WO2016198082A1 - Zweitaktmotor - Google Patents
Zweitaktmotor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016198082A1 WO2016198082A1 PCT/EP2015/001149 EP2015001149W WO2016198082A1 WO 2016198082 A1 WO2016198082 A1 WO 2016198082A1 EP 2015001149 W EP2015001149 W EP 2015001149W WO 2016198082 A1 WO2016198082 A1 WO 2016198082A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder
- crankcase
- stroke engine
- overflow
- piston
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/18—Other cylinders
- F02F1/22—Other cylinders characterised by having ports in cylinder wall for scavenging or charging
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
- F02B33/02—Engines with reciprocating-piston pumps; Engines with crankcase pumps
- F02B33/04—Engines with reciprocating-piston pumps; Engines with crankcase pumps with simple crankcase pumps, i.e. with the rear face of a non-stepped working piston acting as sole pumping member in co-operation with the crankcase
Definitions
- the invention relates to a two-stroke engine of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1 and a two-stroke engine of the type specified in the preamble of claim 15.
- a two-stroke engine is known whose inlet near overflow channel is bounded by a side wall which is inclined in a side view to the cylinder longitudinal axis and forms an undercut in the direction of the crankcase. Due to the undercut, the overflow channel can not be produced in one piece with the cylinder in the die casting method with cores drawn in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the cylinder.
- a bushing is provided, whose inner side forms part of the cylinder surface. On the outside grooves are provided, which form the inner wall and the side walls of the transfer channels. The outer wall of the transfer channels is formed by the cylinder itself. Since the bushing forms part of the cylinder surface, the bushing must be fitted exactly in the cylinder. After fixing the liner in the cylinder, the cylinder surface must be machined on the liner and in the cylinder. The liner itself is an additional, comparatively complex component.
- the invention has for its object to provide a two-stroke engine of the generic type, which has a simplified structure.
- the insert protrudes in the circumferential direction between cylinder sections formed on the cylinder, on which the cylinder bore is formed.
- the insert is formed on a crankcase component bounding the crankcase.
- crankcase component is advantageously connected to the cylinder such that disassembly of the crankcase component with the at least one insert from the cylinder is possible.
- the drawer overflow channels can be made in a simple way, which have an undercut.
- Under an undercut in the context of the present invention is understood a geometry that can not be produced with a drawn core in the manufacture of a component in the die-casting process.
- the first side wall forms an undercut in the direction of the crankcase. Accordingly, the first side wall can not be produced with a core drawn in the direction of the cylinder longitudinal axis from the combustion chamber in the direction of the crankcase. When looking from the Crankcase in the direction of the cylinder longitudinal axis in the cylinder, the side wall is not visible, but hidden.
- the side wall extends in the region forming the undercut not parallel to the cylinder longitudinal axis or at an angle to a parallel to the cylinder longitudinal axis, which opens in the direction of the crankcase, but at an angle to a parallel to the cylinder longitudinal axis, which opens in the direction of the combustion chamber.
- the angle is measured on the outside of the wall.
- the first side wall is formed by the overflow window up to an orifice opening of the overflow channel into the crankcase interior at the insert.
- the first side wall is formed by the overflow window to an opening of the overflow into the crankcase interior of the drawer, there is a uniform guidance of the flow in the overflow without interrupting the flow.
- the flow is strongly deflected, so that turbulence of the flow at this point fall particularly heavily into the weight. This can be avoided by the flow-favorable design of the side wall according to the invention.
- the second side wall and the outer wall of the overflow are formed on the cylinder.
- the second side wall on the cylinder of the insert can be made relatively narrow, so that there is sufficient stability. Both the insert and the cylinder can be produced without undercuts in the die-casting process.
- the at least one overflow channel has an approximately rectangular cross-section.
- another cross-sectional geometry such as a square, elliptical or round cross-sectional shape, but may be advantageous and are formed by the at least one slot.
- the insert with the cylinder sections at least in the region of the cylinder sections, which in the bottom dead center of the piston with the combustion chamber in Being in contact, is circumferentially sealingly connected.
- a favorable flow direction of the inflowing fuel / air mixture can be ensured.
- the insert and the cylinder rest on at least one contact surface, with the contact surface having a stepped course.
- the stepped course of the contact surface acts like a labyrinth seal and advantageously brings about at least partial, in particular a complete seal in this area.
- the insert is pressed with the cylinder sections in the cylinder circumferential direction. Also, this can also be easily established a sealing connection.
- the compression is advantageously provided so that there is a largely tight connection between the insert and at least one cylinder section.
- a frictional connection between the insert and the at least one cylinder portion is advantageously not provided, so that the insert can be joined stiffly in the cylinder or pulled out of the cylinder. This can be achieved by a suitable choice of the fit between cylinder and insert, advantageously by a transition fit. It can be provided that there is no sealing connection between the cylinder sections and the insert in areas which are not in contact with the combustion chamber at the bottom dead center of the piston.
- the areas that are not in the bottom dead center of the piston with the combustion chamber are in contact, are arranged in this position of the piston below the lower piston ring of the piston areas.
- the cylinder sections and the insert are largely sealed together over the entire length of their contact surfaces.
- the insert over its entire length is loosely ' inserted into the cylinder. Between the cylinder and the slot can advantageously be low clearance. This results in a simple, cost-effective production of the two-stroke engine, and the drawer can be easily disassembled from the cylinder, for example for repair purposes.
- the insert relative to the cylinder bore is advantageously offset radially outward relative to the cylinder longitudinal axis.
- the radial direction refers to the
- the insert has due to the offset relative to the cylinder longitudinal axis radially outwardly a greater distance from the cylinder longitudinal axis than the cylinder bore. As a result, the insert forms no area of the cylinder bore and can not come into contact with the piston. On the inside of the insert arranged on the cylinder interior, therefore, lower requirements with regard to manufacturing accuracy can be made.
- the insert does not need to be machined after insertion into the cylinder. As a result, the insert can be formed on a crankcase component delimiting the crankcase, without the cylinder bore having to be accessible through the crankcase component.
- the crankshaft is advantageously mounted with at least one crankshaft bearing in the crankcase.
- At the insertion having crankcase component is advantageously formed at least one bearing shell for the crankshaft bearing.
- the crankcase component projects advantageously up to the height of the axis of rotation of the crankshaft. Thereby, the crankcase can be manufactured with a small number of individual parts. Due to the fact that the crankcase component also has the bearing shell, becomes a good derivation of the bearing forces in the crankcase component and in the cylinder allows.
- the crankcase is advantageously horizontal, so divided with a plane perpendicular to the cylinder longitudinal axis separating plane.
- crankcase has a vertical, that is, a parallel to the cylinder longitudinal axis extending parting plane.
- a plane of separation of the crankcase extending obliquely to the cylinder longitudinal axis can also be advantageous.
- the two-stroke engine is divisible into four sectors extending parallel to the cylinder longitudinal axis.
- a first sector comprises the overflow port of the transfer port, a second sector adjacent to the first sector comprises the outlet, and a third sector adjacent to the first sector comprises an inlet to the crankcase.
- the overflow windows, outlet and inlet are advantageously arranged completely in the respective sector.
- the overflow opens in a sector adjacent to the first sector, ie in the second sector or in the third sector, in the
- the two-stroke engine has a fourth sector, which is arranged in the circumferential direction between the second and the third sector and in particular adjacent to the second sector and the third sector. In the fourth sector, an overflow window of a second overflow channel is advantageously arranged.
