WO2016186015A1 - 摺動部品 - Google Patents
摺動部品 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016186015A1 WO2016186015A1 PCT/JP2016/064229 JP2016064229W WO2016186015A1 WO 2016186015 A1 WO2016186015 A1 WO 2016186015A1 JP 2016064229 W JP2016064229 W JP 2016064229W WO 2016186015 A1 WO2016186015 A1 WO 2016186015A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- sliding
- groove
- leakage
- fluid
- trap
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
- F16J15/3404—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal
- F16J15/3408—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal at least one ring having an uneven slipping surface
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/72—Sealings
- F16C33/76—Sealings of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/80—Labyrinth sealings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
- F16J15/021—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with elastic packing
- F16J15/022—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with elastic packing characterised by structure or material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
- F16J15/3404—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal
- F16J15/3408—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal at least one ring having an uneven slipping surface
- F16J15/3412—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal at least one ring having an uneven slipping surface with cavities
- F16J15/3416—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal at least one ring having an uneven slipping surface with cavities with at least one continuous groove
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
- F16J15/3464—Mounting of the seal
- F16J15/348—Pre-assembled seals, e.g. cartridge seals
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sliding part suitable for a sliding part, for example, a mechanical seal, a bearing, and the like.
- a sliding part suitable for a sliding part, for example, a mechanical seal, a bearing, and the like.
- it is used for seal rings that need to reduce the friction by interposing fluid on the sliding surface and prevent fluid from leaking from the sliding surface, such as gearboxes for turbochargers or aero engines.
- the present invention relates to sliding parts such as oil seals or bearings.
- a mechanical seal which is an example of a sliding component
- its performance is evaluated by a leakage amount, a wear amount, and a torque.
- the performance is improved by optimizing the sliding material and sliding surface roughness of the mechanical seal, and low leakage, long life, and low torque are realized.
- further improvement in the performance of mechanical seals is required, and technical development that exceeds the framework of conventional techniques is required.
- an oil seal device of a rotating part such as a turbocharger
- a rotating shaft that is rotatably accommodated in a housing
- a disk-shaped rotating body that rotates together with the rotating shaft
- a disk-shaped fixing body that is fixed to the housing and that abuts against the end surface of the rotating body to prevent oil from leaking from the outer peripheral side to the inner peripheral side.
- An annular groove for generating pressure is provided to prevent oil from leaking from the outer peripheral side to the inner peripheral side (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- the rotating ring is provided with a rotating ring and a stationary ring attached to the casing together with the rotating shaft, and the rotating ring is provided on any sliding surface of the rotating ring and the stationary ring.
- a spiral groove that wraps the low-pressure side liquid toward the high-pressure side by rotation is provided so that the end of the high-pressure side is closed, so that the sealed fluid on the high-pressure side is prevented from leaking to the low-pressure side.
- one of the pair of cooperating seal rings is provided in the rotating component, and the other is Provided in stationary components, these seal rings have a seal surface formed substantially radially during operation, with the outer area of the seal surface between the seal surfaces and the inner area of the seal surface.
- a seal gap for sealing is formed, and at least one of the seal surfaces is provided with a plurality of circumferentially spaced recesses effective for feeding gas, the recesses from one peripheral edge of the seal surface to the other.
- the inner end of the recess is provided radially away from the other periphery of the sealing surface, and the non-gas component in the gas medium containing the non-gas component is sealed. It is known in which so as to be (for example, see Patent Document 3.).
- the present invention prevents the entry of dust from the leakage side and the fluid leakage to the leakage side on the sliding surfaces of a pair of sliding parts that slide relative to each other, and the conflict between sealing of the sliding surface and lubrication.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a sliding component capable of improving both functions.
- the sliding component of the present invention firstly includes a pair of sliding components that slide relative to each other, one sliding component is a fixed-side sealing ring, and the other sliding component is These sealing rings have a sliding surface formed in the radial direction and seal against leakage of the sealed fluid, and are at least one of the pair of sliding parts.
- the sliding surface of the sliding component is located on the leakage side and is isolated from the leakage side by a land portion, and is provided with a trap groove for trapping leakage fluid over the entire circumference.
- the trap groove of the pair of sliding components It is characterized in that a dust ingress reduction means for reducing the ingress of dust from the leak side is formed while allowing fluid to pass between the land portions on the leak side.
- the leaking fluid can be trapped in the trap groove, and In addition to preventing fluid leakage, it is possible to reduce dust from entering the sliding surface from the leakage side, and to reduce friction and leakage of the sliding surface.
- the sliding component of the present invention secondly includes a pair of sliding components that slide relative to each other, one sliding component is a fixed side sealing ring, and the other sliding component is a rotation side sealing ring.
- These sealing rings have sliding surfaces formed in the radial direction and seal against leakage of liquid or mist-like fluid to be sealed, and the pair of sliding parts
- the sliding surface of at least one of the sliding parts is provided with a trap groove which is located on the leakage side and traps the leaked liquid separated from the leakage side by the land portion over the entire circumference, and the pair of sliding parts
- a dust intrusion reducing means for reducing dust intrusion from the leak side is formed between the land portions on the leak side of the trap groove.
- the leaked liquid can be trapped in the trap groove, to the leakage side. Liquid leakage can be prevented, and dust can be prevented from entering the sliding surface from the leakage side, and friction and leakage of the sliding surface can be reduced.
- the dust entry reducing means is formed between the land portions on the leakage side from the trap grooves of the pair of sliding components. It is characterized by comprising a minimal gap zone. According to this feature, it is possible to reduce dust from entering the sliding surface from the leakage side with a simple configuration.
- the dust intrusion reducing means is formed on the surface of the land portion on the leak side from the trap groove of the pair of sliding parts. It is characterized by comprising a radially inclined groove. According to this feature, it is possible to further reduce dust from entering the sliding surface from the leakage side.
- the sliding part according to any one of the first to fourth features, wherein the trap groove has a plurality of one of the fixed side sealing ring and the front rotation side sealing ring, and the other. At least one trap groove of the stationary seal ring and the trap groove of the rotary seal ring are arranged so as not to overlap at radial positions and define these trap grooves.
- a dust intrusion reducing means is formed which allows passage of fluid but reduces intrusion of dust from the leakage side.
- the leaked liquid can be trapped by the plurality of trap grooves, It is possible to further prevent liquid leakage to the side and to prevent dust from entering with a plurality of dust entry reducing means, and to further reduce dust from entering the sliding surface from the leakage side. it can.
- the sliding surface of at least one sliding component of the pair of sliding components communicates with the trap groove.
- a dynamic pressure generation groove configured not to communicate with the sealed fluid side.
- the sliding component of the present invention is characterized in that, in the seventh and sixth aspects, the dynamic pressure generating groove has a spiral shape that sucks a fluid on a leak side and pumps it to a sealed fluid side. Yes. According to this feature, since the gas on the inner peripheral side and the liquid in the trap groove are pumped toward the outer peripheral side, the liquid in the trap groove and the liquid on the outer peripheral side are prevented from leaking to the inner peripheral side. .
- the sliding component according to the present invention has a sliding surface of at least one sliding component of the pair of sliding components on the sealed fluid side.
- a fluid introduction groove configured not to communicate with the communication side and the leakage side is provided.
