WO2016176961A1 - 显示面板及显示装置 - Google Patents

显示面板及显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016176961A1
WO2016176961A1 PCT/CN2015/091550 CN2015091550W WO2016176961A1 WO 2016176961 A1 WO2016176961 A1 WO 2016176961A1 CN 2015091550 W CN2015091550 W CN 2015091550W WO 2016176961 A1 WO2016176961 A1 WO 2016176961A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
substrate
liquid crystal
display panel
alignment
sub
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2015/091550
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王俊伟
陈维涛
崔晓鹏
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Beijing BOE Display Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Beijing BOE Display Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BOE Technology Group Co Ltd, Beijing BOE Display Technology Co Ltd filed Critical BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Priority to US15/036,021 priority Critical patent/US10168577B2/en
Publication of WO2016176961A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016176961A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/133707—Structures for producing distorted electric fields, e.g. bumps, protrusions, recesses, slits in pixel electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133512—Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/133753—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers with different alignment orientations or pretilt angles on a same surface, e.g. for grey scale or improved viewing angle
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/13378—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation
    • G02F1/133784—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation by rubbing
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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    • G02F1/1339—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells
    • G02F1/13392—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells spacers dispersed on the cell substrate, e.g. spherical particles, microfibres
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1339—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells
    • G02F1/13394—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells spacers regularly patterned on the cell subtrate, e.g. walls, pillars
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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    • G02F1/134363—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement for applying an electric field parallel to the substrate, i.e. in-plane switching [IPS]
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
    • G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
    • G02F1/136286—Wiring, e.g. gate line, drain line
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/133749—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers for low pretilt angles, i.e. lower than 15 degrees
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1339—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • G02F2201/123—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 electrode pixel

Definitions

  • At least one embodiment of the present invention is directed to a display panel and a display device.
  • a liquid crystal display is a mainstream display device including an array substrate and a counter substrate disposed opposite to each other and a liquid crystal layer disposed therebetween, and controlling liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer by controlling a voltage between the pixel electrode and the common electrode The degree of deflection controls the light.
  • the liquid crystal display may include a vertical electric field type liquid crystal display and a horizontal electric field type liquid crystal display. In the vertical electric field type liquid crystal display, the pixel electrode and the common electrode are respectively disposed on the array substrate and the opposite substrate, and in the horizontal electric field type liquid crystal display, the pixel electrode And the common electrode are disposed on the array substrate.
  • liquid crystal display an alignment film is provided on both the array substrate and the counter substrate for forming liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer to form an initial alignment direction.
  • Liquid crystal molecular orientation techniques include non-friction orientation techniques such as rubbing alignment techniques and ion beam etching induced orientation.
  • the initial orientation state of the liquid crystal molecules may include a horizontal orientation and a vertical orientation.
  • ADS Advanced Super Dimension Switch
  • the pixel electrode and the common electrode are both disposed on the array substrate, and the slit-shaped pixel electrode is disposed on the upper layer of the plate-shaped common electrode; and the initial alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules is a horizontal orientation.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a display panel and a display device to reduce the angle between the liquid crystal molecules and the horizontal direction of the horizontal electric field type liquid crystal display device under the L0 picture (ie, black screen), thereby improving the horizontal electric field type liquid crystal display device
  • the left and right view of the L0 screen is a problem of partial bias.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention provides a display panel including a first substrate, a second substrate, and a liquid crystal layer between the first alignment film and the second alignment film.
  • the first substrate includes a first substrate, a first alignment film disposed on the first substrate, and the a plurality of first alignment adjustment structures between the first substrate and the first alignment film, the first alignment film including a plurality of first portions respectively corresponding to the plurality of first alignment adjustment structures;
  • the first orientation adjusting structure includes a first surface facing the first alignment film, an undulation direction of the first surface, an undulation direction of each of the first portions, and the first alignment film in the liquid crystal layer The orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules is uniform.
  • the second substrate is disposed opposite to the first substrate, and includes a second substrate, a second alignment film disposed on the second substrate, and the second substrate and the second orientation a plurality of second alignment adjustment structures between the films, the second alignment films including a plurality of second portions respectively corresponding to the plurality of second alignment adjustment structures; each of the second orientation adjustment structures including facing the a second surface of the second alignment film, an undulation direction of the second surface, an undulation direction of each of the second portions, and an orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer by the second alignment film.
  • At least one embodiment of the present invention also provides a display device including the above display panel.
  • 1a is a schematic structural view of an ADS mode liquid crystal display device
  • FIG. 1b is a schematic diagram showing a difference between left and right viewing angles when a liquid crystal molecule has a pretilt angle
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3a is a schematic top view of a sub-pixel in an ADS mode according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • 3b is a schematic top view of a sub-pixel in an FFS mode according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view showing a first orientation adjusting structure and a spacer according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship of dimensions of each structure in a display panel according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a display panel according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1a is a schematic cross-sectional view of an ADS mode liquid crystal display device.
  • the ADS mode liquid crystal display device includes a counter substrate 10, an array substrate 20, and a liquid crystal layer 30.
  • the array substrate 20 is provided with slit electrodes 23 and plate electrodes 24, and the electric field lines formed are as indicated by curved arrows in the figure.
  • the alignment direction of the alignment film 12 on the counter substrate 10 with respect to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 30 (as indicated by the arrow on the upper side) from left to right, the alignment direction of the alignment film 22 on the array substrate 20 with respect to the liquid crystal molecules (see below) The arrow is shown) from right to left.
  • liquid crystal molecules will have a certain pretilt angle (TBA) on the surface of the alignment film, that is, the orientation direction of the alignment film to the liquid crystal molecules and the liquid crystal.
  • TSA pretilt angle
  • the liquid crystal director is related to the orientation process. For example, for the rubbing orientation, the liquid crystal director is tilted upward in the rubbing direction, and for the ion beam etching induced orientation, the liquid crystal director is tilted upward in the opposite direction of the etching beam.
  • the arrow located above indicates the orientation direction of the alignment film 12 on the opposite substrate 10 to the liquid crystal molecules, which is located below.
  • the arrow indicates the alignment direction of the alignment film 22 on the array substrate 20 with respect to the liquid crystal molecules, and the liquid crystal molecules are deflected to the upper left with respect to the horizontal direction.
  • the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer usually form a pretilt angle of about 2 to 3 (i.e., an angle between the liquid crystal layer and the horizontal direction).
  • the inventors of the present application have noticed that for a horizontal electric field type liquid crystal display device such as an ADS mode, since the pretilt angle of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 30 cannot be 0°, it is on the L0 picture (ie, black screen).
  • both the left viewing angle and the right viewing angle are ⁇
  • the liquid crystal has a pretilt angle ⁇ (ie, between the liquid crystal layer 30 and the horizontal direction).
  • the angle of the actual angle is ⁇ + ⁇
  • the actual left angle of view is ⁇ - ⁇
  • the actual left and right viewing angles are different by 2 ⁇ , resulting in different ⁇ n of the left and right viewing angles.
  • the thickness of the liquid crystal layer also referred to as the thickness of the liquid crystal cell, is not equal, which causes a problem that the horizontal electric field type liquid crystal display device such as the ADS mode is severely conspicuous in the L0 screen, and the right side is blueish and the left side is yellowish. And the phenomenon of serious light leakage.
  • the common technical means for solving the color shift problem include: using a compensation film, controlling the outgoing light of the backlight, and adopting a photo-alignment technique.
  • the method of using the compensation film is costly and requires consideration of the high and low temperature reliability of the compensation film; the method of controlling the light emitted from the backlight is costly, requires the use of a high cost film and requires a collimated backlight; and adopts a photo-alignment technique.
  • the approach to IPS and FFS mode is not yet mature and the cost of materials and equipment is high.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a display panel and a display device.
  • the alignment film on each of the array substrate and the opposite substrate is disposed such that the alignment film on each substrate is inclined with respect to the horizontal direction, thereby causing liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer.
  • the alignment tends to be horizontal, that is, the angle between the liquid crystal molecules and the horizontal direction is closer to 0°, so that the problem of the left and right large-view character bias in the L0 screen of the horizontal electric field type liquid crystal display device can be improved.
  • the present embodiment provides a display panel including a first substrate 100 , a second substrate 200 , and a liquid crystal layer 300 disposed between the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 200 .
  • the first substrate 100 includes a first substrate 110 and a first substrate 110 An alignment film 120 and a plurality of first alignment adjustment structures 150 disposed between the first substrate 110 and the first alignment film 120, the first alignment film 120 respectively corresponding to the plurality of first alignment adjustment structures 150 A plurality of first portions 121 (shown by dashed lines in FIG. 2).
  • Each of the first alignment adjustment structures 150 includes a first surface 151 facing the first alignment film 120, and an undulation direction of the first surface 151, an undulation direction of each of the first portions 121, and a first alignment film 120 in the liquid crystal layer 300
  • the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules coincides.
  • the second substrate 200 is disposed opposite to the first substrate 100, and includes a second substrate 210, a second alignment film 220 disposed on the second substrate 210, and the second substrate 210 and the second alignment film 220.
  • Each of the second alignment adjustment structures 250 includes a second surface 252 facing the second alignment film 220, an undulation direction of the second surface 252, an undulation direction of each of the second portions 221, and a second alignment film 220 in the liquid crystal layer 300.
  • the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules (as indicated by the arrows from the right to the left in FIG. 2) coincides.
  • each alignment film forms an inclined surface corresponding to the first surface/second surface, and the undulation direction of each inclined surface is
  • the orientation direction of the alignment film is uniform for the liquid crystal molecules, and therefore, the angle between the liquid crystal molecules and the horizontal direction (the direction parallel to the first/second substrate in FIG. 2) is reduced, even to 0°, which makes the display
  • the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer (that is, the angle between the liquid crystal molecules and the horizontal direction) can be close to or equal to 0°, so that the horizontal electric field liquid crystal display device can be prevented from staring at the L0 screen.
  • the undulation direction of a structure refers to the direction from the top projection of the structure on the substrate substrate where the structure is located to the orthographic projection of the bottom end of the structure on the substrate.
  • the top end of a structure refers to the end of the structure that is furthest from the substrate on which it is placed.
  • the bottom end of a structure refers to the end of the structure that is closest to the substrate on which it is placed.
  • the undulating direction of the first surface 151 refers to the orthographic projection from the top end P of the first surface 151 on the first substrate 110 to the bottom end Q of the first surface 151 at the first The direction of the orthographic projection on the base substrate 110.
  • the undulation direction of the first surface 151 is from left to right.
  • the undulating direction of the second surface 252 refers to the top of the second surface 252.
  • the front projection of the end P' on the second substrate 210 is directed to the direction of the orthographic projection of the bottom end Q' of the second surface 252 on the second substrate 210.
  • the undulating direction of the second surface 252 is from right to left.
  • the side of the alignment film facing the liquid crystal layer is usually provided with an orientation structure such as a groove.
  • the undulation direction of each portion of the alignment film is for the whole of the portion, and the orientation structure can be ignored. influences.
  • the orientation directions of the liquid crystal molecules by the two alignment films respectively disposed on the first and second substrates may be parallel or antiparallel in the same direction.
  • the orientation directions of the liquid crystal molecules by the first alignment film 120 and the second alignment film 220 in FIG. 2 are merely examples. However, the embodiment is not limited thereto.
  • the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules by the first alignment film 120 and the second alignment film 220 may also be opposite to the case shown in FIG. 2, that is, the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules by the first alignment film 120 may be from right to left.
  • the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules by the second alignment film 220 may be from left to right.
  • first substrate and the second substrate is an array substrate, and the other is an opposite substrate.
  • the opposite substrate is a color film substrate;
  • the first substrate and the second substrate may be a glass substrate or a quartz substrate.
  • the first alignment film and the second alignment film may be fabricated by materials and orientation processes commonly used in the art, and are not described herein.
  • each of the orientation adjustment structures may be fabricated from a transparent material to avoid affecting the aperture ratio.
  • the first substrate 100 includes a plurality of sub-pixels arranged in a matrix disposed on the first substrate 110 (for example, including a red sub-pixel R, a green sub-pixel G, and a blue sub-pixel B).
