WO2016208619A1 - 採光装置 - Google Patents
採光装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016208619A1 WO2016208619A1 PCT/JP2016/068506 JP2016068506W WO2016208619A1 WO 2016208619 A1 WO2016208619 A1 WO 2016208619A1 JP 2016068506 W JP2016068506 W JP 2016068506W WO 2016208619 A1 WO2016208619 A1 WO 2016208619A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- daylighting
- base material
- window glass
- light
- film
- Prior art date
Links
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
- B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
- C03C27/06—Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C4/00—Compositions for glass with special properties
- C03C4/0092—Compositions for glass with special properties for glass with improved high visible transmittance, e.g. extra-clear glass
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S11/00—Non-electric lighting devices or systems using daylight
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S11/00—Non-electric lighting devices or systems using daylight
- F21S11/002—Non-electric lighting devices or systems using daylight characterised by the means for collecting or concentrating the sunlight, e.g. parabolic reflectors or Fresnel lenses
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S11/00—Non-electric lighting devices or systems using daylight
- F21S11/007—Non-electric lighting devices or systems using daylight characterised by the means for transmitting light into the interior of a building
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V3/00—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V3/00—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses
- F21V3/02—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses characterised by the shape
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V3/00—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses
- F21V3/04—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V3/00—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses
- F21V3/04—Globes; Bowls; Cover glasses characterised by materials, surface treatments or coatings
- F21V3/049—Patterns or structured surfaces for diffusing light, e.g. frosted surfaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
- F21V5/04—Refractors for light sources of lens shape
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
- G02B5/0205—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties
- G02B5/021—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures
- G02B5/0221—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties the diffusion taking place at the element's surface, e.g. by means of surface roughening or microprismatic structures the surface having an irregular structure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
- G02B5/0273—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use
- G02B5/0278—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use used in transmission
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
- G02B5/0273—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use
- G02B5/0294—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use adapted to provide an additional optical effect, e.g. anti-reflection or filter
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
- G02B5/20—Filters
- G02B5/208—Filters for use with infrared or ultraviolet radiation, e.g. for separating visible light from infrared and/or ultraviolet radiation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a daylighting apparatus.
- This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-126829 filed in Japan on June 24, 2015, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
- JP 2002-226237 A Japanese Patent No. 4003908
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a daylighting apparatus capable of introducing a daylighting system and a multi-layer glass structure simply by being attached to an existing window glass or a window frame that supports the window glass.
- the purpose is to provide.
- a daylighting device is a daylighting device that is used by being attached to at least one of an existing window glass and a window frame that supports the window glass.
- a first spacer provided on an outer edge portion of the surface of the first base material facing the window glass and attached to at least one of the window glass and the window frame; and the window of the first base material.
- a daylighting member provided on a surface facing the glass, and the daylighting member is adjacent to the light transmissive second base material and at least a surface side of the second base material facing the window glass.
- a plurality of light-transmitting protrusion-shaped daylighting portions provided.
- a Low-E film may be formed between the first base material and the daylighting member.
- the Low-E film may be covered with the daylighting member on a surface of the first base material facing the window glass.
- a gas barrier layer may be laminated on a surface of the daylighting member facing the Low-E film.
- the first substrate is perpendicular to the top and bottom direction of the window glass at a position facing the daylighting member on a surface opposite to the surface facing the windowglass.
- a light scattering portion that scatters light in the direction may be provided.
- a light-transmitting third base material In the daylighting device of one aspect of the present invention, a light-transmitting third base material, a second spacer provided on an outer edge portion of the surface of the third base material facing the first base material, and a light scattering portion
- the light scattering device has a surface opposite to the surface facing the window glass of the first base material, and the light scattering portion faces the first base material. May be attached via the second spacer.
- the light scattering portion includes fine unevenness formed on a surface opposite to the surface facing the window glass of the first base material, and the fine unevenness is When the first base material is attached to at least one of the window glass and the window frame via the first spacer, the first base material is formed along a direction that is a top-to-bottom direction of the first base material. It may be.
- the light scattering portion includes a plurality of convex lenses provided on the surface of the first base material opposite to the surface facing the window glass and parallel to and adjacent to each other. And the plurality of convex lenses, when the first base material is attached to at least one of the window glass and the window frame via the first spacer, It may be provided along the direction.
- a daylighting apparatus that can introduce a daylighting system and a multi-layer glass structure by simply pasting to an existing window glass or a window frame that supports the window glass.
- FIG. 17 is a room model including a lighting device and an illumination dimming system, and is a cross-sectional view taken along the line J-J ′ of FIG. 16. It is a top view which shows the ceiling of a room model.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a daylighting apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the X direction is the normal direction of the first base material of the daylighting device
- the Y direction is the direction orthogonal to the X direction (the width direction of the first base material)
- the Z direction is orthogonal to the X direction and the Y direction.
- Direction (height direction of the first base material).
- the daylighting apparatus 10 of this embodiment is used by being attached to a window frame 110 that supports an existing window glass 100.
- the daylighting apparatus 10 includes an outer edge portion of a light-transmissive first base material 11 and a surface (hereinafter referred to as “one surface”) 11 a that faces the window glass 100 (window frame 110) of the first base material 11.
- the first spacer 12 provided on the window frame 110 and the daylighting member 13 provided on the one surface 11a of the first base 11 are provided.
- the 1st spacer 12 is provided over the whole outer edge part (entire periphery) of the one surface 11a of the 1st base material 11, and has comprised frame shape when planarly viewed.
- the daylighting member 13 includes a light transmissive second base material 14 and a plurality of light transmissive protruding daylighting portions 15 provided adjacent to one surface 14 a of the second base material 14.
- the projecting daylighting unit 15 is provided in a portion of the one surface 14a of the second base material 14 that is disposed on the upper side in the vertical direction (vertical direction) when the lighting device 10 is attached to the window frame 110. ing. Moreover, the edge of the projection-shaped lighting part 15 adjacent to each other is in contact.
- the daylighting member 13 is provided on one surface 11 a of the first base material 11 via the adhesive layer 16.
- the first base material 11 is not particularly limited as long as it is a light transmissive base material.
- a glass base material, a base material made of a light transmissive resin, or the like is used.
- the base material made of a light-transmitting resin include acrylic polymers, olefin polymers, vinyl polymers, cellulose polymers, amide polymers, fluorine polymers, urethane polymers, silicone polymers, imide polymers, and the like.
- a base material made of a light transmissive resin is used.
- the first base material 11 a triacetyl cellulose (TAC) film, a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, a cycloolefin polymer (COP) film, a polycarbonate (PC) film, a polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) film, A light transmissive substrate such as a polyethersulfone (PES) film or a polyimide (PI) film is used.
- TAC triacetyl cellulose
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- COP cycloolefin polymer
- PC polycarbonate
- PEN polyethylene naphthalate
- a light transmissive substrate such as a polyethersulfone (PES) film or a polyimide (PI) film is used.
- the light transmittance of the first base material 11 in the present embodiment means that the total light transmittance defined in JIS K7361-1 is 90% or more. When the total light transmittance of the first base material 11 is 90% or more, the first
- the spacer 12 is a member for keeping the interval between the window glass 100 and the daylighting member 13 to a predetermined size so that the daylighting member 13 does not contact the windowpane 100 when the daylighting device 10 is attached to the window frame 110. is there. That is, the thickness of the spacer 12 (the length in the X direction in FIG. 1) is appropriately adjusted according to the thickness of the daylighting member 13 (the length in the X direction in FIG. 1).
- the spacer 12 is made of an aluminum hollow material. Further, a drying material such as granular silica gel is enclosed in the internal space of the spacer 12. Further, a moisture absorption window (not shown) is provided on the inner side surface 12 a of the spacer 12. Thus, by attaching the daylighting device 10 to the window frame 110, moisture in the space 130 formed between the daylighting device 10 and the window glass 110 and the window frame 110 is removed by the drying material in the spacer 12. can do.
- the spacer 12 is provided on one surface 11a of the first base material 11 via a sealing material (not shown).
- a sealing material for example, a butyl rubber etc. are mentioned.
- the daylighting member 13 absorbs solar radiation
- the window glass 100 on which the daylighting member 13 is bonded is exposed to solar radiation, it may be thermally cracked. Therefore, it is preferable that the daylighting member 13 does not absorb solar radiation as much as possible.
- Solar radiation is defined by radiation between 300 nm and 2500 nm that falls from the sun.
- the solar radiation transmittance (6.4.4) and solar radiation reflectance (6.4.5) are calculated by the weight coefficient defined in JIS A5759, based on the transmittance and reflectance in the wavelength range.
- the index (%) of solar radiation absorption can be evaluated using the value represented by the following formula (1) as an index.
- the solar radiation absorption index (%) of the daylighting member 13 in the present embodiment is preferably 5 (%) or less.
- the solar radiation transmittance was 89.0 (% )
- the solar reflectance was 10.5 (%)
- the index of solar radiation absorption was 0.5 (%).
- the second base material 14 for example, light transmission made of an acrylic polymer, an olefin polymer, a vinyl polymer, a cellulose polymer, an amide polymer, a fluorine polymer, a urethane polymer, a silicone polymer, an imide polymer, or the like.
- a flexible substrate is used.
- the second substrate 14 a triacetyl cellulose (TAC) film, a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, a cycloolefin polymer (COP) film, a polycarbonate (PC) film, a polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) film, Examples thereof include light transmissive substrates such as polyethersulfone (PES) film and polyimide (PI) film.
- TAC triacetyl cellulose
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- COP cycloolefin polymer
- PC polycarbonate
- PEN polyethylene naphthalate
- Examples thereof include light transmissive substrates such as polyethersulfone (PES) film and polyimide (PI) film.
- PES polyethersulfone
- PI polyimide
- the projecting daylighting unit 15 includes, for example, a resin such as an acrylic resin, an epoxy resin, or a silicone resin, and is made of an organic material having light transmittance and photosensitivity.
- a resin such as an acrylic resin, an epoxy resin, or a silicone resin
- the organic material a mixture obtained by mixing the above resin with a polymerization initiator, a coupling agent, a monomer, an organic solvent, and the like is used.
- the polymerization initiator may contain various additional components such as a stabilizer, an inhibitor, a plasticizer, a fluorescent brightening agent, a release agent, a chain transfer agent, and other photopolymerizable monomers.
- a light-transmitting organic material described in Japanese Patent No. 41299991 is used as the organic material.
