WO2016171117A1 - 方向性電磁鋼板 - Google Patents
方向性電磁鋼板 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016171117A1 WO2016171117A1 PCT/JP2016/062339 JP2016062339W WO2016171117A1 WO 2016171117 A1 WO2016171117 A1 WO 2016171117A1 JP 2016062339 W JP2016062339 W JP 2016062339W WO 2016171117 A1 WO2016171117 A1 WO 2016171117A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1277—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a particular surface treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/362—Laser etching
- B23K26/364—Laser etching for making a groove or trench, e.g. for scribing a break initiation groove
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
- B05D3/0254—After-treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/14—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to metal, e.g. car bodies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
- B23K26/359—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment by providing a line or line pattern, e.g. a dotted break initiation line
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- C21D3/00—Diffusion processes for extraction of non-metals; Furnaces therefor
- C21D3/02—Extraction of non-metals
- C21D3/04—Decarburising
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- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
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- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
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- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1244—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1255—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest with diffusion of elements, e.g. decarburising, nitriding
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1244—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest
- C21D8/1261—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest following hot rolling
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
- C21D8/1294—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a localized treatment
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/008—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F1/00—Electrolytic cleaning, degreasing, pickling or descaling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/16—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of sheets
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- C21D2201/00—Treatment for obtaining particular effects
- C21D2201/05—Grain orientation
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C2202/00—Physical properties
- C22C2202/02—Magnetic
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet. This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-086301 for which it applied to Japan on April 20, 2015, and uses the content here.
- grain-oriented electrical steel sheets that exhibit excellent magnetic properties in a specific direction are known as steel sheets for transformer cores.
- This grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is a steel sheet whose crystal orientation is controlled by a combination of a cold rolling process and an annealing process so that the easy axis of crystal grains coincides with the rolling direction. It is desirable that the iron loss of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is as low as possible.
- Iron loss is classified into eddy current loss and hysteresis loss. Furthermore, eddy current loss is classified into classical eddy current loss and abnormal eddy current loss.
- a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet in which an insulating film is formed on the surface of a steel sheet (ground iron) whose crystal orientation is controlled as described above is generally known. This insulating film plays a role of giving not only electrical insulation but also tension and heat resistance to the steel sheet.
- grain-oriented electrical steel sheets in which a glass film is formed between a steel sheet and an insulating film are also known.
- the width of the 180 ° magnetic domain is narrowed by forming strains and grooves extending in the direction crossing the rolling direction at predetermined intervals along the rolling direction (180).
- This magnetic domain control method is classified into a non-destructive magnetic domain control method that imparts strain to a steel sheet of a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet by non-destructive means, and a destructive magnetic domain control method that forms a groove on the surface of the steel sheet, for example.
- a destructive magnetic domain control method is generally employed for a wound core as a method for reducing abnormal eddy current loss.
- Patent Document 1 a method of applying strain to a steel sheet by laser irradiation has been put into practical use.
- a groove having a depth of about 10 to 30 ⁇ m is formed in a direction approximately perpendicular to the rolling direction of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet and at a constant period in the rolling direction, the iron loss is reduced. This is because a magnetic pole is generated around the groove due to a change in magnetic permeability in the gap of the groove, and the interval between the 180 ° domain walls is narrowed from the magnetic pole as a source, thereby improving iron loss.
- Examples of the method for forming grooves in the electromagnetic steel sheet include an electrolytic etching method in which grooves are formed on the steel sheet surface of the grain-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet by electrolytic etching (see Patent Document 2 below), and a gear is mechanically moved to the steel sheet of the grain-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet.
- a gear pressing method (see Patent Document 3 below) that forms grooves on the surface of the steel sheet by pressing on the surface
- a laser irradiation method see Patent Document 4 below
- melts and evaporates the steel sheet (laser irradiation part) by laser irradiation can be mentioned.
- the present invention is made in view of the above problems, and provides a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having improved adhesion and rust resistance, such as an insulating film at a groove end, while having a groove for greatly improving iron loss. For the purpose.
- a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet comprising a steel sheet having a steel sheet surface extending in a direction intersecting with the rolling direction and having a groove depth direction that is a sheet thickness direction, wherein the groove is an extension of the groove.
- the groove end in the groove longitudinal direction which is the existing direction, has an inclined part that is inclined from the steel sheet surface toward the bottom of the groove, and the height of the steel sheet surface at the center in the groove longitudinal direction is
- An average value of the depth of the groove in the plate thickness direction is defined as a groove average depth D in a unit ⁇ m, and the depth of the groove in the plate thickness direction from the height of the steel plate surface is 0.
- a straight line connecting a first point of 05 ⁇ D and a second point of the depth of the groove in the plate thickness direction from the height of the steel plate surface of 0.50 ⁇ D is defined as a groove end straight line, and the steel plate
- the angle formed by the surface and the straight line of the groove is a first angle ⁇ in units of degrees, and is perpendicular to the groove longitudinal direction at the central portion of the groove.
- the depth of the groove in the plate thickness direction is 0.05 ⁇ D from the height of the steel sheet surface at the groove contour of the groove width direction cross section.
- the average groove width W is divided by the average groove width W.
- the aspect ratio A and the first angle ⁇ satisfy the following expression (1). ⁇ ⁇ -21 ⁇ A + 77 (1)
- the aspect ratio A and the first angle ⁇ may further satisfy the following formula (2). ⁇ ⁇ 32 ⁇ A 2 ⁇ 55 ⁇ A + 73 (2)
- the first angle ⁇ , the groove average depth D, and the The average groove width W may satisfy the following formula (3). ⁇ ⁇ 0.12 ⁇ W ⁇ 0.45 ⁇ D + 57.39 (3)
- the groove width W may satisfy the following formula (4). ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 0.37 ⁇ D + 0.12 ⁇ W + 55.39 (4)
- the grain size of crystal grains in contact with the groove may be 5 ⁇ m or more in the steel sheet.
- the average groove depth D may be not less than 10 ⁇ m and not more than 50 ⁇ m.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a cross-sectional shape of a groove along line BB shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing regarding the definition of the outline of a groove
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet 1 according to the present embodiment.
- 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 1 to 3,
- the rolling direction of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet 1 is X
- the sheet width direction of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet 1 (direction perpendicular to the rolling direction in the same plane)
- Y the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet 1
- the thickness direction (direction orthogonal to the XY plane) is defined as Z.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a groove 3 when the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet 1 according to the present embodiment is viewed from the thickness direction Z (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “plan view”).
- the surface 2a and the groove 3 of the actual grain-oriented electrical steel sheet are not formed uniformly, but in FIGS. 1 to 3 and FIGS. 5 to 8 and FIG. This is shown schematically. Further, the groove 3 may have an arcuate shape when viewed from the plate thickness direction Z (when the groove 3 is viewed in plan). However, in this embodiment, the groove
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet 1 includes a steel sheet (base metal) 2 in which the crystal orientation is controlled so that the easy axis of crystal grains coincides with the rolling direction X by a combination of cold rolling and annealing. 2 has a groove 3 on the surface (steel plate surface 2a).