- the fluid to be sealed is positively introduced into the sliding surface in the low-speed rotation state of the rotating side sealing ring such as at the time of activation, and the sliding surface S can be lubricated.
- the liquid introduced from the fluid introduction groove to the sliding surface is discharged by centrifugal force when the rotation side sealing ring rotates at a high speed such as steady operation, the liquid leaks to the inner peripheral side which is the leakage side. Absent.
- the present invention has the following excellent effects.
- (1) The sliding surface of at least one sliding part of the pair of sliding parts is located on the leakage side and is separated from the leakage side by a land portion, and a trap groove for trapping leakage fluid is provided over the entire circumference.
- a dust entry reducing means for reducing the entry of dust from the leakage side while allowing passage of fluid between the land portions on the leakage side from the trap grooves of the pair of sliding parts.
- the sliding surface of at least one sliding part of the pair of sliding parts is provided with a trap groove over the entire circumference, which is located on the leakage side and traps leakage liquid separated from the leakage side by the land portion.
- a dust entry reducing means for reducing dust entry from the leak side between the land on the leak side of the trap groove of the pair of sliding parts.
- the dust entry reducing means is constituted by a minimal gap band formed between the land portions on the leakage side from the trap groove of the pair of sliding parts, so that the sliding surface from the leakage side with a simple configuration. It is possible to reduce the dust from entering.
- the dust entry reducing means is constituted by a radially inclined groove formed on the surface of the land portion on the leakage side from the trap groove of the pair of sliding parts, so that the sliding surface further from the leakage side. It is possible to reduce the dust from entering.
- a plurality of trap grooves are provided in one of the fixed side seal ring and the front rotation side seal ring, and at least one trap groove is provided in the other, and the trap groove of the fixed side seal ring and the trap of the rotation side seal ring Dust intrusion reduction means that is arranged so as not to overlap with the groove in the radial direction and allows the passage of fluid between the land portions defining these trap grooves but reduces the ingress of dust from the leakage side Is formed, the leakage liquid can be trapped in a plurality of trap grooves even when the sliding surface of the rotating side sealing ring and the stationary side sealing ring is opened due to vibration or the like during unsteady operation of the device. Liquid leakage to the leakage side can be further prevented, dust entry can be prevented by a plurality of dust entry reduction means, and dust entry from the leakage side to the sliding surface can be further reduced. Can .
- a sliding surface of at least one sliding part of the pair of sliding parts is provided with a dynamic pressure generating groove configured to communicate with the trap groove but not to the sealed fluid side. Therefore, in the high-speed rotation state of the rotating side sealing ring such as steady operation, gas is sucked in from the leakage side and dynamic pressure (positive pressure) is generated near the outer end, so the rotating side sealing ring and the fixed side sealing ring A slight gap is formed on the sliding surface, and the sliding surface is in a gas-lubricated state, resulting in very low friction. Since the dynamic pressure generating groove is configured not to communicate with the sealed fluid side, no leakage occurs at rest.
- the dynamic pressure generating groove has a spiral shape that sucks the fluid on the leakage side and pumps it to the sealed fluid side, so that the gas on the inner peripheral side and the liquid in the trap groove are pumped toward the outer peripheral side. Therefore, the liquid in the trap groove and the liquid on the outer peripheral side are prevented from leaking to the inner peripheral side.
- a sliding surface of at least one sliding component of the pair of sliding components is provided with a fluid introduction groove configured to communicate with the sealed fluid side and not communicate with the leakage side.
- the sealed fluid is positively introduced into the sliding surface in the low-speed rotation state of the rotating side sealing ring such as at the time of starting, and the sliding surface S can be lubricated.
- the liquid introduced from the fluid introduction groove to the sliding surface is discharged by centrifugal force when the rotation side sealing ring rotates at a high speed such as steady operation, the liquid leaks to the inner peripheral side which is the leakage side. Absent.
- FIG. 2A is an enlarged view of the sliding portion of the sliding component according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and there is a center of rotation in the horizontal direction below the page.
- FIG. 2B shows a modified example of the trap groove.
- FIG. 3 (a) is an enlarged view of the sliding portion of FIG. 2 (a), and there is a center of rotation in the horizontal direction below the page.
- FIG. 3B is an AA arrow view.
- the sliding part of the sliding component which concerns on Example 2 of this invention is expanded and shown, Comprising: A rotation center exists in the horizontal direction below a paper surface.
- FIG. 5A is an enlarged view of the sliding portion of the sliding component according to the third embodiment of the present invention, and there is a rotation center in the horizontal direction below the page.
- FIG. 5B is a view taken along the arrow BB.
- 3 is an enlarged view of a part of a sliding surface of a sliding component according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention, and corresponds to FIG. 3B of Embodiment 1.
- FIG. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating a prior art, Comprising: (a) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view, (b) is CC arrow directional view.
- Example 1 of this invention With reference to FIG. 1 thru
- a mechanical seal which is an example of a sliding component will be described as an example.
- the outer peripheral side of the sliding component constituting the mechanical seal will be described as the sealed fluid side (liquid side or mist-like fluid side), and the inner peripheral side will be described as the leakage side (gas side), but the present invention is limited to this.
- the present invention can also be applied to the case where the outer peripheral side is the leakage side (gas side) and the inner peripheral side is the sealed fluid side (liquid side or mist-like fluid side).
- the sealed fluid side liquid side or mist-like fluid side
- the leakage side gas side
- both pressures may be the same.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a mechanical seal, which seals a fluid to be sealed that leaks from an outer periphery of a sliding surface toward an inner periphery, for example, a lubricant used in a bearing portion.
- One of the types provided inside the turbocharger is rotatably provided integrally with the rotary shaft 2 via a sleeve 3 on the side of the rotary shaft 2 that drives the impeller 1 of the compressor provided in the turbocharger.
- An annular rotation-side sealing ring 4 that is a sliding part, and an annular shape that is the other sliding part provided in the housing 5 in a non-rotating state and movable in the axial direction via the cartridge 6.
- the fixed-side sealing ring 7 is provided, and the coiled wave spring 8 that urges the fixed-side sealing ring 7 in the axial direction causes the sliding surfaces S that are mirror-finished by lapping or the like to slide in close contact with each other.
- the rotation-side sealing ring 4 and the stationary-side sealing ring 7 have a sliding surface S formed in the radial direction, and a fluid to be sealed, such as a liquid or mist, is formed on each sliding surface S. Is prevented from flowing out from the outer periphery of the sliding surface S to the leaking side on the inner peripheral side (hereinafter, liquid or mist-like fluid may be simply referred to as “liquid”).
- Reference numeral 9 denotes an O-ring that seals between the cartridge 6 and the stationary-side sealing ring 7.
- the sleeve 3 and the rotation-side seal ring 4 are separate from each other has been described.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the sleeve 3 and the rotation-side seal ring 4 may be integrally formed.
- the material of the rotating side sealing ring 4 and the stationary side sealing ring 7 is selected from silicon carbide (SiC) having excellent wear resistance and carbon having excellent self-lubricating properties.
- SiC silicon carbide
- FIG. 2A is an enlarged view of the sliding portion of the sliding component according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the sliding surface S of the rotation-side seal ring 4 is provided with a trap groove 10 that is located on the leak side and is isolated from the leak side by the land portion R1 and traps the leaked liquid. It has been.