- the total light transmittance of the projecting daylighting unit 15 is preferably 90% or more in accordance with JIS K7361-1. When the total light transmittance of the projecting daylighting unit 15 is 90% or more, the projecting daylight
- Each of the plurality of projecting daylighting portions 15 has a longitudinal direction in approximately one direction (Y direction), and the one direction is arranged in a direction parallel to one side of the second base material 14 having a rectangular shape. ing.
- each of the plurality of projecting daylighting portions 15 is configured as a striped projecting portion having a constant width extending in the Y direction.
- the longitudinal directions of the plurality of projecting daylighting portions 15 are arranged in a direction parallel to one side of the second base material 14 having a rectangular shape.
- the shape of the cross section (XZ cross section) parallel to the width direction of the projecting daylighting unit 15 in each of the plurality of projecting daylighting units 15 is a trapezoid, a triangle, or a polygon that is a pentagon or more.
- FIG. 1 the case where the shape of the cross section parallel to the width direction of the projection-shaped lighting part 15 is a pentagon is shown.
- the widths w of the plurality of projecting daylighting units 15 are all equal.
- the width w of the projecting daylighting unit 15 is, for example, 10 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m.
- the height (the height in the normal direction (X direction) of the second base material 14 of the projecting daylighting unit 15) with respect to the one surface 14a of the second base material 14 of the projecting daylighting unit 15 is h.
- the heights h of the plurality of projecting daylighting portions 15 are all equal.
- the height h of the projecting daylighting unit 15 is, for example, 10 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m.
- the material constituting the adhesive layer 16 examples include acrylic adhesives, urethane adhesives, polyester adhesives, silicone adhesives, rubber adhesives, and the like. Among these, an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive is preferably used.
- the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive is a polymer containing an acrylic monomer unit as a main component.
- the acrylic monomer include (meth) acrylic acid, itaconic acid, (anhydrous) maleic acid, (anhydrous) fumaric acid, crotonic acid, and alkyl esters thereof.
- (meth) acrylic acid is a general term for acrylic acid and methacrylic acid. The same applies to (meth) acrylate.
- the acrylic monomers those having (meth) acrylic acid or an alkyl ester thereof as a main component are preferable.
- the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive contains a functional group that can be a cross-linking point with a cross-linking agent in order to increase its cohesive strength.
- the crosslinking agent include melamine resin, urea resin, epoxy resin, metal oxide, metal salt, metal hydroxide, metal chelate, polyisocyanate, carboxy group-containing polymer, acid anhydride, and polyamine. That is, as the crosslinking agent, a monomer having a functional group that can serve as a crosslinking point (for example, a hydroxy group, a glycidyl group, etc.) is used. Examples of the monomer having a functional group that can serve as a crosslinking point include hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, glycidyl (meth) acrylate, and the like.
- the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive may contain a silane coupling agent in order to adjust the adhesion.
- a silane coupling agent an organosilicon compound having at least one alkoxysilyl group in the molecule is preferably used.
- the acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive may contain an ultraviolet absorber. Examples of the ultraviolet absorber include benzotriazole, benzophenone, salicylate, cyanoacrylate, triazine, oxanilide, nickel complex, and inorganic ultraviolet absorbers.
- the lighting device 10 is affixed to the window frame 110 that supports the window glass 100 so that the arrangement direction of the projecting daylighting portions 15 is the vertical direction (the vertical direction).
- the spacer 12 is affixed to the window frame 110 via a sealing material (not shown).
- a sealing material For example, a butyl rubber etc. are mentioned.
- the light inserted from above the daylighting device 10 is refracted in the projecting daylighting unit 15 and the other surface 14 b of the second base material 14, and emitted toward the upper side of the daylighting device 10.
- the light emitted toward the upper side of the daylighting apparatus 10 is guided to the indoor ceiling or the interior, and illuminates the interior brightly.
- the daylighting apparatus 10 can be installed on the window glass 100 simply by attaching the daylighting apparatus 10 to the window frame 110 that supports the existing window glass 100.
- the lighting device 10 of the present embodiment the lighting device can be installed without replacing the sash. Therefore, the cost for replacing the sash is not required, and the economy is improved. Moreover, since the process of replacing the sash can be omitted, the process can be shortened and the workability is improved.
- a daylighting system can be introduce
- the present embodiment the case where the edges of the projecting daylighting portions 15 adjacent to each other are in contact with each other is illustrated, but the present embodiment is not limited to this.
- the end edges of the projecting daylighting units 15 adjacent to each other may be connected such that part of the end surfaces of the projecting daylighting units 15 adjacent to each other on the second base material 14 side overlap. .
- a part of the projecting daylighting unit 15 adjacent to each other may not be in contact.
- a part of the pair of projecting daylighting units 15 adjacent to each other may be in contact.
- the plurality of protrusion-shaped daylighting units 15 only need to include a configuration in which a part of the pair of adjacent protrusion-shaped daylighting units 15 is in contact with each other.
- the daylighting apparatus 10 of the present embodiment may be provided with a Low-E film and a gas barrier layer, which will be described later.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a daylighting apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the X direction is the normal direction of the first base material of the daylighting device
- the Y direction is the direction orthogonal to the X direction (the width direction of the first base material)
- the Z direction is orthogonal to the X direction and the Y direction.
- Direction (height direction of the first base material).
- the daylighting apparatus 200 of this embodiment is used by being attached to a window frame 110 that supports an existing window glass 100.
- the daylighting device 200 includes a light-transmissive first base material 11, a first spacer 12 that is provided on the outer edge portion of one surface 11 a of the first base material 11, and is attached to the window frame 110, and a first base material
- the light scattering portion 210 is provided at a position facing the daylighting member 13 on the other surface 11 b of the first base material 11. As shown in FIG. 2, the light scattering portion 210 may be provided at least on the other surface 11 b of the first base material 11 at a position facing the protruding daylighting portion 15 constituting the daylighting member 13.
- the light scattering unit 210 scatters light in a direction perpendicular to the vertical direction of the window glass 100.
- the light scattering portion 210 includes fine irregularities 220 formed on the other surface 11 b of the first base material 11.
- the fine unevenness 220 is formed along a direction that is the vertical direction (vertical direction) of the first base material 11 when the first base material 11 is attached to the window frame 110 via the first spacer 12. ing.
- corrugation 220 is not specifically limited, For example, it forms by formation methods, such as the etching method mentioned later and a sandblast method.
- the fine irregularities 220 formed by the etching method have a pseudo lenticular structure as shown in FIG. 3, for example.
- the light scattering unit 210 may include a plurality of convex lenses 230 provided on the other surface 11 b of the first base material 11 in parallel and adjacent to each other.
- the plurality of convex lenses 230 are formed along a direction that is a vertical direction (vertical direction) of the first base material 11 when the first base material 11 is attached to the window frame 110 via the first spacer 12. ing.
- the convex lens 230 may be integrated with the first base material 11 by processing the first base material 11 itself, or may be separate from the first base material 11.
- the intensity of light scattering (diffusing) in the light scattering unit 210 can be changed.
- a light transmissive resin made of a resin such as a thermoplastic polymer, a thermosetting resin, or a photopolymerizable resin is used.
- the light transmissive resin include acrylic polymers, olefin polymers, vinyl polymers, cellulose polymers, amide polymers, fluorine polymers, urethane polymers, silicone polymers, imide polymers, and the like.
- the light-transmitting resin examples include triacetyl cellulose (TAC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), cycloolefin polymer (COP), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyethersulfone ( PES) and polyimide (PI).
- TAC triacetyl cellulose
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- COP cycloolefin polymer
- PC polycarbonate
- PEN polyethylene naphthalate
- PES polyethersulfone
- PI polyimide
- the total light transmittance of the convex lens 230 is preferably 90% or more, for example. Thereby, sufficient transparency is obtained.
- the light diffusion pattern (concave / convex shape) of the convex lens 230 can be formed on the other surface 11b side of the first base material 11 by patterning by photolithography and then performing a heat dripping treatment as necessary. Therefore, the convex lens 230 can be easily patterned, and can be formed in a large area by continuing the pattern by step-and-repeat.
- the external light (sunlight) taken by the daylighting member of the daylighting device enters the room in a straight line. Therefore, on a day when sunlight hits the daylighting device directly, such as on a sunny day, the sunlight refracted by the daylighting member enters the room (depending on the height of the daylighting device installation and the position of the sun). )
- light rays that illuminate the ceiling may directly enter the human eye. In this way, the light directly incident on the human eye is dazzling and thus is recognized as an unpleasant glare.
- Sunlight can be regarded as a point light source with very high brightness and directivity. Therefore, when sunlight enters the room in a straight line, the sunlight enters the room with the characteristics of high brightness and high directivity. In this way, if the sunlight that has entered the room straightly enters the human eye, it will feel very dazzling.
- the light scattering unit 210 is provided in the daylighting apparatus 200 for the purpose of preventing the above-described glare. It is preferable that external light including sunlight that enters the daylighting apparatus 200 is converted to light that has been diffused before exiting the daylighting apparatus 200. When the light is diffused, the luminance in a specific direction is reduced and it is difficult to cause glare. Light emitted from the daylighting apparatus 200 is scattered by the light scattering unit 210 in a direction perpendicular to the top-and-bottom direction of the window glass 100. Thereby, the brightness
- Scattering the light emitted from the daylighting device 200 in the direction perpendicular to the top and bottom direction of the window glass 100 reduces the amount of light reaching the back of the room, but spreads the light in the direction perpendicular to the top and bottom direction of the room.
- 5A and 5B are graphs showing scattering characteristics of the light scattering unit 210 provided in the daylighting apparatus 200 of the present embodiment.
- the light scattering unit 210 is irradiated with light from the vertical direction, and a light receiver provided on the opposite side of the light scattering unit 210 from the light source is moved in a polar angle direction. The light is received by the light receiver and the transmission intensity of the illumination is measured. In the graph obtained by this measurement, the transmission intensity is 1 when the transmission intensity is maximum. It is preferable that the light scattering unit 210 in the present embodiment has a large degree of light scattering (diffusing) in a direction perpendicular to the vertical direction of the window glass 100.
- the light scattering unit 210 preferably has a full width at half maximum of 15 degrees to 70 degrees in a graph showing scattering characteristics.
- the full width at half maximum is less than 15 degrees, the spread of light in the direction perpendicular to the vertical direction of the window glass 100 is too small. Therefore, it is not preferable because sunlight is not softened and directly enters the human eye and is recognized as glare.