- Steel plate 2 has chemical fractions of mass fractions of Si: 0.8% to 7%, C: more than 0% to 0.085%, acid-soluble Al: 0% to 0.065%, N: 0% 0.012%, Mn: 0% to 1%, Cr: 0% to 0.3%, Cu: 0% to 0.4%, P: 0% to 0.5%, Sn: 0% to 0% .3%, Sb: 0% to 0.3%, Ni: 0% to 1%, S: 0% to 0.015%, Se: 0% to 0.015%, with the balance being Fe and Consists of impurities.
- the chemical component of the steel plate 2 is a preferable chemical component after accumulating the crystal orientation in the ⁇ 110 ⁇ ⁇ 001> orientation, that is, after controlling the Goss texture.
- Si and C are basic elements
- acid-soluble Al, N, Mn, Cr, Cu, P, Sn, Sb, Ni, S, and Se are selective elements. Since the above-mentioned selective element may be contained according to the purpose, it is not necessary to limit the lower limit value, and the lower limit value may be 0%. Even if these selective elements are contained as impurities, the effect of the present embodiment is not impaired.
- the balance of the basic element and the selective element may be made of Fe and impurities.
- an impurity means the element mixed unavoidable from the ore as a raw material, a scrap, or a manufacturing environment, when manufacturing the steel plate 2 industrially.
- a magnetic steel sheet it is common for a magnetic steel sheet to undergo purification annealing during secondary recrystallization.
- the purification annealing the inhibitor forming elements are discharged out of the system.
- the decrease in the concentration is remarkable, and it becomes 50 ppm or less. Under normal purification annealing conditions, 9 ppm or less, further 6 ppm or less. If the purification annealing is sufficiently performed, it reaches a level that cannot be detected by general analysis (1 ppm or less).
- the chemical composition of the steel plate 2 may be measured by a general steel analysis method.
- the chemical component of the steel plate 2 may be measured using ICP-AES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry). Specifically, a 35 mm square test piece was collected from the center position of the steel plate 2 after removal of the film, and based on a calibration curve prepared in advance by an ICP emission analyzer (for example, ICPS-8100 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation). It can be specified by measuring under conditions.
- C and S may be measured using a combustion-infrared absorption method, and N may be measured using an inert gas melting-thermal conductivity method.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet 1 may have grooves 3 for magnetic domain subdivision on the steel sheet surface 2a, and may have insulating films (not shown) on the grooves 3 and the steel sheet surface 2a.
- a glass film (not shown) may be provided between the steel plate surface 2a and the insulating film.
- the glass film is composed of a composite oxide such as forsterite (Mg 2 SiO 4 ), spinel (MgAl 2 O 4 ), and cordierite (Mg 2 Al 4 Si 5 O 16 ).
- the glass coating is a coating formed to prevent seizure from occurring in the steel plate 2 in the finish annealing step, which is one of the manufacturing processes of the grain-oriented electrical steel plate 1. Therefore, the glass film is not an essential element as a component of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet 1.
- the insulating film contains, for example, colloidal silica and phosphate, and plays a role of giving the steel sheet 2 not only electrical insulation but also tension, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, and the like.
- the glass film and insulating film of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet 1 can be removed by the following method, for example.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet 1 having a glass film or an insulating film is immersed in an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution of NaOH: 10% by mass + H 2 O: 90% by mass at 80 ° C. for 15 minutes. Then, it is immersed in a sulfuric acid aqueous solution of H 2 SO 4 : 10% by mass + H 2 O: 90% by mass at 80 ° C. for 3 minutes. After that, it is washed by dipping for 1 minute at room temperature with a nitric acid aqueous solution of HNO 3 : 10% by mass + H 2 O: 90% by mass.
- the groove 3 extends in a direction L intersecting with the rolling direction X, and is formed so that the depth direction is a plate thickness direction Z. As shown in FIG. 2, the groove 3 is formed with inclined portions 5 that are inclined at both end portions in the direction L so that the depth increases from the steel plate surface 2 a toward the bottom portion 4 of the groove 3. The detailed shape of the groove 3 will be described later.
- the extending direction of the groove 3 (arrow L shown in FIG. 1) is referred to as a groove longitudinal direction L.
- a direction (arrow Q shown in FIG. 1) orthogonal to the groove longitudinal direction L of the groove 3 is referred to as a groove width direction Q.
- the depth of the groove 3 refers to the length in the plate thickness direction Z from the height of the steel plate surface 2a to the surface of the groove 3 (bottom 4).
- the average groove depth D may be measured as follows.
- the observation range is set to a part of the groove 3.
- the observation range is desirably set in a region excluding an end portion of the groove 3 in the groove longitudinal direction L (that is, a region where the shape of the groove bottom is stable).
- the observation range may be an observation region in which the length in the groove longitudinal direction L is approximately 30 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m at a substantially central portion in the groove longitudinal direction L.
- a height distribution (groove depth distribution) within the observation range is obtained using a laser microscope, and the maximum groove depth within this observation range is obtained.
- the same measurement is performed in at least 3 regions, more preferably 10 regions by changing the observation range.
- the average value of the maximum groove depth in each observation area is calculated, and this is defined as the groove average depth D.
- the average groove depth D of the grooves 3 in the present embodiment is preferably, for example, 5 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably more than 10 ⁇ m and 40 ⁇ m or less in order to obtain the effect of magnetic domain refinement.
- the position (height) of the steel plate surface 2a in the plate thickness direction Z needs to be measured in advance.
- the position (height) in the plate thickness direction Z is measured using a laser microscope for each of a plurality of locations on the steel plate surface 2a within each observation range, and the average value of the measurement results is the height of the steel plate surface 2a.
- the steel plate surface 2a may be measured from the groove short cross section.
- two plate surfaces (observation surface and its back surface) of this steel plate sample are substantially parallel.
- the width of the groove 3 refers to the length of the groove opening portion in the groove short direction Q when the groove 3 is viewed in a cross section (groove width direction cross section or groove short cross section) orthogonal to the groove longitudinal direction L.
- the average groove width W may be measured as follows.
- the observation range is set to a part of the groove 3.
- the observation range is desirably set in a region excluding an end portion of the groove 3 in the groove longitudinal direction L (that is, a region where the shape of the groove bottom is stable).
- the observation range may be an observation region in which the length in the groove longitudinal direction is approximately 30 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m at the substantially central portion in the groove longitudinal direction L.
- a short cross-section of the groove perpendicular to the groove longitudinal direction L is obtained at an arbitrary position within the observation range (for example, the position of the maximum groove depth within the observation region) using a laser microscope.
- the length of the groove opening is determined from the steel sheet surface 2a and the contour curve of the groove 3 appearing in the short cross section of the groove.
- the cross-sectional curve is obtained.
- bandpass filters cut-off values ⁇ f and ⁇ c
- a curve WWC is obtained.
