Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
  • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
  • F01K7/06—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of multiple-inlet-pressure type
  • F01K7/08—Control means specially adapted therefor
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
  • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
  • F01K7/16—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
  • F01K7/22—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type the turbines having inter-stage steam heating
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
  • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
  • F01K7/34—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating
  • F01K7/38—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating the engines being of turbine type
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
  • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
  • F01K7/34—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being of extraction or non-condensing type; Use of steam for feed-water heating
  • F01K7/44—Use of steam for feed-water heating and another purpose
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F22—STEAM GENERATION
  • F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
  • F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
  • F22D1/28—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters for direct heat transfer, e.g. by mixing water and steam

Definitions

• the invention is directed to a method for operating a steam power plant during a start and start phase of a steam generator with connected water / steam cycle, wherein the steam generator has a fresh steam generation without reheating or fresh steam generation with a downstream reheat and the water / steam cycle a High-pressure preheating and a feedwater tank includes and in the water / steam cycle at least one at least turbine turbine set is arranged and the high pressure preheating and the feedwater tank of the water / steam cycle a water / steam cycle at least during the respective start and start phase of the Steam generator auxiliary steam supplying auxiliary steam rail is assigned.
• the invention is directed to a steam power plant with a steam generator with connected water / steam circuit for carrying out such a method, which has a steam generator with a fresh steam generation without reheating or a steam generator with a fresh steam generation with a subsequent reheat, wherein the water / steam Circuit comprises a high-pressure preheating and a feedwater tank and in the water / steam cycle at least one at least turbine turbine set is arranged and the high pressure preheating and the feedwater tank of the water / steam cycle a water / steam cycle at least during a respective start and Starting phase of the steam generator auxiliary steam supplying auxiliary steam rail is assigned.
• a steam generator without reheating and known with a turbo set in which in the steam generator from a connected water / steam circuit supplied feed water is converted during the startup or start-up process of the steam generator in live steam, which then in the line of water / Steam cycle is led to a turbo set.
• the live steam via a bypass line, a so-called high-pressure Umleitstation, past the turbo set and in the also introduced in the water / steam cycle arranged capacitor.
• the live steam cools and condenses. The entire heat of condensation is discarded by means of additional energy.
• the water / steam cycle is associated with a so-called auxiliary steam rail, with which consumers arranged thereon, such as the arranged in the water / steam cycle feedwater tank can be supplied with the heating of the feedwater serving steam and the energy input thereby transmitted.
• the guided in the auxiliary steam rail auxiliary steam is usually generated by means of an oil or gas-fired auxiliary steam generator.
• a method for generating steam during a start-up process or a start-up process of Steam generator with reheating of the steam and an associated water / steam cycle arranged turbine set which may include, for example, a high-pressure turbine and a medium-pressure turbine.
• steam is first generated again in the steam generator, which is guided past by means of a high-pressure Umleitstation at the associated high-pressure turbine until he required for the operation of the high-pressure turbine steam parameters in terms of pressure, temperature and Mass flow has reached.
• the bypass line of the high-pressure bypass station leads the live steam bypassing the high-pressure turbine during this time into the cold reheater rail of the water / steam circuit which supplies the cold reheater steam to a reheater arranged in the steam generator.
• this reheater hot reheater steam is generated, which in turn is then fed to the medium-pressure turbine.
• the hot reheater steam is fed past the intermediate-pressure turbine by means of a low-pressure diverter station with associated bypass line and fed to the condenser, as long as the hot reheater steam during the start-up and start-up process does not affect the steam parameters necessary for the operation of the medium-pressure turbine Pressure, temperature and mass flow met.
• use of the generated cold reheater steam is already provided when the amount of live steam generated during the starting process has reached approximately 15% of the amount of live steam normally generated during operation. From reaching this live steam amount is cold reheater steam both a
• the auxiliary steam rail and the amount of steam supplied to the high pressure preheating is only a partial flow of the cold reheater steam quantity, so that a large part of the produced steam continues to be supplied to the condenser, cooled and condensed. there the entire heat of condensation is discarded by means of an additional energy input.
