WO2017002679A1 - 表面に液膜が形成されている構造体 - Google Patents
表面に液膜が形成されている構造体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017002679A1 WO2017002679A1 PCT/JP2016/068498 JP2016068498W WO2017002679A1 WO 2017002679 A1 WO2017002679 A1 WO 2017002679A1 JP 2016068498 W JP2016068498 W JP 2016068498W WO 2017002679 A1 WO2017002679 A1 WO 2017002679A1
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- liquid film
- liquid
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- container
- viscous
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D25/00—Details of other kinds or types of rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D25/14—Linings or internal coatings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D85/00—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials
- B65D85/70—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for materials not otherwise provided for
- B65D85/72—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for materials not otherwise provided for for edible or potable liquids, semiliquids, or plastic or pasty materials
- B65D85/74—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for materials not otherwise provided for for edible or potable liquids, semiliquids, or plastic or pasty materials for butter, margarine, or lard
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L27/00—Spices; Flavouring agents or condiments; Artificial sweetening agents; Table salts; Dietetic salt substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L27/60—Salad dressings; Mayonnaise; Ketchup
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/20—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B05D5/08—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/24—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D23/00—Details of bottles or jars not otherwise provided for
- B65D23/02—Linings or internal coatings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D23/00—Details of bottles or jars not otherwise provided for
- B65D23/04—Means for mixing or for promoting flow of contents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D35/00—Pliable tubular containers adapted to be permanently or temporarily deformed to expel contents, e.g. collapsible tubes for toothpaste or other plastic or semi-liquid material; Holders therefor
- B65D35/14—Pliable tubular containers adapted to be permanently or temporarily deformed to expel contents, e.g. collapsible tubes for toothpaste or other plastic or semi-liquid material; Holders therefor with linings or inserts
- B65D35/20—Pliable tubular containers adapted to be permanently or temporarily deformed to expel contents, e.g. collapsible tubes for toothpaste or other plastic or semi-liquid material; Holders therefor with linings or inserts for retracting contents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D85/00—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials
- B65D85/70—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for materials not otherwise provided for
- B65D85/72—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for materials not otherwise provided for for edible or potable liquids, semiliquids, or plastic or pasty materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D105/00—Coating compositions based on polysaccharides or on their derivatives, not provided for in groups C09D101/00 or C09D103/00
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2231/00—Means for facilitating the complete expelling of the contents
- B65D2231/005—Means for facilitating the complete expelling of the contents the container being rigid
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a structure in which a liquid film for improving slipperiness is formed on the surface.
- Containers that contain liquid contents are required to discharge the contents regardless of the material of the container.
- a low viscosity liquid such as water
- such discharge is hardly a problem.
- a viscous material such as mayonnaise or ketchup
- it may be a plastic container but glass. Whether it is a made container, this discharge is a serious problem. That is, such contents are not quickly discharged by tilting the container, and adhere to the container wall, and thus cannot be used up to the end. Especially, a considerable amount of contents are placed at the bottom of the container. Remains without being discharged.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 propose various techniques for improving slipperiness with respect to viscous substances by forming an oil film on the inner surface of a substrate such as a container.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 propose various techniques for improving slipperiness with respect to viscous substances by forming an oil film on the inner surface of a substrate such as a container.
- Patent Document 3 proposes a release oil composed of a water-in-oil emulsion containing a liquid oil / fat component, animal and plant waxes and water. By spraying the release oil onto a container, bread, confectionery, etc. It has been shown that during baking, the dough can be prevented from sticking to the container.
- the applicant of the present invention is a packaging container containing an oil-in-water emulsion typified by mayonnaise-like food, and an oil film is formed on the inner surface of the container in contact with the oil-in-water emulsion.
- a packaging container has been proposed (Japanese Patent Application No. 2014-023425).
- the effective life of the slipperiness exhibited by the oil film is short, and the slipperiness decreases after a long period of time.
- problems such as the contents sticking to the surface have occurred. This tendency is particularly noticeable when the material that slides on the surface is an emulsion, particularly a mayonnaise-like food with low oil content.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a structure in which a liquid film that improves slipperiness with respect to a viscous substance is formed on the substrate surface, and the slip improvement of the liquid film is sustained and stably exhibited. There is to do.
- Another object of the present invention is, in particular, a structure in which entrainment of bubbles is effectively avoided and problems such as poor appearance caused by entrainment of bubbles are effectively prevented, particularly when an emulsion flows on the surface of the liquid film.
- a structure having a base material and a liquid film formed on the surface thereof, wherein the liquid film is formed of a non-Newtonian aqueous liquid.
- the non-Newtonian aqueous liquid is water thickened with a water-soluble polymer.
- the water-soluble polymer is at least one selected from the group consisting of xanthan gum, guar gum, gellan gum, pectin, carboxymethyl cellulose, gelatin, alginic acid, agar, and carrageenan.
- the non-Newtonian aqueous liquid has a viscosity (25 ° C.) measured at a rotation speed of 20 rpm in a range of 500 mPa ⁇ s or more.
- the liquid film is formed on the substrate surface in an amount of 0.5 to 10 mg / cm 2 .
- a viscous substance is present on the liquid film.
- the viscous substance is an emulsion.
- the emulsion is a mayonnaise-like food.
- the non-Newtonian aqueous liquid has the following formula (1): ⁇ 1 > ⁇ 2 (1) Where ⁇ 1 is the contact angle of the aqueous liquid on the substrate in air; ⁇ 2 is the contact angle of the aqueous liquid on the viscous material in air, The contact angle condition expressed by (9)
- the contact angle ⁇ 1 of the non-Newtonian aqueous liquid on the substrate in the air is 70 degrees or more.
- the base material has a resin surface. (11) The resin is polyolefin or polyester. (12)
- the base material is a container, the liquid film is formed on the inner surface of the container, and the viscous substance is a content contained in the container.
- Example 1 there is a structure (direct blow container) in which a liquid film of 1 part by weight aqueous solution (non-Newtonian aqueous liquid) of xanthan gum is formed on the inner surface made of olefin resin according to the present invention. It is shown.
- This direct blow container is filled with an oil-in-water emulsion as the contents, and after storing for 1 week at room temperature, almost the entire contents can be quickly discharged (high initial slipperiness). Moreover, after the contents are filled and stored for 1 week at room temperature, even after about 2 months have passed, almost the entire content can be discharged as in the initial stage (high slip with time).
- the direct blow container of Comparative Example 1 in which the liquid film is formed only with edible oil shows a certain degree of initial slip, but the slip with time after the same period as described above is large. The amount of contents remaining in the container is increased.