- the waviness curve is a kind of contour curve suitable for simplifying the contour shape itself with a smooth line.
- the depth from the steel plate surface 2 a to the surface of the groove 3 along the plate thickness direction Z on the undulation curve WWC of the groove 3 in the short section of the groove is the average groove depth of the groove 3.
- the same measurement is performed in at least 3 regions, more preferably 10 regions by changing the observation range. Then, the average value of the groove openings in each observation region is calculated, and this is defined as the average groove width W.
- the average groove width W of the grooves 3 in the present embodiment is preferably 10 ⁇ m or more and 250 ⁇ m or less, for example, in order to preferably obtain the effect of magnetic domain subdivision.
- the position (height) of the steel plate surface 2a in the plate thickness direction Z needs to be measured in advance.
- the position (height) in the plate thickness direction Z is measured for each of a plurality of locations on the surface of the steel plate 2a on the undulation curve in each of the short cross sections of each groove, and the average value of the measurement results is calculated as the height of the steel plate surface 2a You may use it.
- the first angle ⁇ of the groove 3 refers to an angle formed by the steel plate surface 2 a and the end of the groove 3.
- the first angle ⁇ may be measured as follows.
- the observation range is set to a part including the end of the groove 3 in the groove longitudinal direction L.
- the groove 3 is viewed in plan from the plate thickness direction Z, and a plurality (n) of virtual lines L 1 to L n are virtually set within the observation range along the groove longitudinal direction L (see FIG. 6).
- the observation range it is desirable to set the observation range to a region including the end of the groove 3 (that is, a region including a region from the beginning of the groove 3 in the groove longitudinal direction L to a region where the shape of the groove bottom is stable).
- a laser microscope laser type surface roughness measuring instrument
- the measurement cross-sectional curve MCL1 that forms the contour in the groove longitudinal direction L at the end of the groove 3 is obtained in a form along the imaginary line L1.
- the band-pass filters (cut-off values ⁇ f and ⁇ c) are applied to the cross-sectional curve.
- the wavy curve LWC1 that forms the contour in the groove longitudinal direction L of the end of the groove 3 is formed along the imaginary line L1. It is obtained with.
- the waviness curve LWC1 is used, and the thickness direction between the steel plate surface 2a and the contour of the groove 3 (that is, the waviness curve LWC1) at each of a plurality (n) of positions along the virtual line L1.
- a distance of Z depth d1 to dn: unit is ⁇ m
- an average value of these depths d1 to dn is obtained.
- the groove depths D2 to Dn of the groove end portions are obtained for each of the other virtual lines L2 to Ln.
- the position (height) of the steel plate surface 2a in the plate thickness direction Z needs to be measured in advance.
- the position (height) in the plate thickness direction Z is measured using a laser microscope for each of a plurality of locations on the steel plate surface 2a within the observation range, and the average value of the measurement results is taken as the height of the steel plate surface 2a. May be used.
- a virtual line that satisfies the condition that the average depth of the groove 3 is maximum along the groove longitudinal direction L is selected as the groove reference line BL.
- the groove reference line BL a virtual line that satisfies the condition that the average depth of the groove 3 is maximum along the groove longitudinal direction L.
- a straight line connecting the second point 52 having a depth of 0.50 ⁇ D in the thickness direction Z is defined as a groove end straight line 3E.
- channel 3 is defined as the inclination angle with respect to the steel plate surface 2a of the groove end straight line 3E.
- the steel plate surface 2a needs to be linearly approximated.
- the region of only the steel plate surface 2a excluding the groove 3 may be linearly approximated on the waviness curve based on the groove reference line BL. What is necessary is just to measure the inclination angle of the steel plate surface 2a approximated to the straight line and the groove end straight line 3E. By the same method, the inclination angle (first angle ⁇ ) formed by the groove end straight line 3E and the steel plate surface 2a at both ends in the groove longitudinal direction L of the groove 3 is obtained.
- the inventors of the present invention have made extensive experiments and searched for a groove shape that achieves both improved magnetic properties and rust resistance.
- the groove 3 provided in the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet 1 according to the present embodiment is formed by the groove end straight line 3E and the steel plate surface 2a at the groove ends 31a and 31b in the groove longitudinal direction L of the groove 3.
- the end of the groove 3 is inclined so that the relationship between the angle (first angle ⁇ ) and the aspect ratio A obtained by dividing the groove average depth D by the average groove width W satisfies the following expression (1). I knew it would be good.
- theta which shows the inclination-angle of the inclination part 5
- regulated based on the aspect-ratio A D / W obtained by dividing the groove average depth D by the average groove width W.
- the larger the average groove depth D the more the iron loss affected by the groove depth is improved.
- the smaller the average groove width W the smaller the amount of magnetic flux density deteriorated due to the steel part removal, and the iron loss. Can be improved. That is, the larger the aspect ratio A, the more preferably the magnetic characteristics can be controlled.
- the aspect ratio A is larger, the coating liquid is less likely to enter the groove, so that the rust resistance is deteriorated.
- the groove 3 has the effect of achieving both improved magnetic properties and rust resistance.
- Formula (1) is a suitable range when the groove
- the upper limit of the depth of the groove 3 is not particularly limited.
- the average depth D of the grooves 3 is 30% or more with respect to the thickness in the plate thickness direction Z of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, the amount of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, that is, the steel sheet, which is a magnetic material, decreases. There is a risk that the density will decrease.
- the upper limit value of the average depth D of the grooves 3 may be 100 ⁇ m.
- channel 3 may be formed only in the single side
- the first angle ⁇ of the groove end of the groove 3 satisfies the following formula (3) with respect to the groove average depth D and the average groove width W.
- the first angle ⁇ of the groove end of the groove 3 satisfies the following formula (4) with respect to the groove average depth D and the average groove width W:
- the glass film Alternatively, the insulating film can be coated evenly, and both magnetic properties and rust resistance can be achieved.
- the average groove width W is more than 30 ⁇ m and not more than 100 ⁇ m, both the magnetic characteristics and the rust resistance can be achieved if the first angle ⁇ satisfies the above formula (4).
- a glass film having an average thickness of 0 to 5 ⁇ m and an insulating film having an average thickness of 1 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m may be disposed. Further, a glass film having an average thickness of 0.5 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m and an insulating film having an average thickness of 1 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m may be disposed on the steel plate surface 2a. Furthermore, the average thickness of the glass film in the groove 3 may be thinner than the average thickness of the glass film on the steel plate surface 2a.
- the distance (groove width) between the walls of the opposing grooves is made narrower by adopting a configuration in which the glass coating does not exist in the grooves 3 (that is, a configuration in which the average thickness of the glass coating in the grooves 3 is 0). Therefore, the magnetic domain refinement effect (that is, the effect of reducing abnormal eddy current loss) by the grooves 3 can be further improved.
