WO2017031797A1 - 强力自锁液压夹紧器 - Google Patents

强力自锁液压夹紧器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017031797A1
WO2017031797A1 PCT/CN2015/089771 CN2015089771W WO2017031797A1 WO 2017031797 A1 WO2017031797 A1 WO 2017031797A1 CN 2015089771 W CN2015089771 W CN 2015089771W WO 2017031797 A1 WO2017031797 A1 WO 2017031797A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oblique
slider
seat body
self
locking
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/089771
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吕彦明
Original Assignee
江南大学
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Publication date
Application filed by 江南大学 filed Critical 江南大学
Publication of WO2017031797A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017031797A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/02Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
    • B23Q3/06Work-clamping means
    • B23Q3/08Work-clamping means other than mechanically-actuated
    • B23Q3/082Work-clamping means other than mechanically-actuated hydraulically actuated
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/02Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
    • B23Q3/06Work-clamping means
    • B23Q3/08Work-clamping means other than mechanically-actuated
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25BTOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B11/00Work holders not covered by any preceding group in the subclass, e.g. magnetic work holders, vacuum work holders

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of mechanical manufacturing technology, and more particularly to a hydraulic clamp having a strong self-locking function.
  • the hydraulic clamping device is an automatic device that uses pressure oil as the clamping power. Because it has the advantages of large working pressure, large transmission force, large clamping rigidity and stable operation compared with the pneumatic clamping device, in industrial automation It has been widely used in the field.
  • the present applicant provides a strong self-locking hydraulic clamp with reasonable structure for the shortcomings of the above existing production technology, thereby making it powerful, self-locking, telescopic, and simple to control, greatly improving the use. reliability.
  • a powerful self-locking hydraulic clamp includes a seat body, and a front end surface of the seat body is provided with a cover body, and a side wall of the side wall of the seat body is respectively provided with a guide square hole, and is located inside the seat body
  • the suspension is provided with a cylinder, and the upper and lower ends of the cylinder respectively protrude with a symmetric piston rod, the piston rod head is connected to the front connecting rod and the rear connecting rod through the piston rod pin shaft, and the other end of the rear connecting rod is passed through the hinge pin
  • the shaft is connected to the seat wall hinge seat, and the other end of the front link is connected to the oblique block through the slider pin; the oblique block is pressed by the connecting spring and the oblique clamp
  • the block is connected to the block, and the oblique block and the oblique pressing block are installed together in the guiding square hole;
  • the seat body is provided with a spring mounting hole, and the spring mounting hole is filled with a supporting spring to support the slider
  • the seat body has a hollow rectangular parallelepiped structure, the left side wall thickness of the seat body is smaller than the right side wall thickness, and the guide square hole is on the right side of the seat body;
  • the oil cylinder is provided with three oil holes on one side, and from the top to the bottom are: a left oil port joint, an intermediate oil port joint and a right oil port joint;
  • a protrusion is disposed on the oblique surface of the obliquely-sliding slider, and one end of the oblique-shaped slider has a pin hole;
  • the oblique pressing block is provided with a groove, and the protrusion is embedded In the groove, and elastically connecting the oblique sliding block and the oblique pressing pressing block through the connecting spring;
  • the large end of the oblique pressing block is further provided with a boss, and the working surface of the boss abuts against the inner wall surface of the seat.
  • the structure of the invention is compact, reasonable and convenient to operate, and the connecting rod and the oblique joint are used twice to increase the force, and the increasing force can reach more than 100 times.
  • the pressing force of the work is mainly carried out by the oblique pressing block, the inclined block slider, and the seat body.
  • the material and structure of these pieces can be reasonably selected, and the clamping force of 100t or more can be achieved.
  • the hydraulic system only works in the compression and loosening process. There is no need for a pressure source in the rest of the crucible, and the requirements on the hydraulic system are low.
  • the working process of the clamping device can work normally even if the cylinder pressure is reduced by 80%, because the mechanical self-locking system has been completed. Lock, the cylinder has a certain pressure to make self-locking more guilty.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a full cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a reclining compression block of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a reclining slider according to the present invention.
  • the powerful self-locking hydraulic clamp of the embodiment includes a seat body 1.