- the structure of the present invention entrainment of bubbles when the emulsion flows over the surface is effectively suppressed, and the disadvantage that bubbles are distributed between the emulsion and the substrate surface is effectively prevented.
- the substrate is a transparent container
- the disadvantage that the distribution of bubbles is observed from the outside of the container and the appearance characteristics are deteriorated is effectively prevented.
- the bubbles are reflected, for example, on the surface of the emulsion discharged from the container, and the smoothness of the emulsion surface is impaired.
- the bubble distribution is suppressed, such inconvenience is effectively avoided. For example, as shown in Examples 3 to 10 which will be described later, even when a mayonnaise-like food (lipid content 34%) having a low lipid content falls on the surface of the structure, the generation of bubbles is effectively prevented. Yes.
- the structure of the present invention is suitably used as a container for containing a viscous substance, and particularly suitable as a transparent container for storing a viscous emulsion such as mayonnaise-like food, particularly as a direct blow container. Used for.
- the schematic sectional side view for demonstrating the surface form of the structure of this invention The figure for demonstrating distribution of the bubble which arises in a conventionally well-known structure.
- the figure which shows the form of the direct blow bottle which is a suitable form of the structure of this invention.
- the base material 1 of the structure of this invention is shape
- the liquid film 3 is formed in the surface,
- This liquid film 3 is The viscous material 5 is formed on the surface so as to come into contact with the liquid film 3.
- the structure of the present invention has a liquid film 3 of a non-Newtonian aqueous liquid typified by a polymer aqueous solution interposed between the viscous substance 5 and the base material 1, thereby allowing slipping with respect to various viscous substances, The sliding stability over time is ensured, and further, the entrainment of bubbles when the viscous material 5 flows on the liquid film 3 is effectively prevented.
- an oil film is provided by an oily liquid such as edible oil on the surface (inner surface) of the base material 1 such as a plastic container
- the oily liquid forming the oil film is absorbed into the base material 1.
- the oil film of the oily liquid when it is in contact with the viscous substance 5 such as an emulsion, it may be absorbed not only in the base material 1 but also in the emulsion.
- the slipperiness exhibited by the oil film decreases with time, and particularly when the emulsion is in contact with the oil film, the slippage is particularly markedly reduced.
- the liquid film 3 made of the non-Newtonian aqueous liquid when the liquid film 3 made of the non-Newtonian aqueous liquid is formed on the surface of the base material 1, absorption to the base material 1 does not occur. Moreover, this liquid film 3 exhibits extremely high viscosity unlike the Newtonian fluid in a state where no shear force is applied due to the behavior exhibited by the non-Newtonian aqueous liquid. Furthermore, water contained in the aqueous liquid is held in a solute (for example, a water-soluble polymer) dissolved in the aqueous liquid.
- a solute for example, a water-soluble polymer
- the viscous substance 5 regardless of the nature of the viscous substance 5, for example, whether it is lipophilic, hydrophilic or emulsified, it is absorbed or diffused into the viscous substance 5 due to the presence of its highly viscous and water-soluble polymer. It is effectively suppressed. For this reason, it is thought that the time-dependent fall of the slipperiness which this liquid film 3 shows is suppressed effectively. Furthermore, regarding the slipperiness, the behavior exhibited by the non-Newtonian aqueous liquid is greatly involved. That is, when the viscous material 5 flows on the surface of the liquid film 3, a shearing force is applied to the surface of the liquid film 3, so that the viscosity of the surface is greatly reduced. It is thought that this flow contributes to the improvement of slipperiness with respect to the viscous substance 5.
- the present inventors have estimated that the bubble entrainment is suppressed as follows. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, when a liquid film 3 (oil film) is formed of oil such as edible oil, when a water-containing substance 5 such as an emulsion flows on the liquid film 3, the height is high. Although excellent slipperiness is exhibited by water repellency, the water-containing substance 5 has poor wettability with respect to the liquid film 3, and therefore the water-containing substance and the liquid film 3 do not adhere to each other. If the bubbles 7 are caught between the membrane 3 and the hydrated substance 5 and the hydrated product 5 is viscous, the bubbles 7 do not escape, and bubbles are generated at the interface between the hydrated substance 5 and the liquid film 3. Will be distributed, and a surface form in which the bubbles are distributed will be formed. In particular, an emulsion with less oil (lipid) has a higher water content and lower wettability with respect to the liquid film 3 (oil film).
- the liquid film 3 when the liquid film 3 is formed of a non-Newtonian aqueous liquid, the liquid film 3 exhibits high hydrophilicity, so that the emulsion exhibits high wettability with respect to the liquid film 3. Flowing over the liquid film 3 so as to be in close contact with the film 3, and as a result, it is difficult to entrain the bubbles, and therefore the generation of the surface form in which the bubbles are distributed is effectively prevented.
- the non-Newtonian aqueous liquid that has been thickened by a water-soluble polymer or the like exhibits thixotropic properties, exhibits high viscosity under a low load, and is stably held on the surface of the substrate 1 by this viscosity.
- the liquid film 3 that is stably held is formed without falling off the surface of the substrate 1. Furthermore, due to its thixotropy, its viscosity is greatly reduced under high loads. That is, when a highly viscous emulsion flows on the liquid film 3, the surface portion of the liquid film 3 is reduced in viscosity by the stress, and the fluidity is increased. As a result, the highly viscous emulsion is 3 flows without receiving resistance, and high slipperiness is obtained for such an emulsion. Further, when a viscous emulsion flows on the liquid film 3, almost no stress is generated between the liquid film 3 and the surface of the base material 1.
- the near portion shows high viscosity, and is firmly held on the surface of the substrate 1 by the high viscosity. Accordingly, it is possible to effectively avoid dropping and consumption of the liquid film 3 when the viscous emulsion repeatedly flows on the liquid film 3, and as described above, excellent slipperiness is maintained for a long time. It is thought that it is demonstrated.
- an oil film such as edible oil does not exhibit thixotropy, so when a viscous emulsion flows on the surface of the oil film, it gradually falls off the surface of the base material 1 and the slipperiness greatly decreases with time. It will be followed.
- the material of the substrate 1 is not particularly limited as long as it can hold the liquid film 3 made of non-Newtonian aqueous liquid on the surface thereof, and is made of resin, glass, metal, paper, etc. As long as it has the form according to a use with arbitrary materials of.
- the base material 1 has a form such as a pipe for flowing the emulsion, a container in which the emulsion is accommodated, and a container lid.
