WO2016192665A1 - 一种移栽机钵苗喂苗系统 - Google Patents

一种移栽机钵苗喂苗系统 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2016192665A1
WO2016192665A1 PCT/CN2016/084681 CN2016084681W WO2016192665A1 WO 2016192665 A1 WO2016192665 A1 WO 2016192665A1 CN 2016084681 W CN2016084681 W CN 2016084681W WO 2016192665 A1 WO2016192665 A1 WO 2016192665A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
seedling
seedlings
feeding
rod
transplanting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2016/084681
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
董立立
罗经
刘志高
徐占东
周跃鹏
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Jiangsu University
Original Assignee
Jiangsu University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jiangsu University filed Critical Jiangsu University
Priority to US15/573,891 priority Critical patent/US10327379B2/en
Publication of WO2016192665A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016192665A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C11/00—Transplanting machines
    • A01C11/02—Transplanting machines for seedlings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an efficient transplanting machine seedling feeding system, which is applied to a seedling transplanting machine and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.
  • the main advantages of seedling transplanting compared with the traditional live broadcast method are: shortening the vegetable growth cycle, facilitating the mouthwash arrangement, improving the land utilization rate, and increasing the economic income; after the transplanting of the seedlings, the root system is developed and the flowering is mature and consistent, which can be followed.
  • Facilitating conditions such as management and harvesting. Therefore, plug seedlings and seedling transplanting are increasingly favored by vegetable and flower producers.
  • due to the lack of suitable supporting machinery it has been a labor-intensive industry for a long time, and labor costs account for 50% of the total production cost. the above.
  • the labor intensity of artificial transplanting is large, the operation efficiency is low, the transplanting quality is poor, and it is difficult to realize large-area transplanting, which leads to small scale of production and low production efficiency, which restricts the development of related planting industry in China, so the transplanting operation of seedlings is realized.
  • the mechanization has become an urgent problem to be solved.
  • mechanized transplanting can reduce production costs, improve work efficiency and transplant quality.
  • the feeding system and the planting system are the two key systems of the seedling transplanting machine.
  • the function of the feeding system is to feed the seedlings into the planter.
  • the feeding system of the existing semi-automatic transplanting machine mostly adopts the rotary cup structure, and only one seedling can be fed at a time, and the operation can not be interrupted, and the labor intensity is relatively high. Large, and people are prone to fatigue, resulting in slower transplanting (usually about 40 per minute).
  • the automatic transplanting machine has an automatic feeding system, which does not require manual feeding, and the transplanting speed is fast, but its mechanism system is relatively complicated and the cost is high, and it is not suitable for small and medium-sized users.
  • the invention patent for automatic feeding mechanism for seedling transplanting discloses an automatic feeding mechanism for transplanting seedlings, which comprises a shifting mechanism, a bracket and a sliding rod
  • the connecting rod mechanism and the clamping mechanism are arranged on the shifting mechanism to realize the positional conversion between the picking and the feeding action, and one end of the sliding rod is inserted into the sliding sleeve movable in the sliding slot of the bracket.
  • the other end is connected with the seedling mechanism, and the shifting mechanism realizes the conversion between the seedling and the seedling process position by the shifting mechanism, and controls the rotation of the slide bar and the seedling mechanism through the link mechanism, and realizes the closing of the seedling clip and
  • the structure of the device is relatively complicated, the production cost is high, and the clamping mechanism of the device does not accurately locate the position of the seedling during the process of clamping the seedling, which easily leads to leakage of seedlings.
  • the invention patent of the mechanical seedling transplanting machine (application No. 2011101335051) discloses a mechanical seedling transplanting machine for feeding seedlings in the seedling cup of the mechanical seedling system, which can be used for seedlings in the seedling tray.
  • the feeding mechanism is automatically controlled by the transplanting electrical control system to improve the speed and efficiency of the transplanting operation and reduce the production cost, but the feeding mechanism is complicated in design and has many components. Chain continuous drive, will be When the seedlings were fed twice, the discontinuity occurred, which caused the seedlings to fall into the cup when the seedlings fell into the cup.
  • the invention aims at the deficiencies and defects of the prior transplanting machine feeding system technology, and adopts the intermittent movement conveying unit and the seedling unit to provide a simple and quick operation, and can put a plurality of seedlings at one time, which can reduce the labor of the workers. Strength and tension, to achieve time-saving and labor-saving, while improving the efficiency and quality of mechanical feeding, transplanting seedlings feeding system.
  • An efficient transplanter seedling feeding system comprising a transfer unit for placing and transporting seedlings, a controller for driving the motor to run, a side panel for facilitating seedling placement and transport, for
  • the feeding system is fixed to the bracket of the transplanting machine;
  • the conveying unit of the system comprises a stepping motor, a transmission shaft, a conveyor belt, a tensioning shaft and a bearing, the stepping motor is coupled with the transmission shaft, and the tensioning shaft and the transmission shaft are
  • the conveyor belt is in a tension state, and the conveying unit drives the transmission shaft and the belt movement by the stepping motor to realize the seedling transportation;
  • the system further comprises: a seedling unit for the seedling and the righting seedling feeding posture, and the The detection sensor for detecting whether the seedling reaches the seedling position;
  • the seedling unit comprises a seedling rod, a support, a return spring, an adjustment plate, a guide column, a brake line and a casing, and the seedling rod and the guide column are respectively adjusted
  • the transplanting machine seedling feeding system is characterized in that: the detecting sensor for detecting whether the seedling is in place is fixedly mounted on the side plate of the seedling pre-feeding position, and is sent to the controller
  • the command causes the stepping motor to run and stop; when the sensor does not detect the seedling, the command is issued to make the stepping motor run to transport the seedling to the seedling rod of the pre-feeding position to wait for feeding; when the sensor detects the arrival of the seedling When the pre-feeding position next to the seedling rod is used, or when the seedling position is in the pre-feeding position, the stepping motor is stopped to prevent the operation of the conveyor belt from damaging the seedling.
  • the transplanting machine seedling feeding system is characterized in that: the conveying unit can be put into a plurality of seedlings at a time by an operator to alleviate excessive fatigue caused by frequent repeated actions; the stepping motor of the conveying unit Can be replaced by servo motor or CNC hydraulic motor.
  • the transplanting machine seedling feeding system is characterized in that: the seedling unit is installed on the lower end side plate of the conveying unit, and the gate line is controlled by the planter, when the seedling barrel of the planter moves When the seedling position is below the seedling rod, the planter controls the seedling rod to be ejected through the gate line, and simultaneously drives the stepping motor to drive the seedling to move forward by driving the conveyor belt; the passing rod and the sleeve are opposite to the seedling rod
