WO2017024474A1 - 超声弹性成像系统和方法 - Google Patents

超声弹性成像系统和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017024474A1
WO2017024474A1 PCT/CN2015/086531 CN2015086531W WO2017024474A1 WO 2017024474 A1 WO2017024474 A1 WO 2017024474A1 CN 2015086531 W CN2015086531 W CN 2015086531W WO 2017024474 A1 WO2017024474 A1 WO 2017024474A1
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Prior art keywords
region
elastic
interest
area
image
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李双双
周建桥
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Shenzhen Mindray Bio Medical Electronics Co Ltd
Ruinjin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Mindray Bio Medical Electronics Co Ltd
Ruinjin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202210375457.5A priority Critical patent/CN114931396B/zh
Priority to CN201580008886.7A priority patent/CN106456108A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2015/086531 priority patent/WO2017024474A1/zh
Publication of WO2017024474A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017024474A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US15/894,476 priority patent/US11564658B2/en
Priority to US18/095,439 priority patent/US12059301B2/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/48—Diagnostic techniques
    • A61B8/485—Diagnostic techniques involving measuring strain or elastic properties
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/44—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device
    • A61B8/4411—Device being modular
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/5207—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of raw data to produce diagnostic data, e.g. for generating an image
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/5215—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data
    • A61B8/5223—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data for extracting a diagnostic or physiological parameter from medical diagnostic data
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
    • B06B1/0207—Driving circuits
    • B06B1/0215—Driving circuits for generating pulses, e.g. bursts of oscillations, envelopes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B3/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for transmitting mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/13—Tomography
    • A61B8/14—Echo-tomography
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/46—Ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic devices with special arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient
    • A61B8/461—Displaying means of special interest
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/46—Ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic devices with special arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient
    • A61B8/467—Ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic devices with special arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient characterised by special input means
    • A61B8/469—Ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic devices with special arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient characterised by special input means for selection of a region of interest
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B2201/00—Indexing scheme associated with B06B1/0207 for details covered by B06B1/0207 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • B06B2201/70—Specific application
    • B06B2201/76—Medical, dental

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to ultrasound imaging techniques, and in particular to an ultrasound elastography system and method.
  • Ultrasound elastography is one of the hotspots of clinical research in recent years, which mainly reflects the elasticity or softness of tissue.
  • the basic principle of elastic ultrasound imaging is to compress the target tissue slightly or to form a certain pressure on the tissue by means of the body's own breathing, vascular pulsation, etc., to obtain ultrasonic echo signals before and after compression, and organize the tissue when compressed. There will be a strain along the compression direction. If the Young's modulus distribution inside the tissue is not uniform, the strain distribution in the tissue will also be different. Then the strain information of the tissue will be detected by some methods, and output to the interface and the elastic image. The form is visually displayed.
  • This imaging method mainly displays the elastic parameters in the region of interest in a qualitative or quantitative manner, forms an elastic distribution image, and uses different gray scales or different colors on the image to distinguish the softness and hardness of the tissue.
  • the hardness of the infiltrated area around the lesion may be one of the subjects that the user focuses on.
  • an ultrasound elastography system includes: a transmitting and receiving module for transmitting an ultrasonic pulse to a target to be detected, and receiving an ultrasonic echo signal reflected by a target to be detected; and an imaging display module For performing signal processing on the received ultrasonic echo signal, displaying the processed image; and focusing on the analysis module for detecting the region of interest and the shell region selected by the operator on the image, the reference region and the The shell region is separately calculated for the elastic parameters, and the analysis results are analyzed according to the calculation results of the two, and the shell region refers to the region obtained by removing the region of interest after the expanded region of the region of interest is removed.
  • the shell region refers to a region obtained by removing the reduced region of the region of interest after the region of interest is removed, the reference region is the region of interest, or the reference region is detected
  • the reference selected by the operator on the image The area, or the reference area, is an area preset by the system.
  • an ultrasound elastography method comprising: a transmitting and receiving step: transmitting an ultrasonic pulse to a target to be detected, and receiving an ultrasonic echo signal reflected by the target to be detected; and an imaging display step: Performing signal processing on the received ultrasonic echo signal to display the processed image; focusing on the analyzing step: detecting the region of interest and the shell region selected by the operator on the image, respectively performing the reference region and the shell region
  • the elastic parameter calculation is performed according to the calculation results of the two, and the analysis result is outputted, and the shell region refers to a region obtained by removing the region of interest after the expanded region of the region of interest is removed, or the shell
  • the area refers to an area obtained by removing the reduced area of the region of interest by the region of interest, the reference area is the region of interest, or the reference area is the detected operator
  • the reference area selected on the image, or the reference area is an area preset by the system.
  • the ultrasonic elastography system or method of the present invention after the operator selects the region of interest from the image, and then extracts the elastic parameters for the shell region thereof, and compares with the elastic parameters of other regions, Provide more information.
