流体通道322，第一流体通道312与第二流体通道322呈直道连接，所述阀杆(包括第一阀杆11与第二阀杆12)与该直道呈倾斜夹角设置，所述第一阀芯的下端开口213与第一流体通道312，所述阀芯腔流孔与第二流体通道322相对。所示倾斜夹角即不呈垂直的角度倾斜设置，在优选实施例中，倾斜的角度(阀杆与流体通道之间的夹角)为30～60度，更优选的为40～50度，尤其优选的为45度。即锥面阀可以是直流式锥面阀，流体直接流过阀腔，中间为直线流道。流体通道呈直道，所述阀杆与该直道呈倾斜夹角设置。在该实施例中，流体在阀门内流经的路线为直线，流体流动阻力小。
如图2所示的实施例，发明人提供了角通阀的实施例，其中流体进口与阀芯腔之间的流体通道为第一流体通道312，阀芯腔与流体出口之间的流体通道为第二流体通道322，第一流体通道312与第二流体通道322呈直角非平角的夹角连接，进一步地，第一流体通道312与第二流体通道322呈直角连接。所述阀杆与进口或出口轴向之一垂直(即与第一流体通道或第二流体通道之一平行设置)，所述第一阀芯的下端开口213与第一流体通道312相对，所述阀芯腔流孔与第二流体通道322相对。即锥面阀可以是角通式锥面阀，流体进口与出口轴线呈直角，阀芯腔的流体通道呈弯曲设置。所述阀杆与流体进口通道同轴向设置。
如图3所示实施例，发明人提供了直通阀的实施例，其中流体进口与阀芯腔之间的流体通道为第一流体通道312，阀芯腔与流体出口之间的流体通道为第二流体通道322，第一流体通道312与第二流体通道322为上下交错设置，进口与出口同轴向。所述阀杆与流体进口与出口轴线呈直角设置，所述第一阀芯的下端开口213与第一流体通道312相对，所述阀芯腔流孔与第二流体通道322相对。即锥面阀可以是直通式锥面阀，流体进口与流体出口同一轴线。阀芯腔内的流体通道为曲线通道，所述阀杆与流体进口或流体出口轴线呈垂直设置。
上述实施例中，阀门的流体出口与流体入口的位置可以对调，即将阀门中液体的流向反过来设置，例如流体进口设置于第二流体通道的一端，流体出口设置于第一流体通道的一端，这样的结构同样可以起到阀门开启或关闭管道的作用。
如图1A至图3所示的实施例，所述阀体包括相连接的第一阀体31与第二阀体32，所述第一阀体31与第二阀体32于阀芯腔处相连接，所述第一流体通道312设置于第一阀体31中，所述第二流体通道322设置于第二阀体32中。图1A中，第一阀体为左阀体，第二阀体为右阀体，图3中，第一阀体为下阀体，第二阀体与上阀体。采用这样的分体式阀体结构，可以便于装配维修，也有助于提高阀门的密封性能。第一阀体与第二阀体之间通过法兰结构连接，螺纹连接，铆接或焊接等方式连接在一起，
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者终端设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者终端设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括……”或“包含……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者终端设备中还存在另外的要素。此外，在本文中，“大于”、“小于”、“超过”等理解为不包括本数；“以上”、“以下”、“以内”等理解为包括本数。
尽管已经对上述各实施例进行了描述，但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念，则可对 这些实施例做出另外的变更和修改，所以以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利保护范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

  1. 串联式锥面阀，其特征在于，所述锥面阀包括阀杆、阀芯与阀体，所述阀杆包括第一阀杆与第二阀杆，所述阀芯包括第一阀芯与第二阀芯；
    所述阀体具有流体进口与流体出口，所述阀体中设有容置第一阀芯与第二阀芯的阀芯腔，以及供第一阀杆与第二阀杆穿过的阀杆孔，所述阀杆孔自阀体表面穿透至阀芯腔；