  • the mechanical control of the feeding action can be replaced by electrical control.
  • the transplanting machine seedling feeding system the control of the splitting rod movement is directly controlled by the planter, as the invention refers to the passage of the plant through the gate line and the casing, or according to the movement of the planter through coordinated matching calculation Indirect control
  • the control signal of the controller of the stepping motor is accepted from both the detecting sensor and the part from the seedling unit, ie, the planter, to avoid nervous tension caused by the leakage of the seedling when the operator directly feeds the seedling;
  • the transfer unit can facilitate the operator to put a plurality of seedlings at a time to avoid excessive fatigue caused by frequent repeated movements during manual direct feeding.
  • the brake line control structure of the seedling unit of the transplanting machine seedling feeding system is characterized in that: the brake line is located in the middle of the guiding column and the seedling rod, the guiding column and the seedling rod and the guiding hole on the support The cooperation is a sliding guide fit, the gap can not be too large or too small, the splitting rod can be freely moved axially in the guiding hole to ensure the free ejection and resetting of the seedling rod; the seedling unit is installed in the lower of the conveying unit At one end, the brake line is controlled by the planter.
  • the planter controls the seedling rod to be ejected through the gate line, and at the same time, the stepping motor is operated, and the driving belt is driven.
  • the seedlings move forward, and when the seedlings move to the end of the conveyor belt, they are fed by the planter to the seedling cup under the action of gravity.
  • the seedlings popped out at the moment of falling of the seedlings will also support the feeding posture of the seedlings to facilitate the feeding action. Realize and improve the quality of seedling transplanting.
  • the transplanting machine seedling feeding system provided by the invention is characterized in that: the seedling rod is controlled by the planter through the gate line and the casing, or is controlled according to the movement of the planter by coordinated matching; the transplanting machine seedling feeding
  • the seedling feeding of the seedling system is controlled by the stepping motor through the detecting sensor, and is also controlled by the seedling rod to avoid the nerve tension caused by the leakage of the seedling when the operator directly feeds the seedling.
  • the seedling feeding system of the transplanting machine provided by the invention is characterized in that: the seedling feeding system of the seedling can be used in two, three or more groups for the transplanting machine, and at the same time, multiple rows of seedlings are realized. Transplanting.
  • the seedling feeding mechanism of the transplanting machine is characterized in that: the seedling feeding system provided by the invention.
  • the invention has the following advantages: simple structure, easy implementation, and low cost; multiple seedlings can be placed at one time, avoiding frequent repeated movements of the operator when directly feeding the seedlings and nervous tension caused by leaking seedlings Excessive fatigue; convenient operation, saving manpower, reducing labor intensity; improving transplanting efficiency and transplanting quality, and providing a basis for automated mechanical transplanting.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a seedling feeding system for a transplanter of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a conveying unit of the seedling feeding system of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a seedling unit of the seedling feeding system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a transplanting machine seedling feeding system provided by the present invention, the system comprising a conveying unit 3 for placing and transporting seedlings, a side plate 6 for facilitating seedling placement and transportation, and The feeding system is installed with the bracket 4 fixed to the transplanting machine; the seedlinging unit 1 for feeding the seedlings and the righting seedlings, and the detecting sensor 2 for detecting whether the seedlings reach the seedling position; Driving the controller 5 of the stepping motor, the controller 5 receives both the signal from the detecting sensor 2 and the signal from the seedling unit 1, ie, the planter part, to avoid the operator being afraid of leaking seedlings when directly feeding the seedling Nervousness.
  • the conveying unit 3 includes a stepping motor 3-5, a transmission shaft 3-4, a conveyor belt 3-1, a tensioning shaft 3-3, and a bearing 3-2.
  • the stepping motor 3-5 is coupled to the transmission shaft, the transmission belt 3-1 is mounted on the transmission shaft 3-4 and the tensioning shaft 3-3, and both ends of the transmission shaft 3-4 and the tensioning shaft 3-3 pass through the bearing 3- 2
  • Installed on the side plates 6 on both sides, the stepping motor 3-5 can drive the seedling movement through the transmission shaft 3-4 and the transmission belt 3-1, and the stepping motor 3-5 can be replaced by a servo motor or a numerical control hydraulic motor.
  • the conveying unit 3 has a simple structure and is convenient for the operator to put a plurality of seedlings at a time to alleviate excessive fatigue caused by frequent repeated movements.
  • FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a seedling unit 1 of the seedling feeding system of the present invention, and the seedling unit 1 includes a seedling rod 1-1, a support 1-2, a return spring 1-3, an adjustment plate 1-4, and a guide column.
  • 1-5, the brake line 1-6 and the sleeve 1-7, the splitter rod 1-1 and the guide post 1-5 are respectively fixed to the adjustment plate 1-4 by bolts or welding, and both pass through the support 1-
  • the guiding hole on the second hole and the guiding hole are axially slidingly matched.
  • the whole seedling unit 1 is fixed to the side plate 6 through the supporting base 1-2, and the fixing of the supporting base 1-2 and the side plate 6 is bolted. Joint or weld.
  • the gate line 1-6 of the seedling unit 1 is located in the middle of the guiding column 1-5 and the seedling rod 1-1 to facilitate the realization of the seedling action; the seedling action of the seedling rod 1-1 Controlled by the planter through the gate line 1-6 and the casing 1-7, or according to the movement of the planter through coordinated matching calculation control, when the seedling rod 1-1 pops out the seedlings, it will also correct the feeding of the seedling barrel of the planter.
  • the seedling posture of the seedlings improves the quality of seedling transplanting.
  • the mechanical control of the seedling rod 1-1 feeding action through the brake line 1-6 and the sleeve 1-7 can be replaced by electrical control.
  • the feeding process of the seedling feeding system of the transplanting machine of the invention is carried out as follows:
  • the operator puts a plurality of seedlings into the belt 3-1 of the conveying unit 3 at a time, and the detecting sensor 2 sends the detection information to the controller 5, thereby driving the motor 3-5 through the transmission shaft 3-4.
  • the belt 3-1 moves the seedling to the pre-feeding position before the seedling rod.
  • the detecting sensor 2 detects the seedling and sends the information to the controller 5, and the controller 5 stops the motor 3-5.
  • the brake line 1-6 is relaxed, and the seedling rod 1-1 is reset by the return spring 1-3 until the planter runs again.
  • the detection sensor 2 sends the information to the controller 5 after detecting the seedling, and stops the motor 3-5, waiting for the next feeding. At this point, the feeding system completes a complete seedling feeding and begins the next cycle.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Transplanting Machines (AREA)