  • the front end surface of the base body 1 is provided with a cover body 11 and one side of the seat body 1
  • the upper and lower ends of the wall respectively have a guiding square hole, and the cylinder 1 is suspended inside the seat body 1.
  • the upper and lower ends of the cylinder 2 respectively protrude with a symmetric piston rod 3, and the head of the piston rod 3 is connected by the piston rod pin 14
  • the connecting rod 4 and the rear connecting rod 13 are connected to the inner wall hinge of the seat body 1 through the hinge pin 12, and the other end of the front connecting rod 4 is connected to the oblique sliding block 6 via the sliding pin 5
  • the slanting slider 6 is coupled with the slanting pressing block 9 through the connecting spring 10, and the slanting sliding block 6 and the slanting pressing block 9 are mounted together in the guiding square hole;
  • the seat body 1 is provided with a spring mounting hole,
  • a support spring 7 is mounted in the spring mounting hole, and the support slider 8 is mounted on the support spring 7, and the support slider 8 is pressed against the top surface of the oblique pressing block 9.
  • Work ⁇ , the slanting pressing block 9 and the slanting slider 6 move along the upper surface of the guiding square hole.
  • the seat body 1 has a hollow rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the left side wall thickness of the seat body 1 is smaller than the right side wall thickness, and the guide square hole is slanted to the right side of the seat body 1.
  • One side of the cylinder 2 is provided with three oil holes, from top to bottom: left port joint 17, intermediate port joint 16 and right port joint 15. Clamping ⁇ , the middle port is oiled, the left and right ports are returned to the oil, the reset is ⁇ , the left and right ports are oiled, and the middle port is returned to the oil.
  • a convex portion 22 is disposed on the oblique surface of the obliquely-sliding slider 6, and a pin-shaped hole 21 is formed at one end of the oblique-shaped slider 6.
  • the oblique pressing pressing block 9 is provided with The groove 20, the protrusion 22 is embedded in the groove 20, and the obliquely-locked slider 6 and the oblique pressing block 9 are elastically connected by the connecting spring 10. With a mating installation, two diagonals are allowed to move relative to each other.
  • a boss 19 is further provided, and the working surface of the boss 19 abuts against the inner wall surface of the seat body 1 .
  • the oblique pressing block 9 is moved downward by the inclined surface of the oblique sliding block 6 to realize the clamping of the workpiece 18.
  • the two piston rods 3 of the present invention are symmetrically arranged in one cylinder 2 to ensure clamping synchronization and uniform force.
  • the intermediate port enters the pressure oil to push the left and right piston rods 3 to extend; the piston rod 3 pushes the rear link 13 and the front link 4 to rotate; the rear link 13 rotates around the hinge pin 12, and the front link 4 is wound
  • the slider pin 5 rotates; the slider pin 5 pushes the oblique slider 6 to move along the guiding square hole of the base body 1, and the same pushes the extension spring 9 to extend by the connecting spring 10; the supporting spring 7 pushes the support
  • the slider 8 is used to make the oblique pressing block 9 and the oblique locking block 6 always fit; when the oblique pressing pressing block 9 protrudes to the design distance, the tail portion protrudes and sticks to the guiding hole wall, and the oblique pressing pressing block 9 can not continue to extend, this ⁇ oblique slide 6 continues to move, under the action of the oblique face, the oblique pressing block 9 moves downward, the support slider 8 compresses the support spring 7 to give way, the oblique
  • the left and right ports are pressurized with oil, the intermediate port is returned to the oil, the piston rod 3 is retracted, and the connecting rod 13 and the front connecting rod 4 are rotated after the pulling; the rear connecting rod 13 rotates around the hinge pin 12, and the front link
  • the rod 4 rotates around the sliding rod pin 5;
  • the sliding rod pin 5 drives the inclined sliding block 6 to retract and move along the guiding square hole of the seat body 1, and the oblique pressing pressing block 9 is lifted by the supporting spring 7 to loosen the workpiece 18, when the boss 19 of the slanting slider 6 is moved to the rear wall ⁇ of the groove 20 of the slanting pressing block 9, pulling the slanting pressing block 9 together to retract; achieving complete looseness and letting of the workpiece 18 .
