WO2016183634A1

WO2016183634A1 - Skin exfoliant composition

Info

Publication number: WO2016183634A1
Application number: PCT/AU2016/050382
Authority: WO
Inventors: Alex BOFFA; Stephen Rowley
Original assignee: Sndr Pty Ltd
Priority date: 2015-05-19
Filing date: 2016-05-19
Publication date: 2016-11-24

Abstract

The present invention provides an exfoliating skin treating composition comprising a plurality of particles obtained from the beans of a plant of the genus Coffea. The Coffea bean particles may have a mean particle size of between about 200 micron and 1000 microns, and may comprise less than about 10% (w/w) of the composition. A mineral such as kaolinite a mineral having a mean particle size of between about 1 μm to about 100 μm may be further included along with an extract of a seed or a fruit of a plant of the genus Rosa, Cocos, Vitis, Prunus, Bambusa, or Juglans, or a butter extract of a plant of the genus Theobroma or Butyrospermum, or a honey from an insect of the genus Apis. The present compositions are particularly for treating human skin to remove upper layers of the skin to improve the appearance and promote smoothness.

Description

SKIN EXFOLIANT COMPOSITION

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to compositions for treating the skin of an animal, and especially human skin. More particularly, the compositions are for the removal of upper layers of the skin to improve the appearance and promote smoothness.

BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION

The skin of humans and in particular facial skin periodically requires cleansing to remove oil, foreign matter, and also the debris of dead skin which results from the normal desquamation of the epidermis.

Skin cells are constantly being generated during the natural cell renewal cycle. This renewal cycle involves the formation of new viable cells which migrate through the epidermal layers until they reach the outer epidermal layer known as the stratum corneum. It is in that outer layer that skin cells die and eventually slough off. The skin of younger individuals renews the surface layers every two to three weeks, whereas mature skin may take twice as long. The presence of dead cells on the skin contributes to an older, unattractive appearance whereby the skin appears dehydrated, cracked and rough. .

By accelerating the renewal of skin cells, the skin can be made to appear younger and generally more attractive. Many skin care compositions (such as those comprising retinoic acid) cause such acceleration however in the process lead to skin irritation.

It is known in the art to use an exfoliant composition to remove desquamated skin and stimulate the regeneration of epidermal cells. Such compositions restore the skin's aesthetic appearance and also enhances tactile properties such as smoothness. Treatment of the skin by an exfoliant may also facilitate the application of cosmetics and also the penetration of therapeutically active molecules through to viable skin cells.

While the skin can be cleansed with detergent-based compositions, these tend to cause drying of the skin without completely removing foreign matter.

The prior art provides exfoliant compositions in the form of gels, soaps, creams and the like having abrasive substances comprised of insoluble particles of a certain size and shape which act to scrub the skin surface and slough off dead skin cells. Such particles may be comprised of substances such as such synthetic microspheres or natural quartz particles After application to the skin, the particles are removed by wiping or rinsing. While such compositions clearly achieve the aim of mechanically desquamating the skin, it is known that individuals adverse effects such as redness, irritation, unpleasant tingling, slight pain, tightness of skin and the like. Furthermore, the particles may remain in the pores and hair follicles of the skin and thus cannot be totally removed, this leading to pore blockage and ultimately the formation of a comedo or pustule.

The adverse effects of prior art exfoliant compositions are generally most obvious on delicate areas of the body such as the neck and the face. Unfortunately, these areas are difficult to conceal, with individuals often suffering embarrassment from the obvious redness or f lakiness of their skin.

There is a clear need in the art for an exfoliant composition that is capable of removing dead skin cells from the face and neck in a manner such that adverse effects are ameliorated or evern completely avoid. There is a further need for exfoliant compositions having further therapeutic or cosmetic effects over and above those provided by the exfoliating agent. It is a further aspect of the present invention to provide an alternative to prior art exfoliant compositions.

The discussion of documents, acts, materials, devices, articles and the like is included in this specification solely for the purpose of providing a context for the present invention. It is not suggested or represented that any or all of these matters formed part of the prior art base or were common general knowledge in the field relevant to the present invention as it existed before the priority date of each claim of this application.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In one aspect, but not necessarily the broadest aspect the present invention provides an exfoliating skin treating composition comprising a plurality of particles obtained from the beans of a plant of the genus Coffea.

In one embodiment of the composition, the Coffea bean particles have a mean particle size of between about 1 micron and 1000 microns.

In one embodiment of the composition, less than about 10% of the Coffea bean particles have a particle size greater than about 200 microns. In one embodiment of the composition, the Coffea bean particles comprise less than about 10% (w/w) of the composition.

In one embodiment, the composition comprises a mineral having a mean particle size of between about 1 μιη to about 100 μιη.

In one embodiment of the composition, the mineral is a clay mineral.

In one embodiment of the composition, the clay mineral is kaolinite.

In one embodiment of the composition, the mineral comprises less than about 10% (w/w) of the composition.

In one embodiment of the composition, the ratio of Coffea bean particles to mineral particles is between about 0.5:1 to about 1 :0.5.

