Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/63—Compounds containing para-N-benzenesulfonyl-N-groups, e.g. sulfanilamide, p-nitrobenzenesulfonyl hydrazide
  • A61K31/635—Compounds containing para-N-benzenesulfonyl-N-groups, e.g. sulfanilamide, p-nitrobenzenesulfonyl hydrazide having a heterocyclic ring, e.g. sulfadiazine
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
  • A61K47/02—Inorganic compounds
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
  • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
  • A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
  • A61K47/10—Alcohols; Phenols; Salts thereof, e.g. glycerol; Polyethylene glycols [PEG]; Poloxamers; PEG/POE alkyl ethers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
  • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
  • A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
  • A61K47/14—Esters of carboxylic acids, e.g. fatty acid monoglycerides, medium-chain triglycerides, parabens or PEG fatty acid esters
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
  • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
  • A61K47/26—Carbohydrates, e.g. sugar alcohols, amino sugars, nucleic acids, mono-, di- or oligo-saccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. polysorbates, sorbitan fatty acid esters or glycyrrhizin
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
  • A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
  • A61K47/36—Polysaccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. gums, starch, alginate, dextrin, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, inulin, agar or pectin
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
  • A61K47/44—Oils, fats or waxes according to two or more groups of A61K47/02-A61K47/42; Natural or modified natural oils, fats or waxes, e.g. castor oil, polyethoxylated castor oil, montan wax, lignite, shellac, rosin, beeswax or lanolin
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/0087—Galenical forms not covered by A61K9/02 - A61K9/7023
  • A61K9/0095—Drinks; Beverages; Syrups; Compositions for reconstitution thereof, e.g. powders or tablets to be dispersed in a glass of water; Veterinary drenches
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/08—Solutions
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/10—Dispersions; Emulsions
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
  • A61P19/02—Drugs for skeletal disorders for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]

Definitions

• the present invention relates generally to aqueous formulations of celecoxib in solution and suspension form, and methods for manufacturing aqueous celecoxib formulations.
• Celecoxib a diaryl substituted pyrazole chemically designated as 4-[5-(4-methylphenyl)- 3-(trifluoromethyl)-lH-pyrazol-l-yl]benzenesulfonamide (Figure 1), was first approved by the FDA as an oral capsule in 1998 under the tradename Celebrex® for the treatment of
• Agrawal reports four aqueous polyethylene glycol celecoxib compositions for injection, wherein the polyethylene glycol in the formulations is included as a co-solvent to increase celecoxib solubility.
• Two of the formulations also contain either urea or piperazine as solubility enhancers.
• the two formulations (CPEG6W and CPEG4W) without piperazine or urea solubility enhancers contain 27% (w/w) water and 73% (w/w) polyethylene glycol (calculated based on 35 mL PEG with q.s. 50 mL water for injection).
• IIG inactive ingredients
• PEG 400 and PEG 600 are 5% for injectable solutions and 60% PEG400 and 13% PEG600 for oral concentrates.
• Piperazine is not in use in FDA approved injectable or oral solutions, and urea is only in preparations for intramuscular injections.
• the '895 patent describes a comparative aqueous celecoxib formulation administered in a hard gelatin capsule.
• the '895 patent capsule formulation is a mixture of water (2.7% w/w), PEG400 (27.1%w/w), and Tween® 80 (21.7% w/w).
• the '895 patent capsule also contains the polymeric excipients UPMC and PVP, suggesting the capsule formulation is semi-solid, or a viscous solution.
• the presently disclosed invention provides, in a general aspect, aqueous celecoxib formulations.
• the invention comprises celecoxib in solution, suspension, or combination thereof and wherein the incorporation of co-solvents allows for liquid dosage forms of celecoxib at least up to concentrations of 10 mg/mL.
• the invention is a pharmaceutical preparation for use in humans and/or animals including (a) 5 -10 mg/mL celecoxib in solution, suspension, or combination thereof; (b) a co-solvent; and (c) at least 50% w/w of water.
• the co- solvents are selected from among ethanol, glycerin, polyethylene glycol 400, polysorbate 80, polyoxyl 40 hydrogenated castor oil, a poloxamer, propylene glycol, and combinations thereof.
• the pharmaceutical preparation is for oral administration.
• celecoxib is in solution.