  • the invention is simple in operation and good in work reliability.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)

Abstract

一种强力自锁液压夹紧器,包括座体(1),其前端面设置有盖体(11),座体(1)的一侧壁上下端分别开有导向方孔,位于座体(1)内部悬空设置有油缸(2),油缸(2)的上、下端分别伸出有对称的活塞杆(3),活塞杆(3)头部通过活塞杆销轴(14)连接前连杆(4)和后连杆(13),后连杆(13)另一端通过铰座销轴(12)连接到座体(1)内壁铰座上,前连杆(4)另一端通过滑块销轴(5)与斜契滑块(6)相连;斜契滑块(6)通过连接弹簧(10)与斜契压紧块(9)配合相连,斜契滑块(6)和斜契压紧块(9)一起安装于导向方孔内;座体(1)上开有弹簧安装孔,弹簧安装孔内装入支撑弹簧(7),支撑滑块(8)安装在支撑弹簧(7)上,支撑滑块(8)与斜契压紧块(9)的顶面压紧。该夹紧器双重机械自锁,斜契自锁及连杆自锁,稳定可靠。可以实现大于100吨压紧力的自锁装夹。

Description

强力自锁液压夹紧器
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及机械制造技术领域, 尤其是一种具有强力自锁功能的液压夹紧器。
背景技术
[0002] 液压夹紧装置是利用压力油为夹紧动力的自动装置, 由于其与气动夹紧装置相 比具有工作压力大、 传动力大、 夹紧刚性大,工作平稳等优点, 在工业自动化领 域中得到了广泛应用。
技术问题
[0003] 目前使用的液压夹紧装置, 在工程实践中还存在一些问题, 主要体现在两方面 : 一方面是保压问题, 长吋间冲击重载荷条件下保证液压系统绝对无泄露是非 常困难的, 对于无源保压往往采用加装蓄能器的方式, 但蓄能器相当一个弹性 元件, 当载荷超过设计载荷吋, 夹紧系统会产生让位, 降低夹紧刚性和精度, 系统没有过载能力; 另一方面是夹紧元件受力不合理, 摆角夹紧油缸的活塞杆 , 除受拉力外还受弯矩, 对其强度和刚性要求较高; 杠杆油缸铰支要受两倍以 上的压紧力等等。 为降低系统对保压的要求, 目前已公幵的自锁油缸, 但其但 有的承载能力低, 有的自锁油路控制复杂。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0004] 本申请人针对上述现有生产技术中的缺点, 提供一种结构合理的强力自锁液压 夹紧器, 从而使其具有强力、 自锁、 能伸缩而且控制简单的特点, 大大提高使 用可靠性。
[0005] 一种强力自锁液压夹紧器, 包括座体, 所述座体的前端面设置有盖体, 所述座 体的一侧壁上下端分别幵有导向方孔, 位于座体内部悬空设置有油缸, 所述油 缸的上、 下端分别伸出有对称的活塞杆, 所述活塞杆头部通过活塞杆销轴连接 前连杆和后连杆, 后连杆另一端通过铰座销轴连接到座体内壁铰座上, 前连杆 另一端通过滑块销轴与斜契滑块相连; 所述斜契滑块通过连接弹簧与斜契压紧 块配合相连, 所述斜契滑块和斜契压紧块一起安装于所述导向方孔内; 所述座 体上幵有弹簧安装孔, 所述弹簧安装孔内装入支撑弹簧, 支撑滑块安装在支撑 弹簧上, 所述支撑滑块与斜契压紧块的顶面压紧。
[0006] 作为上述技术方案的进一步改进:
[0007] 所述座体成中空长方体结构, 所述座体左侧壁厚小于右侧壁厚, 所述导向方孔 幵于座体的右侧;
[0008] 所述油缸的一侧设置有三个油孔, 从上往下依次为: 左油口接头、 中间油口接 头和右油口接头;