- the full width at half maximum exceeds 70 degrees, the spread of light in the direction perpendicular to the vertical direction of the window glass 100 is too large. For this reason, the amount of light transmitted through the light scattering portion 210 is reduced, which is not preferable.
- the light scattering part 210 has a small degree of light scattering (diffusing) in the vertical direction (ceiling direction) of the window glass 100. Specifically, it is more preferable that the light scattering section 210 has a full width at half maximum of about 10 degrees or less in a graph showing scattering characteristics.
- the light scattering unit 210 has a large degree of scattering (diffusing) light in a direction perpendicular to the vertical direction of the window glass 100. However, it is preferable that the light scattering unit 210 does not scatter (diffuse) light in the vertical direction of the window glass 100.
- the light scattering unit 210 does not scatter (diffuse) light in the vertical direction of the window glass 100.
- the light diffuses not only in the ceiling direction but also on the floor side. Therefore, the light directly enters the eyes of a person on the floor side and is recognized as glare.
- the light scattering unit 210 has a large degree of scattering (diffusing) light in a direction perpendicular to the top-and-bottom direction of the window glass 100, and a small degree of scattering (diffusing) light in the top-and-bottom direction of the window glass 100. Is preferred.
- the light scattering portion 210 has a full width at half maximum of 68 degrees in a direction perpendicular to the top-and-bottom direction of the window glass 100, and light is diffused greatly.
- the full width at half maximum in the top-and-bottom direction of the window glass 100 is 5 degrees, and light is hardly diffused.
- the light scattering portion 210 has a full width at half maximum in the direction perpendicular to the top-and-bottom direction of the window glass 100 of 34 degrees, and light is diffused greatly.
- the light scattering portion 210 has a full width at half maximum in the vertical direction of the window glass 100 of 3 degrees, and light is hardly diffused.
- the daylighting apparatus 200 can be installed on the window glass 100 only by pasting the daylighting apparatus 200 on the window frame 110 that supports the existing window glass 100.
- the daylighting apparatus can be installed without replacing the sash. Therefore, the cost for replacing the sash is not required, and the economy is improved. Moreover, since the process of replacing the sash can be omitted, the process can be shortened and the workability is improved.
- a daylighting system can be introduce
- a multi-layer glass structure including the existing window glass 100 and the daylighting device 200, it is possible to introduce a daylighting system having high energy saving property that cuts off heat while introducing light indoors.
- a light scattering portion 210 is provided at a position facing the daylighting member 13 on the other surface 11 b of the first base material 11. For this reason, light can be taken in efficiently on the ceiling side of the room, but the glare is not recognized by a person in the room.
- the daylighting apparatus 200 of the present embodiment may be provided with a Low-E film and a gas barrier layer, which will be described later.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a daylighting apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the X direction is the normal direction of the first base material of the daylighting device
- the Y direction is the direction orthogonal to the X direction (the width direction of the first base material)
- the Z direction is orthogonal to the X direction and the Y direction.
- Direction (height direction of the first base material).
- the daylighting apparatus 300 of the present embodiment is used by being attached to an existing window glass 100.
- the daylighting apparatus 300 includes a first base 11 that is light transmissive, a first spacer 12 that is provided on the outer edge of one surface 11a of the first base 11 and is attached to the window glass 100, and a first base. 11 and a low-E film 310 formed between the first base material 11 and the daylighting member 13.
- the Low-E film 310 is formed on one surface 11 a of the first base material 11, and the daylighting member 13 is provided on the Low-E film 310. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the Low-E film 310 is preferably covered with the daylighting member 13 via the adhesive layer 16 on one surface 11 a of the first base material 11. That is, the daylighting member 13 is provided on the surface 310 a opposite to the surface in contact with the one surface 11 a of the first base material 11 in the Low-E film 310 via the adhesive layer 16.
- the Low-E film 310 is covered with the daylighting member 13 on the one surface 11 a of the first base material 11, the light is observed when viewed from the one surface 11 a side of the first base material 11.
- the area of the member 13 is larger than the area of the Low-E film 310, and the daylighting member 13 is provided on the Low-E film 310 so that the Low-E film 310 does not protrude from the outer edge of the daylighting member 13. To tell.
- the Low-E film 310 is a heat ray shielding film in which a first oxide film, a silver (Ag) film, and a second oxide film are laminated in this order.
- the first oxide film is composed of a metal oxide such as tin oxide, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, tungsten oxide, antimony-containing tin oxide, and tin-containing indium oxide.
- the second oxide film is composed of a metal oxide such as tin oxide, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, tungsten oxide, antimony-containing tin oxide, and tin-containing indium oxide.
- the first oxide film and the second oxide film function as a protective film for the silver film.
- the total light transmittance of the Low-E film 310 is preferably 90% or more in accordance with JIS K7361-1. When the total light transmittance of the Low-E film 310 is 90% or more, the Low-E film 310 can obtain sufficient transparency.
- the thickness of the Low-E film 310 is not particularly limited as long as the total light transmittance satisfies the above range. In addition, the thickness of the Low-E film 310 is appropriately adjusted in order to obtain a desired heat insulating effect.
- the daylighting apparatus 300 can be installed on the window glass 100 only by pasting the daylighting apparatus 300 on the existing window glass 100.
- the daylighting apparatus can be installed without replacing the sash. Therefore, the cost for replacing the sash is not required, and the economy is improved.
- the process of replacing the sash can be omitted. Therefore, a process can be shortened and workability improves.
- a daylighting system can be introduce
- a multi-layer glass structure including the existing window glass 100 and the daylighting device 300, it is possible to introduce a daylighting system having high energy saving property that cuts off heat while introducing light indoors.
- a Low-E film 310 that is a heat ray shielding film is formed between the first base material 11 and the daylighting member 13. Therefore, the heat insulation effect of the room can be enhanced.
- the Low-E film 310 is covered with the daylighting member 13 on one surface 11 a of the first base material 11.
- the lighting member 13 avoids the Low-E film 310 from coming into direct contact with moisture (humidity) in the air and is exposed to the atmosphere for a long time, the Low-E film 310 is likely to deteriorate due to moisture (humidity) in the atmosphere. -E film 310 can be protected.
- FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a daylighting apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. 7, the same components as those of the daylighting device of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the daylighting device of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2, and the daylighting device of the third embodiment shown in FIG. Reference numerals are assigned and explanations thereof are omitted.
- the X direction is the normal direction of the first base material of the daylighting device
- the Y direction is the direction orthogonal to the X direction (the width direction of the first base material)
- the Z direction is orthogonal to the X direction and the Y direction.
- Direction (height direction of the first base material). As shown in FIG.
- the daylighting apparatus 400 of this embodiment is used by being attached to an existing window glass 100.
- the daylighting device 400 includes a first base 11 that is light transmissive, a first spacer 12 that is provided on the outer edge of one surface 11 a of the first base 11, and is attached to the window glass 100. 11, the daylighting member 13 provided on one surface 11 a, the light scattering portion 210 provided on the other surface 11 b of the first base material 11 at a position facing the daylighting member 13, and the first base material 11 And a Low-E film 310 formed between the daylighting members 13.
- the Low-E film 310 is formed on one surface 11 a of the first base material 11, and the daylighting member 13 is provided on the Low-E film 310. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the Low-E film 310 is preferably covered with the daylighting member 13 on one surface 11 a of the first base material 11.
- the light scattering portion 210 is composed of fine irregularities 220. Further, the light scattering portion 210 is provided at a position facing the daylighting member 13 on the other surface 11 b of the first base material 11. As shown in FIG. 7, the light scattering unit 210 may be provided at least on the other surface 11 b of the first base material 11 at a position facing the projecting daylighting unit 15 constituting the daylighting member 13. In the present embodiment, the light scattering portion 210 provided on the first base material 11 and the protruding daylighting portion 15 of the daylighting member 13 face each other with the Low-E film 310 interposed therebetween.
- the daylighting apparatus 400 can be installed on the window glass 100 by simply attaching the daylighting apparatus 400 to the existing window glass 100.
- the daylighting apparatus 400 of the present embodiment the daylighting apparatus can be installed without replacing the sash. Therefore, the cost for replacing the sash is not required, and the economy is improved.
- the process of replacing the sash can be omitted. Therefore, a process can be shortened and workability improves.
- a daylighting system can be introduce
- a multi-layer glass structure including the existing window glass 100 and the daylighting device 400, it is possible to introduce a daylighting system having high energy saving property that cuts off heat while introducing light indoors.
- a light scattering portion 210 is provided at a position facing the daylighting member 13 on the other surface 11 b of the first base material 11. For this reason, light can be taken in efficiently on the ceiling side of the room, but the glare is not recognized by a person in the room.
- the Low-E film 310 which is a heat ray shielding film is formed between the first base material 11 and the daylighting member 13, the heat insulation effect of the room can be enhanced.
- FIG. 8A, FIG. 8B, FIG. 8C, FIG. 8D, FIG. 8E, and FIG. 9 the manufacturing method of the lighting device of this embodiment is demonstrated.
- 8A, 8B, 8C, 8D, and 8E, the daylighting device of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the daylighting device of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2, and the third embodiment shown in FIG. The same components as those of the lighting device of the embodiment and the lighting device of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG.
- a light scattering portion 210 composed of fine irregularities 220 is formed at a position facing the daylighting member 13 on the other surface 11 b of the first base material 11. At this time, the light scattering portion 210 is formed at a position facing at least the projecting daylighting portion 15 constituting the daylighting member 13 on the other surface 11 b of the first base material 11.
- a method (sand blasting method) of spraying gold sand on the other surface 11b of the first base material 11, or the other of the first base material 11 A method of polishing the surface 11b, a method of corroding the other surface 11b of the first substrate 11 by chemical treatment (wet etching method), or the like is used.
- a Low-E film 310 is formed on one surface 11a of the first base material 11 by sputtering.
- the Low-E film 310 is formed by laminating a first oxide film, a silver (Ag) film, and a second oxide film in this order. Therefore, in order to form the Low-E film 310, first, a first oxide film is formed on one surface 11a of the first substrate 11 by sputtering. Next, a silver film is formed over the first oxide film by a sputtering method. Next, a second oxide film is formed on the silver film by a sputtering method.
- the Low-E film 310 is once formed on one surface 11a of the first base material 11 by a sputtering method. However, in a later step, the Low-E film 310 formed on the portion for bonding the butyl rubber for attaching the spacer 12, that is, formed on the outer edge portion of the one surface 11 a of the first substrate 11. The Low-E film 310 is removed by trimming.
