DE102015009697B4 - Gearbox with oil baffle pocket combinations and directional exciter with lubricating fluid distributor ring - Google Patents

Abstract

Transmission with a housing (3), - which supports at least one shaft (5) by means of at least one bearing (12), - wherein the housing (3) has a bearing bell (9), - in which the bearing (12) is inserted, - With at least one lubricating fluid collecting and guiding pocket (10) formed as a recess or depression being present in the bearing bell (9), - and the lubricating fluid collecting and guiding pocket (10) and a lubricating fluid distributor ring (19) as above are in operative relationship that a targeted lubrication fluid guidance to the bearing (12) is forced, characterized in that the lubricating fluid distributor ring (19) is designed on the outer diameter with at least one recess, which in the lubricating fluid collecting and -Guide pocket (10) forms an opening between an outer bearing ring (23) and a locking ring (20), with a plurality of lubricating fluid collecting and -guide pockets (10) being distributed over the circumference of the bearing bell (9).

Description

The invention relates to a transmission with a housing that supports at least one shaft by means of at least one bearing, the housing having a bearing bell in which the bearing, for example designed as a roller or plain bearing, is fastened / inserted, for example, pressed in, and in which Bearing bell there is at least one lubricating fluid collection and guide pocket designed as a recess or recess and the lubricant collection and guide pocket and a lubricating fluid distributor ring are in an operative relationship with one another in such a way that a targeted lubricant flow to the bearing is forced.

The invention basically relates to transmissions in which gears, such as spur gears, are mounted on shafts. In particular, such gears are used in directional exciters for vibrating machines. Such vibrating machines are designed as vibrating conveyors or vibrating screens. The invention therefore also relates to directional exciters for such vibrating machines, namely vibrating conveyors and / or vibrating screens and such a vibrating machine.

From the U.S. 2,368,963 A , US 2011/0064344 A1 and the JP 2013 024 283 A a gearbox with a housing is already known, which supports a shaft by means of two bearings, the housing having a bearing bell in which the bearings are inserted, with a lubricating fluid collection and guide pocket formed as a recess or depression being present in the bearing bell is, wherein the lubricating fluid collection and guide pocket and a lubricating fluid distributor ring are in operative relationship with one another that a targeted lubricating fluid guide to the bearings is forced.

Also reveals the U.S. 5,494,173 A a gearbox with a housing which supports a shaft by means of at least one bearing, the housing having a bearing bell in which the bearing is inserted, with at least one lubricating fluid collection and guide pocket in the form of a recess or depression.

Compared to the use of unbalance motors, the directional exciters have the advantage of defined force flows and defined mechanical loads in a vibrating machine. The vibration data are independent of the loads caused by the bulk material.

Rolling bearings and gears are located in a cast housing and are usually oil-lubricated, e.g. oil-immersion-lubricated. Maintenance is usually limited to an occasional oil level check or an oil change at prescribed time intervals. When the machine is at a standstill, the imbalance masses / imbalance weights can be changed by installing and removing additional masses. Here, imbalances made of steel or lead can be compensated. The directional exciter is usually driven externally by a standard electric motor via a cardan shaft. Suitable maintenance-free cardan shafts are available for directional exciters. If required, braking devices can be used to reduce run-out vibrations and frequency converters can be used to continuously vary the centrifugal forces and thus the conveying capacity.

Directional exciters generate a force F with a sinusoidal curve that acts along a line. A directional exciter has two shafts aligned with unbalanced masses. These unbalanced masses are synchronized by the built-in gear mechanism to rotate in opposite directions at the same speed.

Such direct exciters are economical and offer a powerful drive, even with high performance requirements. They have a long excitation life and are extremely quiet. They only require little maintenance. The noise level they make is very low. It is advantageous that such devices have a 98% availability, which makes them ideal for use in continuous operation.

It is the object of the invention to provide an improvement here. The disadvantages of the prior art are to be eliminated or at least alleviated. In particular, the task is to bring about a positive guidance of oil, which is often used as a lubricating fluid, which leads to a long-life directional exciter design. Transmissions per se should be more durable, but still be inexpensive to manufacture.

This object is achieved by a transmission with the features of claim 1. In particular, the object is achieved in a generic transmission according to the invention in that the lubricating fluid distributor ring is designed with at least one recess on the outer diameter, which forms an opening between an outer bearing ring and a locking ring in the lubricating fluid collecting and guiding pocket, with a plurality of Lubricating fluid collection and - guide pockets are arranged distributed over the circumference of the bearing bell.

Dripping lubricating fluid can then be efficiently brought to the store. In order to be able to fall back on tried and tested lubricants, it is advantageous if oil, for example mineral oil, is used as the lubricating fluid.

