WO2017016665A1

WO2017016665A1 - Gearbox and vibration generator having a lubricating-fluid distributor

Info

Publication number: WO2017016665A1
Application number: PCT/EP2016/001306
Authority: WO
Inventors: Robert Weinand; Herman DE JONG
Original assignee: Schenck Process Gmbh
Priority date: 2015-07-30
Filing date: 2016-07-28
Publication date: 2017-02-02
Also published as: DE102015009697A1; DE102015009697B4; AU2016299064A1; AU2016299064B2

Abstract

The invention relates to a gearbox, comprising a housing (3), which supports at least one shaft (5) by means of at least one bearing (12), wherein the housing (3) has a bearing housing (9), in which the bearing (12) is inserted, and in which bearing housing (9) at least one lubricating-fluid collecting and conducting pocket (10) formed as a cut-out or recess is present, wherein the lubricating-fluid collecting and conducting pocket (10) and a lubricating-fluid distributor in the form of a distributor ring (19) are in an operative relation with each other in such a way that targeted guidance of lubricating fluid to the bearing (12) is forced. The invention further relates to a vibration generator (2) for a vibration machine (1), such as a vibratory conveyor and/or a vibratory sieve, comprising such a gearbox of the type according to the invention.

Description

Transmission and vibrator with lubricating fluid distributor

The invention relates to a transmission with a housing which supports at least one bearing by means of at least one bearing, wherein the housing has a bearing bell, in which the example. Formed as a rolling or plain bearing mounted / inserted, is pressed about, and wherein in the Bearing bell is formed at least one formed as a recess or depression lubricating fluid collecting and Leittasche.

The invention relates generally to gearboxes in which gears, such as spur gears are mounted on shafts. In particular, such transmissions are used in vibration exciters for vibrating machines, which are designed as vibrating conveyor or vibrating screens. The invention therefore also relates to vibration exciters for such vibrating machines, namely vibrating conveyors and / or vibrating screens and such a vibrating machine.

Compared with the use of unbalance motors vibration exciters, preferably Richterreger or circular exciter have the advantage of being able to initiate defined power flows and defined mechanical loads in a vibrating machine. The

Vibration data are independent of loads due to the bulk material.

The mounted in a cast housing bearings and gears of a vibrator are usually oil lubricated, about Öltauchgeschmiert. The maintenance is usually limited to an occasional oil level check or an oil change at prescribed time intervals. At standstill, the imbalance masses / imbalance weights can be changed by installing and removing additional masses. In this case, imbalances of steel or lead can be compensated. The vibration generator is usually driven via a propeller shaft by a standard electric motor from the outside. For vibration exciters suitable maintenance-free drive shafts are available. If required, braking devices can be used for the reduction of outflow vibrations and frequency converters for the stepless variation of the centrifugal forces, and thus the delivery rate.

CONFIRMATION COPY Vibration exciters in the form of excitatory exciters generate a force F with a sinusoidal course, which acts along a line. A Richterregger has two waves aligned with imbalance masses. These imbalance masses are synchronized by the built-in gear transmission to the opposite direction at the same speed. The acting in the direction of the aforementioned line components of the centrifugal forces of the imbalance masses add up to a resultant force. The components occurring perpendicular to the aforementioned line cancel each other out.

In contrast, the imbalance masses of a vibration exciter in the form of a circular exciter, also called excitation cell, run around the central axis of a circular housing of the exciter or exciter cell and generate centrifugal forces whose vector rotates at the operating frequency.

Overall, vibration exciters are economical and offer a powerful drive, even with high required power. They have a long excitement life and a high running smoothness. Only a small amount of maintenance is caused by them. The noise level caused by them is very low. It is advantageous that such devices have a 98 percent availability that predestines them for use in continuous operation.

In the US 2,368,963 A, for example, a transmission is disclosed from the automotive sector, in which the shaft is mounted by means of two bearings in a bearing bell and in which provided for the supply of the lubricating fluid from a lubricating fluid sump to the bearings, a channel in the housing, this channel is provided with a radial bore, and in order to limit the supply of lubricating fluid to the bearings in turn a sleeve is provided.

Also known from US 2011/0064344 A1is, for example, a transmission in which the shaft is mounted by means of two bearings in a bearing bell and in which the corresponding bearing element has a lubricating fluid reservoir with two legs, in the region of the bearing body opening for the supply of the lubricating fluid have the bearing.

