WO2017069520A1 - 증발가스 재액화 장치 및 방법 - Google Patents
증발가스 재액화 장치 및 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017069520A1 WO2017069520A1 PCT/KR2016/011776 KR2016011776W WO2017069520A1 WO 2017069520 A1 WO2017069520 A1 WO 2017069520A1 KR 2016011776 W KR2016011776 W KR 2016011776W WO 2017069520 A1 WO2017069520 A1 WO 2017069520A1
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- Prior art keywords
- gas
- boil
- compressor
- storage tank
- compressors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
- F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
- F25J1/0025—Boil-off gases "BOG" from storages
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
- B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
- B63B25/14—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed pressurised
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
- B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
- B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
- B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
- F17C5/02—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with liquefied gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C6/00—Methods and apparatus for filling vessels not under pressure with liquefied or solidified gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
- F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
- F25J1/004—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by flash gas recovery
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
- F25J1/008—Hydrocarbons
- F25J1/0092—Mixtures of hydrocarbons comprising possibly also minor amounts of nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0201—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration
- F25J1/0202—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using only internal refrigeration means, i.e. without external refrigeration in a quasi-closed internal refrigeration loop
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
- F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
- F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
- F25J1/0248—Stopping of the process, e.g. defrosting or deriming, maintenance; Back-up mode or systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J1/0275—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the liquefaction unit, e.g. portable or transportable devices
- F25J1/0277—Offshore use, e.g. during shipping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
- F25J1/0294—Multiple compressor casings/strings in parallel, e.g. split arrangement
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
- F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
- F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
- F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
- F25J1/0296—Removal of the heat of compression, e.g. within an inter- or afterstage-cooler against an ambient heat sink
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/035—Propane butane, e.g. LPG, GPL
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
- F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
- F17C2265/033—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling
- F17C2265/034—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling with condensing the gas phase
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
- F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
- F17C2265/037—Treating the boil-off by recovery with pressurising
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
- F17C2270/0105—Ships
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
- F17C2270/011—Barges
- F17C2270/0113—Barges floating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
- F25J2210/02—Multiple feed streams, e.g. originating from different sources
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
- F25J2230/24—Multiple compressors or compressor stages in parallel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
- F25J2230/30—Compression of the feed stream
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
- F25J2230/60—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams the fluid being hydrocarbons or a mixture of hydrocarbons
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a boil-off gas reliquefaction apparatus and method, and more particularly to a boil-off gas reliquefaction apparatus and method that can simplify the control for boil-off gas reliquefaction.
- a storage tank for storing liquefied gas is installed in a marine floating material handling liquefied gas such as liquefied natural gas (LNG) and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).
- liquefied natural gas LNG
- LPG liquefied petroleum gas
- Insulation material is installed in the storage tank to block the heat exchange between the inside and the outside of the storage tank, but since the internal and external perfect insulation is impossible, thermal energy is transferred from the outside to the storage tank, so that the liquefied gas evaporates inside the storage tank.
- Boil-off gas (BOG) is generated.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of a reliquefaction apparatus for reliquefying boil-off gas.
- the reliquefaction apparatus shown in FIG. 1 includes a plurality of compressors 1 for compressing the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank; And a supply line 3 providing a path through which the boil-off gas is supplied from the plurality of compressors 1 to the reliquefaction unit 2 and a path through which the reliquefaction device flows.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for re-liquefying boil-off gas that can smoothly re-liquefy the boil-off gas without controlling to supply the same amount of boil-off gas to each of the plurality of compressors.
- a plurality of compressors installed in parallel to compress the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank;
- a reliquefaction unit for reliquefying the boil-off gas compressed by the plurality of compressors, respectively;
- a plurality of supply lines providing a path through which the boil-off gas is supplied from the plurality of compressors to the reliquefaction unit and a path through which the reliquefaction unit flows, wherein the plurality of supply lines are independently not joined to each other.
- an evaporative gas reliquefaction apparatus is provided.
- the plurality of compressors may include a first compressor and a second compressor.