Usually, two bearings are used per shaft, which are usually designed in the same way, that is, both are designed as roller or slide bearings. A combination of a roller bearing with a plain bearing is of course conceivable.

Gear wheels, such as spur gears, for example straight or helical toothed gears, are attached to the shafts, especially with directional exciters. Such gears are usually used between the two bearings. With directional exciters, it is common to use two shafts that are each supported by two bearings of the same type, with a spur gear mounted between these bearings on each shaft, which meshes with the spur gear attached to the other shaft.

By using the lubricating fluid distributor ring at a suitable point, dripping lubricating fluid is brought specifically past parts of the bearing that are not to be lubricated into an area of the bearing that is to be lubricated. Fail-safe operation of the gear unit or the directional exciter is also made possible over a long period of use.

Advantageous exemplary embodiments are claimed in the subclaims and are explained in more detail below.

As described above, the distributor ring is designed with one or more recesses on the outer diameter, which form an opening between the outer ring of the bearing and a retaining ring in the lubricating fluid collection and guide pockets and thus ensure a lubricating fluid supply to the bearing and / or a large number of Lubricating fluid collection and guide pockets are arranged distributed over the circumference of the bearing bell. Dripping lubricating fluid can then be efficiently brought to the store. In order to be able to fall back on tried and tested lubricants, it is advantageous if oil, for example mineral oil, is used as the lubricating fluid.

It is advantageous if the lubricating fluid distributor ring is designed as a separate component from the bearing and the bearing bell. This makes assembly easier.

The lubricating effect and a forced guiding are improved if the lubricating fluid distributor ring is arranged within the lubricating fluid collecting and guiding pocket, or adjoins or empties into it. The lubricating fluid distribution ring is more than twice, preferably three times, its thickness from an edge of the lubricating fluid collecting and guiding pocket which is axially spaced from the bearing. Targeted oil routing is then simplified.

In order to be able to efficiently secure the bearing and at the same time to make the lubricating fluid guide efficient, it is advantageous if the lubricating fluid distributor ring is arranged between an outer ring of the bearing, such as an outer bearing shell / outer bearing ring and a circlip / snap ring.

Here, too, it has proven to be advantageous if the securing ring is arranged in or on the lubricating fluid collecting and conducting pocket, for example adjacent to it. An advantageous embodiment is also characterized in that the lubricating fluid distributor ring has a lubricating fluid guide surface inclined to the longitudinal axis of the bearing on its side facing away from the bearing. A one-sided or two-sided wedge surface is advantageous. A crowned, curved, convex or concave design of the lubricating fluid guide surface can also be useful.

In order for the lubricating fluid to be easily detached from the lubricating fluid distributor ring, it is advantageous if a drip edge for lubricating fluid is formed on the lubricating fluid distributor ring.

The lubricating fluid distributor ring can then also form a drip edge remote from the end, but it is particularly advantageous if the drip edge is formed by the radially inner edge of the distributor ring. The ring can then be produced in a simple manner, especially if it is made of metal, such as a steel alloy.

If the drip edge is arranged at the radial height of the rolling elements or a bearing gap, i.e. preferably axially adjacent to the rolling elements or the bearing gap, due to two sliding partners, the lubricating fluid can be supplied to the partners to be lubricated as quickly as possible, so that the partners are damaged is avoided. The drip edge then ends next to the rolling elements or the bearing gap.

The invention relates in particular to a directional exciter for a vibrating machine, such as a vibrating conveyor and / or a vibrating screen, with a transmission according to the invention.

The invention also relates to such a vibrating machine with such a directional exciter.

The special feature of the invention is that an angle-independent solution is made available, i.e. the rotationally symmetrical lubricating fluid distributor ring can be arranged anywhere in the housing, so that a good lubricating effect is always achieved regardless of the installation situation. While otherwise holes were used, which, if twisted accordingly, serve more as an outlet than an inlet, an even, good and efficient lubricant supply is now guaranteed.

Directional exciters can be arranged in any position on a vibrating machine, preferably at an angle of approx. 45 ° to the horizontal, but vertical and overhead positions are also common. As a result, bearings known from the prior art, which are to be supplied with lubricating fluid, cannot be used. This can be seen, for example, in rolling element bearings which ensure the supply of lubricating fluid via a groove in the outer ring and radial bores arranged therein. This is because these measures are used to ensure a supply of lubricating fluid. Any arrangement of the directional exciters would cause the lubricating fluid to drain into the bores below, but this is undesirable. Conventional constructive solutions - which then close these bores according to the arrangement position of the exciter - are, however, very complex. However, the invention makes it possible to dispense with the otherwise necessary complex solutions, such as the use of pumps and nozzles.