  • Black Matrix (BM) may include a plurality of first extensions and a plurality of second extensions that intersect each other to form a grid shape, and sub-pixels may be disposed at the opening of the grid, as shown in FIG. There is a black matrix 130.
  • a first functional layer 105 including a plurality of first alignment adjustment structures 150 and a first alignment film 120 covering the first functional layer 105 are sequentially disposed on the sub-pixels and the black matrix 130.
  • the material of the first functional layer 105 may include silicon nitride, silicon oxide, resin, or the like.
  • the first orientation adjustment structure 150 may be a convex or concave structure formed using the material of the first functional layer 105.
  • the second substrate 200 includes a plate-shaped common electrode 240 sequentially disposed on the second substrate 210, an insulating layer 234 (for example, a stack of a gate insulating layer and a passivation layer), and is disposed on the insulating layer.
  • the material of the second functional layer 205 may include silicon nitride, silicon oxide, resin, or the like.
  • the second orientation adjustment structure 250 may be a raised or recessed structure formed using the material of the second functional layer 205.
  • any one of the sub-pixel and the black matrix may be disposed on the first substrate or the second substrate.
  • 2 shows an example in which one red sub-pixel R, one green sub-pixel G, one blue sub-pixel B, and a black matrix 130 are provided on the first substrate 100 as an example.
  • the display panel provided in this embodiment is applicable to a horizontal electric field type liquid crystal display panel, and thus one of the first substrate and the second substrate includes a pixel electrode and a common electrode; the substrate including the pixel electrode and the common electrode is an array substrate, and the other substrate is Counter substrate.
  • the pixel electrode and the common electrode may be disposed in the same film layer in an IPS mode; the pixel electrode and the common electrode may also be disposed in different film layers in an ADS mode or an FFS mode.
  • ADS mode one of the pixel electrode and the common electrode is a slit electrode and the other is a plate electrode; in the FFS mode, both the pixel electrode and the common electrode are slit electrodes.
  • the pixel electrode may be disposed on the upper layer and the common electrode may be disposed on the lower layer, or the pixel electrode may be disposed on the lower layer and the common electrode is disposed on the upper layer.
  • the second substrate 200 includes a slit-shaped pixel electrode 230 and a plate-shaped common electrode 240 as an example.
  • each orientation adjusting structure for example, the tilting direction, the tilting angle, and the shape of the first/second surface, etc.
  • each first portion 121 may be parallel to the first surface 151 of the corresponding first orientation adjustment structure 150; and/or the face of each second portion 221 may be parallel to the corresponding second
  • the orientation adjustment structure 250 includes a second surface 252.
  • the first surface 151 included in each of the first orientation adjusting structures 150 may be bonded to the first alignment film 120; and/or the second surface 252 included in each of the second alignment adjusting structures 250 may be combined with the second alignment film 220 fit together. That is, the film layer where the first surface 151 is located and the film layer where the first alignment film 120 is located are adjacent film layers; and/or the film layer where the second surface 252 is located and the film layer where the second alignment film 220 is located It is an adjacent film layer.
  • each orientation adjustment structure can be produced by using an insulating layer adjacent to each alignment film.
  • an orientation structure such as a groove is usually provided on the side of the alignment film facing the liquid crystal layer, and the plane in which the respective portions of the alignment film are located is such that the influence of the orientation structure can be ignored for the entirety of the portion.
  • the alignment film may be formed on the insulating material or may be formed on the non-insulating material.
  • the second alignment adjustment structure 250 may also be formed using an insulating layer such as a passivation layer between the pixel electrode 230 and the common electrode 240, in which case the second alignment film 220 may be formed at The layer on which the pixel electrode 230 is located.
  • each sub-pixel may correspond to at least one first surface and at least one second surface, ie, corresponding to at least one first orientation adjustment structure and at least one second orientation adjustment structure. Since liquid crystal domains may be formed at the boundary of adjacent alignment adjustment structures on the same substrate (ie, the arrangement of liquid crystals is more complicated than other regions), each sub-pixel may correspond to 1 to 5 in order to avoid affecting the aperture ratio as much as possible. The first orientation adjustment structure and the 1 to 5 second orientation adjustment structures.
  • each sub-pixel may correspond to at least one first surface 151 and at least one second surface 252, and the first surface 151 and the second surface 252 may have a one-to-one correspondence (ie, the first orientation adjustment structure 150 and the second orientation adjustment structure) 250 one-to-one correspondence), in this case, the first alignment adjustment structure 150 may face the surface of the liquid crystal layer 300 (for example, the first surface 151) and the second alignment adjustment structure 250 face the surface of the liquid crystal layer 300 (for example, the second The surfaces 252) are disposed in parallel with each other to minimize the influence of the orientation adjusting structure on the thickness of the liquid crystal layer, and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 300 is kept as uniform as possible, thereby minimizing the left viewing when viewing from the left and right angles of view.
  • the optical path difference from the right view is used to avoid the problem of the large-view character bias of the display panel under the L0 screen.
  • the second orientation adjustment structure 250 may also face the surface of the liquid crystal layer 300 at the first
  • the orthographic projection on the base substrate 110 coincides with the orthographic projection of the surface of the first alignment adjusting structure 150 facing the liquid crystal layer 300 on the first substrate 110. This can ensure that the surfaces of the first and second orientation adjusting structures facing the liquid crystal layer are not only parallel to each other, but also have the same shape and size, so that the orientation adjusting structure can be further prevented from affecting the thickness of the liquid crystal layer, and the uniformity of the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is ensured, thereby further Help to avoid color cast.
  • each sub-pixel may correspond to a first surface 151 and a second surface 252, and each of the first surface 151 and each of the second surfaces 252 corresponds to one sub-pixel. That is, the sub-pixel, the first surface 151 and the second surface 252 are in one-to-one correspondence, so that the sub-pixel, the first orientation adjustment structure 150 and the second orientation adjustment structure 250 also correspond one-to-one.
  • the edge of the surface of each of the first alignment adjusting structures 150 facing the liquid crystal layer 300 and the edge of the surface of each of the second alignment adjusting structures 250 facing the liquid crystal layer 300 may be located between adjacent sub-pixels. This makes the boundary of the adjacent alignment adjustment structure correspond to the black matrix region between the sub-pixels, so that the liquid crystal domains at the interface can be prevented from affecting the display effect as much as possible.
  • At least one of the first surface 151 and the second surface 252 may be planar.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an example in which both the first surface 151 and the second surface 252 are planar.
  • each of the first orientation adjustment structures 150 further includes a third surface 153 that intersects one end (eg, the top end P) of the first surface 151.
  • the third surface 153 is disposed between the adjacent first surfaces 151, that is, between the adjacent first orientation adjusting structures 150.
  • the third surface 153 may connect the adjacent first surfaces 151.
  • the first alignment film 120 includes a plurality of first portions 121, each of the first portions 121 corresponds to one first alignment adjustment structure 150 and includes a surface corresponding to the first surface 151 and the third surface 153 of the first alignment adjustment structure 150. Therefore, the first alignment film 120 has a height difference at the boundary of the adjacent first surface 151 (ie, the position where the third surface 153 is located), which affects the liquid crystal alignment at the boundary, and therefore, in order to avoid liquid crystal as much as possible
  • the liquid crystal domains are generated at the junction, and one of the following two methods or a combination thereof can be used, and the two modes are described in detail below.
  • the third surface 153 may be perpendicular to the first substrate 110. It should be noted that the vertical refers to being substantially vertical. In particular, when each of the sub-pixels corresponds to the plurality of first surfaces, by arranging the third surface 153 perpendicular to the first substrate 110, it is possible to prevent the liquid crystal from being generated in the region corresponding to the boundary of the adjacent first surface 151. Liquid crystal domain.
  • the third surface 153 may be located in a region corresponding to the black matrix 130.
  • each first surface 151 has a size larger than a size of a sub-pixel corresponding to the first surface, that is, in a direction parallel to the first substrate 110.
  • the edge of each of the first surfaces 151 is located outside the region where the corresponding sub-pixels of the first surface are located (ie, at the gap between adjacent sub-pixels), so that the adjacent first surface 151 can be located.
  • the third surface 153 corresponds to the area where the black matrix 130 is located.
  • each second orientation adjustment structure 250 further includes a fourth surface 254 that intersects one end (eg, tip P') of the second surface 252.
  • the fourth surface 254 is disposed between adjacent second surfaces 252 in a direction parallel to the undulating direction of each of the second surfaces 252.
  • the fourth surface 254 may also be disposed using at least one of the above manners 1 and 2, that is, the fourth surface 254 may be perpendicular to the second substrate 210, and/or the fourth surface 254 may be located at the black matrix 130.
  • each second surface 252 has a size larger than a size of a sub-pixel corresponding to the second surface, that is, in a direction parallel to the first substrate 110.
  • each second surface 252 is located outside the region where the corresponding sub-pixel of the second surface is located (ie, at a gap between adjacent sub-pixels), so that the adjacent second surface 252 can be located.
  • the fourth surface 254 between the areas corresponds to the area where the black matrix 130 is located.
  • the third surface 153 and the fourth surface 254 are both located in the corresponding regions of the black matrix 130, the third surface 153 and the fourth surface 254 are in one-to-one correspondence, and the first surface 151 and the first surface The two surfaces 252 also correspond one-to-one.
  • the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal in the horizontal electric field type liquid crystal display device is usually 2° to 3°, in at least one example of the embodiment, the sandwich between the planar first surface 151 and the first base substrate 110 The angle may be less than or equal to 3°, and the angle between the planar second surface 252 and the second substrate 210 may be less than or equal to 3°.
  • the angle between the first surface 151 and the first substrate 110 is preferably less than or equal to 2°, and the angle between the second surface 252 and the second substrate 210 is preferably less than or equal to 2°.
  • each row of sub-pixels may be periodically arranged in a color, for example, in an RGBRGB manner.
  • the color of each column of sub-pixels may be the same, for example, in the manner of RRRRRR or GGGGGG or BBBBBB.
  • the alignment direction of the alignment film to the liquid crystal molecules is generally along the row direction of the sub-pixels, as indicated by the arrows in FIG. 3a. Since the undulating directions of the first surface and the second surface respectively coincide with the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules with the corresponding alignment film, in at least one example, the undulating directions of the first surface and the second surface may be adjacent to the rows of the sub-pixels The direction is the same.
  • the orientation direction of the alignment film to the liquid crystal molecules is usually along the sub-image
  • the column direction of the prime is shown by the arrow in Figure 3b. Since the undulating directions of the first surface and the second surface respectively coincide with the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules with the corresponding alignment film, in at least one example, the undulating directions of the first surface and the second surface may be aligned with the columns of the above sub-pixels The direction is the same.
  • a plurality of gate lines and a plurality of data lines intersecting horizontally and vertically are further disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate of the display device, and the gate lines and the data lines are disposed in the first substrate and the second substrate
  • the substrate is an array substrate, and the other is an opposite substrate.
  • each row of sub-pixels periodically arranged in color may be arranged along the extending direction of the data line 270;
  • the length direction of each sub-pixel may be disposed along the extending direction of the gate line 260, and the width direction of each sub-pixel may be disposed along the extending direction of the data line 270.
  • each row of sub-pixels in which colors are periodically arranged may be arranged along the extending direction of the gate line 260; and, in a direction parallel to the first substrate, each The length direction of the sub-pixels may be disposed along the extending direction of the data line 270, and the width direction of each of the sub-pixels may be disposed along the extending direction of the gate line 260.
  • the first alignment adjustment structure may be intermittently disposed and the second orientation adjustment structure may be intermittently disposed in a direction substantially perpendicular to an orientation direction of the alignment film to the liquid crystal molecules. This can prevent the orientation adjustment structure from affecting the leveling property of the alignment film coating, avoiding the unevenness of the thickness of the alignment film, and accumulating the excess alignment liquid to the discontinuity of the orientation adjustment structure corresponding to the occlusion region of the black matrix. , so it does not affect the display.
  • the first alignment adjustment structure and the second alignment adjustment structure may be continuously formed in a direction parallel to the alignment direction of the alignment film to the liquid crystal molecules.
  • the first alignment adjustment structure and the second alignment adjustment structure may be continuously formed along the row direction of the sub-pixels; and, along the column direction of the sub-pixels, the first alignment adjustment structure and The second orientation adjustment structures may be spaced apart.