- the second compressor may be a redundancy compressor for the first compressor.
- the reliquefaction unit may include a heat exchanger for cooling the evaporated gas respectively compressed by the plurality of compressors by heat-exchanging the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank with a refrigerant.
- the reliquefaction unit may further include a plurality of expansion means for expanding each of the evaporated gas passed through the heat exchanger after decompression by the plurality of compressors, respectively.
- the reliquefaction unit may further include a gas-liquid separator for separating the gas-liquid mixture generated through the plurality of compressors, the heat exchanger, and the plurality of expansion means into a gas and a liquid.
- the gas component separated by the gas-liquid separator may be combined with the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank and used as a refrigerant in the heat exchanger.
- the plurality of compressors may include a first compressor and a second compressor.
- the second compressor may be a redundancy compressor for the first compressor.
- the step 2) may include cooling the evaporated gas respectively compressed by the plurality of compressors by exchanging the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank with a refrigerant.
- the step 2) may further include expanding each of the evaporated gases passed through the step 2-1) under reduced pressure.
- Step 2) may further include a step of 2-3) separating the gas-liquid mixture generated through the step 2-2) into a gas and a liquid.
- the gas component separated in step 2-3) may be combined with the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank and used as a refrigerant for heat exchange in step 2-1).
- the fluid expanded in step 4) and the fluid expanded in step 5) can be separated into liquefied gas and gaseous evaporated gas, and the liquefied gas separated in step 6) can be sent to the storage tank.
- the gaseous evaporated gas separated in step 6) may be combined with the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank and used as a refrigerant for heat exchange in step 3).
- the compressor installed for redundancy is utilized for the reliquefaction of the boil-off gas, it is possible to reduce the capacity of the compressor to reduce costs and to reduce the installation space of the compressor.
- the evaporated gas can be smoothly liquefied.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a reliquefaction apparatus for reliquefying boil-off gas.
- Figure 2 is a block diagram of the boil-off gas reliquefaction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the present invention can be applied to the sea floating material is installed liquefied gas storage tank for storing the liquefied gas, the liquefied gas (Liquefied Gas) used in the present specification (Liquefied Natural Gas) and liquefied petroleum gas (Liquefied Petroleum Should be interpreted to include Gas.
- the liquefied gas used in the present specification
- liquefied petroleum gas Liiquefied Petroleum Should be interpreted to include Gas.
- Figure 2 is a block diagram of the boil-off gas reliquefaction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the boil-off gas reliquefaction apparatus of this embodiment includes a first compressor 12, a second compressor 14, a reliquefaction unit 100, a first supply line 22, and a second supply line. (24).
- the first compressor 12 and the second compressor 14 of this embodiment respectively compress the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank storing the liquefied gas, and are installed in parallel.
- two compressors will be described.
- three or more compressors may be installed in parallel as necessary to compress the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank.
- the second compressor 14 of the present embodiment may be a redundancy compressor for the first compressor 12.
- a redundancy design installing an additional configuration that can perform the same role is called a redundancy design, and it is installed for redundancy even when some devices do not operate normally.
- One device can be operated instead to allow smooth operation.
- the second compressor 14 installed for redundancy of the first compressor 12 replaces the role of the first compressor 12. It is possible to compress the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank.
- the second compressor 14 may be operated together with the first compressor 12 when the first compressor 12 operates normally. For example, when the amount of boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank exceeds the amount of boil-off gas that the first compressor 12 can compress, both the first compressor 12 and the second compressor 14 Can be operated to compress the boil-off gas.
- the compressor When the second compressor 14 installed for redundancy is operated together with the first compressor 12, the compressor can compress all the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank without increasing the capacity of the first compressor 12.
- the cost can be reduced by reducing the capacity of the compressor, and the installation space of the compressor can be reduced.
- the reliquefaction unit 100 of the present embodiment reliquefies the boil-off gas compressed by the first compressor 12 and the second compressor 14, respectively, and may include a heat exchanger 102.