  • Embodiment 1 is a schematic structural view of an ultrasonic elastography system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of expanding a region of interest to obtain a shell region according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of expanding a region of interest to obtain a shell region according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of drawing a shell area and a reference area in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a histogram statistics during shell analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of an ultrasonic elastography system of Embodiment 1.
  • the present invention selects the key interest area according to the region of interest, and analyzes it in detail to provide more information.
  • the ultrasound elastography system of the embodiment includes a transmitting and receiving module 11, The imaging display module 13 and the attention analysis module 15.
  • the ultrasonic probe transmits a special pulse sequence to the object to be detected 2 according to the scanning rule set by the transmitting sequence control unit, and receives the ultrasonic echo signal reflected by the target 2 to be detected.
  • the received ultrasonic echo signals are subjected to signal processing, and the processed images are displayed.
  • the imaging display module 13 passes the received echo signal to the beam combining process, and then sends it to the two-dimensional image processing unit for processing, and displays the gray scale image of the processed human body tissue (ie, the two-dimensional image).
  • module 13 may also add other processing operations well known to those skilled in the art, such as signal amplification, analog to digital conversion, orthogonal decomposition, and the like.
  • the beam synthesis, two-dimensional image processing, and the like involved in the imaging display module 13 can be implemented by using related ultrasonic techniques, and will not be described in detail herein.
  • the shell area is a key area of interest and is a range of areas corresponding to the area of interest. For example, the infiltration area around the lesion.
  • the shell area S refers to an area obtained by removing the region of interest R after the expanded region of the region of interest R of the image I (ie, the region surrounded by the boundary line SL).
  • the shell area refers to an area obtained by removing the narrowed area (ie, the area enclosed by the boundary line SL) after the region of interest R is reduced.
  • the area sandwiched between the area boundary line RL and the boundary line SL, which is the shell area S, and the area thickness is dS.
  • the shell area is an approximate annular area between the boundary line RL of the region of interest and the boundary line SL of the expanded or reduced region, which is the key area of interest.
  • the manner in which the operator selects the region of interest on the displayed image may be that the operator performs frame selection or manual drawing of the region of interest on the displayed image through an input device connected to the system, such as a trackball, a touch screen, or a mouse.
  • the frame selection means that the system provides a frame selection tool for the operator to select.
  • the system provides an elliptical closed area for selection, and the operator only needs to determine the position and length of the ellipse's long and short axes, and the elliptical closed area can be easily drawn.
  • the system determines the drawn area as the region of interest.
  • the system can also provide other shapes to choose from.
  • the region of interest selected by the frame may be a target region of any shape and size, for example Regular geometric shapes such as circles, rectangles, and ellipse, or irregular geometries.
  • the operator After obtaining the region of interest, the operator needs to draw a shell region.
  • the shell region is an area related to the expansion or reduction of the region of interest. Similar to the practice of drawing a region of interest, the operator can choose to manually draw or system-assisted drawing.
  • the system assisted drawing method may be, for example, the system provides a choice of whether the shell area is expanded or reduced, and the thickness of the shell area is optional, and the operation only needs to determine whether the shell area is expanded or reduced, and selects the thickness of the shell area, the system The shell area is automatically drawn.
  • the region of interest and the key region of interest ie, the shell region
  • it is analyzed and calculated, usually to calculate the parameters of these regions, which may be the parameters selected by the operator to be analyzed, or may be the system default.
  • the parameters may be some conventional measurement parameters, such as area, diameter, distance, volume, etc., or some special elastic related parameters.
  • the elastic parameters vary according to the elastic imaging method, and include various types, such as conventional press-type elasticity.
  • elastic parameters can be strain, strain ratio, strain rate, etc.; such as shear wave elastography, elastic parameters can be shear wave velocity, shear wave velocity ratio, Young's modulus, shear modulus, Young's Modulus ratio, shear modulus ratio, shear wave propagation distance, and the like.
  • parameters include, but are not limited to, strain to strain ratio, strain-time curve, shear wave velocity to shear wave velocity ratio, elastic modulus to elastic modulus ratio, elastic histogram statistics, and the like. These parameters are described below.
  • StrainRatio StrainMean_shell/StrainMean_target.
  • the strain ratio can reflect the degree of elasticity difference or soft and hard difference between the region of interest and its shell region. Under a certain pressure, the greater the tissue strain value, the lower the hardness.
  • the system can also calculate the ratio of the strain rate (ie, the rate of change of strain over time), and/or the strain rate, respectively.
  • the system may additionally draw a reference area (the area enclosed by the boundary line CL as shown) to calculate the average within the shell area S and within the reference area. Strain or strain rate results, and calculate the strain ratio or strain rate ratio of the two.