- the first overflow channel and the second overflow channel preferably open in the same sector in the crankcase.
- the transfer ports are arranged on opposite sides of the cylinder, in the same sector, namely in the sector of the inlet or the sector of the outlet, out.
- the overflow channels can be equipped with separated mouth openings open into the crankcase. However, it can also be provided that the overflow channels open at a common orifice into the crankcase.
- the crankcase is at least partially separated from the space under the piston by a partition wall arranged on the underside of the cylinder.
- the partition is formed integrally with the insert. This results in a simple structure. In particular, when the insert forms no area of the cylinder bore and thereby after insertion into the
- the piston is advantageously connected to the crankshaft via a connecting rod.
- the partition advantageously has an opening through which the connecting rod protrudes. Due to the movement of the connecting rod a comparatively large opening in the partition wall is necessary in order to avoid contact of the connecting rod with the partition during operation. Nevertheless, by the partition and in particular by projecting from the partition into the space under the piston patches improved precompression due to the reduced volume of the crankcase interior can be achieved.
- the cooling of the piston is improved by the partial separation of the space under the piston from the crankcase interior, when fuel / air mixture enters first into the space under the piston and cools the piston and only then through the opening in the partition in the Range of crankshaft exceeds. Due to the partition, the cylinder bore is no longer accessible after the assembly of the crankcase component on the cylinder. Characterized in that the insert relative to the cylinder bore is offset radially outwards and no longer needs to be edited after assembly on the cylinder, the arrangement of the partition and the drawer on a common crankcase component is possible.
- At least one filling piece projecting into the interior of the piston at bottom dead center is provided, which is formed integrally with the insert.
- the Filler reduces the volume of the crankcase interior and at least partially fills the space under the piston. This, too, can improve the precompression. Due to the one-piece design of the filler with the slot no further items are needed. Insert, partition and filler are advantageously integrally formed on a common crankcase component.
- the overflow window is released from the piston at the bottom dead center of the piston and connects the overflow channel to the combustion chamber, wherein the at least one overflow window has a lower edge, which defines the overflow window on the side facing the crankcase, and wherein the lower edge is formed on a slot projecting into the cylinder, it is provided that the barrier rib extends at least up to the position of the first piston ring of the piston in the bottom dead center of the piston.
- the barrier rib extends at least to the position of the first piston ring of the piston in the bottom dead center of the piston, the piston ring is guided in the region between the overflow windows exclusively on the barrier rib. This achieves a good seal between the overflow windows and good guidance of the piston ring.
- the piston ring is guided exclusively on the cylinder. As a result, no excessive accuracy must be maintained for the position of the lower edges of the transfer windows formed on the insert.
- the insert extends to the lower edge of the overflow window, while the barrier rib extends in the direction of the crankcase at least to the position of the first piston ring of the piston.
- the overflow window is the area that is released from the piston at the bottom dead center of the piston and connects the overflow channel with the combustion chamber.
- the lower edge of the overflow window is therefore arranged at the bottom dead center of the piston approximately at the level of the piston crown.
- the overflow is formed closed between the mouth window into the crankcase and the overflow window and separated from the cylinder interior by a wall which is at least partially formed on the insert.
- the width of the overflow windows measured in the circumferential direction of the cylinder track is greater than the height of the transfer windows measured parallel to the cylinder longitudinal axis.
- the position of the piston ring at bottom dead center is closer to the crankcase than the bottom edge of the overflow window and the piston crown, so that the barrier rib and the insert overlap in the circumferential direction.
- the position of the lower edge of the piston ring is decisive. If the piston has a plurality of piston rings, the lower edge of the lower piston ring, that is to say the position of the crankcase side edge of the crankcase-side piston ring, is decisive.
- the barrier rib advantageously extends in the cylinder longitudinal direction, ie substantially parallel to the cylinder longitudinal axis.
- the barrier rib does not have to cause complete separation of the overflow windows, but can also be offset radially outwards in at least one section relative to the cylinder bore.
- the insert has a recess arranged between the lower edges of the overflow window into which protrudes the barrier rib.
- At least two overflow channels are preferably provided, which are guided in the cylinder in a common channel section and which are divided at their combustion chamber side area by the barrier rib in the two transfer channels.
- the barrier rib thus not only causes a separation of the overflow windows, but in addition also a division of a common channel section into two transfer channels.
- the barrier rib is advantageously designed streamlined.
- the barrier rib on its projecting in the direction of the crankcase end face has a wedge portion which serves to divide the flow in the flow direction from the crankcase into the combustion chamber. By the wedge portion, the mixture or the Spülvorlagen Kunststoff is deflected particularly streamlined.
- the wedge portion is preferably formed so that the wedge portion in the direction of the crankcase in a direction parallel to the cylinder longitudinal axis does not form an undercut, so that the cylinder interior with the walls of the transfer channels, which are integrally formed on the cylinder, in the die casting process with a in the direction of the cylinder longitudinal axis drawn core can be produced.
- an overflow channel is divided into two overflow windows, ie only one overflow channel is present, which opens into the combustion chamber with two overflow windows.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a first exemplary embodiment of a two-stroke engine
- Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of the cylinder and upper
- Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the cylinder and upper
- FIG. 7 shows a section along the line VII-VII in FIG. 5
- FIG. 8 shows a section along the line VIII-VIII in FIG. 5
- FIG. 11 shows the cylinder in a sectional view according to FIG. 9, FIG.
- FIG. 13 shows a section through the two-stroke engine with piston arranged in the cylinder
- FIG. 14 shows a section along the line XIV-XIV in FIG. 13
- 17 and 18 are perspective views of the cylinder of the two-stroke engine
- FIG. 19 is a perspective view of the upper crankcase component
- FIG. 20 is a side view of the crankcase component of FIG. 19;
- FIG. 19 is a perspective view of the upper crankcase component
- FIG. 21 is a view in the direction of the arrow XXI in Fig. 20
- Fig. 22 is a view in the direction of arrow XXII in Fig. 20
- FIG. 23 shows a side view in the direction of the arrow XXIII in FIG. 20, FIG.
- FIG. 24 shows a section along the line XXIV-XXIV in FIG. 20, FIG.
- FIG. 25 shows a section along the line XXV-XXV in FIG. 20, FIG.
- 26 is a plan view of the cylinder and upper crankcase component of an embodiment of a two-stroke engine
- Fig. 28 is a section along the line XXVIII-XXVIII in Fig. 26
- Fig. 29 is a section along the line XXIX-XXIX in Fig. 26,
- FIG. 30 and 31 are perspective views of the cylinder of the two-stroke engine of Fig. 26,
- FIG. 32 is a perspective view of the upper crankcase component of the two-stroke engine of Fig. 26,
- FIG. 33 is a side view of the upper crankcase component of the two-stroke engine of Fig. 26, 34 is a view in the direction of the arrow XXXIV in Fig. 33,
- FIG. 38 shows a section along the line XXXVIII-XXXVIII in FIG. 33, FIG.
- Fig. 39 is a perspective view of the cylinder and upper
- FIG. 40 shows a section through the cylinder of the two-stroke engine from FIG. 39, FIG.
- FIG. 42 shows a section along the line XLII-XLII in FIG. 40, FIG.
- Fig. 43 is a section through the cylinder at the height of the line
- FIG. 44 shows a perspective illustration of the upper crankcase component of the two-stroke engine from FIG. 39, FIG.