- the daylighting member 13 is provided so as to cover the Low-E film 310 formed on the one surface 11a of the first base material 11 by a dry laminating method or the like.
- the daylighting member 13 includes a light transmissive second base material 14 and a plurality of light transmissive protruding daylighting portions 15 provided adjacent to one surface 14 a of the second base material 14.
- an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive that becomes the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 16 is applied or laminated in advance on the other surface 14 b of the second base material 14.
- the butyl rubber 510 is formed on the outer edge portion (near the four sides of the rectangular first base material 11) of the one surface 11a of the first base material 11 from which the Low-E film 310 has been removed by trimming. Glue.
- the butyl rubber it is desirable to block moisture after being vitrified into multiple layers, and therefore a moisture-impermeable material is preferably used.
- a spacer 12 is attached to the outer edge portion of the one surface 11a of the first base material 11 through the butyl rubber 510 bonded to the outer edge portion of the one surface 11a of the first base material 11. wear.
- the daylighting apparatus 400 of the present embodiment is obtained.
- the obtained daylighting apparatus 400 is provided with a Low-E film 310 on one surface 11 a of the first base material 11, and the daylighting member 13 is disposed so as to cover the Low-E film 310. Is provided.
- a spacer 12 is provided on one surface 11 a of the first base material 11 so as to surround the outer edge of the laminate including the Low-E film 310 and the daylighting member 13.
- FIG. 10A and FIG. 10B the manufacturing method of the lighting device of this embodiment is demonstrated.
- the window glass 100 to which the daylighting device 400 is attached is supported by the window frame 110.
- the window frame 110 is supported by a sash 120.
- butyl rubber 520 is bonded to the surface of the outer edge of the spacer 12 opposite to the surface to which the butyl rubber 510 is bonded.
- butyl rubber 520 the thing similar to butyl rubber 510 is used.
- the daylighting device 400 is arranged at a distance from the window glass 100 so that the spacer 12 faces the one surface (indoor side surface) 100 a of the window glass 100.
- sponge rubber 610 is attached so as to be sandwiched between the window glass 100 and the lighting device 400 along the outer edge portions (four sides) of the window glass 100 and the lighting device 400.
- two kinds of sponge rubbers 620 and 630 (first sponge rubber 620) having different heights are provided on the outer edge portions of the window glass 100 and the daylighting device 400 in some places (with a space). 2nd sponge rubber 630) is attached.
- the sponge rubber 610 is attached, and at the same time, the lighting device 400 is brought close to the window glass 100, the lighting device 400 is pressed against the window glass 100, and the window glass 100 is illuminated.
- the device 400 is crimped.
- a secondary sealing material 640 such as butyl rubber is injected into the gap between the window glass 100 and the daylighting device 400.
- the daylighting device 400 can be installed on the window glass 100 by pasting the daylighting device 400 on the existing window glass 100.
- the daylighting apparatus 400 of the present embodiment the daylighting apparatus can be installed without replacing the sash. Therefore, the cost for replacing the sash is not required, and the economy is improved. Moreover, the process of replacing the sash can be omitted. Therefore, a process can be shortened and workability improves.
- a daylighting system can be introduce
- a multi-layer glass structure including the existing window glass 100 and the daylighting device 400 it is possible to introduce a daylighting system having high energy saving property that cuts off heat while introducing light indoors.
- FIG. 11 is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the daylighting apparatus which is 5th Embodiment of this invention.
- the X direction is the normal direction of the first base material of the daylighting device
- the Y direction is the direction orthogonal to the X direction (the width direction of the first base material)
- the Z direction is orthogonal to the X direction and the Y direction.
- Direction (height direction of the first base material).
- the daylighting apparatus 700 of this embodiment is used by being attached to an existing window glass 100.
- the daylighting device 700 includes a light-transmitting first base material 11, a first spacer 12 that is provided on an outer edge portion of one surface 11 a of the first base material 11, and is attached to the window glass 100, and a first base material 11, a daylighting member 13 provided on one surface 11 a, a Low-E film 310 formed between the first base material 11 and the daylighting member 13, and a face of the daylighting member 13 that faces the Low-E film 310. And a gas barrier layer 710 stacked on each other. In the daylighting device 700 of this embodiment, a gas barrier layer 710 is provided between the daylighting member 13 and the Low-E film 310.
- the gas barrier layer 710 includes a first gas barrier layer 720 and a second gas barrier layer 730 that are sequentially stacked on the other surface 14 b of the second base material 14 constituting the daylighting member 13.
- the gas barrier layer 710 is provided for imparting water vapor barrier properties to the second substrate 14.
- the Low-E film 310 is preferably covered with the gas barrier layer 710 via the adhesive layer 16 on one surface 11a of the first base material 11. That is, the daylighting member 13 provided with the gas barrier layer 710 is provided on the surface 310 a opposite to the surface in contact with the one surface 11 a of the first base material 11 in the Low-E film 310 via the adhesive layer 16. ing.
- the first gas barrier layer 720 is an inorganic vapor deposition barrier layer formed on the other surface 14b of the second base material 14 by a vapor deposition method.
- the inorganic vapor deposition barrier layer is formed from aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, or the like.
- the second gas barrier layer 730 is formed by laminating (sticking) a barrier resin film or a barrier resin coat film on the first gas barrier layer 720 formed on the other surface 14 b of the second base material 14.
- barrier resin film for example, a film made of a barrier resin such as ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer resin, polyvinyl alcohol, and barrier nylon is used.
- barrier resin coat film for example, a film made of polyvinylidene chloride or the like is used.
- the daylighting device 700 can be installed on the window glass 100 by simply attaching the daylighting device 700 to the existing window glass 100.
- the daylighting apparatus 700 of the present embodiment the daylighting apparatus can be installed without replacing the sash. Therefore, the cost for replacing the sash is not required, and the economy is improved. Moreover, the process of replacing the sash can be omitted. Therefore, a process can be shortened and workability improves.
- the daylighting system can be introduced simply by attaching the daylighting device 700 to the existing window glass 100. Therefore, a daylighting system can be introduced by adding the minimum necessary members to the window glass 100.
- a multi-layer glass structure including the existing window glass 100 and the daylighting device 700, it is possible to introduce a daylighting system having high energy saving property that cuts off heat while introducing light indoors.
- a Low-E film 310 that is a heat ray shielding film is formed between the first base material 11 and the daylighting member 13. Therefore, the heat insulation effect of the room can be enhanced.
- a gas barrier layer 710 including a first gas barrier layer 720 and a second gas barrier layer 730 is laminated on the other surface 14 b of the second base material 14 constituting the daylighting member 13.
- the gas barrier layer 710 prevents the Low-E film 310 from coming into direct contact with moisture (humidity) in the air, and if it is exposed to the atmosphere for a long time, it is likely to deteriorate due to moisture (humidity) in the atmosphere.
- the effect of protecting the ⁇ E film 310 can be further enhanced.
- FIG. 12 is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the daylighting apparatus which is 6th Embodiment of this invention. 12, the daylighting apparatus of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the daylighting apparatus of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the daylighting apparatus of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 6, and the fifth day shown in FIG.
- the same components as those of the daylighting apparatus of the embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
- FIG. 12 is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the daylighting apparatus which is 6th Embodiment of this invention. 12, the daylighting apparatus of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the daylighting apparatus of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the daylighting apparatus of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 6, and the fifth day shown in FIG.
- the same components as those of the daylighting apparatus of the embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.
- FIG. 12 is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the daylighting apparatus which is 6th Embodiment of this
- the X direction is the normal direction of the first base material of the daylighting device
- the Y direction is the direction orthogonal to the X direction (the width direction of the first base material)
- the Z direction is orthogonal to the X direction and the Y direction.
- Direction (height direction of the first base material).
- the daylighting device 800 of this embodiment is used by being attached to an existing window glass 100.
- the daylighting device 800 includes a light-transmissive first base material 11, a first spacer 12 that is provided on the outer edge portion of one surface 11 a of the first base material 11, and is attached to the window glass 100, and a first base material 11, a daylighting member 13 provided on one surface 11 a, a Low-E film 310 formed between the first base material 11 and the daylighting member 13, and a face of the daylighting member 13 that faces the Low-E film 310.
- the gas barrier layer 710 stacked on the first substrate 11, and the light scattering portion 210 provided on the other surface 11 b of the first base material 11 at a position facing the daylighting member 13.
- the light scattering portion 210 is provided at the position facing the daylighting member 13 on the other surface 11b of the first base material 11, but at least on the other surface 11b of the first base material 11, as shown in FIG. What is necessary is just to be provided in the position facing the projection-shaped lighting part 15 which comprises the lighting member 13.
- FIG. 1 the light scattering portion 210 provided on the first base material 11 and the protruding daylighting portion 15 of the daylighting member 13 face each other with the Low-E film 310 interposed therebetween.
- the daylighting apparatus 800 can be installed on the window glass 100 by simply attaching the daylighting apparatus 800 to the existing window glass 100.
- the daylighting apparatus can be installed without replacing the sash. Therefore, the cost for replacing the sash is not required, and the economy is improved.
- the process of replacing the sash can be omitted. Therefore, a process can be shortened and workability improves.
- the daylighting system can be introduced by simply attaching the daylighting device 800 to the existing window glass 100. Therefore, a daylighting system can be introduced by adding the minimum necessary members to the window glass 100.
- a multi-layer glass structure including the existing window glass 100 and the daylighting device 800, it is possible to introduce a daylighting system having high energy saving property that cuts off heat while taking in light indoors.
- a light scattering portion 410 is provided at a position facing the daylighting member 13 on the other surface 11 b of the first base material 11. For this reason, light can be taken in efficiently on the ceiling side of the room, but the glare is not recognized by a person in the room.
- a Low-E film 310 that is a heat ray shielding film is formed between the first base material 11 and the daylighting member 13. Therefore, the heat insulation effect of the room can be enhanced.
- a gas barrier layer 710 including a first gas barrier layer 720 and a second gas barrier layer 730 is laminated on the other surface 14 b of the second base material 14 constituting the daylighting member 13. Therefore, the gas barrier layer 710 prevents the Low-E film 310 from coming into direct contact with moisture (humidity) in the air, and if it is exposed to the atmosphere for a long time, it is likely to deteriorate due to moisture (humidity) in the atmosphere. The effect of protecting the ⁇ E film 310 can be further enhanced.