  • the system can calculate the average strain result StrainMean_target in the region of interest at each moment in a period of time and the average strain result StrainMean_shell in the shell region to form two strain-time curves.
  • the system can analyze the elastic difference between the target area of interest and its shell area, and study its stability over a period of time.
  • the system may additionally draw a reference area to calculate a strain-time curve within the shell region and within the reference region.
  • the system can calculate the average shear wave velocity SpeedMean_target in the target region of interest and the average shear wave velocity SpeedMean_shell in the shell region, and calculate the ratio of the two.
  • SpeedRatio the ratio reflects the degree of elasticity or soft and hard difference between the target area of interest and its shell area. In general, the greater the shear wave velocity of the tissue, the greater its hardness.
  • the system may additionally draw a reference area to calculate the ratio of shear wave velocity to shear wave velocity within the shell region and within the reference region.
  • the system can calculate the average elastic modulus result ElastoMean_target in the target region of interest and the average elastic modulus ElastoMean_shell in the shell region, and calculate the ratio ElatoRatio of the two.
  • the ratio reflects the degree of elasticity or soft and hard difference between the target area of interest and its shell area. In general, the greater the elastic modulus of the tissue, the greater its hardness.
  • the elastic modulus includes Young's modulus, shear modulus, and the like.
  • the system may additionally draw a reference area to calculate the elastic modulus to elastic modulus ratio in the shell region and in the reference region.
  • the elastic image reflects the difference in hardness between tissues in gray scale or color
  • the gray scale or color distribution of each local region is counted, and the hardness of the local tissue can be reflected from the other side.
  • the system can calculate the squares in the region of interest and the shell region, respectively.
  • the statistical results are plotted and plotted at the same or different coordinates, where the abscissa is the map used for the elastic image mapping.
  • the ordinate is the number or relative percentage of pixels in the statistical area.
  • the abscissa of the histogram distribution map is the map of the current elastic image map (the system can provide multiple maps for selection), and the ordinate is the number or relative percentage of pixels in the statistical area. The narrower the range of the histogram distribution, the more concentrated the hardness distribution of the tissue in the statistical area.
  • the histogram results also include statistical maximum, minimum, mean, standard deviation, and so on.
  • the system may additionally draw a reference area to calculate a histogram distribution within the shell area and within the reference area.
  • the system can display according to the analysis parameters obtained by the analysis module. Corresponding results. For example, if the user chooses to calculate the average strain value and the strain ratio between the shell area and the region of interest, the calculated strain result and strain ratio are displayed on the interface.
  • the shell analysis result may also be stored on the current image. Of course, the operator can also delete the current shell analysis results, or display the position change and other operations.
  • an embodiment also provides an ultrasound elastography method, including the following steps:
  • a transmitting and receiving step in which an ultrasonic pulse is transmitted to the target to be detected, and an ultrasonic echo signal reflected by the target to be detected is received;
  • An imaging display step in which the received ultrasonic echo signal is subjected to signal processing to display an image obtained after processing
  • the shell region refers to a region obtained by removing the region of interest after the expanded region of the region of interest is removed, or the shell region refers to a region obtained by removing the reduced region of the region of interest after the region of interest is removed.
  • the area is a region of interest, or the reference area is a reference area selected by the detected operator on the displayed image, or the reference area is an area preset by the system.
  • the imaging display step comprises: a two-dimensional image processing sub-step and a two-dimensional image display sub- Step; in the two-dimensional image processing sub-step, processing the received ultrasonic echo signal to obtain a two-dimensional image; and in the two-dimensional image display sub-step, displaying the processed two-dimensional image.
  • the ultrasonic elastography system provided by the embodiment can select and extract the region of interest from the image, and then extract and process the elastic parameters for the shell region, and compare with the elastic parameters of other regions, thereby providing more More information.
  • the ultrasonic elastography system of the present embodiment includes a transmitting and receiving module 61, an imaging display module 63, and an attention analysis module 65.
  • the transmitting and receiving module 61 and the attention analyzing module 65 are similar to the transmitting and receiving module 11 and the focused analyzing module 15 of the embodiment 1, respectively, and are not described herein again.
  • the received echo signal is subjected to beam combining processing, and then sent to the elastic physical quantity calculating unit for processing, and the processed elastic image is displayed.
  • module 63 may also add other processing operations well known to those skilled in the art, such as signal amplification, analog to digital conversion, orthogonal decomposition, and the like.
  • the beam synthesis, elastic physical quantity calculation, and the like involved in the imaging display module 63 can be implemented by using related ultrasonic techniques, and will not be described in detail herein.
  • this embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 in that the attention analysis module 65 of the present embodiment performs the elasticity image on the selection of the region of interest and the shell region, and the embodiment 1 is in the two-dimensional image. Make a selection on it.