- Fig. 46 is a perspective view of the cylinder of the two-stroke engine of Fig. 39
- Fig. 47 is a perspective view of the cylinder and upper
- FIG. 48 shows a schematic illustration of the two-stroke engine from FIG. 47
- FIG. 53 is a perspective view of the upper crankcase component of the two-stroke engine of FIG. 47.
- crankcase component 54 is a side view of the upper crankcase component
- FIG. 55 is a perspective view of the cylinder of the two-stroke engine of Fig. 47.
- FIG. 57 shows a section through the cylinder of the two-stroke engine from FIG. 56 at the height of the overflow windows
- FIG. 58 shows a section through the cylinder of the two-stroke engine from FIG. 56 at the level of the inlet
- FIG. 59 shows a section along the line LIX-LIX in FIG. 57, FIG.
- FIG. 60 shows a section along the line LX-LX in FIG. 57
- 61 is a perspective view of the upper crankcase component of the two-stroke engine
- crankcase component in side view.
- Fig. 1 shows schematically a two-stroke engine 1.
- the two-stroke engine 1 has a cylinder 2, in which a combustion chamber 3 is formed.
- the combustion chamber 3 is delimited by a piston 5 that reciprocates in the cylinder 2 and that drives a crankshaft 7 rotatably mounted in a crankcase 4 via a connecting rod 6.
- the crankshaft 7 is rotatably mounted about a rotation axis 8.
- the piston 5 controls an inlet 9, which opens into a crankcase interior 16 formed in the crankcase 4, and an outlet 10 from the combustion chamber 3.
- the crankcase interior 16 is via overflow channels 11 and 12 connected to the combustion chamber 3.
- the overflow channels 11 and 12 open with overflow windows 13 and 14 into the combustion chamber 3.
- the overflow windows 13 and 14 are also controlled by the piston 5.
- At the outlet 10 opens an outlet channel 83, which connects the outlet 10 with the environment and to which usually an exhaust muffler is arranged.
- the exhaust passage 83 is also shown in FIG.
- At the inlet 9 opens an inlet channel 82, which is connected via an air filter, not shown, with the environment and can be supplied to the fuel.
- FIGS. 2 and 3 also show a receptacle 48 for a spark plug 47. In operation, the piston 5 is moved in the cylinder 2 in the direction of a cylinder longitudinal axis 17.
- the fuel / air mixture in the combustion chamber 3 is compressed again during the upward stroke of the piston 5 and ignited in the region of the top dead center of the piston 5 by a spark plug 47 projecting into the combustion chamber 3. Due to the subsequent combustion, the piston 5 is pushed back toward the crankcase 4. After opening the outlet 10, the exhaust gases flow out of the combustion chamber 3, and fresh fuel / air mixture or fresh combustion air flows via the overflow channels 11 and 12 into the combustion chamber 3.
- the overflow channels 11 and 12 are not parallel to the cylinder longitudinal axis 17.
- the overflow channels 11 and 12 extend curved to the cylinder longitudinal axis 17.
- the overflow channels 11 and 12 extend advantageously helically or spirally 17 about the cylinder longitudinal axis 17.
- Die Studentsströmkanäle 11 and 12 are advantageously streamlined and steady, so without heels.
- the overflow channels 11 and 12 have a common channel portion 38, which opens at an orifice 15 in the crankcase interior 16. In the flow direction from the crankcase interior 16 into the coaming chamber 3, the common channel section 38 divides into two branches, which form the inlet-near overflow channel 11 and the outlet-near overflow channel 12.
- the overflow channels 11 and 12 have As shown in FIG.
- the side walls 25 and 26 extend in a side view of the cylinder 2 inclined to the cylinder longitudinal axis 17.
- the side wall 26 encloses with the cylinder longitudinal axis 17 an angle ⁇ , which is greater than 0 °.
- the angle ⁇ changes during the course of the overflow channel.
- a first angle ai and a second angle a 2 are shown by way of example.
- the first angle ai is measured closer to the overflow window 13 than the second angle a 2 .
- the angle a 2 is shown in the exemplary embodiment directly on the cylinder longitudinal axis 17, while the angle ai in the side view seen to a parallel to the cylinder longitudinal axis 17 is measured.
- the angle is significantly smaller than the angle a 2 .
- the side wall 26 Adjacent to the overflow window 13, the side wall 26 accordingly runs steeper than in a further away from the overflow window 13 area.
- the angles ai and a 2 are measured to the surface of the side wall 26 and open in the direction of the combustion chamber 3.
- the angle ⁇ at at least one point of the side wall 26 is more than 20 °, in particular more than 30 °, preferably more as 45 °.
- An angle of inclination of 90 ° may also be advantageous.
- the side wall 26 also rise in a portion in the flow direction to the crankcase interior 26, the distance to the crankcase 4 can thus increase.
- the side wall 26 forms an undercut in the direction of the crankcase 4.
- the side wall 26 can not be made in the production of the cylinder 2 in a Druckgus s with a drawn in the direction of the cylinder longitudinal axis 17 core.
- the outlet-near side wall 25 is aligned inclined to the cylinder longitudinal axis 17.
- the cylinder 2 is fixed to an upper crankcase component 32.
- At the upper crankcase component 32 are two bearing shells 46 for two cranks, not shown. formed shaft bearing.
- the crankshaft 7 is rotatably mounted about the axis of rotation 8.
- the overflow channels 11 and 12 are guided around the bearing shell 46 into the area located below the outlet 10.
- the orifice 15 schematically shown in Fig. 2 is formed in the upper crankcase member 32.
- the upper half of the bearing shell 46 is completely formed in the upper crankcase component 32 and does not extend into the cylinder 2.
- FIG. 3 shows the cylinder 2 and the crankcase component 32 in a perspective view.
- Fig. 4 shows the configuration of the two-stroke engine 1 in detail, wherein only the cylinder 2, the upper crankcase member 32 and a lower crankcase member 33 are shown. Piston 5, connecting rod 6 and crankshaft 7 are not shown.
- the cylinder 2 and the upper crankcase component 32 are connected to one another at a first parting plane 80.
- the first parting plane 80 extends perpendicular to the cylinder longitudinal axis 17.
- the crankcase components 32 and 33 are connected to one another at a direction perpendicular to the cylinder longitudinal axis 17 second parting plane 81 with each other.
- the second parting plane 81 contains the axis of rotation 8 of the crankshaft 7.
- the bearing shells 46 are formed both by the upper crankcase component 32 and by the lower crankcase component 33. As shown in FIG.
- a seal 49 is provided between the cylinder 2 and the upper crankcase member 32.
- a seal 84 is advantageously arranged between the upper crankcase component 32 and the lower crankcase component 33 shown only schematically in FIG. 4, a seal 84 is advantageously arranged.
- aligned second parting plane 81 may also be provided a vertical parting plane which is parallel to the cylinder longitudinal axis 17.
- the vertical parting plane is advantageously arranged in the sectional plane in FIG. 4, that is, it runs in the center plane 50 shown in FIG. 5.
- FIG. 4 also shows, from the upper crankcase component 32, a first filling piece 36 close to the inlet and a second filling piece 37 close to the outlet protrude into the cylinder 2 the crankcase 4 constructed of crankcase components, which are divided at a parallel to the cylinder longitudinal axis 17 separating plane, the filler pieces 36 and 37 are advantageously designed so that a demolding of the crankcase components in the production in a die-casting process without additional cores is possible.
- a demolding of the crankcase components in the production in a die-casting process without additional cores is possible.