- the heat exchanger 102 of the present embodiment recovers the cold heat of the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank 5, and the boil-off gas compressed by the first compressor 12 and the boil-off gas compressed by the second compressor 14. Cool the gas.
- the heat exchanger 102 of the present embodiment uses the boil-off gas compressed by the first compressor 12 and the boil-off gas compressed by the second compressor 14 to discharge the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank 5. Cool by heat exchange with refrigerant.
- the reliquefaction unit 100 of the present embodiment includes: first expansion means (104) for compressing and compressing the evaporated gas passed through the heat exchanger (102) after being compressed by the first compressor (12); And second expansion means 106 for expanding the reduced pressure of the boil-off gas passed through the heat exchanger 102 after being compressed by the second compressor 12.
- the first expansion means 104 and the second expansion means 105 may be expansion valves, for example Joule-Thomson valves. In the present embodiment, a case in which two expansion means are installed will be described, but three or more expansion means may be installed as necessary so as to correspond to the number of compressors.
- the reliquefaction unit 100 of the present embodiment includes a gas-liquid mixture generated through the first compressor 12, the heat exchanger 102, and the first expansion means 104, the second compressor 14, and the heat exchanger ( 102, and a gas-liquid separator 108 for separating the gas-liquid mixture generated through the second expansion means 106 into a gas and a liquid.
- the liquid component separated by the gas-liquid separator 108 of this embodiment may be sent to the storage tank 5 again, and the gas component separated by the gas-liquid separator 108 merges with the boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank 5.
- the first supply line 22 of the present embodiment supplies the boil-off gas compressed by the first compressor 12 to the reliquefaction unit 100, and the boil-off gas compressed by the first compressor 12 is the reliquefaction unit.
- a flow path within the 100, and the second supply line 24 supplies the boil-off gas compressed by the second compressor 14 to the reliquefaction unit 100, and supplies the second compressor 14 to the second liquefied unit 14. Thereby providing a path through which the compressed boil-off gas flows in the reliquefaction unit 100.
- the first supply line 22 and the second supply line 24 of the present embodiment are installed independently without joining each other. That is, the boil-off gas flowing along the first supply line 22 after being compressed by the first compressor 12 and the boil-off gas flowing along the second supply line 24 after being compressed by the second compressor 14. Are not mixed with each other, and are subjected to separate reliquefaction processes separated from each other.
- the reliquefaction unit 100 of the present embodiment includes a heat exchanger 102, a first expansion means 106, a second expansion means 104, and a gas-liquid separator 108
- the first supply line 22 The boil-off gas re-liquefied along with the gas-liquid separator 108 undergoes a compression process by the first compressor 12, a cooling process by the heat exchanger 102, and an expansion process by the first expansion means 104.
- the evaporated gas supplied and reliquefied along the second supply line 24 is compressed by the second compressor 14, cooled by the heat exchanger 102, and by the second expansion means 106. It is supplied to the gas-liquid separator 108 through an expansion process.
- the heat exchanger 102 of the present embodiment is a boil-off gas compressed by the first compressor 12. Flow passage through which the evaporated gas compressed by the second compressor 14 passes, and flow passage through which the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank 5 passes.
- the boil-off gas reliquefaction apparatus of this embodiment includes three or more compressors, correspondingly, three or more supply lines are correspondingly provided, and each supply line is installed independently without joining each other.
- the boil-off gas supplied from the storage tank is supplied with the plurality of compressors 1. It is necessary to control to be equally distributed to), but since the amount of boil-off gas discharged from the storage tank changes in real time according to the internal state of the storage tank, it is difficult to control so that the boil-off gas is equally distributed to the plurality of compressors (1). There is a problem of complexity.