    所述第一阀杆与第二阀杆同轴设置，第二阀杆套设于第一阀杆中，第一阀杆与第二阀杆可相对转动；
    所述第一阀芯与第二阀芯同轴设置于阀芯腔中，第一阀芯的外壁与阀芯腔的内壁相适配，第一阀芯与第一阀杆相连接，由第一阀杆带动以第一阀杆为轴旋转，第二阀芯的外壁与第一阀芯的内壁相适配，第二阀芯与第二阀杆相连接，由第二阀杆带动以第二阀杆为轴旋转，且第一阀芯与第二阀芯可相对转动；
    第一阀芯与第二阀芯的外壁形状为锥面，第一阀芯的下端开口与第二阀芯的下端开口对应锥面的下端开放口，所述第一阀芯与第二阀芯层叠设置，第二阀芯小于第一阀芯，第一阀芯上开设有贯通第一阀芯内壁与外壁的第一阀芯第一流孔与第一阀芯第二流孔，阀芯腔设有与第一阀芯第一流孔以及第一阀芯第二流孔对应的阀芯腔流孔，第二阀芯上开设有贯通第二阀芯内壁与外壁的第二阀芯流孔，第二阀芯流孔与第一阀芯第二流孔对应；
    当第一阀芯旋转至第一阀芯第一流孔与阀芯腔流孔连通时，流体进口与流体出口之间的流体通道通过第一阀芯的下端开口、第一阀芯第一流孔与阀芯腔流孔连通，形成主通道，当第一阀芯旋转至第一阀芯第一流孔与阀芯腔流孔交错时，主通道被第一阀芯所截断；
    当第一阀芯旋转至第一阀芯第二流孔与阀芯腔流孔连通，且第二阀芯旋转至第二阀芯流孔与第一阀芯第二流孔连通时，流体进口与流体出口之间的流体通道通过第二阀芯的下端开口、第二阀芯流孔、第一阀芯第二流孔与阀芯腔流孔连通，形成旁路通道，当第二阀芯旋转至第二阀芯流孔与第一阀芯第二流孔交错时，或第一阀芯旋转至第一阀芯第二流孔与阀芯腔流孔交错时旁路通道被第二阀芯或第一阀芯所截断。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的锥面阀，其特征在于，第一阀芯第一流孔与阀芯腔流孔连通时阀芯的角度范围与第一阀芯第二流孔与阀芯腔流孔连通时阀芯的角度范围部分重叠。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的锥面阀，其特征在于，第一阀芯第一流孔所对应的阀芯腔流孔与第一阀芯第二流孔所对应的阀芯腔流孔为同一个阀芯腔流孔。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的锥面阀，其特征在于，所述第一阀芯与第一阀杆为一体化结构，所述第二阀芯与第二阀杆为一体化结构。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的锥面阀，其特征在于，所述锥面阀还包括第一固定螺帽、第二固定螺帽、第一阀杆驱动件、第二阀杆驱动件、第一弹性件与第二弹性件；
    所述第一阀杆顶端设置有外螺纹，第一固定螺帽螺接于第一阀杆顶端，套设于第一阀杆中的第二阀 杆穿出第一阀杆顶端，所述第二阀杆顶端设置有外螺纹，第二固定螺帽螺接于第二阀杆顶端；
    所述第一阀杆驱动件与第一阀杆连接，所述第二阀杆驱动件与第二阀杆连接；
    所述第一弹性件的两端分别连接阀体与第一阀杆，并对第一阀杆施加自阀体向外的拉力，所述第二弹性件的两端分别连接第一阀杆与第二阀杆，并对第二阀杆施加自第一阀杆向外的拉力。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的锥面阀，其特征在于，所述第一弹性件与第二弹性件为弹性垫片或压簧；
    所述第一阀杆驱动件与第二阀杆驱动件为驱动轮或驱动杆，所述驱动轮以第一阀杆或第二阀杆为轮轴，所述驱动杆自第一阀杆或第二阀杆径向向外延伸。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6任意一项所述的锥面阀，其特征在于，各阀芯的锥面角度的范围为33度到43度。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的锥面阀，其特征在于，各阀芯的锥面角度的范围为37度到39度。
PCT/CN2016/102029 2015-10-26 2016-10-13 串联式锥面阀 WO2017071482A1 (zh)

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