  • the first alignment adjusting structure 150 is continuously formed along the alignment direction of the alignment film to the liquid crystal molecules (as indicated by an arrow), and is disposed at intervals in a direction perpendicular to the alignment direction.
  • the first orientation adjustment structure and the second orientation adjustment structure may be continuously formed along the column direction of the sub-pixel; the first orientation adjustment structure and the second orientation along the row direction of the sub-pixel Adjustment structures can be set at intervals.
  • a plurality of spacers 140 for maintaining the thickness of the liquid crystal layer are further disposed between the first substrate 110 and the second substrate 210 of the display panel. Since the arrangement of the liquid crystals within a certain range around each of the spacers 140 is relatively disordered, and the light shielding range of the intersection of the first extension portion and the second extension portion of the black matrix 130 is large, the spacers 140 may be disposed at the intersection. In order to minimize the influence of the spacers 140 on the liquid crystal alignment of the sub-pixel regions.
  • the top end 141 of each spacer 140 exceeds the top end P of the first alignment adjustment structure 150 ( The distance from the top end of the first surface 151 may be equal to the thickness d of the liquid crystal layer, and/or the top end 141 of each spacer 140 may extend beyond the top end P' of the second orientation adjustment structure 250 (also the second surface 252) The distance of the top end may also be equal to the thickness d of the liquid crystal layer.
  • the liquid crystal layer corresponding to each orientation adjustment structure has an inclined surface, and therefore the thickness of the liquid crystal layer in each embodiment of the present invention (ie, the thickness of the liquid crystal cell, cell Gap) is a thickness of the liquid crystal layer in a direction perpendicular to the first/second substrate, as shown by d in FIG.
  • the first orientation adjusting structure 150 may be disposed on the same layer side by side with the plurality of spacers 140.
  • the first orientation adjustment structure 150 can be formed with the spacers 140 by controlling the exposure amount of different regions to save the process flow.
  • the film layer forming the first alignment adjusting structure 150 and the spacer 140 is the above-described first functional layer 105.
  • each The height H of the spacer 140 may be the sum of the thickness d of the liquid crystal layer and the height of the top end P of the first alignment adjusting structure 150 (ie, the distance between both ends of the third surface 153 in the direction perpendicular to the first substrate 110). And/or the height H of each spacer 140 (the difference in height between the top end of each spacer and its bottom end) may be the thickness d of the liquid crystal layer 300 and the top end P' of the second orientation adjustment structure 250.
  • the height i.e., the sum of both ends of the fourth surface 254 in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the second substrate 210).
  • the height of the top end P of the first orientation adjusting structure 150 may be 1 to 2 ⁇ m; for example, the height of the top end P' of the second orientation adjusting structure 250 may be 1 to 2 ⁇ m.
  • the height of the top end P of the first orientation adjustment structure 150 may be the same as or different from the height of the top end P' of the second orientation adjustment structure 250.
  • the height of the top end P of the first orientation adjusting structure 150 is equal to the step difference h of the first surface 151 (ie, the difference in distance between the top end P and the bottom end Q to the first base substrate 110), and the second orientation adjusting structure 250
  • the height of the top end P' is equal to the step difference h' of the second surface 252 (i.e., the difference in distance between the top end P' and the bottom end Q' to the second base substrate 210).
  • the first orientation adjustment structure 150 can be formed at one time by a film layer forming the spacer 140 by a grayscale gradation mask.
  • the manufacturing process generally includes the following steps S1 to S5, which are described in detail below.
  • T0 Wsub*0.035+d
  • Wsub represents the width of the sub-pixel
  • d represents the thickness of the liquid crystal cell.
  • Step S2 Exposure is performed while the first orientation adjustment structure 150 and the spacers 140 are fabricated. As shown in FIG. 4, the spacers 140 may be disposed at a wider BM (ie, Gate to BM).
  • BM ie, Gate to BM
  • the height H of each spacer may be: 4.42 ⁇ m>H>2.5 ⁇ m or 3.5 ⁇ m>H>2.5 ⁇ m.
  • the mask corresponding to the first alignment adjustment structure region is gradation gradation, the first alignment adjustment structure having a uniform gradient can be formed.
  • Step S3 Orientation film coating.
  • the alignment film may be a polyimide (PI) material, and its thickness is, for example,
  • PI polyimide
  • the step of the first orientation adjusting structure 150 is ⁇ 1 ⁇ m. As can be seen from the structure shown in Fig. 4, since the first alignment adjustment structure is discontinuous between rows and rows, PI diffusion is not affected.
  • Step S4 A rubbing process is performed.
  • the rubbing direction i.e., the orientation direction
  • the rubbing direction adjusts the undulating direction of the structure along the first orientation, as shown in FIG.
  • Step S5 performing liquid crystal dropping (ODF, One Drop Fill), sealing, and the like.
  • the substrate where the first orientation adjusting structure 150 is located may be an opposite substrate (for example, a color filter substrate), and the array substrate
  • the second orientation adjustment structure on the upper side is similar to the formation process of the first orientation adjustment structure 150, and the spacers 140 are not formed when the second orientation adjustment structure is formed.
  • the parameters of the display panel can be optimized to achieve a better process effect and to ensure the step uniformity of the first/second orientation adjustment structure.
  • the short sides (ie, widths) of the respective sub-pixels may be less than or equal to 50 ⁇ m; for example, the thickness of each of the alignment films may be less than or equal to (A); for example, the pretilt angle of each alignment film to the liquid crystal can be controlled to about 2°, and for example, a material having a low pretilt angle such as polyimide (preferably a pretilt angle of about 2°) can be used.
  • the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 300 may be 2.25 to 2.5 ⁇ m in consideration of the elastic deformation range of the spacer 140 being less than or equal to 0.4 ⁇ m and the optical anisotropy of the liquid crystal material.
  • the step difference h of the first surface 151 may be 1 to 2 ⁇ m
  • the step h' of the second surface 252 may be 1 to 2 ⁇ m.
  • the ADS mode color film aperture ratio is ⁇ 60%.
  • the first orientation adjustment structure 150 and the second orientation adjustment structure 250 are in one-to-one correspondence, and the first surface 151 of the first orientation adjustment structure 150 and the second surface 252 of the second orientation adjustment structure 250 are parallel to each other and horizontally
  • the angle between the directions is 2°.
  • the sub-pixel can be set as follows for the transmittance: for the ADS mode or the IPS mode, considering the transmittance.
  • the long side of the sub-pixel may be disposed along the extending direction of the gate line 260 and the sub-pixel is elongated; for the FFS mode, as shown in FIG. 3b, along the extending direction of the gate line 260, the sub-pixel (for example, R, G, B) can be arranged periodically according to color.
  • the spacers 140 may be disposed at a wider position of the black matrix, as shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b, the black matrix including the first extension 131 and the second extension extending along the gate line 260 and the data line 270, respectively. 132.
  • the spacer may be disposed in a region corresponding to the first extension 131 (ie, Gate to BM) extending along the gate line 260.
  • the second extension 132 of the black matrix 130 ie, Data to BM
  • the color film aperture ratio of the ADS mode is 56.8%
  • the color film aperture ratio of the IPS mode is similar to that of the ADS mode
  • the FFS mode color film aperture ratio is 31.2%. Therefore, the scheme is preferably ADS mode or IPS. mode.
  • the above examples 1 to 4 divide the viewing angle into two cases: a domain line and a domain-free line, but in fact, since the area of the domain is small, there is no significant difference in macroscopic; due to the limitation of the sub-pixel size, the above The example is especially suitable for high-resolution products; the ADS mode or the IPS mode mainly improves the left-right viewing angle and the dominant role, and the FFS mode mainly improves the upper and lower viewing angles.
  • ⁇ is related to TBA, Wsub, Dp, and d; ⁇ is related to TBA, Wsub, and Dp.
  • the example 1 to the example 4 are for illustrative purposes only, and the person skilled in the art can flexibly adjust according to the design requirements based on the provided geometric relationship and parameter limitation, and details are not described herein again.
  • the angle between the liquid crystal and the horizontal direction can be minimized, so that the liquid crystal pretilt angle exhibited by the display panel as a whole is close to or equal to 0°, the liquid crystal domain is reduced, and the process implementability is improved.
  • At least one of the first orientation adjustment structure 150 and the second orientation adjustment structure 250 may include a film layer (as shown in FIG. 2), and may also include a plurality of film layers.
  • the present embodiment provides a display panel, as shown in FIG. 6, in which the first orientation adjustment structure 150 and the second orientation adjustment structure 250 both include a plurality of film layers.
  • the first substrate 100 includes a first substrate layer 101 disposed on the first substrate 110, a plurality of sub-pixels arranged in a matrix (eg, R, G, B), a black matrix 130 disposed between the sub-pixels, A first functional layer 105 disposed on the sub-pixel and the black matrix 130 and having a plurality of first surfaces 151 and a first alignment film 120 covering the first functional layer 105 are disposed.
  • the material of the first substrate layer 101 and the first functional layer 105 may include silicon nitride, silicon oxide, resin, or the like.
  • the second substrate 200 includes a second substrate layer 201, a plate-like common electrode 240, an insulating layer 234 (for example, a stack of a gate insulating layer and a passivation layer), which are sequentially disposed on the second substrate 210, and is disposed on the insulating layer.
  • the material of the second substrate layer 201 and the second functional layer 205 may include silicon nitride, silicon oxide, resin, or the like.
  • the corresponding orientation adjustment structure is formed by forming the convex or concave structure by using the materials of the first and second functional layers; in this embodiment, Forming a substrate layer having an inclined surface (parallel to the corresponding first/second surface) on each of the substrate substrates, and then forming another film layer on the substrate layer according to a conventional process, to obtain a corresponding orientation adjustment structure, This makes the horizontal electric field distribution within one pixel more uniform.
  • the present embodiment provides a display panel. As shown in FIG. 7a, the display panel is different from the display panel provided in the first embodiment. At least one of the first surface 151 and the second surface 252 may be a curved surface. It can be a concave surface or a convex surface. FIG. 7a illustrates an example in which the first surface 151 has a concave curved surface and the second surface 252 has a convex curved surface.
  • the undulating direction of the first surface 151 is from the orthographic projection of the top end B on the first substrate 110 to the orthographic projection of the bottom end A on the first substrate 110, and the first alignment film.
  • the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules (as indicated by the arrow from the right to the left in Fig. 7a) is uniform;
  • the undulation direction of the second surface 252 is from The orthographic projection of the top A' on the second substrate 210 to the bottom projection B' thereof on the second substrate 110, and the second alignment film (not shown in Fig. 7a, see Fig. 2 and Fig. 6) is consistent with the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules (shown by arrows from left to right below in Fig. 7a).
  • the first orientation adjustment structure 150 further includes a third surface 153 that intersects one end (bottom end A) of the first surface 151, and the first surface 151 and the third surface 153 may form a first surface a concave curved surface BAC recessed on a side of the base substrate 110; a second orientation adjustment structure
  • the 250 further includes a fourth surface 254 that intersects one end (tip A') of the second surface 252, and the second surface 252 and the fourth surface 254 may form a convex curved surface C'A'B' that is convex toward the liquid crystal layer 300.
  • the undulating direction of the concave curved surface BAC may coincide with the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer by the first alignment film.
  • the degree of depression of the BA side of the concave curved surface BAC may be set smaller than the degree of depression of the AC side, so that the overall undulating direction of the concave curved surface BAC is from the first surface 151 to the third surface 153, that is, The alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules is uniform in the first alignment film.
  • the angle ⁇ 1 between the tangent at the top end B of the first surface 151 and the first base substrate 110 may be smaller than the angle ⁇ 2 between the tangent at the top end C of the third surface 153 and the first base substrate 110.
  • the average of the distances of the points on the first surface 151 to the first substrate 110 is greater than the average of the distances from the points on the third surface 153 to the first substrate 110, and thus, the concave curved surface BAC as a whole
  • the undulation direction is from the first surface 151 to the third surface 153.
  • the undulating direction of the convex curved surface C'A'B' may be the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer with the second alignment film.
  • the degree of convexity on the C'A' side of the convex curved surface C'A'B' can be set to be larger than the convexity on the A'B' side, so that the convex curved surface C'A'B'
  • the overall undulation direction is from the fourth surface 254 to the second surface 252, that is, coincident with the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules by the second alignment film.
