WO2017063371A1 - 滤器 - Google Patents

滤器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017063371A1
WO2017063371A1 PCT/CN2016/085044 CN2016085044W WO2017063371A1 WO 2017063371 A1 WO2017063371 A1 WO 2017063371A1 CN 2016085044 W CN2016085044 W CN 2016085044W WO 2017063371 A1 WO2017063371 A1 WO 2017063371A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
filter
recovery
hooks
retrieving
end portion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/085044
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈卓
李安宁
Original Assignee
先健科技(深圳)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 先健科技(深圳)有限公司 filed Critical 先健科技(深圳)有限公司
Publication of WO2017063371A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017063371A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/01—Filters implantable into blood vessels
    • A61F2/011—Instruments for their placement or removal
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/01—Filters implantable into blood vessels
    • A61F2/0108—Both ends closed, i.e. legs gathered at both ends

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of medical devices, and more particularly to a filter.
  • Pulmonary embolism is a common disease with high mortality. According to statistics, the mortality rate of untreated pulmonary embolism is 20%-30%. The annual new cases account for 0.2% of the total population, calculated as China's 1.35 billion population. There are approximately 2.7 million new patients each year.
  • Vena cava filters (hereinafter referred to as filters) have been clinically proven to reduce the incidence of pulmonary embolism.
  • the filter is divided into a permanent implant filter and a temporary filter. If the implant is improperly placed or the filter is tilted when implanted in the body, the catcher should be used to recover the filter and then released again. For temporary filters, after the risk of pulmonary embolism is reduced or disappeared after implantation in the patient for a period of time, the filter should be removed from the patient in time to avoid permanent implantation or damage to the surface of the filter.
  • Vascular tissue for temporary filters, after the risk of pulmonary embolism is reduced or disappeared after implantation in the patient for a period of time, the filter should be removed from the patient
  • a beveled opening 211 can be cut at the end portion 21 of the filter 2, inserted into the beveled opening 211 by a catching device (not shown), and the filter is pulled from the beveled opening 211. 2 and recycle the filter.
  • a catching device not shown
  • only one beveled opening 211 can be generally opened at the end portion 21. If the filter 2 is tilted as shown in FIG.
  • the end portion 21 will be in contact with the blood vessel 31, and the above-mentioned oblique opening 211 will be blocked by the blood vessel wall 32, It is difficult for the catching device to fit into the beveled opening 211, thereby increasing the difficulty of surgery, prolonging the operation time, and increasing the risk of surgery.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that, in view of the defects in the prior art that the catching device is difficult to grasp the tilting filter in the lumen, a filter is provided, which is easily caught by the grasping device even if it is inclined. To.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem thereof is to provide a filter including a filter body and at least one recovery body, the filter body including a filter portion and at least one end portion connected to the filter portion,
  • the recovery body includes a plurality of spaced apart recovery hooks; each of the recovery hooks is coupled to the end portion and radiates from the end portion outwardly toward the filter portion.
  • each of the recovery hooks includes a connecting portion and a hanging portion, the connecting portion is connected to the end portion, and the floating portion is outwardly filtered from the connecting portion toward the filtering portion Radiation extension.
  • connection portions of all the recovery hooks are integrally formed as an annular base, and the annular base is sleeved on the outer surface of the end portion.
  • the recovery body further includes a connecting post, one end of the connecting post is received in the end portion, and the other end is received in the annular base.
  • the suspended portion includes a suspended section, and a guiding section connected between the suspended section and the connecting portion; the suspended section is substantially opposite to a central longitudinal axis of the filter parallel.
  • the guiding section includes two portions formed by bending.
  • the plurality of recovery hooks are evenly spaced around the central longitudinal axis of the filter.
  • a plurality of the connecting portions are integrally formed with the end portions, and each of the floating portions radiates outward from the end portion toward the filter portion.
  • the recovery hook is connected to the end by welding, welding, hinge, or riveting.
  • the recovery hook has elasticity.
