WO2016192864A1 - Kolben für einen zylinder einer brennkraftmaschine - Google Patents
Kolben für einen zylinder einer brennkraftmaschine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016192864A1 WO2016192864A1 PCT/EP2016/054427 EP2016054427W WO2016192864A1 WO 2016192864 A1 WO2016192864 A1 WO 2016192864A1 EP 2016054427 W EP2016054427 W EP 2016054427W WO 2016192864 A1 WO2016192864 A1 WO 2016192864A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- protective coating
- circumferential groove
- piston body
- μιτι
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J9/00—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
- F16J9/26—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction characterised by the use of particular materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/48—Coating with alloys
- C23C18/50—Coating with alloys with alloys based on iron, cobalt or nickel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J1/00—Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers
- F16J1/10—Connection to driving members
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/1601—Process or apparatus
- C23C18/1603—Process or apparatus coating on selected surface areas
- C23C18/1605—Process or apparatus coating on selected surface areas by masking
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/10—Pistons having surface coverings
Definitions
- the invention relates to a piston for a cylinder of an internal combustion engine and an internal combustion engine with such a piston. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing such a piston.
- Pistons used in the cylinders of an internal combustion engine are exposed to considerable mechanical and thermal stresses during operation of the internal combustion engine. This is especially true for pistons of a piston material with low weight such as aluminum, as it is used for weight reasons in piston bodies of modern internal combustion engines.
- those areas of the piston surface on which are mounted in a known manner sealing rings for sealing the combustion chamber against the environment of the cylinder are subject to considerable thermal and mechanical loads. These are caused by strong temperature variations in the combustion chamber and by strong relative movements of the sealing rings relative to the piston formed on the circumferential grooves in the piston groove during operation of the internal combustion engine. These effects can lead to significant damage to the surface of the piston during long-term operation of the internal combustion engine.
- the basic idea of the invention is accordingly to provide the surface of the piston with a protective coating, at least in the region of a circumferential groove provided on the circumferential side of the piston, which serves to receive a sealing ring, the layer material of which additionally contains tungsten in addition to nickel phosphorus.
- a protective coating at least in the region of a circumferential groove provided on the circumferential side of the piston, which serves to receive a sealing ring, the layer material of which additionally contains tungsten in addition to nickel phosphorus.
- the addition of tungsten to the sheet material can significantly increase its hardness over conventional nickel-phosphorus based protective coatings without tungsten. This leads to an improved wear resistance of the piston during long-term operation in an internal combustion engine.
- An inventive piston for a cylinder of an internal combustion engine comprises a piston body. On the peripheral side of the piston body, at least one circumferential groove is formed for receiving a piston ring. According to the invention, a protective coating is present in the region of the at least one circumferential groove on the peripheral side of the piston body, the coating material of which comprises nickel-phosphorus and tungsten.
- the protective coating extends over the entire surface of the circumferential groove. In this way it can be ensured that the entire region of the circumferential groove, which in operation in an internal combustion engine mechanically comes into contact with a sealing ring moving relative to the piston, has an increased resistance to mechanical wear.
- An increased sealing effect with the aid of sealing rings can be achieved if at least two circumferentially spaced circumferential grooves, each for receiving a sealing ring, are arranged on the circumferential side of the piston body.
- these at least two circumferential grooves has at least one circumferential groove a protective coating described above, which also has tungsten in addition to nickel-phosphorus.
- all circumferential grooves present on the piston have the protective coating essential to the invention. In this way, the desired improved sealing resistance in the region of all circumferential grooves can be ensured.
- a particularly high wear resistance of the piston surface of the piston body beyond the particularly critical region of the circumferential grooves can be achieved if the protective coating extends in a longitudinal section along an axial direction of the piston body on both sides beyond the edge of the at least one circumferential groove.
- the Schichtmatenal between 1 wt .-% and 12 wt .-% tungsten on. In this way, the increase in hardness of the protective coating needed to achieve the improved wear resistance over conventional coatings without tungsten can be ensured.
- a high resistance to operational wear can also be achieved by the protective coating is provided according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention with a hardness between 500 HV and 600 HV.
- a particularly high resistance to wear can be achieved by means of the protective coating, if the layer material has a hardness between 600 HV and 1000 HV.
- Said hardness values are preferably achieved by means of a heat treatment of the piston body, in which the protective coating is heated to a temperature between 130 ° C and 220 ° C for a predetermined period of time for the purpose of curing.
- a particularly good sealing effect by means of a sealing ring arranged in the circumferential groove can be achieved if the surface roughness R a of the protective coating has a value between 0.1 ⁇ m and 0.4 ⁇ m.