In one embodiment, the composition comprises an extract of a seed or a fruit of a plant of the genus Rosa. In one embodiment, the composition comprises an extract of a seed or a fruit of a plant of the genus Cocos.

In one embodiment, the composition comprises an extract of a seed or a fruit of a plant of the genus Vitis.

In one embodiment, the composition comprises an extract of a fruit of a plant of the genus Prunus

In one embodiment, the composition comprises an extract of a stem of a plant of the genus Bambusa.

In one embodiment, the composition comprises an extract of a shell of a nut of a plant of the genus Juglans. In one embodiment, the composition comprises a butter extract of a plant of the genus Theobroma or Butyrospermum. In one embodiment, the composition comprises a honey from an insect of the genus Apis.

In one embodiment, the composition comprises a cosmetically or therapeutically acceptable excipient.

In one embodiment of the composition, the excipient is selected from the group consisting of glycerine, a gum, an alcohol, an emulsifier, a preservative, a buffer, a salt, a surfactant, and acid, and a base. In one embodiment, the composition has a viscosity of about 100,000 to 130,000 (6/5).

In one embodiment, the composition has a pH of between about 4.0 and about 6.0.

In a further aspect the present invention provides a method of exfoliating the skin of an animal, the method comprising the steps of applying the composition as described herein, and mobilizing the Coffea bean particles, and optionally the mineral particles, over the surface of the skin so as to remove dead skin cells.

In one embodiment, the method comprises the step of removing or rinsing the composition from the skin.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

After considering this description it will be apparent to one skilled in the art how the invention is implemented in various alternative embodiments and alternative applications. However, although various embodiments of the present invention will be described herein, it is understood that these embodiments are presented by way of example only, and not limitation. As such, this description of various alternative embodiments should not be construed to limit the scope or breadth of the present invention. Furthermore, statements of advantages or other aspects apply to specific exemplary embodiments, and not necessarily to all embodiments covered by the claims.

Throughout the description and the claims of this specification the word "comprise" and variations of the word, such as "comprising" and "comprises" is not intended to exclude other additives, components, integers or steps. Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, but may.

Applicant proposes that one or more problems of the prior art may be overcome or at least alleviated by providing means for a patient of a medical practice to be properly identified as a first step in managing the patient. Accordingly, in a first aspect, the present invention provides an exfoliating skin treating composition comprising a plurality of particles obtained from the beans of a plant of the genus Coffea, preferably having a mean particle size of between about 1 micron and about 200 microns. In one embodiment, the particles have a mean particle size of less than about 190, 180, 170, 160, 150, 140, 130, 120, 1 10, 100, 90, 80, 70, 60, 50, 40, 30, 20 or 10 micrometers.

It has been found that Coffea bean particles with a relatively small particle size (such as found in Coffee bean powders) are useful as exfoliating agents for delicate areas of the skin such as the face, the neck and the upper torso area (where the subject is female, the decolletage). While coffee beans have been known to be useful in exfoliation, only relatively coarse coffee grounds have been used in the prior art. While effective, Applicant has discovered that it is the coarseness of the grounds that leads to skin irritation in sensitive areas. Furthermore, it has been discovered that the larger grounds do not easily rinse from the skin surface leading to pore clogging and the well known sequelae of irritation, redness, pimples, pustules, comedos, infection and the like.

It is surprising that the relatively small Coffea bean particles are effective exfoliating agents. It is assumed in the art that very finely divided particles provide a smoothness (and even a lubricative effect). Without wishing to be limited by theory in any way, Applicant proposes that the surface structure of the Coffea bean particles have a coarseness (although only a limited coarseness) at the lower macroscopic and upper microscopic level which assists in the gentle removal of dead skin cells. The very high surface area provided by a relatively small particle acts to provide a large area which repeatedly contacts the skin as it is mobilized over the skin by the user gently rubbing or massaging the composition. This is very different to prior art compositions where the larger particle size act more so to drag across and scratch the surface of the skin. Moreover, it is proposed that the smaller particle sizes are less likely to block a skin pore. As will be appreciated, with reference to skin anatomy, skin pores are relatively large structures into which other relatively large structures (such as coarse coffee grounds) may lodge. By contrast, smaller particles are physically incapable of wedging within a pore and a relatively easy to flush away by simple rinsing.

For reasons of economy and ease of application, it is found that compositions comprising Coffea bean particles comprise of less than about 10% (w/w) of the composition are effective. Moreover, it is proposed that this relatively low level even further limits the ability of pores to clog by providing a composition which is more easily rinsed from the skin. It will be appreciated however, that utility will be found in compositions having less than about 70%, 60%, 50%, 40%, 30%, 20% (w/w) of Coffea bean particles.

In addition to the advantages in exfoliation, the relatively small Coffea bean particles have a greater propensity for releasing active molecules onto the skin. For example, caffeine molecules are able to readily diffuse from the large surface area provided by the small particles of Coffea bean. The alkaloid stimulates the degradation of fats during lipolysis through inhibition of the phosphodiesterase activity. Caffeine also has potent antioxidant properties helping protect against ultraviolet radiation thereby slowing the process of photoaging of the skin. Moreover, caffeine increases the microcirculation of blood in the skin.

