WO2016173276A1 - 扬声器模组 - Google Patents

扬声器模组 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016173276A1
WO2016173276A1 PCT/CN2015/097965 CN2015097965W WO2016173276A1 WO 2016173276 A1 WO2016173276 A1 WO 2016173276A1 CN 2015097965 W CN2015097965 W CN 2015097965W WO 2016173276 A1 WO2016173276 A1 WO 2016173276A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
support member
cavity
casing
speaker module
module according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/097965
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
韩丹
杨赟
霍新祥
刘旭东
Original Assignee
歌尔声学股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 歌尔声学股份有限公司 filed Critical 歌尔声学股份有限公司
Priority to US15/564,646 priority Critical patent/US10212510B2/en
Publication of WO2016173276A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016173276A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2838—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements of the bandpass type
    • H04R1/2842—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements of the bandpass type for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H04R1/025—Arrangements for fixing loudspeaker transducers, e.g. in a box, furniture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2803—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2811—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R31/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor
    • H04R31/006—Interconnection of transducer parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2853—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements using an acoustic labyrinth or a transmission line
    • H04R1/2857—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements using an acoustic labyrinth or a transmission line for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
    • H04R2499/10—General applications
    • H04R2499/11—Transducers incorporated or for use in hand-held devices, e.g. mobile phones, PDA's, camera's
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/12—Non-planar diaphragms or cones
    • H04R7/127—Non-planar diaphragms or cones dome-shaped
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of electroacoustic products, and in particular to a speaker module.
  • the speaker module is an important acoustic component of a portable electronic device for converting between an electrical signal and a sound signal, and is an energy conversion device.
  • the existing speaker module usually comprises a casing containing a vibration system and a magnetic circuit system.
  • the vibration system includes a diaphragm and a voice coil combined, and the diaphragm divides the entire module cavity into a front sound cavity and a rear sound cavity. Cavity.
  • F0 resonance frequency
  • F0 is mainly affected by the volume of the rear cavity of the module and the smoothness of the diaphragm. The larger the volume of the rear cavity, the lower the F0 value; the larger the diaphragm, the lower the F0 value.
  • the speaker modules have become thinner and smaller, and the volume of the rear acoustic cavity has been continuously reduced.
  • selecting a diaphragm with a large compliantness is an effective method for reducing F0.
  • a diaphragm with a large compliantness is easy to be crimped, and assembly is difficult, in order to reduce the compliance.
  • the technician attaches an annular metal ring as a support member at the edge of the diaphragm to prevent the diaphragm from curling.
  • the annular support member effectively prevents the diaphragm from curling and reduces the assembly difficulty, it will occupy a part of the space of the rear sound chamber, resulting in a decrease in the effective volume of the rear sound chamber, thereby causing the F0 of the speaker module to rise, and Reduces the acoustic performance of the speaker module.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a speaker module, which has a larger volume of the rear sound cavity without increasing the assembly difficulty, F0 low, frequency bandwidth, and good acoustic performance.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is:
  • a speaker module includes a housing in which a vibration system and a magnetic circuit system are housed, the vibration system including a diaphragm and a voice coil combined, the diaphragm separating the entire module cavity into a front cavity And the two chambers of the rear sound chamber, the edge portion of the diaphragm is fixed on the outer casing by an annular support member, and the support member is spaced apart from the plurality of cavity portions formed by the shortage of materials, and each of the expansion portions The cavity is connected to the rear acoustic cavity.
  • the cavity expansion portion is a through hole located in a middle portion of the support member and arranged along the support member, and the through hole longitudinally penetrates the upper and lower sides of the support member.
  • the cavity expansion portion is a groove on at least one side edge of the support member and arranged along the support member, and the groove extends longitudinally through the upper and lower sides of the support member. side.
  • the position of the lower side of the support member corresponding to the lower side of the support member is provided with a plurality of spaced-apart trays for fixing the support members, and between the two adjacent support tables is formed to avoid the expansion The gap in the cavity.
  • connection portion is disposed between the two adjacent trays, and the connection portion is located at a lower side of a side edge of the support member where the expansion chamber portion is not provided.