• only a partial flow of the generated steam can be assigned to the steam rail and the high-pressure preheating, since the remaining steam must necessarily flow through the steam generator and here the pipes of the reheater, so that the pipes are not too hot, but through the inside flowing Medium are sufficiently cooled during the starting process.
• a disadvantage of the known state of the art therefore, is that a large part of the heat energy generated in the steam generation and transported in the steam is discarded unused in the condenser of the water / steam cycle.
• a partial steam quantity of the steam produced can be branched off upstream of the reheater and fed as heating medium to a high-pressure preheater for feedwater preheating.
• a part of the hot reheater steam upstream of a arranged in the water / steam cycle condenser is supplied to the water / steam cycle.
• the steam generator is associated with an auxiliary steam rail whose steam is used for a feedwater pre-heating, by this is fed to the feedwater tank for preheating and degassing of the feedwater.
• the auxiliary steam system is fed by the live steam generated during the start and start phase of the steam power plant.
• DE 196 54 499 A1 proposes to supply the live steam produced during the start and start phase of the steam power plant to a starting release associated with the auxiliary steam rail, from which the auxiliary steam rail is then fed with appropriate steam parameters.
• the invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide a solution that makes it possible to better use the heat energy content of the steam generated when starting a power generating steam power plant for a heat back into the water / steam cycle for feedwater preheating and the startup of the power plant to further reduce the resulting heat energy losses and to shorten the starting process.
• this object is achieved in that generated during the start and startup phase of the steam power plant in a steam generator without reheating from guided in the water / steam cycle feed water live steam and during a period or the respective period of the start - And start-up phase, in which the steam produced does not meet the steam required for operation of the arranged in the water / steam cycle downstream of the fresh steam generation turbine of the turbo set steam parameters, first of all produced in the steam generator live steam using its transmittable
• Heat energy content in particular almost completely, a high-pressure preheating or the high-pressure preheating and the auxiliary steam rail is supplied and that during the start and start-up phase of the steam power plant in a steam generator with reheat from in Water / steam circuit guided feed water produced live steam and hot reheater steam and during a period or the respective period of the start-up and start-up phase, in which the hot reheater steam generated arranged for operating in the water / steam cycle downstream of the hot reheater steam generating reheating Turbine of the turbo set required steam parameters is not met, first the hot reheater steam generated in the steam generator using its transmittable heat energy content, in particular almost completely, a high pressure preheating or the high pressure preheating and the auxiliary steam rail is supplied.
• this object is achieved in that the steam generator without reheating downstream of the steam generator and upstream of a steam can be acted upon with steam turbine, especially high-pressure turbine, the turbo set a live steam from the water / steam circuit branches off and to the auxiliary steam rail and the high pressure preheating leading start-up bypass line connection and that the steam generator with hot reheater steam generating reheater downstream of a steam can be applied with high-pressure turbine and the reheater superheater steam generating superheater and upstream of a superheater steam acted upon turbine, in particular medium pressure turbine, the turbo set a hot reheater steam from Branch water / steam circuit and to the auxiliary steam rail and the Hochdruckvor40rmun g leading start-up bypass line connection.
• the steam produced in the steam generator or hot reheater steam is no longer supplied to a capacitor or only partially used, but in particular is almost completely used so that its transferable heat energy content to the high pressure preheating or the high pressure preheating and the auxiliary steam rail transmitted and so on the Feedwater heating indirectly or directly serving devices or devices and / or devices or devices arranged in the water / steam circuit and / or on the auxiliary steam rail, and thus being used for a feedwater preheating and / or steaming of the auxiliary steam rail.