- the liquefaction is carried out through a plurality of supply lines 22 and 24 installed independently of each other, without condensing the boil-off gas compressed by the plurality of compressors 12 and 14, respectively. Since it is supplied to the unit 100, the temperature, flow rate, pressure, etc. of the boil-off gas may be controlled in each of the plurality of supply lines 22 and 24 without controlling the temperature, flow rate, pressure, etc. of the combined boil-off gas. Therefore, according to the present invention, even if the evaporated gas discharged from the storage tank is not controlled to be equally distributed to the plurality of compressors 12 and 14, the evaporated gas can be smoothly liquefied.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (17)
- 병렬로 설치되어 저장탱크로부터 배출되는 증발가스를 압축시키는 다수개의 압축기;상기 다수개의 압축기에 의해 각각 압축된 증발가스를 재액화시키는 재액화유닛; 및증발가스가 상기 다수개의 압축기로부터 상기 재액화유닛에 공급되는 경로 및 상기 재액화유닛을 유동하는 경로를 제공하는 다수개의 공급라인;을 포함하고,상기 다수개의 공급라인은 서로 합류되지 않도록 독립적으로 설치되는, 증발가스 재액화 장치.
- 청구항 1에 있어서,상기 다수개의 압축기는 제1 압축기 및 제2 압축기를 포함하는, 증발가스 재액화 장치.
- 청구항 2에 있어서,상기 제2 압축기는 상기 제1 압축기에 대한 리던던시(Redundancy) 압축기인, 증발가스 재액화 장치.
- 청구항 1 내지 청구항 3 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,상기 재액화유닛은,상기 다수개의 압축기에 의해 각각 압축된 증발가스를, 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스를 냉매로 열교환시켜 냉각시키는 열교환기를 포함하는, 증발가스 재액화 장치.
- 청구항 4에 있어서,상기 재액화유닛은,상기 다수개의 압축기에 의해 각각 압축된 후 상기 열교환기를 통과한 증발가스를 각각 감압하여 팽창시키는 다수개의 팽창수단을 더 포함하는, 증발가스 재액화 장치.
- 청구항 5에 있어서,상기 재액화유닛은, 상기 다수개의 압축기, 상기 열교환기, 및 상기 다수개의 팽창수단을 거쳐 생성된 기액 혼합물을 기체와 액체로 분리시키는 기액분리기를 더 포함하는, 증발가스 재액화 장치.
- 청구항 6에 있어서,상기 기액분리기에 의해 분리된 기체 성분은, 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스와 합류되어 상기 열교환기에서 냉매로 사용되는, 증발가스 재액화 장치.
- 1) 저장탱크로부터 배출되는 증발가스를 병렬로 설치된 다수개의 압축기에 의해 각각 압축시키는 단계; 및2) 재액화유닛에 의해 상기 1)단계에서 압축된 증발가스를 재액화시키는 단계;를 포함하며,상기 다수개의 압축기에 의해 각각 압축된 증발가스가 상기 재액화유닛에 공급되는 경로 및 상기 재액화유닛을 유동하는 경로를 제공하는 다수개의 공급라인은 서로 합류되지 않도록 독립적으로 설치되는, 증발가스 재액화 방법.
- 청구항 8에 있어서,상기 다수개의 압축기는 제1 압축기 및 제2 압축기를 포함하는, 증발가스 재액화 방법.
- 청구항 9에 있어서,상기 제2 압축기는 상기 제1 압축기에 대한 리던던시(Redundancy) 압축기인, 증발가스 재액화 방법.
- 청구항 8 내지 청구항 10 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,상기 2)단계는,2-1) 상기 다수개의 압축기에 의해 각각 압축된 증발가스를, 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스를 냉매로, 열교환시켜 냉각시키는 단계를 포함하는, 증발가스 재액화 방법.
- 청구항 11에 있어서,상기 2)단계는,2-2) 상기 2-1)단계를 거친 증발가스를 각각 감압시켜 팽창시키는 단계를 더 포함하는, 증발가스 재액화 방법.
- 청구항 12에 있어서,상기 2)단계는,2-3) 상기 2-2)단계를 거쳐 생성된 기액 혼합물을 기체와 액체로 분리하는 단계를 더 포함하는, 증발가스 재액화 방법.