- the liquid film 3 is preferably formed on the surface in contact with such an emulsion.
- the base material 1 has transparency in terms of making the best use of the characteristic of the present invention that effectively prevents the generation of a surface form in which bubbles are distributed.
- the base material 1 is preferably used for molding a container in which such an emulsion is accommodated in that it is preferably made of a synthetic resin and has excellent slipperiness with respect to a viscous emulsion. Most preferably, it is made of synthetic resin.
- Such a synthetic resin may be any moldable thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin, but generally is thermoplastic from the viewpoint of easy molding.
- a resin is preferred.
- thermoplastic resin the following can be illustrated, for example.
- Olefin resins such as low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, polypropylene, poly 1-butene, poly 4-methyl-1-pentene or ⁇ -olefins such as ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 4-methyl-1-pentene Random or block copolymers, cyclic olefin copolymers, etc .; Ethylene / vinyl copolymers, such as ethylene / vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer, ethylene / vinyl chloride copolymer, etc .; Styrenic resin such as polystyrene, acrylonitrile / styrene copolymer, ABS, ⁇ -methylstyrene / styrene copolymer, etc .; Vinyl resins such as polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, vinyl chloride / vinylidene chloride copolymers, polymethyl acrylate, polymethyl methacryl
- thermoplastic resins described above olefin resins and polyester resins used as container materials for storing viscous contents are suitable, and olefin resins are optimal. That is, the olefin resin is highly flexible and is also used for the application of a squeeze bottle (squeeze bottle) by direct blow molding to be described later. From the viewpoint of applying the present invention to such a container, the olefin resin is used. Resin is suitable.
- the base material 1 may have a single layer structure of the thermoplastic resin as described above, or may have a multilayer structure in which a plurality of thermoplastic resins are combined. If not required, it may be a laminate of thermoplastic resin and paper.
- the substrate 1 has the form of a container
- an oxygen barrier layer or an oxygen is appropriately interposed as an intermediate layer through an adhesive resin layer. It is possible to adopt a structure in which an absorption layer is laminated and a resin of the same type as a base resin (olefin resin or polyester resin) that forms the inner surface is laminated on the outer surface side.
- the oxygen barrier layer in such a multilayer structure is formed of, for example, an oxygen barrier resin such as ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer or polyamide. As long as the oxygen barrier property is not impaired, Other thermoplastic resins may be blended.
- the oxygen absorbing layer is a layer containing an oxidizing polymer and a transition metal catalyst, as described in JP-A No. 2002-240813, etc., and the oxidizing polymer is oxygenated by the action of the transition metal catalyst. As a result, the oxygen is absorbed and the permeation of oxygen is blocked.
- an oxidizable polymer and a transition metal catalyst are described in detail in the above-mentioned JP-A No.
- oxidizable polymer examples include Olefin resins having tertiary carbon atoms (eg, polypropylene, polybutene-1, etc., or copolymers thereof), thermoplastic polyesters or aliphatic polyamides; xylylene group-containing polyamide resins; ethylenically unsaturated group-containing polymers ( For example, a polymer derived from a polyene such as butadiene).
- the inorganic salt, organic acid salt, or complex salt of transition metals, such as iron, cobalt, and nickel are typical.
- Adhesive resins used for bonding the layers are known per se, for example, olefin resins graft-modified with carboxylic acids such as maleic acid, itaconic acid, fumaric acid or their anhydrides, amides, esters, etc .; An ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer; an ion-crosslinked olefin copolymer; an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer; and the like are used as the adhesive resin.
- the thickness of each layer described above may be set to an appropriate thickness according to the characteristics required for each layer.
- a ligide layer in which scraps such as burrs generated when the substrate 1 having a multilayer structure as described above is blended with a virgin resin such as an olefin resin as an inner layer.
- a virgin resin such as an olefin resin
- the base material 1 in the present invention exhibits excellent slipperiness with respect to a viscous emulsion, it is optimal to be used as a container in which such an emulsion is accommodated.
- the shape of the container is not particularly limited, and may have a shape corresponding to the container material, such as a cup or cup shape, a bottle shape, a bag shape (pouch), a syringe shape, an acupoint shape, or a tray shape, and is stretch-molded. It may be formed by a method known per se.
- FIG. 3 shows a direct blow bottle which is the most preferable form of the substrate 1 of the present invention.
- This bottle is widely used as a container for storing a viscous emulsion such as mayonnaise-like food.
- a bottle 10 indicated as a whole has a neck 11 provided with a thread, a trunk wall 15 connected to the neck 11 via a shoulder 13, and a bottom wall 17 closing the lower end of the trunk wall 15.
- the liquid film 3 is formed on the inner surface of such a bottle.
- Such a bottle 10 is preferably used for containing a viscous substance. After the contents are filled, the bottle 10 is sealed with an aluminum foil 18 or the like, and further a cap 19 is attached for use.
- the cap 19 is removed, the aluminum foil 18 is peeled off, and then the body wall 15 is squeezed to discharge the viscous substance contained therein.
- the liquid film 3 is formed by the non-Newtonian aqueous liquid and the slipperiness and the sustainability of the contents are improved, such contents can be discharged quickly, and the total amount thereof can be reduced. It is possible to discharge and use up the contents.
- the liquid film 3 provided on the surface of the substrate 1 as described above is a non-Newtonian aqueous liquid as described above.
- a non-Newtonian aqueous liquid for example, thickened water obtained by dissolving a water-soluble polymer in water. It is formed by.
- such thickening water exhibits thixotropic properties, and is stably held on the surface of the substrate 1 due to its viscosity characteristics, and exhibits high slipperiness and persistence for viscous emulsions.
- the thickened water used for forming the liquid film 3 preferably has a viscosity (25 ° C.) measured at a rotation speed of 20 rpm of 690 mPa ⁇ s or more, particularly 1000 to 15000 mPa ⁇ s. That is, if this viscosity is too small, the liquid film 3 tends to flow down from the surface of the substrate body 1, it becomes difficult to hold the liquid film 3, and the durability of slipperiness may be reduced. If the viscosity is too large, the liquid film 3 becomes a hard gel, and the slipperiness may be impaired.
- Natural polymers such as guar gum, xanthan gum, locust bean gum, quince seed gum, carrageenan, pectin, mannan, starch, agar, etc.
- Microbial polysaccharide polymers plant protein polymers such as gelatin, casein, albumin and collagen; Semi-synthetic polymers such as cellulose polymers such as methylcellulose, ethylcellulose, hydroxycellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, and cationized cellulose; starch-based polymers such as solubilized starch and carboxymethylstarch, propylene glycol alginate, etc.