• the pharmaceutical preparation includes (a) 10 mg/mL celecoxib in solution, suspension, or combination thereof; (b) a co-solvent selected from among ethanol, glycerin, polyethylene glycol 400, polysorbate 80, a poloxamer, propylene glycol, and combinations thereof; (c) at least one non-ionic surfactant; and (d) at least 10% w/w of water.
• the present disclosure provides aqueous formulations of celecoxib in suspension form, and methods for manufacturing the formulations.
• an aqueous pharmaceutical preparation comprising 0.1-2.5%) celecoxib (w/v), 5-30% propylene glycol (w/v), 2.5 -30%> glycerin (w/v), 0.1-2.5%) xanthan gum (w/v), optionally 0.2-2.5%) magnesium aluminum silicate (w/v), at least 50%) water, and a pH that is about 3 to about 7, wherein the aqueous formulation is chemically and physically stable after at least 3 months storage at 40°C.
• Methods for making the formulations as described are provided in further embodiments.
• Figure 1 shows the structure of celecoxib.
• the presently disclosed invention provides, in general, pharmaceutical preparations for use in humans and/or animals that are aqueous compositions of celecoxib that may be formulated for oral administration.
• 5 - 10 mg of celecoxib is provided in a solution, suspension or combination thereof, and the formulation further includes one or more co-solvents, and at least 50% w/w of water.
• celecoxib is in solution.
• soluble or "in solution” it is meant that celecoxib is uniformly distributed throughout the formulation, is not visible to the naked eye as a solid, and does not settle out of the formulation as a solid upon standing.
• analytical methods for quantifying the percent of dissolution may also be used, such as an HPLC method developed for determining the concentration of celecoxib from a sample that has been filtered to remove solids.
• Analytical determination and reporting of the amount of celecoxib in solution may be defined as a range such as ⁇ 10%) of the formulated amount of celecoxib, so that being in solution is in such case defined as meaning that 90 to 110%> of the formulated amount of celecoxib is determined to be dissolved in a formulation.
• suspension is meant a heterogeneous mixture containing solid (solute) particles, sometimes called the dispersed phase, in a dispersion medium such as a solvent or solvent mixture, wherein the solid particles will eventually settle out of a solution.
• the solute does not exist as a solid, and the mixture of the solute in the solvent is homogeneous.
• the settling time of a solute out of a liquid dispersion medium will depend, among other things, on the type and amount of suspending agent(s) in the composition. If not visible by the naked eye, particles in suspension are visible under a microscope.
• the sizes of the suspended particles according to the present invention are about 1 micron to about 200 microns. In some compositions the sizes of the particles are about 1 to about 100 microns.
• Co-solvents are employed in the celecoxib preparations herein described to increase the solubility of celecoxib.
• Celecoxib is a hydrophobic molecule with low solubility in water.
• solubility of celecoxib in aqueous preparations may be increased by using certain co-solvents.
• synergistic combinations and amounts of co-solvents provide unexpected solubility and stability of celecoxib in an aqueous preparation than would be expected based on celecoxib solubility in the co-solvent alone, or based on its solubility in a single co-solvent plus water.
• Preferred co-solvents are those that increase the solubility of celecoxib in aqueous compositions to the desired level of drug incorporation, are approved by the FDA for oral administration, and/or are generally regarded as safe (GRAS), and provide compositions that exhibit physicochemical stability.
• the stability of formulated compositions may be assessed by a stability program. Stability programs may be devised depending on the desired shelf life and the requirements for regulatory approval.
• a stability program may include evaluation of the stability of a composition at a variety of temperatures, wherein elevated temperature stability may be part of an accelerated stability testing program wherein stability at higher temperatures for a given time period is predictive of longer term stability at lower temperatures. Parameters that may be evaluated in a stability program include, for example, appearance, stability of the formulated ingredients, level of impurities which may arise due to degradation, physical properties such as specific gravity and viscosity, pH, and bioburden (i.e. levels of
• the presently disclosed invention provides liquid formulations for oral administration comprising 5 to 10 mg/mL celecoxib, a co-solvent, and at least 50% water (w/w).
• the co-solvents are selected from among ethanol, glycerin, polyethylene glycol 400, polysorbate 80, polyoxyl 40 hydrogenated castor oil (CO40), a poloxamer, propylene glycol, and combinations thereof.
• celecoxib is in solution.
• the amount of celecoxib is 5 mg/mL and the co-solvents are a combination of PEG 400 and CO40.
