WO2016187886A1 - 缝隙天线及电子设备 - Google Patents

缝隙天线及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016187886A1
WO2016187886A1 PCT/CN2015/080123 CN2015080123W WO2016187886A1 WO 2016187886 A1 WO2016187886 A1 WO 2016187886A1 CN 2015080123 W CN2015080123 W CN 2015080123W WO 2016187886 A1 WO2016187886 A1 WO 2016187886A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
capacitor
slot
slot antenna
printed circuit
circuit board
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/080123
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王汉阳
李建铭
张学飞
刘池
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP15892967.9A priority Critical patent/EP3291373B1/en
Priority to CN201580042725.XA priority patent/CN106663875B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2015/080123 priority patent/WO2016187886A1/zh
Priority to US15/576,723 priority patent/US10811780B2/en
Publication of WO2016187886A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016187886A1/zh
Priority to US17/027,650 priority patent/US11380999B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H01Q13/103—Resonant slot antennas with variable reactance for tuning the antenna
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H01Q13/106—Microstrip slot antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/064—Two dimensional planar arrays using horn or slot aerials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of antennas, and in particular to a slot antenna and an electronic device.
  • the main body of the slot antenna is a printed circuit board with a slot, and the length of the conventional slot antenna is one quarter of the wavelength of the operating frequency;
  • the slot antenna further includes a feeding unit, the feeding unit It may be a microstrip line extending along the position of the open end of the slot and passing vertically through the slot, and the feeding point is at a position capable of conforming to the maximum electric field of the antenna, and the microstrip line feeds the signal by coupling The slot open end excites the slot antenna.
  • the slot antenna provided in the prior art feeds the signal coupling into the open end of the slot through the microstrip line, and the microstrip line does not easily achieve the impedance matching with the open end of the slot, which has high requirements on the manufacturing process, and the feed implementation manner The space required is large.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a slot antenna and an electronic device.
  • the technical solution is as follows:
  • a slot antenna comprising: a printed circuit board having a slot, a first capacitor, a radio frequency signal source, a transmission line, and a ground line;
  • the printed circuit board is grounded; the slit is open at one end and closed at the other end;
  • the first capacitor and the ground line are disposed on the printed circuit board; the first capacitor is located at an open end of the slot, and is in close contact with a side disposed on the slot;
  • the first capacitor and the radio frequency signal source are connected by the transmission line, and the radio frequency signal source is connected to the transmission line and the ground line; the radio frequency signal source is used to excite a feed signal, and the A feed signal is fed through the first capacitor into the open end of the slot.
  • the slot antenna further includes: a second capacitor
  • the second capacitor is disposed at a middle portion of the slit, and the second capacitor is connected to both sides of the slit.
  • the second capacitor is a variable capacitor.
  • the first capacitor is a variable capacitor.
  • the gap is filled with a dielectric material.
  • a slot antenna comprising: a printed circuit board having a slot, a first capacitor, a radio frequency signal source, a transmission line, a ground line, and an open radiation branch;
  • the printed circuit board is grounded; the open radiation branch is disposed in the gap;
  • the ground wire is disposed on the printed circuit board; the first capacitor is disposed on the open radiation branch, and the first capacitor is located at an open end of the slot;
  • the first capacitor and the radio frequency signal source are connected by the transmission line, and the radio frequency signal source is connected to the transmission line and the ground line; the radio frequency signal source is used to excite a feed signal, and the A feed signal is fed through the first capacitor into the open end of the slot.
  • the slot antenna further includes: a second capacitor
  • the second capacitor is disposed in a middle portion of the slit, and the second capacitor connects one side of the slit and the open radiation branch.
  • the second capacitor is a variable capacitor.
  • the first capacitor is a variable capacitor.
  • the gap is filled with a dielectric material.
  • an electronic device comprising:
  • At least one slot antenna according to the above first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect;
  • At least one slot antenna as described in the second aspect or the second aspect of the second aspect is provided.
  • the printed circuit boards of the two or more slot antennas are the same printed circuit board.
  • the printed circuit board of the at least one slot antenna is an outer casing of the electronic device or the electronic device Part of the outer casing of the device.
  • the signal is fed into the open end of the slot by a capacitor, and only the capacitor with a fixed capacitance value can be used to achieve impedance matching, which has lower requirements on the manufacturing process. At the same time, the volume of the capacitor is small, and the space occupied by the slot antenna can be reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a slot antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2A is a structural diagram of a slot antenna according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 2B is a graph showing a relationship between an operating frequency and a reflection coefficient at different C1s according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 2C is a graph showing the relationship between the operating frequency and the reflection coefficient under different C2s according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 2D is a graph showing the relationship between the operating frequency and the antenna efficiency under different C2s according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a slot antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4A is a structural diagram of a slot antenna according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4B is a graph showing a relationship between an operating frequency and a reflection coefficient at different C1s according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4C is a graph showing a relationship between an operating frequency and a reflection coefficient at different C2s according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4D is a graph showing relationship between operating frequency and antenna efficiency under different C2s according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5B is a graph showing the relationship between the operating frequency of the first slot antenna and the input reflection coefficient under different C2 according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5C is a graph showing the relationship between the operating frequency of the second slot antenna and the output reflection coefficient under different C2 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5D is a graph showing the relationship between the operating frequency of the first slot antenna and the antenna efficiency under different C2 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5E is a graph showing the relationship between the operating frequency of the second slot antenna and the antenna efficiency under different C2 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5F is a graph showing the relationship between the operating frequency and the antenna efficiency of the first slot antenna and the second slot antenna at different C2s according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5G is a graph showing the relationship between the input reflection coefficient of the first slot antenna and the operating frequency in the case where the dielectric coefficients of the dielectric materials are different according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5H is a graph showing the relationship between the antenna efficiency of the first slot antenna and the operating frequency in the case where the dielectric coefficients of the dielectric materials are different according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a structural diagram of a slot antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the upper half of FIG. 1 is a front view of the slot antenna, and the lower half is a side view of the slot antenna.