- at least one or more dynamic pressure generating grooves 11 configured to communicate with the trap groove 10 and not to communicate with the sealed fluid side are provided on the sliding surface S of the rotation-side seal ring 4.
- the trap groove 10 and the dynamic pressure generating groove 11 are not limited to the sliding surface S of the rotation-side sealing ring 4, but are provided on the sliding surface S of the fixed-side sealing ring 7, or at least one of a pair of sliding parts. Provided on the sliding surface.
- the trap groove 10 leaks liquid, which is an unsealed fluid, when the sliding surface S of the rotating side sealing ring 4 and the stationary side sealing ring 7 opens due to vibrations or the like during unsteady operation of the device (for example, a compressor).
- the leaked liquid stored in the trap groove 10 is in the sealed fluid side due to the action of the dynamic pressure generating groove 11 or the centrifugal force of the leaked liquid during steady rotation.
- the trap groove 10 has a rectangular cross section.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the flask has a shape that widens from the inlet toward the back.
- a trapezoidal groove 10 may be used.
- the leaked liquid can be stored in the widened portion on the back side.
- the trap groove 10 may have any shape as long as it has a predetermined procedure and can store the leaked liquid.
- the dynamic pressure generating groove 11 is for sucking in the fluid on the leak side and pumping it to the sealed fluid side.
- the dynamic pressure generating groove 11 has a spiral shape as shown in FIG. 3B. 11, the inlet 11 a on the inner peripheral side (leakage side) is communicated with the trap groove 10, but the end portion 11 b on the sealed fluid side is not communicated with the sealed fluid side, and the rotation side sealing ring 4 And, by relative sliding of the fixed side sealing ring 7, it is inclined in a spiral shape so as to exert a pumping action from the end part on the leak side toward the end part on the sealed fluid side, thereby generating dynamic pressure (positive pressure).
- the spiral-shaped dynamic pressure generating groove 11 has a constant groove width in FIG.
- the spiral-shaped dynamic pressure generating groove 11 sucks gas from the leakage side and generates dynamic pressure (positive pressure) near the end 11b on the outer peripheral side in the high-speed rotation state of the rotation-side sealing ring 4 such as steady operation.
- a slight gap is formed on the sliding surface S between the rotating side sealing ring 4 and the stationary side sealing ring 7, and the sliding surface S is in a gas-lubricated state and has very low friction.
- the liquid in the trap groove 10 and the gas on the leakage side are pumped toward the outer peripheral side, the liquid in the trap groove 10 and the liquid on the outer peripheral side are prevented from leaking to the inner peripheral side. Further, since the spiral-shaped dynamic pressure generating groove 11 is isolated from the outer peripheral side by the land portion R, no leakage occurs at rest.
- Dust entry reducing means 12 is formed to reduce the dust entry from the outside.
- the dust intrusion reducing means 12 is constituted by a minimal gap band g formed between the land portion R1 on the rotation side seal ring 4 side and the land portion R2 on the fixed side seal ring 7 side.
- the gap of the minimum gap band g is desirably large enough to allow the liquid to enter but prevent the particles constituting the dust from entering, and is preferably 0.5 mm or less, for example.
- This 0.5 mm or less includes zero, and its meaning is as follows.
- the gap of the minimum gap band g is zero.
- the gap of the minimal gap band g has a finite value. That is, the gap “0.5 mm or less” of the minimum gap band g indicates a value when the sliding part is stationary, and includes zero.
- the minimum gap band g may be provided over the entire circumference, or may be provided only in a part of the circumference. As a case where it is provided only in a part of the circumference, for example, six minimal gap bands g with a central angle in the range of 30 ° are provided, and the other remaining parts are set to zero gap (zero gap at rest). .
- the corner portion 13 constituting the minimal gap band g of the land portion R1 on the leakage side from the trap groove 10 of the rotation side sealing ring 4 is chamfered, and this chamfering is performed.
- the corner portion 14 of the land portion R2 on the side of the fixed seal ring 7 facing the corner portion 13 is also chamfered, so that a minimum gap band g is formed by both the chamfered corner portions 13 and 14.
- the minimal gap band g communicates with the trap groove 10 on the leakage side of the trap groove 10.
- the dust entry reducing means 12 is disposed on the leakage side of the trap groove 10 to prevent dust from entering the trap groove 10 first, and into the trap groove 10 by any chance. Most of the dust that has entered stays in the trap groove 10 and the entry to the sliding surface S is considerably suppressed.
- Example 1 According to the structure of Example 1 demonstrated above, there exist the following effects.
- the sliding surface S of the rotation-side sealing ring 4 that is at least one of a pair of sliding parts is located on the leakage side and is separated from the leakage side by the land portion R1, and leaks liquid.
- a trap groove 10 to be trapped is provided over the entire circumference, and fluid passes between the land portions R1 and R2 on the leakage side of the trap groove 10 of the rotating side seal ring 4 and the fixed side seal ring 7 which are a pair of sliding parts.
- the dust intrusion reducing means 12 that reduces the ingress of dust from the leakage side is formed, but the sliding between the rotating side sealing ring 4 and the stationary side sealing ring 7 due to vibrations during the unsteady operation of the apparatus.
- the dust intrusion reducing means 12 is constituted by the minimum gap band g formed between the land portions on the leakage side from the trap groove 10 of the pair of sliding parts, so that the sliding from the leakage side can be performed with a simple configuration. It is possible to reduce dust entering the moving surface.
- the sliding surface S of the rotation-side sealing ring 4 is provided with a dynamic pressure generation groove 11 configured to communicate with the trap groove 10 and not to communicate with the sealed fluid side.
- the sliding component which concerns on Example 2 of this invention is demonstrated.
- the sliding component according to the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a plurality of trap grooves are provided on the sliding surface of the rotation-side sealing ring, and one trap groove is provided on the sliding surface of the rotation-side sealing ring.
- the other basic configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given to the same members, and duplicate descriptions are omitted.
- the sliding surface S of the rotating side sealing ring 4 is located on the leakage side and is separated from the leakage side by the land portion R3, and trap grooves 10-1 for trapping leakage liquid, and trap grooves 10 -1 is separated from the trap groove 10-1 by a land portion R4 at a position opposite to the leak side, and a trap groove 10-2 for trapping leak liquid is provided over the entire circumference.
- the sliding surface S of the rotating side sealing ring 4 is communicated with a trap groove 10-2 provided at a position away from the leakage side, and is generated so as not to communicate with the sealed fluid side.
- a groove 11 is provided.
- the sliding surface S of the fixed-side seal ring 7 is provided with a trap groove 10-3 that is located on the leak side and is isolated from the leak side by the land portion R5 and traps the leaked liquid. .
- the trap groove 10-3 on the stationary seal ring 7 side is positioned between the two trap grooves 10-1 and 10-2 on the rotation seal ring 4 side so as not to overlap with each other in the radial direction. Placed in.
- the side opposite to the leakage side of the trap groove 10-3 is defined by a land portion R6.
- the trap groove is not limited to two in the rotation-side seal ring 4 and one in the fixed-side seal ring 7, but is provided in either the fixed-side seal ring 7 or the rotation-side seal ring 4. It suffices that at least one or more are provided on the other side, and the trap groove of the fixed-side seal ring 7 and the trap groove of the rotation-side seal ring 4 should be arranged so as not to overlap at a radial position.