  • the angle ⁇ 3 between the tangent at the bottom end C' of the fourth surface 254 and the first base substrate 110 may be greater than the tangent between the bottom end B' of the second surface 252 and the first substrate 110
  • the angle ⁇ 4 is such that the convex surface C'A'B' generally has an undulating direction from the fourth surface 254 to the second surface 252.
  • the angle ⁇ 3 between the tangent at the bottom end C' of the fourth surface 254 and the first base substrate 110 may also be smaller than the tangent at the bottom end B' of the second surface 252 and the first substrate 110 The angle between the two is ⁇ 4.
  • the undulating direction of the second surface and the undulating direction of the convex curved surface C'A'B' are identical to the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules by the second alignment film.
  • the pretilt angle of each alignment film to the liquid crystal is less than or equal to 3°, preferably about 2°, in which case the concave surface BAC formed by the first surface 151 and the third surface 153 is formed.
  • the difference between the angle between the tangent at both ends B, C and the first substrate 110 may be less than or equal to 2°, and the convex surface C'A'B formed by the second surface 252 and the fourth surface 254
  • the difference between the angle between the tangent at both ends C', B' and the second substrate 210 may be less than or equal to At 2°.
  • an angle between a tangent at a point on the first surface 151 and the first base substrate 110 may be 0 to 1°, for example, a tangent at the top end B of the first surface 151 and the first substrate 110 The angle ⁇ 1 between them is 1°, the angle between the tangent at the bottom end A and the first base substrate 110 is 0°; and/or the tangent at the point on the third surface 153 is the first
  • the angle between the base substrates 110 may be 0 to 3°, for example, the angle ⁇ 2 between the tangent at the top end C of the third surface 153 and the first base substrate 110 is 3°, and the tangent at the bottom end A The angle between the first substrate 110 and the first substrate 110 is 0°.
  • the angle between the tangent at the point on the fourth surface 254 and the second substrate 210 is 0 to 3°, and/or the tangent to the point on the second surface 252
  • the angle between the two substrate substrates 210 is 0 to 1°.
  • an angle ⁇ 1 between the tangent at the top end B of the first surface 151 and the first base substrate 110 may be 2°, and a tangent between the top end C of the third surface 153 and the first base substrate 110
  • the included angle ⁇ 2 may be 4°
  • the angle ⁇ 3 between the tangent at the bottom end C′ of the fourth surface 254 and the first base substrate 110 may be 4°
  • the angle ⁇ 4 with the first base substrate 110 may be 2°.
  • the convex curved surface C'A'B' and the concave curved surface BAC are irregular curved structures, and the processing technique is complicated.
  • the convex curved surface C'A'B 'The concave curved surface BAC can be a circular arc surface, as shown in Figure 7b.
  • the tangent lines at the ends B, C of the concave curved surface BAC are respectively equal to the angle of the first base substrate 110, and the ends C', B' of the convex curved surface C'A'B' The tangent lines are respectively equal to the angle of the second base substrate 210.
  • the second orientation adjustment structure 250 may have a radius of curvature of 313 [mu]m and an opening angle of 9.16, as indicated by the dashed arrow in Figure 7b.
  • the radius of curvature and the opening angle of the first orientation adjustment 150 can be similar to the second orientation adjustment structure 250.
  • the surfaces of the first alignment adjusting structure 150 and the second alignment adjusting structure 250 facing the liquid crystal layer are set to Irregular arc or arc shape, so that each set of concave curved surface BAC and convex curved surface C'A'B' can form a ring-like structure, so that the liquid crystal layer between each set of orientation adjusting structures is as shown in Fig. 1a
  • the plane shown becomes a curved surface, that is, the liquid crystal arrangement state is slightly curved.
  • each concave curved surface and each convex curved surface have a large radius of curvature; when the radius of curvature is sufficiently large, the radius of curvature of each concave curved surface and each convex curved surface can be regarded as equal; thus, the entire liquid crystal layer of the display panel It can be approximated to a ring structure so that the optical path differences when viewed from various angles are approximately equal. Therefore, the present embodiment can avoid the problem of the large-view character bias under the L0 screen.
  • the height difference of each point on each concave curved surface BAC may be less than or equal to 2 ⁇ m, for example, the height difference between the bottom end A and the top end B/C is 2 ⁇ m, and each convex curved surface C'
  • the height difference of each point on A'B' may be less than or equal to 2 ⁇ m, for example, the height difference between the top end A' and the bottom end B'/C' is 2 ⁇ m. Since the curvature radius of the concave curved surface and the convex curved surface is large, and the height difference between the high and low points is small, the orientation adjusting structure does not affect the orientation direction of the alignment film itself.
  • each sub-pixel may correspond to at least one first surface 151 and at least one second surface 252.
  • the first orientation adjusting structure 150 shown in FIGS. 7a and 7b faces the surface of the liquid crystal layer 300 (ie, the concave curved surface BAC) and the second orientation adjusting structure 250 faces the surface of the liquid crystal layer 300 (ie, the convex curved surface C'A'B). ') is explained as an example.
  • the first surface 151 and the second surface 252 may have a one-to-one correspondence (ie, the first orientation adjustment structure 150 and the second orientation adjustment structure 250 are in one-to-one correspondence), in which case the first orientation adjustment structure 150 may be
  • the concave curved surface BAC and the convex curved surface C'A'B' of the second orientation adjusting structure 250 are disposed to be parallel to each other, so as to avoid the influence of the orientation adjusting structure on the thickness of the liquid crystal layer as much as possible, so that the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 300 is kept as uniform as possible. Therefore, the optical path difference between the left and right views when viewing from the left and right angles is minimized, and the problem of the large-view character bias of the display panel under the L0 screen is avoided as much as possible.