  • the filter of the present invention comprises a plurality of recovery hooks spaced apart from each other. Even if the filter is inclined such that the blood vessel wall blocks one of the recovery hooks, other recovery hooks are exposed to the lumen, and the catching device is not affected by the recovery hook. Recycle the filter. If the filter is not inclined, the plurality of recovery hooks arranged at intervals increase the probability that the catching device covers the recovery hook, and the filter can be recovered as long as the catching device covers any one of them, and therefore, the above-mentioned recycling body is used. It can reduce the operation time of the filter recovery operation and reduce the difficulty of the operation, thereby reducing the intraoperative risk of the patient.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of a filter according to the prior art tilted in a blood vessel
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a filter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is an exploded view of Figure 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view of a filter according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the recycling hook of Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of the recycling hook of Figure 4.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of a recycling hook according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view of a recycling hook according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a filter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural view of a filter in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the structure of the filter of Figure 10;
  • Figure 12 is a partial structural view of Figure 11;
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of a filter in still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the filter according to the embodiment of the present invention has a radially compressed state and a radially expanded state, and can be accommodated in the delivery sheath in a radially compressed state and transported into the lumen of the inferior vena cava through the delivery sheath, and transported at a predetermined position.
  • the sheath is radially deployed and restored after being pushed out, and then fixed in the lumen by the radial support force brought about by self-expansion against the lumen wall.
  • the filter comprises a filter body and at least one recovery body, and the filter body can block and hold a thrombus in the inferior vena cava blood vessel, and can even cut a large volume thrombus into a small-volume thrombus which is less harmful, and the filter body includes a filter part. And at least one end connected to the filtering portion; the recycling body can cooperate with the catching device to take out the filter from the inferior vena cava to avoid the biological risk caused by long-term implantation, and the recycling body comprises a plurality of spaced apart Recycling hooks, each of which is connected to the end and radiates outwardly from the end in a direction away from the end and directed from the end to the filter.
  • the number of the recovery bodies can be set as needed, for example, in a filter having two ends, a recovery body can also be provided at each end so that the filter can be recovered from both directions.
  • the recycling body of the present invention can be used in combination with various catching devices in the prior art, such as snares, collars, etc., and those skilled in the art can select suitable ones according to needs.
  • the arresting device does not specifically describe the detailed structure of the catching device.
  • the recovery body comprises a plurality of recovery hooks spaced apart from each other, and even if the filter is inclined such that the lumen wall blocks one of the recovery hooks, other recovery hooks are exposed to the lumen, and the capture device is not affected by the recovery. Hook to recycle the filter. If the filter is not inclined, the plurality of recovery hooks arranged at intervals increase the probability that the catching device covers the recovery hook, and the filter can be recovered as long as the catching device covers any one of them, and therefore, the above-mentioned recycling body is used. It can reduce the operation time of the filter recovery operation and reduce the difficulty of the operation, thereby reducing the intraoperative risk of the patient.
  • the filter 1 includes a filter body 11 and at least one recovery body 12 and has a central longitudinal axis 13.
  • the filter body 11 includes a filter portion 111 and an end portion 112 connected to the filter portion 111.
  • the filter portion 111 includes a plurality of support rods 1111 and a plurality of connecting rods 1112 disposed on two sides of the support rod 1111, and each support rod 1111 is wound.
  • the central longitudinal axis 13 is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, one end of each connecting rod 1112 forms an angle with a support rod 1111, and the other ends of the adjacent two connecting rods converge to form a Y-shaped structure and are finally connected to the end portion 112.
  • the filter body 11 in the present example includes two end portions 112 that are oppositely disposed at both ends of the filter portion 111.
  • the support rod 1111 is in contact with the lumen wall, and the filter 1 is stably placed in the lumen of the blood vessel by the radial support force to avoid displacement.
  • an anchor thorn (not shown) may be provided on the support rod 1111, and the positional filter 1 may be stably fixed by piercing the wall of the lumen by the anchor.
  • the structure of the filter 1 shown in the above figures is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the invention.
  • the filter 1 can also be other structures.