Abstract

一种移栽机钵苗喂苗系统，包括传送单元（3）、检测传感器（2）、控制器（5）、分苗单元（1）、侧板（6）和支架（4）；传送单元（3）包括步进电机（3-5）、传动轴（3-4）、传送带（3-1）、张紧轴（3-3）以及轴承（3-2），分苗单元（1）包括分苗杆（1-1）、复位弹簧（1-3）、导向柱（1-5）以及支座（1-2），控制器（5）用于控制步进电机（3-5）驱动传送带（3-1）并带动钵苗运动；当栽植器接苗桶上升至接苗位置时，栽植器通过闸线（1-6）控制分苗杆（1-1）弹出并驱动步进电机（3-5）带动钵苗向前运动，钵苗落入栽植器接苗桶，分苗杆（1-1）在钵苗下落瞬间将钵苗喂入姿态扶正，以提高钵苗栽植质量。采用间歇运动传送单元（3）和分苗单元（1）的机械喂苗系统，可一次放入多棵钵苗，操作简便快捷，节约人力降低成本，消除操作者怕漏苗造成的神经紧张和频繁重复动作的过度疲劳，提高栽植效率和质量。

Description

一种移栽机钵苗喂苗系统 技术领域
本发明涉及一种高效的移栽机钵苗喂送系统，该系统应用于钵苗移栽机，属于农业机械技术领域。
背景技术
钵苗移栽与传统直播方式相比的主要优点是：能缩短蔬菜生长周期，有利茬口安排，提高土地利用率，增加经济收入；钵苗移栽后根系发达、开花成熟一致，可为后续的管理、收获等环节提供便利条件。因此，穴盘育苗、钵苗移栽越来越受到蔬菜、花卉生产者的青睐，但由于没有合适的配套机械，长期以来一直是一项劳动密集型产业，劳动力成本占总生产成本的50％以上。人工移栽的劳动强度大，作业效率低，移栽质量差，难以实现大面积移栽，从而导致生产规模小，生产效益低下，制约了我国相关种植业的发展，所以实现钵苗移栽作业的机械化已成为目前迫切需要解决的问题。此外，机械化移栽能降低生产成本，提高作业效率和移栽质量。
喂苗系统和栽植系统是钵苗移栽机的两大关键系统。喂苗系统的作用就是把钵苗送入栽植器中，现有半自动移栽机的喂苗系统大都采用旋转托杯结构，一次只能喂入一棵钵苗，且不能间断操作，劳动强度较大，且人容易疲劳，致使移栽速度较慢(通常为每分钟40株左右)。全自动移栽机拥有一套自动喂苗系统，不需要人工喂苗，移栽速度快，但其机构系统比较复杂，成本很高，不适用于中小规模用户。用于穴盘苗移栽的自动取喂苗机构(申请号为201210317407.8)的发明专利公开了一种用于穴盘苗移栽的自动取喂苗机构，其包括移位机构、支架、滑杆、连杆机构和夹苗机构，支架设置于移位机构上，实现支架在取苗和喂苗动作之间的位置转换，滑杆一端插装于可在支架上滑槽内移动的滑套内，另一端与夹苗机构连接，通过移位机构实现夹苗机构在取苗和喂苗工序位置之间的转换，通过连杆机构控制滑杆和夹苗机构转动，并实现苗夹的闭合和张开，该装置结构较复杂，生产成本较高，且其夹苗机构在夹苗过程中并不能精确定位钵苗位置，容易导致漏苗。机械喂苗移栽机的发明专利(申请号为2011101335051)公开了一种替代人工向机械投苗系统投苗杯中喂苗的机械喂苗移栽机，可将穴盘内的苗一次多颗同步移入机械喂苗机构，喂苗机构由移栽机电控系统自动控制，以提高移栽作业速度和效率、降低生产成本，但其喂苗机构设计复杂、部件较多，此外，其采用传动链连续传动，会在 两次喂放钵苗时产生不连续现象，导致钵苗落入托杯时的托杯与钵苗配合时间的错误而造成钵苗漏栽。
发明内容
本发明针对现有移栽机喂苗系统技术的不足和缺陷，采用间歇运动的传送单元和分苗单元，提供了一种操作简便快捷，可一次放入多棵钵苗，能降低工人的劳动强度和紧张感，实现省时省力，同时提高机械喂苗效率和质量的移栽机钵苗喂苗系统。
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种高效的移栽机钵苗喂苗系统，该系统含有用于放入和运送钵苗的传送单元、用于驱动电机运转的控制器、便于钵苗放入和运送的侧板、用于将喂苗系统安装固定于移栽机的支架；所述系统的传送单元包括步进电机、传动轴、传送带、张紧轴以及轴承，步进电机与传动轴联接，张紧轴与传动轴使传送带处于张紧状态，传送单元通过步进电机驱动传动轴与传动带运动实现钵苗运送；其特征在于：所述系统还含有用于分苗和扶正钵苗喂入姿态的分苗单元和用于检测钵苗是否到达分苗位置的检测传感器；所述的分苗单元包括分苗杆、支座、复位弹簧、调节板、导向柱、闸线以及套管，分苗杆和导向柱分别与调节板固接，且都穿过支座上的导向孔，与导向孔的关系是轴向滑动配合，支座通过螺栓或焊接固接于侧板上。