  • the concave curved surface BAC of the first alignment adjusting structure 150 may be made on the first substrate.
  • the orthographic projection on the substrate 110 coincides with the orthographic projection of the convex curved surface C'A'B' of the second alignment adjustment structure 250 on the first substrate 110.
  • the sub-pixel, the first surface 151 and the second surface 252 are in one-to-one correspondence, that is, the sub-pixel, the first orientation adjusting structure 150 and the second orientation adjusting structure 250 are also in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the edge of the concave curved surface BAC of each of the first orientation adjusting structures 150 and the edge of the convex curved surface C'A'B' of each of the second orientation adjusting structures 250 may be located between adjacent sub-pixels. This makes adjacent access
  • the boundary to the adjustment structure corresponds to the black matrix region between the sub-pixels, so that the liquid crystal domains at the interface can be prevented from affecting the display effect as much as possible.
  • orientation adjustment structure on one of the array substrate and the opposite substrate included in the display panel may include a concave curved surface, and the orientation adjustment structure on the other may include a convex curved surface, without being limited to shown in FIGS. 7a and 7b. The situation.
  • the orientation adjustment structure including the convex curved surface or the concave curved surface provided by the embodiment may include a film layer (refer to the related description in the first embodiment), and may also include a plurality of film layers (refer to the related description in the second embodiment).
  • first and second alignment films are not shown in FIGS. 7a and 7b; and, the applicable range of the embodiment, the dimensional relationship between the first and second orientation adjustment structures and the spacer, the sub-pixel and the first and second orientations For the corresponding relationship of the adjustment structure, etc., refer to the related description in the first embodiment, and the repeated description is not repeated.
  • the embodiment further provides a display device comprising the display panel provided by any of the above embodiments.
  • the display device can also include a backlight that provides backlighting for the display panel.
  • the display device may be any product or component having a display function such as a liquid crystal panel, an electronic paper, a mobile phone, a computer, a television, a display, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, or the like.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide a display panel and a display device.
  • the orientation adjustment structures on the array substrate and the opposite substrate are respectively disposed such that the alignment film on each substrate is inclined with respect to the horizontal direction to reduce The angle between the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer and the horizontal direction, thereby improving the problem of the left and right large-view character bias in the L0 screen of the horizontal electric field type liquid crystal display device, and breaking the material limitation of the alignment film, making it possible to manufacture a product of approximately 0° TBA .

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Abstract

一种显示面板，在显示面板的第一基板（100）中，第一取向膜（120）包括与具有第一表面（151）的第一取向调整结构（150）相对应的第一部分（121），第一表面（151）的起伏方向、每个第一部分（121）的起伏方向以及第一取向膜（120）对液晶分子的取向方向一致；在显示面板的第二基板（200）中，第二取向膜（220）包括与具有第二表面（252）的第二取向调整结构（250）相对应的第二部分（221），第二表面（252）的起伏方向、每个第二部分（221）的起伏方向以及第二取向膜（220）对液晶分子的取向方向一致。还提供一种显示装置。

Description

显示面板及显示装置 技术领域
本发明的至少一个实施例涉及一种显示面板及显示装置。
背景技术
目前，液晶显示器是一种主流的显示装置，其包括相对设置的阵列基板和对置基板以及设置于其间的液晶层，并通过控制像素电极和公共电极之间的电压控制液晶层中液晶分子的偏转程度来控制光线。液晶显示器可以包括垂直电场型液晶显示器和水平电场型液晶显示器，在垂直电场型液晶显示器中，像素电极和公共电极分别设置于阵列基板和对置基板上，在水平电场型液晶显示器中，像素电极和公共电极都设置于阵列基板上。
在液晶显示器中，在阵列基板和对置基板上都设置有取向膜，用于使液晶层中的液晶分子形成初始的取向方向。液晶分子取向技术包括摩擦法取向技术和离子束刻蚀诱导取向等非摩擦取向技术。液晶分子的初始取向状态可以包括水平取向和垂直取向。
高级超维场转换技术(AdvancedSuper Dimension Switch，ADS)由于具有高分辨率、高透过率、低功耗、宽视角、高开口率、低色差等优点而被广泛应用于各类显示装置中。在ADS模式液晶显示器中，像素电极和公共电极都设置于阵列基板上，且狭缝状的像素电极设置于板状的公共电极的上层；并且，液晶分子的初始取向状态为水平取向。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种显示面板及显示装置，以减小水平电场型液晶显示装置在L0画面(即，黑画面)下液晶分子与水平方向的夹角，从而改善水平电场型液晶显示装置的L0画面下左右大视角色偏问题。
本发明的至少一个实施例提供了一种显示面板，其包括第一基板、第二基板以及位于所述第一取向膜和所述第二取向膜之间的液晶层。第一基板包括第一衬底基板、设置于所述第一衬底基板上的第一取向膜以及设置于所述 第一衬底基板与所述第一取向膜之间的多个第一取向调整结构，所述第一取向膜包括分别对应所述多个第一取向调整结构的多个第一部分；每个所述第一取向调整结构包括面向所述第一取向膜的第一表面，所述第一表面的起伏方向、每个所述第一部分的起伏方向以及所述第一取向膜对所述液晶层中的液晶分子的取向方向一致。第二基板与所述第一基板相对设置，包括第二衬底基板、设置于所述第二衬底基板上的第二取向膜以及设置于所述第二衬底基板和所述第二取向膜之间的多个第二取向调整结构，所述第二取向膜包括分别对应所述多个第二取向调整结构的多个第二部分；每个所述第二取向调整结构包括面向所述第二取向膜的第二表面，所述第二表面的起伏方向、每个所述第二部分的起伏方向以及所述第二取向膜对所述液晶层中的液晶分子的取向方向一致。
本发明的至少一个实施例还提供了一种显示装置，其包括上述显示面板。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅涉及本发明的一些实施例，而非对本发明的限制。
图1a为一种ADS模式液晶显示装置的结构示意图；
图1b为液晶分子存在预倾角时左右视角之间产生差异的示意图；
图2为本发明实施例一提供的一种显示面板的结构示意图；
图3a为本发明实施例一提供的一种ADS模式中子像素的俯视示意图；
图3b为本发明实施例一提供的一种FFS模式中子像素的俯视示意图；
图4为本发明实施例一提供的一种第一取向调整结构与隔垫物的平面示意图；
图5为本发明实施例一提供的一种显示面板中各结构的尺寸关系示意图；
图6为本发明实施例二提供的一种显示面板的结构示意图；
图7a为本发明实施例三提供的一种显示面板的结构示意图；
图7b为本发明实施例三提供的一种显示面板的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例的附图，对本发明实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本发明的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
除非另外定义，本公开使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本发明所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。同样，“一个”、“一”或者“该”等类似词语也不表示数量限制，而是表示存在至少一个。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而是可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
水平电场型液晶显示器可以分为IPS(In-Plane Switching，面内开关)、FFS(Fringe Field Switching，边缘场开关)、ADS等类型。例如，图1a为一种ADS模式液晶显示装置的剖视示意图。如图1a所示，该ADS模式液晶显示装置包括对置基板10、阵列基板20以及液晶层30。阵列基板20上设置有狭缝状电极23和板状电极24，所形成的电场线如图中的弯曲的箭头所示。对置基板10上的取向膜12对液晶层30中的液晶分子的取向方向(如上方的箭头所示)从左到右，阵列基板20上的取向膜22对液晶分子的取向方向(如下方的箭头所示)从右到左。
在图1a所示的ADS模式液晶显示装置的制作过程中，由于摩擦取向工艺的限制，液晶分子在取向膜表面会产生一定的预倾角(TBA)，即取向膜对液晶分子的取向方向与液晶指向矢之间的夹角。液晶指向矢与取向工艺有关，例如，对于摩擦取向，液晶指向矢沿摩擦方向向上倾斜，对于离子束刻蚀诱导取向，液晶指向矢沿刻蚀束的相反方向向上倾斜。在图1a中，位于上方的箭头表示对置基板10上的取向膜12对液晶分子的取向方向，位于下方 的箭头表示阵列基板20上的取向膜22对液晶分子的取向方向，液晶分子相对于水平方向向左上方偏转。在如图1a所示ADS模式等水平电场型液晶显示装置中，液晶层中的液晶分子通常形成大约2°～3°的预倾角(即液晶层与水平方向之间的夹角)。