  • the slot antenna may include: a printed circuit board 110 having a slot 112, a first capacitor 120, a radio frequency signal source 130, a transmission line 140, and a ground line 150;
  • the printed circuit board 110 is grounded; the slit 112 is open at one end and closed at the other end;
  • the first capacitor 120 and the ground line 150 are disposed on the printed circuit board, and the first capacitor 120 is located at the open end of the slot 112 and is disposed on one side of the slot 112.
  • the first capacitor 120 and the RF signal source 130 are connected by a transmission line 140, and the RF signal source 130 is connected to the transmission line 140 and the ground line 150.
  • the RF signal source 130 is used to excite the feed signal and feed the feed signal through the first capacitor 120. Into the open end of the slit 112.
  • the slot antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention feeds a signal into the open end of the slot through a capacitor, and only needs to select a capacitor with a fixed capacitance value to achieve impedance matching, which has low requirements on the manufacturing process, and at the same time, the capacitor The smaller size can reduce the space occupied by the slot antenna.
  • FIG. 2A is a structural diagram of a slot antenna according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the upper half of FIG. 2A is a front view of the slot antenna, and the lower half is a side view of the slot antenna.
  • the slot antenna may include: a printed circuit board 110 having a slot 112, a first capacitor 120, a radio frequency signal source 130, a transmission line 140, and a ground line 150;
  • the first capacitor 120 is close to or close to one side of the slot 112. Alternatively, the first capacitor 120 can be disposed at a position corresponding to the maximum electric field of the slot antenna.
  • the transmission line 140 is not in contact with the printed circuit board 110, and the distance between the two is set to the thickness of the printed circuit board.
  • the first capacitor 120, the RF signal source 130, the transmission line 140, and the ground line 150 constitute a feed unit of the slot antenna for generating a feed signal and feeding it into the slot of the antenna.
  • the structural diagrams of the slot antennas shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2A are used to describe the connection and positional relationship between the various components, and do not limit the actual shape, size, and spacing of the components.
  • the RF signal source 130 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2A may be implemented as a single component in actual use, or may be implemented as an integrated circuit composed of several electronic components.
  • the capacitor with a fixed capacitance value can be used to achieve the impedance matching of the slot antenna, and the requirements for the manufacturing process are low.
  • the volume of the capacitor is small, and the space occupied by the slot antenna can be reduced.
  • the first capacitor 120 can also be a variable capacitor.
  • the slot antenna further includes: a second capacitor 160;
  • the second capacitor 160 is disposed at a middle portion of the slit 112, and the second capacitor 160 is connected to both sides of the slit.
  • a capacitor connecting the two sides of the slot may be disposed in the middle of the slot of the slot antenna, thereby reducing the length of the slot and reducing the size of the slot antenna.
  • the second capacitor 160 can also be a variable capacitor.
  • the first capacitor and the second capacitor can use variable capacitors to adjust the reflection coefficient and efficiency of the slot antenna by separately or simultaneously adjusting the capacitance values of the two capacitors, thereby achieving independent double resonance adjustment, thereby improving The efficiency and bandwidth of the performance of the slot antenna.
  • the first capacitor 120 in FIG. 2A is a variable capacitor C1.
  • the first capacitor 120 in FIG. 2A is a variable capacitor C1.
  • FIG. 2B is a graph showing the relationship between the operating frequency and the reflection coefficient at different C1 (there is no second capacitor 160 at this time), wherein the resonance of the antenna is adjusted from 0.1 pF to 0.5 pF.
  • the frequency changes from 1.7 GHz to 2.6 GHz; FIG.
  • FIG. 2C shows that when the value of the first capacitor 120 is fixed at 0.3 pF and the second capacitor 160 is the variable capacitor C2, at different C2, between the operating frequency and the reflection coefficient
  • FIG. 2D shows that when C1 is fixed at 0.3 pF, under different C2, Diagram of operating frequency versus antenna efficiency.
  • the resonant frequency of the slot antenna shown in Figure 2A can be adjusted using either the first capacitor or the second capacitor.
  • the gap 112 may be filled with a dielectric material 170.
  • the dielectric material can also be filled in the gap of the slot antenna to improve the working efficiency of the slot antenna at low frequencies, and the effect of expanding the frequency of use of the slot antenna is achieved.
  • the slot antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention feeds a signal into the open end of the slot through a capacitor, and only needs to select a capacitor with a fixed capacitance value to achieve impedance matching, which has low requirements on the manufacturing process, and the capacitance is The smaller volume can reduce the space occupied by the slot antenna.
  • another capacitor is placed in the middle of the slot to reduce the size of the slot antenna.