  • the connecting rod can be provided only on one side of the support rod, one end of each connecting rod is connected with the supporting rod, and the other end is gathered together with the end portion, and the other side of the supporting rod is
  • the filter portion 111 can be prepared from one of 316L stainless steel, nickel titanium alloy, titanium metal, Phynox alloy (cobalt, chromium, iron, nickel, molybdenum alloy) and niobium alloy which are more biocompatible.
  • the filter portion 111 may be formed by braiding a braided wire of one of the above materials or by cutting a tubular member of the above-described one material.
  • the filter portion 111 can be prepared by providing the structure of the filter portion 111 or by using a memory alloy material (for example, a nickel-titanium alloy), so that the filter portion 111 can be radially compressed by an external force, and can be recovered in the radial direction after the external force is removed.
  • the recovery body 12 includes a plurality of recovery hooks 121, and the number of the recovery hooks 121 may be 2-5, and three recovery hooks 121 are shown.
  • the recovery hooks 121 are spaced apart from one another, for example, the plurality of recovery hooks 121 can be spaced apart about the central longitudinal axis 13, preferably evenly spaced apart, whereby whenever the filter 1 is tilted, there will always be at least one recovery hook 121 exposed to In the vascular lumen, at least one of the recovery hooks 121 is not blocked by the lumen wall, thereby facilitating the catching device to cover the recovery hook 121.
  • Each of the recovery hooks 121 is connected to the end portion 112.
  • the recovery hook 121 can be integrally formed with the end portion 112; or the recovery hook 121 and the end portion 112 are two separate components, and the recovery hook 121 It is connected to the end portion 112 by welding, welding, hinge, riveting or the like.
  • the recovery hook 121 radiates outwardly from its junction with the end portion 112 in a direction away from the end portion 112, thereby forming a certain gap between the recovery hook 121 and the end portion 112 from which the catching device can be nested.
  • the hook 1 is recovered and the filter 1 is recovered.
  • the width of the gap can be adjusted by flexibly adjusting the distance of the hanging portion of the recovery hook 121 from the end portion 112, and the hanging portion can be adjusted along the central longitudinal axis.
  • the equivalent axial length of 13 is used to adjust the depth of the gap, and is no longer limited by the radial dimension of the end portion 112 itself.
  • the width and depth of the gap described above can each be greater than the width and depth of the beveled opening in the prior art. . If the gap width is large, the catching device is more likely to cover the recovery hook 121; if the gap depth is large, the catching device is not easily slipped out of the recovery hook 121. At the same time, the suspended portion of the recovery hook 121 is directed from the end portion 112 to the filter portion 111, which is opposite to the direction in which the catching device recovers the pull filter 1, further ensuring that the catching device is less likely to slip off the recovery hook 121.
  • the recovery hook 121 can be prepared by using one of 316L stainless steel, nickel titanium alloy, titanium metal, Phynox alloy (cobalt, chromium, iron, nickel, molybdenum alloy) and niobium alloy which are more biocompatible. In order to have sufficient tensile strength during the recovery of the filter 1, the recovery hook 121 can be formed into a band structure by cutting and shaping, and the width of the band structure is set to ensure the tensile strength thereof.
  • the recovery hook 121 may have elasticity, for example, a biocompatible shape memory material such as a nickel titanium alloy material may be used to prepare the recovery hook 121.
  • the elastic recovery hook 121 can be radially compressed under an external force to be compressed together when the filter 1 is compressed into the conveying device; the recovery hook 121 is radially unfolded during the release of the filter 1 to form a gap with the catching device.
  • the recovery hook 121 includes a connecting portion 1211 and a hanging portion 1212.
  • the connecting portion 1211 is connected to the end portion 112, and the floating portion 1212 is away from the connecting portion 1211 along the end portion 112.
  • the direction radiates radially outwardly and forms an acute angle with the central longitudinal axis, and a smooth rounded corner 1213 is formed on the suspended end surface of the suspended portion 1212.
  • a gap 14 is thus formed between the suspended portion 1212 and the end portion 112 from which the catching device can enclose the recovery hook 121.
  • the suspended portion 1212 includes a suspended section 1212a and a guiding section 1212b.