Due to the limited installation space of the present transmission, it is not possible to provide such lubricating fluid reservoirs in the region of the bearing. It is the object of the invention to provide an improvement here. The disadvantages of the prior art should be remedied, or at least mitigated. In particular, it is the object to effect a forced guidance of oil, which is frequently used as lubricating fluid, which leads to a long-lasting vibration exciter design. Gear per se should be more durable, but still be inexpensive to produce.

This object is achieved in a generic device according to the invention in that the lubricating fluid collecting and Leittasche and a lubricating fluid distributor in the form of a distributor ring are in operative relationship with each other that a targeted lubricating fluid guide is forced to the camp.

A transmission, a vibration generator usually includes a bearing housing, a shaft and two bearings, which are usually similar, so both are designed as rolling or sliding bearings. Of course, a combination of a rolling bearing with a plain bearing is conceivable.

In the housing there is also a lubricating fluid sump in which a rotating driver engages and distributes the lubricating fluid during operation of the transmission within the bearing housing.

Especially in the case of exciters, gears, such as spur gears, are mounted on the shafts, such as spur gears or helical gears. These gears serve as drivers and take the lubricating fluid from the lubricating fluid sump and throw it to the underside of a housing cover, from which it drips back onto the shaft, the sides of the housing or bearings. Usually, such gears are inserted between the two bearings. In Richterregern it is common to use two shafts, which are mounted on two identical bearings, wherein between each of these bearings on each shaft a spur gear is mounted, which meshes with the attached to the other shaft spur gear. Since exciter exciters are often attached in an inclined position to vibrating machines, only the lower of the two gears engages in the lubricating fluid sump. The lubrication of the upper gear and the associated shaft and bearing must be done via a suitable lubricating fluid guide in the housing. By the use of the lubricating fluid distributor ring at a suitable location dripping lubricating fluid is spent targeted to non-lubricating parts of the bearing over in a region of the bearing to be lubricated. Thus, a fail-safe operation of the transmission or the vibration exciter is ensured over a long period of use.

Since the space of the housing or transmission in the longitudinal direction of the shaft is very limited, it is of great advantage to use a distributor ring whose thickness is low. This means that the dimensions of the distributor ring in the longitudinal direction of the shaft are very small compared to the dimensions of the bearing.

Advantageously, the distributor ring on the outer diameter has one or more recesses, which form an opening in the lubricating fluid collecting and conducting pockets between the outer ring of the bearing and a retaining ring. Advantageous embodiments are claimed in the subclaims and are explained in more detail below.

It is advantageous if a plurality of lubricating fluid collecting and guide pockets are arranged distributed over the circumference of the bearing bell. Dripping lubricating fluid can then be efficiently spent to storage. To be able to resort to proven lubricants, it is advantageous if oil is used as a lubricating fluid, such as mineral oil.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the lubricating fluid distributor ring is designed as a separate component from the bearing and from the bearing bell. The assembly is thereby facilitated.

Lubrication and positive conduction are enhanced when the lubricating fluid distribution ring is disposed within, or adjacent to, the lubrication fluid collection and routing pocket. This means that the recesses located on the distributor ring are radially aligned with the lubricating fluid collecting and guiding pockets. Or differently, that the edges of the recesses of the distribution ring are arranged within the defined by the housing wall recesses for the lubricating fluid collecting and Leittaschen. In this case, the lubricating fluid distributor ring is more than twice, preferably three times its thickness of an axial removed from the bearing edge of the lubricating fluid collecting and guiding pocket. A targeted oil routing is then simplified.

In order to secure the bearing and at the same time to make the lubricating fluid guide efficient, it is advantageous if the lubricating fluid distributor ring between an outer ring of the bearing, such as a bearing outer shell / a bearing outer ring and a retaining ring / snap ring is arranged.

Again, it has been found to be advantageous if the retaining ring is arranged in or on the lubricating fluid collecting and guiding pocket, for example adjacent thereto. An advantageous embodiment is also characterized in that the distributor ring on its side facing away from the bearing has a lubricating fluid guide surface inclined to the longitudinal axis of the bearing. A one-sided or two-sided wedge surface is advantageous. Also, a spherical, curved, convex or concave configuration of the lubricating fluid guide surface may be useful.