- the protective coating has a layer thickness between 3 ⁇ and 18 ⁇ , preferably between 8 ⁇ and 15 ⁇ .
- the piston material of the piston body may be made of aluminum.
- the piston material in addition to aluminum further components, in particular to form an aluminum alloy having. This allows, in conjunction with the protective coating essential to the invention, the realization of a piston with a particularly low weight, without resulting in a reduction of the wear resistance of the piston.
- the piston body has, in the region of the at least one circumferential groove, a material structure changed by means of laser deposition welding.
- the material structure of the at least one circumferential groove can be processed by applying laser deposition welding before the protective coating is applied.
- laser cladding metal powder is introduced layer by layer into that surface region of the piston body in which at least one circumferential groove is to be produced, and melted by irradiation by means of laser radiation.
- the material hardness is increased in the groove bottom of the still to be generated circumferential groove.
- the at least one circumferential groove is thus generated in the subsequent laser deposition welding.
- electroless protective coating can be applied.
- an undesirable deflection of the circumferential groove can be avoided.
- the modified material structure comprises a metal melted by laser deposition welding and containing a metal. tendes powder.
- the conversion of the material structure thus takes place in this variant by providing and melting a powder in the piston body.
- this powder may contain aluminum and / or silicon and / or copper.
- the originally existing in the groove bottom aluminum of the piston body can be replaced. The more aluminum is replaced, the stronger the gain in additional material hardness.
- the powder comprises AM 2Si and additionally contains 30 vol. % to vol. 60% pure silicon.
- AI12Si, Al12Si with silicon carbide, Al12Si with a nickel content of 20-30 vol% and AI12Si with a content of 30 vol. % to 60 vol.% Silicon has particularly good hardness properties.
- the material structure treated by means of laser deposition welding starting from the surface of the circumferential groove, has a material depth between 1 mm and 10 mm. Laser deposition welding can be used particularly effectively in this depth range.
- the hardness achieved by remelting of the material structure particularly preferably has a value between 130 HV0.1 to 260 HV0.1.
- the invention further relates to an internal combustion engine with at least one cylinder a combustion chamber partially limiting.
- a peripheral side of the combustion chamber with a cylindrical geometry is additionally delimited by a hollow cylindrical cylinder liner.
- a previously presented piston is arranged, which is linearly adjustable in the combustion chamber along its axial direction.
- a sealing ring is arranged in the at least one circumferential groove formed on the piston body of the piston. Said sealing ring is supported radially inward on the protective coating of the piston body and radially outside on the inside of the cylinder liner.
- the piston limits the combustion chamber in the axial direction.
- the piston has at least two, preferably three, in the axial direction in spaced-apart circumferential grooves.
- the protection coating essential to the invention is provided at least in the axially adjacent to the combustion chamber, ie adjacent circumferential groove. In this way, a particularly high wear resistance can be achieved.
- the invention further relates to a method for producing a piston, in particular of the previously presented piston.
- a first method step a) on a peripheral side of a piston body at least one circumferential groove is introduced into the piston body, which is designed to receive a piston ring.
- a protective coating on the peripheral side is applied at least in the region of the at least one circumferential groove, the layer material of which comprises nickel-phosphorus and tungsten.
- a further method step bO) is carried out prior to method step b), according to which a metal-containing powder is introduced by means of laser deposition welding at least into that surface region of the circumferential side of the piston body, in which subsequently the circumferential grooves are produced.
- Laser deposition welding is also known to the person skilled in the art by the term "laser cladding".
- the metal-containing powder preferably in layers, is applied to the piston body and melted by irradiation with the aid of a laser.
- the material hardness in that region of the piston body in which the at least one circumferential groove is subsequently produced is significantly increased compared with the regions of the piston body which are complementary thereto.
- the protective coating essential to the invention is applied to the at least one peripheral groove. In this way, an undesired deflection of the circumferential groove can be prevented.
- the powder may contain aluminum and / or silicon and / or copper.
- the aluminum originally present in the groove base can be replaced. The more aluminum is replaced, the stronger the gain in additional material hardness.
- the powder comprises Al12Si and additionally contains 30 vol. % to vol. 60% pure silicon.
- AI12Si, Al12Si with silicon carbide, Al12Si with a nickel content of 20-30 vol% and AI12Si with a content of 30 vol. % to 60 vol.% Silicon has particularly good hardness properties.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of a piston 1 according to the invention in a partial view
- Fig. 2 is a detailed view of the piston of Figure 1 in the region of an am
- Piston body of the piston formed circumferential groove
- Fig. 3 shows the piston of Figure 1 in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of a piston 1 according to the invention in a partial representation.