• the supply of steam generated by oil or gas-fired auxiliary steam generators and thereby the fuel consumption is reduced in total when feeding the produced steam or hot reheater steam into the auxiliary steam rail. It is particularly advantageous that the transferable heat energy of the generated live steam or the generated hot reheater steam is supplied to the high-pressure preheating. This has the advantage that compared to a supply of the hot reheater steam for low pressure preheating in the high pressure preheating both the feed water pressure and the boiling point of the feedwater are higher and by taking place at this point supply of hot reheater steam significantly more heat energy in the water / steam Cycle can be returned. This measure is also compared to the known from DE 44 47 044 C1 measure, after which a subset of the cold reheater steam of
• hot steam and, in the case of a steam generator with reheating, hot steam reheater steam of high-pressure preheating or high-pressure preheating and auxiliary steam rail are to be supplied to a steam generator without reheating.
• the heat energy content present in the live steam or the hot reheater steam is then transferred as far as possible to the high-pressure preheating or the auxiliary steam rail for use. It is intended to supply a maximum amount of live steam or hot reheater steam energetically by using the transferable heat contents of a use.
• live steam or the hot reheater steam completely the high pressure preheating or
• Preheating the turbo set and the associated piping is used, but - at least and in particular - the live steam produced in addition or hot reheater steam with this "excess" - subset then completely the high pressure preheating or Auxiliary steam rail is supplied, provided that the bypass line connection can fully absorb this live steam or hot reheater steam amount. Only when the produced steam or hot reheater steam quantity is greater than the amount used for the preheating and the amount that can be taken up by the bypass line connection, the respective remaining amount of excess steam is supplied to the condenser arranged in the water / steam cycle.
• the reheater steam exclusively downstream of the steam generator as a hot reheater steam from Water / steam circuit branched off and used for the feedwater pre-heating.
• the invention therefore provides in a further embodiment of the method that one, in particular the entire, produced in the steam generator without reheating amount of live steam downstream of the steam generator and upstream of the turbine can be acted upon with live steam, in particular high pressure turbine, the turbo set initially by means of a branching off from the water / steam cycle start-up bypass line connection, in particular almost completely, the auxiliary steam rail and / or the high-pressure preheating is supplied.
• the turbo set is first supplied by means of a branching off from the water / steam cycle start-up bypass line connection, in particular almost completely, the auxiliary steam rail and / or the high-pressure preheating.
• the live steam is therefore fed downstream of the steam generator and upstream of a steamable turbine with the start-up bypass line connection.
• the hot reheater steam is thus fed downstream of a live steam superheamer and the reheater superheater steam producing reheater and upstream of a hot reheater steam impingable turbine, particularly mid-pressure turbine, to the start-up bypass line connection.
• Such a start-up bypass line connection can also be conveniently used to condition the supplied live steam or the supplied hot reheater steam in such a way that with respect to its pressure, its temperature and the steam mass flow to the consumers connected to the start-up bypass line connection, such as the high pressure preheating, in the water / steam cycle of the Steam generator associated water / steam cycle is arranged, or the auxiliary steam rail is adapted such that the requirements imposed by these with respect to the steam parameters are met.
• the invention is characterized in development therefore also by the live steam and / or hot reheater steam in the start-up bypass line connection with respect to its steam pressure and temperature parameters and its mass flow to the requirements of the connected to the start-up bypass line connection steam consumer auxiliary steam rail and / or high pressure preheating is adjusted.
• the reheater steam is fed to the start-up bypass line connection exclusively downstream of the steam generator as a hot reheater steam.
• the amount of steam generated is greater than the total amount of steam in the start-up bypass line connection, is for this case also provided the possibility to supply the generated steam to the arranged in the water / steam cycle of the steam generator capacitor.
• the invention therefore also provides that only the part of the live steam or hot generated in the steam generator during the respective start and start phase of the steam power plant
• Reheater steam quantity is supplied to a condenser arranged in the water / steam cycle, which exceeds the respective current intake and / or capacity of the start-up bypass line connection.
• the invention further provides that when approaching or reaching the required for the operation of an associated turbine of the turbo set steam parameters in live steam or in the hot reheater steam whose / their supply returned to the start-up bypass line connection and closed the start-up bypass line connection and the live steam or the hot Reheater steam is supplied to the respective associated turbine of the turbo set.