In order for the lubricating fluid to disengage well from the distributor ring, it is advantageous if a drip edge for lubricating fluid is formed on the distributor ring. Although the distributor ring can then also form a drip edge at the end, it is of particular advantage if the drip edge is formed by the radially inner edge of the distributor ring. A manufacture of the ring can then be easily made, especially if it is made of metal, such as a steel alloy.

When the drip edge is disposed at the radial height of rolling elements or a bearing gap, i. Preferably, axially adjacent to the rolling elements or the bearing gap, due to two sliding partners, is arranged, the lubricating fluid can be supplied to the partners to be lubricated as quickly as possible, so that a damage to the partners is avoided. The drip edge then ends next to the rolling elements or the bearing gap.

Furthermore, webs and / or drip edges can be provided in the housing, which guide the targeted guidance of the driver by a driver to the housing inner wall. hurled and effect on the housing inner wall in the direction of the lubricating fluid sump back flowing lubricating fluid.

Advantageously, a drip edge is provided on the underside of the housing cover. This causes the lubricant fluid flowing along the underside of the housing cover and in the direction of the lubricating fluid sump to drip or be introduced into a region of the bearing bell facing away from the lubricating fluid sump.

Furthermore, webs are arranged in the interior of the bearing housing, which prevent the direct return flow of the lubricating fluid into the lubricating fluid sump and effect a forced guidance of the lubricating fluid to the shaft or bearings.

The invention particularly relates to a vibration generator for a vibrating machine, such as a vibrating conveyor and / or a vibrating screen, with a transmission according to the invention.

The invention also relates to such a vibrating machine with such a vibration exciter.

The special feature of the invention is that an angle-independent solution is made available, so regardless of the installation situation always a good lubricating effect is achieved on the arrangement of the lubricating fluid distributor ring. While otherwise was set to holes that serve with appropriate rotation or inclined arrangement of the transmission or the vibration exciter, rather than expiration than as an inlet, is now always a uniform, good and efficient

Lubricant supply guaranteed.

Judge exciters can be placed in any position on a vibrating machine, preferably at an angle of about 45 ° to the horizontal, but also vertical and overhead positions are common. As a result, prior art bearings which are to be supplied with lubricating fluid can not be used. This can be seen, for example, in rolling element bearings, which ensure the lubricant fluid supply via a groove in the outer ring and radial bores arranged therein. These measures are used to ensure a lubricating fluid supply. The arbitrary arrangement of the judge would that Lubricating fluid drain in the holes below, but this is undesirable. Conventional constructive solutions - which then close these holes according to the arrangement position of the exciter - are very expensive. However, the invention makes it possible to dispense with otherwise expensive solutions, such as the use of pumps and nozzles.

Advantageously, a second ring is arranged on the side of the bearing opposite the distributor ring and / or between the outer ring of the bearing and a side cover. As a result, an additional lubricating fluid sump is formed by means of the second ring, the distributor ring and the outer ring of the bearing. This additional lubricating fluid sump is maintained during the standstill of the vibrator in the lower region of the bearing.

The invention will be explained in more detail with the aid of a drawing, in which a first embodiment is shown in more detail. FIG. 2 shows an enlargement of the region II from FIG. 1 with a vibration exciter, FIG.

3 is a perspective view of the vibration exciter, Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the vibration exciter with disassembled

Cover,

5 shows a further perspective view with a schematically represented direction of rotation of toothed wheels mounted on shafts and meshing with one another,

6 is a perspective, shown in partial section housing training, 7 is a side view of the vibration generator, as it is mounted on the vibrating machine in operation, with contained in the housing lubricating fluid sump,

8 is an enlarged, partially cutaway and perspective view of the

Transition region of the housing to the shaft bearing bearing with lubricating fluid collecting and Leittaschen,

Fig. 9 is a side view of the area of some of the lubricating fluid collecting and

Leittaschen, and

Fig. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view in the region of a rolling bearing, which is seen between a bearing bell and a shaft seen in the radial direction and axially disposed between a side cover and a gear, with bearing mounted lubricating fluid distributor ring.