- the trap grooves 10-1, 10-2, and 10-3 are non-sealing fluids when the sliding surfaces S of the rotating side sealing ring 4 and the stationary side sealing ring 7 are opened due to vibrations or the like during unsteady operation of the compressor.
- the liquid leakage occurs, the liquid leakage is stored, and the liquid stored in the trap grooves 10-1, 10-2 and 10-3 is returned to the sealed fluid side during normal rotation.
- the trap grooves 10-1, 10-2 and 10-3 contrary to the case shown in FIG. 4, the trap grooves 10-1, 10-2 are formed on the fixed-side sealing ring, and the trap grooves 10-3 are formed on the fixed groove. You may provide in a rotation side sealing ring.
- Dust entry reducing means 12 for reducing dust entry from the side is formed. Also, dust entry reducing means 12 and 12 are formed between the land portion R4 and the land portion R5 and between the land portion R4 and the land portion R6, respectively.
- the three dust entry reducing means 12, 12, 12 are provided between the land portion R 3 on the rotation side seal ring 4 side and the land portion R 5 on the fixed side seal ring 7 side, and on the rotation side seal ring 4. It is constituted by three minimum gap bands g formed between the land portion R4 on the side and the land portions R5 and R6 on the fixed seal ring 7 side.
- the gap of the minimum gap band g is desirably large enough to allow the liquid to enter but prevent the particles constituting the dust from entering, and is preferably, for example, 05 mm or less.
- Each minimum gap zone g may be provided over the entire circumference, or may be provided only in a part of the circumference. As a case where it is provided only in a part of the circumference, for example, six minimum gap bands g with a central angle in the range of 30 ° are provided, and the remaining parts are set to zero gap.
- the corners constituting the minimum gap band g of the land parts R3, R4, R5 and R6 are chamfered, and the minimum gap band g is formed between the chamfered corners.
- the three trap grooves 10-1, 10-2, and 10-3 are communicated with the leakage side via three minimum gap bands g.
- the trap grooves 10-1, 10-2, and 10-3 are provided in the fixed-side seal ring 7 and the rotation-side seal ring 4, respectively, and the trap groove 10-3 and the rotation-side seal ring of the fixed-side seal ring 7 are provided.
- the four trap grooves 10-1 and 10-2 are arranged so as not to overlap with each other in the radial direction, and the land portions R3 and R4 that define the trap grooves 10-1, 10-2, and 10-3 are arranged.
- R5 and R6 allow the passage of fluid but form dust intrusion reducing means 12 for reducing dust intrusion from the leakage side.
- the sliding surface S of the rotating side seal ring 4 is provided with a dynamic pressure generating groove 11 configured to communicate with the trap groove 10-2 and not to communicate with the sealed fluid side.
- gas is sucked from the inlet 11a on the inner peripheral side (leakage side), and dynamic pressure (positive pressure) is generated near the end 11b on the outer peripheral side.
- a slight gap is formed in the sliding surface S between the rotating side sealing ring 4 and the stationary side sealing ring 7, and the sliding surface S is in a gas-lubricated state and has very low friction.
- the gas on the inner peripheral side and the liquid in the trap groove 10 are pumped toward the outer peripheral side by the spiral-shaped dynamic pressure generating groove 11, so that the liquid in the trap groove 10 and the liquid on the outer peripheral side move to the inner peripheral side. Leakage is prevented. Further, since the spiral-shaped dynamic pressure generating groove 11 is isolated from the outer peripheral side by the land portion R, no leakage occurs at rest.
- the sliding component according to the third embodiment is different from the sliding component according to the first embodiment in that the dust entry reducing unit includes a radial inclined groove formed on the surface of the land portion on the leakage side from the trap groove.
- the dust entry reducing unit includes a radial inclined groove formed on the surface of the land portion on the leakage side from the trap groove.
- the sliding surface S of the rotation-side sealing ring 4 is provided with a trap groove 10-4 that is located on the leakage side and is separated from the leakage side by the land portion R 7 and traps the leakage liquid. ing.
- the sliding surface S of the rotation-side sealing ring 4 is provided with a dynamic pressure generating groove 11 configured to communicate with the trap groove 10-4 and not to communicate with the sealed fluid side.
- the sliding surface S of the stationary seal ring 7 is provided with a trap groove 10-5 that is located on the leak side and is isolated from the leak side by the land portion R8 and traps the leaked liquid. .
- the trap groove 10-5 on the fixed seal ring 7 side is disposed at the same position in the radial direction as the trap groove 10-3 on the rotation seal ring 4 side.
- the trap grooves 10-4 and 10-5 may leak liquid, which is an unsealed fluid, when the sliding surfaces S of the rotating side sealing ring 4 and the stationary side sealing ring 7 are opened due to vibrations during unsteady operation of the compressor. When this occurs, the leaked liquid is stored, and the leaked liquid stored in the trap grooves 10-4 and 10-5 is returned to the sealed fluid side during normal rotation.
- a plurality of radially inclined grooves 15 are formed on the surface of the land portion R8 of the stationary seal ring 7 so as to communicate the trap grooves 10-5 with the leakage side.
- the radial inclined groove 15 is inclined counterclockwise starting from the trap groove 10-5 when the rotation-side sealing ring 4 is rotated counterclockwise as indicated by an arrow in FIG. 5B. Formed as follows. For this reason, it is difficult for foreign matters such as dust to enter from the leakage side toward the sliding surface.
- the cross-sectional shape of the radially inclined groove 15 may be changed in the radial direction. For example, the width and depth of the cross section on the leak side are reduced and increased in a tapered shape toward the trap groove 10-5 side. Also good.
- the radial inclined groove 15 is not limited to the fixed-side seal ring 7 but may be formed in the rotation-side seal ring 4 or may be formed in both. Moreover, the radial direction inclined groove
- channel 15 may be provided in a perimeter, and may be provided in a part of circumferential direction.
- the surface of the land portion R7 of the rotation-side sealing ring 4 and the surface of the land portion R8 of the stationary-side sealing ring 7 are formed so as to come into contact with each other when stationary.
- a radially inclined groove 15 is formed on the surface of R8.
- the radially inclined groove 15 formed on the surface of the land portion R8 on the leakage side with respect to the trap groove 10-5 of the fixed-side sealing ring 7 constitutes dust intrusion reducing means.
- the sliding surface S of the rotation side sealing ring 4 is located on the leakage side and is separated from the leakage side by the land portion R7, and is provided with a trap groove 10-4 for trapping leakage liquid over the entire circumference.
- the sliding surface S of the fixed-side seal ring 7 is located on the leakage side and is isolated from the leakage side by a land portion R8, and is provided with a trap groove 10-5 for trapping leakage liquid over the entire circumference, and a pair of sliding surfaces.
- Fluid is allowed to pass between the land portions R7 and R7 on the leakage side from the trap grooves 10-4 and 10-5 of the rotating side sealing ring 4 and the stationary side sealing ring 7 which are moving parts, but dust from the leakage side is allowed to pass.
- the radial inclined groove 15 which is a dust intrusion reducing means for reducing the ingress, the sliding surface between the rotating side sealing ring 4 and the stationary side sealing ring 7 is opened due to vibration or the like during unsteady operation of the apparatus. Even if it leaks, the trap groove 10-4 10-5 can be trapped, and liquid leakage to the leakage side can be prevented, and dust can be further prevented from entering the sliding surface from the leakage side. Can be reduced.