  • the guiding section 1212b is connected between the hanging section 1212a and the connecting portion 1211, and a bending angle is formed between the hanging section 1212a and the guiding section 1212b.
  • a bend angle is formed between the lead portion 1212b and the connecting portion 1211, and the suspended portion 1212a is approximately or substantially parallel to the central longitudinal axis 13.
  • the suspended portion 1212 is directed from the end portion 112 to the filter portion 111, so that the direction of the suspended portion 1212a is substantially anti-parallel to the direction in which the filter 1 is recovered, further preventing the catching device from slipping out of the recovery hook 121.
  • the suspended section 1212a can avoid piercing the blood vessel wall as much as possible to avoid vascular damage, and can also avoid friction with the delivery sheath during transportation.
  • the difference from the recovery hook 121 shown in Figs. 4-6 is that the guide section 1212b includes two portions formed by bending, the bent The two portions provide a more gradual transition between the suspended section 1212a and the connecting portion 1211, which is more advantageous for forming a gap of a larger width.
  • the structure of the recovery hook 121 shown above is merely an example and is not intended to limit the invention.
  • the recovery hook 121 may also adopt the structure of FIG. 8, wherein the suspended portion 1212 is a smooth inclined body, the inclined body and the center The longitudinal axis 13 is at an angle greater than zero, and the inclined body may be a straight rod, an arc structure, or the like.
  • the recovery body 12 can have a variety of structural arrangements. Referring to Figure 9, in one embodiment of the invention, the recovery body 12 includes a plurality of recovery hooks 121 that are independent of one another. The recovery hooks 121 are spaced apart from the end 112 at the end 112. The circumferential surface is preferably evenly spaced apart.
  • the recovery body 12 is an integrally formed structure, for example, which can be integrally cut by a pipe member, and all the connecting portions 1211 of the plurality of recovery hooks 121 are combined to form a whole, for example.
  • the annular bases are formed together, and the floating portions 1212 are connected to the annular base and spaced along the annular base.
  • the annular base can be sleeved on the outer surface of the end portion 112.
  • the recovery body 12 can further include a connecting post 122 having a radial dimension that is less than the radial dimension of the end portion 112 and less than the radial dimension of the annular base.
  • the end portion 112 is sleeved from the outside of the connecting post 122, and the annular base is sleeved from the outside to the other end of the connecting post 122, that is, one end of the connecting post 122 is received in the end portion 112, and another One end is received in the annular base.
  • the connecting rod 122 with a small radial dimension can form a large space near the annular base.
  • the catching device will apply force at the gap position and pull the recovery hook 121 to recover the filter 1. If the gap leaves a large space here, the pulling force will be more effective, and the catching device is more difficult to slip out during the pulling process.
  • a plurality of recovery hooks 121 and end portions 112 are integrally formed, for example, by cutting a pipe member, and the connecting portion 1211 of the recovery hook 121 has the same structure as the end portion 112.
  • a plurality of suspended portions 1212 are formed by cutting at one side of the end portion 112.
  • the filter of the present invention comprises a plurality of recovery hooks spaced apart from each other, and even if the filter is inclined such that the blood vessel wall blocks one of the recovery hooks, other recovery hooks are exposed to the lumen without affecting the capture device to cover the recovery hook.