  • an embodiment provides a corresponding ultrasonic elastography method, and the specific process is similar to the method embodiment in the foregoing Embodiment 1, except that the imaging display step includes an elastic physical quantity calculation sub-step and an elastic image. Displaying a sub-step, wherein in the elastic physical quantity calculation sub-step, processing the received ultrasonic echo signal, calculating a physical quantity of elasticity that reflects the target to be detected, and generating a corresponding elastic image according to the physical quantity; in the elastic image display sub-step , showing an elastic image.
  • the ultrasonic elastography system of the present embodiment is actually a combination of Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, that is, the ultrasonic elastography system also includes a transmitting and receiving module, an imaging display module, and an attention analysis module.
  • the transmitting and receiving module and the focused analyzing module are respectively similar to the transmitting and receiving module 11 and the focused analyzing module 15 of Embodiment 1 or the transmitting and receiving module similar to Embodiment 2 Block 61 and attention analysis module 65 are not repeated here.
  • the imaging display module includes the features of Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, that is, the received ultrasonic echo signal is processed, and the processing includes elastic physical quantity calculation and two-dimensional image processing, and the displayed image is an elastic image and two.
  • the dimensional image, or the displayed image can be displayed as an elastic image or a two-dimensional image according to the operator's needs.
  • the region of interest and the shell region are first selected, that is, after obtaining an image such as a two-dimensional image and/or an elastic distribution image, the operator can perform the elastic image according to the elastic image.
  • two-dimensional images are manually drawn or semi-automatically drawn in the system-assisted area and the shell area; then the shell area is analyzed and calculated, in the process, the system provides a series of analysis parameters, and according to the operator selected These parameters automatically calculate and analyze related parameters in the shell area.