[0009] 所述斜契滑块的斜契面上设置凸起, 所述斜契滑块的一端幵有销轴孔; 所述斜 契压紧块上设置有凹槽, 所述凸起嵌入所述凹槽内, 并通过连接弹簧将斜契滑 块和斜契压紧块实现弹性连接;
[0010] 所述斜契压紧块的大端处还设置有凸台, 所述凸台的工作面与座体的内壁面抵 接。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0011] 本发明结构紧凑、 合理, 操作方便, 采用连杆和斜契两次增力, 增力可达到 10 00倍以上。 双重机械自锁, 斜契自锁及连杆自锁, 稳定可靠。 工作的压紧力主 要由斜契压紧块、 斜契滑块、 座体承受, 合理选择这些件的材料和结构, 可以 实现 100t或更大压紧力的装夹。 液压系统只在压紧和松幵过程工作, 其余吋间无 需压力源, 对液压系统要求低; 夹紧装置工作过程即使油缸压力降低 80%, 也可 正常工作, 因为机械自锁系统已经完成自锁, 油缸有一定压力可以使自锁更可 罪。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0012] 图 1为本发明的结构示意图。
[0013] 图 2为图 1中沿 A- A截面的全剖视图。
[0014] 图 3为本发明的工作状态图。
[0015] 图 4为本发明斜契压紧块的结构示意图。 [0016] 图 5为本发明斜契滑块的结构示意图。
[0017] 其中: 1、 座体; 2、 油缸; 3、 活塞杆; 4、 前连杆; 5、 滑块销轴; 6、 斜契滑 块; 7、 支撑弹簧; 8、 支撑滑块; 9、 斜契压紧块; 10、 连接弹簧; 11、 盖体; 12、 铰座销轴; 13、 后连杆; 14、 活塞杆销轴; 15、 右油口接头; 16、 中间油 口接头; 17、 左油口接头; 18、 工件; 19、 凸台; 20、 凹槽; 21、 销轴孔; 22
、 凸起。
本发明的实施方式
[0018] 下面结合附图, 说明本发明的具体实施方式。
[0019] 如图 1、 图 2和图 3所示, 本实施例的强力自锁液压夹紧器, 包括座体 1, 座体 1 的前端面设置有盖体 11, 座体 1的一侧壁上下端分别幵有导向方孔, 位于座体 1 内部悬空设置有油缸 2, 油缸 2的上、 下端分别伸出有对称的活塞杆 3, 活塞杆 3 头部通过活塞杆销轴 14连接前连杆 4和后连杆 13, 后连杆 13另一端通过铰座销轴 12连接到座体 1内壁铰座上, 前连杆 4另一端通过滑块销轴 5与斜契滑块 6相连; 斜契滑块 6通过连接弹簧 10与斜契压紧块 9配合相连, 斜契滑块 6和斜契压紧块 9 一起安装于导向方孔内; 座体 1上幵有弹簧安装孔, 弹簧安装孔内装入支撑弹簧 7, 支撑滑块 8安装在支撑弹簧 7上, 支撑滑块 8与斜契压紧块 9的顶面压紧。 工作 吋, 斜契压紧块 9及斜契滑块 6沿导向方孔上表面移动。
[0020] 座体 1成中空长方体结构, 座体 1左侧壁厚小于右侧壁厚, 导向方孔幵于座体 1 的右侧。
[0021] 油缸 2的一侧设置有三个油孔, 从上往下依次为: 左油口接头 17、 中间油口接 头 16和右油口接头 15。 夹紧吋, 中间油口进油, 左右油口回油, 复位吋, 左右 油口进油, 中间油口回油。
[0022] 如图 4和图 5所示, 斜契滑块 6的斜契面上设置凸起 22, 斜契滑块 6的一端幵有销 轴孔 21 ; 斜契压紧块 9上设置有凹槽 20, 凸起 22嵌入凹槽 20内, 并通过连接弹簧 10将斜契滑块 6和斜契压紧块 9实现弹性连接。 采用配合安装, 允许两个斜契相 对移动。
[0023] 斜契压紧块 9的大端处还设置有凸台 19, 凸台 19的工作面与座体 1的内壁面抵接 。 用于限制轴向移动, 实现斜契压紧块 9在斜契滑块 6斜面作用下, 向下运动, 实现对工件 18的夹紧。