- Barrel 51 is formed, which is disposed adjacent to the inlet 9 and the inflowing through the inlet 9 fuel / air mixture to the underside of the piston 5, not shown in FIG. 4.
- a cylinder bore 40 is formed which defines a cylinder interior 87 and at which the piston 5 is supported.
- depressions 77 are formed which continue the annular gaps 85 in the direction of the crankcase 4 and into which the piston skirt 90 of the piston 5 dives at the bottom dead center of the piston 5.
- the filling pieces 36 and 37 are formed on the upper crankcase component 32 and protrude beyond the parting plane 80 into the cylinder interior 87.
- the inserts 27 cover the overflow channels 11 and 12 (FIG. 2) toward the cylinder interior 87.
- the overflow channels 11 and 12 are separated from the mouth opening 87 (FIG. 2) to the overflow windows 13 and 14 from the cylinder interior 87.
- a lower edge 43 of the overflow window 13 and a lower edge 44 of the overflow window 14 are formed.
- the inner side 54 of the insert 27, which faces the cylinder interior 87, is offset radially relative to the cylinder bore 40 with respect to the cylinder longitudinal axis 17.
- a separating rib 42 which, in the exemplary embodiment, runs parallel to the cylinder longitudinal axis 17 and on which a section of the cylinder bore 40 is formed.
- the inside 54 of the insert 27 is one Offset a relative to the cylinder bore 40 offset radially outward. As a result, the piston 5 does not come into contact with the inside 54 of the insert 27.
- the inner side 54 therefore does not have to be machined according to the cylinder bore 40 and can comply with larger tolerances. An exact alignment of the inner side 54 relative to the cylinder bore 40 is not absolutely necessary.
- the offset a is greater than 0 mm and advantageously less than 1 mm.
- the offset a is preferably from 0.1 mm to 0.4 mm.
- a dividing wall 34 extends between the cylinder interior 87 and the crankcase interior 16.
- the dividing wall 34 is formed on the upper crankcase component 32.
- the upper crankcase component 32 is thus made in one piece with the inserts 27, the filling pieces 36 and 37 and the dividing wall 34, preferably in a casting process, in particular in die casting. After assembly of cylinder 2 and upper crankcase component 32, the cylinder bore 40 is no longer accessible, so that a subsequent processing of the inside 54 is no longer possible. Due to the offset a, the insert 27 can still be formed on the upper crankcase component 32.
- the cylinder has a center plane 50 which divides the inlet 9 and the outlet 10 and which contains the cylinder longitudinal axis 17.
- the center plane 50 is the plane of symmetry of the cylinder 2.
- an asymmetrical design of the cylinder 2 to the center plane 50 may also be advantageous.
- an inlet-near overflow channel 11 and an outlet-near overflow channel 12 are arranged, which open into the combustion chamber 3 with overflow windows 13 and 14, respectively.
- the overflow windows 11 are bounded on their inlet side of cylinder sections 29. Cylinder sections 30 adjoin the outlet-near side of the overflow windows 14.
- the cylinder sections 29, 30 and 31 each form the cylinder bore 40 (FIG. 4).
- the bays 27 are advantageous in the circumferential direction in each case sealingly connected to the cylinder sections 29, 30 and 31, as will be described in more detail below.
- Each overflow channel 11, 12 has an inner wall 20, which bounds the overflow radially inward, ie to the cylinder interior 87 side facing, and a radially outer outer wall 19 which limits the overflow 11, 12 to its radially outer side.
- the overflow channels 11 and 12 of the side walls 25 and 26 and the barrier rib 42 which extends between the transfer ports 11 and 12, limited.
- the cylinder 2 can be divided into four sectors, which extend parallel to the cylinder longitudinal axis 17 and each extend outward from the cylinder longitudinal axis 17.
- the dividing lines between the sectors are indicated by a dashed line.
- a first sector 21 contains the overflow windows 13 and 14 of two overflow channels 11 and 12 arranged on one side of the center plane 50.
- a second sector 22 contains the outlet 10.
- a third sector 23 contains the inlet 9 and a fourth sector 24 contains the latter
- the overflow windows 13 and 14, the inlet 9 and the outlet 10 are each completely arranged in the associated sector 21, 22, 23, 24.
- the dividing wall 34 has a central opening 41.
- the connecting rod 6 (FIG. 1), which connects the piston 5 to the crankshaft 7, projects through the opening 41.
- the opening 41 is formed so large that the connecting rod 6 can be pushed for mounting through the opening 41.
- the inlet near filler 36 has a recess 52
- the outlet near filler 37 has a recess 53.
- the recesses 52 and 53 are arranged in the region of the median plane 50 and ensure that the connecting rod 6 at its
- Fig. 6 shows a section through the cylinder 2 in a sectional plane, which is offset relative to the separating rib 42 to the crankcase 4 through, ie in the direction of the Crankcase 4 is below the barrier rib 42.
- the overflow channels 11 and 12 are guided here in the common channel section 38.
- the overflow channels 11 and 12 are bounded by the inlet-side side wall 26, the outlet-side side wall 25, the inner wall 20 and the outer wall 19.
- the inserts 27 have an approximately L-shaped course in this section plane.
- the long leg of the L is the cylinder interior 87 facing and has an arcuate, the course of the cylinder bore 40 approximately following course.
- the short leg of the L projects outward and forms the side wall 26 of the transfer channels.
- the side wall 26 is advantageously completely formed by the insertion 27 up to the height of the overflow windows 13 and 14.
- the inner wall 20 is also formed on the insert 27 in the sectional plane shown.
- the outer wall 19 and the side wall 25 are completely formed on the
- a web 60 is provided on the cylinder portion 31, which extends in the direction of the cylinder longitudinal axis 17 and on whose radially outer side a web 61 of the insert 27 abuts.
- the contact surface 28 acts due to the step formed by the webs 60 and 61 in the manner of a labyrinth seal and seals the overflow channels 11 and 12 relative to the cylinder interior 87 toward.
- a shoulder 86 is provided on the cylinder portion 29 to which the insert 27 abuts.
- a stepped course of the contact surface is given.
- the insert has an upper side 55, which rests against a shoulder 56 of the cylinder 2.
- the insert 27 rests with its outer wall 88 on the cylinder 2.
- the outer wall 88 is located in the radial direction further outward than the outer wall 19 of the transfer ports 11 and 12. Also, this is a good seal and at the same time achieves a high stability of the two-stroke engine 1.
- the paragraph 56 and the top 55 at the same time form a stop for the insertion depth of the insert 27th
- the side wall 26 is formed on the insert 27. Radially outward, a wedge portion 58 adjoins the region of the barrier rib 42 abutting the insert, dividing the common passage section 38 into the two transfer passages 11 and 12.
- the wedge section 58 has a tip 62 (FIG. 11) which projects in the direction of the crankcase 4 and divides the flow in the common passage section 38 in the flow direction from the crankcase 4 into the combustion chamber 3 into the two overflow channels 11 and 12.
- the tip 62 is formed linear and extends relative to the cylinder longitudinal axis 17 to the outside. The tip 62 may be inclined relative to the radial direction to the cylinder longitudinal axis 17 in order to produce a favorable inflow angle for the inflowing into the combustion chamber 3 flow.
- the bearing shells 46 on the upper crankcase component 32 and the partition wall 34 formed on the upper crankcase component 32 are also visible.
- the opening 41 in the dividing wall 34 is delimited by two webs 89, which connect the filling piece 36 to the filling piece 37 (not shown in FIG. 7).