  • both capacitors are set as variable capacitors to achieve double resonance of the slot antenna, improving antenna performance and efficiency.
  • the slot antenna shown in the above embodiment of FIG. 1 or FIG. 2A can achieve single-band resonance.
  • the embodiment of the invention also provides a double-band resonant slot antenna.
  • FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of a slot antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the upper half of FIG. 3 is a front view of the slot antenna, and the lower half is a side view of the slot antenna.
  • the slot antenna may include: a printed circuit board 310 having a slot 312, a first capacitor 320, a radio frequency signal source 330, a transmission line 340, a ground line 350, and an open radiation branch 380;
  • the printed circuit board 310 is grounded; the slit 312 is open at one end and the other end is closed; the open radiation branch 370 is disposed in the slit 312; and the open radiation branch 370 is not in contact with the printed circuit board 310;
  • the grounding wire 350 is disposed on the printed circuit board 310; the first capacitor 320 is disposed on the open radiation branch 380, and the first capacitor 320 is located at the open end of the slot 312;
  • the first capacitor 320 and the RF signal source 330 are connected by a transmission line 340, and the RF signal source 330 is connected to the transmission line 340 and the ground line 350.
  • the RF signal source 330 is used to excite the feed signal and feed the feed signal through the first capacitor 320. Into the open end of the slit 312.
  • the slot antenna feds a signal into the open end of the slot through a capacitor, and only needs to select a capacitor with a fixed capacitance value to achieve impedance matching, which requires less manufacturing process and capacitance.
  • FIG. 4A is a structural diagram of a slot antenna according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the upper half of FIG. 4A is a front view of the slot antenna, and the lower half is a side view of the slot antenna.
  • the slot antenna may include: a printed circuit board 310 having a slot 312, a first capacitor 320, a radio frequency signal source 330, a transmission line 340, a ground line 350, and an open radiation branch 380;
  • the first capacitor 320 can be disposed at a position that matches the maximum electric field of the slot antenna.
  • the transmission line 340 is not in contact with the printed circuit board 310, and the distance between the two is set to the thickness of the printed circuit board.
  • the first capacitor 320, the RF signal source 330, the transmission line 340, and the ground line 350 constitute a feed unit of the slot antenna for generating a feed signal and feeding it into the slot of the antenna.
  • FIG. 3 and FIG. 4A are used to describe the connection and positional relationship between the various components, and do not limit the actual shape, size, and spacing of the components. .
  • only the capacitor with a fixed capacitance value can be used to achieve the impedance matching of the slot antenna, and the requirements for the manufacturing process are low.
  • the volume of the capacitor is small, and the space occupied by the slot antenna can be reduced.
  • an open radiation branch is arranged in the gap, and the capacitor is disposed on the open radiation branch to realize the double-band resonance of the slot antenna, so that the slot antenna can have two resonance frequencies at the same time.
  • the first capacitor 320 can be a variable capacitor.
  • the slot antenna further includes: a second capacitor 360;
  • the second capacitor 360 is disposed in the middle of the slot 312, and the second capacitor 360 connects one side of the slot 312 and the open radiating branch 380.
  • a capacitor connecting one side of the slot and the open radiation branch may be disposed in the middle of the slot of the slot antenna to reduce the length of the slot and reduce the size of the slot antenna.
  • the second capacitor 360 is a variable capacitor.
  • the first capacitor and the second capacitor can use variable capacitors to adjust the reflection coefficient and efficiency of the slot antenna by separately or simultaneously adjusting the capacitance values of the two capacitors, thereby achieving independent double resonance adjustment and improved.
  • the efficiency and bandwidth of the performance of the slot antenna can be used.
  • the first capacitor 320 in FIG. 4A is a variable capacitor C1.
  • Fig. 4B is a graph showing the relationship between the operating frequency and the reflection coefficient at different C1
  • Fig. 4C is a graph showing the relationship between the operating frequency and the reflection coefficient at different C2
  • Fig. 4D shows A graph of the relationship between operating frequency and antenna efficiency at different C2.
  • the resonant frequency of the slot antenna shown in Figure 4A can be adjusted using either the first capacitor or the second capacitor.
  • the gap 312 is filled with a dielectric material 370.
  • the dielectric material can also be filled in the gap of the slot antenna to improve the working efficiency of the slot antenna at low frequencies and achieve the effect of expanding the frequency of use of the slot antenna.
  • the slot antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention feeds a signal into the open end of the slot through a capacitor, and only needs to select a capacitor with a fixed capacitance value to achieve impedance matching, which requires less manufacturing process and capacitance.
  • the smaller size can reduce the space occupied by the slot antenna.
  • the double-band resonance of the slot antenna is achieved, so that the slot antenna has two resonant frequencies at the same time.
  • another capacitor is placed in the middle of the slot to reduce the size of the slot antenna.
  • both capacitors can be set as variable capacitors to achieve double resonance of the slot antenna, improving antenna performance and efficiency.
  • the slot antenna shown in the above embodiment of the present invention also has the advantage of high high and low frequency isolation, and is easy to implement multi-antenna design in the same electronic device.
  • the present invention further provides an electronic device, which may include: at least one slot antenna as shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2A, and/or at least one slot antenna as shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 4A.
  • the printed circuit boards of the two or more slot antennas are the same printed circuit board.
