WO2016194153A1 - Dispositif de conversion de puissance, dispositif de compensation de courant haute fréquence, conditionneur d'air - Google Patents

Dispositif de conversion de puissance, dispositif de compensation de courant haute fréquence, conditionneur d'air Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016194153A1
WO2016194153A1 PCT/JP2015/065969 JP2015065969W WO2016194153A1 WO 2016194153 A1 WO2016194153 A1 WO 2016194153A1 JP 2015065969 W JP2015065969 W JP 2015065969W WO 2016194153 A1 WO2016194153 A1 WO 2016194153A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
switching element
power
resistance
power conversion
power supply
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Application number
PCT/JP2015/065969
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
貴之 橋本
将志 大田
Original Assignee
ジョンソンコントロールズ ヒタチ エア コンディショニング テクノロジー(ホンコン)リミテッド
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by ジョンソンコントロールズ ヒタチ エア コンディショニング テクノロジー(ホンコン)リミテッド filed Critical ジョンソンコントロールズ ヒタチ エア コンディショニング テクノロジー(ホンコン)リミテッド
Priority to JP2017521406A priority Critical patent/JP6608441B2/ja
Priority to PCT/JP2015/065969 priority patent/WO2016194153A1/fr
Publication of WO2016194153A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016194153A1/fr