- the glass film is not an essential component. Therefore, the effect of improving rust resistance can be obtained by applying the above-described embodiment also to the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet composed only of the steel sheet 2 and the insulating film.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet composed only of the steel plate 2 and the insulating film an insulating film having an average thickness of 1 ⁇ m or more and 5 ⁇ m or less is formed in the groove 3, and insulation having an average thickness of 1 ⁇ m or more and 5 ⁇ m or less is formed on the steel plate surface 2a.
- a film may be formed.
- the average grain size of the crystal grains (secondary recrystallized grains) in contact with the grooves 3 is 5 ⁇ m or more.
- the upper limit of the grain size of the crystal grains in contact with the groove 3 is not particularly limited, but the upper limit may be 100 ⁇ 10 3 ⁇ m or less.
- the average grain size of the crystal grains (secondary recrystallized grains) in contact with the groove 3 is 5 ⁇ m or more.
- the upper limit of the grain size of the crystal grains in contact with the groove 3 is not particularly limited, but the upper limit may be 100 ⁇ 10 3 ⁇ m or less.
- the grain size of the crystal grain means an equivalent circle diameter.
- the crystal grain size may be obtained by a general crystal grain size measurement method such as ASTM E112, or may be obtained by an EBSD (Electron Back Scattering Pattern Pattern) method.
- the crystal grains in contact with the groove 3 may be observed in the above-mentioned groove short cross section or a cross section perpendicular to the plate thickness direction Z.
- the groove not having the melt resolidification region can be obtained by, for example, a manufacturing method described later.
- the grain size direction grain size of the crystal grains (secondary recrystallized grains) present in the lower part of the groove 3 in the steel plate 2 is 5 ⁇ m or more and less than the plate thickness of the steel plate 2. It is preferable that This feature means that there is no fine grain layer (melt resolidification region) having a grain thickness direction grain size of about 1 ⁇ m below the groove 3 in the steel plate 2.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a manufacturing process of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet 1.
- Si 0.8% to 7%
- C more than 0% to 0.085%
- acid-soluble Al 0% to 0.065 %
- N 0% to 0.012%
- Mn 0% to 1%
- Cr 0% to 0.3%
- Cu 0% to 0.4%
- P 0% to 0.5%
- Sn 0% to 0.3%
- Sb 0% to 0.3%
- Se 0% to 0.015%
- the molten steel which has a chemical component which the remainder consists of Fe and an impurity is supplied to a continuous casting machine, and a slab is produced continuously.
- the slab obtained from the casting step S01 is heated at a predetermined temperature condition (for example, 1150 to 1400 ° C.), and then the hot rolling is performed on the slab.
- a predetermined temperature condition for example, 1150 to 1400 ° C.
- the hot-rolled steel sheet obtained from the hot rolling step S02 is annealed under a predetermined temperature condition (for example, a condition of heating at 750 to 1200 ° C. for 30 seconds to 10 minutes). Is implemented.
- a predetermined temperature condition for example, a condition of heating at 750 to 1200 ° C. for 30 seconds to 10 minutes.
- the surface of the hot rolled steel sheet subjected to the annealing process in the annealing step S03 is subjected to pickling treatment as necessary, and then cold rolling is performed on the hot rolled steel sheet.
- pickling treatment as necessary, and then cold rolling is performed on the hot rolled steel sheet.
- a cold-rolled steel sheet having a thickness of 0.15 to 0.35 mm is obtained.
- the cold-rolled steel sheet obtained from the cold rolling step S04 has a predetermined temperature condition (for example, a condition of heating at 700 to 900 ° C. for 1 to 3 minutes) and a humid atmosphere.
- Heat treatment that is, decarburization annealing
- a decarburization annealing process is implemented, in a cold-rolled steel plate, carbon will be reduced to a predetermined amount or less, and a primary recrystallized structure will be formed.
- an oxide layer containing silica (SiO 2 ) as a main component is formed on the surface of the cold rolled steel sheet.
- an annealing separator containing magnesia (MgO) as a main component is applied to the surface of the cold rolled steel sheet (the surface of the oxide layer).
- the finish annealing step S07 the cold-rolled steel sheet coated with the annealing separator is subjected to heat treatment under a predetermined temperature condition (for example, a condition of heating at 1100 to 1300 ° C. for 20 to 24 hours) (ie, Finish annealing) is performed.
- a predetermined temperature condition for example, a condition of heating at 1100 to 1300 ° C. for 20 to 24 hours
- the oxide layer containing silica as a main component reacts with an annealing separator containing magnesia as a main component, so that forsterite ( A glass film (not shown) containing a complex oxide such as Mg 2 SiO 4 ) is formed.
- the finish annealing process is performed in a state where the steel plate 2 is wound in a coil shape.
- an insulating coating liquid containing, for example, colloidal silica and phosphate is applied to the steel plate surface 2a from above the glass film. Thereafter, heat treatment is performed under a predetermined temperature condition (for example, 840 to 920 ° C.), whereby an insulating film is formed on the surface of the glass film.
- a predetermined temperature condition for example, 840 to 920 ° C.
- the groove 3 is formed on the steel plate surface 2a on which the glass film and the insulating film are formed.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet 1 according to the present embodiment can form grooves by a method such as a laser method, a press machine method, an etching method, or the like.
- a method for forming the groove 3 when using a laser method, a press machine method, an etching method, or the like in the groove processing step S09 will be described.
- the laser light YL emitted from the laser light source (not shown) is transmitted to the laser irradiation device 10 through the optical fiber 9.
- the laser irradiation device 10 incorporates a polygon mirror and its rotation drive device (both not shown).
- the laser irradiation device 10 irradiates the laser beam YL toward the surface of the steel plate 2 by rotating the polygon mirror and scans the laser beam YL substantially parallel to the plate width direction Y of the steel plate 2.
- an assist gas 25 such as air or an inert gas is blown onto the portion of the steel plate 2 to which the laser beam YL is irradiated.
- the inert gas is, for example, nitrogen or argon.
- the assist gas 25 has a role of removing a component melted or evaporated from the steel plate 2 by laser irradiation. Since the laser beam YL stably reaches the steel plate 2 by spraying the assist gas 25, the groove 3 is stably formed. Moreover, it can suppress that the said component adheres to the steel plate 2 by spraying of the assist gas 25. FIG. As a result, the groove 3 is formed along the scanning line of the laser beam YL.
- the surface of the steel plate 2 is irradiated with the laser beam YL.
- the rotational speed of the polygon mirror is synchronously controlled with respect to the conveying speed of the steel plate 2 so that the grooves 3 are formed at a predetermined interval PL along the rolling direction X.
- a plurality of grooves 3 intersecting with the rolling direction X are formed at a predetermined interval PL along the rolling direction X on the surface of the steel plate 2.
- a fiber laser can be used as the laser light source.
- a high-power laser generally used for industrial use such as a YAG laser, a semiconductor laser, or a CO 2 laser, may be used as the laser light source.
- a pulse laser or a continuous wave laser may be used as the laser light source.
- the laser output is 200 W to 2000 W, and the focused spot diameter in the rolling direction X of the laser beam YL (that is, the diameter including 86% of the laser output, hereinafter abbreviated as 86% diameter).