- FIG. 13 is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the daylighting apparatus which is 7th Embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 13 the same components as those of the daylighting apparatus of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and the daylighting apparatus of the third embodiment shown in FIG.
- the X direction is the normal direction of the first base material of the daylighting device
- the Y direction is the direction orthogonal to the X direction (the width direction of the first base material)
- the Z direction is orthogonal to the X direction and the Y direction.
- Direction (height direction of the first base material).
- the daylighting apparatus 900 of this embodiment is used by being attached to an existing window glass 100.
- the daylighting device 900 includes a light-transmissive first base material 11, a first spacer 12 that is provided on the outer edge portion of one surface 11 a of the first base material 11, and is attached to the window glass 100, and a first base material
- the daylighting member 13 provided on one surface 11a of the eleventh, the Low-E film 310 formed between the first base material 11 and the daylighting member 13, and the daylighting on the other surface 11b of the first base material 11
- a light scattering member 910 provided at a position facing the member 13.
- the light scattering member 910 includes a light transmissive substrate 911 and a plurality of light transmissive light scattering portions 912 provided adjacent to one surface 911 a of the substrate 911.
- the light scattering portion 912 is provided on a portion of the one surface 911 a of the base material 911 that is disposed on the upper side in the vertical direction (top-bottom direction) when the lighting device 900 is attached to the window glass 100. Further, the edges of the light scattering portions 912 adjacent to each other are in contact with each other.
- the daylighting apparatus 900 can be installed on the window glass 100 only by pasting the daylighting apparatus 900 on the existing window glass 100.
- the daylighting apparatus can be installed without replacing the sash. Therefore, the cost for replacing the sash is not required, and the economy is improved.
- the process of replacing the sash can be omitted. Therefore, a process can be shortened and workability improves.
- the daylighting system can be introduced by simply attaching the daylighting device 900 to the existing window glass 100. Therefore, a daylighting system can be introduced by adding the minimum necessary members to the window glass 100.
- a multi-layer glass structure including the existing window glass 100 and the daylighting device 900, it is possible to introduce a daylighting system having high energy saving property that cuts off heat while introducing light indoors.
- a light scattering member 910 is provided at a position facing the daylighting member 13 on the other surface 11 b of the first base material 11. For this reason, light can be taken in efficiently on the ceiling side of the room, but the glare is not recognized by a person in the room.
- a Low-E film 310 that is a heat ray shielding film is formed between the first base material 11 and the daylighting member 13. Therefore, the heat insulation effect of the room can be enhanced.
- the edges of the light scattering portions 912 adjacent to each other are in contact with each other is illustrated, but the present embodiment is not limited to this.
- the edges of the light scattering portions 912 adjacent to each other may be connected such that part of the end surfaces on the base material 911 side of the light scattering portions 912 adjacent to each other overlap.
- a part of the light scattering portions 912 adjacent to each other may not be in contact.
- a part of the pair of light scattering portions 912 adjacent to each other may be in contact.
- the plurality of light scattering portions 912 only need to include a configuration in which a part of a pair of adjacent light scattering portions 912 is in contact with each other.
- the lighting device 900 of this embodiment may be provided with the gas barrier layer described above.
- FIG. 14 is sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the daylighting apparatus which is 8th Embodiment of this invention. 14, the same reference numerals are used for the same components as those of the daylighting device of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the daylighting device of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 6, and the daylighting device of the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. The description is omitted.
- the daylighting apparatus 1000 of this embodiment is used by being attached to an existing window glass 100.
- the daylighting apparatus 1000 includes a first base 11 that is light transmissive, a first spacer 12 that is provided on the outer edge of one surface 11a of the first base 11 and is attached to the window glass 100, and a first base. 11 is affixed to the daylighting member 13 provided on one surface 11a, the Low-E film 310 formed between the first base material 11 and the daylighting member 13, and the other surface 11b of the first base material 11.
- the light scattering device 1010 is provided on the outer edge portion of a light-transmissive third base material 1020 and a surface (hereinafter referred to as “one surface”) 1020a of the third base material 1020 facing the first base material 11.
- the second spacer 1030 and the light scattering member 1040 are provided.
- the light scattering member 1040 includes a light transmissive substrate 1041 and a plurality of light transmissive light scattering portions 1042 provided adjacent to one surface 1041 a of the substrate 1041.
- the plurality of light scattering portions 1042 are in contact with the edges of the light scattering portions 1042 adjacent to each other.
- the light scattering device 1010 is attached to the other surface 11 b of the first base material 11 via a second spacer 1030 so that the light scattering portion 1042 faces the first base material 11.
- the daylighting apparatus 1000 can be installed on the window glass 100 by simply attaching the daylighting apparatus 1000 to the existing window glass 100.
- the daylighting apparatus can be installed without replacing the sash. Therefore, the cost for replacing the sash is not required, and the economy is improved.
- the process of replacing the sash can be omitted. Therefore, a process can be shortened and workability improves.
- a daylighting system can be introduce
- the light scattering device 1010 is attached to the other surface 11b of the first base material 11 via the second spacer 1030 so that the daylighting member 13 and the light scattering portion 1042 face each other. For this reason, light can be taken in efficiently on the ceiling side of the room, but the glare is not recognized by a person in the room. Further, a Low-E film 310 that is a heat ray shielding film is formed between the first base material 11 and the daylighting member 13. Therefore, the heat insulation effect of the room can be enhanced.
- FIG. 15 is a sectional view taken along the line JJ ′ of FIG. 16, which is a room model 2000 equipped with a daylighting device and an illumination dimming system.
- FIG. 16 is a plan view showing the ceiling of the room model 2000.
- the ceiling material constituting the ceiling 2003a of the room 2003 into which external light is introduced may have high light reflectivity.
- a light-reflective ceiling material 2003A is installed on the ceiling 2003a of the room 2003 as a ceiling material having light reflectivity.
- the light-reflective ceiling material 2003A is intended to promote the introduction of outside light from the daylighting device 2010 installed in the window 2002 into the interior of the room, and is installed on the ceiling 2003a near the window. Yes. Specifically, it is installed in a predetermined area E (an area about 3 m from the window 2002) of the ceiling 2003a.
- the light-reflective ceiling material 2003A is configured to transmit the outside light introduced into the room through the window 2002 in which the daylighting device 2010 (the daylighting device of any of the above-described embodiments) is installed. Efficiently leads to the back.
- the external light introduced from the lighting device 2010 toward the indoor ceiling 2003a is reflected by the light-reflective ceiling material 2003A and changes its direction to illuminate the desk surface 2005a of the desk 2005 placed in the interior of the room. The effect of brightening the desk top surface 2005a is exhibited.
- the light-reflective ceiling material 2003A may be diffusely reflective or specularly reflective, but has the effect of brightening the desk top surface 2005a of the desk 2005 placed in the interior of the room, and is in the room. In order to achieve both effects of suppressing glare light that is unpleasant for humans, it is preferable that the characteristics of both are appropriately mixed.
- the vicinity of the window 2002 often has a sufficient amount of light. Therefore, by using together the light-reflective ceiling material 2003A as described above, the light incident on the ceiling (region E) in the vicinity of the window can be distributed toward the back of the room where the amount of light is small compared to the window.
- the light-reflective ceiling material 2003A is formed by, for example, embossing a metal plate such as aluminum with unevenness of about several tens of microns, or depositing a metal thin film such as aluminum on the surface of a resin substrate on which similar unevenness is formed. Or can be made. Or the unevenness
- the embossed shape formed on the light-reflective ceiling material 2003A it is possible to control the light distribution characteristics of light and the light distribution in the room. For example, when embossing is performed in a stripe shape extending toward the back of the room, the light reflected by the light-reflective ceiling material 2003A is in the left-right direction of the window 2002 (direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the unevenness). spread. When the size and direction of the window 2002 in the room 2003 are limited, the light is reflected in the horizontal direction by the light-reflective ceiling material 2003A and the interior of the room 2003 is moved to the back of the room. It can be reflected toward.
- the daylighting device 2010 is used as part of the illumination dimming system in the room 2003.
- the lighting dimming system includes, for example, a lighting device 2010, a plurality of indoor lighting devices 2007, a solar radiation adjusting device 2008 installed in a window, a control system thereof, and a light-reflective ceiling material 2003A installed on a ceiling 2003a. And the constituent members of the entire room including
- a lighting device 2010 is installed on the upper side, and a solar radiation adjusting device 2008 is installed on the lower side.
- the blind is installed as the solar radiation adjustment apparatus 2008, it is not limited to this.
- a plurality of indoor lighting devices 2007 are arranged in a grid in the left-right direction (Y direction) of the window 2002 and the depth direction (X direction) of the room.
- the plurality of indoor lighting devices 2007 together with the daylighting device 2010 constitute an entire lighting system of the room 2003.
- the ceiling length L 1 in the left-right direction (Y-direction) is 18m
- the length L 2 in the depth direction of the room 2003 (X direction) of the office 9m windows 2002 2003a Indicates.
- the indoor lighting devices 2007 are arranged in a grid pattern with an interval P of 1.8 m in the horizontal direction (Y direction) and the depth direction (X direction) of the ceiling 2003a. More specifically, 50 indoor lighting devices 2007 are arranged in 10 rows (Y direction) ⁇ 5 columns (X direction).
- the indoor lighting device 2007 includes an indoor lighting fixture (indoor lighting fixture) 2007a, a brightness detection unit 2007b, and a control unit 2007c, and the brightness detection unit 2007b and the control unit 2007c are integrated with the indoor lighting fixture 2007a. It is configured.
- the indoor lighting device 2007 may include a plurality of indoor lighting fixtures 2007a and a plurality of brightness detection units 2007b. However, one brightness detection unit 2007b is provided for each indoor lighting device 2007a.
- the brightness detection unit 2007b receives the reflected light of the irradiated surface illuminated by the indoor lighting fixture 2007a, and detects the illuminance of the irradiated surface.
- the brightness detection unit 2007b detects the illuminance of the desk surface 2005a of the desk 2005 placed indoors.
- Each indoor lighting device 2007 is configured such that the illuminance of the desk top surface 2005a detected by each brightness detecting unit 2007b becomes a constant target illuminance L0 (for example, average illuminance: 750 lx) by the control units 2007c connected to each other. Feedback control is performed to adjust the light output of the LED lamp of each indoor lighting fixture 2007a.