- This comprises a piston body 2 with a substantially cylindrical geometry, on whose peripheral side 3 at a distance from each other three personnelsnu- 4a, 4b, 4c, each for receiving a piston ring (not shown in Figure 1) are formed.
- the piston material of the piston body 2 comprises aluminum or consists of aluminum.
- a metal-containing powder can be introduced at least into that surface region of the peripheral side 3 of the piston body 2, in which subsequently the circumferential grooves 4a, 4b, 4c be witnesses.
- the metallic powder preferably in layers, is applied to the piston body 2 and is melted by irradiation with laser radiation, that is to say using a laser light source.
- the material hardness in that region of the piston body 2 in which the three circumferential grooves 4a, 4b, 4c are subsequently milled, or rotated, is significantly increased in relation to the regions of the piston body 2 complementary thereto. Only then is the protective coating with tungsten and nickel-phosphorus applied as layer material on the circumferential grooves 4a, 4b, 4c. In this way, an undesired deflection of the circumferential grooves 4a, 4b, 4c can be prevented.
- the powder used in laser deposition welding may preferably contain aluminum and / or silicon and / or copper. Depending on which material is used in the powder for laser cladding, the aluminum originally present in the groove base can be replaced.
- the powder comprises AM 2Si and additionally contains 30 vol. % to vol. 60% pure silicon.
- AI12Si, Al12Si with silicon carbide, Al12Si with a nickel content of 20-30 vol% and AI12Si with a content of 30 vol. % to 60 vol.% Silicon has particularly good hardness properties.
- FIG. 1 shows the cylindrical piston body 2 of the piston 1 in one
- the layer material nickel-phosphorus and tungsten includes.
- the layer material preferably contains between 1 wt.% And 12 wt.% Tungsten.
- the protective coating 5 can be applied, for example, by immersing the piston body 2 in an aqueous solution of nickel-phosphorus and tungsten on the circumferential side 3 of the piston body 2, areas outside the circumferential grooves 4a, 4b, 4c which are not provided with the protective coating 5 be masked by masking or masking or otherwise.
- a protective coating 5 with a layer thickness between 3 ⁇ and 18 ⁇ , preferably between 8 ⁇ and 15 ⁇ , on the peripheral side 3 of the piston body 2 apply , After removal of the piston body 2 from the aqueous solution said masking - if any - can be removed again from the piston body 2.
- the protective coating 5 according to the invention can be applied particularly uniformly to the piston body 2 with the aid of the above-described immersion in an aqueous solution of nickel-phosphorus and tungsten, the protective coating 5 has a surface roughness R a which is reduced compared to conventional protective coatings without addition of tungsten 0.1 ⁇ and 0.4 ⁇ on.
- the protective coating 5 has a hardness of between 500 HV and 600 HV, the value of which is significantly higher than that of conventional protective coatings without tungsten.
- a particularly high hardness of the protective coating 5 between 600 HV and 1000 HV can be achieved if the protective coating 5 is subjected to a heat treatment after application to the piston body 2, wherein the protective coating 5 for the purpose of curing to a temperature between 130 ° C and 220 ° C is heated.
- FIG. 2 shows the piston body 2 of FIG. 1 in an enlarged view in the area of the circumferential groove 4a.
- the protective coating 5 extends over the entire surface 6 of the circumferential groove 4a.
- the two circumferential grooves 4b, 4c of FIG. 1, not shown in FIG. 2 can also be formed.
- all circumferential grooves 4a, 4b, 4c present on the piston body 2 are equipped with the protective coating 5 essential to the invention.
- the existing circumferential grooves 4a, 4b, 4c are provided with the protective coating 5 of nickel-phosphorus and tungsten.
- the circumferential groove 4 a which has the smallest distance to all of the existing circumferential grooves 4 a, 4 b, 4 c to the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine axially bounded by the piston 1, preferably equipped with the protective coating 5, since this circumferential groove in the operation of the internal combustion engine among all existing Circumferential grooves 4a, 4b, 4c is exposed to the highest mechanical and thermal loads.
- the protective coating 5 can extend in the longitudinal section along the axial direction A of the piston body 2 on both sides beyond the edge 7 of the circumferential groove 4a to form an arranged outside the circumferential groove 4a edge portion 8.
- FIG. 3 shows the use of the previously explained piston 1 in an internal combustion engine 10, which is shown only schematically and greatly simplified in FIG.
- the internal combustion engine 10 comprises a cylinder 1 1, which partially defines a substantially cylindrical combustion chamber 12.