1 shows a partial section of the vibration generator along a section line Xl-Xl shown in Fig. 10

The figures are merely schematic in nature and are only for the understanding of the invention. The same elements are provided with the same reference numerals.

In Fig. 1, a vibrating machine 1 is shown, on which a vibration exciter in the form of a Richterregers 2, which has a housing 3, is fixed. The vibration exciter 2 causes an excitation in the direction of an arrow 4 is caused. In Fig. 2, the vibration generator 2 is shown with its housing 3 in an enlarged view. It can be seen that two shafts 5 are used, on which imbalance weights / imbalance masses 6, which can also be referred to as vibration segments, are attached.

The overall structure of the vibration exciter in a perspective view, it is apparent from Fig. 3, which visualizes that on each shaft 5 four unbalance weights 6 are present, with two each on one side of the housing 3 are present. The housing 3 is closed with a cover 7, so that each shaft 5 associated gear 8 is removed from view.

With respect to the gear 8, reference is made to FIG. 5. However, a look into the interior is already possible in FIG. 4. Thus, the housing 3 is divided into two parts, such that each part of the housing 3 has two bearing lugs 9, which could also be referred to as bearing flanges. In the bearing blocks 9 lubricating fluid collection and -Leittaschen 10 are formed. At the lubricating fluid collecting and Leittaschen 10 can form 11 formed by the housing 3 webs.

There are lubricating fluid collecting and Leittaschen-free areas on the bearing bell 9, ie those areas in which with a uniform distribution of the lubricating fluid collecting and Leittaschen 10 some of the lubricating fluid collecting and Leittaschen 10 are missing. The lubricating fluid collection and guide pockets 10 are channel-like and thus form in the radial direction aligned and open in the axial direction grooves. They are formed by the casting material of the housing 3. They are urgeformt, but can also be introduced milling.

The shafts 5 are mounted on bearings 12, as they are also indicated in Fig. 5. The respective bearing 12 is designed as a roller bearing, in particular (pendulum) roller, barrel or ball bearings. The rolling elements are identified by the reference numeral 13.

In Fig. 6, the bearing blocks 9, for receiving the bearings 12 are clearly visible. Also, axially projecting through them lubricating fluid guide channels 14, as

Through holes, in particular on the type of holes are formed to recognize. They control a lubricating fluid balance. There is so much lubricating fluid contained in the housing 3, namely (mineral) oil, that forms a lubricating fluid sump 15.

The two gears 8 are in mesh with each other. The gears 8 have on their outer side a toothing 16, namely a straight or helical external teeth. Due to the rotation of the shafts 5 and the teeth Wheels 8, which serve as a driver, lubricating fluid in the interior of the housing 3 is distributed.

The lubricating fluid can then, for example, guided by the webs 11 or by gravity or due to Zentripetalkraftbedingt, by the lubricating fluid collecting and Leittaschen 10, as can be seen well in Fig. 8, get into the interior of the bearing bell 9. Here, the lubricating fluid collecting and conducting pockets 10 open onto the peripheral surface 17 of a lubricating fluid distributor ring 19 and on the peripheral surface 18 of a securing ring 20. It is advantageous if a web 11 opens centrally into a lubricating fluid collecting and guiding pocket 10, ie is arranged centrally in her, that defines an axially aligned projection in the interior of the channel. It can then get lubricating fluid from both sides in the lubricating fluid collecting and Leittasche 10. The lubricating fluid distribution ring 19 has, as can be clearly seen in Fig. 9, just as in Fig. 10, a radially inner edge 21 which acts as a drip edge 22.