- L0 for example, average illuminance: 750 lx
- Some embodiments of the present invention can be used by being attached to either an existing window glass or a window frame that supports the window glass.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2015年6月24日に、日本に出願された特願2015-126829号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
そこで、既設の窓の上から、Low-E(Low Emissivity、低放射)ガラスをそのまま貼り付けるだけで、Low-Eペアガラスと同等の性能が得られる後付け窓が提案されている(例えば、特許文献2参照)。
なお、本実施の形態は、発明の趣旨をより良く理解させるために具体的に説明するものであり、特に指定のない限り、本発明を限定するものではない。
また、以下の説明で用いる図面は、本発明の特徴を分かりやすくするために、便宜上、要部となる部分を拡大して示している場合があり、各構成要素の寸法比率等が実際と同じであるとは限らない。
(採光装置)
図1は、本発明の第1実施形態である採光装置の概略構成を示す断面図である。
図1において、X方向を採光装置の第1基材の法線方向とし、Y方向をX方向と直交する方向(第1基材の幅方向)とし、Z方向をX方向およびY方向と直交する方向(第1基材の高さ方向)とする。
図1に示すように、本実施形態の採光装置10は、既設の窓ガラス100を支持する窓枠110に貼り付けて用いられる。採光装置10は、光透過性の第1基材11と、第1基材11の窓ガラス100(窓枠110)と対向する面(以下、「一方の面」と言う。)11aの外縁部に設けられ、窓枠110に貼り付けられる第1スペーサー12と、第1基材11の一方の面11aに設けられた採光部材13と、を備える。また、第1スペーサー12は、第1基材11の一方の面11aの外縁部全体(全周)にわたって設けられ、平面視した場合、枠状をなしている。
突起状採光部15は、第2基材14の一方の面14aのうち、採光装置10を窓枠110に貼り付けた際、鉛直方向(天地方向)の上部側に配置される部分に設けられている。
また、互いに隣接する突起状採光部15の端縁が接している。
採光部材13は、粘着層16を介して、第1基材11の一方の面11aに設けられている。
第1基材11としては、光透過性の基材であれば特に限定されないが、例えば、ガラス基材、光透過性の樹脂からなる基材等が用いられる。光透過性の樹脂からなる基材としては、例えば、アクリル系ポリマー、オレフィン系ポリマー、ビニル系ポリマー、セルロース系ポリマー、アミド系ポリマー、フッ素系ポリマー、ウレタン系ポリマー、シリコーン系ポリマー、イミド系ポリマー等の光透過性の樹脂からなる基材が用いられる。第1基材11としては、具体的には、トリアセチルセルロース(TAC)フィルム、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)フィルム、シクロオレフィンポリマー(COP)フィルム、ポリカーボネート(PC)フィルム、ポリエチレンナフタレート(PEN)フィルム、ポリエーテルサルホン(PES)フィルム、ポリイミド(PI)フィルム等の光透過性の基材が用いられる。
本実施形態における第1基材11の光透過性とは、JIS K7361-1に規定される全光線透過率が90%以上であることを言う。第1基材11の全光線透過率が90%以上であることにより、第1基材11は充分な透明性が得られる。
スペーサー12は、アルミニウム製の中空型材からなる。また、スペーサー12の内部空間には、粒状のシリカゲル等の乾燥材が封入されている。また、スペーサー12の内側面12aには、図示しない吸湿窓が設けられている。これにより、採光装置10を窓枠110に貼り付けることによって、採光装置10と、窓ガラス110および窓枠110との間に形成される空間130内の湿気を、スペーサー12内の乾燥材によって除去することができる。
シール材としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、ブチルゴム等が挙げられる。
日射吸収の指標(%)=100(%)-日射透過率(%)-日射反射率(%) (1)
すなわち、日射吸収の指標(%)は、100%から日射透過率(%)と日射反射率(%)を引いた値を指標として評価することができる。
本実施形態における採光部材13の日射吸収の指標(%)は、5(%)以下であることが好ましい。
本実施形態における採光部材13の日射吸収の指標(%)の値を、積分球を備えたスペクトロフォトメーターV-770(日本分光社製)で測定したところ、日射透過率は89.0(%)、日射反射率は10.5(%)、日射吸収の指標は0.5(%)であった。
本実施形態における第2基材14の光透過性は、第1基材11と同様に定義される。
突起状採光部15の全光線透過率は、JIS K7361-1の規定において90%以上であることが好ましい。突起状採光部15の全光線透過率が90%以上であることにより、突起状採光部15は充分な透明性が得られる。
また、突起状採光部15の第2基材14の一方の面14aを基準とする高さ(突起状採光部15の第2基材14の法線方向(X方向)の高さ)をhとしたとき、複数の突起状採光部15の高さhは、全て等しくなっている。突起状採光部15の高さhは、例えば、10μm~1000μmである。
アクリル系粘着剤は、アクリル系単量体単位を主成分として含む重合体である。アクリル系単量体としては、(メタ)アクリル酸、イタコン酸、(無水)マレイン酸、(無水)フマル酸、クロトン酸、および、これらのアルキルエステルが挙げられる。ここで、(メタ)アクリル酸とは、アクリル酸およびメタクリル酸の総称である。(メタ)アクリレートも同様である。アクリル系単量体の中でも、(メタ)アクリル酸またはそのアルキルエステルを主成分とするものが好ましい。
架橋剤としては、メラミン樹脂、尿素樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、金属酸化物、金属塩、金属水酸化物、金属キレート、ポリイソシアネート、カルボキシ基含有ポリマー、酸無水物、ポリアミン等が挙げられる。すなわち、架橋剤としては、架橋点となりうる官能基(例えば、ヒドロキシ基、グリシジル基等)を有する単量体が用いられる。架橋点となりうる官能基を有する単量体としては、例えば、ヒドロキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、グリシジル(メタ)アクリレート等が挙げられる。
さらに、アクリル系粘着剤には、紫外線吸収剤が含まれていてもよい。紫外線吸収剤としては、例えば、ベンゾトリアゾール系、ベンゾフェノン系、サリシレート系、シアノアクリレート系、トリアジン系、オキザニリド系、ニッケル錯塩系、無機系等の紫外線吸収剤が挙げられる。
シール材としては、特に限定されないが、例えば、ブチルゴム等が挙げられる。
本実施形態の採光装置10によれば、サッシを取り換えることなく、採光装置を設置することができる。そのため、サッシを取り換える費用が不要となり、経済性が向上する。また、サッシを取り換える工程を省くことができるため、工程を短縮することができ、施工性が向上する。
また、既設の窓ガラス100に採光装置10を貼り付けるだけで採光システムを導入することができる。そのため、窓ガラス100に対して必要最小限の部材を付加することにより、採光システムを導入することができる。
また、既設の窓ガラス100と採光装置10からなる複層ガラス構造を形成することにより、屋内に光を採り入れつつ、熱を遮断する、高い省エネルギー性を有する採光システムを導入することができる。
また、本実施形態の採光装置10は、後述するLow-E膜やガスバリア層が設けられていてもよい。
(採光装置)
図2は、本発明の第2実施形態である採光装置の概略構成を示す断面図である。図2において、図1に示した第1実施形態の採光装置と同一の構成要素には同一符号を付して、その説明を省略する。
図2において、X方向を採光装置の第1基材の法線方向とし、Y方向をX方向と直交する方向(第1基材の幅方向)とし、Z方向をX方向およびY方向と直交する方向(第1基材の高さ方向)とする。
図2に示すように、本実施形態の採光装置200は、既設の窓ガラス100を支持する窓枠110に貼り付けて用いられる。採光装置200は、光透過性の第1基材11と、第1基材11の一方の面11aの外縁部に設けられ、窓枠110に貼り付けられる第1スペーサー12と、第1基材11の一方の面11aに設けられた採光部材13と、第1基材11の窓ガラス100と対向する面と反対側の面(以下、「他方の面」と言う。)11bにおける、採光部材13と対向する位置に設けられた光散乱部210と、を備える。
光散乱部210は、窓ガラス100の天地方向と垂直な方向に光を散乱させる。
微細な凹凸220の形成方法は、特に限定されないが、例えば、後述するエッチング法、サンドブラスト法等の形成方法によって形成される。エッチング法によって形成された微細な凹凸220は、例えば、図3に示すような疑似レンチキュラー構造をなしている。
本実施形態では、凸レンズ230の全光線透過率は、例えば、90%以上が好ましい。
これにより、十分な透明性が得られる。
本実施形態における光散乱部210は、窓ガラス100の天地方向と垂直な方向に、光を散乱(拡散)させる度合いが大きいことが好ましい。詳細には、光散乱部210は、散乱特性を示すグラフにおいて、半値全幅が15度以上70度以下であることがより好ましい。半値全幅が15度未満では、窓ガラス100の天地方向と垂直な方向における光の拡がりが小さ過ぎる。そのため、太陽光が和らげられずに、人の眼に直接、入射し、グレアと認識されるため好ましくない。一方、半値全幅が70度を超えると、窓ガラス100の天地方向と垂直な方向における光の拡がりが大き過ぎる。そのため、光散乱部210の光の透過量が低下する一因となるので好ましくない。また、光散乱部210は、窓ガラス100の天地方向(天井方向)に、光を散乱(拡散)させる度合いが小さいことが好ましい。詳細には、光散乱部210は、散乱特性を示すグラフにおいて、半値全幅が10度以下程度であることがより好ましい。
図5Bに示すように、本実施形態では、光散乱部210は、窓ガラス100の天地方向と垂直な方向の半値全幅が34度であり、光が大きく拡散している。一方、光散乱部210は、窓ガラス100の天地方向の半値全幅が3度であり、光がほとんど拡散していない。
本実施形態の採光装置200によれば、サッシを取り換えることなく、採光装置を設置することができる。そのため、サッシを取り換える費用が不要となり、経済性が向上する。また、サッシを取り換える工程を省くことができるため、工程を短縮することができ、施工性が向上する。
また、既設の窓ガラス100に採光装置200を貼り付けるだけで採光システムを導入することができる。そのため、窓ガラス100に対して必要最小限の部材を付加することにより、採光システムを導入することができる。