在研究中，本申请的发明人注意到，对于ADS模式等水平电场型液晶显示装置，由于液晶层30中液晶分子的预倾角无法做到0°，因此，在L0画面(即，黑画面)下，当左侧观察视角和右侧观察视角相同时，例如图1b所示，左侧观察视角和右侧观察视角都为α，由于液晶具有预倾角β(即液晶层30与水平方向之间的夹角)，实际的右视角为α+β，实际的左视角为α-β，实际左右视角相差2β，造成左右视角的Δn不同。由于在左侧和右侧等视角观察时，光线路径相同但Δn不相等，因而左视和右视的光程差以及光透过率(都与Δn*d相关，Δn为双折射率，d为液晶层的厚度，也称为液晶盒厚)不相等，这会造成ADS模式等水平电场型液晶显示装置在L0画面下大视角色偏严重的问题，出现右视偏蓝、左视偏黄且漏光严重的现象。
目前，解决色偏问题常用的技术手段包括：使用补偿膜、对背光源的出射光进行控制、采用光取向技术等。但是，采用补偿膜的方式成本高且需考虑补偿膜的高低温可靠性问题；对背光源的出射光进行控制的方式成本高、需要使用高成本膜材且需准直背光；采用光取向技术的方式针对IPS和FFS模式的技术尚不成熟且材料和设备成本高。
因此，本领域技术人员希望提供一种低成本的且能够有效地解决水平电场型液晶显示装置在L0画面下的大视角色偏问题的方案。
本发明实施例提供了一种显示面板及显示装置，通过在阵列基板和对置基板上分别设置取向调整结构，使各基板上的取向膜相对于水平方向倾斜，从而使得液晶层中的液晶分子相对于图1a所示的情形更趋向于水平排列，也就是使液晶分子与水平方向的夹角更接近0°，从而可以改善水平电场型液晶显示装置的L0画面下左右大视角色偏问题。
实施例一
如图2所示，本实施例提供了一种显示面板，该显示面板包括第一基板100、第二基板200和设置于第一基板100和第二基板200之间的液晶层300。
第一基板100包括第一衬底基板110、设置于第一衬底基板110上的第 一取向膜120以及设置于第一衬底基板110与第一取向膜120之间的多个第一取向调整结构150，第一取向膜120包括分别对应所述多个第一取向调整结构150的多个第一部分121(如图2中的虚线所示)。每个第一取向调整结构150包括面向第一取向膜120的第一表面151，并且第一表面151的起伏方向、每个第一部分121的起伏方向以及第一取向膜120对液晶层300中的液晶分子的取向方向(如图2中的位于上方从左到右的箭头所示)一致。
第二基板200与第一基板100相对设置，包括第二衬底基板210、设置于第二衬底基板210上的第二取向膜220以及设置于第二衬底基板210和第二取向膜220之间的多个第二取向调整结构250，并且第二取向膜220包括分别对应所述多个第二取向调整结构250的多个第二部分221(如图2中的虚线所示)。每个第二取向调整结构250包括面向第二取向膜220的第二表面252，第二表面252的起伏方向、每个第二部分221的起伏方向以及第二取向膜220对液晶层300中的液晶分子的取向方向(如图2中位于下方从右到左的箭头所示)一致。
本实施例通过在各取向膜和其所在的衬底基板之间设置取向调整结构，使各取向膜形成与第一表面/第二表面相对应的倾斜表面，并且每个倾斜表面的起伏方向与取向膜对液晶分子的取向方向一致，因此，液晶分子与水平方向(图2中平行于第一/二衬底基板的方向)之间的夹角得以减小，甚至达到0°，这使得显示面板所表现出来的液晶层中液晶分子的预倾角(即液晶分子与水平方向的夹角)可以接近或等于0°，从而可以避免水平电场液晶显示装置在L0画面下大视角色偏问题。
在本发明实施例中，某结构的起伏方向是指从该结构的顶端在该结构所在的衬底基板上的正投影到该结构的底端在该衬底基板上的正投影的方向。某结构的顶端指该结构的与其所在的衬底基板相距最远的一端，某结构的底端指该结构的与其所在的衬底基板相距最近的一端。
例如，如图2所示，第一表面151的起伏方向是指从该第一表面151的顶端P在第一衬底基板110上的正投影到该第一表面151的底端Q在第一衬底基板110上的正投影的方向。在图2所示的情形中，第一表面151的起伏方向为从左到右。
例如，如图2所示，第二表面252的起伏方向是指从第二表面252的顶 端P′在第二衬底基板210上的正投影到该第二表面252的底端Q'在第二衬底基板210上的正投影的方向。在图2所示的情形中，第二表面252的起伏方向为从右到左。
需要说明的是，各取向膜的面向液晶层一侧通常设有例如凹槽等取向结构，本实施例中取向膜的各部分的起伏方向是针对该部分的整体而言，可以忽略取向结构的影响。
在本实施例中，为了使液晶层300中的液晶分子水平取向，分别设置于第一、二基板上的两个取向膜对液晶分子的取向方向可以同向平行或反向平行。图2中的第一取向膜120和第二取向膜220对液晶分子的取向方向仅作为示例。但本实施例不限于此。例如，第一取向膜120和第二取向膜220对液晶分子的取向方向还可以与图2所示的情形相反，即，第一取向膜120对液晶分子的取向方向可以为从右到左，第二取向膜220对液晶分子的取向方向可以为从左到右。
此外，第一基板和第二基板中的一个为阵列基板，另一个为对置基板，例如对置基板为彩膜基板；第一衬底基板和第二衬底基板可以为玻璃基板、石英基板或塑料基板等；第一取向膜和第二取向膜可以采用本领域常用的材料和取向工艺制作，此处不作赘述。
在本实施例的至少一个示例中，各取向调整结构可以采用透明材料制作，以避免影响开口率。
例如，如图2所示，第一基板100包括设置于第一衬底基板110上的多个呈矩阵排列的子像素(例如，包括红色子像素R、绿色子像素G和蓝色子像素B)以及黑矩阵130(Black Matrix，简称BM)。黑矩阵130可以包括相互交叉的多个第一延伸部和多个第二延伸部从而形成网格状，在网格的开口处可以设置子像素，如图2所示，子像素之间可以设置有黑矩阵130。在子像素和黑矩阵130上依次设置有包括多个第一取向调整结构150的第一功能层105以及覆盖第一功能层105的第一取向膜120。例如，第一功能层105的材料可以包括氮化硅、氧化硅、树脂等。第一取向调整结构150可以是利用第一功能层105的材料形成的凸起或凹陷结构。
例如，第二基板200包括依次设置于第二衬底基板210上的板状公共电极240、绝缘层234(例如为栅极绝缘层和钝化层的叠层)、设置于绝缘层 234上的狭缝状像素电极230、包括多个第二取向调整结构250的第二功能层205、设置于第二功能层205上的第二取向膜220。第二功能层205的材料可以包括氮化硅、氧化硅、树脂等。第二取向调整结构250可以是利用第二功能层205的材料形成的凸起或凹陷结构。
需要说明的是，子像素和黑矩阵中的任意一个可以设置于第一基板或第二基板上。图2仅以第一基板100上设置有1个红色子像素R、1个绿色子像素G和1个蓝色子像素B以及黑矩阵130为例进行说明。
本实施例提供的显示面板适用于水平电场型液晶显示面板，因而第一基板和第二基板中的一个包括像素电极和公共电极；包括像素电极和公共电极的基板为阵列基板，另一个基板为对置基板。像素电极和公共电极可以采用IPS模式设置于同一膜层中；像素电极和公共电极也可以采用ADS模式或FFS模式等设置于不同膜层中。在ADS模式中，像素电极和公共电极中的一个为狭缝状电极且另一个为板状电极；在FFS模式中，像素电极和公共电极都为狭缝状电极。并且，像素电极可以设置于上层且公共电极设置于下层，或者像素电极可以设置于下层且公共电极设置于上层。本实施例及附图仅以第二基板200包括狭缝状的像素电极230和板状的公共电极240为例进行说明。
在本实施例的至少一个示例中，为了将各取向调整结构的表面特征(例如第一/二表面的倾斜方向、倾斜角度和形状等)较好地传递给对应的取向膜的相应部分，从而有利于控制液晶分子与水平方向之间的夹角，可以采取以下两种方式中的一种或两种的组合。
方式一：每个第一部分121所在的面可以平行于其对应的第一取向调整结构150包括的第一表面151；和/或每个第二部分221所在的面可以平行于其对应的第二取向调整结构250包括的第二表面252。
方式二：各第一取向调整结构150包括的第一表面151可以与第一取向膜120贴合在一起；和/或各第二取向调整结构250包括的第二表面252可以与第二取向膜220贴合在一起。也就是说，第一表面151所在的膜层与第一取向膜120所在的膜层为相邻的膜层；和/或第二表面252所在的膜层与第二取向膜220所在的膜层为相邻的膜层。例如，可以利用与各取向膜相邻的绝缘层制作各取向调整结构。
需要说明的是，各取向膜的面向液晶层一侧通常设有例如凹槽等取向结构，上述取向膜的各部分所在的平面是针对该部分的整体而言，可以忽略取向结构的影响。
此外，取向膜可以形成在绝缘材料上，也可以形成在非绝缘材料上。例如，如图2所示，第二取向调整结构250也可以利用像素电极230和公共电极240之间的例如钝化层等绝缘层形成，在这种情况下，第二取向膜220可以形成在像素电极230所在的层上。
在本实施例的至少一个示例中，每个子像素都可以对应至少一个第一表面和至少一个第二表面，即对应至少一个第一取向调整结构和至少一个第二取向调整结构。由于同一个基板上的相邻的取向调整结构的交界处可能形成液晶畴(即液晶的排列相比其他区域较复杂)，因此，为尽量避免影响开口率，每个子像素可以对应1～5个第一取向调整结构和1～5个第二取向调整结构。
例如，每个子像素都可以对应至少一个第一表面151和至少一个第二表面252，并且第一表面151和第二表面252可以一一对应(即第一取向调整结构150和第二取向调整结构250一一对应)，在这种情况下，可以将第一取向调整结构150面向液晶层300的表面(例如第一表面151)与第二取向调整结构250面向液晶层300的表面(例如第二表面252)设置为相互平行，以尽量避免取向调整结构对液晶层的厚度造成影响，使液晶层300的各处厚度尽量保持一致，从而尽量减小在左、右侧等视角观察时的左视和右视的光程差，进而尽量避免显示面板在L0画面下的大视角色偏问题。
例如，在第一取向调整结构150和第二取向调整结构250一一对应且各自对应液晶层的表面彼此平行的情况下，还可以使第二取向调整结构250面向液晶层300的表面在第一衬底基板110上的正投影与第一取向调整结构150面向液晶层300的表面在第一衬底基板110上的正投影重合。这样可以保证第一、二取向调整结构面向液晶层的表面不但彼此平行，并且形状和尺寸相同，从而可以进一步避免取向调整结构对液晶层厚度造成影响，保证液晶层厚度的均一性，从而更有利于避免色偏。
例如，如图2所示，每个子像素可以对应一个第一表面151和一个第二表面252，并且每个第一表面151和每个第二表面252都对应一个子像素， 即子像素、第一表面151和第二表面252一一对应，从而子像素、第一取向调整结构150和第二取向调整结构250也一一对应。在这种情况下，每个第一取向调整结构150面向液晶层300的表面的边缘以及每个第二取向调整结构250面向液晶层300的表面的边缘可以都位于相邻的子像素之间，这使得相邻取向调整结构的交界对应子像素之间的黑矩阵区域，从而可以尽量避免交界处的液晶畴影响显示效果。
在本实施例的至少一个示例中，第一表面151和第二表面252中的至少一个可以为平面。图2以第一表面151和第二表面252都为平面为例进行说明。
如图2所示，每个第一取向调整结构150还包括与第一表面151的一端(例如，顶端P)相交的第三表面153。沿每个第一表面151的起伏方向，第三表面153设置于相邻的第一表面151之间，也即相邻的第一取向调整结构150之间。当相邻的第一取向调整结构150连续形成时，即相邻的第一取向调整结构150之间没有间隙时，第三表面153可以连接相邻的第一表面151。
由于第一取向膜120包括多个第一部分121，每个第一部分121对应一个第一取向调整结构150并且包括与该第一取向调整结构150的第一表面151和第三表面153相对应的表面，因此，第一取向膜120在相邻的第一表面151的交界处(即第三表面153所在的位置处)存在高度差，这会影响该交界处的液晶排列，因此，为了尽量避免液晶在该交界处产生液晶畴，可以采用以下两种方式中的一种或其组合，下面详细介绍这两种方式。
方式一：第三表面153可以垂直于第一衬底基板110。需要说明的是，垂直指的是大致垂直。尤其是当每个子像素对应多个第一表面时，通过将第三表面153设置为垂直于第一衬底基板110，可以尽量避免液晶在相邻的第一表面151的交界对应的区域内产生液晶畴。
方式二：第三表面153可以位于黑矩阵130对应的区域内。例如，沿大致平行于第一衬底基板110方向，每个第一表面151的尺寸都大于该第一表面对应的子像素的尺寸，也就是说，沿平行于第一衬底基板110的方向，每个第一表面151的边缘都位于该第一表面对应的子像素所在的区域之外(即位于相邻的子像素之间的间隙处)，这样可以使位于相邻的第一表面151之 间的第三表面153对应黑矩阵130所在的区域。
类似地，每个第二取向调整结构250还包括与第二表面252的一端(例如，顶端P')相交的第四表面254。沿平行于每个第二表面252的起伏方向的方向上，第四表面254设置于相邻的第二表面252之间。第四表面254也可以采用上述方式一和方式二中的至少一个进行设置，也就是说，第四表面254可以垂直于第二衬底基板210，和/或第四表面254可以位于黑矩阵130对应的区域内。例如，沿大致平行于第一衬底基板110方向，每个第二表面252的尺寸都大于该第二表面对应的子像素的尺寸，也就是说，沿平行于第一衬底基板110的方向，每个第二表面252的边缘都位于该第二表面对应的子像素所在的区域之外(即位于相邻的子像素之间的间隙处)，这样可以使位于相邻的第二表面252之间的第四表面254对应黑矩阵130所在的区域。
在本实施例的上述示例中，当第三表面153和第四表面254都位于黑矩阵130对应的区域内时，第三表面153和第四表面254一一对应，并且第一表面151和第二表面252也一一对应。
由于水平电场型液晶显示装置中液晶的预倾角通常为2°～3°，因此，在本实施例的至少一个示例中，平面状的第一表面151与第一衬底基板110之间的夹角可以小于或等于3°，并且平面状的第二表面252与第二衬底基板210之间的夹角可以小于或等于3°。
例如，第一表面151与第一衬底基板110之间的夹角优选为小于或等于2°，第二表面252与第二衬底基板210之间的夹角优选为小于或等于2°。
在显示面板中，在第一衬底基板110和第二衬底基板210之间设置的呈矩阵排列的多个子像素中，每行子像素可以按照颜色周期性排列，例如按照RGBRGB的方式排列，每列子像素的颜色可以相同，例如按照RRRRRR或GGGGGG或BBBBBB的方式排列。
在ADS模式或IPS模式的显示面板中，取向膜对液晶分子的取向方向通常沿着子像素的行方向，如图3a中的箭头所示。由于第一表面和第二表面的起伏方向分别与其对应的取向膜对液晶分子的取向方向一致，因而，在至少一个示例中，第一表面和第二表面的起伏方向可以与上述子像素的行方向一致。
在FFS模式的显示面板中，取向膜对液晶分子的取向方向通常沿着子像 素的列方向，如图3b中的箭头所示。由于第一表面和第二表面的起伏方向分别与其对应的取向膜对液晶分子的取向方向一致，因而，在至少一个示例中，第一表面和第二表面的起伏方向可以与上述子像素的列方向一致。