  • the printed circuit board of the at least one slot antenna is part of an outer casing of an electronic device or an outer casing of an electronic device.
  • FIG. 5A shows a device configuration diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the electronic device 500 includes a first slot antenna 510 whose operating frequency is at a low frequency and a second slot antenna 520 whose operating frequency is at a high frequency.
  • the first slot antenna 510 and the second slot antenna 520 share a printed circuit board 530.
  • the slit of the first slot antenna 510 and the slot of the second slot antenna 520 are linearly disposed on two sides of the board of the printed circuit 530, respectively, and have a certain interval between the two slots.
  • the first slot antenna 510 can be implemented as the slot antenna shown in FIG. 2A above.
  • the position and connection relationship of the various components included in FIG. 2A can be referred to FIG. 2A, and details are not described herein again.
  • the second slot antenna 520 can be implemented as the slot antenna shown in FIG. 4A, and the position and connection relationship of the respective components included in FIG. 4A can be referred to FIG. 4A, and details are not described herein again.
  • FIG. 5B FIG. Enter a graph of the relationship between the reflection coefficients
  • FIG. 5C shows a graph of the relationship between the operating frequency of the second slot antenna and the output reflection coefficient at different C2
  • FIG. 5D shows that under different C2
  • FIG. 5E is a graph showing the relationship between the operating frequency of the second slot antenna and the antenna efficiency at different C2.
  • the resonant frequency of the first slot antenna and the second slot antenna shown in Figure 5A can be adjusted by the second capacitance of the first slot antenna. That is, the dual feed antenna shown in the embodiment of the invention realizes an independent high and low frequency adjustable scheme, which can reduce the use of the Diplexer device (the same direction duplexer), thereby reducing the differential loss.
  • FIG. 5F is a graph showing the relationship between the operating frequency and the antenna efficiency of the first slot antenna and the second slot antenna shown in FIG. 5A at different C2. It can be seen from FIG. 5F that the first slot antenna and the second slot antenna shown in FIG. 5A have good high and low frequency isolation, and are suitable for the antenna solution of carrier aggregation (English name: Carrier Aggregation, abbreviation: CA).
  • CA Carrier Aggregation
  • FIG. 5G shows the dielectric material.