- Alginic acid polymers and polysaccharide derivative polymers Synthetic polymers, for example, vinyl polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylamide and derivatives thereof; polyethylene oxide, polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide block copolymers;
- water-soluble polymers natural polymers are preferable from the viewpoint of influence on the environment, and guar gum and xanthan gum are particularly preferable because they have a high thickening effect.
- the molecular weight of the polymer is preferably 100,000 or more, particularly 1,000,000 or more. Further, those in which an association phenomenon occurs between polymers in water are more preferable. This is because the apparent molecular weight increases due to the occurrence of the association phenomenon, and the above-described decrease in slipperiness with time can be more effectively suppressed.
- the non-Newtonian aqueous liquid obtained using the various water-soluble polymers described above is represented by the following formula (1): ⁇ 1 > ⁇ 2 (1)
- ⁇ 1 is the contact angle of the aqueous liquid on the substrate in air
- ⁇ 2 is the contact angle of the aqueous liquid on the viscous material in air
- the above formula (1) means that the non-Newtonian aqueous liquid is more easily wetted by the viscous material 5 than the base material 1. That is, when a non-Newtonian aqueous liquid (or a kind of the resin material or the viscous substance 5 of the base material 1) is selected so as to satisfy the condition of the formula (1), the viscous substance is formed on the liquid film 3. When 5 is in contact, the viscous substance 5 can quickly spread over the entire surface of the liquid film 3, and thus the lubricity with respect to the viscous substance 5 can be expressed. In addition, since the liquid film 3 is difficult to spread with respect to the base material 1, it is difficult for the liquid film 3 to be thinned over time (that is, the liquid film 3 is thinned by creep).
- the liquid film 3 is peeled off from the base material 1 due to the large ⁇ 1 , but the liquid film 3 is a non-Newtonian liquid (particularly a thixotropic liquid).
- the aqueous liquid forming the liquid film 3 has a very high viscosity, so it is unlikely that the liquid film 3 will be peeled off from the substrate 1. It is speculated that this also contributes to the extension of the sliding life over time.
- ⁇ 1 is preferably 70 degrees or more, more preferably 80 degrees or more, and most preferably 90 degrees or more. This is because by designing ⁇ 1 in such a range, it is considered that thinning due to the above-described change with time can be effectively prevented.
- the contact angle of the 1 part by weight aqueous solution of xanthan gum with respect to the polyethylene base material (base material 1) is 92.
- the contact angle of this aqueous solution with respect to the oil-in-water emulsion is 57 degrees.
- the contact angle with respect to the polyethylene base material of 1 weight part aqueous solution of guar gum is 89 degree
- the liquid film 3 is formed on a polyethylene base material (base material 1) with an aqueous solution of 1 part by weight of xanthan gum or guar gum, and an oil-in-water emulsion is allowed to flow as a viscous material 5 on the liquid film 3 as described above ( The condition of the formula 1) is satisfied, and good slipperiness is exhibited.
- the above-mentioned water-soluble polymer is used in such an amount that the above-mentioned viscosity characteristics can be obtained. Usually, it varies depending on the type thereof, but in an amount of about 0.5 to 5 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of water. used.
- thickened water obtained by mixing 100 g of water with 1 g of xanthan gum, which is a water-soluble polymer, has a viscosity of 1200 mPa ⁇ s at a rotation speed of 20 rpm and a viscosity of 14997 mPa ⁇ s at a rotation speed of 1 rpm, and has thixotropic properties.
- xanthan gum which is a water-soluble polymer
- the amount of the liquid film 3 formed by the non-Newtonian aqueous liquid obtained by using such a water-soluble polymer is usually 0.5 to 10 mg / cm from the viewpoint of exhibiting excellent slipperiness over a long period of time. 2 , more preferably 0.65 to 6.56 mg / cm 2 , and still more preferably 2.62 to 4.37 mg / cm 2 on the surface of the substrate. If this amount is too large, it will be difficult to stably hold the liquid film 3, and it will be easy for fluctuations in slipperiness. If the amount is too small, the sustainability of slipperiness may be reduced.
- ⁇ Viscous material 5> The structure of the present invention having the base material 1 and the liquid film 3 described above is used for use by allowing the viscous material 5 to be present on the liquid film 3 so as to be in contact with the liquid film 3.
- the viscous material 5 can be flowed quickly. For example, even when the viscous material 5 is flowed after long-term storage, Good slipperiness is demonstrated.
- Such a viscous substance 5 may be either aqueous or oily, and may have any form of an emulsion or non-emulsion. Specific examples thereof include mayonnaise-like foods, ketchup, Sauces (Worcester sauce, medium sauce, etc.), aqueous paste, honey, mayonnaise, mustard, dressing, salad creamy dressing, jam, chocolate syrup, milky lotion, liquid detergent, shampoo, rinse, conditioner, adhesive, toothpaste Etc.
- the type of the viscous material 5 is selected so as to satisfy the above-described formula (1). Good.
- viscous materials 5 having a viscosity of 100 mPa ⁇ s (25 ° C.) or more, particularly 1000 mPa ⁇ s or more, particularly oil-in-water emulsions. It is preferable that when such a viscous emulsion is used as the viscous substance 5, it is possible to prevent deterioration of appearance characteristics due to bubble distribution and bubble distribution, and the effects of the present invention are effectively exhibited.
- the liquid film 3 applies an aqueous liquid obtained by mixing a water-soluble polymer and water to the surface portion of the substrate 1 (the portion that contacts the emulsion). Is formed.
- spraying, knife coating, roll coating and the like can be performed by known means per se, but the thickened water has thixotropic properties. Spray atomization is most preferably employed.
- the liquid film 3 can be formed at the time of filling the contents (viscous substance 5) into the container by using the multi-tube nozzle 20 shown in FIG.
- the multi-tube nozzle 20 includes a center tube 21 and an annular tube 23 formed outside so as to surround the center tube 21. That is, the central tube 21 is used as a core layer for filling the viscous material 5 (content), and the annular tube 23 is used as an outermost layer for supplying the non-Newtonian aqueous liquid forming the lubricating layer 3.
- the filling of the contents and the formation of the liquid film 3 using the multi-tube nozzle 20 are performed according to the process shown in FIG.
- the multi-tube nozzle 20 is gradually pulled up, and when a predetermined amount of the content 31 is filled, the filling of the content 31 and the supply of the liquid 33 are stopped, as shown in FIG. As shown, the multi-tube nozzle 20 is pulled out of the empty container 30 to complete the filling of the contents 31 and the supply operation of the liquid 33. Finally, the upper end of the empty container 30 is sealed with a lid or the like. Thus, a packaging container filled with the intended content 31 is obtained.