• 1 eine Schwingmaschine mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Richterreger in einer Seitenansicht,
• 2 eine Vergrößerung des Bereiches II aus 1 mit einem Richterreger,
• 3 eine perspektivische Darstellung des Richterregers,
• 4 eine vergrößerte Darstellung des Richterregers mit demontiertem Deckel,
• 5 eine weitere perspektivische Ansicht mit schematisch dargestelltem Drehsinn von an Wellen angebrachten und miteinander kämmenden Zahnrädern,
• 6 eine perspektivische, im Teilschnitt dargestellte Gehäuseausbildung,
• 7 eine Seitenansicht des Richterregers, wie er auf der Schwingmaschine im Betrieb montiert ist, mit in dessen Gehäuse enthaltenem Schmierfluid-Sumpf,
• 8 eine vergrößerte, teilgeschnittene und perspektivische Darstellung des Übergangsbereichs des Gehäuses zum die Wellen lagernden Lager mit Schmierfluid-Sammel- und -Leittaschen,
• 9 eine Seitenansicht auf den Bereich einiger der Schmierfluid-Sammel- und -Leittaschen, und
• 10 eine Längsschnittteildarstellung im Bereich eines Wälzlagers, das zwischen in Radialrichtung gesehen einer Lagerglocke und einer Welle und in Axialrichtung gesehen zwischen einem Seitendeckel und einem Zahnrad angeordnet ist, mit lagernah angebrachtem Schmierfluid-Verteilerring.

The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of a drawing, in which a first exemplary embodiment is shown in more detail. Show it:

• 1 a vibrating machine with a directional exciter according to the invention in a side view,
• 2 an enlargement of the area II 1 with a judge,
• 3 a perspective view of the judge exciter,
• 4th an enlarged view of the judge exciter with the cover removed,
• 5 a further perspective view with schematically shown direction of rotation of gear wheels attached to shafts and meshing with one another,
• 6th a perspective housing design shown in partial section,
• 7th a side view of the directional exciter, as it is mounted on the vibrating machine in operation, with the lubricating fluid sump contained in its housing,
• 8th an enlarged, partially sectioned and perspective view of the transition area of the housing to the bearing supporting the shafts with lubricating fluid collection and guide pockets,
• 9 a side view of the area of some of the lubricating fluid collection and guide pockets, and
• 10 a longitudinal sectional partial representation in the area of a roller bearing, which is arranged between a bearing bell and a shaft, seen in the radial direction, and between a side cover and a gear, seen in the axial direction, with a lubricating fluid distributor ring attached to the bearing.

The figures are merely of a schematic nature and are only used for understanding the invention. The same elements are provided with the same reference symbols.

In 1 is a vibrating machine 1 depicted on which a judge exciter 2 who made a housing 3 has, is attached. The judge exciter 2 causes arousal in the direction of an arrow 4th is caused. In 2 is the judge exciter 2 with its case 3 reproduced in an enlarged view. It can be seen that two waves 5 are used on which unbalance weights / unbalanced masses 6th , which can also be referred to as oscillating segments, are attached.

The overall structure of the judge exciter in perspective representation is based 3 out which visualized that on every wave 5 four imbalance weights 6th are present, with two on each side of the case 3 available. The case 3 is with a lid 7th locked so that each wave 5 associated gear 8th is hidden from view.

Regarding the gear 8th is on the 5 referenced. However, a look inside is already in the 4th enables. So is the case 3 divided in two such that each part of the housing 3 two camp bells 9 , which could also be referred to as bearing flanges. In the camp bells 9 are lubricating fluid collection and guide pockets 10 educated. To the lubricating fluid collection and guide pockets 10 can through the housing 3 formed ridges 11th boundaries.

There are lubrication fluid collection and guide pocket-free areas on the bearing bell 9 , i.e. those areas in which the lubricating fluid collection and guide pockets are evenly distributed 10 some of the lubricating fluid collection and guiding pockets 10 miss. The lubricating fluid collection and guide pockets 10 are channel-like and thus form channels that are aligned in the radial direction and open in the axial direction. They are through the cast material of the case 3 shaped. They are originally formed, but can also be incorporated by milling.

The waves 5 are about stock 12th as they are also in 5 are indicated, stored. The respective camp is here 12th designed as roller bearings, in particular (self-aligning) roller, barrel or ball bearings. The rolling elements are identified by the reference number 13th marked.

In 6th are the camp bells 9 , for taking up the bearings 12th clearly visible. There are also lubricating fluid guide channels projecting axially through them 14th , which are designed as through holes, in particular in the manner of bores, can be seen. A lubricating fluid household is controlled via them. There is so much lubricating fluid in the housing 3 contain, namely (mineral) oil that is a lubricating fluid sump 15th forms.

The two gears 8th are in a meshing relationship with one another. The gears 8th have a toothing on their outside 16 on, namely a straight or helical external toothing. By the rotation of the waves 5 and the gears 8th becomes lubricating fluid in the interior of the housing 3 distributed.