  • the plurality of recovery hooks arranged at intervals increase the probability that the catching device covers the recovery hook, and as long as the catching device covers any one of them, the filter can be recovered, thereby reducing the filter recovery operation. Between the operations, reducing the difficulty of surgery, thereby reducing the patient's intraoperative risk.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

一种滤器（1），包括过滤体（11）和至少一个回收体（12），过滤体（11）包括过滤部（111）、以及与过滤部（111）连接的至少一个端部（112），回收体（12）包括多个间隔开的回收钩（121）；每个回收钩（121）均与端部（112）相连、且从该端部（112）向外朝过滤部（111）辐射延伸。该滤器（1）包括多个彼此间隔开的回收钩（121），即使滤器（1）倾斜使得血管壁遮挡住了其中的一个回收钩（121），仍有其它回收钩（121）暴露于管腔中，不影响抓捕装置套住回收钩（121）来回收滤器（1）。若滤器（1）未发生倾斜，间隔开设置的多个回收钩（121）增加了抓捕装置套住回收钩（121）的几率，只要抓捕装置套住其中的任意一个，即可将滤器（1）回收，因此，采用上述回收体（12）设置可减少滤器（1）回收手术的手术时间、降低手术操作难度，从而减少了病人的术中风险。

Description

滤器
【技术领域】
本发明涉及医疗器械领域，尤其涉及一种滤器。
【背景技术】
肺栓塞是一种常见疾病，病死率高，有资料统计，不经治疗的肺栓塞的死亡率为20%-30%；每年新增病例约占总人口的0.2%，以我国13.5亿人口计算，每年约有270万新增患者。腔静脉滤器（以下简称滤器）在临床上被证实可降低肺栓塞的发生率。滤器分为永久植入滤器和临时性滤器，在植入体内时若植入位置不当或滤器发生倾斜，需采用抓捕器回收滤器后再重新释放。对于临时性滤器，在植入病人体内一段时间后，肺栓塞的发生风险降低或消失后，需及时将滤器从病人体内取出，以避免永久植入或滤器部分表面爬覆有内皮导致取出时损伤血管组织。
如图1所示，可在滤器2的端部21处切割形成斜角开口211，通过抓捕装置（图中未示出）套入该斜角开口211，并从斜角开口211处拉动滤器2而回收滤器。然而，受限于端部21的尺寸，且为了确保拉动过程中斜角开口211处不发生断裂，通常在端部21仅能开设一个斜角开口211。若滤器2因植入时锚定不稳固或血管生物动力学等因素发生如图1所示的倾斜，则端部21将与血管31接触，上述斜角开口211会被血管壁32遮挡，使得抓捕装置难于套入该斜角开口211，从而增加了手术难度、延长了手术时间、并提高了手术风险。
【发明内容】
本发明要解决的技术问题在于，针对现有技术中抓捕装置难于在管腔中抓捕住倾斜滤器的缺陷，提供一种滤器，该滤器即使处于倾斜状态，也易于被抓捕装置抓捕到。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：提供了一种滤器，包括过滤体和至少一个回收体，所述过滤体包括过滤部、以及与所述过滤部连接的至少一个端部，所述回收体包括多个间隔开的回收钩；每个所述回收钩均与所述端部相连、且从该端部向外朝所述过滤部辐射延伸。
在根据本发明实施例的滤器中，每个所述回收钩均包括连接部和悬空部，所述连接部与所述端部相连，所述悬空部从所述连接部向外朝所述过滤部辐射延伸。
在根据本发明实施例的滤器中，所有所述回收钩的连接部一体成型为环形基座，所述环形基座套设在所述端部的外表面上。
在根据本发明实施例的滤器中，所述回收体还包括连接柱，所述连接柱的一端收容于所述端部内，另一端收容于所述环形基座内。
在根据本发明实施例的滤器中，所述悬空部包括悬空段、以及连接于所述悬空段与所述连接部之间的导引段；所述悬空段与所述滤器的中心纵轴基本平行。