本发明提供的移栽机钵苗喂苗系统，其特征在于：所述系统用于检测钵苗是否到位的检测传感器固接安装于钵苗预喂苗位置的侧板上，并向控制器发送指令使步进电机运转和停止；当传感器未检测到钵苗时，发出指令使步进电机运转将钵苗运送到预喂苗位置的分苗杆旁等待喂苗；当传感器检测到钵苗到达分苗杆旁的预喂苗位置，或预喂苗位置有钵苗时，就发出指令使步进电机停止运转，以免传送带的运转损伤钵苗。
本发明提供的移栽机钵苗喂苗系统，其特征在于：所述传送单元可由操作者一次放入多株钵苗，以减轻频繁重复动作导致的过度疲劳；所述传送单元的步进电机可由伺服电机或数控液压马达代替。
本发明提供的移栽机钵苗喂苗系统，其特征在于：所述分苗单元安装于传送单元的较低一端侧板上，其闸线由栽植器控制，当栽植器的接苗桶运动至分苗杆下方的接苗位置时，栽植器通过闸线控制分苗杆弹出，同时驱动步进电机通过驱动传送带带动钵苗向前移动；所述的通过闸线与套管对分苗杆喂苗动作的机械控制可由电器控制代替。
所述的移栽机钵苗喂苗系统，分苗杆运动的控制来自栽植器的直接控制，如本发明提及的由栽植器通过闸线与套管，或根据栽植器运动通过协调匹配计算的间接控制；所 述的步进电机的控制器的控制信号既接受来自检测传感器的，又接受来自分苗单元、即栽植器部分的，以避免操作者直接喂苗时怕漏苗造成的神经紧张；所述的传送单元可一次方便操作者放入多株钵苗，以避免人工直接喂苗时的频繁重复动作造成的过度疲劳。
本发明提供的移栽机钵苗喂苗系统的分苗单元的闸线控制结构，其特征在于：闸线位于导向柱和分苗杆的中间，导向柱和分苗杆与支座上导向孔的配合为滑动导向配合，其间隙不能过大或过小，分苗杆可在导向孔中轴向自由运动，以保证分苗杆的自由弹出与复位；分苗单元安装于传送单元的较低一端，其闸线由栽植器控制，当栽植器的接苗桶运动至分苗杆下方的接苗位置时，栽植器通过闸线控制分苗杆弹出，同时使步进电机运转，驱动传动带带动钵苗向前运动，钵苗运动到传送带末端时在重力作用下喂入栽植器接苗杯，在钵苗下落瞬间弹出的分苗杆还会扶正钵苗的喂苗姿态，以利于喂苗动作的实现并提高钵苗移栽质量。
本发明提供的移栽机钵苗喂苗系统，其特征在于：分苗杆由栽植器通过闸线与套管控制，或根据栽植器运动通过协调匹配计算控制；所述移栽机钵苗喂苗系统的钵苗喂入受步进电机通过检测传感器控制，同时又受分苗杆控制，以避免操作者直接喂苗时怕漏苗造成的神经紧张。
本发明提供的移栽机钵苗喂苗系统，其特征在于：所述的本钵苗喂苗系统可2组、3组或3组以上并列用于移栽机，同时实现钵苗的多行移栽。
一种移栽机钵苗喂苗机构，其特征在于：本发明提供的钵苗喂苗系统。
本发明与现有技术相比，有益效果如下：结构简单，容易实施，降低成本；能一次放入多棵钵苗，避免操作者直接喂苗时的频繁重复动作和怕漏苗的神经紧张造成的过度疲劳；操作便利，节约人力，减小劳动强度；提高移栽效率和移栽质量，并为自动化机械移栽提供基础。
附图说明
图1是本发明移栽机钵苗喂苗系统的结构示意图。
图2是本发明钵苗喂苗系统的传送单元结构示意图。
图3是本发明钵苗喂苗系统的分苗单元结构示意图。
图中：1.分苗单元；1-1.分苗杆；1-2支座；1-3.复位弹簧；1-4.调节板；1-5.导向柱；1-6.闸线；1-7.套管；2.检测传感器；3.传送单元；3-1.传送带；3-2.轴承；3-3.张紧轴；3-4.传动轴；3-5.步进电机；4.支架；5.控制器；6.侧板。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的结构、原理和工作过程做进一步的说明。