The lubricating fluid can then, for example, passed through the webs 11th or due to gravity or due to centripetal force, through the lubricating fluid collection and guide pockets 10 as they do well in 8th can be seen in the interior of the bearing bell 9 reach. The lubricating fluid collection and guide pockets open here 10 on peripheral surfaces 17th and 18th a lubricating fluid distributor ring 19th or a locking ring 20th . It is an advantage if a jetty 11th centrally in a lubricating fluid collection and guide pocket 10 opens out, that is to say is arranged centrally in it, that is to say defines an axially oriented projection in the interior of the channel. Lubricating fluid can then enter the lubricating fluid collecting and guiding pocket from both sides 10 reach.

The lubricating fluid distribution ring 19th knows how in 9 is easy to see, just like in 10 , a radially inner edge 21 on that as a drip edge 22nd acts.

A radially outer peripheral surface of the lubricating fluid distribution ring 19th is arranged radially further inward than a circumferential surface of the retaining ring 20th . Between a bearing outer ring 23 and a bearing inner ring 24 of the camp 12th are the roller or barrel-shaped rolling elements 13th arranged. On an outside of the case 3 acts a side cover 25th along with a seal 26th , such as a labyrinth seal and a felt ring 27 sealing, with an injection disk axially further on the bearing side 28 is available. It is also on the side of the bearing facing away from the injection disc 12th , between the gear 8th and the bearing inner ring 24 , radially inside the lubricating fluid distributor ring 19th and the locking ring 20th a spacer sleeve 29 arranged. The radially inner edge 21 of the lubricating fluid distribution ring 19th is radially further inward than a radially inner edge of the retaining ring 20th arranged.

Lubricating fluid thus runs through the lubricating fluid collection and guide pocket 10 along, penetrates between the locking ring 20th and the bearing outer ring 23 through on the gear-side surface of the part-wedge-shaped lubricating fluid distributor ring 19th along, and drips in the area of the drip edge 22nd off to the rolling elements 13th to supply.

List of reference symbols

1

Vibrating machine

2

Judge exciter

3

casing

4th

Direction of excitation

5

wave

6th

Imbalance weight / imbalance mass

7th

lid

8th

gear

9

Bearing bell

10

Lubricant collection and guide pocket

11th

web

12th

warehouse

13th

Rolling elements

14th

Lubricating fluid guide channel

15th

Lubricating fluid sump

16

Gearing

17th

Circumferential surface of the lubricating fluid distribution ring

18th

Circumferential surface of the locking ring

19th

Lubricating fluid distribution ring

20th

Circlip

21

radially inner edge of the lubricating fluid distributor ring

22nd

Drip edge

23

Bearing outer ring

24

Bearing inner ring

25th

Side cover

26th

poetry

27

Felt ring

28

Splash screen

29

Spacer sleeve

Claims (7)

Gearbox with a housing (3), - which supports at least one shaft (5) by means of at least one bearing (12), - the housing (3) having a bearing bell (9), - in which the bearing (12) is inserted, - at least in the bearing bell (9) a lubricating fluid collecting and guiding pocket (10) designed as a recess or depression is present, and the lubricating fluid collecting and guiding pocket (10) and a lubricating fluid distributor ring (19) are in an operative relationship with one another in such a way that a targeted lubricating fluid -Guide to the bearing (12) is forced out, characterized in that the lubricating fluid distribution ring (19) is designed on the outer diameter with at least one recess, which in the lubricating fluid collection and guide pocket (10) has an opening between a Bearing outer ring (23) and a locking ring (20) forms, wherein a plurality of lubricating fluid collection and guide pockets (10) are arranged distributed over the circumference of the bearing bell (9). Gearbox after Claim 1 , characterized in that the lubricating fluid distributor ring (19) is designed as a separate component from the bearing (12) and from the bearing bell (9). Gearbox after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the lubricating fluid distributor ring (19) is arranged between the outer ring (23) of the bearing (12) and the locking ring (20). Gearbox according to one of the Claims 1 until 3 , characterized in that the lubricating fluid distributor ring (19) has a lubricating fluid guide surface inclined to the longitudinal axis of the bearing (12) on its side facing away from the bearing. Gearbox according to one of the Claims 1 until 4th , characterized in that a drip edge (22) for lubricating fluid is formed on the lubricating fluid distributor ring (19) and / or a drip edge (22) is formed through the radially inner edge of the lubricating fluid distributor ring (19). Gearbox after Claim 5 , characterized in that the drip edge (22) is arranged at the radial level of rolling elements (13) or at the radial level of a bearing gap. Directional exciter (2) for a vibrating machine (1), with a gear according to one of the Claims 1 until 6th .

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