  • FIG. 5H shows the first slot antenna 510 in the case where the dielectric coefficients of the dielectric material are different.
  • a plot of the relationship between antenna efficiency and operating frequency It can be seen that when the dielectric material is filled in the gap, the first slot antenna can work at ultra low frequency (650-800 MHz), and can obtain better input reflection coefficient and antenna efficiency.
  • a person skilled in the art may understand that all or part of the steps of implementing the above embodiments may be completed by hardware, or may be instructed by a program to execute related hardware, and the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the storage medium mentioned may be a read only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk or the like.

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Abstract

本发明实施例提供了一种缝隙天线及电子设备，涉及天线领域，所述缝隙天线包括：具有缝隙的印刷电路板、第一电容、射频信号源、传输线以及地线；印刷电路板接地；缝隙一端开口，另一端闭合；第一电容和地线设置于印刷电路板上，第一电容位于缝隙开口端，且设置于缝隙的一侧；第一电容和射频信号源通过传输线相连，且射频信号源连接传输线和地线；射频信号源，用于激发馈入信号，并将馈入信号经过第一电容馈入缝隙开口端。本发明通过一电容将信号馈入缝隙开口端，只需要选用固定电容值的电容即可以实现阻抗匹配，对制作工艺的要求较低，同时，电容的体积较小，能够减小缝隙天线的占用空间。

Description

缝隙天线及电子设备 技术领域
本发明涉及天线领域，特别涉及一种缝隙天线及电子设备。
背景技术
随着电子技术的不断发展，手机等电子设备的设计越来越多的朝着薄型化以及金属元素的方向，因此，对金属敏感性较低的缝隙天线也越来越收到重视。
在现有技术中，缝隙天线的主体是一个带有缝隙的印刷电路板，传统的缝隙天线的长度为工作频率波长的四分之一；该缝隙天线还包括一个馈电单元，该馈电单元可以是一个微带线，该微带线沿着缝隙开口端所在的位置延伸并垂直穿过缝隙，且馈电点处于能够符合天线最大电场的位置，微带线通过耦合的方式将信号馈入缝隙开口端，激发该缝隙天线。
在实现本发明的过程中，发明人发现现有技术至少存在以下问题：
现有技术中提供的缝隙天线通过微带线将信号耦合馈入缝隙开口端，而微带线不容易实现与缝隙开口端的阻抗匹配，对制作工艺的要求较高，且该馈入实现方式所需的空间较大。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中缝隙天线对制作工艺的要求较高，且所需的空间较大的问题，本发明实施例提供了一种缝隙天线及电子设备。所述技术方案如下：
第一方面，提供一种缝隙天线，所述缝隙天线包括：具有缝隙的印刷电路板、第一电容、射频信号源、传输线以及地线；
所述印刷电路板接地；所述缝隙一端开口，另一端闭合；
所述第一电容和所述地线设置于所述印刷电路板上；所述第一电容位于所述缝隙的开口端，且紧贴设置于所述缝隙的一侧；
所述第一电容和所述射频信号源通过所述传输线相连，且所述射频信号源连接所述传输线和所述地线；所述射频信号源，用于激发馈入信号，并将所述馈入信号经过所述第一电容馈入所述缝隙的开口端。
在第一方面的第一种可能实现方式中，所述缝隙天线还包括：第二电容；
所述第二电容设置于所述缝隙的中部，且所述第二电容连接所述缝隙的两侧。
结合第一方面的第一种可能实现方式，在第一方面的第二种可能实现方式中，所述第二电容为可变电容。
结合第一方面、第一方面的第一种可能实现方式或者第一方面的第二种可能实现方式，在第一方面的第三种可能实现方式中，所述第一电容为可变电容。
结合第一方面或者第一方面的第一至三种可能实现方式中的任意一种可能实现方式，在第一方面的第四种可能实现方式中，所述缝隙中填充有介电材料。
第二方面，提供一种缝隙天线，所述缝隙天线包括：具有缝隙的印刷电路板、第一电容、射频信号源、传输线、地线和开放辐射分支；
所述印刷电路板接地；所述开放辐射分支设置于所述缝隙中；
所述地线设置于所述印刷电路板上；所述第一电容设置于所述开放辐射分支上，且所述第一电容位于所述缝隙的开口端；
所述第一电容和所述射频信号源通过所述传输线相连，且所述射频信号源连接所述传输线和所述地线；所述射频信号源，用于激发馈入信号，并将所述馈入信号经过所述第一电容馈入所述缝隙的开口端。
在第二方面的第一种可能实现方式中，所述缝隙天线还包括：第二电容；
所述第二电容设置于所述缝隙的中部，且所述第二电容连接所述缝隙的一侧和所述开放辐射分支。
结合第二方面的第一种可能实现方式，在第二方面的第二种可能实现方式中，所述第二电容为可变电容。
结合第二方面、第二方面的第一种可能实现方式或者第二方面的第二种可能实现方式，在第二方面的第三种可能实现方式中，所述第一电容为可变电容。
结合第二方面或者第二方面的第一至三种可能实现方式中的任意一种可能实现方式，在第二方面的第四种可能实现方式中，所述缝隙中填充有介电材料。
第三方面，提供一种电子设备，所述电子设备包括：
至少一个如上述第一方面或者第一方面的任意一种可能实现方式所述的缝隙天线；
和/或，
至少一个如上述第二方面或者第二方面的任意一种可能实现方式所述的缝隙天线。