  • the support member is a rounded rectangular structure
  • the expansion chamber portion is disposed on four straight sides of the support member
  • the tray is provided with four
  • the four trays are respectively located at the support The underside of the four corners of the piece.
  • the outer casing comprises an upper casing, a middle casing and a lower casing which are sequentially joined together, the diaphragm and the middle casing and the lower casing together form the rear acoustic cavity, the pallet and the connection
  • the portions are all disposed on the middle case.
  • each of the trays adjacent to the lower shell is provided with a retaining wall for positioning the magnetic circuit system, and each of the retaining walls is perpendicular to the pallet and extends toward the lower shell .
  • the magnetic circuit system includes a magnetic conductive plate, and the inner portion of the inner side of the magnetic conductive plate is sequentially fixed with an inner magnet and an inner washer, and the outer portion of the inner side of the magnetic conductive plate is sequentially fixed with an outer magnet and an outer washer; An edge portion of each of the pallets is simultaneously connected with an annular positioning portion, the positioning portion surrounds the outer side of the outer washer, and a lower side of the positioning portion overlaps the outer magnet.
  • a position of the lower shell corresponding to the magnetic conductive plate is provided with a mounting hole, the magnetic conductive plate is located at the mounting hole, and an outer surface of the magnetic conductive plate is flush with an outer surface of the lower shell
  • the outer side of the lower case at the edge of the mounting hole is provided with a chamfered bevel, and the chamfered bevel forms a glue groove with the magnetic conductive plate.
  • the diaphragm of the speaker module of the present invention is fixed on the outer casing by an annular support member, a plurality of expansion portions formed by the missing materials are distributed on the support member, and each of the expansion chamber portions communicates with the rear acoustic cavity of the module.
  • the expansion chamber portion effectively reduces the volume of the support member while ensuring the supporting action, thereby reducing the space of the rear acoustic cavity occupied by the cavity, increasing the effective volume of the rear acoustic cavity, and effectively reducing the module's F0 broadens the frequency band of the module and greatly improves the acoustic performance of the module.
  • connection portion Since the connection between the two adjacent pallets is provided, the connection portion is located on the lower side of the side edge of the support member where the expansion chamber portion is not provided.
  • the arrangement of the connecting portion further supports the supporting member, and can effectively prevent the supporting member between the two pallets from being deformed by the suspension during the vibration of the diaphragm, thereby increasing the working stability of the speaker module and Service life.
  • each of the pallets is provided with a retaining wall near one side edge portion of the lower casing, each of the retaining walls is perpendicular to the pallet and extends to the lower shell.
  • the retaining wall can effectively position the magnetic circuit system in the horizontal direction, effectively reducing the difficulty of assembly, improving the production efficiency, and improving the yield of the finished product.
  • the positioning portion surrounds the outer side of the outer washer, and the lower side of the positioning portion overlaps the outer magnet.
  • the positioning portion not only effectively positions the magnetic circuit system in the vertical direction, but also increases the contact area between the magnetic circuit system and the outer casing, increases the bonding strength between the magnetic circuit system and the module outer casing, and reduces the assembly difficulty. , extending the life of the module.
  • the speaker module of the present invention solves the technical problem that the speaker module in the prior art has a F0 rise due to the narrow sound cavity.
  • the sound cavity of the speaker module of the present invention has a larger volume, F0 low, frequency bandwidth, and acoustics. Good performance and long service life; low assembly process difficulty and high production efficiency.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional structural view of a speaker module of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of Figure 1 with the lower case and the magnetic circuit system removed;
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged view of a portion A of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a support member of a speaker module of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is another schematic structural view of a support member of the speaker module of the present invention.
  • orientations referred to in this specification refer to the direction of the vibration system of the speaker unit, and the orientation refers to the direction of the magnetic circuit system of the speaker unit; the inner side referred to in this specification refers to the side close to the center of the magnetic circuit system. The outside refers to the side away from the center of the magnetic circuit system.