- the sliding surface S of the rotation side sealing ring 4 is provided with a dynamic pressure generating groove 11 configured to communicate with the trap groove 10-4 and not to communicate with the sealed fluid side.
- a dynamic pressure generating groove 11 configured to communicate with the trap groove 10-4 and not to communicate with the sealed fluid side.
- gas is sucked from the inlet 11a on the inner peripheral side (leakage side), and dynamic pressure (positive pressure) is generated near the end 11b on the outer peripheral side.
- a slight gap is formed in the sliding surface S between the rotating side sealing ring 4 and the stationary side sealing ring 7, and the sliding surface S is in a gas-lubricated state and has very low friction.
- the gas on the inner peripheral side and the liquid in the trap groove 10 are pumped toward the outer peripheral side by the spiral-shaped dynamic pressure generating groove 11, so that the liquid in the trap groove 10 and the liquid on the outer peripheral side move to the inner peripheral side. Leakage is prevented. Further, since the spiral-shaped dynamic pressure generating groove 11 is isolated from the outer peripheral side by the land portion R, no leakage occurs at rest.
- the sliding component which concerns on Example 4 of this invention is demonstrated.
- the sliding component according to the fourth embodiment is different from the above-described embodiment in that a fluid introduction groove and a positive pressure generating mechanism are provided on the sliding surface of at least one sliding component of the pair of sliding components.
- the basic configuration is the same as that of the above embodiment, and the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
- the sliding surface S of the rotation-side sealing ring 4 communicates with the sealed fluid side of the sliding surface S, that is, the outer peripheral side, and the leakage side, that is, the inner peripheral side.
- a fluid introduction groove 16 configured not to communicate with the periphery is provided.
- One or more fluid introduction grooves 16 are arranged along the outer peripheral side periphery, the planar shape is formed in a substantially rectangular shape, communicates with the sealed fluid side at the outer peripheral side periphery of the sliding surface S, and It is isolated from the peripheral side by a land portion R0.
- a positive pressure generating mechanism 17 that includes a positive pressure generating groove 17 a that communicates with the downstream side in the circumferential direction of the fluid introducing groove 16 and is shallower than the fluid introducing groove 16.
- the positive pressure generating mechanism 17 increases the fluid film between the sliding surfaces by generating a positive pressure (dynamic pressure), thereby improving the lubrication performance.
- the positive pressure generating groove 17a communicates with the fluid introduction groove 16 on the upstream side and is isolated from the outer peripheral side by the land portion R0.
- the positive pressure generating mechanism 17 includes a Rayleigh step mechanism including a positive pressure generating groove 17a and a Rayleigh step 17b communicating with the fluid introduction groove 16 on the upstream side, but is not limited thereto. In short, any mechanism that generates positive pressure may be used.
- the planar shape formed by the fluid introduction groove 16 and the positive pressure generating mechanism 17 is substantially L-shaped.
- the rotation-side sealing ring 4 When the rotation-side sealing ring 4 is rotated counterclockwise, the liquid on the outer peripheral side is introduced from the substantially rectangular fluid introduction groove 16 to the sliding surface, and the sliding surface S can be lubricated. At that time, since positive pressure (dynamic pressure) is generated by the positive pressure generating mechanism 17, the fluid film between the sliding surfaces is increased, and the lubricating performance can be further improved. Further, when the rotation-side seal ring 4 rotates at a high speed such as steady operation, the liquid introduced from the fluid introduction groove 17 to the sliding surface is discharged by centrifugal force, so that the liquid leaks to the inner peripheral side which is the leakage side. There is nothing.
- FIG. 6 (b) is different from FIG. 6 (a) in that the shape of the fluid introduction groove is different, but the other is the same as FIG. 6 (a).
- the sliding surface S of the rotation-side sealing ring 4 communicates with the sealed fluid side of the sliding surface S, that is, the outer peripheral side, and the leakage side, that is, the inner peripheral side.
- a fluid introduction groove 18 configured not to communicate with the peripheral edge is provided.
- the fluid introduction groove 18 is disposed along the peripheral edge on the outer peripheral side, the fluid introduction part 18a and the fluid outlet part 16b communicating only with the peripheral edge on the outer peripheral side of the sliding surface S, and the fluid communicating these in the circumferential direction. It is comprised from the communication part 18c, and is separated from the inner peripheral side by the land part R0.
- the fluid introduction part 18a and the fluid lead-out part 18b are provided at a constant distance in the circumferential direction and extend linearly in the radial direction, so that the planar shape of the fluid introduction groove 18 is substantially U-shaped. ing.
- a positive pressure generating mechanism 17 having a positive pressure generating groove 17a shallower than the fluid introducing groove 18 is provided in a portion surrounded by the fluid introducing groove 18 and the outer peripheral side.
- the positive pressure generating mechanism 17 increases the fluid film between the sliding surfaces by generating a positive pressure (dynamic pressure), thereby improving the lubrication performance.
- the upstream side of the positive pressure generating groove 17a communicates with the fluid introduction portion 18a, and is separated from the fluid outlet portion 18b and the outer peripheral side by the land portion R0.
- the positive pressure generating mechanism 17 is configured by a Rayleigh step mechanism including a positive pressure generating groove 17a and a Rayleigh step 17b communicating with the fluid introducing portion 18a of the fluid introducing groove 18 on the upstream side. In short, any mechanism that generates positive pressure may be used.
- the liquid on the outer peripheral side is introduced from the fluid introduction part 18a of the substantially U-shaped fluid introduction groove 18 to the sliding surface, and from the fluid outlet part 18b to the outer peripheral side.
- the liquid existing on the outer peripheral side of the sliding surface S in the low-speed rotation state of the rotating side sealing ring 4 at the time of starting or the like is positively introduced into the sliding surface S, and the sliding surface S Can be lubricated.
- positive pressure dynamic pressure
- the fluid film between the sliding surfaces is increased, and the lubricating performance can be further improved.
- the planar shape of the fluid introduction groove 18 is substantially U-shaped.
- the shape is not limited to this, and the shape in which the fluid introduction portion 18a and the fluid outlet portion 18b intersect on the inner diameter side, that is, It may be formed in a substantially V-shape.
- the sliding surface S of the rotation-side sealing ring 4 communicates with the sealed fluid side of the sliding surface S, that is, the outer peripheral edge, and does not communicate with the leakage side, that is, the inner peripheral edge.
- the outer peripheral side of the sliding component has been described as the sealed fluid side (liquid side or mist-like fluid side), and the inner peripheral side is described as the leak side (gas side).
- the present invention is also applicable to the case where the outer peripheral side is the leakage side (gas side) and the inner peripheral side is the sealed fluid side (liquid side or mist-like fluid side).
- the sealed fluid side (liquid side or mist-like fluid side) has a high pressure.
- the leakage side (gas side) may be low pressure or vice versa, and both pressures may be the same.
- the dynamic pressure generating groove 11 is a spiral groove.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and a combination of a Rayleigh step and a reverse Rayleigh step may be used. Any mechanism that sucks fluid and generates dynamic pressure (positive pressure) may be used.
- the fluid introduction groove is provided in the sliding component of the first embodiment.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the sliding component of the second and third embodiments is also not limited thereto. Needless to say, this is applicable.