- the content 31 (viscous substance 5) is covered with the liquid 33 (liquid film 3) as shown in FIG.
- the filling pressure of the contents 33 stably holds the container 30 (base material 1) so as to be in contact with the surface, and the liquid film 3 described above exhibits the slidability stably. Sex will be exhibited effectively.
- the structure of the present invention is suitably used as a container containing a viscous water-containing substance having a viscosity (25 ° C.) of 100 mPa ⁇ s or more, particularly as a direct blow container.
- a viscous water-containing substance having a viscosity (25 ° C.) of 100 mPa ⁇ s or more
- cosmetics such as mayonnaise-like foods, dressings, and emulsions It is suitably used for containing liquids and the like, and is most suitable for use for containing low-fat mayonnaise-like foods having a lipid content of 34% or less.
- a multilayer direct blow bottle having a multilayer structure having the following layer structure and having an internal capacity of 400 g was provided.
- Inner layer Low density polyethylene resin (LDPE)
- Intermediate layer ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH)
- Outer layer Low density polyethylene resin (LDPE)
- Adhesive layer (between inner and outer layers and intermediate layer): acid-modified polyolefin
- the viscosity is a value measured at 25 ° C. using a tuning fork type vibration viscometer SV-10 (manufactured by A & D Co., Ltd.).
- ⁇ Slippery evaluation> The spray nozzle was inserted into the bottle to the bottom, and it was applied to the entire side wall from the bottom of the bottle by pulling up while spraying an aqueous liquid (or oily liquid).
- aqueous liquid or oily liquid
- 400 g of the above-mentioned viscous substance was filled as a content by a conventional method, the bottle mouth portion was heat sealed with aluminum foil, and sealed with a cap to obtain a filled bottle.
- the filled bottle filled with the contents was stored at 23 ° C. for 1 week (initial bottle). Store the filled bottle further at each storage period and temperature shown in Table 1, push the barrel, squeeze the contents through the bottle mouth, and restore the shape by putting air into the bottle. It was.
- the content adhesion rate was calculated by the following formula.
- Content adhesion rate (%) (Surface area to which the contents are attached / bottle body wall surface area) ⁇ 100 From the content adhesion rate calculated above, the slipperiness was evaluated according to the following criteria. ⁇ : Content adhesion rate is less than 10% ⁇ : Content adhesion rate is 10% or more and less than 50% ⁇ : Content adhesion rate is 50% or more
- Example 1 1 g of xanthan gum and 100 g of pure water were prepared, and these were mixed to prepare an aqueous liquid. Using this aqueous liquid, the above-described viscosity measurement was performed. The viscosity at a rotational speed of 20 rpm was 1200 mPa ⁇ s, and the viscosity at 1 rpm was 14997 mPa ⁇ s, indicating a non-Newtonian property. The contact angle measurement described above was performed using this aqueous liquid. The results are shown in Table 1. Furthermore, the above-mentioned container (bottle) was prepared, and slipperiness evaluation was performed. Air spray was used for the application of the aqueous liquid. The results of the evaluation of slipperiness are summarized in Table 1.
- Example 2 1 g of guar gum and 100 g of water were prepared, and these were mixed to prepare an aqueous liquid. Using this aqueous liquid, in the same manner as in Example 1, contact angle measurement and slip evaluation were performed. The results are summarized in Table 1.
- Example 1 and 2 in which the liquid film which consists of a non-Newtonian aqueous liquid is formed on a base material, compared with the comparative example 1 in which the liquid film which consists of a Newtonian oily liquid is formed, it is slippery. In the evaluation, it can be seen that the long life of the slipping property can be achieved, which is favorable.
- the contact angle ⁇ 1 on the base material is larger than the contact angle ⁇ 2 on the viscous material, which contributes to the extension of the sliding life of the liquid film 3. It is thought that there is.
- Examples 3 to 10> The amount of liquid film liquid shown in Table 2 was applied to the molded bottle by air spray, and after filling the contents, the contents were moved several times, and the generation of bubbles was confirmed. Thereafter, the slipperiness was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 2.
- the liquid film is formed of water thickened with a water-soluble polymer (xanthan gum), and the viscosity (25 ° C.) measured at a rotation speed of 20 rpm is 690 mPa ⁇ s or more. In particular, when it is in the range of 1200 to 15300 mPa ⁇ s, it is suitable for exhibiting good slipperiness and not forming bubbles.
- the liquid film is preferably formed on the surface of the substrate in an amount of 0.65 to 6.56 mg / cm 2 , particularly 2.62 to 4.37 mg / cm 2 , in order to exhibit slipperiness. .