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • a speaker module includes a casing composed of an upper casing 10, a middle casing 20 and a lower casing 30 which are sequentially joined together, and a space surrounded by the upper casing 10, the middle casing 20 and the lower casing 30
  • the vibration system and the magnetic circuit system are housed inside.
  • the vibration system divides the entire module cavity into two chambers, a front sound chamber 70 and a rear sound chamber 74.
  • the vibration system and the upper shell 10 and the middle shell 20 together form a front sound chamber 70; the vibration system and the middle shell 20 and the lower shell 30 Together they form a rear sound chamber 74.
  • the module is a side sounding module, and the sound hole 72 is disposed at one end of the module away from the vibration system and the magnetic circuit system, and is enclosed by the upper shell 10 and the middle shell 20.
  • the vibration system includes a diaphragm 42 fixed to the middle casing 20 by an annular support member 50, and a dome 40 is fixed at a central position of the diaphragm 42 on one side of the front acoustic chamber 70.
  • a voice coil 44 is fixed to one side of the diaphragm 42 in the rear acoustic chamber 74, and the support member 50 is fixed to the side of the diaphragm 42 located in the rear acoustic chamber 74.
  • the magnetic circuit system includes a magnetic conductive plate 60 fixed to the lower casing 30. The inner position of the inner side of the magnetic conductive plate 60 is sequentially fixed with an inner magnet 62 and a inner washer 66.
  • the outer edge of the inner side of the magnetic conductive plate 60 is fixed with an outer magnet 64 and The outer washer 68, the outer magnet 64 and the outer washer 68 surround the outer circumference of the inner magnet 62 and the inner washer 66.
  • the inner magnet 62 and the inner washer 66 constitute an inner magnetic circuit of the magnetic circuit system
  • the outer magnet 64 and the outer washer 68 constitute an outer magnetic circuit of the magnetic circuit system
  • a magnetic gap is provided between the inner magnetic circuit and the outer magnetic circuit
  • the voice coil The end of 44 is located within the magnetic gap.
  • the voice coil 44 moves according to the magnitude and direction of the acoustic electric signal passing through the winding, and the reciprocating cutting magnetic field moves in the magnetic gap.
  • the diaphragm 42 and the dome 40 vibrate with the movement of the voice coil, and actuate the air to sound, thereby The acoustic electric signal is converted into a sound signal which is transmitted from the sound hole 72.
  • the support member 50 has a rounded rectangular structure and is a metal ring (such as a copper ring or a steel ring).
  • the center position of the four straight sides of the support member 50 is spaced along the extending direction of each side.
  • a plurality of cavity expansion portions 52 are arranged, and the cavity expansion portion 52 is a recessed or hole-shaped structure formed by the lack of material on the support member 50.
  • Each of the cavity expansion portions 52 communicates with the rear sound cavity 74, thereby increasing the volume of the rear sound cavity 74, thereby Reduce the F0 of the module and improve the acoustic performance of the module.
  • the cavity expansion portion 52 is a circular through hole, and the longitudinal direction penetrates the upper and lower sides of the support member 50.
  • the expansion cavity portion may also be a triangular hole. Square holes, long holes and diamond holes can realize the function of the expanded sound cavity. Since among the various holes described above, the circular hole processing is the simplest, and the circular through hole forms a cavity of a cylindrical structure on the support member 50, among the above various columns, under the condition of equal volume. The surface of the cylinder is the smallest, that is, in the case where the volume of the acoustic cavity is the same after expansion, the circular through hole has the least damage to the strength of the support member 50. Therefore, in the present embodiment, it is preferable that the cavity expansion portion 52 is a circular through hole.
  • FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 four brackets 24 are disposed on the lower side of the middle casing 20 corresponding to the lower side of the support member 50, and the four pallets 24 are respectively disposed on the support member 50 without the expansion chamber portion 52.
  • the position of the four corners, and the pallet 24 is the same circular arc structure as the corner structure of the support member 50, the lower side of the support member 50 is fixed on the upper surface of the pallet 24, and the adjacent two pallets 24
  • a notch 240 for avoiding the cavity expansion portion 52 is formed therebetween, and the cavity expansion portion 52 communicates with the rear sound cavity 74 through the notch 240.