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Abstract
Description
そのような中で、例えば、ターボチャージャーのような回転部品のオイルシール装置に利用されるものとして、ハウジングに回転可能に収納された回転軸と、回転軸とともに回転する円盤状の回転体と、ハウジングに固定され、回転体の端面に当接して外周側から内周側へオイルの漏れるのを防止する円盤状の固定体とを備え、固定体の当接面には流体の遠心力により正圧を発生する環状の溝が設けられ、オイルが外周側から内周側へ漏れるのを防止するようにしたものが知られている(例えば、特許文献1参照。)。
また、例えば、ターボチャージャーの駆動軸を圧縮機ハウジングに対してシールするのに適した面シール構造として、協働する1対のシールリングのうち、その一方は回転構成要素に設けられ、他方は静止構成要素に設けられ、これらのシールリングは、作動中に実質的に半径方向に形成されたシール面を有して、シール面同士の間に、シール面の外側区域をシール面の内側区域に対してシールするためのシールギャップが形成され、シール面の少なくとも一方に、ガスを送り込むのに有効な周方向に離間した複数の凹部が設けられ、該凹部はシール面の一方の周縁から他方の周縁に向かって延びているとともに、凹部の内端は前記シール面の他方の周縁から半径方向に離間して設けられ、非ガス成分を含むガス媒体中の非ガス成分がシールされるようにしたものが知られている(例えば、特許文献3参照。)。
この特徴によれば、装置の非定常運転時の振動等により回転側密封環と固定側密封環との摺動面が開いた場合でも漏れ流体をトラップ溝でトラップすることができ、漏れ側への流体漏れを防止できると共に、漏れ側から摺動面にダストが進入するのを低減することができ、摺動面の摩擦及び漏れを低減することができる。
この特徴によれば、装置の非定常運転時の振動等により回転側密封環と固定側密封環との摺動面が開いた場合でも漏れ液をトラップ溝でトラップすることができ、漏れ側への液漏れを防止できると共に、漏れ側から摺動面にダストが進入するのを低減することができ、摺動面の摩擦及び漏れを低減することができる。
この特徴によれば、シンプルな構成でもって漏れ側から摺動面にダストが進入するのを低減することができる。
この特徴によれば、より一層、漏れ側から摺動面にダストが進入するのを低減することができる。
この特徴によれば、装置の非定常運転時の振動等により回転側密封環と固定側密封環との摺動面が開いた場合でも漏れ液を複数のトラップ溝でトラップすることができ、漏れ側への液漏れを、一層、防止できると共に、複数のダスト進入低減手段でダストの進入を阻止することができ、漏れ側から摺動面にダストが進入するのを、一層、低減することができる。
この特徴によれば、定常運転等の回転側密封環の高速回転状態において、漏れ側から気体を吸い込み、外周側の端部付近で動圧(正圧)を発生するため、回転側密封環と固定側密封環との摺動面に僅かな間隙が形成され、摺動面は気体潤滑の状態となり非常に低摩擦となる。動圧発生溝は被密封流体側には連通しないように構成されているため、静止時において漏れが発生することがない。
この特徴によれば、内周側の気体及びトラップ溝内の液体が外周側に向けてポンピングされるため、トラップ溝内の液体及び外周側の液体が内周側へ漏洩することが防止される。
この特徴によれば、起動時などの回転側密封環の低速回転状態において被密封流体が、積極的に摺動面に導入され、摺動面Sの潤滑を行うことができる。また、回転側密封環が定常運転等の高速回転時において流体導入溝から摺動面に導入された液体は遠心力により排出されるため、漏れ側である内周側に液体が漏洩することはない。
(1)一対の摺動部品の少なくとも一方の摺動部品の摺動面には、漏れ側に位置すると共に漏れ側とはランド部により隔離され、漏れ流体をトラップするトラップ溝が全周にわたり設けられ、一対の摺動部品の前記トラップ溝より漏れ側のランド部間には流体の通過は許容するが漏れ側からのダストの進入を低減するダスト進入低減手段が形成されていることにより、装置の非定常運転時の振動等により回転側密封環と固定側密封環との摺動面が開いた場合でも漏れ流体をトラップ溝でトラップすることができ、漏れ側への流体漏れを防止できると共に、漏れ側から摺動面にダストが進入するのを低減することができ、摺動面の摩擦及び漏れを低減することができる。
なお、以下の実施例においては、摺動部品の一例であるメカニカルシールを例にして説明する。また、メカニカルシールを構成する摺動部品の外周側を被密封流体側(液体側あるいはミスト状の流体側)、内周側を漏れ側(気体側)として説明するが、本発明はこれに限定されることなく、外周側が漏れ側(気体側)、内周側が被密封流体側(液体側あるいはミスト状の流体側)である場合も適用可能である。また、被密封流体側(液体側あるいはミスト状の流体側)と漏れ側(気体側)との圧力の大小関係については、例えば、被密封流体側(液体側あるいはミスト状の流体側)が高圧、漏れ側(気体側)が低圧、あるいは、その逆のいずれでもよく、また、両方の圧力が同一であってもよい。
なお、符号9はOリングを示しており、カートリッジ6と固定側密封環7との間をシールするものである。
また、本例では、スリーブ3と回転側密封環4とは別体の場合について説明しているが、これに限らず、スリーブ3と回転側密封環4とを一体に形成してもよい。
図2(a)において、回転側密封環4の摺動面Sには、漏れ側に位置すると共に漏れ側とはランド部R1により隔離され、漏れ液をトラップするトラップ溝10が全周にわたり設けられている。また、回転側密封環4の摺動面Sには、トラップ溝10に連通され、被密封流体側には連通されないように構成された動圧発生溝11が少なくとも1つ以上設けられている。
トラップ溝10及び動圧発生溝11は、回転側密封環4の摺動面Sに限らず、固定側密封環7の摺動面Sに設けられるなど、少なくとも一対の摺動部品のいずれか一方の摺動面に設けられればよい。
図2(a)において、トラップ溝10は断面が矩形状をなしているが、これに限らず、例えば、図2(b)に示すように、入口から奥に向けて末広がりの形状をしたフラスコ状のトラップ溝10でもよい。フラスコ状のトラップ溝10であると、摺動部品が横置きされた場合に、奥側の広がり部分に漏れ液を溜めておくことができる。トラップ溝10の形状は、要は、所定の要領を有し、漏れ液を貯留できるものであればよい。
スパイラル形状の動圧発生溝11は、内周側(漏れ側)の入口11aがトラップ溝10に連通されているものの、被密封流体側の端部11bは被密封流体側には連通されておらず、回転側密封環4及び固定側密封環7の相対摺動により、漏れ側の端部から被密封流体側の端部に向けてポンピング作用を発揮するようにスパイラル状に傾斜され、動圧(正圧)を発生する。
スパイラル形状の動圧発生溝11は、図3(b)においては、溝幅が一定に形成されているが、トラップ溝10に連通されている内周側(漏れ側)の入口11aの溝幅を拡大、すなわち、入口11aの周方向長さを他の部分より長くし、動圧発生溝11内への流体の供給効果を増大してもよい。
本例の場合、ダスト進入低減手段12は、回転側密封環4側のランド部R1と固定側密封環7側のランド部R2との間に形成される極小隙間帯gにより構成される。この極小隙間帯gの隙間は、液体の進入は許容するがダストを構成する粒子の進入を阻止する大きさが望ましく、例えば、0.5mm以下が好ましい。この0.5mm以下にはゼロも含まれ、その意味は次のとおりである。