- the peripheral side of the combustion chamber 12 is reinforced and limited in a known manner by a hollow cylindrical cylinder liner 13.
- the piston 1 explained above with reference to FIG. 1 is arranged to be linearly adjustable along the axial direction A in the combustion chamber 12. Said axial adjustability of the piston 1 is indicated in Figure 3 by a designated double arrow.
- each of the three circumferential grooves 4a, 4b, 4c which are arranged in the axial direction A at a distance from one another and in each case have an invented have essential protective coating 5, a respective sealing ring 9a, 9b, 9c arranged.
- Each of the three sealing rings 9a, 9b, 9c is supported radially inwardly on the protective coating 5 of the piston body 2 and radially on the outside on an inner side 14 of the cylinder liner 13.
- the sealing rings 9a, 9b, 9c seal the combustion chamber 12 to the outside, against the external environment of the cylinder 11.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE112016002411.8T DE112016002411A5 (de) | 2015-05-29 | 2016-03-02 | Kolben für einen Zylinder einer Brennkraftmaschine |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102015209887.7 | 2015-05-29 | ||
| DE102015209887.7A DE102015209887A1 (de) | 2015-05-29 | 2015-05-29 | Kolben für einen Zylinder einer Brennkraftmaschine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2016192864A1 true WO2016192864A1 (de) | 2016-12-08 |
Family
ID=55587239
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2016/054427 Ceased WO2016192864A1 (de) | 2015-05-29 | 2016-03-02 | Kolben für einen zylinder einer brennkraftmaschine |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (2) | DE102015209887A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2016192864A1 (de) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05141533A (ja) * | 1991-11-20 | 1993-06-08 | Nippon Mekki Kogyo Kk | 内燃機関用ピストン |
| JPH1172042A (ja) | 1997-08-29 | 1999-03-16 | Unisia Jecs Corp | 内燃機関のピストン |
| JP2000202612A (ja) * | 1999-01-14 | 2000-07-25 | Riken Corp | アルミニウム合金製ピストン |
| JP5254959B2 (ja) * | 2006-05-17 | 2013-08-07 | エムエーエヌ・ディーゼル・アンド・ターボ・フィリアル・アフ・エムエーエヌ・ディーゼル・アンド・ターボ・エスイー・ティスクランド | 摩耗防止装置および摩耗防止装置製造方法 |
| JP2013204084A (ja) * | 2012-03-28 | 2013-10-07 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 内燃機関 |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2575214A (en) * | 1948-09-30 | 1951-11-13 | Wright Aeronautical Corp | Piston with plated piston ring grooves |
| JPS60197880A (ja) * | 1984-03-19 | 1985-10-07 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | 複合メッキ被膜 |
| JPH0643570Y2 (ja) * | 1987-04-17 | 1994-11-14 | 日本ピストンリング株式会社 | ピストンリング |
| JPH04106556U (ja) * | 1991-02-28 | 1992-09-14 | 株式会社アツギユニシア | アルミニウム合金製ピストン |
| FR2795095B1 (fr) * | 1999-06-16 | 2002-04-12 | Renault | Piece mecanique de friction recouverte d'oxydes triboactifs presentant un defaut de cations metalliques |
| DE102010035661A1 (de) * | 2010-08-27 | 2012-03-01 | Ipt International Plating Technologies Gmbh | Elektrolytisches Bad für die galvanische Abscheidung und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
-
2015
- 2015-05-29 DE DE102015209887.7A patent/DE102015209887A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2016
- 2016-03-02 DE DE112016002411.8T patent/DE112016002411A5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2016-03-02 WO PCT/EP2016/054427 patent/WO2016192864A1/de not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH05141533A (ja) * | 1991-11-20 | 1993-06-08 | Nippon Mekki Kogyo Kk | 内燃機関用ピストン |
| JPH1172042A (ja) | 1997-08-29 | 1999-03-16 | Unisia Jecs Corp | 内燃機関のピストン |
| JP2000202612A (ja) * | 1999-01-14 | 2000-07-25 | Riken Corp | アルミニウム合金製ピストン |
| JP5254959B2 (ja) * | 2006-05-17 | 2013-08-07 | エムエーエヌ・ディーゼル・アンド・ターボ・フィリアル・アフ・エムエーエヌ・ディーゼル・アンド・ターボ・エスイー・ティスクランド | 摩耗防止装置および摩耗防止装置製造方法 |
| JP2013204084A (ja) * | 2012-03-28 | 2013-10-07 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 内燃機関 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102015209887A1 (de) | 2016-12-01 |
| DE112016002411A5 (de) | 2018-03-15 |
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