- the webs 89 protrude from the partition wall 34 into the cylinder interior 87.
- the webs 89 reduce the volume of the crankcase interior 16 and thereby increase the precompression.
- the webs 89 also increase the stability of the upper crankcase member 32 in this area.
- the overflow channels are correspondingly formed on the respectively opposite side as described for FIG. 7. As shown in FIG.
- the tip 62 of the wedge portion 58 extends to the outer wall 19 of the transfer ports 11, 12.
- the lower edges 43 and 44 of the transfer ports 13 and 14 are formed on the trays 27.
- 9 shows the passage of the common channel section 38 of the overflow channels into the upper crankcase component 32.
- the side wall 26 is formed from the region adjoining the overflow window 13 into the crankcase interior 16 on the insert 27.
- the seal 49 extends in the outer wall 19.
- the overflow windows 13 and 14 have side edges 65 and 66 which are completely in the
- Cylinder 2 are formed.
- the upper edges 63 and 64 of the overflow windows 13 and 14 are also formed in the cylinder 2. Only the lower edges 43 and 44, which limit the overflow windows 13 and 14 in the direction of the crankcase 4, are formed on the insert 27.
- the insert 27 has a depression 45 into which the separation rib 42 protrudes.
- the barrier rib 42 has an end face 57 which faces the crankcase 4.
- the end face 57 has a distance e measured parallel to the cylinder longitudinal axis 17 (FIG. 8) relative to the lower edges 43 and 44.
- the distance e in the exemplary embodiment is more than 5 mm, in particular about 10 mm.
- the overflow windows 13, 14 have a height f measured parallel to the cylinder longitudinal axis 17.
- the height of the overflow windows 13 and 14 can vary slightly in the cylinder circumferential direction.
- the height f is advantageously a mean height.
- the distance e is significantly greater than the height f.
- the distance e is advantageously at least as great as the height f, in particular at least twice as large as the height f of the overflow windows 13, 14.
- the distance e corresponds to the extent to which the barrier rib 42 projects into the recess 45.
- the barrier rib 42 has an internal portion 67 which projects into the recess 45 (FIG. 10) of the insert 27.
- the end face 57 is formed flat and extends approximately perpendicular to the cylinder longitudinal axis 17.
- the tip .62 is formed, which divides the flow. As shown in FIG. 11, the tip 62 extends in the direction of the outer wall 19 downwards, ie in the direction of the crankcase 4.
- the paragraph 86 is visible to which the insert 27 is applied.
- the shoulder 86 runs parallel to the cylinder longitudinal axis 17.
- FIG. 12 shows the upper crankcase component 32.
- the upper crankcase component 32 has an upper connecting flange 68, on which the cylinder 2 rests and which is arranged on the parting plane 80.
- the upper crankcase member 32 also has a lower connecting flange 69 located at the parting plane 81 for connection to the lower crankcase member 33 ( Figure 3).
- FIG. 12 also shows the bearing shell 46.
- the bearing shell 46 has an upper side 79 which designates the region of the bearing shell 46 which has the smallest distance to the upper connection flange 68 measured in the direction of the cylinder longitudinal axis 17 (FIG. 11).
- FIGS. 13 to 15 show the cylinder 2 with the piston 5 arranged therein.
- the inlet-near overflow window 13 has a width g measured in the cylinder circumferential direction.
- the outlet-near overflow window 14 has a width h measured in the cylinder circumferential direction.
- the width g and the width h are each greater than the height f (FIG. 10) of the overflow windows 13, 14 measured parallel to the cylinder longitudinal axis 17.
- the width g, h is advantageously at least 1.5 times, in particular at least twice that Height f.
- FIGS. 13 to 15 show the piston 5 at bottom dead center. As shown in FIG.
- the piston 5 has a piston head 70 which delimits the combustion chamber 3.
- a piston ring 71 is arranged in the exemplary embodiment, which seals the combustion chamber 3 with respect to the crankcase interior 16 and with respect to the space 35 formed below the piston 5.
- the space 35 is connected to the crankcase interior 16 via the opening 41 in the partition wall 34.
- the connecting rod 6 is not shown.
- the connecting rod 6 is connected to the piston 5 via a piston pin, not shown.
- the piston pin receivers 72 are visible in the piston 5, through which the piston pin protrudes.
- the space 35 under the piston 5 at the bottom dead center of the piston 5 is comparatively small. As shown in FIG.
- the piston ring 71 bears against the separating ribs 42 at the bottom dead center of the piston. Since the separating ribs 42 are formed on the cylinder 2, the piston ring 71 is guided exclusively in the cylinder 2 over the entire stroke of the piston 5.
- the cylinder bore 40 is exclusively in
- Cylinder 2 is formed.
- the piston ring 71 is supported in no position of the piston 5 on the insert 27 from.
- the barrier rib 42 protrudes relatively far in the direction of the crankcase interior 16.
- the barrier rib 42 extends at least as far as the upper side of the piston ring 71 facing the combustion chamber 3, preferably to the underside of the piston ring 71 facing away from the combustion chamber 3, if the piston 5 is at bottom dead center.
- only a single piston ring 71 is present.
- the separating rib 42 extends at least as far as the upper side of the upper piston ring 71 facing the combustion chamber 3, preferably as far as the underside of the upper piston ring 71 facing away from the combustion chamber 3, when the piston 5 is at bottom dead center.
- the barrier rib 42 extends to the underside of the lower piston ring 71 facing away from the combustion chamber 3, so that all the piston rings 71 are guided exclusively in the cylinder 2 over the entire stroke of the piston 5.
- FIG. 15 shows a section through the overflow windows 13 in the position of the piston 5 shown in FIG. 14 in the bottom dead center.
- the piston ring 71 is adjacent to the insert 27, but due to the offset a (FIG. 4) has a slight distance from the insert 27.
- the lower edge 43 of the transfer windows 13 is located approximately at the level of the control edge 78 of the piston 5.
- the control edge 78 is the edge of the piston 5 on the piston head 70, which controls the transfer ports 13 and 14 and the bottom dead center of the piston 5, the transfer ports 13 and 14th releases.
- the overflow windows 13 and 14 are the region of the overflow channels 11 and 12, which is connected to the combustion chamber 3 at the bottom dead center of the piston 5.
- the overflow windows 13 and 14 do not extend into the region of the piston skirt 90. As shown in FIG. 14, the piston skirt 90 dips into the region formed between the webs 89 and the insert 27 at the bottom dead center of the piston.
- the offset in the direction of the cylinder longitudinal axis 17, which the lower edges 43 or 44 have to the control edge 78, is advantageously less than 2 mm, preferably less than 1 mm.
- the offset between the lower edges 43 and 44 and the control edge 78 in the context of manufacturing accuracy equal to zero.
- FIG. 16 shows the formation of the side wall 26 on the insert 27.
- the side wall 26 is completely formed on the upper crankcase component 32.
- the side wall 26 extends to approximately the height of the lower edge 43 of the overflow window 13. Only the side edge 65 of the overflow window 13 (FIG. 18) and the region of the overflow channels 11, 12 lying at the level of the side edge 65 are formed in the cylinder 2 , Fig. 16 also shows the arrangement of the inner portion 67 of the barrier rib 42 (Fig. 11) in the recess 45. Likewise, the configuration of the wedge portion 58 is visible.
- the wedge portion 58 has an approximately triangular, wedge-shaped shape in cross section.
- the tip 62 is located on a wall section 91, which also forms the side edge 66 (FIG.