Thus, the provision of relatively small Coffea bean particles provides the entirely unexpected dual advantages of (i) exfoliation leading to epidermal cell desquamation leading to increase nascent epidermal cell product, in combination with (ii) enhanced delivery of caffeine to the skin leading to enhanced microcirculation. Increased microcirculation acts synergistically to further assist in the growth of nascent skin cells.

The present compositions may further comprise a mineral of very fine particle size, in the micrometer region. In one embodiment, the particles are of a smaller size than those used in the usual coarse grinding of coffee (i.e. less than about 1 ,000 microns). In one embodiment, the particles are of a smaller size than those used in the usual grinding of coffee for drip use (i.e. less than about 600, 700, 800 or 900 microns). In one embodiment, the particles are of a smaller size than those used in the usual grinding of coffee for vacuum use (i.e. less than about 500 or 600 microns). In one embodiment, the particles are of a smaller size than those used in the usual grinding of coffee for espresso (i.e. less than about 200, 300 or 400 microns). In one embodiment, the particles are of a smaller size than those used in the pulverising of coffee (i.e. less than about 1 00 microns).

Particle sizes in the range of 1 μπι to about 100 μιη are preferred. An advantage of this form of the composition is that the mineral particles act to facilitate mobilization of the Coffea bean particles over the surface of the skin. The very fine mineral particles act as a lubricant to substantially inhibit any dragging of the Coffea bean particles across the skin during application, leading to undesired scratching effects. This lubricating effect of the fine mineral particles acts to further lessen any irritating effect of the present exfoliating compositions on the skin.

The mineral may be any finely divided mineral deemed suitable by the skilled person having the benefit of the present specification and may include a magnesium silicate, mica, dolomite, calcite, nahcolite, hemimorphite.

Preferably the mineral is natural clay such as kaolinite or bentonite. A particular further advantage of kaolinite is that a slight drying function is provided so as to assist in the removal of surface oils from the skin. Kaolinite is a clay mineral, part of the group of industrial minerals, with the chemical composition AI₂Si20₅(OH)4. It is a layered silicate mineral, with one tetrahedral sheet linked through oxygen atoms to one octahedral sheet of alumina octahedra. Rocks that are rich in kaolinite are known as kaolin or china clay.

Furthermore kaolin imparts a creamy look and feel to the composition, thereby lightening the darker colour and gritty texture afforded by the Coffea bean particles. This improves consumer perception and experience of the composition.

The mineral particles may be present in the composition at any amount, including less than about 70%, 60%, 50%, 40%, 30%, 20% (w/w). Adequate advantage is gained where the mineral particles are present at a level of less than about 10% (w/w).

Thus, it will be seen that the mineral particles provide a further synergism with the relatively small Coffea bean particles with respect to avoiding the problems of skin irritation inherent in prior art exfoliating compositions. In some compositions, the weight ratio of Coffea bean particles to mineral particles is optimized (or partially optimized) so as to improve performance. Given the benefit of the present disclosure, the skilled person will appreciate that the lubricative effect of the mineral particles is better provided where sufficient amount of mineral (relative to the amount of Coffea bean particles) is provided so as to assist in the mobilization of the Coffea bean particles over the skin surface. Generally speaking, ratios of around 1 :1 are effective, although ratios of between about 0.5:1 to about 1 :0.5 are also contemplated. A unit weight of mineral particles will contain a much greater number of particles than a unit weight of Coffea bean particles. Thus, the smooth mobilization of each Coffea bean particle may be assisted by multiple mineral particles.

The composition may comprise an extract of a seed or a fruit of a plant of the genus Rosa. In an exemplary form of the composition, the extract is a Rosa canina fruit oil. The oil contains provitamin A (mostly beta-Carotene), tretinoin, vitamin C, linoleic acid or omega-6, and linolenic acid or omega-3, all of which are effective improving skin. The increase in microcirculation of the skin resulting from the present compositions (due to the improved delivery of caffeine by the relatively small Coffea bean particles) acts synergistically with the cocoa butter to in turn improve delivery of the skin-effective compounds in the butter to achieve the desired improvements to the skin.

The composition may comprise an extract of a seed or a fruit of a plant of the genus Cocos. In an exemplary form of the composition, the extract is a Cocos Nucifera oil. Coconut oil (or copra oil) is typically used in a refined, bleached, and deodorized form extracted from dried coconut kernel. The dried copra is placed in a hydraulic press with added heat and the oil is extracted. Another method for extraction of a coconut oil involves the enzymatic action of alpha-amylase, polygalacturonases, and proteases on diluted coconut paste. The oil assists in lubrication of the exfoliating agents in their mobilization across the skin, thereby limiting damage to the lower, viable layers of skin cells.

The composition may comprise an extract of a seed or a fruit of a plant of the genus Vitis. In an exemplary form of the composition, the extract is a Vitis vinifera seed oil. The oil provides a source of linoleic acid which is a fatty acid component of cell membranes. As mentioned elsewhere in this specification, the exfoliating effects of the present compositions act to stimulate nascent skin cell growth, and it is proposed that the linoleic acid acts synergistically to assist in the growth of new cells by way of supporting cell membrane production.