  • the shell analysis results are optionally displayed. For example, the system displays the shell analysis results according to the needs of the operator, or the shell analysis results can be stored together when the elastic image is stored. Or you can delete the shell analysis results and display the position change.

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Abstract

一种超声弹性成像系统和方法，系统包括：发射接收模块（11），用于向待检测目标（2）发射超声脉冲，接收待检测目标（2）反射的超声回波信号；成像显示模块（13），用于对接收到的超声回波信号进行信号处理，显示处理后得到的图像（I）；关注分析模块（15），用于检测操作者在所述图像上选择的感兴趣区域（R）和壳区域（S），对参考区域和所述壳区域（S）分别进行弹性参数计算，根据二者的计算结果进行分析并输出分析结果。通过在操作者从图像（I）中选择出感兴趣区域（R）后，再针对其壳区域（S），提取处理其弹性参数，并与其他区域的弹性参数相对比，从而可以提供更多的信息。

Description

超声弹性成像系统和方法 技术领域
本发明涉及超声成像技术，具体涉及一种超声弹性成像系统和方法。
背景技术
超声弹性成像是近年来临床研究关心的热点之一，其主要反映组织的弹性或软硬程度。
弹性超声成像的基本原理是：将探头轻微压缩目标组织或者借助人体自身的呼吸、血管搏动等过程对组织形成一定的压力，获取压缩前、后两帧超声回波信号，组织被压缩时，组织内将产生一个沿压缩方向的应变，如果组织内部杨氏模量分布不均匀，组织内的应变分布也将有所差异，然后通过一些方法检测出组织的应变信息，输出至界面并以弹性图像形式直观显示出来。这种成像方式主要以定性或定量的方法来显示感兴趣区域内的弹性参数，形成弹性分布图像，并利用图像上不同的灰阶或者不同的颜色来区分组织的软硬程度。
但在许多情况下，仅仅显示弹性图像不能满足用户的需求。用户不仅仅要识别出感兴趣目标，还需要对感兴趣目标作进一步的细致分析，从中发现更多信息。比如在某些应用中，病灶周边浸润区的硬度就可能是用户重点关注的对象之一。
发明内容
依据本发明的一方面的一种实施方式，提供一种超声弹性成像系统，包括：发射接收模块，用于向待检测目标发射超声脉冲，接收待检测目标反射的超声回波信号；成像显示模块，用于对接收到的超声回波信号进行信号处理，显示处理后得到的图像；关注分析模块，用于检测操作者在所述图像上选择的感兴趣区域和壳区域，对参考区域和所述壳区域分别进行弹性参数计算，根据二者的计算结果进行分析并输出分析结果，所述壳区域是指所述感兴趣区域扩张后的扩张区域去除掉所述感兴趣区域后而得到的区域，或者所述壳区域是指所述感兴趣区域去除掉所述感兴趣区域缩小后的缩小区域后而得到的区域，所述参考区域为所述感兴趣区域，或者所述参考区域为检测到的操作者在所述图像上选择的参考 区域，或者所述参考区域为系统预先设置的区域。
依据本发明的另一方面的一种实施方式，提供一种超声弹性成像方法，包括：发射接收步骤：向待检测目标发射超声脉冲，接收待检测目标反射的超声回波信号；成像显示步骤：对接收到的超声回波信号进行信号处理，显示处理后得到的图像；关注分析步骤：检测操作者在所述图像上选择的感兴趣区域和壳区域，对参考区域和所述壳区域分别进行弹性参数计算，根据二者的计算结果进行分析并输出分析结果，所述壳区域是指所述感兴趣区域扩张后的扩张区域去除掉所述感兴趣区域后而得到的区域，或者所述壳区域是指所述感兴趣区域去除掉所述感兴趣区域缩小后的缩小区域而得到的区域，所述参考区域为所述感兴趣区域，或者所述参考区域为检测到的操作者在所述图像上选择的参考区域，或者所述参考区域为系统预先设置的区域。
依据本发明的超声弹性成像系统或方法，通过在操作者从图像中选择出感兴趣区域后，再针对其shell区域，将其弹性参数提取处理，并与其他区域的弹性参数相对比，从而可以提供更多的信息。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1的超声弹性成像系统的结构示意图；
图2为本发明一种实施例中将感兴趣区域扩大而得到shell区域的示意图；
图3为本发明一种实施例中将感兴趣区域扩大而得到shell区域的示意图。
图4为本发明一种实施例中绘制shell区域和参考区域的示意图；
图5为本发明一种实施例中shell分析时直方图统计示意图；
图6为实施例1的超声弹性成像系统的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为满足用户更深层次的用户需求，本发明根据感兴趣区域来选取出重点关注区，并对其作细致分析，从而提供更多的信息。
下面通过具体实施方式结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。
实施例1
如图1所示，本实施例的超声弹性成像系统包括发射接收模块11、 成像显示模块13和关注分析模块15。
在发射接收模块11中，超声探头根据发射序列控制单元设定好的扫描规则向待检测目标2发射特殊的脉冲序列，并接收待检测目标2反射的超声回波信号。
在成像显示模块13中，对接收到的超声回波信号进行信号处理，显示处理后得到的图像。在本实施例中，成像显示模块13将接收到的回波信号经过波束合成处理后，送入二维图像处理单元进行处理，并显示处理得到的人体组织的灰阶图像(即二维图像)。另一种实施例中，模块13还可以增加本领域技术人员所熟知的其它处理操作，例如信号放大、模数转换、正交分解等。成像显示模块13中涉及的波束合成、二维图像处理等均可采用相关的超声技术实现，在此不作详述。