• the steam power plant in a further embodiment of the invention is characterized in that in the start-up bypass line connection, a live steam supplied or the hot reheater steam supplied to the consumers connected to end regions of the start-up bypass line connection Auxiliary steam rail and high pressure preheating required steam parameters adjusting steam conditioning device is arranged.
• the steam conditioning device is in particular a steam reduction station.
• the steam power plant according to the invention is further characterized in that the auxiliary steam rail is in line connection with a feed water tank, a steam air preheater of the steam generator and the high-pressure turbine of the turbo set.
• Fig. 2 in likewise schematic schematic representation of an alternative embodiment according to the invention of a steam generator with reheating of the steam and associated in the connected water / steam circuit arranged turbo set.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic overview of a steam generator 1 of a steam power plant with connected water / steam circuit 2.
• water / steam circuit 2 In the water / steam circuit 2 is a high-pressure turbine. 3 arranged, which in the steam generator 1 generated live steam 4 (FD) can be fed.
• FD live steam 4
• the water / steam circuit 2 opens into a condenser 5.
• HDU high pressure bypass station 6
• the steam is condensed and then supplied in the water / steam circuit 2 by means of a low-pressure pump 8 a Niederchristvorierrmung 9 and a feedwater tank 10.
• the feedwater is supplied by means of a feedwater pump 1 1 in the water / steam cycle 2 a high-pressure preheating 12, from which the feed water is then fed to the steam generator 1.
• the water / steam circuit 2 is associated with an auxiliary steam-carrying auxiliary steam rail 13, which is supplied when starting usually by means of an oil or gas-fired auxiliary steam generator 14 steam generated.
• auxiliary steam rail steam 13 By means of the guided in the auxiliary steam rail steam 13, the feed water tank 10, the steam air preheater 26 of the steam generator 1 and the high-pressure turbine 3 steam either as a sealing steam or for the utilization of the heat content contained in the steam can be supplied.
• flow direction of the water / steam In the direction indicated by the arrows 15 flow direction of the water / steam
• Circuit 2 seen downstream of the fresh steam generation 19 in the steam generator 1 and upstream of the turbine 3 branches off from the water / steam circuit 2 from a start-up bypass line 16, which opens with an end portion 16a in the high-pressure preheater 12 and with another end portion 16b in the Auxiliary steam rail 13 opens.
• the auxiliary steam rail 13 in turn is connected via a line connection 17 to the feed water tank 10 in this steam-impartable manner.
• a steam conditioning device 18 is arranged and configured in the form of a steam reduction station, with which the supplied live steam 4 adapted to the demands made by the consumers directly or indirectly connected to the start-up bypass connection line 16 with respect to the required steam parameters becomes.
• the embodiment of Figure 2 differs from that of Figure 1 in that here the steam generator 1 a in addition to the fresh steam generation 19 and a hot reheater steam 20 (HZÜ) generating reheater 21 includes.
• the turbine set 3b arranged in the water / steam cycle 2 comprises a high-pressure turbine 3 and a medium-pressure turbine 22.
• the live steam 4 is conducted past the high-pressure turbine 3 during the start and start phase of the steam generator 1 via the bypass line 7, as in FIG Steam parameters of the live steam 4 do not allow their operation.
• Bypass line 7 opens into a so-called cold reheater section 2 a of the water / steam cycle 2, which cold reheater steam 4 of the reheatening 21, by means of which in the steam generator 1 a hot reheater steam 20 (HZÜ) is generated.
• this Embodiment branches off the start-up bypass connection line 16 in the flow direction 15 of the water / steam cycle 2 downstream of the reheat 21 and upstream of the medium-pressure turbine 22 from the water / steam circuit 2 and ends with their ends 16 b and 16 a also in the auxiliary steam rail thirteenth and in the high-pressure preheating 12.
• a steam conditioning device 18 is arranged in the form of a Dampfreduzierstation.
• the medium-pressure turbine 22 can be bypassed by means of a second bypass line 23, in which a low-pressure bypass station 24 (NDU) is arranged. Both the second bypass line 23 and the output of the medium-pressure turbine 22 open into the condenser 5.