Furthermore, grape seed oil contains skin-effective substances such as vitamin A. The increase in microcirculation of the skin resulting from the present compositions acts synergistically with the vitamin A to in turn improve delivery of the vitamin to achieve the desired improvements to the skin. The composition may comprise an extract of a fruit of a plant of the genus Prunus. In an exemplary form of the composition, the extract is a Prunus Amylgdalus Dulcis oil. "Oleum amygdalae", the fixed oil, is prepared from either sweet or bitter almonds and is a glyceryl oleate, with a slight odour and a nutty taste. Almond oil is a rich source of skin -effective compounds such as monounsaturated oleic acid (an omega-9 fatty acid), linoleic acid (a polyunsaturated omega-6 essential fatty acid), various saturated fatty acids, proteins, vitamin E, magnesium and calcium. These compounds are useful in the regeneration of skin cells that is stimulated by the exfoliating agents of the present compositions, and accordingly act synergistically with the exfoliants to improve skin.

The composition may comprise an extract of a stem of a plant of the genus Bambusa. In an exemplary form of the composition, the extract is a Bambusa Arundinacea stem powder. These bamboo species form natural silica deposits which can assist in the exfoliating function of the overall composition. Furthermore, the silica compounds contained therein have skin-effective properties acting remineralize collagenous structures and well as positively affecting acne and skin wrinkles.

The composition may comprise an extract of a shell of a nut of a plant of the genus Juglans. In an exemplary form of the composition, the extract is a Juglans Regio nut shell powder. Walnut shell powder is prepared by controlled grinding of the shells of walnuts. It is compatible with anionic, non-ionic and cationic surfactants. The powder is included to assist in the exfoliating function of the overall composition. The fine particles (typically 40 mesh / 100 mesh) compliment the Coffea bean particles in removing dead skin cells to rejuvenate the skin.

The composition may comprise a butter extract of a plant of the genus Theobroma or Butyrospermum. In an exemplary form of the composition, the extract is a Theobroma cacao seed butter. Cocoa butter is obtained from whole cocoa beans, which are fermented, roasted, and then separated from their hulls. Chocolate liquor is pressed to separate the cocoa butter from the cocoa solids. The Broma process is used to extract cocoa butter from ground cacao beans. The cocoa butter may be deodorized to remove strong or undesirable odours. Cocoa butter contains a high proportion of saturated fats, derived from stearic and palmitic acids. It is also high in skin-effective agents such as antioxidants. The increase in microcirculation of the skin resulting from the present compositions (due to the improved delivery of caffeine by the relatively small Coffea bean particles) acts synergistically with the cocoa butter to in turn improve delivery of the skin-effective compounds in the butter to achieve the desired improvements to the skin. In another exemplary form of the composition, the extract is a Butyrospermum parkii butter. Shea butter is extracted from the nut of the African shea tree, and is a cream-colored substance exhibiting soothing and moisturizing properties to the skin. The moisturizing agents in shea butter are similar to those secreted by the sebaceous glands of the skin. Also provided are skin-effective compounds such as vitamin A, like vitamin E, polyphenols and phytonutrients. The increase in microcirculation of the skin resulting from the present compositions (due to the improved delivery of caffeine by the relatively small Coffea bean particles) acts synergistically with the Shea butter to in turn improve delivery of the skin- effective compounds in the butter to achieve the desired improvements to the skin. The composition may comprise a honey or honey extract from an insect of the genus Apis. Bee honey is a source of many skin-effective compounds including vitamins, minerals and antioxidants. As discussed elsewhere herein, the exfoliating agent(s) act to remove dead skin cells, expose the viable cells to surrounding skin-effective compounds and also to stimulate the generation of nascent skin cells to renew the skin. Furthermore, the increase in microcirculation to the skin allows for the more efficient of uptake and distribution of surrounding skin effective compounds. Thus, the honey act synergistically with the exfoliants to provide, transport and distribute skin-effective compounds to the skin for the ultimate benefits disclosed elsewhere herein. The composition may comprise a dermatologically acceptable excipient.

As used herein, the term "dermatologically acceptable excipient" includes without limitation any adjuvant, carrier, glidant, diluent, preservative, dye/colorant, flavor enhancer, surfactant, wetting agent, dispersing agent, suspending agent, stabilizer, isotonic agent, solvent, or emulsifier, including those approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration as being acceptable for dermatological or therapeutic use on humans, or which are known, or are suitable for use in dermatological compositions.