在第三方面的第一种可能实现方式中，当所述电子设备包含两个或者两个以上缝隙天线时，所述两个或者两个以上缝隙天线的印刷电路板为同一块印刷电路板。
结合第三方面或者第三方面的第一种可能实现方式，在第三方面的第二种可能实现方式中，所述至少一个缝隙天线的印刷电路板为所述电子设备的外壳或者所述电子设备的外壳的一部分。
本发明实施例提供的技术方案的有益效果是：
通过一电容将信号馈入缝隙开口端，只需要选用固定电容值的电容即可以实现阻抗匹配，对制作工艺的要求较低，同时，电容的体积较小，能够减小缝隙天线的占用空间。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明一个实施例提供的缝隙天线的结构图；
图2A是本发明另一实施例提供的缝隙天线的结构图；
图2B是本发明另一实施例提供的，在不同的C1下，工作频率与反射系数之间的关系曲线图；
图2C是本发明另一实施例提供的，在不同的C2下，工作频率与反射系数之间的关系曲线图；
图2D是本发明另一实施例提供的，在不同的C2下，工作频率与天线效率之间的关系曲线图；
图3是本发明一个实施例提供的缝隙天线的结构图；
图4A是本发明另一实施例提供的缝隙天线的结构图；
图4B是本发明另一实施例提供的，在不同的C1下，工作频率与反射系数之间的关系曲线图；
图4C是本发明另一实施例提供的，在不同的C2下，工作频率与反射系数之间的关系曲线图；
图4D是本发明另一实施例提供的，在不同的C2下，工作频率与天线效率之间的关系曲线图；
图5A是本发明一个实施例提供的电子设备的设备构成图；
图5B是本发明一个实施例提供的，在不同的C2下，第一缝隙天线的工作频率与输入反射系数之间的关系曲线；
图5C是本发明一个实施例提供的，在不同的C2下，第二缝隙天线的工作频率与输出反射系数之间的关系曲线图；
图5D是本发明一个实施例提供的，在不同的C2下，第一缝隙天线的工作频率与天线效率之间的关系曲线图；
图5E是本发明一个实施例提供的，在不同的C2下，第二缝隙天线的工作频率与天线效率之间的关系曲线图；
图5F是本发明一个实施例提供的，第一缝隙天线和第二缝隙天线在不同的C2下，工作频率与天线效率之间的关系曲线图；
图5G是本发明一个实施例提供的，在介电材料的介电系数不同的情况下，第一缝隙天线的输入反射系数与工作频率之间的关系曲线图；
图5H是本发明一个实施例提供的，在介电材料的介电系数不同的情况下，第一缝隙天线的天线效率与工作频率之间的关系曲线图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本发明实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
请参考图1，其示出了本发明一个实施例提供的缝隙天线的结构图。其中，图1上半部分为缝隙天线的正视图，下半部分为缝隙天线的侧视图。如图1所示，该缝隙天线可以包括：具有缝隙112的印刷电路板110、第一电容120、射频信号源130、传输线140以及地线150；
印刷电路板110接地；缝隙112一端开口，另一端闭合；
第一电容120和地线150设置于印刷电路板上，且第一电容120位于缝隙112的开口端，且紧贴设置于缝隙112的一侧。
第一电容120和射频信号源130通过传输线140相连，且射频信号源130连接传输线140和地线150；射频信号源130，用于激发馈入信号，并将馈入信号经过第一电容120馈入缝隙112开口端。
综上所述，本发明实施例提供的缝隙天线，通过一电容将信号馈入缝隙开口端，只需要选用固定电容值的电容即可以实现阻抗匹配，对制作工艺的要求较低，同时，电容的体积较小，能够减小缝隙天线的占用空间。
基于上述图1所示的缝隙天线，请参考图2A，其示出了本发明另一实施例提供的缝隙天线的结构图。其中，图2A上半部分为缝隙天线的正视图，下半部分为缝隙天线的侧视图。如图2A所示，该缝隙天线可以包括：具有缝隙112的印刷电路板110、第一电容120、射频信号源130、传输线140以及地线150；
上述各元件的位置和连接结构请参考图1，此处不再赘述。
第一电容120靠近或者紧贴缝隙112的一侧，可选的，该第一电容120可以设置于符合缝隙天线最大电场的位置。传输线140与印刷电路板110之间不接触，两者之间的距离设置为印刷电路板的厚度即可。
第一电容120、射频信号源130、传输线140以及地线150组成缝隙天线的馈电单元，用于产生馈电信号并馈入天线的缝隙中。
需要说明的是，图1和图2A所示的缝隙天线的结构图，用于描述各个元件之间的连接以及位置关系，并不对各个元件的实际形状、尺寸以及相互之间的间隔做任何限定。比如，图1和图2A所示的射频信号源130，实际使用中可能实现为单个元件，也可能实现为若干电子元件组成的集成电路。
在本发明实施例中只需要选用固定电容值的电容即可以实现缝隙天线的阻抗匹配，对制作工艺的要求较低，同时，电容的体积较小，能够减小缝隙天线的占用空间。
可选的，该第一电容120还可以为可变电容。
可选的，缝隙天线还包括：第二电容160；
第二电容160设置于缝隙112的中部，且第二电容160连接缝隙的两侧。
在本发明实施例中，可以在缝隙天线的缝隙中部设置一个连接缝隙两边的电容，从而减少缝隙的长度，缩小缝隙天线的尺寸。
可选的，该第二电容160也可以为可变电容。
在本发明实施例中，第一电容和第二电容可以使用可变电容，通过分别或者同时调节两个电容的电容值来调整缝隙天线的反射系数和效率，实现独立双谐振可调，从而提高缝隙天线的性能的效率与带宽。
具体的，设图2A中的第一电容120为可变电容C1。请参考图2B、2C和2D。图2B示出了在不同的C1下(此时无第二电容160)，工作频率与反射系数之间的关系曲线图，其中，C1的电容值从0.1pF调节到0.5pF时，天线的谐振频率从1.7GHz变化至2.6GHz；图2C示出了在第一电容120的值固定为0.3pF，第二电容160为可变电容C2时，在不同的C2下，工作频率与反射系数之间的关系曲线图，其中，C2的电容值从1pF调节到0.1pF时，天线的谐振频率从2.0GHz变化为1.6GHz；图2D示出了当C1固定为0.3pF时，在不同的C2下，工作频率与天线效率的关系图。
由图2B、2C和2D可以看出，利用第一电容或者第二电容中的任意一个，都可以实现对图2A所示的缝隙天线的谐振频率进行调节。