• NDU low-pressure bypass station 24
• the other elements correspond to those of the embodiment according to the figure 1 and are also provided with the same reference numerals.
• the live steam 4 does not meet the requirements of the high-pressure turbine 3 to the necessary steam parameters pressure, temperature and steam mass flow, the live steam 4 is almost completely introduced via the bypass line 7 with the high pressure Umleitstation 6 in the cold reheater rail 2a (KZÜ) (small amounts of steam used for preheating the live steam line and the turbine (s)).
• KZÜ cold reheater rail 2a
• the steam is then supplied to the reheater 21 in the steam generator 1 a and hot reheater steam 20 is generated.
• This hot reheater steam 20 is then, as long as he does not need the steam parameters necessary for the permanent operation of the medium pressure turbine 22, namely
• the hot reheater steam 20 is used for the feedwater preheating.
• the hot reheater steam quantity produced therein is greater than that which can be conveyed through the start-up bypass connection line 16, the excess reheater steam quantity is supplied to the second bypass line 23 and the low-pressure diverter station 24 arranged therein.
• the start-up bypass connection line 16 is closed and the generated hot reheater steam 20 of the intermediate-pressure turbine 22 is supplied ,
• the live steam 4 produced if it has the necessary for a permanent operation of the high-pressure turbine 3 operating parameters, passed through the high-pressure turbine 3.
• the live steam 4 is then usually in a pressure and temperature range of about 1 10 bar and 450 ° C, which is sufficient to operate the high-pressure turbine 3 so permanently.
• the live steam 4 is then usually in a pressure and temperature range of about 1 10 bar and 450 ° C, which is sufficient to operate the high-pressure turbine 3 so permanently.
• the amount of steam used for this preheating can amount to 2% to 35% of the amount of live steam produced in live steam.
• This back integration of the heat energy content of the produced live steam 4 or of the produced hot reheater steam 20 into the feedwater preheating takes place until the live steam 4 or the hot reheater steam 20 has the steam parameters necessary for the operation of the respectively downstream turbine. Are these reached or almost reached, the connection from the water / steam circuit 2 in the start-up bypass connection line 16 is slowly closed and the live steam 4 in the embodiment of Figure 1 and the hot reheater steam 20 in the embodiment of Figure 2 the respective associated turbines 3 or 22 of the respective turbine set 3a, 3b fed.
• the use of the method according to the invention also leads to a faster preheating of the steam-conveying lines leading to the medium-pressure turbine 22 and results in longer service lives for thick-walled components of the steam generator.
• the implementation of the method according to the invention requires a lower energy demand for the operation of a cooling tower and cooling water pumps, since less steam is introduced into the condenser 5.
• the steam generator 1 or 1 a as usual an economizer, an evaporator, a superheater, namely the steam generator 1 with one or the high pressure part 19 a of the steam generator 1 or the steam generator 1 a with a reheater 21 and a high pressure part 19 a of Steam generator 1 a include.
• the inventive method can be found in any type of steam power plant application.
• steam generators for Power generation in which the turbines drive a generator 25 for power generation, such as lignite steam boilers or coal-fired steam generators or waste heat boilers and steam generators of solar thermal systems
• the length of the respective start and start phase of the steam power plant results essentially from the beginning to which the first burner of the steam generator 1, 1 a is started (actuation of the "fire on” start button), and the end with Completion of the synchronization of the generator 25 of the associated turbine or the turbine set 3a, 3b is reached.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Control Of Turbines (AREA)
• Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)

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Citations (8)

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• 2015
  • 2015-10-23 DE DE102015118098.7A patent/DE102015118098A1/de not_active Ceased
• 2016
  • 2016-10-24 WO PCT/EP2016/075509 patent/WO2017068176A1/de unknown
  • 2016-10-24 PL PL16785471T patent/PL3365534T3/pl unknown
  • 2016-10-24 DK DK16785471.0T patent/DK3365534T3/da active
  • 2016-10-24 ES ES16785471T patent/ES2764757T3/es active Active
  • 2016-10-24 EP EP16785471.0A patent/EP3365534B1/de active Active

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