また、既設の窓ガラス100と採光装置200からなる複層ガラス構造を形成することにより、屋内に光を採り入れつつ、熱を遮断する、高い省エネルギー性を有する採光システムを導入することができる。
また、第1基材11の他方の面11bにおける、採光部材13と対向する位置に光散乱部210が設けられている。そのため、部屋の天井側において光を効率的に採り入れることができる一方で、部屋の中に居る人にグレアを認識させることがない。
(採光装置)
図6は、本発明の第3実施形態である採光装置の概略構成を示す断面図である。図6において、図1に示した第1実施形態の採光装置と同一の構成要素には同一符号を付して、その説明を省略する。
図6において、X方向を採光装置の第1基材の法線方向とし、Y方向をX方向と直交する方向(第1基材の幅方向)とし、Z方向をX方向およびY方向と直交する方向(第1基材の高さ方向)とする。
図6に示すように、本実施形態の採光装置300は、既設の窓ガラス100に貼り付けて用いられる。採光装置300は、光透過性の第1基材11と、第1基材11の一方の面11aの外縁部に設けられ、窓ガラス100に貼り付けられる第1スペーサー12と、第1基材11の一方の面11aに設けられた採光部材13と、第1基材11と採光部材13の間に形成されたLow-E膜310と、を備える。
ここで、Low-E膜310が、第1基材11の一方の面11aにおいて、採光部材13に覆われているとは、第1基材11の一方の面11a側から見た場合、採光部材13の面積がLow-E膜310の面積よりも大きく、採光部材13の外縁からLow-E膜310が突出しないように、Low-E膜310上に採光部材13が設けられていることを言う。
第1の酸化物膜および第2の酸化物膜は、銀膜の保護膜として機能する。
Low-E膜310の全光線透過率は、JIS K7361-1の規定において90%以上であることが好ましい。Low-E膜310の全光線透過率が90%以上であることにより、Low-E膜310は充分な透明性が得られる。
本実施形態の採光装置300によれば、サッシを取り換えることなく、採光装置を設置することができる。そのため、サッシを取り換える費用が不要となり、経済性が向上する。また、サッシを取り換える工程を省くことができる。そのため、工程を短縮することができ、施工性が向上する。
また、既設の窓ガラス100に採光装置300を貼り付けるだけで採光システムを導入することができる。そのため、窓ガラス100に対して必要最小限の部材を付加することにより、採光システムを導入することができる。
また、既設の窓ガラス100と採光装置300からなる複層ガラス構造を形成することにより、屋内に光を採り入れつつ、熱を遮断する、高い省エネルギー性を有する採光システムを導入することができる。
また、第1基材11と採光部材13の間に、熱線遮蔽膜であるLow-E膜310が形成されている。そのため、部屋の断熱効果を高めることができる。
また、Low-E膜310は、第1基材11の一方の面11aにおいて、採光部材13に覆われている。そのため、採光部材13によって、Low-E膜310が空気中の水分(湿気)と直接接触することを避けて、大気に長時間曝しておくと、大気中の水分(湿気)により劣化しやすいLow-E膜310を保護することができる。
(採光装置)
図7は、本発明の第4実施形態である採光装置の概略構成を示す断面図である。図7において、図1に示した第1実施形態の採光装置、図2に示した第2実施形態の採光装置および図6に示した第3実施形態の採光装置と同一の構成要素には同一符号を付して、その説明を省略する。
図7において、X方向を採光装置の第1基材の法線方向とし、Y方向をX方向と直交する方向(第1基材の幅方向)とし、Z方向をX方向およびY方向と直交する方向(第1基材の高さ方向)とする。
図7に示すように、本実施形態の採光装置400は、既設の窓ガラス100に貼り付けて用いられる。採光装置400は、光透過性の第1基材11と、第1基材11の一方の面11aの外縁部に設けられ、窓ガラス100に貼り付けられる第1スペーサー12と、第1基材11の一方の面11aに設けられた採光部材13と、第1基材11の他方の面11bにおける、採光部材13と対向する位置に設けられた光散乱部210と、第1基材11と採光部材13の間に形成されたLow-E膜310と、を備える。
本実施形態の採光装置400によれば、サッシを取り換えることなく、採光装置を設置することができる。そのため、サッシを取り換える費用が不要となり、経済性が向上する。また、サッシを取り換える工程を省くことができる。そのため、工程を短縮することができ、施工性が向上する。
また、既設の窓ガラス100に採光装置400を貼り付けるだけで採光システムを導入することができる。そのため、窓ガラス100に対して必要最小限の部材を付加することにより、採光システムを導入することができる。
また、既設の窓ガラス100と採光装置400からなる複層ガラス構造を形成することにより、屋内に光を採り入れつつ、熱を遮断する、高い省エネルギー性を有する採光システムを導入することができる。
また、第1基材11の他方の面11bにおける、採光部材13と対向する位置に光散乱部210が設けられている。そのため、部屋の天井側において光を効率的に採り入れることができる一方で、部屋の中に居る人にグレアを認識させることがない。
また、第1基材11と採光部材13の間に、熱線遮蔽膜であるLow-E膜310が形成されているため、部屋の断熱効果を高めることができる。
図8A、図8B、図8C、図8D、図8Eおよび図9を参照して、本実施形態の採光装置の製造方法を説明する。
図8A、図8B、図8C、図8Dおよび図8Eにおいて、図1に示した第1実施形態の採光装置、図2に示した第2実施形態の採光装置、図6に示した第3実施形態の採光装置および図7に示した第4実施形態の採光装置と同一の構成要素には同一符号を付して、その説明を省略する。
第1基材11の他方の面11bに微細な凹凸220を形成するには、例えば、第1基材11の他方の面11bに金剛砂を吹き付ける方法(サンドブラスト法)、第1基材11の他方の面11bを研磨する方法、第1基材11の他方の面11bを化学処理により腐食させる方法(ウエットエッチング法)等が用いられる。
Low-E膜310は、スパッタリング法により、一旦、第1基材11の一方の面11aに形成される。しかし、後の工程にて、スペーサー12を貼り付けるためのブチルゴムを接着するための部分に形成されたLow-E膜310、すなわち、第1基材11の一方の面11aの外縁部に形成されたLow-E膜310は、トリミングにより除去される。
採光部材13としては、光透過性の第2基材14と、第2基材14の一方の面14aに互いに隣接して設けられた複数の光透過性の突起状採光部15と、を備えるものを用いる。また、第2基材14の他方の面14bには、予め粘着層16となるアクリル系の粘着剤が、塗布またはラミネートされている。
ブチルゴムとしては、複層ガラス化された後は湿気を遮断することが望ましいため、非透湿性の材料が好適に用いられる。
以上により、本実施形態の採光装置400が得られる。
図10Aおよび図10Bを参照して、本実施形態の採光装置の製造方法を説明する。
採光装置400を貼り付ける窓ガラス100は、窓枠110によって支持されている。
また、窓枠110は、サッシ120によって支持されている。
窓ガラス100に採光装置400を貼り付けるには、まず、図10Aに示すように、スペーサー12の外縁部におけるブチルゴム510が接着されている面とは反対側の面に、ブチルゴム520を接着する。ブチルゴム520としては、ブチルゴム510と同様のものが用いられる。
次に、図10Aに示すように、窓ガラス100と採光装置400の外縁部(4辺)に沿って、窓ガラス100と採光装置400の間に挟み込むように、スポンジゴム610を取り付ける。この際、図10Aに示すように、窓ガラス100と採光装置400の外縁部に、所々に(間隔を置いて)、高さの異なる2種のスポンジゴム620,630(第1のスポンジゴム620、第2のスポンジゴム630)を取り付ける。これにより、窓ガラス100と採光装置400の間に隙間がなくならないようにし、ひいては、採光装置400とスポンジゴム610の間の隙間がなくならないようにする。すなわち、厚さが大きい(高さが高い)第1のスポンジゴム620を設けることにより、厚さが小さい(高さが低い)第2のスポンジゴム630と採光装置400の間に隙間が形成されるようにする。後の工程にて、この隙間から、スペーサー12を第1基材11の一方の面11aに貼り付けるためのブチルゴム510とは別に、窓ガラス100と採光装置400の間の隙間に、ブチルゴム等の2次シール材640を注入する。
本実施形態の採光装置400によれば、サッシを取り換えることなく、採光装置を設置することができる。そのため、サッシを取り換える費用が不要となり、経済性が向上する。また、サッシを取り換える工程を省くことができる。そのため、工程を短縮することができ、施工性が向上する。
また、既設の窓ガラス100に採光装置400を貼り付けるだけで採光システムを導入することができる。そのため、窓ガラス100に対して必要最小限の部材を付加することにより、採光システムを導入することができる。
また、既設の窓ガラス100と採光装置400からなる複層ガラス構造を形成することにより、屋内に光を採り入れつつ、熱を遮断する、高い省エネルギー性を有する採光システムを導入することができる。
(採光装置)
図11は、本発明の第5実施形態である採光装置の概略構成を示す断面図である。図11において、図1に示した第1実施形態の採光装置および図6に示した第3実施形態の採光装置と同一の構成要素には同一符号を付して、その説明を省略する。
図11において、X方向を採光装置の第1基材の法線方向とし、Y方向をX方向と直交する方向(第1基材の幅方向)とし、Z方向をX方向およびY方向と直交する方向(第1基材の高さ方向)とする。
図11に示すように、本実施形態の採光装置700は、既設の窓ガラス100に貼り付けて用いられる。採光装置700は、光透過性の第1基材11と、第1基材11の一方の面11aの外縁部に設けられ、窓ガラス100に貼り付けられる第1スペーサー12と、第1基材11の一方の面11aに設けられた採光部材13と、第1基材11と採光部材13の間に形成されたLow-E膜310と、採光部材13におけるLow-E膜310と対向する面に積層されたガスバリア層710と、を備える。
本実施形態の採光装置700では、採光部材13とLow-E膜310の間に、ガスバリア層710が設けられている。
第1のガスバリア層720は、第2基材14の他方の面14bに、蒸着法により形成された無機蒸着バリア層である。無機蒸着バリア層は、酸化アルミニウム、酸化ケイ素等から形成される。
第2のガスバリア層730は、第2基材14の他方の面14bに形成された第1のガスバリア層720上に、バリア性樹脂フィルムやバリア樹脂コートフィルムが積層(貼着)されてなる。
バリア樹脂コートフィルムとしては、例えば、ポリ塩化ビニリデン等からなるフィルムが用いられる。
本実施形態の採光装置700によれば、サッシを取り換えることなく、採光装置を設置することができる。そのため、サッシを取り換える費用が不要となり、経済性が向上する。また、サッシを取り換える工程を省くことができる。そのため、工程を短縮することができ、施工性が向上する。