A radially outer peripheral surface of the lubricating fluid distributor ring 19 is arranged radially further inward, as a peripheral surface of the securing ring 20. Between a bearing outer ring 23 and a bearing inner ring 24 of the bearing 12, the roller or barrel-shaped rolling elements 13 are arranged. On an outer side of the housing 3, a side cover 25 acts together with a seal 26, such as a labyrinth seal and a felt ring 27 sealingly, wherein axially further bearing side a spray plate 28 is present. Also, a spacer sleeve 29 is disposed on the side facing away from the disc 12 of the bearing, between the gear 8 and the bearing inner ring 24, radially within the distributor ring 19 and the locking ring 20. The radially inner edge 21 of the distributor ring 19 is arranged radially further inside than a radially inner edge of the securing ring 20. Lubricating fluid thus passes along the lubricating fluid collecting and guiding pocket 10, penetrates between the securing ring 20 and the bearing outer ring 23 on the gear-side surface of the wedge-shaped lubricating fluid distributor ring 19, and drips in the region of the drip edge 22 in order to supply the rolling elements 13 , From Fig. 11, the arrangement of the distributor ring 19 with respect to the lubricating fluid collecting and conducting pockets 10 and relative to the bearing 12 becomes clear. The distribution ring 19 shown here has distributed over its circumference, recesses 30, which correspond to the collecting guide pockets 10 in the bearing bell 9. In this case, the edges of the recesses 30 are within the limits of the collecting guide pockets 10, so that a targeted guidance of the lubricating fluid is ensured to the recesses 30 out. The lower boundary of the recesses 30 in turn corresponds to the opening of the bearing, preferably the opening between the bearing outer ring 17 and rolling elements 13, in which the lubricating fluid to be initiated for the purpose of optimal lubrication of the bearing. Alternatively, a distribution ring 19 could be provided with circumferential continuous edge. However, this would then end at the height of the aforementioned opening, so that it in turn can act as a drip edge.

Numeral list vibrating machine

vibration exciter

casing

excitation direction

wave

Imbalance weight / imbalance mass

cover

gear

bearing bell

Lubricating fluid collecting and guiding bag

web

camp

rolling elements

Lubricating fluid-guiding channel

Lubricating fluid sump

gearing

Peripheral surface of the lubricating fluid distributor ring Peripheral surface of the retaining ring

distribution ring

circlip

radially inner edge of the lubricating fluid distributor ring drip edge

Bearing outer ring

Bearing inner ring

side cover

poetry

felt ring

splasher

Stand Off

Recess on the lubricating fluid distributor ring

Drip edge on the housing

Claims

claims

1. A transmission having a housing (3) which supports at least one shaft (5) by means of at least one bearing (12), wherein the housing (3) has a bearing bell (9) into which the bearing (12) is inserted in the bearing bell (9) at least one formed as a recess or depression lubricating fluid collection and guide pocket (10) is present, characterized in that a lubricating fluid distributor in the form of a distributor ring (19) is provided, which with the lubricating fluid Working and Leittasche is in operative relationship that a targeted lubricating fluid guide is enforced towards the bearing (12) out.

2. Transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that the distributor ring (19) is designed on the outer diameter with one or more recesses in the lubricating fluid collection and guide pockets (10) has an opening between the outer ring of the bearing (12) and forming a locking ring (20) and thus ensure a lubricating fluid guide to the bearing (12).

3. Transmission according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of lubricating fluid collecting and guide pockets (10) over the circumference of the bearing bell (9) are arranged distributed.

4. Transmission according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distributor ring (19) as a bearing (12) and of the bearing bell (9) separate component is formed.

5. Transmission according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the recess of the distributor ring (19) in the radial direction with the lubricating fluid collection and guide pocket (10) is aligned.

6. Transmission according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distributor ring (19) between an outer ring of the bearing (12) and a securing ring (20) is arranged.

7. Transmission according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a second ring on the distributor ring (19) opposite side of the bearing (12) and / or between the outer ring (23) of the bearing (12) and a side cover (25) is arranged.

8. A transmission according to claim 7, characterized in that an additional lubricating fluid sump is formed by the second ring, the distributor ring (19) and the outer ring (23) of the bearing (12).

9. Transmission according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the securing ring (20) in the axial direction within the Schmierfluid id collecting and Leittasche (10) is arranged or that in the bearing bell (9) has an annular groove for the retaining ring ( 20) in the region of the lubricating fluid collection and guide pocket (10) is provided.

0. Transmission according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distributor ring (19) on its side facing away from the bearing has a longitudinal axis of the bearing (12) inclined lubricating fluid guide surface.

1. Transmission according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a drip edge (22) for lubricating fluid on the distributor ring (19) is formed and / or a drip edge (22) through the radially inner edge of the lubricating fluid distributor ring (19) is formed.

2. Transmission according to claim 10, characterized in that the drip edge (22) is arranged at the radial height of rolling elements (13) or at the radial height of a bearing gap.

3. vibration generator (2) for a vibrating machine (1) with a transmission according to one of claims 1 to 12.