- Base material 3 Liquid film 5: Viscous substance 7: Air bubble 10: Direct blow bottle 11: Neck part 13: Shoulder part 15: Body wall 17: Bottom wall 18: Aluminum foil 19: Cap
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Abstract
Description
かかる技術によれば、基材の内面を形成する合成樹脂に滑剤などの添加剤を加える場合と比して、滑り性を飛躍的に高めることができるため、現在注目されている。
さらに、特許文献3には、液状油脂成分、動植物ワックス及び水を含む油中水型エマルジョンからなる離型油が提案されており、この離型油を容器に噴霧することにより、パンや菓子などを焼く際に、その生地の容器への付着を防止し得ることが示されている。
また、本出願人は、先に、マヨネーズ様食品に代表される水中油型乳化物が収容された包装容器であって、該水中油型乳化物が接触する容器内面に油膜が形成されている包装容器を提案している(特願2014-023425号)。
上述した気泡の分布の問題は、特に油分(脂質成分)の少ないマヨネーズ様食品が油膜表面を流れるとき顕著であることを、本発明者等は確認している。
本発明の他の目的は、特に前記液膜表面を乳化物が流れるとき、気泡の巻き込みが有効に回避され、気泡の巻き込みにより生じる外観不良等の問題が有効に防止されている構造体、特に容器を提供することにある。
(1)前記非ニュートン性水性液体は、水溶性高分子により増粘された水であること。
(2)前記水溶性高分子が、キサンタンガム、グアーガム、ジェランガム、ペクチン、カルボキシルメチルセルロース、ゼラチン、アルギン酸、寒天及びカラギーナンからなる群より選択された少なくとも1種であること。
(3)前記非ニュートン性水性液体は、回転数20rpmで測定した粘度(25℃)が500mPa・s以上の範囲にあること。
(4)前記液膜は、0.5~10mg/cm2の量で前記基材表面上に形成されていること。
(5)前記液膜上に、粘性物質が存在していること。
(6)前記粘性物質が乳化物であること。
(7)前記乳化物が、マヨネーズ様食品であること。
(8)前記非ニュートン性水性液体は、下記式(1):
θ1>θ2 (1)
式中、
θ1は、空気中における前記基材上での該水性液体の接触角であり、
θ2は、空気中における前記粘性物質上での該水性液体の接触角である、
で表される接触角条件を満足していること。
(9)空気中における前記基材上での前記非ニュートン性水性液体の接触角θ1が70度以上であること。
(10)前記基材が、樹脂製表面を有するものであること。
(11)前記樹脂が、ポリオレフィンまたはポリエステルであること。
(12)前記基材が容器であり、前記液膜が容器内面に形成されており、前記粘性物質が該容器内に収容されている内容物であること。
例えば、後述する実施例1には、本発明にしたがってキサンタンガムの1重量部水溶液(非ニュートン性水性液体)による液膜がオレフィン系樹脂製の内面に形成されている構造体(ダイレクトブロー容器)が示されている。
このダイレクトブロー容器に、内容物として水中油型乳化物を充填し、常温にて1週間保管後、速やかに内容物のほぼ全量を排出させることができる(初期滑り性が高い)。しかも、この内容物を充填し、常温1週間保管した後、さらに約2ヶ月経過後においても、初期と同様、内容物のほぼ全量を排出することができる(経時滑り性も高い)。
これに対して、食用油のみで液膜が形成されている比較例1のダイレクトブロー容器では、ある程度の初期滑り性を示しているが、上記と同様の期間経過後の経時滑り性は、大きく低下し、容器内に残存する内容物量が多くなっている。
また、上記のように気泡が分布している場合、この気泡が、例えば容器から排出される乳化物の表面に反映されてしまい、乳化物表面の滑らかさが損なわれるという問題もあるが、本発明では、気泡分布が抑制されているため、このような不都合も有効に回避されている。
例えば、後述する実施例3~10に示されているように、脂質含量が少ないマヨネーズ様食品(脂質分34%)が構造体表面を落下した場合にも、気泡の生成は有効に防止されている。
本発明の構造体は、高分子水溶液に代表される非ニュートン性水性液体による液膜3を粘性物質5と基材1との間に介在させることにより、種々の粘性物質に対する滑り性と、該滑り性の経時安定性とが確保され、さらには粘性物質5が液膜3上を流れるときの気泡の巻き込みも有効に防止されるというものである。
しかるに、本発明にしたがい、非ニュートン性水性液体による液膜3が基材1の表面に形成されている場合には、基材1に対する吸収は生じない。
しかも、この液膜3は、非ニュートン性水性液体が示す挙動により、剪断力が加わっていない状態では、ニュートン流体と異なり、極めて高い粘性を示す。さらには、この水性液体に含まれる水は、該水性液体に溶解している溶質(例えば、水溶性高分子)に保持されている。このため、粘性物質5の性状にかかわらず、例えば、親油性、親水性或いは乳化物の何れであっても、その高粘性及び水溶性高分子の存在により、粘性物質5への吸収或いは拡散が有効に抑制されている。このため、この液膜3が示す滑り性の経時的低下は、有効に抑制されるものと考えられる。
さらに、滑り性に関しても、非ニュートン性水性液体が示す挙動が大きく関与している。即ち、この液膜3の表面上を粘性物質5が流れる場合、液膜3の表面には剪断力が加わるため、その表面の粘性が大きく低下するため、液膜3の表面の液体は粘性物質5に伴って流れ、これが、粘性物質5に対する滑り性の向上に大きく寄与しているものと考えられる。
即ち、図2に示されているように、食用油などの油により液膜3(油膜)が形成されている場合、この液膜3上を乳化物等の含水物質5が流れるとき、その高い撥水性により優れた滑り性が発揮されるのであるが、反面、含水物質5は、この液膜3に対して濡れ性が悪く、このため、含水物質と液膜3とが密着せず、液膜3と含水物質5との間に気泡7が巻き込まれてしまい、含水物5が粘稠である場合には、この気泡7が抜けず、含水物質5と液膜3との界面部分に気泡が分布してしまい、この気泡が分布した表面形態が形成されてしまうこととなる。特に、油分(脂質)の少ない乳化物ほど、水分含量が多く、液膜3(油膜)に対する濡れ性がより低いため、上記のような傾向が大きいものと考えられる。
しかも、水溶性高分子などにより増粘されている非ニュートン水性液体は、チキソトロピー性を示し、低荷重下では高い粘性を示し、この粘性により、基材1の表面に安定に保持され、従って、基材1の表面から脱落することなく、安定に保持された液膜3が形成されることとなる。さらに、そのチキソトロピー性により、高荷重下では、その粘性が大きく低下する。即ち、この液膜3上を高粘性の乳化物が流れるとき、液膜3の表面部分は、その応力によって低粘性化し、流動性が高められ、この結果、高粘性の乳化物は、液膜3上を、抵抗を受けることなく流れることとなり、このような乳化物に対して高い滑り性が得られることとなる。