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/06Separate outdoor units, e.g. outdoor unit to be linked to a separate room comprising a compressor and a heat exchanger
    • F24F1/20Electric components for separate outdoor units
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/01Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/40Arrangements for reducing harmonics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power converter, a harmonic current compensator, and an air conditioner.
  • IGBT Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor
  • This arm is further connected in parallel and connected to both ends with a smoothing capacitor.
  • Conversion circuits are known.
  • a harmonic current suppressing device active filter
  • the harmonic current suppression device is connected in parallel with a load such as a motor connected to an AC power source, and suppresses harmonic current generated on the load side (Patent Document 1).
  • a rush resistance is provided on the DC side of the power conversion circuit in order to prevent an excessive rush current from flowing through the smoothing capacitor when the power is turned on (Patent Document 2).
  • latter stage can also be protected.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a power converter, a harmonic current compensator, and an air conditioner that are improved in reliability by suppressing breakage of a switching element.
  • the present invention is a power conversion device that is connected to an AC power source and converts power, and is configured by connecting an arm in which an upper switching element and a lower switching element are connected in series.
  • a power converter, a smoothing capacitor connected to both ends of the arm, and a midpoint between the upper switching element and the lower switching element and the AC power source are connected to suppress inrush current. And anti-impact resistance.
  • the present invention it is possible to provide a power converter, a harmonic current compensator, and an air conditioner that are improved in reliability by suppressing breakage of a switching element.
  • Circuit diagram of IGBT and driver output stage The figure which shows the relationship between IGBT collector voltage change rate and IGBT breakdown voltage A diagram showing the relationship between inrush resistance and surge voltage A diagram showing the relationship between rush resistance and voltage change rate Diagram showing the relationship between inrush resistance and inrush current 1 is a circuit diagram of a harmonic current compensator according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Circuit diagram of harmonic current compensator of second embodiment of the present invention Circuit diagram of harmonic current compensator of third embodiment of the present invention
  • the circuit diagram of the power converter device of 4th Example of this invention The circuit diagram of the air conditioner provided with the harmonic current compensation apparatus of 5th Example of this invention
  • the side view of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner which implemented at least one among 1st Example to 5th Example of this invention The front view of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner which implemented at least one among 1st Example to 5th Example of this invention
  • FIG. 1 shows an IGBT and a driver circuit.
  • 1 shows an output stage 25 of a driver circuit for driving the IGBT 5 and the diode 6 and the IGBT 5, a P-type MOSFET 21, an N-type MOSFET 22, a gate resistor 20, a positive terminal 24 of the driver power supply, and a positive terminal of the main circuit power supply. 23 is described.
  • the gate terminal of the IGBT 5 is connected to the emitter terminal of the IGBT 5 through the gate resistor 20 and the N-type MOSFET 22. Since no voltage is supplied to the positive terminal 24 of the driver power supply when the breaker is turned on, the impedance of the N-type MOSFET 22 becomes indefinite.
  • the gate of the IGBT 5 is not floating with respect to the emitter, and is not short-circuited because the N-type MOSFET 22 is not turned on. In other words, it can be said that the gate and emitter of the IGBT are in an intermediate state between floating and short.
  • the IGBT gate and emitter are not short-circuited, that is, when the IGBT gate and emitter are in an intermediate state between floating and short-circuit, the breakdown voltage between the IGBT collector and emitter decreases.
  • Fig. 2 shows the relationship between the IGBT collector voltage change rate and the breakdown voltage.
  • the reason why the breakdown voltage on the vertical axis is BVcez is that the gate and emitter of the IGBT are connected via the impedance Z.
  • the components of the impedance Z are the gate resistance 20, the parasitic resistance Rs due to the N-type MOSFET 22, the parasitic inductance Ls, the parasitic resistance Rs due to the substrate wiring pattern and the pins of the power semiconductor package, and the parasitic inductance Ls.
  • the breakdown voltage when the gate and the emitter are short-circuited is described as BVces
  • the breakdown voltage when the gate and the emitter are open is described as BVceo.
  • the breakdown voltage of the IGBT decreases.
  • the parasitic resistance Rs and the parasitic inductance Ls between the gate and the emitter are larger, the breakdown voltage is significantly reduced.
  • the reason why the breakdown voltage of the IGBT decreases as the change rate dv / dt of the IGBT collector voltage increases is that the change in the collector voltage becomes higher in frequency, and the fluctuation of the gate voltage via the parasitic capacitance between the collector and the gate of the IGBT. This is because the frequency becomes higher and the impedance Z between the gate and the emitter of the IGBT increases. As the impedance Z increases, the voltage of the IGBT gate tends to fluctuate with respect to the emitter, and the breakdown voltage of the IGBT decreases.
  • the withstand voltage when dv / dt is low is converged to 700V. This indicates that when dv / dt is sufficiently small, the breakdown voltage of the IGBT matches BVces, that is, the breakdown voltage when the gate and the emitter are short-circuited.
  • FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the resistance value of the bump resistance and the surge voltage of the IGBT collector when the bump resistance is provided on the positive terminal or the negative terminal of the smoothing capacitor.
  • the surge voltage decreases as the resistance value of the rush resistance decreases. This is because the surge voltage suppression effect of the smoothing capacitor becomes significant by reducing the rush resistance.
  • FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the resistance value of the rush resistance and the IGBT collector voltage change rate dv / dt.
  • the dv / dt decreases as the resistance value of the rush resistance decreases.
  • a region below the dotted line in the figure is a range of dv / dt in which a withstand voltage of 700 V obtained from FIG. 2 can be secured. As can be seen from FIG. 4, even if the rush resistance is reduced, a withstand voltage of 700 V cannot be secured.
  • Fig. 5 shows the relationship between the resistance value of the inrush resistance and the inrush current of the smoothing capacitor. If the inrush resistance is reduced, the inrush current of the smoothing capacitor increases, and the target range of the inrush current is not satisfied. That is, reducing the inrush resistance does not fulfill the function of compensating for the inrush current, which is the original role of the inrush resistance. Therefore, the method of providing the inrush resistance at the positive electrode terminal or the negative electrode terminal of the smoothing capacitor cannot achieve both the IGBT breakdown voltage and the smoothing capacitor inrush current target.
  • FIG. 6 is a circuit block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a harmonic current compensation system including the harmonic current compensation apparatus of this embodiment.
  • This harmonic current compensation system is connected to an AC power source 1, an AC power source 1 through a breaker 2, a diode bridge 13 for converting AC power into DC power, a smoothing capacitor 14 connected to an output terminal of the diode bridge 13, and a motor.
  • a power conversion device 15 such as an inverter that supplies AC power to a load 42 such as an inverter and the diode bridge 13 are connected to the AC power source 1 in parallel to compensate for harmonic current generated in the diode bridge 13 and the power conversion device 15.