在关注分析模块15中，检测操作者在显示的图像上选择的感兴趣区域和壳(shell)区域，然后对该感兴趣区域和壳区域分别进行弹性参数计算，根据二者的计算结果进行分析并输出分析结果。shell区域为重点关注区，是与感兴趣区域对应的一定范围的区域。例如病灶周边的浸润区。在本实施例中，如图2所示，shell区域S是指图像I的感兴趣区域R扩张后的扩张区域(即边界线SL包围的区域)去除掉感兴趣区域R后而得到的区域，即感兴趣区域边界线RL和边界线SL之间夹着的区域，该区域即为shell区域S，其区域厚度为dS。另一种实施例中，如图3所示，shell区域是指感兴趣区域R去除掉感兴趣区域R缩小后的缩小区域(即边界线SL包围的区域)后而得到的区域，即感兴趣区域边界线RL和边界线SL之间夹着的区域，该区域即为shell区域S，其区域厚度为dS。从图2和图3可以看出，shell区域是感兴趣区域的边界线RL与扩张或缩小后的区域的边界线SL之间的近似环状区域，该区域为重点关注区。
操作者在显示的图像上选择感兴趣区域的方式可以是，操作者通过与系统相连的输入设备，例如轨迹球、触摸屏或者鼠标等，在显示的图像上进行感兴趣区域的框选或者手动绘制。这里，框选是指系统提供框选工具供操作者选择，例如，系统提供椭圆形闭合区域供选择，操作者只需要确定椭圆的长短轴位置及长度，即可轻易绘制出椭圆形闭合区域，系统将该绘制出的区域确定为感兴趣区域。当然系统也可以提供其他形状供选择。框选出的感兴趣区域可以是任意形状大小的目标区域，例如 圆形、矩形、椭圆形等规则几何形状，或者是不规则几何形状。
在得到感兴趣区域后，操作者需要绘制shell区域，如图2或图3所示，shell区域是与感兴趣区域的扩张或缩小相关的区域。类似绘制感兴趣区域的做法，操作者可以选择手动绘制或系统辅助绘制。这里，系统辅助绘制的方法可以是，例如系统提供shell区域是扩张还是缩小的选择，系统提供shell区域的厚度可选，操作只需要确定shell区域是扩张还是缩小，并选择shell区域的厚度，系统即可自动绘制出shell区域。
在得到感兴趣区域和重点关注区(即shell区域)后，对其进行分析计算，通常为计算这些区域的参数，这些参数可以是操作者选定的想要分析的参数，也可以是系统默认设置的参数。参数可以是一些常规测量参数，如面积、直径、距离、体积等，也可以是一些特殊的弹性相关参数，当然，弹性参数根据弹性成像方法的不同，也包括有多种，比如常规按压式弹性成像，弹性参数可为应变、应变比、应变率等等；比如剪切波弹性成像，弹性参数可为剪切波速度、剪切波速度比、杨氏模量、剪切模量、杨氏模量比、剪切模量比、剪切波传播距离等等。在本实施例中，参数包括但不限于：应变与应变比、应变-时间曲线、剪切波速度与剪切波速度比、弹性模量与弹性模量比、弹性直方图统计等等。以下对这些参数进行说明。
对于参数应变与应变比，系统可分别计算出感兴趣区域内(即绘制的感兴趣目标边界线内的区域)的平均应变结果StrainMean_target、以及shell区域内的平均应变结果strainMean_shell，并计算出两者的比值StrainRatio＝StrainMean_target/StrainMean_shell。当然计算比值时，也可计算为StrainRatio＝StrainMean_shell/StrainMean_target。只需要在系统中标注清楚分子和分母即可。该应变比值可反映出感兴趣区域与其shell区域之间的弹性差异或软硬差异的程度。在一定的压力下，组织应变值越大，意味着其硬度越小。
当然，系统也可以分别计算出两者应变率(即应变随时间的变化率)、和/或应变率的比值。
在另一种实施例中，如图4所示，系统还可另外绘制一个参考区域(如图所示的由边界线CL围成的区域)，计算出shell区域S内以及参考区域内的平均应变或应变率结果，并计算出两者的应变比或应变率比值。
对于参数应变-时间曲线，系统可分别计算出一段时间长度内的各个时刻的感兴趣区域内的平均应变结果StrainMean_target、以及shell区域内的平均应变结果StrainMean_shell，形成两条应变-时间曲线。通过显示这两条应变-时间曲线，可以分析感兴趣目标区域与其shell区之间的弹性差异，并研究其在一段时间内的稳定性。
在另一种实施例中，如图4所示，系统还可另外绘制一个参考区域，计算出shell区域内以及参考区域内的应变-时间曲线。
对于参数剪切波速度与剪切波速度比，系统可分别计算出感兴趣目标区域内的平均剪切波速度SpeedMean_target、以及shell区域内的平均剪切波速度SpeedMean_shell，并计算出两者的比值SpeedRatio,该比值可反映出感兴趣目标区域与其shell区之间的弹性差异或软硬差异的程度。一般来说，组织的剪切波速度越大，意味着其硬度越大。
在另一种实施例中，如图4所示，系统还可另外绘制一个参考区域，计算出shell区域内以及参考区域内的剪切波速度与剪切波速度比。
对于参数弹性模量与弹性模量比，系统可分别计算出感兴趣目标区域内的平均弹性模量结果ElastoMean_target、以及shell区域内的平均弹性模量ElastoMean_shell，并计算出两者的比值ElatoRatio,该比值可反映出感兴趣目标区域与其shell区之间的弹性差异或软硬差异的程度。一般来说，组织的弹性模量越大，意味着其硬度越大。
弹性模量包括杨氏模量、剪切模量等。