- the focal spot diameter (86% diameter) of the laser beam YL in the plate width direction Y is 10 ⁇ m to 4000 ⁇ m
- the laser scanning speed is 1 m / s to 100 m / s
- the laser scanning pitch (interval PL) is 10 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m. It is preferably set to 4 mm to 10 mm.
- the laser scanning direction SD ( The assist gas 25 is injected so as to follow the laser beam YL from a direction having an inclination of an angle ⁇ 2 with respect to the plate width direction Y).
- the direction has an inclination of an angle ⁇ 3 with respect to the steel plate surface 2a. Then, the assist gas 25 is injected so as to follow the laser beam YL.
- the angle ⁇ 2 is preferably set in the range of 90 ° to 180 °, and the angle ⁇ 3 is preferably set in the range of 1 ° to 85 °.
- the flow rate of the assist gas 25 is preferably set in the range of 10 to 1000 liters per minute. Furthermore, it is preferable to control the atmosphere so that the number of particles having a diameter of 0.5 ⁇ m or more present in the through-plate atmosphere of the steel plate 2 is 10 or more and less than 10,000 per 1 CF (cubic feet).
- Scanning of the laser beam over the entire width of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet may be performed by a single scanning device as shown in FIG. 9, or may be performed by a plurality of scanning devices as shown in FIG.
- the laser beam emitted from this light source may be divided into laser beams.
- the plurality of laser irradiation apparatuses 10 are arranged at predetermined intervals along the rolling direction X as shown in FIG. Further, the position of each laser irradiation device 10 in the plate width direction Y is set so that the laser scanning lines of each laser irradiation device 10 do not overlap each other when viewed from the rolling direction X.
- a plurality of grooves 3 can be formed on the steel plate surface 2a.
- the irradiation region can be divided into a plurality of portions in the plate width direction Y, so that the scanning and irradiation time required for each laser beam is shortened. Therefore, it is particularly suitable for high-speed threading equipment.
- a plurality of scanning devices are used, only one laser device that is a light source of a laser beam incident on each scanning device may be provided, or one laser device may be provided for each scanning device. .
- the laser beam is scanned on the directional electromagnetic steel sheet by one surface of the mirror, and a groove 3 having a predetermined length (for example, 300 mm) is formed in the substantially width direction on the directional electromagnetic steel sheet.
- the interval between the grooves adjacent to the rolling direction X that is, the irradiation pitch PL in the rolling direction (conveying direction) can be changed by adjusting the line speed VL and the irradiation speed.
- a directional electromagnetic steel sheet is irradiated with a laser beam to form grooves in the rolling direction X at a constant scanning interval PL (irradiation pitch, groove interval).
- the laser beam is focused on the surface of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet while being scanned, and a direction substantially perpendicular to the transport direction of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet (a direction intersecting the transport direction, a vector perpendicular to the transport direction).
- a groove having a predetermined length extending in the direction of inclusion) is formed at a predetermined interval in the transport direction.
- the groove 3 is formed, for example, within a range of plus 45 ° to minus 45 ° with respect to a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction of conveyance of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet.
- the depth of the groove 3 is changed by changing the laser output with time in synchronization with the operation of the mirror, and the end portions 31a and 31b of the groove 3 are inclined. That is, as shown in FIG. 13, the laser output is set to change at a position corresponding to the end of the groove 3 in the scanning direction.
- the groove width of the groove 3 is 100 ⁇ m
- the groove depth is 20 ⁇ m
- the irradiation pitch is 3 mm
- the scanning speed on the steel plate is 30 m / s
- the time ⁇ T for changing the laser output at the start and end of formation of one groove is set to 0.0004 ms or more.
- the groove 3 inclined at the first angle ⁇ is formed at the end of the groove 3 in the groove longitudinal direction L.
- the laser beam is emitted from a laser device, which is a light source, by a scanning device in a plate width direction Y substantially perpendicular to the rolling direction X of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet. This is performed by scanning at the interval PL.
- an assist gas such as air or an inert gas is sprayed onto a portion of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet that is irradiated with the laser beam.
- the groove 3 is formed in the portion irradiated with the laser beam on the surface of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet.
- the rolling direction X coincides with the sheet passing direction.
- the temperature of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet when performing laser beam irradiation is not particularly limited.
- laser beam irradiation can be performed on a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having a room temperature.
- the direction in which the laser beam is scanned need not coincide with the plate width direction Y.
- the angle formed by the scanning direction and the plate width direction Y is in the range of 0 ° to 90 ° and within 45 ° from the viewpoint of work efficiency and the like, and from the point of subdividing the magnetic domains into strips that are long in the rolling direction. Is preferred.
- the angle formed by the scanning direction and the plate width direction Y is more preferably within 20 °, and still more preferably within 10 °.
- etching resist layer having openings corresponding to the groove shape is formed on the surface of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet 1 after the insulating film forming step S08 by printing or the like.
- the opening of the etching resist layer is inclined so that the opening width in the lateral direction is gradually reduced so that the opening width at both ends is narrower than the central portion in the groove longitudinal direction L at the position corresponding to the groove end.
- An etching resist is formed.
- the opening of the etching resist has an opening width in the groove short direction Q. Is set to 100 ⁇ m or more, and the length in the groove longitudinal direction L of the portion inclined corresponding to the groove end is 14 ⁇ m.
- the inclined portion 5 is formed at the groove end portion where the opening width of the etching resist is set narrow.
- an etching process NaCl or the like is performed at a liquid temperature of 30 ° C. for 20 seconds.
- channel 3 is formed in the steel plate surface 2a by peeling an etching resist from a grain-oriented electrical steel plate.
- the same processing as the insulating film forming step is performed again (re-insulating film forming step S10).
- the thickness of the insulating film obtained is 2 to 3 ⁇ m.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment is obtained.
- the steel sheet 2 of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet 1 manufactured as described above has, as chemical components, a mass fraction of Si: 0.8% to 7.0%, C: more than 0% to 0.085%, acid Soluble Al: 0% to 0.065%, N: 0% to 0.012%, Mn: 0% to 1%, Cr: 0% to 0.3%, Cu: 0% to 0.4%, P : 0% to 0.5%, Sn: 0% to 0.3%, Sb: 0% to 0.3%, Ni: 0% to 1%, S: 0% to 0.015%, Se: 0 % To 0.015%, with the balance being Fe and impurities.
- the case where the manufacturing process of forming the groove 3 on the steel plate surface 2a by laser irradiation after the insulating film is formed on the steel plate surface 2a is exemplified.
- the groove 3 immediately after laser irradiation is exposed to the outside, it is necessary to form an insulating film on the steel plate 2 again after the formation of the groove 3.
- the groove 3 is formed on the steel plate surface 2a by irradiating the laser beam YL toward the steel plate surface 2a, and then the insulating coating is formed.
- the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment includes the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet 1 in which the high-temperature annealing for secondary recrystallization is completed and the coating of the glass film and the insulating film is completed.