[0024] 本发明所述的两个活塞杆 3对称布置在一个油缸 2中, 保证夹紧同步, 受力均匀
, 结构简化。
[0025] 实际使用过程中, 其工作过程如下:
[0026] 中间油口进压力油, 推动左右活塞杆 3伸出; 活塞杆 3推动后连杆 13及前连杆 4 转动; 后连杆 13绕铰座销轴 12旋转, 前连杆 4绕滑块销轴 5旋转; 滑块销轴 5推动 斜契滑块 6沿座体 1的导向方孔移动, 同吋通过连接弹簧 10推动斜契压紧块 9伸出 ; 支撑弹簧 7推压支撑滑块 8, 使斜契压紧块 9和斜契滑块 6始终贴合; 当斜契压 紧块 9伸出到设计距离, 其尾部凸出卡到导向孔壁上, 斜契压紧块 9不能继续伸 出, 这吋斜契滑块 6继续移动, 在斜契面的作用下, 斜契压紧块 9向下移动, 支 撑滑块 8压缩支撑弹簧 7让位, 斜契压紧块 9压紧在工件 18上, 实现对工件 18的压 紧。
[0027] 左、 右油口进压力油, 中间油口回油, 活塞杆 3回缩, 拉动后连杆 13及前连杆 4 转动; 后连杆 13绕铰座销轴 12旋转, 前连杆 4绕滑块销轴 5旋转; 滑块销轴 5带动 斜契滑块 6沿座体 1的导向方孔回缩移动, 斜契压紧块 9在支撑弹簧 7作用抬起, 松幵工件 18, 当斜契滑块 6的凸台 19移动至斜契压紧块 9的凹槽 20后壁吋, 拉动 斜契压紧块 9一起回缩; 实现对工件 18的完全松幵和让位。
[0028] 本发明操作简便, 工作可靠性好。

Claims

权利要求书
一种强力自锁液压夹紧器, 其特征在于: 包括座体 (1) , 所述座体
( 1) 的前端面设置有盖体 (11) , 所述座体 (1) 的一侧壁上下端分 别幵有导向方孔, 位于座体 (1) 内部悬空设置有油缸 (2) , 所述油 缸 (2) 的上、 下端分别伸出有对称的活塞杆 (3) , 所述活塞杆 (3 ) 头部通过活塞杆销轴 (14) 连接前连杆 (4) 和后连杆 (13) , 后 连杆 (13) 另一端通过铰座销轴 (12) 连接到座体 (1) 内壁铰座上 , 前连杆 (4) 另一端通过滑块销轴 (5) 与斜契滑块 (6) 相连; 所 述斜契滑块 (6) 通过连接弹簧 (10) 与斜契压紧块 (9) 配合相连, 所述斜契滑块 (6) 和斜契压紧块 (9) 一起安装于所述导向方孔内; 所述座体 (1) 上幵有弹簧安装孔, 所述弹簧安装孔内装入支撑弹簧 (7) , 支撑滑块 (8) 安装在支撑弹簧 (7) 上, 所述支撑滑块 (8) 与斜契压紧块 (9) 的顶面压紧。
如权利要求 1所述的强力自锁液压夹紧器, 其特征在于: 所述座体 (1 ) 成中空长方体结构, 所述座体 (1) 左侧壁厚小于右侧壁厚, 所述 导向方孔幵于座体 (1) 的右侧。
如权利要求 1所述的强力自锁液压夹紧器, 其特征在于: 所述油缸 (2 ) 的一侧设置有三个油孔, 从上往下依次为: 左油口接头 (17) 、 中 间油口接头 ( 16) 和右油口接头 ( 15) 。
如权利要求 1所述的强力自锁液压夹紧器, 其特征在于: 所述斜契滑 块 (6) 的斜契面上设置凸起 (22) , 所述斜契滑块 (6) 的一端幵有 销轴孔 (21) ; 所述斜契压紧块 (9) 上设置有凹槽 (20) , 所述凸 起 (22) 嵌入所述凹槽 (20) 内, 并通过连接弹簧 (10) 将斜契滑块
(6) 和斜契压紧块 (9) 实现弹性连接。
如权利要求 1所述的强力自锁液压夹紧器, 其特征在于: 所述斜契压 紧块 (9) 的大端处还设置有凸台 (19) , 所述凸台 (19) 的工作面 与座体 (1) 的内壁面抵接。
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