在按压式弹性成像系统中，杨氏模量E与应变的关系遵守胡克定律：stress＝E*strain，其中stress表示探头施加的应力，strain表示所得的应变。
在剪切波弹性成像系统中，杨氏模量E与剪切波速度的关系近似为：E＝3ρ*Cs 2，其中ρ表示组织密度，Cs表示所得的剪切波速度。
剪切模量G与剪切波速度的关系近似为：G＝ρ*Cs。
在另一种实施例中，如图4所示，系统还可另外绘制一个参考区域，计算出shell区域内以及参考区域内的弹性模量与弹性模量比。
对于参数弹性直方图统计，由于弹性图像是以灰阶或者颜色来反映组织间的硬度差异，因此统计各个局部区域的灰阶或颜色分布，可以从另一个侧面反映局部组织的硬度。
如图5所示，系统可分别计算出感兴趣区域内与shell区域内的直方 图统计结果，并同时绘制在同一个或者不同的坐标下，其中，横坐标为弹性图像映射使用的图谱。纵坐标为统计区域内的像素点数目或相对百分比。直方图分布图的横坐标为当前弹性图像映射的图谱(系统可提供多种图谱供选择)，纵坐标为统计区域内的像素点数目或相对百分比。直方图分布图的范围越窄，意味着统计区域内组织的硬度分布越集中。直方图分布图在横坐标上越接近某个颜色，意味着统计区域内组织的硬度越接近该种颜色对应的硬度。除了直方图分布图外，直方图结果还包括统计意义上的最大值、最小值、均值、标准差等。
此外，如图4所示，系统还可另外绘制一个参考区域，计算出shell区域内以及参考区域内的直方图分布。
以上通过将shell区域和感兴趣区域或参考区域的弹性参数进行分析，可以得到shell区域(即重点关注区)的弹性情况，一种实施例中，系统可以根据关注分析模块得到的分析参数，显示相应的结果。比如用户选择计算了shell区与感兴趣区域之间的平均应变值以及应变比，则将所计算的应变结果、应变比显示在界面上。又一种实施例中，当操作者存储当前的弹性图像时，其shell分析结果也可一并存储在当前图像上。当然操作者还可以对当前shell分析结果进行删除，或者显示位置变换等操作。
基于以上的系统，一种实施例中还提供了超声弹性成像方法，包括如下步骤：
发射接收步骤，在该步骤中，向待检测目标发射超声脉冲，接收待检测目标反射的超声回波信号；
成像显示步骤，在该步骤中，对接收到的超声回波信号进行信号处理，显示处理后得到的图像；
关注分析步骤，在该步骤中，检测操作者在显示的图像上选择的感兴趣区域和壳区域，对参考区域和壳区域分别进行弹性参数计算，根据二者的计算结果进行分析并输出分析结果，壳区域是指感兴趣区域扩张后的扩张区域去除掉感兴趣区域后而得到的区域，或者壳区域是指感兴趣区域去除掉所述感兴趣区域缩小后的缩小区域而得到的区域，参考区域为感兴趣区域，或者参考区域为检测到的操作者在显示的图像上选择的参考区域，或者参考区域为系统预先设置的区域。
其中，成像显示步骤包括：二维图像处理子步骤和二维图像显示子 步骤；在二维图像处理子步骤中，对接收到的超声回波信号进行处理，获得二维图像；在二维图像显示子步骤中，显示处理得到的二维图像。
该方法的具体处理过程参考前述的相应模块，此处不做重述。
本实施例提供的超声弹性成像系统可以在操作者从图像中选择出感兴趣区域后，再针对其shell区域，将其弹性参数提取处理，并与其他区域的弹性参数相对比，从而可以提供更多的信息。
实施例2
如图6所示，本实施例的超声弹性成像系统包括发射接收模块61、成像显示模块63和关注分析模块65。其中，发射接收模块61和关注分析模块65分别类似于实施例1的发射接收模块11和关注分析模块15，在此不作重述。
在成像显示模块63中，将接收到的回波信号经过波束合成处理后，送入弹性物理量计算单元进行处理，并显示处理得到的弹性图像。另一种实施例中，模块63还可以增加本领域技术人员所熟知的其它处理操作，例如信号放大、模数转换、正交分解等。成像显示模块63中涉及的波束合成、弹性物理量计算等均可采用相关的超声技术实现，在此不作详述。显然，本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于，本实施例的关注分析模块65在选择感兴趣区域和shell区域时是在弹性图像上进行的，而实施例1则是在二维图像上进行选择。
基于本实施例的系统，一种实施例提供了对应的超声弹性成像方法，具体过程类似前述实施例1中的方法实施例，不同在于，成像显示步骤包括的是弹性物理量计算子步骤和弹性图像显示子步骤，其中在弹性物理量计算子步骤中，对接收到的超声回波信号进行处理，计算反应待检测目标的弹性的物理量，根据该物理量生成相应的弹性图像；在弹性图像显示子步骤中，显示弹性图像。
可以理解的是，采用本实施例，则在关注分析模块65时，可以减少关于感兴趣区域的弹性参数方面的计算量。
实施例3
本实施例的超声弹性成像系统实际上是将实施例1和实施例2结合而得，即超声弹性成像系统同样包括发射接收模块、成像显示模块和关注分析模块。其中发射接收模块和关注分析模块分别类似于实施例1的发射接收模块11和关注分析模块15或者类似于实施例2的发射接收模 块61和关注分析模块65，在此不作重述。而成像显示模块则同时包括了实施例1和实施例2的特点，即接收到的超声回波信号进行处理，该处理包括弹性物理量计算以及二维图像处理，所显示的图像为弹性图像和二维图像，或者所显示的图像可根据操作者需要显示为弹性图像或者二维图像。
综上各实施例可知，本发明的超声弹性成像方法或系统中，首先选定感兴趣区域和shell区域，即在获得图像比如二维图像和/或弹性分布图像后，操作者可依据弹性图像或二维图像手动绘制或在系统辅助下半自动绘制感兴趣区域和shell区域；然后对shell区域进行分析计算，在该过程中，系统提供一系列分析参数可选，并根据操作者选定的某些参数，自动对shell区域进行相关参数计算分析；最后可选地显示shell分析计算结果，例如系统根据操作者的需要，显示shell分析结果，或者当存储弹性图像时，shell分析结果可一并存储，又或者还可以对shell分析结果进行删除、显示位置变换等操作。