在根据本发明实施例的滤器中，所述导引段包括经弯折形成的两部分。
在根据本发明实施例的滤器中，所述多个回收钩绕所述滤器的中心纵轴均匀间隔开分布。
在根据本发明实施例的滤器中，多个所述连接部与端部一体成型形成，每个所述悬空部自所述端部向外朝所述过滤部辐射延伸。
在根据本发明实施例的滤器中，所述回收钩通过焊接、熔接、铰接、或铆接与所述端部相连。
在根据本发明实施例的滤器中，所述回收钩具有弹性。
本发明的滤器包括多个彼此间隔开的回收钩，即使滤器倾斜使得血管壁遮挡住了其中的一个回收钩，仍有其它回收钩暴露于管腔中，不影响抓捕装置套住回收钩来回收滤器。若滤器未发生倾斜，间隔开设置的多个回收钩增加了抓捕装置套住回收钩的几率，只要抓捕装置套住其中的任意一个，即可将滤器回收，因此，采用上述回收体设置可减少滤器回收手术的手术时间、降低手术操作难度，从而减少了病人的术中风险。
【附图说明】
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明，附图中：
图1是依据现有技术的滤器在血管中倾斜的示意图；
图2是依据本发明实施例的滤器的结构示意图；
图3是图2的爆炸图；
图4是依据本发明一实施例的滤器的局部示意图；
图5是图4中的回收钩的示意图；
图6是图4中的回收钩的示意图；
图7是本发明另一实施例的回收钩的示意图；
图8是本发明再一实施例的回收钩的示意图；
图9是本发明一实施方式中的滤器的结构示意图；
图10是本发明的另一实施方式中的滤器的结构示意图；
图11是图10中的滤器的改进结构示意图；
图12是图11的局部结构示意图；
图13是本发明的再一实施方式中的滤器的结构示意图。
【具体实施方式】
为了对本发明的技术特征、目的和效果有更加清楚的理解，现对照附图详细说明本发明的具体实施方式。
依据本发明实施例的滤器具有径向压缩状态和径向展开状态，可在径向压缩状态下收容于输送鞘管并通过输送鞘管输送至下腔静脉的管腔内，在预定位置从输送鞘管中推出后径向展开并恢复，然后依靠自膨胀带来的径向支撑力紧贴管腔壁而固定于管腔中。上述滤器包括过滤体和至少一个回收体，过滤体可在下腔静脉血管中阻挡并置留血栓，甚至还可将体积较大的血栓切割成危害较小的小体积血栓，该过滤体包括过滤部、以及与过滤部连接的至少一个端部；回收体可与抓捕装置配合，将滤器从下腔静脉中取出，避免长期植入带来的生物学风险，该回收体包括多个间隔开的回收钩，每个回收钩均与端部相连、且从该端部沿远离端部的方向向外辐射延伸并从端部指向过滤部。可根据需要设置回收体的数量，例如，在具有两个端部的滤器中，还可在每个端部处设置回收体，使得滤器可从两个方向回收。
应当知晓的是，作为一种实施方式，本发明中的回收体可与现有技术中的多种抓捕装置配合使用，例如圈套、套环等，本领域的普通技术人员可根据需要选择适合的抓捕装置，此处不再具体阐述抓捕装置的详细结构。
上述滤器中，回收体包括多个彼此间隔开的回收钩，即使滤器倾斜使得管腔壁遮挡住其中的一个回收钩，仍有其它回收钩暴露于管腔中，不影响抓捕装置套住回收钩来回收滤器。若滤器未发生倾斜，间隔开设置的多个回收钩增加了抓捕装置套住回收钩的几率，只要抓捕装置套住其中的任意一个，即可将滤器回收，因此，采用上述回收体设置可减少滤器回收手术的手术时间、降低手术操作难度，从而减少病人的术中风险。
参见图2和图3，在一具体示例中，滤器1包括过滤体11和至少一个回收体12，并具有中心纵轴13。其中，过滤体11包括过滤部111和与该过滤部111连接的端部112，过滤部111包括多个支撑杆1111和设于支撑杆1111两侧的多个连接杆1112，各支撑杆1111绕中心纵轴13沿周向均匀分布，每个连接杆1112的一端与一根支撑杆1111形成夹角，相邻的两个连接杆的另一端汇聚形成Y型结构并最终与端部112连接。本示例中过滤体11包括在过滤部111两端相对设置的两个端部112。径向展开后，上述支撑杆1111与管腔壁接触，通过径向支撑力使得滤器1稳定地设于血管管腔中，避免发生移位。为尽可能避免滤器1倾斜以及防止滤器1从管腔中脱落，可在支撑杆1111上设置锚刺（图中未示出），通过锚刺刺入管腔壁来稳固定位滤器1。当然，上述图中示出的滤器1结构仅用作举例，并不是对本发明的限制。滤器1还可为其他结构，例如，可仅在支撑杆的一侧设置连接杆，各连接杆的一端与支撑杆连接，另一端一并汇聚与端部连接，而支撑杆的另一侧为开放结构，即滤器仅包括一个端部。