また、液膜3上を粘稠な乳化物が流れた場合において、液膜3と基材1の表面との間にはほとんど応力を生じないため、この液膜3の基材1の表面に近い部分は高い粘性を示し、その高い粘性により基材1の表面にしっかりと保持されている。従って、粘稠な乳化物が繰り返し液膜3上を流れたときの液膜3の脱落や消耗を有効に回避することができ、先にも述べたように、優れた滑り性が長期にわたって持続して発揮されるものと考えられる。
例えば、食用油などの油膜では、チキソトロピー性を示さないため、その表面を粘稠な乳化物が流れると、徐々に基材1の表面から脱落していき、滑り性の経時的に大きく低下していくこととなる。
本発明において、基材1は、その表面に非ニュートン水性液体による液膜3を保持することが可能である限り、その材質は特に制限されず、樹脂製、ガラス製、金属製、紙製等の任意の材質により用途に応じた形態を有していればよい。
特に、乳化物に対して、持続して優れた滑り性が発揮されるという観点から、基材1は、乳化物を流すための配管や乳化物が収容された容器や容器蓋などの形態を有していることが好適であり、このような乳化物と接触する面に、上記の液膜3が形成されていることが好適である。
このような熱可塑性樹脂としては、例えば、以下のものを例示することができる。
オレフィン系樹脂、例えば、低密度ポリエチレン、高密度ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリ1-ブテン、ポリ4-メチル-1-ペンテンあるいはエチレン、プロピレン、1-ブテン、4-メチル-1-ペンテン等のα-オレフィン同士のランダムあるいはブロック共重合体、環状オレフィン共重合体など;
エチレン・ビニル系共重合体、例えば、エチレン・酢酸ビニル共重合体、エチレン・ビニルアルコール共重合体、エチレン・塩化ビニル共重合体等;
スチレン系樹脂、例えば、ポリスチレン、アクリロニトリル・スチレン共重合体、ABS、α-メチルスチレン・スチレン共重合体等;
ビニル系樹脂、例えば、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニリデン、塩化ビニル・塩化ビニリデン共重合体、ポリアクリル酸メチル、ポリメタクリル酸メチル等;
ポリアミド樹脂、例えば、ナイロン6、ナイロン6-6、ナイロン6-10、ナイロン11、ナイロン12等;
ポリエステル樹脂、例えば、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレンナフタレート、及びこれらの共重合ポリエステル等;
ポリカーボネート樹脂;
ポリフエニレンオキサイド樹脂;
生分解性樹脂、例えば、ポリ乳酸など;
勿論、成形性が損なわれない限り、これらの熱可塑性樹脂のブレンド物を、下地樹脂として使用することもできる。
即ち、オレフィン系樹脂は、可撓性が高く、後述するダイレクトブロー成形による絞り出し容器(スクイズボトル)の用途にも使用されており、本発明をこのような容器に適用するという観点からもオレフィン系樹脂は適している。
また、酸素吸収層は、特開2002-240813号等に記載されているように、酸化性重合体及び遷移金属系触媒を含む層であり、遷移金属系触媒の作用により酸化性重合体が酸素による酸化を受け、これにより、酸素を吸収して酸素の透過を遮断する。このような酸化性重合体及び遷移金属系触媒は、上記の特開2002-240813号等に詳細に説明されているので、その詳細は省略するが、酸化性重合体の代表的な例は、第3級炭素原子を有するオレフィン系樹脂(例えばポリプロピレンやポリブテン-1等、或いはこれらの共重合体)、熱可塑性ポリエステル若しくは脂肪族ポリアミド;キシリレン基含有ポリアミド樹脂;エチレン系不飽和基含有重合体(例えばブタジエン等のポリエンから誘導される重合体);などである。また、遷移金属系触媒としては、鉄、コバルト、ニッケル等の遷移金属の無機塩、有機酸塩或いは錯塩が代表的である。
上述した各層の厚みは、各層に要求される特性に応じて、適宜の厚みに設定されればよい。
容器の形状は、特に制限されず、カップまたはコップ状、ボトル状、袋状(パウチ)、シリンジ状、ツボ状、トレイ状等、容器材質に応じた形態を有していてよく、延伸成形されていてもよく、それ自体公知の方法で成形される。
図2において、全体として10で示されるこのボトルは、螺条を備えた首部11、肩部13を介して首部11に連なる胴部壁15及び胴部壁15の下端を閉じている底壁17を有しており、このようなボトルの内面に液膜3が形成されることとなる。
かかるボトル10は、粘稠な物質の収容に好適に使用され、内容物が充填された後、アルミ箔18等でシールされ、さらにキャップ19が装着されて使用に供される。かかるボトルでは、キャップ19を取り除き、アルミ箔18を剥がした後、胴部壁15をスクイズすることにより、内部に収容された粘稠な物質を排出するというものであり、このようなボトルの内面に、非ニュートン水性液体による液膜3が形成され、内容物に対する滑り性及びその持続性が向上していれば、このような内容物を速やかに排出することができるし、しかも、その全量を排出し、該内容物を使い切ることも可能となる。
本発明において、上記のような基材1の表面に設けられる液膜3は、上述したように、非ニュートン水性液体であり、例えば水溶性高分子を水に溶解させることにより得られる増粘水により形成される。
天然高分子、例えば、グアーガム、キサンタンガム、ローカストビーンガム、クインシードガム、カラギーナン、ペクチン、マンナン、デンプン、寒天等の植物多糖類系高分子;ザンサンガム、サクシノグリカン、カードラン、ヒアルロン酸、デキストラン等の微生物多糖類系高分子;ゼラチオン、カゼイン、アルブミン、コラーゲン等の植物タンパク質系高分子;
半合成高分子、例えば、メチルセルロース、エチルセルロース、ヒドロキシセルロース、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロース、カチオン化セルロース等のセルロース系高分子;可溶化デンプン、カルボキシメチルデンプン等のデンプン系高分子、アルギン酸プロピレングリコールエステルなどのアルギン酸系高分子、及び多糖類誘導体系高分子;
合成高分子、例えば、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリアクリル酸、ポリアクリルアミド及びその誘導体などのビニル系高分子;その他、ポリエチレンオキサイド、ポリエチレンオキサイド-ポリプロピレンオキサイドブロック共重合体;
θ1>θ2 (1)
式中、
θ1は、空気中における前記基材上での前記水性液体の接触角であり、
θ2は、空気中における前記粘性物質上での前記水性液体の接触角
である、
で表される接触角条件を満足していることが好ましく、これにより、粘性物質に対する滑り性をより高めることができる。
しかも、液膜3は基材1に対して、濡れ広がりにくいため、経時変化における薄膜化(すなわち、クリープによる液膜3の薄膜化)が起こりにくくなるようになっているため、後述の実施例で示すように、経時における滑り性の長寿命化にも寄与しているものと推察される。
ここで、θ1が大きいことで、液膜3が基材1から剥がれてしまうとも考えられるのであるが、液膜3は非ニュートン性の液体であり(特に、チキソトロピー液体)、基材1と液膜3の界面では、液膜3を形成している水性液体が極めて高い粘度を示すため、液膜3が基材1から剥がれてしまうとは考えにくい。