以上应用了具体个例对本发明进行阐述，只是用于帮助理解本发明并不用以限制本发明。对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，可以对上述具体实施方式进行变化。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种超声弹性成像系统，其特征在于，包括：
    发射接收模块，用于向待检测目标发射超声脉冲，接收待检测目标反射的超声回波信号；
    成像显示模块，用于对接收到的超声回波信号进行信号处理，显示处理后得到的图像；
    关注分析模块，用于检测操作者在所述图像上选择的感兴趣区域和壳区域，对参考区域和所述壳区域分别进行弹性参数计算，根据二者的计算结果进行分析并输出分析结果，其中，所述壳区域是指所述感兴趣区域扩张后的扩张区域去除掉所述感兴趣区域后而得到的区域，或者所述壳区域是指所述感兴趣区域去除掉所述感兴趣区域缩小后的缩小区域后而得到的区域，所述参考区域为所述感兴趣区域，或者所述参考区域为检测到的操作者在所述图像上选择的供参考的区域，或者所述参考区域为系统预先设置的区域。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述成像显示模块包括：
    弹性物理量计算单元，用于对接收到的超声回波信号进行处理，计算反应待检测目标的弹性的物理量，根据该物理量生成相应的弹性图像；
    弹性图像显示单元，用于显示所述弹性图像。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的系统，其特征在于，所述成像显示模块还包括：
    二维图像处理单元，用于对接收到的超声回波信号进行处理，获得二维图像；
    二维图像显示单元，用于显示所述二维图像。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的系统，其特征在于，所述弹性参数依据弹性成像方法的不同而定；当所述弹性成像方法为常规按压式弹性成像方法时，所述弹性参数包括应变、应变比和应变率中的一种或其组合；当所述弹性成像方法为剪切波弹性成像方法时，所述弹性参数包括剪切波速度、剪切波速度比、杨氏模量、剪切模量、杨氏模量比、剪切模量比和剪切波传播距离中的一种或其组合；所述分析结果包括应变与应变比、应变-时间曲线、剪切波速度与剪切波速度比、弹性模量与弹性模量比、以及弹性直方图统计中的一种或其组合。
  5. 如权利要求1-4任一项所述的系统，其特征在于，还包括：
    关注显示模块，用于显示所述关注分析模块输出的分析结果；
    和/或，
    存储模块，用于存储所述成像显示模块显示的图像和/或所述关注分析模块输出的分析结果。
  6. 一种超声弹性成像方法，其特征在于，包括：
    发射接收步骤：向待检测目标发射超声脉冲，接收待检测目标反射的超声回波信号；
    成像显示步骤：对接收到的超声回波信号进行信号处理，显示处理后得到的图像；
    关注分析步骤：检测操作者在所述图像上选择的感兴趣区域和壳区域，对参考区域和所述壳区域分别进行弹性参数计算，根据二者的计算结果进行分析并输出分析结果，所述壳区域是指所述感兴趣区域扩张后的扩张区域去除掉所述感兴趣区域后而得到的区域，或者所述壳区域是指所述感兴趣区域去除掉所述感兴趣区域缩小后的缩小区域而得到的区域，所述参考区域为所述感兴趣区域，或者所述参考区域为检测到的操作者在所述图像上选择的参考区域，或者所述参考区域为系统预先设置的区域。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述成像显示步骤包括：弹性物理量计算子步骤和弹性图像显示子步骤；
    其中，
    在所述弹性物理量计算子步骤中，对接收到的超声回波信号进行处理，计算反应待检测目标的弹性的物理量，根据该物理量生成相应的弹性图像；
    在所述弹性图像显示子步骤中，显示所述弹性图像。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述成像显示步骤还包括：二维图像处理子步骤和二维图像显示子步骤；
    其中，
    在所述二维图像处理子步骤中，对接收到的超声回波信号进行处理，获得二维图像；
    在所述二维图像显示子步骤中，显示所述二维图像。
  9. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述弹性参数依据弹性成像方法的不同而定；当所述弹性成像方法为常规按压式弹性成像方法时，所述弹性参数包括应变、应变比和应变率中的一种或其组合；当所述弹性成像方法为剪切波弹性成像方法时，所述弹性参数包括剪切波速度、剪切波速度比、杨氏模量、剪切模量、杨氏模量比、剪切模量比和剪切波传播距离中的一种或其组合；所述分析结果包括应变与应变比、应变-时间曲线、剪切波速度与剪切波速度比、弹性模量与弹性模量比、以及弹性直方图统计中的一种或其组合。
  10. 如权利要求6-9任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    关注显示步骤：显示所述关注分析步骤输出的分析结果；
    和/或，
    存储步骤：存储所述成像显示步骤显示的图像和/或所述关注分析步骤输出的分析结果。
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