- 청구항 13에 있어서,상기 2-3)단계에서 분리된 기체 성분은, 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스와 합류되어, 상기 2-1)단계에서 열교환의 냉매로 사용되는, 증발가스 재액화 방법.
- 1) 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스의 일부를 제1 압축기에 의해 압축시키고,2) 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스의 다른 일부를 제2 압축기에 의해 압축시키고,3) 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스를 냉매로 사용하여, 상기 1)단계에서 압축된 증발가스와 상기 2)단계에서 압축된 증발가스를 열교환기에 의해 둘 다 열교환시켜 냉각시키고,4) 상기 1)단계에서 압축된 후 상기 3)단계에서 냉각된 증발가스를 제1 팽창수단에 의해 팽창시키고,5) 상기 2)단계에서 압축된 후 상기 3)단계에서 냉각된 증발가스를 제2 팽창수단에 의해 팽창시키고,상기 제1 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스와 상기 제2 압축기에 의해 압축된 증발가스는, 상기 1)단계 내지 5)단계를 거치는 동안 합류되지 않는 것을 특징으로 하는, 증발가스 재액화 방법.
- 청구항 15에 있어서,6) 상기 4)단계에서 팽창된 유체와 상기 5)단계에서 팽창된 유체를 액화가스와 기체상태의 증발가스로 분리시키고,상기 6)단계에서 분리된 액화가스는 상기 저장탱크로 보내지는, 증발가스 재액화 방법.
- 청구항 16에 있어서,상기 6)단계에서 분리된 기체상태의 증발가스는, 상기 저장탱크로부터 배출된 증발가스와 합류되어, 상기 3)단계에서 열교환의 냉매로 사용되는, 증발가스 재액화 방법.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2018517114A JP2018517111A (ja) | 2015-10-23 | 2016-10-20 | 蒸発ガスの再液化装置及びその方法 |
| CN201680041929.6A CN107848604A (zh) | 2015-10-23 | 2016-10-20 | 蒸发气体再液化装置和方法 |
| US15/743,633 US20180216876A1 (en) | 2015-10-23 | 2016-10-20 | Apparatus and method for boil-off gas reliquefaction |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR10-2015-0148207 | 2015-10-23 | ||
| KR1020150148207A KR102426548B1 (ko) | 2015-10-23 | 2015-10-23 | 증발가스 재액화 장치 및 방법 |
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| WO2017069520A1 true WO2017069520A1 (ko) | 2017-04-27 |
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| US (1) | US20180216876A1 (ko) |
| JP (1) | JP2018517111A (ko) |
| KR (1) | KR102426548B1 (ko) |
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| WO (1) | WO2017069520A1 (ko) |
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| CN111656082A (zh) * | 2018-01-12 | 2020-09-11 | 亚致力气体科技有限公司 | 用于低温储存和运输挥发性气体的热级联 |
| JP2020070740A (ja) * | 2018-10-30 | 2020-05-07 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 圧縮機、圧縮機の運転方法、ボイルオフガス回収システム |
| KR102377796B1 (ko) * | 2020-02-17 | 2022-03-23 | 한국조선해양 주식회사 | 가스 처리 시스템 및 이를 포함하는 선박 |
| US12480622B2 (en) * | 2022-12-07 | 2025-11-25 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Systems and methods for gas storage |
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-
2015
- 2015-10-23 KR KR1020150148207A patent/KR102426548B1/ko active Active
-
2016
- 2016-10-20 JP JP2018517114A patent/JP2018517111A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2016-10-20 US US15/743,633 patent/US20180216876A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2016-10-20 CN CN201680041929.6A patent/CN107848604A/zh not_active Withdrawn
- 2016-10-20 WO PCT/KR2016/011776 patent/WO2017069520A1/ko not_active Ceased
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JP2018517111A (ja) | 2018-06-28 |
| US20180216876A1 (en) | 2018-08-02 |
| KR20170047751A (ko) | 2017-05-08 |
| CN107848604A (zh) | 2018-03-27 |
| KR102426548B1 (ko) | 2022-07-29 |
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