  • a connecting portion 244 is disposed between the two adjacent pallets 24, that is, a position where the notch 240 is formed.
  • the connecting portion 244 is a strip-shaped structure, and two ends thereof are respectively connected to the pallet 24 at both ends thereof, and the connecting portion 244 is located The lower side of the outer edge of the support member 50, and the width of the connecting portion 244 is smaller than the minimum distance from the cavity portion 52 to the outer edge of the support member 50, that is, the connecting portion 244 avoids the expansion portion 52.
  • Both the pallet 24 and the connecting portion 244 are integrally formed with the middle casing 20, and serve as a supporting and fixing member for the supporting member 50.
  • each of the pallets 24 is provided with a retaining wall 242 for positioning the magnetic circuit system near the side edge portion of the lower casing 30, and each of the retaining walls 242 is perpendicular to the lower surface of the pallet 24, and It extends in the direction of the lower case 30.
  • the retaining wall 242 can position the magnetic circuit system in a horizontal direction.
  • An edge portion of each of the brackets 24 is simultaneously connected with an annular positioning portion 22, and the positioning portion 22 surrounds the outer side of the outer washer 68.
  • the width of the outer washer 68 is smaller than the width of the outer magnet 64, and the outer edge thereof is smaller than the outer edge of the outer magnet 64.
  • an annular vacancy is formed at the outer edge of the outer magnet 64, the positioning portion 22 is located at the vacant portion, and the lower side of the positioning portion 22 is overlapped on the upper side of the outer magnet 64.
  • the positioning portion 22 can position the magnetic circuit system in the vertical direction.
  • a mounting hole is disposed on the lower shell 30 corresponding to the magnetic conductive plate 60.
  • the size and shape of the mounting hole are matched with the magnetic conductive plate 60.
  • the magnetic conductive plate 60 is located.
  • the mounting hole is located, and the outer surface of the magnetic conductive plate 60 is flush with the outer surface of the lower casing 30. This structure can minimize the thickness of the module, so that the module can meet the requirements of thinning development of electronic equipment.
  • the outer side of the lower case 30 at the edge portion of the mounting hole is provided with a chamfered flat surface 32 which surrounds the outer circumference of the magnetic conductive plate 60 and forms a ring shape with the side edge of the magnetic conductive plate 60.
  • the glue tank increases the amount of glue between the lower shell 30 and the magnetic conductive plate 60, increases the bonding strength between the magnetic conductive plate 60 and the lower shell 30, and improves the sealing performance of the rear acoustic chamber 74.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • This embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, and the difference is that:
  • the expansion chambers 52 are provided at both side edge portions of the support member 50.
  • the expansion chamber portion 52 may be provided only at one side edge portion of the support member 50.
  • the expansion portion 52 is disposed on the edge portion of the support member 50 to function as a sound chamber.
  • the joint strength between the support member 50 and the middle shell and the diaphragm is weak. Therefore, the first embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the invention reduces the volume of the support member while ensuring the strength of the support member, increases the effective volume of the rear acoustic cavity, effectively reduces the F0 of the module, and broadens the frequency band of the module. Improves the acoustic performance of the module.
  • the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of the technical solution of the expansion portion formed by the lack of material on the support member.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the structure of the above module, and can be applied to any one.