- a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet before completion of the coating of the glass film and the insulating film is also included. That is, you may obtain a final product by forming a glass film and an insulating film as a post process using the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet concerning this embodiment.
- the shape and roughness of the groove 3 after removing the glass film or the insulating film is the same as that before forming the glass film or the insulating film. Has been confirmed.
- the grooving step (laser irradiation step) S09 is performed after the finish annealing step S07 is illustrated, but the grooving step is performed between the cold rolling step S04 and the decarburizing annealing step S05.
- the groove longitudinal direction L which is the extending direction of the groove 3
- the extending direction of the groove 3 of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet 1 according to the present embodiment is not limited to this.
- the groove longitudinal direction L of the groove 3 is substantially perpendicular to the rolling direction X, both improvement in magnetic properties and rust resistance can be achieved.
- the number of grooves 3 formed in the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is not particularly limited.
- a plurality of grooves 3 may be formed in the sheet width direction Y and the rolling direction X.
- the shape of the groove 3 (the shape of the boundary portion between the groove 3 and the steel plate surface 2a) when viewed in plan is an ellipse.
- the shape of the groove of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheet is not limited to this.
- the groove may have any shape as long as it has an inclined portion at the end in the groove longitudinal direction L and satisfies the relationship of the above formula (1).
- FIG. 3 shows an example in which the shape of the groove 3 as viewed from the short-side direction Q of the groove is asymmetrical with respect to the center of the groove width in the short-side direction Q.
- the shape of the groove is not limited to this.
- the conditions in the examples are one example of conditions adopted for confirming the feasibility and effects of the present invention.
- the invention is not limited to this one condition example.
- the present invention can adopt various conditions as long as the object of the present invention is achieved without departing from the gist of the present invention.
- the hot-rolled material was heat-treated at a temperature of 1000 ° C. for 1 minute (annealing step S03).
- the steel sheet was pickled after the heat treatment and then cold-rolled (cold rolling step S04) to produce a cold-rolled material having a thickness of 0.23 mm.
- the cold-rolled material was subjected to decarburization annealing at a temperature of 800 ° C. for 2 minutes (decarburization annealing step S05).
- An annealing separator containing magnesia as a main component was applied to both surfaces of the cold-rolled material after decarburization annealing (annealing separator application step S06).
- a cold rolled material coated with an annealing separator is charged into a furnace in a coiled state, subjected to a final finishing annealing step S07 at a temperature of 1200 ° C. for 20 hours, and a glass film is formed on the surface. Iron was produced.
- an insulating material mainly composed of aluminum phosphate was applied on the glass film, and baked at a temperature of 850 ° C. for 1 minute to form an insulating film (insulating film forming step S08).
- the laser scanning pitch (interval PL) is set to 3 mm
- the beam diameter is set to 0.1 mm in the rolling direction, 0.3 mm in the scanning direction
- the scanning speed is set to 30 m / s.
- Grooves having a depth D, an average groove width W in the groove longitudinal direction L, and a first angle ⁇ shown in Table 1 below were formed on the steel sheet surface 2a (groove processing step S09).
- an insulating material mainly composed of aluminum phosphate is applied again, and baked at a temperature of 850 ° C. for 1 minute to form an insulating film (re-insulating film forming step S10).
- a steel plate is formed in the same manner as the grain-oriented electrical steel plate of the above-described example, and the average groove depth D, the average groove width W in the groove longitudinal direction L, and the first angle ⁇ are shown in Table 1 below.
- a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet having grooves was prepared.
- the steel plate (steel plate with grooves formed) in the grain-oriented electrical steel plate finally obtained contained Si: 3.0% mainly.
- the contours of the grooves of the example and the comparative example were specified.
- a non-contact laser rangefinder VK-9700 manufactured by Keyence Corporation
- 10 contours of the groove longitudinal section of the groove were obtained.
- the groove average depth D was calculated from the contours of the ten groove longitudinal sections, and the contour of the groove longitudinal section where the groove average depth D was the deepest was extracted as a representative pattern.
- the groove average depth D of the representative pattern is shown as the groove depth D in Table 1.
- the two-dimensional height distribution of the groove in 20 straight lines in the lateral direction Q of the groove was measured using the same non-contact laser distance meter. Based on the measurement results, 20 patterns of the groove cross-sectional profile of the groove were obtained. In the profile of the obtained 20 short-groove cross sections, the depth from the steel plate surface 2a to the groove surface (on the contour) was measured, and the short-groove average depth Ds was calculated. Two points with a groove short-side average depth Ds ⁇ 0.05 were extracted from the profile of the groove short cross section, and the distance between the two-point tubes was measured as the groove width W. The average value of the groove widths W obtained for each of the 20 patterns was calculated as the average groove width. Table 1 shows average groove widths (unit: ⁇ m) obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples.
- Examples 1 and 2 are examples that satisfy only the relationship of Expression (1) and Expression (2) described in the above embodiment.
- Examples 8 to 14 are examples that satisfy only the relationship of the formula (1) described in the above embodiment.
- Example 3 is an example that satisfies the relationship of the expressions (1), (2), and (4) described in the above embodiment.
- Examples 4 and 5 are examples that satisfy the relationships of Formula (1), Formula (2), Formula (3), and Formula (4) described in the above embodiment.
- Example 6 is an example that satisfies the relationship of the expressions (1), (2), and (3) described in the above embodiment.
- Comparative Examples 1 to 3 grain-oriented electrical steel sheets that do not satisfy the above formula (1) were prepared.
- the evaluation of rust resistance was obtained by taking a 30 mm square test piece including one groove from each of the grain-oriented electrical steel sheets of the above examples and comparative examples, and setting the test piece to a temperature of 50 ° C. and a humidity of 95% or more. After leaving in a maintained room for 48 hours, the state of occurrence of rust in each test piece was confirmed. The presence or absence of rust was confirmed visually. In addition, the rust resistance was evaluated based on the change in the weight of the test piece before and after the test piece was left in an atmosphere at a temperature of 50 ° C. and a humidity of 91% for one week. Since the weight of the test piece increases when rust occurs, the smaller the weight increase, the better the rust resistance.
- the rust resistance of a test piece having a weight increase of 1.0 mg / m 2 or less is evaluated as “excellent”, and the rust resistance of a test piece having a weight increase of 5.0 mg / m 2 or less is evaluated.
- the test piece having a weight increase of more than 10.0 mg / m 2 was evaluated as “bad”.
- the crystal grain size in contact with the groove in the steel sheet was 5 ⁇ m or more.