  • a harmonic current compensator 70 that is an active filter is provided.
  • the structural example in case AC power supply 1 is mainly three-phase is demonstrated.
  • the upper switching elements 5a to 5c such as IGBTs and the lower switching elements 5d to 5f are connected in series to form an arm. This arm is further connected in parallel to constitute a power converter.
  • Diodes 6a to 6c connected in antiparallel to upper switching elements 5a to 5c and diodes 6d to 6f connected in antiparallel to lower switching elements 5d to 5f are connected in series, respectively.
  • the midpoints of the upper switching elements 5a to 5c and the lower switching elements 5d to 5f are connected to the AC power source 1 via the breaker 2.
  • Driving circuits 4a to 4f for driving switching elements 5a to 5f, smoothing capacitors 3 connected to collector terminals of upper switching elements 5a to 5c and emitter terminals of lower switching elements 5d to 5f are provided.
  • a DC / DC converter 12 that steps down the voltage across the smoothing capacitor 3 and supplies the voltage to the harmonic current compensation controller 11 and the drive circuits 4a to 4f.
  • the AC power source 1 is connected to the middle point of the upper switching element and the lower switching element, the anti-resistance resistors 8a and 8b and the relays 7a and 7b connected in parallel to the anti-resistance resistors 8a and 8b, respectively Is provided.
  • the harmonic current compensator 70 is configured as described above.
  • the inrush resistances 8a and 8b are preferably provided in at least two phases of the three-phase alternating current in order to protect all the switching elements from the inrush current.
  • the relays 7a and 7b connected in parallel to the anti-resistance resistors 8a and 8b are turned on. Then, the current flow is switched from the resistances 8a and 8b to the relays 7a and 7b, and power loss due to the resistances 8a and 8b does not occur during normal operation.
  • the value of the current flowing through the diode bridge 13 is detected by the current detectors 80 a and 80 b and input to the harmonic current compensation controller 11. Using the current values detected by the current detectors 80 a and 80 b, the active filter 70 outputs a current that compensates for the harmonic current included in the current of the diode bridge 13.
  • FIG. 7 differs from FIG. 6 of the first embodiment in that AC reactors 30 a to 30 c and a noise filter 31 are provided at the subsequent stage of the AC power supply 1 branching to the diode bridge 3 and the active filter 70.
  • the noise filter 31 includes a common mode coil 32, an X capacitor 33, and a Y capacitor 34. AC reactors 30a to 30c compensate for harmonics generated by active filter 70.
  • the noise filter 31 suppresses noise such as a noise terminal voltage.
  • the anti-resistance resistors 8a and 8b are provided with anti-resistance resistors 8a and 8b in the subsequent stage in order to suppress fluctuations in the current, so that the anti-resistance resistors 8a and 8b themselves protecting the switching elements 5a to 5f. Can also be protected. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the destruction of the switching elements 5a to 5f and the collision resistances 8a and 8b, and to improve the reliability.
  • Example 3 (single phase) A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 differs from FIG. 6 of the first embodiment in that the AC power source 1 is a single phase. In the single phase, at least one pair of the rush resistance 8a and the relay 7a is provided.
  • the provision of the resistance resistor 8a on the AC side reduces the rate of change dv / dt of the voltage between the collectors and emitters of the switching elements 5a to 5f when the breaker 2 is turned on.
  • the breakdown voltage is improved. Therefore, the destruction of the switching element is suppressed, and a highly reliable harmonic current compensation device and harmonic current compensation system can be provided.
  • Example 4 (Converter)
  • a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 9 differs from FIG. 6 of the first embodiment in that a converter 71 is provided instead of the diode bridge 13.
  • the diode current is distorted in waveform as compared with the sine wave, and therefore an active filter for compensating the harmonic current is required.
  • the converter 71 can switch the switching elements 5a to 5f at a carrier frequency of about several kHz to 20 kHz, thereby bringing the current waveform of the smoothing capacitor 3 closer to a sine wave and suppressing the harmonic current.
  • the inverter 72 converts the direct current of the smoothing capacitor 3 into alternating current and drives the motor 42 serving as a load.
  • the inverter 72 includes switching elements 40a to 40f and diodes 41a to 41f connected in antiparallel with the switching elements.
  • the anti-resistance resistors 8a and 8b on the AC side, the rate of change dv / dt of the voltage between the collector and emitter of the switching elements 5a to 5f when the breaker 2 is turned on is reduced, and switching is performed.
  • the breakdown voltage of the element is improved. Therefore, destruction of a switching element is suppressed and a highly reliable power converter and power conversion system can be provided.
  • FIG. 10 is an overall configuration diagram in which the harmonic current compensator according to the first to third embodiments of the present invention is applied to an air conditioner.
  • FIG. 11 is a side view of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner.
  • FIG. 12 is a front view of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner.
  • an inverter 15 and a compressor 61 driven by the inverter 15 are connected. From this compressor 61, a condenser 62, an expansion device 63, and an evaporator 64 are connected in this order by refrigerant piping to constitute a refrigeration cycle.
  • the air conditioner according to the present embodiment includes the harmonic current compensator according to the first to third embodiments as a constituent element.
  • the gas refrigerant compressed to high temperature and high pressure by the compressor 61 in the refrigeration cycle undergoes heat exchange in the condenser 62, dissipates heat and condenses.
  • the condensed refrigerant is depressurized and expanded by the expansion device 63, heat exchange is performed by the evaporator 64, and the heat is absorbed and vaporized.
  • the vaporized gas refrigerant is compressed again by the compressor 61.
  • the 11 is composed of a fan guard 51, a propeller fan 53, a fan motor 54, an electric component box 55, a compressor 56, an accumulator 57, and a heat exchanger 58.
  • the compressor 56 sucks and compresses the refrigerant, and discharges the compressed refrigerant.
  • Various compressors such as a scroll compressor can be adopted as the compressor 56.
  • the heat exchanger 58 is an air heat exchanger for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and outdoor air, and a cross fin type fin-and-tube heat exchanger or the like can be adopted.
  • the propeller fan 53 blows outdoor air to the heat exchanger 58.
  • FIG. 12 shows a front view of FIG.
  • the electrical component box 55 is disposed on the front side, and the active filters 60 of the first to fourth embodiments are disposed beside the electrical box 55.
  • the anti-resistance resistors 8a and 8b on the AC side, the rate of change dv / dt of the voltage between the collector and emitter of the switching elements 5a to 5f when the breaker 2 is turned on is reduced, and switching is performed.
  • the breakdown voltage of the element is improved. Therefore, destruction of a switching element is suppressed and a highly reliable air conditioner and air conditioning system can be provided.
  • harmonic compensator In the harmonic compensator according to the first to third embodiments and the power converter according to the fourth embodiment, power is obtained by using a wide gap semiconductor such as SiC (silicon carbide), GaN (gallium nitride), or diamond for the switching element or the diode. Loss is reduced, and the harmonic current compensator can be miniaturized and mounted inside the outdoor unit as shown in FIG.
  • a wide gap semiconductor such as SiC (silicon carbide), GaN (gallium nitride), or diamond for the switching element or the diode. Loss is reduced, and the harmonic current compensator can be miniaturized and mounted inside the outdoor unit as shown in FIG.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