图1为本发明提供的移栽机钵苗喂苗系统的结构示意图，该系统含有用于放入和运送钵苗的传送单元3、便于钵苗放入和运送的侧板6、用于将喂苗系统安装固定于移栽机的支架4；含有用于分苗和扶正钵苗喂入姿态的分苗单元1和用于检测钵苗是否到达分苗位置的检测传感器2；还含有用于驱动步进电机的控制器5，该控制器5既接受来自检测传感器2的信号，又接受来自分苗单元1、即栽植器部分的信号，以避免操作者直接喂苗时怕漏苗造成的神经紧张。
图2为本发明钵苗喂苗系统的传送单元结构图，传送单元3包括步进电机3-5、传动轴3-4、传送带3-1、张紧轴3-3以及轴承3-2，步进电机3-5与传动轴联接，传动带3-1安装于传动轴3-4和张紧轴3-3上，传动轴3-4与张紧轴3-3的两端通过轴承3-2安装于两侧的侧板6，步进电机3-5可通过传动轴3-4与传动带3-1驱动钵苗移动，步进电机3-5可由伺服电机或数控液压马达代替。传送单元3结构简单，且可方便操作者一次放入多株钵苗，以减轻频繁重复动作导致的过度疲劳。
图3为本发明钵苗喂苗系统的分苗单元1结构图，分苗单元1包括分苗杆1-1、支座1-2、复位弹簧1-3、调节板1-4、导向柱1-5、闸线1-6以及套管1-7，分苗杆1-1和导向柱1-5通过螺栓或焊接分别与调节板1-4固接，且都穿过支座1-2上的导向孔，与导向孔的关系是轴向滑动配合，整个分苗单元1通过支座1-2固接于侧板6上，支座1-2与侧板6的固接采用螺栓联接或焊接。
所述的分苗单元1的闸线1-6位于导向柱1-5和分苗杆1-1的中间，以利于分苗动作的实现；所述的分苗杆1-1的分苗动作由栽植器通过闸线1-6与套管1-7控制，或根据栽植器运动通过协调匹配计算控制，分苗杆1-1弹出分苗时还会扶正即将喂入栽植器导苗桶的钵苗的喂苗姿态，提高钵苗移栽质量。通过闸线1-6与套管1-7对分苗杆1-1喂苗动作的机械控制可由电器控制代替。
本发明移栽机钵苗喂苗系统的喂苗过程，按如下步骤进行：
a)、首先，由操作者一次将多株钵苗放入传送单元3的传动带3-1上，检测传感器2将检测信息发送至控制器5，进而驱动电机3-5通过传动轴3-4、传动带3-1使钵苗移动至档苗杆前的预喂苗位置，此时检测传感器2检测到钵苗并将信息发送至控制器5，控制器5使电机3-5停止运转。
b)、其次，移栽机栽植器在运行至分苗杆1-1下方的接苗位置时，使闸线1-6收缩， 在套管1-7和导向柱1-5的作用下弹出分苗杆1-1；同时向控制器5发送信息使步进电机3-5转过一个钵苗位置；位于传送带3-1末端预喂苗位置的钵苗在传送带3-1作用下向前移动，并在重力作用下落入栽植器的接苗杯，实现喂苗；在钵苗下落瞬间，弹出的分苗杆1-1通过阻挡钵苗的茎叶而扶正钵苗的喂入姿态，进而提高钵苗移栽质量。
c)、然后，移栽机栽植器接苗、运行过接苗位置后，使闸线1-6放松，分苗杆1-1在复位弹簧1-3的作用下复位，直至栽植器再次运行至分苗杆1-1下方的接苗位置；同时，检测传感器2检测到钵苗后将信息发送至控制器5，并使电机3-5停止运转，等待下次喂苗。至此，喂苗系统完成一个完整的钵苗喂苗，并开始下一个循环。
d)、最后，操作者将前一组钵苗放入传送单元3后同时准备好下一组钵苗，待机放入传送单元3的传动带3-1上，使待移栽钵苗能连续喂入。按如上次序即实现移栽机钵苗喂苗系统的机械连续喂苗。
所述实施例为本发明的优选的实施方式，但本发明并不限于上述实施方式，在不背离本发明的实质内容的情况下，本领域技术人员能够做出的任何显而易见的改进、替换或变型均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种移栽机钵苗喂苗系统，该系统含有用于放入和运送钵苗的传送单元(3)、用于驱动电机运转的控制器(5)、便于钵苗放入和运送的侧板(6)、用于将喂苗系统固定安装于移栽机的支架(4)；所述系统的传送单元(3)包括步进电机(3-5)、传动轴(3-4)、传送带(3-1)、张紧轴(3-3)以及轴承(3-2)，步进电机(3-5)与传动轴(3-4)联接，张紧轴(3-3)与传动轴(3-4)使传送带(3-1)处于张紧工作状态，传送单元(3)通过步进电机(3-5)驱动传动轴(3-4)与传动带(3-1)运动实现钵苗运送