在显示装置的第一衬底基板和第二衬底基板之间还设置有横纵交叉的多条栅线和多条数据线，第一基板和第二基板中设置有栅线和数据线的基板为阵列基板，另一个则为对置基板。
在本实施例的至少一个示例中，为了保证开口率，在ADS或IPS显示面板中，如图3a所示，颜色周期性排列的每行子像素可以沿着数据线270的延伸方向排列；并且，沿平行于第一衬底基板的方向，每个子像素的长度方向可以沿着栅线260的延伸方向设置，每个子像素的宽度方向可以沿着数据线270的延伸方向设置。
类似地，在IPS模式显示面板中，如图3b所示，颜色周期性排列的每行子像素可以沿着栅线260的延伸方向排列；并且，沿平行于第一衬底基板的方向，每个子像素的长度方向可以沿着数据线270的延伸方向设置，每个子像素的宽度方向可以沿着栅线260的延伸方向设置。
在本实施例的至少一个示例中，沿与取向膜对液晶分子的取向方向大致垂直的方向，第一取向调整结构可以间断设置并且第二取向调整结构也可以间断设置。这样可以避免取向调整结构影响取向膜涂布(coating)的流平性，避免造成取向膜厚度不均匀，使多余的取向液向取向调整结构的间断处聚集，该间断处对应黑矩阵的遮挡区域，因此不会对显示造成影响。在此基础上，在至少一个示例中，沿与取向膜对液晶分子的取向方向平行的方向，第一取向调整结构和第二取向调整结构都可以连续形成。
例如，在ADS模式或IPS模式显示面板中，沿子像素的行方向，第一取向调整结构和第二取向调整结构都可以连续形成；并且，沿子像素的列方向，第一取向调整结构和第二取向调整结构都可以间隔设置。例如，如图4所示，第一取向调整结构150沿着取向膜对液晶分子的取向方向(如箭头所示)连续形成，且沿与该取向方向垂直的方向则间隔设置。
例如，在FFS模式显示面板中，沿上述子像素的列方向，第一取向调整结构和第二取向调整结构都可以连续形成；沿上述子像素的行方向，第一取向调整结构和第二取向调整结构都可以间隔设置。
如图4和图5所示，显示面板的第一衬底基板110和第二衬底基板210之间还设置有多个用于维持液晶层的厚度的隔垫物140。由于每个隔垫物140周围一定范围内液晶的排列比较紊乱，并且黑矩阵130的第一延伸部和第二延伸部的交叉处遮光范围较大，因此，隔垫物140可以设置于该交叉处，以尽量减小隔垫物140对子像素区域液晶排列的影响。
由于第一取向膜120和第二取向膜220比较薄，在忽略其厚度影响的情形下，如图5所示，每个隔垫物140的顶端141超出第一取向调整结构150的顶端P(也为第一表面151的顶端)的距离可以与液晶层的厚度d相等，和/或每个隔垫物140的顶端141超出第二取向调整结构250的顶端P′(也为第二表面252的顶端)的距离也可以与液晶层的厚度d相等。需要说明的是，本实施例中由于第一、二取向调整结构的作用，对应各取向调整结构的液晶层具有倾斜面，因此本发明各实施例中液晶层的厚度(即液晶盒厚，cell gap)为液晶层沿垂直于第一/二衬底基板方向上的厚度，如图5中的d所示。
如图4所示，第一取向调整结构150可以与上述多个隔垫物140并排设置于同一层上。这样，在同一次构图工艺中，通过控制不同区域的曝光量可以形成第一取向调整结构150可以与隔垫物140，以节省工艺流程。并且，在这种情况下，形成第一取向调整结构150和隔垫物140的膜层为上述的第一功能层105。
在第一取向调整结构150与隔垫物140并排设置于同一层上且忽略第一取向膜120和第二取向膜220的厚度影响的情形下，在本实施例的至少一个示例中，每个隔垫物140的高度H可以为液晶层的厚度d与第一取向调整结构150的顶端P的高度(即第三表面153的两端沿垂直于第一衬底基板110方向的距离)之和，和/或每个隔垫物140的高度H(每个隔垫物的顶端与其底端之间的高度差)可以为液晶层300的厚度d与第二取向调整结构250的顶端P′的高度(即第四表面254的两端沿垂直于第二衬底基板210方向的距离)之和。
例如，第一取向调整结构150的顶端P的高度可以为1～2μm；例如，第二取向调整结构250的顶端P′的高度可以为1～2μm。第一取向调整结构150的顶端P的高度可以与第二取向调整结构250的顶端P′的高度相同，也可以不同。
图5以第一取向调整结构150的顶端P的高度与第一表面151的段差h(即顶端P与底端Q到第一衬底基板110的距离差)相等，并且第二取向调整结构250的顶端P′的高度与第二表面252的段差h′(即顶端P′与底端Q′到第二衬底基板210的距离差)相等为例进行说明。
在至少一个示例中，第一取向调整结构150可通过灰度渐变掩膜板利用形成隔垫物140的膜层一次成型。制作过程大致包括如下所述步骤S1～S5，下面详细介绍该制作过程。
步骤S1：根据子象素大小决定隔垫物层的厚度T0，T0＝h+d。
以各取向膜的预倾角为2°为例，T0＝Wsub*0.035+d，Wsub表示子像素的宽度，d表示液晶盒厚。
步骤S2：进行曝光，同时制作第一取向调整结构150和隔垫物140，如图4所示，可以将隔垫物140设置于位于较宽的BM(即Gate向BM)处。
例如，每个隔垫物的高度H可以为：4.42μm>H>2.5μm或3.5μm>H>2.5μm。
在该步骤中，由于对应第一取向调整结构区域的掩膜板是灰度渐变的，所以可形成具有均一梯度的第一取向调整结构。
步骤S3：取向膜涂布(coating)。
例如，取向膜可以采用聚酰亚胺(PI)材料，其厚度例如为
Figure PCTCN2015091550-appb-000001
第一取向调整结构150的段差≥1μm。从图4所示的结构可知，由于第一取向调整结构在行与行之间是不连续的，因而PI扩散不受影响。
步骤S4：进行摩擦取向(Rubbing)工艺。Rubbing方向(即取向方向)沿第一取向调整结构的起伏方向，如图4所示。
步骤S5：进行液晶滴下(ODF，One Drop Fill)、密封(sealing)等。
以上示例以第一取向调整结构150与隔垫物140同时形成为例进行说明，在这种情况下，第一取向调整结构150所在的基板可以为对置基板(例如彩膜基板)，阵列基板上的第二取向调整结构与第一取向调整结构150的形成过程类似，在形成第二取向调整结构时不形成隔垫物140即可。
在至少一个示例中，为达到较好的工艺效果并保证第一/二取向调整结构的段差均一性，可以对显示面板的参数进行优化。例如，沿平行于第一衬底基板110的方向，各子象素的短边(即宽度)可以小于或等于50μm；例如， 各取向膜的厚度可以小于或等于
Figure PCTCN2015091550-appb-000002
(埃)；例如，各取向膜对液晶的预倾角可以控制在2°左右，例如，可以选用聚酰亚胺等低预倾角(优选为2°左右预倾角)的材料。
在至少一个示例中，考虑到隔垫物140的弹性形变范围小于或等于0.4μm以及液晶材料光学各项异性限制，液晶层300的厚度可以为2.25～2.5μm。
在至少一个示例中，第一表面151的段差h可以为1～2μm，第二表面252的段差h′可以为1～2μm。
在至少一个示例中，ADS模式彩膜开口率<60％。
下面结合图5所示的显示面板中各结构的尺寸关系示意图进行说明。
在图5中，第一取向调整结构150和第二取向调整结构250一一对应，第一取向调整结构150的第一表面151和第二取向调整结构250的第二表面252彼此平行且与水平方向的夹角都为2°。
示例1：液晶层的厚度d＝2.5μm，第一/二取向膜对液晶的预倾角TBA＝2°，子象素的宽度Wsub＝50μm，第一/二取向调整结构的段差h＝h′＝Wsub*Tan2°＝1.746μm，第一、二基板之间的最小间隙s＝2.5-1.74＝0.76μm>0.4μm，ADS模式彩膜开口率＝56.8％，黑矩阵130的宽度(Gate向BM的宽度)Wbm＝20μm，Wbm/2＝10μm，根据tanα＝Wbm/2/(h+s)，Tanβ＝h/Wbm/2，可以推算出：无畴线观看范围是(-α,α),(β,90°)以及(-90°，-β)，即(-72°，+72°)，(80°，90°)，(-90°，-80°)，看到畴的观看范围是[-80°，-72°]和[72°，80°]。这样可保证大视角效果，并且畴线宏观不可见。
由于子像素短边向开口率Dp＝1-Wbm/Wsub＝(1-20/50)*100％＝60％，因此，考虑到透过率，子像素可以如下设置：对于ADS模式或IPS模式，如图3a所示，可以将子像素的长边沿栅线260的延伸方向设置并拉长子像素；对于FFS模式，如图3b所示，沿栅线260的延伸方向，子像素(例如R、G、B)可以按照颜色周期性排列。
此外，隔垫物140可以设置在黑矩阵较宽的位置处，如图3a和图3b所示，黑矩阵包括分别沿栅线260和数据线270延伸的第一延伸部131和第二延伸部132，隔垫物可以设置在沿栅线260延伸的第一延伸部131(即Gate向BM)对应的区域中。假设黑矩阵130的第二延伸部132(即Data向BM) ＝8μm，以常规正方形象素推算出ADS模式的彩膜开口率为56.8％，IPS模式与ADS模式的彩膜开口率近似，FFS模式彩膜开口率31.2％，因此该方案优选ADS模式或IPS模式。
示例2：液晶层的厚度d＝2.5μm，第一/二取向膜对液晶的预倾角TBA＝2°，第一/二取向调整结构的段差h＝h′＝1μm，子像素的宽度Wsub＝28.7μm，黑矩阵130的第一延伸部131(Gate向BM)的宽度Wbm＝11.5μm，黑矩阵130的第二延伸部132(Data向BM)的宽度＝8μm，ADS模式彩膜开口率＝54.36％，无畴线与有畴线角度范围与示例1相同。在示例2中忽略光的折射。
示例3：可以在示例1的基础上优选d＝2.25μm，则α角度可进一步增加到77.3度，这样可以优化无畴线范围。
示例4：可以在示例2的基础上优选d＝2.25μm，则α角度可进一步增加到78.9度，这样可以优化无畴线范围。
需要说明的是，上述示例1～示例4将视角分为有畴线和无畴线两种情况,但实际上由于畴的区域很小，宏观并无明显差异；由于子像素尺寸的限制，上述示例尤其适用于高分辨率产品；ADS模式或IPS模式主要改善的是左右视角大视角色偏，FFS模式主要改善的是上下视角大视角色偏。
此外，在示例1～示例4中，α与TBA、Wsub、Dp、d有关；β与TBA、Wsub、Dp有关。示例1～示例4仅用于示例性说明，基于提供的几何关系和参数限制，本领域技术人员可根据设计需求进行灵活调整，此处不再赘述。
通过上述参数设置，可以尽量减小液晶与水平方向之间的夹角，以使显示面板整体表现出的液晶预倾角接近或等于0°、减少液晶畴并提高工艺可实施性。
实施例二
本实施例提供的显示面板中，第一取向调整结构150和第二取向调整结构250中的至少一个可以包括一个膜层(如图2所示)，也可以包括多个膜层。
本实施例提供了一种显示面板，如图6所示，在该显示面板中，第一取向调整结构150和第二取向调整结构250都包括多个膜层。
第一基板100包括设置于第一衬底基板110上的第一衬底层101、多个呈矩阵排列的子像素(例如R、G、B)、设置于子像素之间的黑矩阵130、 设置于在子像素和黑矩阵130上且具有多个第一表面151的第一功能层105以及覆盖第一功能层105的第一取向膜120。例如，第一衬底层101和第一功能层105的材料可以包括氮化硅、氧化硅、树脂等。
第二基板200包括依次设置于第二衬底基板210上的第二衬底层201、板状公共电极240、绝缘层234(例如栅极绝缘层和钝化层的叠层)、设置于绝缘层234上的狭缝状像素电极230、具有多个第二表面252的第二功能层205、设置于第二功能层205上的第二取向膜220。例如，第二衬底层201和第二功能层205的材料可以包括氮化硅、氧化硅、树脂等。
本实施例与实施例一的区别在于：在实施例一中，通过利用第一、二功能层的材料形成凸起或凹陷结构的方式来形成相应的取向调整结构；在本实施例中，通过在各衬底基板上首先形成具有倾斜表面(与对应的第一/二表面相平行)的衬底层、之后在该衬底层上按照常规工艺形成其他膜层的方式，得到相应的取向调整结构，这样可以使一个像素内的水平电场分布更均匀。
本实施例提供的显示面板中各结构的设置可参考实施例一，重复之处不做赘述。
实施例三
本实施例提供了一种显示面板，如图7a所示，该显示面板与实施例一提供的显示面板的区别在于，第一表面151和第二表面252中的至少一个可以为曲面，该曲面可以为凹曲面，也可以为凸曲面。图7a以第一表面151为凹曲面且第二表面252为凸曲面为例进行说明。
如图7a所示，第一表面151的起伏方向从其顶端B在第一衬底基板110上的正投影到其底端A在第一衬底基板110上的正投影，与第一取向膜(图7a中未示出，可参见图2和图6)对液晶分子的取向方向(如图7a中位于上方从右到左的的箭头所示)一致；第二表面252的起伏方向从其顶端A'在第二衬底基板210上的正投影到其底端B'在第二衬底基板110上的正投影，与第二取向膜(图7a中未示出，可参见图2和图6)对液晶分子的取向方向(如图7a中位于下方从左到右的箭头所示)一致。
在本实施例的至少一个示例中，第一取向调整结构150还包括与第一表面151的一端(底端A)相交的第三表面153，第一表面151和第三表面153可以形成向第一衬底基板110所在侧凹陷的凹曲面BAC；第二取向调整结构 250还包括与第二表面252的一端(顶端A')相交的第四表面254，第二表面252和第四表面254可以形成凸向液晶层300的凸曲面C'A'B'。
例如，凹曲面BAC的起伏方向(即，从凹陷程度小的部分到凹陷程度大的部分的方向)可以与第一取向膜对液晶层中的液晶分子的取向方向一致。例如，在图7a中，可以将凹曲面BAC的BA侧的凹陷程度设置为小于AC侧的凹陷程度，使凹曲面BAC总体上的起伏方向是从第一表面151到第三表面153，即与第一取向膜对液晶分子的取向方向一致。
例如，第一表面151的顶端B处的切线与第一衬底基板110之间的夹角θ1可以小于第三表面153的顶端C处的切线与第一衬底基板110之间的夹角θ2，从而第一表面151上各点到第一衬底基板110的距离的平均值大于第三表面153上各点到第一衬底基板110的距离的平均值，因此，凹曲面BAC总体上的起伏方向是从第一表面151到第三表面153。
类似地，凸曲面C'A'B'的起伏方向(即，从凸起程度大的部分到凸起程度小的部分的方向)可以与第二取向膜对液晶层中的液晶分子的取向方向一致。例如，如图7a所示，可以将凸曲面C'A'B'的C'A'侧的凸起程度设置为大于A'B'侧的凸起程度，使凸曲面C'A'B'总体上的起伏方向是从第四表面254到第二表面252，即与第二取向膜对液晶分子的取向方向一致。
例如，第四表面254的底端C′处的切线与第一衬底基板110之间的夹角θ3可以大于第二表面252的底端B′处的切线与第一衬底基板110之间的夹角θ4，使得凸曲面C'A'B'总体上的起伏方向从第四表面254到第二表面252。
当然，本发明实施例并不限于图7a所示情形。例如，第四表面254的底端C′处的切线与第一衬底基板110之间的夹角θ3也可以小于第二表面252的底端B′处的切线与第一衬底基板110之间的夹角θ4。只要第二表面的起伏方向以及凸曲面C'A'B'总体上的起伏方向与第二取向膜对液晶分子的取向一致即可。
在本实施例的至少一个示例中，各取向膜对液晶的预倾角小于或等于3°，优选为2°左右，在这种情况下，第一表面151和第三表面153形成的凹曲面BAC的两端B、C处的切线分别与第一衬底基板110之间的夹角的差值可以小于或等于2°，第二表面252和第四表面254形成的凸曲面C'A'B'的两端C'、B'处的切线分别与第二衬底基板210之间的夹角的差值可以小于或等 于2°。