可选的，缝隙112中可以填充有介电材料170。
在本发明实施例中，还可以在缝隙天线的缝隙中填充介电材料，以提高缝隙天线在低频下的工作效率，达到扩展缝隙天线的使用频率的效果。
综上所述，本发明实施例提供的缝隙天线，通过一电容将信号馈入缝隙开口端，只需要选用固定电容值的电容即可以实现阻抗匹配，对制作工艺的要求较低，且电容的体积较小，能够减小缝隙天线的占用空间。同时，在缝隙中部设置另一电容，以减小缝隙天线的尺寸。此外，将两个电容均设置为可变电容，实现缝隙天线的双谐振可调，提高天线性能和效率。另外，还可以在缝隙中填充介电材料，达到扩展缝隙天线的使用频率的效果。
上述图1或图2A对应实施例所示的缝隙天线可以实现单频带谐振。本发明实施例还提供一种双频带谐振的缝隙天线。请参考图3，其示出了本发明一个实施例提供的缝隙天线的结构图。其中，图3上半部分为缝隙天线的正视图，下半部分为缝隙天线的侧视图。如图3所示，该缝隙天线可以包括：具有缝隙312的印刷电路板310、第一电容320、射频信号源330、传输线340、地线350和开放辐射分支380；
印刷电路板310接地；缝隙312一端开口，另一端闭合；开放辐射分支370设置于缝隙312中；且开放辐射分支370与印刷电路板310不接触；
地线350设置于印刷电路板310上；第一电容320设置于开放辐射分支380上，且第一电容320位于缝隙312的开口端；
第一电容320和射频信号源330通过传输线340相连，且射频信号源330连接传输线340和地线350；射频信号源330，用于激发馈入信号，并将馈入信号经过第一电容320馈入缝隙312开口端。
综上所述，本发明实施例提供的缝隙天线，通过一电容将信号馈入缝隙的开口端，只需要选用固定电容值的电容即可以实现阻抗匹配，对制作工艺的要求较低，且电容的体积较小，能够减小缝隙天线的占用空间；其次，通过在缝隙中设置开放辐射分支，并将电容设置在开放辐射分支上，从而实现缝隙天线的双频带谐振，使缝隙天线可以在同一时刻具有两个谐振频率。
基于上述图3所示的缝隙天线，请参考图4A，其示出了本发明另一实施例提供的缝隙天线的结构图。其中，图4A上半部分为缝隙天线的正视图，下半部分为缝隙天线的侧视图。如图4A所示，该缝隙天线可以包括：具有缝隙312的印刷电路板310、第一电容320、射频信号源330、传输线340、地线350和开放辐射分支380；
上述各元件的位置和连接结构请参考图1，此处不再赘述。
可选的，该第一电容320可以设置于符合缝隙天线最大电场的位置。传输线340与印刷电路板310之间不接触，两者之间的距离设置为印刷电路板的厚度。
第一电容320、射频信号源330、传输线340以及地线350组成缝隙天线的馈电单元，用于产生馈电信号并馈入天线的缝隙中。
需要说明的是，图3和图4A所示的缝隙天线的结构图，用于描述各个元件之间的连接以及位置关系，并不对各个元件的实际形状、尺寸以及相互之间的间隔做任何限定。
在本发明实施例中只需要选用固定电容值的电容即可以实现缝隙天线的阻抗匹配，对制作工艺的要求较低，同时，电容的体积较小，能够减小缝隙天线的占用空间。同时，在缝隙中设置一个开放辐射分支，并将电容设置在开放辐射分支上，实现缝隙天线的双频带谐振，使缝隙天线可以在同一时刻具有两个谐振频率。
可选的，该第一电容320可以为可变电容。
可选的，缝隙天线还包括：第二电容360；
第二电容360设置于缝隙312的中部，且第二电容360连接缝隙312的一侧和开放辐射分支380。
在本发明实施例中，可以在缝隙天线的缝隙中部设置一个连接缝隙一侧和开放辐射分支的电容，以减少缝隙的长度，缩小缝隙天线的尺寸。
可选的，该第二电容360为可变电容。
在本发明实施例中，第一电容和第二电容可以使用可变电容，通过分别或者同时调节两个电容的电容值来调整缝隙天线的反射系数和效率，实现独立双谐振可调，提高了缝隙天线的性能的效率与带宽。
具体的，设图4A中的第一电容320为可变电容C1。请参考图4B、4C和4D。图4B示出了在不同的C1下，工作频率与反射系数之间的关系曲线图；图4C示出了在不同的C2下，工作频率与反射系数之间的关系曲线图；图4D示出了在不同的C2下，工作频率与天线效率之间的关系曲线图。
由图4B、4C和4D可以看出，利用第一电容或者第二电容中的任意一个，都可以实现对图4A所示的缝隙天线的谐振频率进行调节。
可选的，缝隙312中填充有介电材料370。
在本发明实施例中，还可以在缝隙天线的缝隙中填充介电材料，以提高缝隙天线在低频下的工作效率，达到扩展缝隙天线的使用频率的效果。
综上所述，本发明实施例提供的缝隙天线，通过一电容将信号馈入缝隙的开口端，只需要选用固定电容值的电容即可以实现阻抗匹配，对制作工艺的要求较低，且电容的体积较小，能够减小缝隙天线的占用空间。其次，通过在缝隙中设置开放辐射分支，并将电容设置在开放辐射分支上，从而实现缝隙天线的双频带谐振，使缝隙天线在同一时刻具有两个谐振频率。同时，在缝隙中部设置另一电容，以减小缝隙天线的尺寸。此外，可以将两个电容均设置为可变电容，实现缝隙天线的双谐振可调，提高天线性能和效率。另外，还可以在缝隙中填充介电材料，达到扩展缝隙天线的使用频率的效果。
本发明上述实施例中所示的缝隙天线还具有高低频隔离度较高的优点，易于在同一个电子设备中实现多天线设计。具体的，本发明还提供一种电子设备，该电子设备可以包括：至少一个如图1或图2A所示的缝隙天线，和/或，至少一个如图3或图4A所示的缝隙天线。
可选的，当电子设备包含两个或者两个以上缝隙天线时，该两个或者两个以上缝隙天线的印刷电路板为同一块印刷电路板。
可选的，上述至少一个缝隙天线的印刷电路板为电子设备的外壳或者电子设备的外壳的一部分。
具体的，请参考图5A，其示出了本发明一个实施例提供的电子设备的设备构成图。如图5A所示，该电子设备500包括：工作频率处于低频的第一缝隙天线510和工作频率处于高频的第二缝隙天线520。
其中，第一缝隙天线510和第二缝隙天线520共用一个印刷电路板530。第一缝隙天线510的缝隙与第二缝隙天线520的缝隙呈直线型分别设置于印刷电路530板的两边，且两个缝隙之间具有一定的间隔。
第一缝隙天线510可以实现为上述图2A所示的缝隙天线，其包含的各个元件的位置和连接关系可以参考图2A，此处不再赘述。