Abstract
Description
本願は、2015年4月20日に日本に出願された特願2015-086301号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
(1)圧延方向と交差する方向に延在しかつ溝深さ方向が板厚方向となる溝が形成された鋼板表面を有する鋼板を備える方向性電磁鋼板において、前記溝は、前記溝の延在する方向である溝長手方向の溝端部には、前記鋼板表面から前記溝の底部に向かって傾斜する傾斜部を有し、前記溝長手方向の中央部での前記鋼板表面の高さから前記板厚方向の前記溝の深さの平均値を単位μmで溝平均深さDとし、前記傾斜部にて、前記鋼板表面の高さからの前記板厚方向の前記溝の深さが0.05×Dとなる第一点と、前記鋼板表面の高さからの前記板厚方向の前記溝の深さが0.50×Dとなる第二点とを結ぶ直線を溝端直線とし、前記鋼板表面と前記溝端直線とが成す角度を単位°で第一角度θとし、前記溝の前記中央部で前記溝長手方向に直交する溝幅方向断面で前記溝を見た場合に、前記溝幅方向断面の前記溝の輪郭にて前記鋼板表面の高さから前記板厚方向の前記溝の深さが0.05×Dとなる2つの点を結ぶ線分の長さである溝幅方向長さの平均値を単位μmで前記溝の平均溝幅Wとしたとき、前記溝平均深さDを前記平均溝幅Wで除したアスペクト比Aと前記第一角度θとが下記(1)式を満足する。
θ<-21×A+77 …(1)
θ<32×A2-55×A+73 …(2)
θ≦0.12×W-0.45×D+57.39 …(3)
θ≦-0.37×D+0.12×W+55.39 …(4)
図1は、本実施形態に係る方向性電磁鋼板1を板厚方向Zから見たとき(以下、「平面視」と記載する場合がある)の溝3を示す模式図である。実際の方向性電磁鋼板の鋼板表面2a及び溝3は、表面が均一に形成されるものではないが、発明の特徴を説明するために図1から図3、図5から図8及び図19では模式的に示している。また、溝3は、板厚方向Zから見た場合(溝3を平面視した場合)に、弓状の形状を有してもよい。ただし、本実施形態では、説明の便宜上、直線形状を有する溝3を例示する。
また、電磁鋼板では二次再結晶時に純化焼鈍を経ることが一般的である。純化焼鈍においてはインヒビター形成元素の系外への排出が起きる。特にN、Sについては濃度の低下が顕著で、50ppm以下になる。通常の純化焼鈍条件であれば、9ppm以下、さらには6ppm以下、純化焼鈍を十分に行えば、一般的な分析では検出できない程度(1ppm以下)にまで達する。
溝3の深さとは、鋼板表面2aの高さから溝3の表面(底部4)までの板厚方向Zの長さをいう。溝平均深さDは以下のように測定すればよい。板厚方向Zから溝3を見た場合(溝3を平面視した場合)に、観察範囲を溝3の一部に設定する。観察範囲は、溝3の溝長手方向Lにおける端部を除く領域(すなわち、溝底の形状が安定している領域)に設定することが望ましい。例えば、観察範囲は、溝長手方向Lの略中央部で、溝長手方向Lの長さが30μm~300μm程度となるような観察領域とすればよい。次に、レーザ顕微鏡を用いて観察範囲内の高さ分布(溝深さ分布)を得て、この観察範囲内での最大溝深さを求める。同様の測定を、観察範囲を変えて少なくとも3領域以上、より好ましくは10領域にて行う。そして、各観察領域における最大溝深さの平均値を算出し、これが溝平均深さDと定義される。本実施形態における溝3の溝平均深さDは、磁区細分化の効果を好ましく得るために、例えば、5μm以上100μm以下であることが好ましく、10μm超40μm以下であるとさらに好ましい。
なお、鋼板表面2aと溝3の表面との間の距離を測定するためには、板厚方向Zにおける鋼板表面2aの位置(高さ)を予め測定しておく必要がある。例えば、各観察範囲内の鋼板表面2aにおける複数箇所のそれぞれについて、レーザ顕微鏡を用いて板厚方向Zの位置(高さ)を測定し、それらの測定結果の平均値を鋼板表面2aの高さとして利用してもよい。また、本実施形態では、後述のように溝平均幅Wを測定する際に溝短手断面を使用するので、この溝短手断面から鋼板表面2aを測定してもよい。なお、レーザ顕微鏡にて鋼板サンプルを観察する際には、この鋼板サンプルの2つの板面(観察面およびその裏面)が略平行であることが好ましい。
溝3の幅とは、溝長手方向Lに直交する断面(溝幅方向断面あるいは溝短手断面)で溝3を見た場合の溝短手方向Qの溝開口部の長さをいう。平均溝幅Wは以下のように測定すればよい。溝平均深さDと同様に、板厚方向Zから溝3を見た場合(溝3を平面視した場合)に、観察範囲を溝3の一部に設定する。観察範囲は、溝3の溝長手方向Lにおける端部を除く領域(すなわち、溝底の形状が安定している領域)に設定することが望ましい。
例えば、観察範囲は、溝長手方向Lの略中央部で、溝長手方向の長さが30μm~300μm程度となるような観察領域とすればよい。次に、レーザ顕微鏡を用いて観察範囲内の任意の1カ所(例えば、観察領域内での最大溝深さの位置)にて、溝長手方向Lに直交する溝短手断面を得る。この溝短手断面に現れる鋼板表面2aおよび溝3の輪郭曲線から溝開口部の長さを求める。
同様の測定を、観察範囲を変えて少なくとも3領域以上、より好ましくは10領域にて行う。そして、各観察領域における溝開口部の平均値を算出し、これが平均溝幅Wと定義される。本実施形態における溝3の平均溝幅Wは、磁区細分化の効果を好ましく得るために、例えば10μm以上250μm以下であることが好ましい。
なお、鋼板表面2aから0.05×Dとなる深さを測定するためには、板厚方向Zにおける鋼板表面2aの位置(高さ)を予め測定しておく必要がある。例えば、各溝短手断面内のうねり曲線上の鋼板表面2aにおける複数箇所のそれぞれについて、板厚方向Zの位置(高さ)を測定し、それらの測定結果の平均値を鋼板表面2aの高さとして利用してもよい。
溝3の第一角度θとは、鋼板表面2aと溝3の端部とが成す角度をいう。第一角度θは以下のように測定すればよい。板厚方向Zから溝3を見た場合(溝3を平面視した場合)に、観察範囲を溝3の溝長手方向Lの端部を含む一部に設定する。板厚方向Zから溝3を平面視し、溝長手方向Lに沿って複数(n本)の仮想線L1~Lnを観察範囲内に仮想的に設定する(図6参照)。観察範囲は、溝3の端部を含む領域(すなわち、溝3の溝長手方向Lの始まりから溝底の形状が安定している領域までを含む領域)に設定することが望ましい。次に、レーザ顕微鏡(レーザ式表面粗さ測定器)等を用いて、観察範囲内の溝3の高さ分布(溝深さ分布)を仮想線L1に沿って測定すると、図4に示すように、溝3の端部の溝長手方向Lの輪郭を成す測定断面曲線MCL1が仮想線L1に沿う形で得られる。
なお、鋼板表面2aからの深さd1~dnを測定するためには、板厚方向Zにおける鋼板表面2aの位置(高さ)を予め測定しておく必要がある。例えば、観察範囲内の鋼板表面2aにおける複数箇所のそれぞれについて、レーザ顕微鏡を用いて板厚方向Zの位置(高さ)を測定し、それらの測定結果の平均値を鋼板表面2aの高さとして利用してもよい。