• the amount of PEG400 is about 21% (w/w), and the amount of CO40 is 10% (w/w).
• liquid formulations for oral are provided.
• a co-solvent that is selected from ethanol, glycerin, polyethylene glycol 400, a poloxamer, propylene glycol, and combinations thereof ;(c) at least one non-ionic surfactant; and (d) at least 10% w/w of water.
• the non-ionic surfactant is CO40, polysorbate 80, or combinations thereof.
• the nonionic surfactant is polysorbate 80 at a concentration of ⁇ 10%.
• the co-solvent includes polyethylene glycol at a concentration that is ⁇ 62% (w/w).
• the co- solvent includes polyethylene glycol at a concentration that is ⁇ 62% and a nonionic surfactant including polysorbate 80.
• the present invention also includes aqueous pharmaceutical preparations of celecoxib for use in humans and/or animals, wherein celecoxib is suspended in the preparation.
• celecoxib may be partially suspended.
• partially suspended it is meant that at a portion of celecoxib in the preparation is suspended as a solid particle.
• a portion of celecoxib in the formulation that is not suspended may be dissolved in the formulation as a solution.
• One way of determining the portion of celecoxib that is suspended would be to analyze the amount of celecoxib in the formulation as compared to the amount of celecoxib in the formulation after it has been filtered to remove suspended celecoxib particles.
• the celecoxib preparations described herein exhibit chemical and physical stability.
• the preparations exhibit chemical and physical stability after at least 3 months storage at 40°C
• the presently disclosed invention includes a
• the celecoxib suspension includes 0.1-2.0%) citric acid (w/v) and 0.01-2.0%) trisodium citrate, dihydrate (w/v).
• the suspension includes sodium phosphate, monobasic, monohydrate, and sodium phosphate dibasic.
• the pH of the suspension is between about 4 to about 6.
• One exemplary embodiment includes 0.1-2.5%) grape flavor.
• the particle size of celecoxib is between about 1 micron to about 200 microns.
• 0.2 - 2.5% magnesium aluminum silicate (w/v) may be added. The instant inventors have discovered that it is sometimes desirable to not include magnesium aluminum silicate in large batches of the celecoxib preparation so as to facilitate pH adjustment and processing. In such cases, omission of magnesium aluminum silicate did not have any adverse effect on the final product properties.
• the amount of celecoxib is about 1%> (w/v)
• the amount of propylene glycol is about 5% (w/v)
• the amount of glycerin is about 15%(w/v)
• the amount of xanthan gum is about 0.25
• the pH is 5.0 ⁇ 0.2.
• Magnesium aluminum silicate such as in an amount that is about 1% (w/v) may be included in a further embodiment.
• the presently disclosed invention also provides a method for preparing a celecoxib suspension.
• the presently disclosed method comprises preparing a pre-mix composition wherein celecoxib is dispersed in a mixture of non-aqueous solvents and an emulsifying/suspending agent.
• the premix is added to an aqueous mixture of other formulation excipients including wetting agents/stabilizers, buffers, flavorings, and preservatives.
• the temperature of the pre-mix, amount of stirring time, and order of incorporation of the ingredients is selected so as to provide optimal dispersion and insure the stability of all of the formulation ingredients.
• a method for preparing a celecoxib suspension as has been generally described above comprises sequentially adding to a first vessel ingredients including propylene glycol, methylparaben, propylparaben, glycerin, optional magnesium aluminum silicate, xanthan gum, and celecoxib, and mixing after each ingredient is fully dissolved, in the case of propylene glycol, methylparaben, propylparaben, and glycerin, or for, xanthan gum and celecoxib and optionally, magnesium aluminum silicate, until they are fully dispersed.
• a portion of water is added to a second vessel, and the contents of the first vessel are added to the second. Buffers and/or flavorings are then added to the second vessel, and after determining the pH, the pH is adjusted with an acid or a base.
• the suspension batch is finished by adding quantum sufficit (q.s.) water to provide a final desired batch weight.
• the portion of water added to the second vessel is about 40% of the desired final batch weight.
• the flavorings include sucralose.
• the flavoring further includes grape flavoring.
• other flavorings may be used according to the preference of the formulator and the consumer.
• the buffer that is added to the suspension includes citric acid and sodium citrate.
• an acid and/or base are used.