第二缝隙天线520可以实现为上述图4A所示的缝隙天线，其包含的各个元件的位置和连接关系可以参考图4A，此处不再赘述。
以第一缝隙天线510中包含第一电容(电容值为C1)和第二电容(电容值为C2)，第二缝隙天线520中只包含第一电容(电容值为C3)，且C1＝0.8pF，C3＝1.6pF，C2可调为例，请参考图5B、图5C、图5D和图5E，其中，其中，图5B示出了在不同的C2下，第一缝隙天线的工作频率与输入反射系数之间的关系曲线图；图5C示出了在不同的C2下，第二缝隙天线的工作频率与输出反射系数之间的关系曲线图；图5D示出了在不同的C2下，第一缝隙天线的工作频率与天线效率之间的关系曲线图；图5E示出了在不同的C2下，第二缝隙天线的工作频率与天线效率之间的关系曲线图。
由图5B-5E可以看出，通过第一缝隙天线的第二电容可以实现对图5A所示的第一缝隙天线和第二缝隙天线的谐振频率进行调节。即本发明实施例所示的双馈入天线，实现了独立高低频可调方案，可减少Diplexer器件(同向双工器)的使用，从而降低差损。
此外，请参考图5F，其示出了图5A所示的第一缝隙天线和第二缝隙天线在不同的C2下，工作频率与天线效率之间的关系曲线图。由图5F可见，图5A所示的第一缝隙天线和第二缝隙天线之间有较好的高低频隔离度，适用于载波聚合(英文全称：Carrier Aggregation，缩写：CA)的天线方案。
本发明实施例提供的电子设备中，第一缝隙天线510和第二缝隙天线520 之间还可以填充介电材料，具体的，以C1＝0.8pF，C2＝2.5pF，C3＝1.6pF为例，请参考图5G和图5H，其中，图5G示出了在介电材料的介电系数不同的情况下，第一缝隙天线510的输入反射系数与工作频率之间的关系曲线图；图5H示出了在介电材料的介电系数不同的情况下，第一缝隙天线510的天线效率与工作频率之间的关系曲线图。由此可以看出，当缝隙中填充介电材料时，第一缝隙天线工作在超低频(650-800MHz)时，也能够获得较好的输入反射系数和天线效率。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过硬件来完成，也可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件完成，所述的程序可以存储于一种计算机可读存储介质中，上述提到的存储介质可以是只读存储器，磁盘或光盘等。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种缝隙天线，其特征在于，所述缝隙天线包括：具有缝隙的印刷电路板、第一电容、射频信号源、传输线以及地线；
    所述印刷电路板接地；所述缝隙一端开口，另一端闭合；
    所述第一电容和所述地线设置于所述印刷电路板上；所述第一电容位于所述缝隙的开口端，且设置于所述缝隙的一侧；
    所述第一电容和所述射频信号源通过所述传输线相连，且所述射频信号源连接所述传输线和所述地线；
    所述射频信号源，用于激发馈入信号，并将所述馈入信号经过所述第一电容馈入所述缝隙的开口端。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的缝隙天线，其特征在于，所述缝隙天线还包括：第二电容；
    所述第二电容设置于所述缝隙的中部，且所述第二电容连接所述缝隙的两侧。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的缝隙天线，其特征在于，所述第二电容为可变电容。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3任一所述的缝隙天线，其特征在于，所述第一电容为可变电容。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任一所述的缝隙天线，其特征在于，所述缝隙中填充有介电材料。
  6. 一种缝隙天线，其特征在于，所述缝隙天线包括：具有缝隙的印刷电路板、第一电容、射频信号源、传输线、地线和开放辐射分支；
    所述印刷电路板接地；所述缝隙一端开口，另一端闭合；所述开放辐射分支设置于所述缝隙中；
    所述地线设置于所述印刷电路板上；所述第一电容设置于所述开放辐射分 支上，且所述第一电容位于所述缝隙的开口端；
    所述第一电容和所述射频信号源通过所述传输线相连，且所述射频信号源连接所述传输线和所述地线；
    所述射频信号源，用于激发馈入信号，并将所述馈入信号经过所述第一电容馈入所述缝隙的开口端。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的缝隙天线，其特征在于，所述缝隙天线还包括：第二电容；
    所述第二电容设置于所述缝隙的中部，且所述第二电容连接所述缝隙的一侧和所述开放辐射分支。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的缝隙天线，其特征在于，所述第二电容为可变电容。
  9. 根据权利要求6至8任一所述的缝隙天线，其特征在于，所述第一电容为可变电容。
  10. 根据权利要求6至9任一所述的缝隙天线，其特征在于，所述缝隙中填充有介电材料。
  11. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备包括：
    至少一个如权利要求1至5任一所述的缝隙天线；
    和/或，
    至少一个如权利要求6至10任一所述的缝隙天线。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电子设备，其特征在于，当所述电子设备包含两个或者两个以上缝隙天线时，所述两个或者两个以上缝隙天线的印刷电路板为同一块印刷电路板。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述至少一个缝隙天线的印刷电路板为所述电子设备的外壳或者所述电子设备的外壳的一部 分。
PCT/CN2015/080123 2015-05-28 2015-05-28 缝隙天线及电子设备 WO2016187886A1 (zh)

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