；所述系统的控制器(5)用于控制传送单元(3)的步进电机(3-5)；其特征在于：所述系统还含有用于分苗和扶正钵苗喂入姿态的分苗单元(1)和用于检测钵苗是否到达分苗位置的检测传感器(2)；所述的分苗单元(1)包括分苗杆(1-1)、支座(1-2)、复位弹簧(1-3)、调节板(1-4)、导向柱(1-5)、闸线(1-6)以及套管(1-7)，分苗杆(1-1)和导向柱(1-5)分别与通过螺栓或焊接与调节板(1-4)固接，且都穿过支座(1-2)上的导向孔，与导向孔的关系是轴向滑动配合，支座(1-2)通过螺栓或焊接固接于侧板(6)上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种移栽机钵苗喂苗系统，其特征在于：所述系统用于检测钵苗是否到位的检测传感器(2)固接安装于钵苗预喂苗位置的侧板(6)上，并向控制器发送指令使步进电机(3-5)运转和停止；当传感器(2)未检测到钵苗时，发出指令使步进电机(3-5)运转将钵苗运送到预喂苗位置的分苗杆(1-1)处等待喂苗；当传感器(2)检测到钵苗到达预喂苗位置、或预喂苗位置有钵苗时，则发出指令使步进电机(3-5)停止运转，以免传送带(3-1)运转损伤钵苗。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种移栽机钵苗喂苗系统，其特征在于：所述传送单元(3)可由操作者一次放入多株钵苗，以减轻频繁重复动作导致的过度疲劳；所述传送单元(3)的步进电机(3-5)可由伺服电机或数控液压马达代替。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种移栽机钵苗喂苗系统，其特征在于：所述分苗单元(1)安装于传送单元(3)的较低一端侧板(6)上，其闸线(1-6)由栽植器控制，当栽植器的接苗桶运动至分苗杆下方的接苗位置时，栽植器通过闸线(1-6)控制分苗杆(1-1)弹出，同时驱动步进电机(3-5)通过驱动传送带(3-1)带动钵苗向前移动；所述的通过闸线(1-6)与套管(1-7)对分苗杆(1-1)喂苗动作的机械控制可由电器控制代替。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种移栽机钵苗喂苗系统，其特征在于：闸线(1-6)位于导向柱(1-5)和分苗杆(1-1)的中间，导向柱(1-5)和分苗杆(1-1)与支座(1-2)上 的导向孔为滑动导向配合关系，分苗杆在孔中能做轴向自由运动，以保证分苗杆(1-1)的自由弹出与复位和喂苗动作的顺利实现；所述的分苗杆(1-1)在弹出喂苗时还会扶正即将落入栽植器导苗桶的钵苗的姿态，以提高钵苗移栽质量。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的一种移栽机钵苗喂苗系统，其特征在于：分苗杆(1-1)由栽植器通过闸线(1-6)与套管(1-7)控制，或根据栽植器运动通过协调匹配计算控制；所述移栽机钵苗喂苗系统的钵苗喂入受步进电机(3-5)通过检测传感器(2)控制，同时又受分苗杆(1-1)控制，以避免操作者直接喂苗时怕漏苗造成的神经紧张。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的一种移栽机钵苗喂苗系统，其特征在于：所述的本钵苗喂苗系统可2组、3组或3组以上并列用于移栽机，同时实现钵苗的多行移栽。
  8. 一种移栽机钵苗喂苗机构，其特征在于：包括权利要求1-5之一的钵苗喂苗系统。
PCT/CN2016/084681 2015-06-05 2016-06-03 一种移栽机钵苗喂苗系统 Ceased WO2016192665A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US15/573,891 US10327379B2 (en) 2015-06-05 2016-06-03 Pot seedling feeding system for transplanter