  • the structure of the speaker module is the same as the structure of the above module, and whether the structure of the support member is the same as the structure of the support member, as long as it is on the support member
  • the expansion cavity formed by the shortage of material is arranged to increase the rear acoustic cavity of the module, and the products of the reduction module F0 fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种扬声器模组，涉及电声产品技术领域，包括外壳，所述外壳内收容有振动系统和磁路系统，所述振动系统包括结合在一起的振膜和音圈，所述振膜将整个模组内腔分隔为前声腔和后声腔两个腔体，所述振膜的边缘部通过一环形的支撑件固定在所述外壳上，所述支撑件上间隔分布有多个缺料形成的扩腔部，各所述扩腔部均连通所述后声腔。本发明扬声器模组解决了现有技术中扬声器模组因后声腔狭小而导致F0升高的技术问题，本发明扬声器模组后声腔体积更大，F0低，频带宽，声学性能好，使用寿命长；同时组装工艺难度低，生产效率高。

Description

扬声器模组 技术领域
本发明涉及电声产品技术领域，特别涉及一种扬声器模组。
发明背景
扬声器模组是便携式电子设备的重要声学部件，用于完成电信号与声音信号之间的转换，是一种能量转换器件。现有的扬声器模组通常包括外壳，外壳内收容有振动系统和磁路系统，振动系统包括结合在一起的振膜和音圈，振膜将整个模组内腔分隔成前声腔和后声腔两个腔体。F0（共振频率）是扬声器模组的一项重要指标，其值越低，扬声器模组的频带越宽，声学性能越好。F0主要受模组的后声腔体积及振膜顺性的影响，后声腔体积越大，F0值越低；振膜顺性越大，F0值越低。
但是，由于便携式电子设备不断的向轻薄、小巧型发展，使得扬声器模组也变得越来越薄，越来越小，从而使得后声腔的体积也在不断的减小。在扬声器模组的后声腔体积不断减小的情况下选择顺性较大的振膜是降低F0的有效方法，然而顺性较大的振膜容易卷边，组装难度大，为了降低顺性较大的振膜的组装难度，技术人员会在振膜的边缘部粘贴一环状的金属环作为支撑件来防止振膜卷边。环形的支撑件虽然有效的防止了振膜卷边，降低了组装难度，但是其会占用一部分后声腔的空间，造成了后声腔有效体积的减小，从而导致扬声器模组的F0升高，又降低了扬声器模组的声学性能。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种扬声器模组，此扬声器模组在不增大组装难度的情况下后声腔体积更大，F0低，频带宽，声学性能好。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的技术方案是：
一种扬声器模组，包括外壳，所述外壳内收容有振动系统和磁路系统，所述振动系统包括结合在一起的振膜和音圈，所述振膜将整个模组内腔分隔为前声腔和后声腔两个腔体，所述振膜的边缘部通过一环形的支撑件固定在所述外壳上，所述支撑件上间隔分布有多个缺料形成的扩腔部，各所述扩腔部均连通所述后声腔。
作为一种实施方式，所述扩腔部为位于所述支撑件的中部并沿所述支撑件排列的通孔，所述通孔纵向贯穿所述支撑件的上、下两侧。
作为另一种实施方式，所述扩腔部为位于所述支撑件的至少一侧边缘上并沿所述支撑件排列的凹槽，所述凹槽纵向贯穿所述支撑件的上、下两侧。
其中，所述外壳上对应所述支撑件下侧的位置设有多个间隔设置的用于固定所述支撑件的托台，相邻两个所述托台之间形成用于避让所述扩腔部的缺口。
其中，相邻的两个所述托台之间设有连接部，所述连接部位于所述支撑件未设有所述扩腔部的一侧边缘下侧。
其中，所述支撑件为圆角矩形结构，所述扩腔部设置在所述支撑件的四条直边上；所述托台共设有四个，四个所述托台分别位于所述支撑件的四个角部的下侧。