The composition is preferably formulated so as to minimise skin irritation will still ensuring an appropriate environment for the transport of caffeine into the skin and/or the regeneration of the skin, and/or the removal of debris from the skin, and/or the transport of skin -effective compounds into the skin. As required, and with the benefit of the present specification the skilled person is enabled to decide whether or not any buffer or salt is required to provide a required pH of ionic strength for the composition. Acceptable salts include those salts which retain the biological effectiveness and properties of the free acids, which are not biologically or otherwise undesirable. These salts are prepared from addition of an inorganic base or an organic base to the free acid. Salts derived from inorganic bases include, but are not limited to, the sodium, potassium, lithium, ammonium, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, manganese, aluminum salts and the like. Preferred inorganic salts are the ammonium, sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium salts. Salts derived from organic bases include, but are not limited to, salts of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines, substituted amines including naturally occurring substituted amines, cyclic amines and basic ion exchange resins, such as ammonia, isopropylamine, trimethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, tripropylamine, diethanolamine, ethanolamine, 2-dimethylaminoethanol, 2- diethylaminoethanol, dicyclohexylamine, lysine, arginine, histidine, caffeine, procaine, hydrabamine, choline, betaine, benethamine, benzathine, ethylenediamine, glucosamine, methylglucamine, theobromine, triethanolamine, tromethamine, purines, piperazine, piperidine, N-ethylpiperidine, polyamine resins and the like. The composition is preferably formulated so as to be on the acidic side of neutral. The pH value is adjusted to about 4.8 to 5.2 using an acid, such as a food acid. The acid for adjusting the pH value can be any conventionally used organic or inorganic acid or mixtures thereof, and is preferably citric acid. Furthermore, a buffering agent may be included so as to maintain pH at a predetermined level. Useful agents for adjusting pH, buffering or otherwise altering the ionic conditions of a composition include (by name, CAS No., ELINCS No); 1 ,6-hexanediamine 124-09-4 ,204- 679-6; 2-aminobutanol, 96-20-8, 202-488-2; acetic acid, 64-19-7, 200-580-7; acetyl mandelic acid, 51019-43-3 / 7322-88-5; adipic acid, 124-04-9, 204-673-3; alstonia scholaris bark extract, 91745-20-9, 294-689-7; aluminum glycinate, 13682-92-3 / 41354-48-7; aluminum lactate, 18917-91 -4, 242-670-9; aluminum triformate, 7360-53-4,230-898-1 ; aminoethyl propanediol, 1 15-70-8, 204-101 -2; aminomethyl propanediol, 1 15-69-5, 204-100- 7 ; aminomethyl propanol, 124-68-5, 204-709-8; aminopropanediol, 616-30-8, 210-475-8; ammonia, 7664-41 -7; 231 -635-3; ammonium acetate 631 -61 -8, 21 1 -162-9; ammonium bicarbonate, 1066-33-7, 213-91 1 -5; ammonium carbamate, 1 1 1 1 -78-0, 214-185-2; ammonium carbonate, 10361 -29-2, 233-786-0; ammonium chloride, 12125-02-9 , 235-186- 4; ammonium glycolate 35249-89-9; ammonium hydroxide, 1336-21 -6, 215-647-6; ammonium lactate, 515-98-0, 208-214-8; ammonium molybdate 12054-85-2; ammonium nitrate 6484-52-2, 229-347-8; ammonium phosphate, 7722-76-1 , 231 -764-5; ammonium thiocyanate, 1762-95-4, 217-175-6; ammonium vanadate, 7803-55-6, 232-261 -3; ascorbic acid, 50-81 -7 / 62624-30-0, 200-066-2 / 263-644-3; azelaic acid, 123-99-9; 204-669; babassu acid; bakuhan; benzilic acid, 76-93-7, 200-993-2; bis-hydroxyethyl tromethamine, 6976-37-0, 230-237-7; bismuth citrate, 813-93-4, 212-390-1 ; boric acid, 10043-35-3 / 1 1 1 13- 50-1 , 233-139-2 / 234-343-4; butyl diethanolamine, 102-79-4, 203-055-0; calcium carbonate, 471 -34-1 , 207-439-9; calcium citrate 813-94-5, 212-391 -7; calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 7758-23-8, 231 -837-1 ; calcium glycinate, 35947-07-0, 252-809-5; calcium hydroxide, 1305- 62-0; 215-137-3; calcium lactate, 814-80-2, 212-406-7; calcium oxide, 1305-78-8 , 215-138- 9; calcium phosphate, 7758-23-8 / 10103-46-5, 231 -837-1 / 233-283-6; citric acid 77-92-9 / 5949-29-1 , 201 -069-1 ; clay minerals; copper glycinate, 32817-15-5, 251 -238-9; diammonium citrate, 3012-65-5, 221 -146-3; diammonium phosphate, 7783-28-0, 231 -987-8; dibutyl ethanolamine, 102-81 -8, 203-057-1 , diethyl ethanolamine, 100-37-8, 202-845-2; dimethyl isopropanolamine, 108-16-7, 203-556-4; dimethyl mea, 108-01 -0, 203-542-8; dioleoyl edetolmonium methosulfate, 1 1 1030-96-7; dioleyl phosphate, 14450-07-8,238-431 -3; dipotassium phosphate, 7758-1 1 -4, 231 -834-5; disodium fumarate, 17013-01 -3, 241 -087-7; disodium phosphate, 7558-79-4 / 7782-85-6, 231 -448-7; disodium pyrophosphate, 7758-16- 9, 231 -835-0; disodium tartrate ,868-18-8, 212-773-3; ethanolamine, 141 -43-5, 205-483-3; ethanolamine HCL, 2002-24-6, 217-900-6; ethyl ethanolamine, 1 10-73-6, 203-797-5; fumaric acid, 1 10-17-8, 203-743-0; galacturonic acid, 685-73-4, 21 1 -682-6; glucoheptonic acid, 23351 -51 -1 , 245-601 -0; gluconic acid, 526-95-4, 208-401 -4; glucuronic acid, 576-37-4; 209- 401 -7; glutaric acid, 1 10-94-1 , 203-817-2; glycine, 56-40-6, 200-272-2; glycolic acid, 79-14-1 201 -180-5; glyoxylic acid, 298-12-4, 206-058-5; guanidine carbonate, 593-85-1 , 209-813-7; guanidine HCI, 50-01 -1 , 200-002-3; hydrobromic acid, 10035-10-6, 233-1 13-0; hydrochloric acid, 7647-01 -0, 231 -595-7; hydroxyectoin, 165542-15-4, 442-870-8; hydroxyethylpiperazine ethane sulfonic acid, 7365-45-9, 230-907-9; imidazole, 288-32-4, 206-019-2; isobutyric acid, 79-31 -2, 201 -195-7; isopropanolamine, 78-96-6, 201 -162-7; isopropylamine 75-31 -0200- 860-9; lactic acid, 50-21 -5, 200-018-0; lactobionic acid, 96-82-2, 202-538-3; lauryl p-cresol ketoxime, 50652-76-1 ; lithium carbonate, 554-13-2, 209-062-5; lithium hydroxide, 1310-65-2, 215-183-4; magnesium acetate, 142-72-3, 205-554-9; magnesium carbonate hydroxide, 12125-28-9, 235-192-7; magnesium glycinate, 14783-68-7, 238-852-2; magnesium hydroxide, 1309-42-8, 215-170-3; magnesium lactate, 18917-93-6, 242-671 -4; magnesium oxide, 1309-48-4, 215-171 -9; maleic acid, 1 10-16-7, 203-742-5; malic acid, 97-67-6, 202- 601 -5; malonic acid, 141 -82-2, 205-503-0; maltobionic acid 534-42-9; mea-borate, 10377- 81 -8, 233-829-3; metaphosphoric acid, 37267-86-0, 253-433-4; methoxy peg- 100/polyepsilon caprolactone ethylhexanoate; methoxypeg-100/polyepsilon caprolactone palmitate; methoxy peg-1 14/polyepsilon caprolactone; methylethanolamine, 109-83-1 , 203- 710-0, monosodium citrate, 18996-35-5, 242-734-6; mudstone powder; paecilomyces japonica/g rape/cucumber juice extract ferment filtrate; pentapotassium triphosphate, 13845- 36-8, 237-574-9; pentasodium triphosphate, 7758-29-4, 231 -838-7; phenolsulfonphthalein, 143-74-8, 205-609-7; phenyl mercuric borate, 102-98-7, 203-068-1 ; phosphonobutanetricarboxylic acid, 37971 -36-1 , 253-733-5; phosphoric acid, 7664-38-2, 231 -633-2; phosphorus pentoxide, 1314-56-3, 215-236-1 ; potassium bicarbonate, 298-14-6, 206-059-0; potassium biphthalate, 877-24-7, 212-889-4; potassium bitartrate, 868-14-4, 212- 769-1 ; potassium borate, 1332-77-0, 215-575-5; potassium carbonate, 584-08-7, 209-529-3; potassium citrate, 866-84-2, 212-755-5; potassium hydroxide, 1310-58-3, 215-181 -3; potassium lactate, 996-31 -6 / 85895-78-9, 213-631 -3 / 288-752-8; potassium magnesium aspartate, 67528-13-6; potassium oxide, 12136-45-7, 235-227-6; potassium phosphate, 7778-77-0 / 16068-46-5, 231 -913-4 / 240-213-8; potassium sodium tartrate, 304-59-6, 206- 156-8; potassium tartrate, 921 -53-9, 213-067-8; propane tricarboxylic acid, 99-14-9 / 51750- 56-2, 202-733-3 ; quinic acid, 77-95-2 / 562-73-2 / 36413-60-2, 201 -072-8 / 209-233-4; ribonic acid, 17812-24-7; sebacic acid, 1 1 1 -20-6, 203-845-5; sesquiethoxytriethanolamine; sh-decapeptide-7; sodium acetate, 127-09-3, 204-823-8; sodium aluminate, 1302-42-7, 215- 100-1 ; sodium aluminum lactate, 68953-69-5, 273-223-6; sodium arachidate; sodium aspartate, 17090-93-6 / 3792-50-5, 241 -155-6 / 223-264-0; sodium bicarbonate, 144-55-8, 205-633-8; sodium bisulfate, 7681 -38-1 , 231 -665-7; sodium borate, 1330-43-4 / 1303-96-4 215-540-4; sodium butoxyethoxy acetate, 67990-17-4, 268-040-3 ; sodium calcium boron phosphate; sodium calcium copper phosphate; sodium calcium zinc phosphate; sodium carbonate, 497-19-8, 207-838-8; sodium citrate, 68-04-2 / 6132-04-3, 200-675-3; sodium esylate, 5324-47-0, 226-194-9; sodium formate, 141 -53-7, 205-488-0; sodium fumarate 5873-57-4 / 7704-73-6, 227-535-4 / 231 -725-2; sodium glycolate, 2836-32-0, 220-624-9; sodium humate, 68131 -04-4; sodium hydroxide, 1310-73-2, 215-185-5; sodium lactate, 72- 17-3 / 867-56-1 , 200-772-0 / 212-762-3; sodium metaphosphate, 10361 -03-2 / 50813-16-6, 233-782-9 / 256-779-4; sodium metasilicate, 6834-92-0, 229-912-9; sodium oxide, 1313-59- 3, 215-208-9; sodium phosphate, 7558-80-7 / 7632-05-5, 231 -449-2 / 231 -558-5; sodium sesquicarbonate, 533-96-0, 208-580-9; sodium silicate, 1344-09-8, 215-687-4; sodium succinate, 2922-54-5, 220-871 -2; sodium trimetaphosphate, 7785-84-4, 232-088-3; strontium hydroxide 18480-07-4 / 131 1 -10-0, 242-367-1 ; succinic acid, 1 10-15-6; 203-740-4 sulfuric acid, 7664-93-9, 231 -639-5; tartaric acid, 133-37-9 / 147-71 -7 / 87-69-4 ,205-105-7 / 205-695-6 / 201 -766-0; taurine, 107-35-7, 203-483-8; tea-diricinoleate/ipdi copolymer, 351425-02-0; tea-hydroiodide 7601 -53-8, 231 -508-2; tea-sulfate, 7376-31 -0, 230-934-6; tetrahydroxyethyl ethylenediamine, 140-07-8, 205-396-0; tetrapotassium pyrophosphate, 7320-34-5, 230-785-7; tetrasodium pyrophosphate, 7722-88-5, 231 -767-1 ; triethanolamine, 102-71 -6, 203-049-8; triisopropanolamine, 122-20-3, 204-528-4; trisodium phosphate; 7601 -54-9, 231 -509-8; trisodium sulfosuccinate, 13419-59-5, 236-524-3; triticum vulgare protein, 100684-25-1 , 309-696-3; triticum vulgare seed extract, 84012-44-2, 281 -689-7; tromethamine, 77-86-1 , 201 -064-4; urea, 57-13-6, 200-315-5; uric acid, 69-93-2, 200-720-7; zinc carbonate hydroxide, 150607-22-0; zinc glycinate, 14281 -83-5, 238-173-1 ; zinc hexametaphosphate, 13566-15-9, 236-967-2; and zinc magnesium aspartate.