L'objet de la présente invention consiste à fournir un dispositif de conversion de puissance, un dispositif de compensation de courant haute fréquence et un conditionneur d'air, qui peuvent permettre de réduire les dommages à un élément de commutation et d'améliorer la fiabilité. Par conséquent, ledit dispositif de conversion de puissance, qui est connecté à une alimentation en c.a. et convertit la puissance, est équipé : d'une unité de conversion de puissance conçue par la connexion en parallèle de multiples bras, d'éléments de commutation supérieurs et d'éléments de commutation inférieurs étant connectés en série ; de condensateurs de lissage connectés aux extrémités des bras ; et de résistances de prévention de courant d'appel qui sont prévues dans l'intervalle connectant l'alimentation en c.a. et les points médians entre les éléments de commutation supérieurs et les éléments de commutation inférieurs, et qui empêchent un courant d'appel.
PCT/JP2015/065969 2015-06-03 2015-06-03 Dispositif de conversion de puissance, dispositif de compensation de courant haute fréquence, conditionneur d'air WO2016194153A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

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JP2017521406A JP6608441B2 (ja) 2015-06-03 2015-06-03 電力変換装置、高調波電流補償装置および空気調和機
PCT/JP2015/065969 WO2016194153A1 (fr) 2015-06-03 2015-06-03 Dispositif de conversion de puissance, dispositif de compensation de courant haute fréquence, conditionneur d'air

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PCT/JP2015/065969 WO2016194153A1 (fr) 2015-06-03 2015-06-03 Dispositif de conversion de puissance, dispositif de compensation de courant haute fréquence, conditionneur d'air

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112260560A (zh) * 2019-07-05 2021-01-22 松下知识产权经营株式会社 电力变换装置
US11162705B2 (en) 2019-08-29 2021-11-02 Hitachi-Johnson Controls Air Conditioning, Inc Refrigeration cycle control

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH089647A (ja) * 1994-06-17 1996-01-12 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 電力変換装置、交直変換装置および周波数変換装置
JP2012143094A (ja) * 2011-01-04 2012-07-26 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 高調波電流補償装置
JP2013121278A (ja) * 2011-12-08 2013-06-17 Aida Engineering Ltd プレス機械の電源装置

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH089647A (ja) * 1994-06-17 1996-01-12 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 電力変換装置、交直変換装置および周波数変換装置
JP2012143094A (ja) * 2011-01-04 2012-07-26 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 高調波電流補償装置
JP2013121278A (ja) * 2011-12-08 2013-06-17 Aida Engineering Ltd プレス機械の電源装置

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112260560A (zh) * 2019-07-05 2021-01-22 松下知识产权经营株式会社 电力变换装置
CN112260560B (zh) * 2019-07-05 2023-12-19 松下知识产权经营株式会社 电力变换装置
US11162705B2 (en) 2019-08-29 2021-11-02 Hitachi-Johnson Controls Air Conditioning, Inc Refrigeration cycle control

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JP6608441B2 (ja) 2019-11-20

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