其中，所述外壳包括依次结合在一起的上壳、中壳和下壳，所述振膜与所述中壳和所述下壳共同围成所述后声腔，所述托台和所述连接部均设置在所述中壳上。
其中，各所述托台靠近所述下壳的一侧边缘部均设有用于定位所述磁路系统的挡壁，各所述挡壁均与所述托台垂直并向所述下壳延伸。
其中，所述磁路系统包括导磁板，所述导磁板的内侧的中部依次固定有内磁铁和内华司，所述导磁板内侧的边缘部位依次固定有外磁铁和外华司；各所述托台的边缘部同时连接有一环形的定位部，所述定位部环绕在所述外华司的外侧，且所述定位部的下侧搭接在所述外磁铁上。
其中，所述下壳上对应所述导磁板的位置设有安装孔，所述导磁板位于所述安装孔处，且所述导磁板的外表面与所述下壳的外表齐平；位于所述安装孔边缘位置的所述下壳外侧设有倒角斜面，所述倒角斜面与所述导磁板之间形成容胶槽。
采用了上述技术方案后，本发明的有益效果是：
由于本发明扬声器模组的振膜通过一环状的支撑件固定在外壳上，支撑件上间隔分布有多个缺料形成的扩腔部，各扩腔部均连通模组的后声腔。扩腔部的设置在保证了支撑作用的同时有效的减小了支撑件的体积，从而减小了其占用的后声腔的空间，增大了后声腔的有效体积，有效的降低了模组的F0，拓宽了模组的频带，大大的提高了模组的声学性能。
由于外壳上对应支撑件下侧的位置设有多个间隔设置的用于固定支撑件的托台，相邻两个托台之间形成用于避让扩腔部的缺口。间隔设置的托台既不影响扩腔部与后声腔相通，实现增加后声腔体积的功能，同时对支撑件起到了承托作用，增加了支撑件与外壳之间的结合的强度，并降低了组装难度。
由于相邻的两个托台之间设有连接部，连接部位于支撑件未设有扩腔部的一侧边缘下侧。连接部的设置进一步的对支撑件起到了承托作用，可有效的防止两个托台之间的支撑件在振膜振动的过程中因悬空而变形，增加了扬声器模组的工作稳定性及使用寿命。
由于各托台靠近下壳的一侧边缘部均设有挡壁，各挡壁均与托台垂直并向下壳延伸。在进行模组组装时，挡壁能够在水平方向上对磁路系统进行有效的定位，有效的降低了组装的难度，提高了生产效率，提高了成品合格率。
由于各托台的边缘部同时连接有一环形的定位部，定位部环绕在外华司的外侧，且定位部的下侧搭接在外磁铁上。定位部不仅在垂直方向上对磁路系统进行有效的定位，同时还增加了磁路系统与外壳之间的接触面积，增加了磁路系统与模组外壳之间的结合强度，降低了组装难度，延长了模组的使用寿命。
综上所述，本发明扬声器模组解决了现有技术中扬声器模组因后声腔狭小而导致F0升高的技术问题，本发明扬声器模组后声腔体积更大，F0低，频带宽，声学性能好，使用寿命长；同时组装工艺难度低，生产效率高。
上述说明仅是本发明技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本发明的技术手段，以下特举本发明的具体实施方式。
附图简要说明
附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本发明实施例一起用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的限制。在附图中： 图1是本发明扬声器模组的剖视结构示意图；
图2是图1去掉下壳及磁路系统后的结构示意图；
图3是图1的A部放大图；
图4是本发明扬声器模组的支撑件的结构示意图；
图5是本发明扬声器模组的支撑件的另一种结构示意图；
图中：10、上壳，20、中壳，22、定位部，24、托台，240、缺口，242、挡壁，244、连接部，30、下壳，32、倒角斜面，40、球顶，42、振膜，44、音圈，50、支撑件，52、扩腔部，60、导磁板，62、内磁铁，64、外磁铁，66、内华司，68、外华司，70、前声腔，72、出声孔，74、后声腔。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面结合附图和实施例，进一步阐述本发明。
本说明书中涉及到的方位上均指扬声器单体振动系统的方向，方位下均指与扬声器单体磁路系统的方向；本说明书中涉及到的内侧均指靠近磁路系统中心的一侧，外侧均指远离磁路系统中心的一侧。
实施例一：