过滤部111可由生物相容性较好的316L不锈钢、镍钛合金、金属钛、Phynox合金（钴、铬、铁、镍、钼合金）、钽合金中的一种制备而成。例如，过滤部111可由上述一种材料的编织丝编织形成，或由上述一种材料的管件切割形成。可通过设置过滤部111的结构或采用记忆合金材料（例如镍钛合金）制备过滤部111，使过滤部111在外力作用下可径向压缩，并在外力撤销后沿径向展开恢复。
回收体12包括多个回收钩121，回收钩121的数量可以是2-5个，图中示出了3个回收钩121。回收钩121彼此间隔开设置，例如，该多个回收钩121可绕中心纵轴13间隔开设置，优选均匀间隔开设置，由此无论滤器1如何倾斜，总会有至少一个回收钩121暴露于血管管腔中，即至少有一个回收钩121不会被管腔壁阻挡，从而方便抓捕装置套住回收钩121。
每个回收钩121均与端部112相连，该连接方式有多种，例如回收钩121可与端部112一体成型形成；或者回收钩121与端部112为两个独立的部件，回收钩121通过焊接、熔接、铰接、铆接等方式与端部112连接。
回收钩121从其与端部112的连接处沿远离端部112的方向向外辐射延伸，由此在回收钩121与端部112之间形成一定的间隙，抓捕装置可从该间隙套住回收钩121而回收滤器1。相比于现有技术中的切割形成的斜角开口，本发明中可通过灵活调节回收钩121的悬空部分相对端部112的距离来调节上述间隙的宽度，可通过调节悬空部分沿中心纵轴13的等效轴向长度来调节间隙的深度，而不再受限于端部112自身的径向尺寸，通常上述间隙的宽度和深度均可分别大于现有技术中斜角开口的宽度和深度。若间隙宽度较大，则抓捕装置更易于套住回收钩121；若间隙深度较大，则抓捕装置不易从回收钩121滑脱出来。与此同时，回收钩121的悬空部分从端部112指向过滤部111，与抓捕装置回收拉动滤器1的方向正好相反，进一步确保了抓捕装置不易从回收钩121上滑脱。
回收钩121可采用生物相容性较好的316L不锈钢、镍钛合金、金属钛、Phynox合金（钴、铬、铁、镍、钼合金）、钽合金中的一种制备而成。为使其在回收滤器1过程中具有足够的抗拉强度，该回收钩121可通过切割、定型形成带状结构，设置带状结构的宽度确保其抗拉强度。
回收钩121可以具有弹性，例如，可采用具有生物相容性的形状记忆材料（例如镍钛合金材料）来制备回收钩121。弹性回收钩121可在外力下径向压缩，从而在滤器1压缩进入输送装置时一并压缩；滤器1释放展开过程中回收钩121一并径向展开，形成与抓捕装置配合的间隙。
参见图4-6，在本发明的一具体实施例中，回收钩121包括连接部1211和悬空部1212，连接部1211与端部112相连，悬空部1212从连接部1211沿远离端部112的方向向外径向辐射出，并与中心纵轴形成锐角，悬空部1212的悬空端面上形成有光滑圆角1213。由此在悬空部1212与端部112之间形成间隙14，抓捕装置可从该间隙14套住回收钩121。
请参见图5，悬空部1212包括悬空段1212a和导引段1212b，导引段1212b连接于悬空段1212a和连接部1211之间，悬空段1212a与导引段1212b之间形成弯折角度，导引段1212b与连接部1211之间形成弯折角度，且悬空段1212a与中心纵轴13近似或基本平行。通过前述可知，悬空部1212从端部112指向过滤部111，因此该悬空段1212a的指向与回收拉动滤器1的方向基本反向平行，进一步使得抓捕装置不易从回收钩121滑脱出来。另外，该悬空段1212a可尽量避免刺入血管壁，避免血管损伤，还可尽量避免在输送过程中与输送鞘管发生摩擦。
参见图7，在本发明的又一实施方式中，与图4-6中示出的回收钩121相比的区别在于，该导引段1212b包括经弯折形成的两部分，该弯折的两部分使得悬空段1212a与连接部1211之间具有更为平缓的过渡部分，更加有利于形成较大宽度的间隙。以上示出的回收钩121的结构仅用作举例，并不是对本发明的限制，例如，回收钩121还可采用图8中的结构，其中悬空部1212为光滑的倾斜体，该倾斜体与中心纵轴13成大于零的夹角，该倾斜体可以是直杆、弧形结构等。