Where a surfactant is included, the surfactant can be any conventionally used anionic, cationic, nonionic, zwitterionic or amphetoric surfactant or mixtures thereof, and may be a sodium C14-16 olefin sulfonate.

The composition may be formulated as a simple aqueous solution/suspension but is preferably formulated with the assistance is a viscosity-increasing agent such as a gum, a gel, an agar, or a hydrogel. The exfoliating particles of the composition are advantageously formulated in a manner preventing sedimentation during storage, with higher viscosity formulations

The present compositions may be formulated as a cream (with an aqueous or non-aqueous base, or a mixed base - oil in water or water in oil), a foam, a foaming solution, a lotion, a balm, a soap, a serum, or a cleanser.

In preferred embodiments of the composition some, most or all ingredients are naturally obtained and/or certified organic and/or certified to not contain material from a genetically engineered organism.

The present compositions are typically implemented by the user by gently rubbing or massaging the composition onto the skin of an animal. In the context of the present invention the term "animal" is intended to include without limitation any mammal such as a human, primate, domestic animal, beast of burden, zoo animal, agriculturally or economically significant animal. As will be appreciated, given the aesthetic and functional advantages of the present compositions as disclosed herein it is the primary intention that the compositions are formulated so as to be useful in application to humans, and in particular the skin of the face or upper torso. Circular motions may be used so as to more comprehensively remove dead skin cells or other debris on the skin surface. The skin may be wetted prior to application of the composition. After a period of mobilizing the Coffea bean particles by massage or rubbing, the composition (and dislodged skin cells) are removed by way of wiping and/or rinsing. It is preferred that steps are taken to ensure that substantial all material is removed from the face.

The composition may be used in a dermatologically effective amount, which refers to that amount which, when administered dermatologically (i.e., topically) to an animal, is sufficient to effect the desired exfoliating effect. The amount of composition which constitutes a dermatologically effective amount may vary depending on, the condition of the skin and the need for exfoliation, and the age of the animal to be treated, but can be determined routinely by one of ordinary skill in the art having regard to his own knowledge and to this disclosure.

It will be appreciated that in the description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, various features of the invention are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure and aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various inventive aspects. This method of disclosure, however, is not to be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed invention requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive aspects lie in less than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Thus, the claims following are hereby expressly incorporated into this Summary section, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of this invention.