装置の静止時、すなわち、摺動部品の静止時においては一対の摺動面の間には隙間が存在せず、極小隙間帯gの隙間はゼロであるが、装置が始動し、一対の摺動面が相対摺動すると、摺動面間に存在する流体により動圧が発生し、一対の摺動面の間には僅かな隙間が生じ、極小隙間帯gの隙間は有限の値となる。すなわち、極小隙間帯gの隙間「0.5mm以下」は摺動部品の静止時の値を示すもので、ゼロも含まれる。
(1)一対の摺動部品の少なくとも一方の摺動部品である回転側密封環4の摺動面Sには、漏れ側に位置すると共に漏れ側とはランド部R1により隔離され、漏れ液をトラップするトラップ溝10が全周にわたり設けられ、一対の摺動部品である回転側密封環4及び固定側密封環7のトラップ溝10より漏れ側のランド部R1、R2間には流体の通過は許容するが漏れ側からのダストの進入を低減するダスト進入低減手段12が形成されていることにより、装置の非定常運転時の振動等により回転側密封環4と固定側密封環7との摺動面が開いた場合でも漏れ液をトラップ溝10でトラップすることができ、漏れ側への液漏れを防止できると共に、漏れ側から摺動面にダストが進入するのを低減することができ、摺動面の摩擦及び漏れを低減することができる。
(2)ダスト進入低減手段12が、一対の摺動部品のトラップ溝10より漏れ側のランド部間に形成される極小隙間帯gにより構成されることにより、シンプルな構成でもって漏れ側から摺動面にダストが進入するのを低減することができる。
(3)回転側密封環4の摺動面Sには、トラップ溝10に連通され、被密封流体側には連通されないように構成された動圧発生溝11が設けられていることにより、定常運転等の回転側密封環4の高速回転状態において、内周側(漏れ側)の入口11aから気体を吸い込み、外周側の端部11b付近で動圧(正圧)を発生するため、回転側密封環4と固定側密封環7との摺動面Sに僅かな間隙が形成され、摺動面Sは気体潤滑の状態となり非常に低摩擦となる。同時に、スパイラル形状の動圧発生溝11により内周側の気体及びトラップ溝10内の液体が外周側に向けてポンピングされるため、トラップ溝10内の液体及び外周側の液体が内周側へ漏洩することが防止される。また、スパイラル形状の動圧発生溝11は外周側とはランド部Rにより隔離されているため、静止時において漏れが発生することがない。
実施例2に係る摺動部品は、回転側密封環の摺動面に複数のトラップ溝が設けられ、回転側密封環の摺動面に1つのトラップ溝が設けられている点で実施例1の摺動部品と相違するが、その他の基本構成は実施例1と同じであり、同じ部材には同じ符号を付し、重複する説明は省略する。
なお、トラップ溝は、上記のように回転側密封環4に2つ、固定側密封環7に1つ設けられることに限らず、固定側密封環7及び回転側密封環4のいずれか一方に複数、他方に少なくとも1つ以上設けられればよく、固定側密封環7のトラップ溝と回転側密封環4のトラップ溝とが径方向の位置において重複しないように配置されればよい。
なお、トラップ溝10-1、10-2及び10-3は、図4に示す場合と反対に、トラップ溝10-1、10-2が固定側密封環に、また、トラップ溝10-3が回転側密封環に設けられてもよい。
また、ランド部R4とランド部R5との間、及び、ランド部R4とランド部R6との間にも、それぞれ、ダスト進入低減手段12、12が形成される。
(1)トラップ溝10-1、10-2、10-3は、固定側密封環7及び回転側密封環4にそれぞれ設けられ、固定側密封環7のトラップ溝10-3と回転側密封環4のトラップ溝10-1、10-2とは径方向の位置において重複しないように配置されると共にこれらのトラップ溝10-1、10-2、10-3を画成するランド部R3、R4、R5、R6間には流体の通過は許容するが漏れ側からのダストの進入を低減するダスト進入低減手段12が形成されることにより、装置の非定常運転時の振動等により回転側密封環4と固定側密封環7との摺動面が開いた場合でも漏れ液を複数のトラップ溝でトラップすることができ、漏れ側への液漏れを、一層、防止できると共に、複数のダスト進入低減手段でダストの進入を阻止することができ、漏れ側から摺動面にダストが進入するのを、一層、低減することができる。
(2)回転側密封環4の摺動面Sには、トラップ溝10-2に連通され、被密封流体側には連通されないように構成された動圧発生溝11が設けられていることにより、定常運転等の回転側密封環4の高速回転状態において、内周側(漏れ側)の入口11aから気体を吸い込み、外周側の端部11b付近で動圧(正圧)を発生するため、回転側密封環4と固定側密封環7との摺動面Sに僅かな間隙が形成され、摺動面Sは気体潤滑の状態となり非常に低摩擦となる。同時に、スパイラル形状の動圧発生溝11により内周側の気体及びトラップ溝10内の液体が外周側に向けてポンピングされるため、トラップ溝10内の液体及び外周側の液体が内周側へ漏洩することが防止される。また、スパイラル形状の動圧発生溝11は外周側とはランド部Rにより隔離されているため、静止時において漏れが発生することがない。
実施例3に係る摺動部品は、ダスト進入低減手段が、トラップ溝より漏れ側のランド部の表面に形成される半径方向傾斜溝を備える点で実施例1の摺動部品と相違するが、その他の基本構成は実施例1と同じであり、同じ部材には同じ符号を付し、重複する説明は省略する。
また、半径方向傾斜溝15の断面形状を半径方向において変化させてもよく、例えば、漏れ側の断面の幅及び深さを小さくし、トラップ溝10-5側に向けてテーパ状に大きくしてもよい。
なお、半径方向傾斜溝15は固定側密封環7に限らず、回転側密封環4に形成されてもよく、また、両者に形成されてもよい。また、半径方向傾斜溝15は、全周に設けられてもよく、円周方向の一部分に設けられてもよい。
本例においては、固定側密封環7のトラップ溝10-5より漏れ側のランド部R8の表面に形成される半径方向傾斜溝15がダスト進入低減手段を構成する。
(1)回転側密封環4の摺動面Sには、漏れ側に位置すると共に漏れ側とはランド部R7により隔離され、漏れ液をトラップするトラップ溝10-4が全周にわたり設けられ、固定側密封環7の摺動面Sには、漏れ側に位置すると共に漏れ側とはランド部R8により隔離され、漏れ液をトラップするトラップ溝10-5が全周にわたり設けられ、一対の摺動部品である回転側密封環4及び固定側密封環7のトラップ溝10-4及び10-5より漏れ側のランド部R7、R7間には流体の通過は許容するが漏れ側からのダストの進入を低減するダスト進入低減手段である半径方向傾斜溝15が形成されることにより、装置の非定常運転時の振動等により回転側密封環4と固定側密封環7との摺動面が開いた場合でも漏れ液をトラップ溝10-4、10-5でトラップすることができ、漏れ側への液漏れを防止できると共に、漏れ側から摺動面にダストが進入するのを、一層、低減することができ、摺動面の摩擦及び漏れを低減することができる。
(2)回転側密封環4の摺動面Sには、トラップ溝10-4に連通され、被密封流体側には連通されないように構成された動圧発生溝11が設けられていることにより、定常運転等の回転側密封環4の高速回転状態において、内周側(漏れ側)の入口11aから気体を吸い込み、外周側の端部11b付近で動圧(正圧)を発生するため、回転側密封環4と固定側密封環7との摺動面Sに僅かな間隙が形成され、摺動面Sは気体潤滑の状態となり非常に低摩擦となる。同時に、スパイラル形状の動圧発生溝11により内周側の気体及びトラップ溝10内の液体が外周側に向けてポンピングされるため、トラップ溝10内の液体及び外周側の液体が内周側へ漏洩することが防止される。また、スパイラル形状の動圧発生溝11は外周側とはランド部Rにより隔離されているため、静止時において漏れが発生することがない。