- the wall section 91 advantageously extends without an undercut, so that the wedge section 58 can be produced in a die-casting method with a core drawn in the direction of the cylinder longitudinal axis 17.
- Figures 17 and 18 show the cylinder 2 in detail.
- the upper edges 63 and 64 of the overflow windows 13 and 14 and the side edges 65 and 66 of the overflow windows 13 and 14 are formed on the cylinder 2.
- the outlet-side side edges 66 of the overflow 14 extend up to an underside 18 of the cylinder 2, with the cylinder 2 rests on the upper crankcase member 32, parallel to the cylinder longitudinal axis 17.
- Fig. 18 is also visible that the cylinder 2 has opposing seats 73, in which the slots 27 are used.
- the receptacles 73 each have the shoulder 86 on their inlet side.
- the web 60 which runs on the inlet-side longitudinal edges of the wall sections 75 and on which the contact surfaces 28 are formed, is formed on the wall sections 75 (FIG. 6).
- the contact surface 28 adjoins the inner wall sections 20a.
- a shoulder 74 is formed on the cylinder 2 adjacent to the side edge 65 of the overflow window 13, against which the insert 27 rests.
- Paragraph 74 is also shown in FIG.
- the design of the barrier rib 42 is shown. In the inner section 67, the separating rib 42 extends in its end face 57 (FIG. 11).
- the inner portion 67 extends over a width corresponding to the extension of the insert 27 in this area. At the radially outside of the insert 27 arranged region of the wedge portion 58 connects.
- FIG. 20 shows the design of the upper crankcase component 32 in detail.
- the lower sheds 43 and 44 of the overflow windows 13 and 14 are formed on the insert 27. Between the lower edges 43 and 44, the recess 45, in which the barrier rib 42 projects.
- an inner wall portion 20 b is formed, which, when the upper crankcase member 32 is mounted on the cylinder 2, to the inner wall portions 20 a at the wall portions 75 of
- the overflow channels 11, 12 with their common channel sections 38 merge at transfer openings 76 into the upper crankcase component 32.
- the transfer openings 76 are formed on the upper connection flange 68 of the upper crankcase component 32.
- the side walls 25 of the overflow passages in the upper crankcase component 32 run parallel to
- two mouth openings 15 are provided, which are arranged on opposite sides of the center plane 50. At each orifice opening 15, an overflow channel 11 and an overflow channel 12 open with their common channel section 38.
- the orifices 15 are arranged inside the lower connecting flange 69, so that the orifices 15 on the side of the parting plane 81 (FIG. 23) into the crankcase interior 16 open, at which also the cylinder 2 is arranged.
- the mouth openings 15 are located on the outer circumference of recesses 92 for the crank webs of the crankshaft 7.
- the bearing shells 46 are located farther away from the center plane 50.
- the mouth openings 15 lie in the second sector 22, in which the outlet 10 is arranged is.
- the overflow channels 11, 12 are therefore out of the first sector 21 and the fourth sector 24 in the common, second sector 22 out, in which they open into the crankcase interior 16.
- the overflow channels 11 and 12 are guided around the bearing shells 46 around. This results in a favorable flow and at the same time a small size of the two-stroke engine 1.
- the upper crankcase component 32 has a base body 93 extending from the upper connection flange 68 to the lower Connecting flange 69 extends and has a measured parallel to the cylinder longitudinal axis 17 height b.
- the inserts 27 have a height c, which is greater than the height b in the embodiment. The height c is advantageously 3 times to 10 times the height f of the overflow windows 13, 14 (FIG. 10).
- FIGS. 24 and 25 also show, in the upper crankcase component 32 the inner wall 20, the outer wall 19 and both side walls 25 and 26 of the common channel sections 38 of the overflow channels 11 and 12 are formed. The course of the walls of the overflow channels 11, 12 is chosen so that the upper crankcase member 32 is demolded in a die-casting.
- the recesses 92 for the crank webs of the crankshaft 7 and between the two recesses 92 for the crank webs a recess 94 for the connecting rod 6 (FIG. 1) are visible.
- Figures 26 to 38 show a further preferred embodiment of a cylinder 102 and an upper crankcase component 132 for a two-stroke engine 101.
- Figure 27 shows a section along the median plane 50 (Figure 26).
- the center plane 50 divides the inlet 9 and the outlet 10 and contains the cylinder longitudinal axis 17 (FIG. 27).
- the center plane 50 is the sectional plane in FIG. 27.
- the structure of the cylinder 102 and the upper crankcase component 132 substantially correspond to the structure of the cylinder 2 and of the upper crankcase component 32 of the two-stroke engine 1.
- the two-stroke engine 101 has two inlet-near overflow channels 111 and two outlet-near overflow channels 112, which are merged into a common channel section 138.
- the common channel sections 138 which run on opposite sides of the median plane 50 (FIG. 27), are brought together in a common channel section 139, which opens into the crankcase interior 16 with a common orifice 115. Accordingly, in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 26 to 38, only a single outlet opening 115 is provided for all overflow channels 111, 112, whereas in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 25 two outlet openings 15 are provided on opposite sides of the center plane 50.
- the mouth opening 115 is arranged on the crankcase 4 facing side of the outlet 10. As shown in FIG. 27, the mouth opening has an upper edge 117, which in the exemplary embodiment is arranged slightly above the upper side 79 of the bearing shell 46.
- the mouth opening 115 has a lower edge 118, which is arranged below the upper side 79.
- the lower edge 118 has a distance d measured in the direction of the cylinder longitudinal axis 17 from the upper side 79 of the bearing shell 46.
- the lower edge 118 of the mouth opening 115 is advantageously arranged at least at the level of the upper side 79 of the bearing shell 46.
- the lower edge 118 below the upper side 79 that is arranged in a larger measured in the direction of the cylinder longitudinal axis 17 distance to the combustion chamber 3 as the top 79.
- the orifice 115 opens into the crankcase interior 16 in such a way that combustion air from the crankcase interior 16 flows into the common passage section 139 approximately parallel to the cylinder longitudinal axis 17. Thereby a small deflection of the flow and thus a low flow resistance is achieved.
- the deflection of the flow in the transfer channels 111, 112 can be kept low, and there is a favorable channel geometry.
- FIG. 28 also shows the transfer openings 76 with which the overflow channels 111 and 112 pass into the upper crankcase component 132. As shown in FIG. 28, the side wall 126 of the transfer passages formed on the upper crankcase member 132 also enters the cylinder 2. In Fig. 28, the design of the Leitrampe 51 is shown. The guide ramp 51 is arranged approximately at the level of the lower side of the inlet 9 and is concave, so that the flow is directed to the underside of the piston.
- the common channel sections 138 are guided separately from the two cylinder sides in the cylinder 102 and guided together in the crankcase component 132.
- the overflow channels 111 and 112 have outlet-side side walls 125.
- the outlet-side side walls 125 have at the bottom 18 of the cylinder 102 in the embodiment a small distance from each other.
- the common channel sections 138 are brought together from both sides of the median plane 50.
- internal thread openings 134 are provided in the cylinder 102.
- the crankcase member 132 has attachment holes 133 formed as through holes. The crankcase component 132 can thereby be connected to the cylinder 102 via fastening screws which are screwed into the cylinder 102.
- the screws are turned from the side facing away from the cylinder 102 into a position shown in FIG. 29 not shown lower crankcase member 33 inserted through the upper crankcase member 132 and screwed into the cylinder 102 in the female threaded holes 134.