Furthermore, while some embodiments described herein include some but not other features included in other embodiments, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention, and form different embodiments, as would be understood by those in the art. For example, in the following claims, any of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination.

In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. However, it is understood that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.

Thus, while there has been described what are believed to be the preferred embodiments of the invention, those skilled in the art will recognize that other and further modifications may be made thereto without departing from the spirit of the invention, and it is intended to claim all such changes and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention. Steps may be added or deleted to methods described within the scope of the present invention. Although the invention has been described with reference to specific examples, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention may be embodied in many other forms.

The present invention will now be more fully described by reference to the following non- limiting preferred embodiments.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

Face Scrub Composition 1 and use thereof The following ingredients were used in the composition, and at the stated percentages (which are cited w/w) in Table 1 , below.

* natural

*^♦ C Iisd Orgcs*: ctstteS The composition was prepared by combining all ingredients in a mix tank, and heating from between 65 degrees and 75 degrees and mixed until a composition of smooth consistency is obtained. The face scrub composition detailed supra was used by a cohort of 10 female subjects three times per week for a period of one month. The subjects avoided other facial products immediately before and over the trial period.

The subjects followed direction to apply approximately 5 grams of the composition to a wetted face, and gently massage the exfoliant particles across the surface of the face for a period of two minutes, followed by thorough rinsing.

At the end of four weeks, all subjects reported smoother skin and a generally improved complexion. Importantly, no subject showed any sign of skin irritation either immediately after use, or at a later time. Face Scrub Composition 2 and use thereof.

A composition was prepared using the ingredients of Table 1 , with the exception of the Kaolin white clay.

This face scrub composition was used by a cohort of 10 female subjects three times per week for a period of one month. The subjects avoided other facial products immediately before and over the trial period.

The subjects followed direction to apply approximately 5 grams of the composition to a wetted face, and gently massage the exfoliant particles across the surface of the face for a period of two minutes, followed by thorough rinsing. At the end of four weeks, all subjects reported smoother skin and a generally improved complexion. Two subjects showed very low level skin irritation (slight redness) immediately after use, although the irritation resolved within 1 hour in each case. Both subjects reported that the irritation was at a much lower level than that resulting from facial exfoliation products previously used. Face Scrub Composition 3 and use thereof.

A composition was prepared using the ingredients of Table 1 , with the exception of the bamboo stem powder, the wallnut shell powder. Thus, the only ingredients capable of mechanical exfoliation are the coffee bean powder and, to a lesser extent, the kaolin white clay.

This face scrub composition was used by a cohort of 10 female subjects three times per week for a period of one month. The subjects avoided other facial products immediately before and over the trial period. The subjects followed direction to apply approximately 5 grams of the composition to a wetted face, and gently massage the exfoliant particles across the surface of the face for a period of two minutes, followed by thorough rinsing.

At the end of four weeks, all subjects reported smoother skin and a generally improved complexion. There were no reports of any skin irritation.

Claims

CLAIMS:

1 . A skin treating composition comprising caffeine in the form of a coffee seed extract in combination with a skin moisturizing agent.

2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the seed extract is or comprises an oil.

3. The composition of claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the extract comprises caffeine and/or an antioxidant.

4. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the extract is obtained from a green and/or unroasted coffee bean.

5. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 4 comprising one or more further plant extract(s), the extract(s) comprising a skin active agent selected from the group consisting of an antioxidant, an anti-inflammatory, and antifungal, and an antibacterial.

6. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 5 comprising a butter extract of a plant of the genus Cacao or Butyrospermum.

7. The composition of claim 6 comprising one or more tocopherols.

8. The composition of claim 7 wherein at least one of the one or more tocopherols has vitamin E activity.

9. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 8 comprising an extract of a seed or a fruit of a plant of the genus Cocos.

10. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 9 comprising an extract of a seed or a fruit of a plant of the genus Vitis.

1 1 . The composition of any one of claims 1 to 10 comprising an extract of a fruit of a plant of the genus Prunus

12. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 1 1 comprising an extract of a plant of the genus Aloe.

13. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 12 comprising an extract of a plant of the genus Glycyrrhiza .

14. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 9 comprising squalene or squalane.

15. The composition of claim 14 wherein the squalene is present in an amount of at least about 5% (w/w).

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16. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 15 comprising a cosmetically or therapeutically acceptable excipient.

17. The composition of claim 16 wherein the excipient is selected from the group consisting of glycerine, a gum, an alcohol, an emulsifier, a preservative, a buffer, a salt, a surfactant, an acid, and a base.

18. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 17 having a viscosity of about 18,000 to 13,000 (6/5).

19. The composition of any one of claims 1 to 18 having a pH of between about 4.0 and about 6.0.

20 A method of treating the skin of an animal, the method comprising the step of applying the composition of any one of claims 1 to 19 to the skin of an animal in need thereof.

21 . The method of claim 20 wherein the skin of the animal is in need of moisturizing, and/or a reduction in the level of an intracellular free radical, and/or a reduction in inflammation.

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