如图1所示，一种扬声器模组，包括外壳，外壳由依次结合在一起的上壳10、中壳20和下壳30构成，上壳10、中壳20和下壳30围成的空间内收容有振动系统和磁路系统。振动系统将整个模组内腔分隔为前声腔70和后声腔74两个腔体，振动系统与上壳10和中壳20共同围成了前声腔70；振动系统与中壳20和下壳30共同围成了后声腔74。模组为侧出声模组，出声孔72设置在模组远离振动系统和磁路系统的一端，并由上壳10和中壳20共同围成。
如图1所示，振动系统包括边缘部通过一环状的支撑件50固定在中壳20上的振膜42，振膜42位于前声腔70内的一侧的中心位置固定有球顶40，振膜42位于后声腔74内的一侧固定有音圈44，支撑件50固定在振膜42位于后声腔74内的一侧。磁路系统包括固定在下壳30上的导磁板60，导磁板60内侧的中心位置依次固定有内磁铁62和内华司66，导磁板60内侧的边缘位置依次固定有外磁铁64和外华司68，外磁铁64和外华司68环绕在内磁铁62和内华司66的外周。内磁铁62与内华司66构成磁路系统的内磁路，外磁铁64和外华司68构成磁路系统的外磁路，内磁路与外磁路之间设有磁间隙，音圈44的端部位于磁间隙内。音圈44根据通过其绕线的声波电信号的大小和方向在磁间隙内做往复的切割磁力线运动，振膜42和球顶40随着音圈的运动而振动，并策动空气发声，从而将声波电信号转换为声音信号从出声孔72处传出。
如图1和图4共同所示，支撑件50为圆角矩形结构，为金属环（如铜环或钢环等），在支撑件50的四条直边的中心位置沿各边的延伸方向间隔排列有多个扩腔部52，扩腔部52是在支撑件50上缺料形成的凹陷或孔状结构，各扩腔部52均与后声腔74相通，可增加后声腔74的体积，从而降低模组的F0，提升模组的声学性能。
如图3和图4共同所示，本实施方式中优选扩腔部52为圆形通孔，其纵向贯穿支撑件50的上、下两侧，实际应用中扩腔部还可以是三角形孔、方形孔、长条孔及菱形孔等，均可以实现扩充后声腔的功能。由于在上述的各种孔当中，圆形孔加工最简单，且圆形通孔在支撑件50上形成的是一个圆柱体结构的空腔，上述各种柱体当中，在体积相等的条件下，圆柱体的表面最小，即在扩充后声腔体积相同的情况下，圆形通孔对支撑件50的强度损害最小，因此，本实施方式优选扩腔部52为圆形通孔。
如图2和图3所示，在中壳20上对应支撑件50下侧的位置间隔设置有四个托台24，四个托台24分别设置在支撑件50未设有扩腔部52的四个角部的位置，且托台24为与支撑件50的角部结构相同的圆弧结构，支撑件50的下侧固定在托台24的上表面，相邻的两个托台24之间形成用于避让扩腔部52的缺口240，扩腔部52通过缺口240与后声腔74连通。相邻的两个托台24之间，即形成缺口240的位置设有连接部244，连接部244为条状结构，其两端分别与位于其两端的托台24连接，且连接部244位于支撑件50的外侧边缘的下侧，且连接部244的宽度小于扩腔部52到支撑件50外侧边缘的最小距离，即连接部244避开了扩腔部52。托台24和连接部244均与中壳20为一体结构，对支撑件50起到承托和固定的作用。
如图2和图3共同所示，各托台24靠近下壳30的一侧边缘部设有用于定位磁路系统的挡壁242，各挡壁242均与托台24的下表面垂直，并向下壳30的方向延伸。在进行模组组装时，挡壁242可在水平方向上对磁路系统起到定位作用。各托台24的边缘部同时连接有一环形的定位部22，定位部22环绕在外华司68的外侧，外华司68的宽度小于外磁铁64的宽度，其外边缘小于外磁铁64的外边缘，从而在外磁铁64外边缘处形成了环形的空缺，定位部22位于该空缺处，定位部22的下侧搭接在外磁铁64的上侧。在进行模组组装时，定位部22可在垂直方向上对磁路系统起到定位作用。
如图1所示，下壳30上对应导磁板60的位置设有一安装孔，安装孔的大小和形状均与导磁板60相适配，在模组组装完成后，导磁板60位于安装孔处，且导磁板60的外表面与下壳30的外表面齐平，此种结构可最大限度的减小模组的厚度，使得模组可以满足电子设备薄型化发展的要求。
如图1所示，位于安装孔边缘部位的下壳30的外侧设有倒角平面32，倒角平面32环绕在导磁板60的外周，与导磁板60的侧边之间形成了环形的容胶槽，容胶槽增加了下壳30与导磁板60之间的涂胶量，增加了导磁板60与下壳30之间的结合强度，也提高了后声腔74的密封性能。
实施例二：
本实施方式与实施例一基本相同，其不同之处在于：
如图5共同所示，扩腔部52设置在支撑件50的两侧边缘部，实际应用中扩腔部52也可以只设置在支撑件50的一侧边缘部。