- Figures 30 and 31 show the design of the cylinder 102 in detail.
- the design of the cylinder 102 essentially corresponds to the design of the cylinder 2.
- Wall sections 75, on which the inner wall sections 120a of the overflow channels 111, 112 are formed, are provided on the cylinder 102.
- the outer wall 119 of the transfer passages is partially formed in the cylinder 102.
- the side wall 126 is formed on a drawer 127 which projects from the upper connection flange 68 of the upper crankcase component 132 into the cylinder.
- the overflow channels 111 and 112 from the opposite cylinder sides enter the upper crankcase component 132 at a common transfer opening 116.
- the design of the transfer opening 116 is also shown in FIG.
- the side walls 126 are formed up to the level of the lower edges 43, 44 of the overflow windows on the upper crankcase component 132.
- all overflow channels 111, 112 open at a common orifice 115 into the crankcase interior.
- the center plane 50 of the cylinder 102 in this case intersects the mouth opening 115.
- the side wall 126 in the second exemplary embodiment is inclined more towards the cylinder longitudinal axis 17.
- the wells 77 in the upper crankcase component 132 can be seen.
- 38 shows the mouth opening 118.
- the mouth opening 115 with which the common channel section 139 opens into the crankcase interior 16, is narrower than the transfer opening 116.
- FIGS. 39 to 46 show a further preferred exemplary embodiment of a two-stroke engine 201 which has a cylinder 202 and an upper crankcase component 232.
- the upper crankcase member 232 has an upper one Insertion 227 is formed, which projects into the cylinder 202 and the overflow channels 11, 12 limited to the cylinder interior 87 out.
- Fig. 40 also shows the division of the cylinder 202 into the four sectors 21, 22, 23 and 24. In the sectors 21 and 24, the transfer ports 13 and 14 are arranged. The overflow windows 13 are arranged between the cylinder sections 29 and 31 and the overflow windows 14 between the cylinder sections 31 and 30. As shown in FIG.
- the slots 227 abut against the cylinder sections 29, 30 and 31 with flat side walls.
- the inserts 227 are at least in the region of the cylinder sections 29, 30 and 31, which are in the bottom dead center of the piston 5 in contact with the combustion chamber 3, sealingly connected in the circumferential direction. This is in particular the region immediately below the overflow windows 13 and 14 to at least the height of the piston ring 71 (FIG. 14) at the bottom dead center of the piston 5.
- the sealing connection to the cylinder sections 29 and 30 is essential since the overflow channels 11 and 12 below the barrier rib 42 are already connected to each other anyway.
- the insert 227 has a first contact surface 228 to the cylinder portion 29.
- a second contact surface 229 is formed between the inlet-close overflow channel 11 and the cylinder portion 31, and a third contact surface 230 between the outlet-near overflow channel 12 and the cylinder portion 31.
- a fourth contact surface 231 is formed between the cylinder portion 30 and the outlet-overflow channel 12 close to the outlet.
- the inlet 9 is also shown schematically with a dashed line.
- the insert 227 is pressed with the cylinder 202.
- the insert 227 is also pressed against the contact surfaces 229 and 230 with the cylinder 202.
- Contact surfaces 228, 229, 230 and 231 may be advantageous.
- FIG. 41 shows the arrangement of the insert 227 in the cylinder 202 and the formation of the inner wall 20 on the insert 227.
- the sectional view in Fig. 41 shows the arrangement of the insert 227 in the cylinder 202 and the formation of the inner wall 20 on the insert 227.
- the Leitrampe 51 serves to mix in Direction to the piston head 70 (Fig. 14) to steer. Thereby, the cooling of the piston 5 can be improved.
- Fig. 42 schematically shows the position of the piston ring 71 at the bottom dead center of the piston.
- the separating rib 42 projects further down between the overflow windows 13 and 14 in the direction of the crankcase 4.
- the piston ring 71 is thereby guided to the bottom dead center of the piston at the separating rib 42 and does not come into contact with the insert 227
- the piston ring 71 is guided over the entire piston stroke movement on the cylinder 102. A threading of the piston ring 71 is thereby prevented.
- the lower edges 43 and 44 of the overflow windows 13 and 14 are formed on the insert 227.
- the contact surfaces 229 and 230 are provided, at which the insert 227 may be pressed with the cylinder 202.
- the contact surface 231 of the insert 227 is advantageously pressed with the cylinder 202.
- the compression is advantageously designed so that there is a tight connection between the insert 227 and the cylinder 202 at the contact surfaces 228 and 231.
- the connection is not frictional, so that the drawer 227 can be disassembled from the cylinder 202 nondestructive. A sluggish joining of the insert 227 in the cylinder 202 should be possible.
- the sealing effect is achieved by reducing the gap widths of the existing gap between the insert 227 and the cylinder 202.
- the sealing effect is achieved by forming the contact surface with a step, that is, by configuring the gap, similar to a labyrinth seal.
- the insert 227 is sealingly connected to the contact surfaces 228 and 231 with the cylinder sections 29 and 31, advantageously by compression.
- a stepped course of the contact surfaces is not provided.
- FIGS. 44 and 45 show the configuration of the crankcase component 232 in FIG.
- the inserts 227 have a first, near-inlet side wall 233. At the Recess 45 into which protrudes the barrier rib 42, a first, near-inlet side wall 234 and a second, near-outlet side wall 235 are formed.
- the insert 227 also has an outlet-side side wall 236.
- the side walls 233, 234, 235 and 236 are aligned approximately parallel to the cylinder longitudinal axis 17 in the embodiment. In this case, demolding slopes are advantageously provided, which may be about 0.5 ° to 2 °, so that demolding during production by die casting is possible.
- Fig. 46 shows the cylinder 202 in detail.
- an inlet-side side wall 237 and an outlet-side side wall 240 are respectively formed.
- the side wall 240 is formed on a wall section 75 of the cylinder 202, which also forms the inner wall 20 of the overflow channels 11 and 12.
- An inlet-side side wall 238 and an outlet-side side wall 239 are formed on the separating rib 42.
- the side walls 233 and 237 form the first contact surface 228.
- the side walls 234 and 238 form the second contact surface 229, the side walls 235 and 239 form the third contact surface 230, and the side walls 236 and 240 form the fourth contact surface 231.
- FIGS. 47 to 55 show a further preferred exemplary embodiment of a two-stroke engine 301.
- the two-stroke engine 301 has four overflow channels 311 and 312. All overflow channels 311, 312 open into the crankcase interior 16 with separate mouth openings, with the intake ports 311 close to the inlet being guided approximately below the inlet 9
- the two-stroke engine 301 includes a cylinder 302 and an upper crankcase component 332.
- the upper crankcase component 332 is disposed on a lower crankcase component 333, which is shown schematically in FIG. 48.
- the two-stroke engine 301 is a vorläge with two-stroke engine flushing.
- At the inlet 9 opens a mixture channel 303, which is connected to a carburetor 307, is sucked through the combustion air.
- the combustion air sucked in via an air filter 309 is supplied with fuel.
- On the cylinder 302 also opens an air duct 304 with two symmetrical to the center plane 50 arranged air channel windows 308.
- the two-stroke engine 301 has a piston 305 having on its outside two piston pockets 306 formed as depressions in the piston skirt. In the region of the top dead center of the piston 305, each piston pocket 306 connects an air channel window 308 with the overflow windows 13 and 14 arranged on one side of the center plane 50 of inlet-side overflow channels 311 and outlet-overflow channels 312 close to the outlet.