実施例4に係る摺動部品は、一対の摺動部品の少なくとも一方の摺動部品の摺動面に流体導入溝及び正圧発生機構が設けられる点で前記実施例と相違するが、その他の基本構成は前記実施例と同じであり、同じ部材には同じ符号を付し、重複する説明は省略する。
正圧発生溝17aは、上流側が流体導入溝16に連通し、外周側とはランド部R0により隔離されている。
本例では、正圧発生機構17は、上流側において流体導入溝16に連通する正圧発生溝17a及びレイリーステップ17bを備えたレイリーステップ機構から構成されるが、これに限定されることなく、要は、正圧を発生する機構であればよい。
図6(a)において、流体導入溝16及び正圧発生機構17のなす平面形状は略L字状をなしている。
また、回転側密封環4が定常運転等の高速回転時において流体導入溝17から摺動面に導入された液体は遠心力により排出されるため、漏れ側である内周側に液体が漏洩することはない。
本例では、流体導入部18a及び流体導出部18bは周方向において一定距離隔てて設けられ、それぞれ、径方向に直線状に延びているため、流体導入溝18の平面形状は略U字形をなしている。
正圧発生溝17aは、上流側が流体導入部18aに連通し、流体導出部18b及び外周側とはランド部R0により隔離されている。
本例では、正圧発生機構17は、上流側において流体導入溝18の流体導入部18aに連通する正圧発生溝17a及びレイリーステップ17bを備えたレイリーステップ機構から構成されるが、これに限定されることなく、要は、正圧を発生する機構であればよい。
また、回転側密封環4が定常運転等の高速回転時において流体導入溝18から摺動面に導入された液体は遠心力により排出されるため、漏れ側である内周側に液体が漏洩することはない。
回転側密封環4の摺動面Sには、該摺動面Sの被密封流体側、すなわち、外周側の周縁に連通し、漏れ側、すなわち、内周側の周縁には連通しないように構成された流体導入溝16または18が設けられることにより、起動時などの回転側密封環4の低速回転状態において摺動面Sの外周側に存在する液体が、積極的に摺動面Sに導入され、摺動面Sの潤滑を行うことができる。その際、正圧発生機構17により正圧(動圧)が発生されるため、摺動面間の流体膜が増大され、潤滑性能をさらに向上させることができる。
また、回転側密封環4が定常運転等の高速回転時において流体導入溝16または18から摺動面に導入された液体は遠心力により排出されるため、漏れ側である内周側に液体が漏洩することはない。
2 回転軸
3 スリーブ
4 回転側密封環
5 ハウジング
6 カートリッジ
7 回転側密封環
8 コイルドウェーブスプリング
10、10-1~10-5 トラップ溝
11 動圧発生溝
11a 内周側の入口
11b 外周側の端部
12 ダスト進入低減手段
13 ランド部角部
14 ランド部の角部
15 半径方向傾斜溝
16 流体導入溝
17 正圧発生機構
18 流体導入溝
S 摺動面
R0~R8 ランド部
g 極小隙間帯
Claims (8)
- 互いに相対摺動する一対の摺動部品を備え、一方の摺動部品は固定側密封環であり、他方の摺動部品は回転側密封環であり、これらの密封環は半径方向に形成された摺動面を有し、被密封流体が漏洩するのをシールするものであって、前記一対の摺動部品の少なくとも一方の摺動部品の摺動面には、漏れ側に位置すると共に漏れ側とはランド部により隔離され、漏れ流体をトラップするトラップ溝が全周にわたり設けられ、前記一対の摺動部品の前記トラップ溝より漏れ側のランド部間には流体の通過は許容するが漏れ側からのダストの進入を低減するダスト進入低減手段が形成されていることを特徴とする摺動部品。
- 互いに相対摺動する一対の摺動部品を備え、一方の摺動部品は固定側密封環であり、他方の摺動部品は回転側密封環であり、これらの密封環は半径方向に形成された摺動面を有し、被密封流体である液体又はミスト状の流体が漏洩するのをシールするものであって、前記一対の摺動部品の少なくとも一方の摺動部品の摺動面には、漏れ側に位置すると共に漏れ側とはランド部により隔離された漏れ液をトラップするトラップ溝が全周にわたり設けられ、前記一対の摺動部品の前記トラップ溝より漏れ側のランド部間には漏れ側からのダストの進入を低減するダスト進入低減手段が形成されていることを特徴とする摺動部品。
- 前記ダスト進入低減手段が、前記一対の摺動部品の前記トラップ溝より漏れ側のランド部間に形成される極小隙間帯により構成されることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載の摺動部品。
- 前記ダスト進入低減手段が、前記一対の摺動部品の前記トラップ溝より漏れ側のランド部の表面に形成される半径方向傾斜溝により構成されることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載の摺動部品。
- 前記トラップ溝は、前記固定側密封環及び前回転側密封環のいずれか一方に複数、他方に少なくとも1つ以上設けられ、前記固定側密封環のトラップ溝と前記回転側密封環のトラップ溝とは径方向の位置において重複しないように配置されると共にこれらのトラップ溝を画成するランド部間には流体の通過は許容するが漏れ側からのダストの進入を低減するダスト進入低減手段が形成されることを特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の摺動部品。
- 前記一対の摺動部品の少なくとも一方の摺動部品の摺動面には、前記トラップ溝に連通し、被密封流体側には連通しないように構成された動圧発生溝が設けられることを特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項5のいずれか1項に記載の摺動部品。
- 前記動圧発生溝は、漏れ側の流体を吸い込み被密封流体側にポンピングするスパイラル形状をなしていることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の摺動部品。
- 前記一対の摺動部品の少なくとも一方の摺動部品の摺動面には、被密封流体側に連通し、漏れ側には連通しないように構成された流体導入溝が設けられることを特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項7のいずれか1項に記載の摺動部品。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20180135699A1 (en) | 2018-05-17 |
US10337560B2 (en) | 2019-07-02 |
JP6595589B2 (ja) | 2019-10-23 |
EP3299684A4 (en) | 2019-03-06 |
KR102049272B1 (ko) | 2019-11-28 |
BR112017023658A2 (ja) | 2018-07-17 |
CN107532725A (zh) | 2018-01-02 |
EP3299684A1 (en) | 2018-03-28 |
JPWO2016186015A1 (ja) | 2018-03-08 |
EP3299684B1 (en) | 2022-03-23 |
CN107532725B (zh) | 2019-09-10 |
KR20180008560A (ko) | 2018-01-24 |
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