扩腔部52设置在支撑件50的边缘部同样可以起到扩充后声腔的功能，但与实施例一相比，本实施方式的支撑件50与中壳及振膜的结合强度均较弱，因此，实施例一为本发明的优选方案。
本发明通过在支撑件上开孔，在保证支撑件强度的同时，减小了支撑件的体积，增大了后声腔的有效体积，有效的降低了模组的F0，拓宽了模组的频带，提升了模组的声学性能。
本发明上述实施例仅是对本发明在支撑件上设置缺料形成的扩腔部的技术方案的举例说明，实际应用中，本发明的技术方案不限于上述模组的结构，可应用于任何一种在振膜的边缘设置支撑件的模组中，故无论扬声器模组的结构是否与上述模组结构相同，也无论支撑件的结构是否与上述支撑件的结构相同，只要是在支撑件上设置缺料形成的扩腔部，用以增加模组的后声腔，降低模组F0的产品均落入本发明的保护范围内。
本发明不局限于上述具体的实施方式，本领域的普通技术人员从上述构思出发，不经过创造性的劳动，所做出的种种变换，均落在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种扬声器模组，包括外壳，所述外壳内收容有振动系统和磁路系统，所述振动系统包括结合在一起的振膜和音圈，所述振膜将整个模组内腔分隔为前声腔和后声腔两个腔体，所述振膜的边缘部通过一环形的支撑件固定在所述外壳上，其特征在于，所述支撑件上间隔分布有多个缺料形成的扩腔部，各所述扩腔部均连通所述后声腔。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，所述扩腔部为位于所述支撑件的中部并沿所述支撑件排列的通孔，所述通孔纵向贯穿所述支撑件的上、下两侧。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，所述扩腔部为位于所述支撑件的至少一侧边缘上并沿所述支撑件排列的凹槽，所述凹槽纵向贯穿所述支撑件的上、下两侧。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3任一权利要求所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，所述外壳上对应所述支撑件下侧的位置设有多个间隔设置的用于固定所述支撑件的托台，相邻两个所述托台之间形成用于避让所述扩腔部的缺口。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，相邻的两个所述托台之间设有连接部，所述连接部位于所述支撑件未设有所述扩腔部的一侧边缘下侧。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，所述支撑件为圆角矩形结构，所述扩腔部设置在所述支撑件的四条直边上；所述托台共设有四个，四个所述托台分别位于所述支撑件的四个角部的下侧。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，所述外壳包括依次结合在一起的上壳、中壳和下壳，所述振膜与所述中壳和所述下壳共同围成所述后声腔，所述托台和所述连接部均设置在所述中壳上。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，各所述托台靠近所述下壳的一侧边缘部均设有用于定位所述磁路系统的挡壁，各所述挡壁均与所述托台垂直并向所述下壳延伸。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，所述磁路系统包括导磁板，所述导磁板的内侧的中部依次固定有内磁铁和内华司，所述导磁板内侧的边缘部位依次固定有外磁铁和外华司；各所述托台的边缘部同时连接有一环形的定位部，所述定位部环绕在所述外华司的外侧，且所述定位部的下侧搭接在所述外磁铁上。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的扬声器模组，其特征在于，所述下壳上对应所述导磁板的位置设有安装孔，所述导磁板位于所述安装孔处，且所述导磁板的外表面与所述下壳的外表齐平；位于所述安装孔边缘位置的所述下壳外侧设有倒角斜面，所述倒角斜面与所述导磁板之间形成容胶槽。
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