- the inlet-close overflow channels 311 are guided under the inlet 9 and open with mouth openings 315 and 316 on the inlet 9 facing side of the two-stroke engine 301.
- two slots 327 are formed, each form a portion of the inner wall 20 of the overflow channels 311 and 312 and which protrude to the lower edge 43 of the overflow window 13 and to the lower edge 44 of the overflow window 14.
- the overflow windows 13 and 14 are separated by a barrier rib 342 which is integrally formed on the cylinder 302.
- FIG. 29 shows, an inlet-side side wall 329 of the outlet-near overflow channel 312 is formed on the insert 327.
- the inner wall 20 is also formed on the insert 327, while the outer wall 19 is formed on the cylinder 302.
- the formation of the inlet-side side wall 329 on the insert 327 can also be seen in FIG. 50.
- 51 shows the arrangement of the separating rib 342 between the overflow channels 311 and 312.
- the contact surfaces 228, 229, 230 and 231 have no step, but are straight in accordance with the embodiment of FIGS. 39 to 46 educated.
- the inserts 327 are connected to the cylinder sections 29, 30 and 31 at least up to the position of the piston ring 71 in the bottom dead center of the piston 305 sealingly, for example by pressing.
- the near-intake overflow channel 311 has side walls 325 and 326.
- the outlet-near overflow channel 312 has the outlet-near side wall 328 and the inlet-side side wall 329.
- the insert 327 has the inner walls 320 and the side walls 325 and 329 formed therein.
- the side walls 326 and 328 and the outer wall 319 are formed on the cylinder 302.
- the overflow channels 311 and 312 are guided away from one another in the flow direction from the combustion chamber 3 to the crankcase interior 16.
- the inlet-near overflow channels 311 are guided into the area below the inlet 9 and the outlet-near overflow channels 312 into the area below the outlet 10.
- FIGS. 53 and 54 show the design of the upper crankcase component 332.
- FIG. 53 also shows the orifice openings 317 and 318 with which the outlet-near overflow channels 312 lead into the crankcase interior 16.
- the slots 327 each have a recess 345 between the lower edges 43 and 44 of the transfer ports 13 and 14.
- the barrier rib 342 protrudes in the assembled state.
- the barrier rib 342 can be pressed in the circumferential direction on the insert 327.
- the inner wall 320 is divided into an inner wall portion 320a formed on the insert 327 and an inner wall portion 320b shown in FIG. 55 formed on the cylinder 302. As shown in FIG.
- the mouth openings 315 to 318 are open. There is no partition wall between the space 35 under the piston and the crankcase interior 16.
- the mouth openings 315 to 318 advantageously extend at least up to the height of the upper side 79 of the bearing shell 46 (FIG. 27).
- the two inlet-near overflow channels 311 and the two outlet-near overflow channels 312 each at a common
- Figures 56 to 62 show another preferred embodiment of a two-stroke engine 401, wherein a cylinder 402 and an upper crankcase component 432 of the two-stroke engine 401 are shown.
- inserts 427 are provided which separate overflow channels 411 and 412 from the cylinder interior 87.
- the inserts 427 have to the cylinder sections 29, 30 and 31, the contact surfaces 228, 229, 230 and 231, at which the slots 427 are sealingly connected to the cylinder 402, advantageously by pressing.
- the contact surfaces 228 to 231 are flat and have no stepped course.
- the separating rib 442 has a comparatively long design and protrudes clearly beyond the position of the piston ring 71 shown schematically in FIG. 59 in the bottom dead center of the piston 5 Piston ring 71 is arranged at the bottom dead center of the piston below the lower edges 43 and 44 of the transfer ports 13 and 14. Due to the design of the separating rib 442, the piston ring 71 is guided over the entire piston stroke movement on the cylinder 402. A threading of the piston ring 71 is thereby prevented.
- the upper crankcase component 432 has two slots 427 on which the inner wall 20 and the side wall 26 as well as the lower edges 43 and 44 of the transfer windows 13 and 14 are formed.
- the inserts 427 have the inlet-side side walls 233 and the outlet-side side walls 236.
- Each insert 427 has on its upper side facing the combustion chamber 3, the lower edges 43 and 44, which limit the transfer ports 13 and 14.
- a recess 445 is provided in each case, on which side walls 234 and 235 are formed.
- the side walls 233 to 236 form with corresponding side walls in the cylinder 402, the contact surfaces 228 and 231. This corresponds to the design of the embodiment of Figures 39 to 46.
- the upper crankcase component 432 has neither patches 36 or 37 nor a partition 34th
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2015/001149 WO2016198082A1 (de) | 2015-06-08 | 2015-06-08 | Zweitaktmotor |
| DE112015006602.0T DE112015006602A5 (de) | 2015-06-08 | 2015-06-08 | Zweitaktmotor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2015/001149 WO2016198082A1 (de) | 2015-06-08 | 2015-06-08 | Zweitaktmotor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2016198082A1 true WO2016198082A1 (de) | 2016-12-15 |
Family
ID=53396432
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2015/001149 Ceased WO2016198082A1 (de) | 2015-06-08 | 2015-06-08 | Zweitaktmotor |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE112015006602A5 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2016198082A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP4306780A1 (de) * | 2022-07-11 | 2024-01-17 | Andreas Stihl AG & Co. KG | Zylinder, zweitaktmotor mit einem zylinder und arbeitsgerät mit einem zweitaktmotor |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4143626A (en) * | 1977-10-04 | 1979-03-13 | Performance Industries, Inc. | Injector porting for two cycle internal combustion engine |
| DE3927816A1 (de) * | 1989-08-23 | 1991-02-28 | Mahle Gmbh | Kolben fuer 2-takt-verbrennungsmotoren |
| US20110146643A1 (en) * | 2009-12-19 | 2011-06-23 | Andreas Stihl Ag & Co. Kg | Two-Stroke Engine |
| US20130263812A1 (en) * | 2012-04-04 | 2013-10-10 | Andreas Stihl Ag & Co. Kg | Internal Combustion Engine |
| DE202013101949U1 (de) * | 2013-05-06 | 2014-08-19 | Makita Corporation | Zweitaktmotor mit verbesserter Kraftstoffführung |
-
2015
- 2015-06-08 WO PCT/EP2015/001149 patent/WO2016198082A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2015-06-08 DE DE112015006602.0T patent/DE112015006602A5/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4143626A (en) * | 1977-10-04 | 1979-03-13 | Performance Industries, Inc. | Injector porting for two cycle internal combustion engine |
| DE3927816A1 (de) * | 1989-08-23 | 1991-02-28 | Mahle Gmbh | Kolben fuer 2-takt-verbrennungsmotoren |
| US20110146643A1 (en) * | 2009-12-19 | 2011-06-23 | Andreas Stihl Ag & Co. Kg | Two-Stroke Engine |
| US20130263812A1 (en) * | 2012-04-04 | 2013-10-10 | Andreas Stihl Ag & Co. Kg | Internal Combustion Engine |
| DE202013101949U1 (de) * | 2013-05-06 | 2014-08-19 | Makita Corporation | Zweitaktmotor mit verbesserter Kraftstoffführung |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP4306780A1 (de) * | 2022-07-11 | 2024-01-17 | Andreas Stihl AG & Co. KG | Zylinder, zweitaktmotor mit einem zylinder und arbeitsgerät mit einem zweitaktmotor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE112015006602A5 (de) | 2018-04-05 |
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