回收体12可有多种结构设置，参见图9，在本发明的一实施方式中，回收体12包括多个彼此独立的回收钩121，回收钩121绕端部112间隔地设置在端部112的周面上，优选均匀间隔开设置。
参见图2、3和10，在本发明的另一实施方式中，回收体12为一体成型结构，例如可通过管件一体切割形成，多个回收钩121的全部连接部1211合并形成一个整体，例如一并形成环形基座，悬空部1212均与该环形基座相连并沿该环形基座间隔分布，该环形基座可套设于端部112的外表面上。
在此基础上，参见图11和12，回收体12还可包括连接柱122，该连接柱122的径向尺寸小于端部112的径向尺寸且小于环形基座的径向尺寸。端部112从外部与该连接柱122的一端套设连接，同时，环形基座从外部与该连接柱122的另一端套设连接，即该连接柱122的一端收容于端部112内、另一端收容于环形基座内。采用径向尺寸较小的连接柱122，间隙14可在环形基座附近形成较大的空间，回收拉动过程中抓捕装置将在该间隙位置处施力、拉动回收钩121来回收滤器1，若间隙在此处留有较大的空间将使得该拉力的作用效果更佳，且抓捕装置在拉动过程中更加难于滑脱出去。
参见图13，在本发明的再一实施方式中，多个回收钩121与端部112通过一体成型形成，例如，可通过切割管件形成，回收钩121的连接部1211与端部112为同一结构，多个悬空部1212在端部112的一侧间隔切割形成。
在本发明的滤器包括多个彼此间隔开的回收钩，即使滤器倾斜使得血管壁遮挡住了其中的一个回收钩，仍有其它回收钩暴露于管腔中，不影响抓捕装置套住回收钩来回收滤器。若滤器未发生倾斜，间隔开设置的多个回收钩增加了抓捕装置套住回收钩的几率，只要抓捕装置套住其中的任意一个，即可将滤器回收，由此可减少滤器回收手术的手术之间、降低手术操作难度，从而减少病人的术中风险。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种滤器，包括过滤体和至少一个回收体，所述过滤体包括过滤部、以及与所述过滤部连接的至少一个端部，其特征在于，所述回收体包括多个间隔开的回收钩；每个所述回收钩均与所述端部相连、且从该端部向外朝所述过滤部辐射延伸。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的滤器，其特征在于，每个所述回收钩均包括连接部和悬空部，所述连接部与所述端部相连，所述悬空部从所述连接部向外朝所述过滤部辐射延伸。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的滤器，其特征在于，所有所述回收钩的连接部一体成型为环形基座，所述环形基座套设在所述端部的外表面上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的滤器，其特征在于，所述回收体还包括连接柱，所述连接柱的一端收容于所述端部内，另一端收容于所述环形基座内。
  5. 根据权利要求2-4任一项所述的滤器，其特征在于，所述悬空部包括悬空段、以及连接于所述悬空段与所述连接部之间的导引段；所述悬空段与所述滤器的中心纵轴基本平行。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的滤器，其特征在于，所述导引段包括经弯折形成的两部分。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的滤器，其特征在于，所述多个回收钩绕所述滤器的中心纵轴间隔开分布。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的滤器，其特征在于，多个所述连接部与端部一体成型形成，每个所述悬空部自所述端部向外朝所述过滤部辐射延伸。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的滤器，其特征在于，所述回收钩通过焊接、熔接、铰接、或铆接与所述端部相连。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的滤器，其特征在于，所述回收钩具有弹性。
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