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201510301247.1 2015-06-05
CN201510301247.1A CN104838781B (zh) 2015-06-05 2015-06-05 一种移栽机钵苗喂苗系统

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016192665A1 true WO2016192665A1 (zh) 2016-12-08

Family

ID=53839099

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2016/084681 Ceased WO2016192665A1 (zh) 2015-06-05 2016-06-03 一种移栽机钵苗喂苗系统

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US10327379B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN104838781B (zh)
WO (1) WO2016192665A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114846967A (zh) * 2022-04-22 2022-08-05 河南科技大学 一种可降解穴盘用旱地移栽装置

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104838781B (zh) 2015-06-05 2017-04-12 江苏大学 一种移栽机钵苗喂苗系统
CN104919954B (zh) 2015-06-15 2017-04-19 江苏大学 一种可自动调节钵苗喂苗速度的装置
CN105103749A (zh) * 2015-09-11 2015-12-02 重庆市长寿区大嘉富水果种植股份合作社 移栽机的秧苗输送机构
CN107466560B (zh) * 2017-09-06 2023-07-18 江苏大学 一种自动移栽机钵苗导向装置及其控制方法
CN108934900A (zh) * 2018-06-29 2018-12-07 安徽徽王农业有限公司 一种用于蓝莓移栽繁殖的秧苗移动工装
CN110933979B (zh) * 2019-12-19 2022-09-23 蓝之谷智能科技(山东)有限公司 一种角度可调节的穴式移栽机及其操作方法
CN112520325B (zh) * 2020-12-10 2022-07-08 福建龙净环保股份有限公司 一种管带输送机张紧控制方法、控制装置和管带输送机
CN113911713B (zh) * 2021-12-09 2022-02-25 烟台大自然园林绿化有限公司 林业育苗床上下料装置
CN115245083B (zh) * 2022-08-24 2023-09-12 江西省鑫隆农业发展有限公司 一种石菖蒲的温室大棚育苗方法

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05111308A (ja) * 1991-03-19 1993-05-07 Iseki & Co Ltd 移植機の苗供給装置
US5247761A (en) * 1991-01-03 1993-09-28 Robotic Solutions, Inc. Computer controlled seedling transfer apparatus
CN101180928A (zh) * 2007-12-21 2008-05-21 浙江大学 基于机器视觉的幼苗移栽系统
JP2010507377A (ja) * 2006-10-25 2010-03-11 浙江理工大学 水稲鉢苗移植装置
CN201491493U (zh) * 2009-09-22 2010-06-02 韩长杰 穴盘苗移栽自动取喂装置
CN102246625A (zh) * 2011-05-23 2011-11-23 于宪臣 机械喂苗移栽机
CN103444329A (zh) * 2013-09-10 2013-12-18 江苏大学 一种钵苗移栽机穴盘输送定位方法
CN104838781A (zh) * 2015-06-05 2015-08-19 江苏大学 一种移栽机钵苗喂苗系统
CN104919954A (zh) * 2015-06-15 2015-09-23 江苏大学 一种可自动调节钵苗喂苗速度的装置及方法