このことも、経時における滑り性の長寿命化に寄与していると推察される。
上述した基材1と液膜3とを有する本発明の構造体は、液膜3の上に粘性物質5を、この液膜3と接触するように存在させて使用に供される。
尚、上述した本発明の構造体において、液膜3は、水溶性高分子と水とを混合して得られる水性液体を、基材1の表面部分(乳化物と接触する部分)に塗布することにより形成される。
塗布手段としては、基材1の形態に応じて、スプレー噴霧、ナイフコーティング、ロールコーティング等、それ自体公知の手段で行うことができるが、増粘水がチキソトロピー性を有していることから、スプレー噴霧が最も好適に採用される。
このようにして内容物31の充填を行うと、図5(a)に示されているように、内容物31は、液体33に覆われた状態で空容器30の内部に供給されていくこととなる。
各実施例、比較例にて使用した容器、液膜、内容物は次のとおりである。
下記の層構成を有する多層構造を有し、且つ内容量400gの多層ダイレクトブローボトルを供した。
内層:低密度ポリエチレン樹脂(LDPE)
中間層:エチレン-ビニルアルコール共重合体(EVOH)
外層:低密度ポリエチレン樹脂(LDPE)
接着層(内外層と中間層との間):酸変性ポリオレフィン
キサンタンガム水溶液
所定量のキサンタンガムを用意し、水100gで十分に混合し、水溶液を調製した。
グアーガム水溶液
所定量のグアーガムを用意し、水100gに十分に混合し、水溶液を調製した。
中鎖脂肪酸添加サラダ油(粘度:33mPa・s)
接触角測定;
20℃、50%RHの条件下で、接触角計(協和界面科学(株)社DropMaster700)を用いて、基材(容器内面)、および粘性物質に対する各種液体の空気中における接触角(約2μL)を測定した。
空気中における、各種液体の基材上での接触角をθ1、粘性物質上での接触角をθ2とした。
水性液体の粘度測定;
デジタル粘度計(Brookfield製)のLVスピンドル LV4を用いて、25℃、それぞれの回転数でスピンドルを1分間回転させ、粘度測定を行った。
粘性物質として、水中油型乳化物(脂質含有量=34%、粘度=1260mPa・s)を用いた。なお、粘度は音叉型振動式粘度計SV-10((株)エー・アンド・デイ製)を用いて25℃で測定した値である。
ボトル内に、噴霧ノズルを底まで挿入し、水性液体(あるいは油性液体)を噴霧しながら引き上げることによりボトル底部から側壁全面に塗布した。液膜が形成されているこのボトル内に、内容物として、前述の粘性物質を常法で400g充填し、ボトル口部をアルミ箔でヒートシールし、キャップで密封して充填ボトルを得た。
内容物が充填された充填ボトルを23℃で1週間保管した(初期ボトル)。
充填済みのボトルを、表1に示す各保管期間・温度にて更に保管し、胴部を押し、ボトル口部を通して内容物を最後まで搾り出した後、このボトル内に空気を入れ形状を復元させた。
次いで、このボトルを倒立(口部を下側)にして1時間保管した後のボトル胴部壁の内容物滑り性の程度(胴部壁に内容物が付着していない程度)を測定し、次の式で内容物付着率を計算した。
内容物付着率(%)
=(内容物が付着している表面積/ボトル胴部壁表面積)×100
上記で計算された内容物付着率から、滑り性を次の基準で評価した。
○:内容物付着率が10%未満
△:内容物付着率が10%以上で50%未満
×:内容物付着率が50%以上
キサンタンガム1g、純水100gを用意し、これらを混合して水性液体を用意した。この水性液体を用いて、前述の粘度測定を行った。回転数20rpmでの粘度は1200mPa・s、1rpmでの粘度は14997mPa・sであり、非ニュートン性を示した。
この水性液体を用いて、前述の接触角測定を行った。結果を表1に示す。
さらに、前述の容器(ボトル)を用意し、滑り性評価を行った。水性液体の塗布はエアースプレーを用いた。滑り性評価の結果をまとめて表1に示す。
グアーガム1g、水100gを用意し、これらを混合して水性液体を用意した。
この水性液体を用いて、実施例1と同様に、接触角測定、滑り性評価を行った。結果をまとめて表1に示す。
液体として、中鎖脂肪酸添加サラダ油(粘度33mPa・s、ニュートン性液体)を用いて、実施例1と同様に、接触角測定、滑り性試験を行った。結果をまとめて表1に示す。
また、この実施例1、2では、基材上での接触角θ1が粘性物質上での接触角θ2よりも大きくなっており、液膜3の滑り性の長寿命化に寄与していると考えられる。
成形したボトルに、表2中に示す量の液膜用の液体を、エアースプレーにて塗布し、内容物を充填後、数回内容物を動かした後、気泡の発生確認を行った。その後、滑り性を評価した。その結果を表2に示した。
成形したボトルに、水をエアースプレーにて塗布し、内容物を充填後、数回内容物を動かした後、気泡の発生確認を行った。その後、滑り性を評価した。
また、食用油(中鎖脂肪酸添加サラダ油)の液膜が形成されている先の比較例1で作成されたボトルについても、同様に内容物を充填後、数回内容物を動かした後、気泡の発生確認を行い、さらに滑り性を評価した。その結果を表2に示した。
3:液膜
5:粘性物質
7:気泡
10:ダイレクトブローボトル
11:首部
13:肩部
15:胴部壁
17:底壁
18:アルミ箔
19:キャップ
Claims (13)
- 基材と、その表面に形成された液膜とを有する構造体において、該液膜は、非ニュートン性水性液体により形成されていることを特徴とする構造体。
- 前記非ニュートン性水性液体は、水溶性高分子により増粘された水である請求項1に記載の構造体。
- 前記水溶性高分子が、キサンタンガム、グアーガム、ジェランガム、ペクチン、カルボキシルメチルセルロース、ゼラチン、アルギン酸、寒天及びカラギーナンからなる群より選択された少なくとも1種である請求項2に記載の構造体。
- 前記非ニュートン性水性液体は、回転数20rpmで測定した粘度(25℃)が690mPa・s以上の範囲にある請求項2に記載の構造体。
- 前記液膜は、0.5~10mg/cm2の量で前記基材表面上に形成されている請求項1に記載の構造体。
- 前記液膜上に、粘性物質が存在している請求項1に記載の構造体。
- 前記粘性物質が乳化物である請求項6に記載の構造体。
- 前記乳化物が、マヨネーズ様食品である請求項7に記載の構造体。
- 前記非ニュートン性水性液体は、下記式(1):
θ1>θ2 (1)
式中、
θ1は、空気中における前記基材上での該水性液体の接触角であり、
θ2は、空気中における前記粘性物質上での該水性液体の接触角である、
で表される接触角条件を満足している請求項6に記載の構造体。 - 空気中における前記基材上での前記非ニュートン性水性液体の接触角θ1が70度以上である請求項9に記載の構造体。
- 前記基材が、樹脂製表面を有するものである請求項1に記載の構造体。
- 前記樹脂が、ポリオレフィンまたはポリエステルである請求項11に記載の構造体。
- 前記基材が容器であり、前記液膜が容器内面に形成されており、前記粘性物質が該容器内に収容されている内容物である請求項6に記載の構造体。
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