また、既設の窓ガラス100に採光装置700を貼り付けるだけで採光システムを導入することができる。そのため、窓ガラス100に対して必要最小限の部材を付加することにより、採光システムを導入することができる。
また、既設の窓ガラス100と採光装置700からなる複層ガラス構造を形成することにより、屋内に光を採り入れつつ、熱を遮断する、高い省エネルギー性を有する採光システムを導入することができる。
また、第1基材11と採光部材13の間に、熱線遮蔽膜であるLow-E膜310が形成されている。そのため、部屋の断熱効果を高めることができる。
また、採光部材13を構成する第2基材14の他方の面14bに、第1のガスバリア層720と第2のガスバリア層730からなるガスバリア層710が積層されている。そのため、ガスバリア層710によって、Low-E膜310が空気中の水分(湿気)と直接接触することを避けて、大気に長時間曝しておくと、大気中の水分(湿気)により劣化しやすいLow-E膜310を保護する効果をより高めることができる。
(採光装置)
図12は、本発明の第6実施形態である採光装置の概略構成を示す断面図である。図12において、図1に示した第1実施形態の採光装置、図2に示した第2実施形態の採光装置、図6に示した第3実施形態の採光装置および図11に示した第5実施形態の採光装置と同一の構成要素には同一符号を付して、その説明を省略する。
図12において、X方向を採光装置の第1基材の法線方向とし、Y方向をX方向と直交する方向(第1基材の幅方向)とし、Z方向をX方向およびY方向と直交する方向(第1基材の高さ方向)とする。
図12に示すように、本実施形態の採光装置800は、既設の窓ガラス100に貼り付けて用いられる。採光装置800は、光透過性の第1基材11と、第1基材11の一方の面11aの外縁部に設けられ、窓ガラス100に貼り付けられる第1スペーサー12と、第1基材11の一方の面11aに設けられた採光部材13と、第1基材11と採光部材13の間に形成されたLow-E膜310と、採光部材13におけるLow-E膜310と対向する面に積層されたガスバリア層710と、第1基材11の他方の面11bにおける、採光部材13と対向する位置に設けられた光散乱部210と、を備える。
本実施形態の採光装置800によれば、サッシを取り換えることなく、採光装置を設置することができる。そのため、サッシを取り換える費用が不要となり、経済性が向上する。また、サッシを取り換える工程を省くことができる。そのため、工程を短縮することができ、施工性が向上する。
また、既設の窓ガラス100に採光装置800を貼り付けるだけで採光システムを導入することができる。そのため、窓ガラス100に対して必要最小限の部材を付加することにより、採光システムを導入することができる。
また、既設の窓ガラス100と採光装置800からなる複層ガラス構造を形成することにより、屋内に光を採り入れつつ、熱を遮断する、高い省エネルギー性を有する採光システムを導入することができる。
また、第1基材11の他方の面11bにおける、採光部材13と対向する位置に光散乱部410が設けられている。そのため、部屋の天井側において光を効率的に採り入れることができる一方で、部屋の中に居る人にグレアを認識させることがない。
また、第1基材11と採光部材13の間に、熱線遮蔽膜であるLow-E膜310が形成されている。そのため、部屋の断熱効果を高めることができる。
また、採光部材13を構成する第2基材14の他方の面14bに、第1のガスバリア層720と第2のガスバリア層730からなるガスバリア層710が積層されている。そのため、ガスバリア層710によって、Low-E膜310が空気中の水分(湿気)と直接接触することを避けて、大気に長時間曝しておくと、大気中の水分(湿気)により劣化しやすいLow-E膜310を保護する効果をより高めることができる。
(採光装置)
図13は、本発明の第7実施形態である採光装置の概略構成を示す断面図である。図13において、図1に示した第1実施形態の採光装置および図6に示した第3実施形態の採光装置と同一の構成要素には同一符号を付して、その説明を省略する。
図13に示すように、本実施形態の採光装置900は、既設の窓ガラス100に貼り付けて用いられる。採光装置900は、光透過性の第1基材11と、第1基材11の一方の面11aの外縁部に設けられ、窓ガラス100に貼り付けられる第1スペーサー12と、第1基材11の一方の面11aに設けられた採光部材13と、第1基材11と採光部材13の間に形成されたLow-E膜310と、第1基材11の他方の面11bにおける、採光部材13と対向する位置に設けられた光散乱部材910と、を備える。
光散乱部912は、基材911の一方の面911aのうち、採光装置900を窓ガラス100に貼り付けた際、鉛直方向(天地方向)の上部側に配置される部分に設けられている。また、互いに隣接する光散乱部912の端縁が接している。
本実施形態の採光装置900によれば、サッシを取り換えることなく、採光装置を設置することができる。そのため、サッシを取り換える費用が不要となり、経済性が向上する。また、サッシを取り換える工程を省くことができる。そのため、工程を短縮することができ、施工性が向上する。
また、既設の窓ガラス100に採光装置900を貼り付けるだけで採光システムを導入することができる。そのため、窓ガラス100に対して必要最小限の部材を付加することにより、採光システムを導入することができる。
また、既設の窓ガラス100と採光装置900からなる複層ガラス構造を形成することにより、屋内に光を採り入れつつ、熱を遮断する、高い省エネルギー性を有する採光システムを導入することができる。
また、第1基材11の他方の面11bにおける、採光部材13と対向する位置に光散乱部材910が設けられている。そのため、部屋の天井側において光を効率的に採り入れることができる一方で、部屋の中に居る人にグレアを認識させることがない。
また、第1基材11と採光部材13の間に、熱線遮蔽膜であるLow-E膜310が形成されている。そのため、部屋の断熱効果を高めることができる。
また、本実施形態の採光装置900は、上述したガスバリア層が設けられていてもよい。
(採光装置)
図14は、本発明の第8実施形態である採光装置の概略構成を示す断面図である。図14において、図1に示した第1実施形態の採光装置、図6に示した第3実施形態の採光装置および図13に示す第7実施形態の採光装置と同一の構成要素には同一符号を付して、その説明を省略する。
図14に示すように、本実施形態の採光装置1000は、既設の窓ガラス100に貼り付けて用いられる。採光装置1000は、光透過性の第1基材11と、第1基材11の一方の面11aの外縁部に設けられ、窓ガラス100に貼り付けられる第1スペーサー12と、第1基材11の一方の面11aに設けられた採光部材13と、第1基材11と採光部材13の間に形成されたLow-E膜310と、第1基材11の他方の面11bに貼り付けられた光散乱装置1010と、を備える。
光散乱部材1040は、光透過性の基材1041と、基材1041の一方の面1041aに互いに隣接して設けられた複数の光透過性の光散乱部1042と、を備える。
複数の光散乱部1042は、互いに隣接する光散乱部1042の端縁が接している。
本実施形態の採光装置1000によれば、サッシを取り換えることなく、採光装置を設置することができる。そのため、サッシを取り換える費用が不要となり、経済性が向上する。また、サッシを取り換える工程を省くことができる。そのため、工程を短縮することができ、施工性が向上する。
また、既設の窓ガラス100に採光装置1000を貼り付けるだけで採光システムを導入することができる。そのため、窓ガラス100に対して必要最小限の部材を付加することにより、採光システムを導入することができる。
また、既設の窓ガラス100と採光装置1000からなる複層ガラス構造を形成することにより、屋内に光を採り入れつつ、熱を遮断する、高い省エネルギー性を有する採光システムを導入することができる。
また、光散乱装置1010が、第1基材11の他方の面11bに、採光部材13と光散乱部1042が対向するように、第2スペーサー1030を介して貼り付けられている。そのため、部屋の天井側において光を効率的に採り入れることができる一方で、部屋の中に居る人にグレアを認識させることがない。
また、第1基材11と採光部材13の間に、熱線遮蔽膜であるLow-E膜310が形成されている。そのため、部屋の断熱効果を高めることができる。
図15は、採光装置および照明調光システムを備えた部屋モデル2000であって、図16のJ-J’線に沿う断面図である。図16は、部屋モデル2000の天井を示す平面図である。
より具体的には、50個の室内照明装置2007が10行(Y方向)×5列(X方向)に配列されている。
Claims (8)
- 既設の窓ガラスおよび該窓ガラスを支持する窓枠の少なくともいずれか一方に貼り付けて用いられる採光装置であって、
光透過性の第1基材と、該第1基材の前記窓ガラスと対向する面の外縁部に設けられ、前記窓ガラスおよび前記窓枠の少なくともいずれか一方に貼り付けられる第1スペーサーと、前記第1基材の前記窓ガラスと対向する面側に設けられた採光部材と、を備え、
前記採光部材は、光透過性の第2基材と、該第2基材の少なくとも前記窓ガラスと対向する面側に互いに隣接して設けられた複数の光透過性の突起状採光部と、を備える採光装置。 - 前記第1基材と前記採光部材の間にLow-E膜が形成された請求項1に記載の採光装置。
- 前記Low-E膜が、前記第1基材における前記窓ガラスと対向する面において、前記採光部材に覆われている請求項2に記載の採光装置。
- 前記採光部材における前記Low-E膜と対向する面にガスバリア層が積層されている請求項2に記載の採光装置。
- 前記第1基材の前記窓ガラスと対向する面と反対側の面側における、前記採光部材と対向する位置に、前記窓ガラスの天地方向と垂直な方向に光を散乱させる光散乱部が設けられている請求項1に記載の採光装置。
- 光透過性の第3基材と、該第3基材の前記第1基材と対向する面の外縁部に設けられた第2スペーサーおよび光散乱部と、を有する光散乱装置を備え、
前記光散乱装置は、前記第1基材の前記窓ガラスと対向する面と反対側の面に、前記第1基材に前記光散乱部が対向するように前記第2スペーサーを介して貼り付けられた請求項5に記載の採光装置。 - 前記光散乱部は、前記第1基材の前記窓ガラスと対向する面と反対側の面に形成された微細な凹凸からなり、
前記微細な凹凸は、前記第1基材が前記第1スペーサーを介して、前記窓ガラスおよび前記窓枠の少なくともいずれか一方に貼り付けられたとき、前記第1基材の天地方向となる方向に沿って形成されている請求項5に記載の採光装置。 - 前記光散乱部は、前記第1基材の前記窓ガラスと対向する面と反対側の面に、互いに平行かつ隣接して設けられた複数の凸レンズからなり、
前記複数の凸レンズは、前記第1基材が前記第1スペーサーを介して、前記窓ガラスおよび前記窓枠の少なくともいずれか一方に貼り付けられたとき、前記第1基材の天地方向となる方向に沿って設けられている請求項5に記載の採光装置。
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