例如，第一表面151上的点所在处的切线与第一衬底基板110之间的夹角可以为0～1°，例如第一表面151的顶端B处的切线与第一衬底基板110之间的夹角θ1为1°，底端A处的切线与第一衬底基板110之间的夹角为0°；和/或，第三表面153上的点所在处的切线与第一衬底基板110之间的夹角可以为0～3°，例如第三表面153的顶端C处的切线与第一衬底基板110之间的夹角θ2为3°，底端A处的切线与第一衬底基板110之间的夹角为0°。
类似地，例如，第四表面254上的点所在处的切线与第二衬底基板210之间的夹角为0～3°，和/或第二表面252上的点所在处的切线与第二衬底基板210之间的夹角为0～1°。
例如，第一表面151的顶端B处的切线与第一衬底基板110之间的夹角θ1可以为2°，第三表面153的顶端C处的切线与第一衬底基板110之间的夹角θ2可以为4°；第四表面254的底端C′处的切线与第一衬底基板110之间的夹角θ3可以为4°，第二表面252的底端B′处的切线与第一衬底基板110之间的夹角θ4可以为2°。
上述凸曲面C'A'B'和凹曲面BAC为不规则的弧形结构，加工工艺较复杂，为了减小加工难度，在本实施例的至少一个示例中，上述凸曲面C'A'B'和凹曲面BAC可以为圆弧面，如图7b所示。在这种情况下，凹曲面BAC的两端B、C处的切线分别与第一衬底基板110的夹角相等，并且凸曲面C'A'B'的两端C'、B'处的切线分别与第二衬底基板210的夹角相等。
例如，如7b所示，第二取向调整结构250的曲率半径可以为313μm，张角可以为9.16°，如图7b中的虚线箭头所示。第一取向调整150的曲率半径以及张角可以与第二取向调整结构250类似。
在图7a和图7b所示的情形中，通过将第一取向调整结构150和第二取向调整结构250的面向液晶层的表面(例如凹曲面BAC和凸曲面C'A'B')设置为不规则的弧形或圆弧形，使得每一组凹曲面BAC和凸曲面C'A'B'可以形成类似圆环的结构，从而每一组取向调整结构之间的液晶层由图1a所示的平面变成了曲面，即液晶排列状态呈轻微的弯曲态，在这种情况下，在L0大视角下观察，当左右视角相等时，左视和右视的光程差近似相等。并且，由于各第一取向调整结构的凹曲面和各第二取向调整结构的凸曲面的弯曲程度 较小，可以视为各凹曲面和各凸曲面具有较大的曲率半径；当曲率半径足够大时，可以视为各凹曲面和各凸曲面的曲率半径相等；这样，显示面板的整个液晶层可以近似于一个环状结构，从而从各个角度观察时的光程差都近似相等。因此，本实施例可以避免L0画面下大视角色偏问题。
在本实施例的至少一个示例中，每个凹曲面BAC上各点的高度差可以小于或等于2μm，例如底端A和顶端B/C之间的高度差为2μm，每个凸曲面C'A'B'上各点的高度差可以小于或等于2μm，例如顶端A′和底端B′/C′之间的高度差为2μm。由于凹曲面和凸曲面的曲率半径较大，且高低点的高度差较小，因而取向调整结构不影响取向膜本身的取向方向。
在本实施例中，每个子像素都可以对应至少一个第一表面151和至少一个第二表面252。下面以图7a和图7b所示的第一取向调整结构150面向液晶层300的表面(即凹曲面BAC)与第二取向调整结构250面向液晶层300的表面(即凸曲面C'A'B')为例进行说明。
例如，第一表面151和第二表面252可以一一对应(即第一取向调整结构150和第二取向调整结构250一一对应)，在这种情况下，可以将第一取向调整结构150的凹曲面BAC与第二取向调整结构250的凸曲面C'A'B'设置为相互平行，以尽量避免取向调整结构对液晶层的厚度造成影响，使液晶层300的各处厚度尽量保持一致，从而尽量减小在左、右侧等视角观察时的左视和右视的光程差，进而尽量避免显示面板在L0画面下的大视角色偏问题。
例如，在第一取向调整结构150和第二取向调整结构250一一对应且各自对应液晶层的表面彼此平行的情况下，还可以使第一取向调整结构150的凹曲面BAC在第一衬底基板110上的正投影与第二取向调整结构250的凸曲面C'A'B'在第一衬底基板110上的正投影重合。这样可以保证第一、二取向调整结构面向液晶层的表面不但彼此平行，并且形状和尺寸相同，从而可以进一步避免取向调整结构对液晶层厚度造成影响，保证液晶层厚度的均一性，从而更有利于避免色偏。
例如，子像素、第一表面151和第二表面252一一对应，即子像素、第一取向调整结构150和第二取向调整结构250也一一对应。在这种情况下，每个第一取向调整结构150的凹曲面BAC的边缘以及每个第二取向调整结构250的凸曲面C'A'B'的边缘可以都位于相邻的子像素之间，这使得相邻取 向调整结构的交界对应子像素之间的黑矩阵区域，从而可以尽量避免交界处的液晶畴影响显示效果。
需要说明的是，显示面板包括的阵列基板和对置基板中的一个上的取向调整结构可以包括凹曲面，另一个上的取向调整结构可以包括凸曲面，而不限于图7a和图7b所示的情形。
本实施例提供的包括凸曲面或凹曲面的取向调整结构可以包括一个膜层(参见实施例一中的相关描述)，也可以包括多个膜层(参见实施例二中的相关描述)。
此外，图7a和图7b中未示出第一、二取向膜；并且，本实施例的适用范围、第一、二取向调整结构与隔垫物的尺寸关系、子像素与第一、二取向调整结构的对应关系等可参考实施例一中的相关描述，重复之处不再赘述。
实施例四
本实施例还提供了一种显示装置，其包括上述任一实施例提供的显示面板。例如，在一些示例中，该显示装置还可以包括为显示面板提供背光的背光源。例如，该显示装置可以为：液晶面板、电子纸、手机、电脑、电视机、显示器、笔记本电脑、数码相框、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。
综上所述，本发明实施例提供了一种显示面板及显示装置，通过在阵列基板和对置基板上分别设置取向调整结构，使得各基板上的取向膜相对于水平方向倾斜，以减小液晶层中的液晶分子与水平方向的夹角，从而改善水平电场型液晶显示装置的L0画面下左右大视角色偏问题，并且可以突破取向膜的材料限制，使得制作近似0°TBA产品成为可能。
以上所述仅是本发明的示范性实施方式，而非用于限制本发明的保护范围，本发明的保护范围由所附的权利要求确定。
本申请要求于2015年5月6日递交的中国专利申请第201510228123.5号的优先权，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本申请的一部分。

Claims (27)

  1. 一种显示面板，包括：
    第一基板，包括第一衬底基板、设置于所述第一衬底基板上的第一取向膜以及设置于所述第一衬底基板与所述第一取向膜之间的多个第一取向调整结构，其中，所述第一取向膜包括分别对应所述多个第一取向调整结构的多个第一部分；
    第二基板，与所述第一基板相对设置，包括第二衬底基板、设置于所述第二衬底基板上的第二取向膜以及设置于所述第二衬底基板和所述第二取向膜之间的多个第二取向调整结构，其中，所述第二取向膜包括分别对应所述多个第二取向调整结构的多个第二部分；以及
    液晶层，位于所述第一取向膜和所述第二取向膜之间；
    其中，
    每个所述第一取向调整结构包括面向所述第一取向膜的第一表面，所述第一表面的起伏方向、每个所述第一部分的起伏方向以及所述第一取向膜对所述液晶层中的液晶分子的取向方向一致；并且
    每个所述第二取向调整结构包括面向所述第二取向膜的第二表面，所述第二表面的起伏方向、每个所述第二部分的起伏方向以及所述第二取向膜对所述液晶层中的液晶分子的取向方向一致。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的显示面板，其中，
    每个所述第一部分所在的面平行于其对应的第一取向调整结构包括的所述第一表面；和/或，
    每个所述第二部分所在的面平行于其对应的第二取向调整结构包括的所述第二表面。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的显示面板，其中，
    所述第一表面与所述第一取向膜贴合在一起；和/或所述第二表面与所述第二取向膜贴合在一起。
  4. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的显示面板，其中，所述第一衬底基板和所述第二衬底基板之间设置有呈矩阵排列的多个子像素，每个所述子像素对应至少一个第一表面和至少一个第二表面。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的显示面板，其中，每个所述子像素对应一个第一表面和一个第二表面，每个第一表面和每个第二表面都对应一个子像素；并且，
    每个所述第一取向调整结构面向所述液晶层的表面的边缘以及每个所述第二取向调整结构面向所述液晶层的表面的边缘都位于相邻的所述子像素之间。
  6. 如权利要求4所述的显示面板，其中，所述至少一个第一表面和所述至少一个第二表面一一对应，并且所述第一取向调整结构面向所述液晶层的表面与所述第二取向调整结构面向所述液晶层的表面平行。
  7. 如权利要求5或6所述的显示面板，其中，所述第二取向调整结构面向所述液晶层的表面在所述第一衬底基板上的正投影与所述第一取向调整结构面向所述液晶层的表面在所述第一衬底基板上的正投影重合。
  8. 如权利要求4-7任一项所述的显示面板，其中，
    所述液晶层的厚度大于或等于2.25μm且小于或等于2.5μm；
    沿平行于所述第一衬底基板的方向，每个所述子像素的宽度小于或等于50μm；
    所述第一表面的段差为1～2μm；
    所述第二表面的段差为1～2μm。
  9. 如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的显示面板，其中，所述第一衬底基板和所述第二衬底基板之间设置有多个隔垫物；
    每个所述隔垫物的顶端超出所述第一取向调整结构的顶端的距离与所述液晶层的厚度相等，和/或每个所述隔垫物的顶端超出所述第二取向调整结构的顶端的距离与所述液晶层的厚度相等。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的显示面板，其中，所述第一取向调整结构与所述多个隔垫物并排设置于同一层上。
  11. 如权利要求1-10中任一项所述的显示面板，其中，所述第一取向调整结构和所述第二取向调整结构中的至少一个包括一个膜层或多个膜层。
  12. 如权利要求1-11中任一项所述的显示面板，其中，
    所述第一表面为平面，每个所述第一取向调整结构还包括与所述第一表面的一端相交的第三表面，所述第三表面垂直于所述第一衬底基板；和/或
    所述第二表面为平面，每个所述第二取向调整结构还包括与所述第二表面的一端相交的第四表面，所述第四表面垂直于所述第二衬底基板。
  13. 如权利要求1-11中任一项所述的显示面板，其中，所述第一衬底基板和所述第二衬底基板之间设置有黑矩阵；
    所述第一表面为平面，所述第一取向调整结构还包括与所述第一表面的一端相交的第三表面，所述第三表面位于所述黑矩阵所在的区域内；和/或所述第二表面为平面，所述第二取向调整结构还包括与所述第二表面的一端相交的第四表面，所述第四表面位于所述黑矩阵所在的区域内。
  14. 如权利要求1-11任一项所述的显示面板，其中，所述第一表面为平面且与所述第一衬底基板之间的夹角小于或等于3°；和/或
    所述第二表面为平面且与所述第二衬底基板之间的夹角小于或等于3°。
  15. 如权利要求1-11中任一项所述的显示面板，其中，所述第一表面为曲面，所述第一取向调整结构还包括与所述第一表面一端相交的第三表面，所述第一表面和所述第三表面形成向所述第一衬底基板所在侧凹陷的凹曲面；
    所述第二表面为曲面，所述第二取向调整结构还包括与所述第二表面的一端相交的第四表面，所述第二表面和所述第四表面形成凸向所述液晶层的凸曲面。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的显示面板，其中，所述凹曲面的起伏方向与所述第一取向膜对所述液晶层中的液晶分子的取向方向一致；
    所述凸曲面的起伏方向与所述第二取向膜对所述液晶层中的液晶分子的取向方向一致。
  17. 如权利要求15或16所述的显示面板，其中，
    所述第一表面的顶端所在处的切线与所述第一衬底基板的夹角小于所述第三表面的顶端所在处的切线与所述第一衬底基板的夹角；
    所述第二表面的底端所在处的切线与所述第二衬底基板的夹角大于或小于所述第四表面的底端所在处的切线与所述第二衬底基板的夹角。
  18. 如权利要求15-17任一项所述的显示面板，其中，所述凸曲面和所述凹曲面为圆弧面。
  19. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的显示面板，其中，所述第一基板和 所述第二基板中的一个包括像素电极和公共电极。
  20. 如权利要求19所述的显示面板，其中，
    所述第一衬底基板和所述第二衬底基板之间还设置有呈矩阵排列的多个子像素，每行子像素按照颜色周期性排列，每列子像素的颜色相同；
    所述像素电极和所述公共电极位于相同的膜层中；或者，所述像素电极和所述公共电极位于不同的膜层中，并且所述像素电极和所述公共电极中的一个为狭缝状电极且另一个为板状电极；
    所述第一表面和所述第二表面的起伏方向与所述子像素的行方向一致。
  21. 如权利要求20所述的显示面板，其中，
    沿所述子像素的列方向，所述第一取向调整结构和所述第二取向调整结构间隔设置。
  22. 如权利要求20或21所述的显示面板，其中，所述第一衬底基板和所述第二衬底基板之间还设置有多条栅线和多条数据线；
    沿平行于所述第一衬底基板的方向，每个子像素的长度方向与所述栅线的延伸方向一致，每个子像素的宽度方向与所述数据线的延伸方向一致。
  23. 如权利要求19所述的显示面板，其中，
    所述第一衬底基板和所述第二衬底基板之间还设置有呈矩阵排列的多个子像素，在所述呈矩阵排列的多个子像素中，每行子像素按照颜色周期性排列，每列子像素的颜色相同；
    所述像素电极和所述公共电极位于不同的膜层中，且所述像素电极和所述公共电极均为狭缝状电极；
    所述第一表面和所述第二表面的起伏方向与所述子像素的列方向一致。
  24. 如权利要求23所述的显示面板，其中，
    沿所述子像素的行方向，所述第一取向调整结构和所述第二取向调整结构间隔设置。
  25. 如权利要求23或24所述的显示面板，其中，所述第一衬底基板和所述第二衬底基板之间还设置有多条栅线和多条数据线；
    每个子像素的长度方向沿着所述数据线的延伸方向，所述子像素的宽度方向沿着所述栅线的延伸方向。
  26. 如权利要求1-25中任一项所述的显示面板，其中，所述第一取向调 整结构和所述第二取向调整结构采用透明材料制作。
  27. 一种显示装置，包括如权利要求1-26中任一项所述的显示面板。
PCT/CN2015/091550 2015-05-06 2015-10-09 显示面板及显示装置 Ceased WO2016176961A1 (zh)

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