• the acid and base is citric acid and sodium citrate, respectively, which are desirable as a buffer acid/base pair for adjusting and maintaining pH between about 3.5 to about 5.
• the acid and base may be other buffer components that provide the desired buffering strength and pH range for the formulation.
• phosphate buffer components such as sodium dihydrogen phosphate and disodium hydrogen phosphate may be used.
• Mixtures of different buffering types are another option, for example combinations of citric acid/citrate and sodium phosphates.
• Preservatives may also be added to the aqueous formulations herein described.
• the function of a preservative or preservative mixture in a formulation is to provide a means for controlling and preventing escalation of microorganisms to unsafe levels during storage. Because preservative efficacy may be affected by the particular type and quantity of formulation components, preservative efficacy testing is a necessary regulatory requirement for packaged pharmaceutical products.
• the preservatives include 0.015-0.2% methyl paraben and 0.01 to 0.1%) propyl paraben.
• a method for manufacturing a celecoxib suspension as previously described includes (a) preparing a first premix formulation combining ingredients consisting of propylene glycol, glycerin, methylparaben, propylparaben, xanthan gum, and celecoxib; optionally, (b) preparing a second premix formulation by combining water and magnesium aluminum silicate; (c) preparing an intermediate mixture by combining water, sucralose, citric acid, sodium citrate, and grape flavor together, and then adding the first and second premix formulations; and (d) preparing a final mixture by
• the method may further comprise heating the propylene glycol and glycerin mixture in step (a) to about 40 to about 45°C prior to adding methylparaben and propylparaben, and discontinuing the heating after the methylparaben and propylparaben are fully dissolved.
• celecoxib is added to the first premix formulation after all of the other ingredients have been combined.
• the acid or base used to adjust the pH of the formulation may be citric acid, or sodium citrate, respectively.
• the quantity of water in the preliminary formulations may be adjusted so as to provide dispersion and ensure stability of the components during
• the amount of water that is added to the second pre-mix in step (b) is about 40% of the total amount of water required for the formulation. In some embodiments, the amount of water that is added to the intermediate mixture in step (c) is about 20 to about 25% of the total amount of water required for the formulation.
• a series of co-solvents were used for preparing aqueous solutions of celecoxib. All of the co-solvents are approved by the FDA for inclusion in orally administered drug products.
• the co-solvents included ethanol, polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400), Tween 80 (polysorbate 80), Kolliphor RH 40 (CO40), and Poloxamer. 1.2 Formulation Method.
• Aqueous solutions of celecoxib were prepared by dissolving celecoxib in the co-solvent or combinations of co-solvents, and stirred until the solution was clear. The desired quantity of water was then added to the co-solvent solution.
• Aqueous compositions of celecoxib (5 mg/mL and 10 mg/mL) were prepared according to the method described in 1.2, and are summarized in Table 1 :
• Sample concentration 0.05 mg/mL; 2 Sample concentration 0.5 mg/mL.
• Step 1 1. In small tank, add water and start agitation. 2. Add citric acid and mix until completely dissolved. 3. Add sucralose and mix until completely dissolved. 4. Add sodium citrate dihydrate and mix until completely dissolved.
• Step 2 1. Tare another tank (Faby tank) and transfer solution from step 1 into Faby tank.
• Step 3 1. In the small tank, add propylene glycol and start agitation. 2. Add methyl paraben and mix until completely dissolved. 3. Add propyl paraben and mix until completely dissolved. Step 4: Add glycerin to the solution of step 3, and mix for at least 10 minutes.
• Step 5 Add xanthan gum to the solution from step 4, while maintaining vigorous agitation until complete dispersion.
• Step 6 To the solution from step 5, add celecoxib and mix until complete dispersion.
• Step 7 In the Faby tank, start agitation and slowly transfer the solution from step 6. Mix with re-circulation for a minimum of 15 minutes. Rinse the tank and transfer pail with ⁇ 2 liters purified water.
• Step 8 To the solution from step 7, add grape flavor and mix at least 15 minutes until complete dispersion.
• Step 9 Measure pH and adjust to 4.9 - 5.1 pH with 10% w/w NaOH or 10% HC1 solution for 5 minutes after each addition.
• Step 10 QS with purified water to 200L and mix for at least 60 minutes.

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• 2016
  • 2016-05-24 WO PCT/US2016/033937 patent/WO2016196085A1/en not_active Ceased
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