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2231012Y (zh) * 1994-05-12 1996-07-17 宋建农 水稻抛秧机输秧拔秧装置
US5860372A (en) * 1995-02-21 1999-01-19 Bouldin & Lawson, Inc. Seedling transplanter with planting fingers
JPH09205834A (ja) * 1996-02-08 1997-08-12 Iseki & Co Ltd 苗移植装置
US6006893A (en) * 1996-04-24 1999-12-28 Mannesmann Dematic Rapistan Corp. Extendable trailer loader/unloader with user interface section
CN201256538Y (zh) * 2008-07-04 2009-06-17 浙江理工大学 一种蔬菜移栽装置
CN202354064U (zh) * 2011-12-05 2012-08-01 邯郸市农机技术推广站 间歇推挡式扶苗机构
CN103650718A (zh) * 2012-08-31 2014-03-26 于宪臣 自动取投苗方法与装置
EP2727860A1 (en) * 2012-10-30 2014-05-07 Tomra Systems ASA Conveyor module docking system for a reverse vending machine

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5247761A (en) * 1991-01-03 1993-09-28 Robotic Solutions, Inc. Computer controlled seedling transfer apparatus
JPH05111308A (ja) * 1991-03-19 1993-05-07 Iseki & Co Ltd 移植機の苗供給装置
JP2010507377A (ja) * 2006-10-25 2010-03-11 浙江理工大学 水稲鉢苗移植装置
CN101180928A (zh) * 2007-12-21 2008-05-21 浙江大学 基于机器视觉的幼苗移栽系统
CN201491493U (zh) * 2009-09-22 2010-06-02 韩长杰 穴盘苗移栽自动取喂装置
CN102246625A (zh) * 2011-05-23 2011-11-23 于宪臣 机械喂苗移栽机
CN103444329A (zh) * 2013-09-10 2013-12-18 江苏大学 一种钵苗移栽机穴盘输送定位方法
CN104838781A (zh) * 2015-06-05 2015-08-19 江苏大学 一种移栽机钵苗喂苗系统
CN104919954A (zh) * 2015-06-15 2015-09-23 江苏大学 一种可自动调节钵苗喂苗速度的装置及方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114846967A (zh) * 2022-04-22 2022-08-05 河南科技大学 一种可降解穴盘用旱地移栽装置
CN114846967B (zh) * 2022-04-22 2023-02-03 河南科技大学 一种可降解穴盘用旱地移栽装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20180288935A1 (en) 2018-10-11
CN104838781A (zh) 2015-08-19
US10327379B2 (en) 2019-06-25
CN104838781B (zh) 2017-04-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2016192665A1 (zh) 一种移栽机钵苗喂苗系统
CN104919954B (zh) 一种可自动调节钵苗喂苗速度的装置
CN107667637B (zh) 一种全自动钵苗移栽机
CN109005811B (zh) 一种穴盘苗自动移栽机及其控制方法
CN106973602A (zh) 一种新型移栽机自动取喂装置
CN104813782B (zh) 一种钵苗移栽机穴盘输送定位投苗方法
US10624255B2 (en) Pot seedling automatic feed mechanism for semi-automated transplanter
CN106258124B (zh) 一种钵苗移栽机成排间隔取苗依次放苗的方法和系统
CN105103744B (zh) 一种钵苗移栽机气动成排取苗装置
CN107852919A (zh) 一种钵苗移栽机的取苗投苗装置及其取苗投苗的方法
CN206790951U (zh) 一种新型移栽机自动取喂装置
CN103444329B (zh) 一种钵苗移栽机穴盘输送和定位方法
CN110741789B (zh) 穴盘钵苗整组移取送喂装置
CN113383628B (zh) 一种高速钵苗定植机
CN210519432U (zh) 穴盘钵苗整组移取送喂装置
CN103650720B (zh) 一种钵苗移栽机及其自动取苗装置
CN108207224B (zh) 一种钵苗移栽平台自动控制系统
CN105123053A (zh) 一种钵苗移栽机穴盘苗可控取投末端执行器
CN105123054A (zh) 一种钵苗移栽机穴盘输送装置
CN107593059A (zh) 穴盘苗移栽机整排取送苗装置
CN109757166A (zh) 一种盆栽花卉穴盘苗全自动移栽机及其控制系统
CN110419307B (zh) 一种穴盘苗自动移苗机
CN106233900A (zh) 一种钵苗移栽机分苗装置
CN209660777U (zh) 一种毛刷自动植毛系统
CN109328574B (zh) 一种自动钵苗定植机

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 16802588

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 15573891

Country of ref document: US

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 16802588

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1