なお、第一角度θを測定するためには、鋼板表面2aを直線近似しておく必要がある。
例えば、溝基準線BLに基づくうねり曲線上で、溝3を除いた鋼板表面2aのみの領域を直線近似すればよい。この直線近似した鋼板表面2aと溝端直線3Eとの傾斜角度を測定すればよい。同様の方法によって、溝3の溝長手方向Lにおける両端部において、溝端直線3Eと鋼板表面2aとがなす傾斜角度(第一角度θ)を求める。
同様に、平均溝幅Wが30μm超100μm以下であっても、第一角度θが上記式(4)を満たせば、磁気特性と耐錆性とを両立できる。方向性電磁鋼板に複数の溝を形成する場合、全ての溝において、上述の条件を満たすと、高品質な方向性電磁鋼板が得られる。但し、溝の端部が方向性電磁鋼板の板幅方向Yの両端面に達している場合、その溝の端部では傾斜部が形成されないため、上述の条件が適用されないのは言うまでもない。
この場合、最終的に結晶方位が{110}<001>方位から逸脱する可能性が高くなり、好ましい磁気特性が得られなく可能性が高くなる。従って、溝3の周辺には、溶融再凝固領域が存在しないことが好ましい。溝3の周辺に溶融再凝固領域が存在しない場合には、溝3に接する結晶粒(二次再結晶粒)の粒径が平均で5μm以上となる。また、溝3に接する結晶粒の粒径の上限は特に限定されないが、この上限を100×103μm以下としてもよい。
レーザ法により溝を形成する方法について説明する。
溝加工工程S09では、グラス皮膜が形成された鋼板の表面(片面のみ)に対してレーザを照射することにより、鋼板2の表面に、圧延方向Xに交差する方向に延びる複数の溝3が、圧延方向Xに所定間隔で形成される。
さらに、鋼板2の通板雰囲気に存在する、0.5μm以上の径を有する粒子の数量が、1CF(キュービックフィート)当たり10個以上10000個未満となるように雰囲気制御を行うことが好ましい。
本実施形態に係る方向性電磁鋼板1の溝3をプレス機械法により製造する方法について説明する。プレス機械法により方向性電磁鋼板に溝3を形成する場合、溝3の形状に対応させた歯型を用いて公知のプレス機械方法により溝を形成する。すなわち、歯型の長さ方向における端部に第一角度θと同じ角度の傾斜部を形成した歯型を用いて溝3が形成される。
本実施形態に係る方向性電磁鋼板1の溝を電解エッチング法により製造する方法について説明する。
絶縁皮膜形成工程S08後の方向性電磁鋼板1の表面に、溝の形状に対応する部分を開口させたエッチングレジスト層を印刷等により形成する。エッチングレジスト層の開口は、溝端部に対応する箇所では、溝長手方向Lの中央部に比べて両端部の開口幅が狭くなるように短手方向の開口幅が徐々に小さくなるように傾斜したエッチングレジストを形成する。例えば、溝平均深さDが20μm、溝短手方向Qの溝幅が50μm、且つ第一角度θを55°以下にするためには、エッチングレジストの開口は、溝短手方向Qの開口幅を100μm以上に設定し、溝端部に対応して傾斜する箇所の溝長手方向Lの長さが14μmとなるように形成される。この結果、エッチングレジストの開口幅が狭く設定された溝端部には傾斜部5が形成される。その後、エッチング液(NaCl等)を用いて、液温30℃で20秒エッチング処理を施す。続いて、方向性電磁鋼板からエッチングレジストを剥離することにより、鋼板表面2aに溝3を形成する。
脱炭焼鈍後の冷間圧延材の両面に、マグネシアを主成分とする焼鈍分離剤を塗布した(焼鈍分離剤塗布工程S06)。焼鈍分離剤を塗布した冷間圧延材をコイル状に巻き取った状態で炉に装入し、温度1200℃で20時間最終仕上焼鈍工程S07を実施し、表面にグラス皮膜が形成された鋼板地鉄を作製した。
2 鋼板
2a 鋼板表面
3 溝
L 溝長手方向
X 圧延方向
Y 板幅方向
Z 板厚方向
D 溝平均深さ
θ 第一角度
W 平均溝幅
51 第1点
52 第2点
3E 溝端直線
Claims (6)
- 圧延方向と交差する方向に延在しかつ溝深さ方向が板厚方向となる溝が形成された鋼板表面を有する鋼板を備える方向性電磁鋼板において、
前記溝は、前記溝の延在する方向である溝長手方向の溝端部には、前記鋼板表面から前記溝の底部に向かって傾斜する傾斜部を有し、
前記溝長手方向の中央部での前記鋼板表面の高さから前記板厚方向の前記溝の深さの平均値を単位μmで溝平均深さDとし、
前記傾斜部にて、前記鋼板表面の高さからの前記板厚方向の前記溝の深さが0.05×Dとなる第一点と、前記鋼板表面の高さからの前記板厚方向の前記溝の深さが0.50×Dとなる第二点とを結ぶ直線を溝端直線とし、
前記鋼板表面と前記溝端直線とが成す角度を単位°で第一角度θとし、
前記溝の前記中央部で前記溝長手方向に直交する溝幅方向断面で前記溝を見た場合に、前記溝幅方向断面の前記溝の輪郭にて前記鋼板表面の高さから前記板厚方向の前記溝の深さが0.05×Dとなる2つの点を結ぶ線分の長さである溝幅方向長さの平均値を単位μmで前記溝の平均溝幅Wとしたとき、
前記溝平均深さDを前記平均溝幅Wで除したアスペクト比Aと前記第一角度θとが、下記(1)式を満足することを特徴とする方向性電磁鋼板。
θ<-21×A+77 …(1) - 前記アスペクト比Aと前記第一角度θとが、下記(2)式を満足することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方向性電磁鋼板
θ<32×A2-55×A+73 …(2) - 前記溝平均深さDが15μm以上30μm以下のとき、前記第一角度θと、前記溝平均深さDと、前記平均溝幅Wとが、下記(3)式を満足することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の方向性電磁鋼板。
θ≦0.12×W-0.45×D+57.39 …(3) - 前記平均溝幅Wが30μm以上100μm以下のとき、前記第一角度θと、前記溝平均深さDと、前記平均溝幅Wとが、下記(4)式を満足することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の方向性電磁鋼板。
θ≦-0.37×D+0.12×W+55.39 …(4) - 前記鋼板では前記溝に接する結晶粒の粒径が5μm以上であることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の方向性電磁鋼板。
- 前記溝平均深さDが、10μm以上50μm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項5のいずれか一項に記載の方向性電磁鋼板。
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KR20200103100A (ko) * | 2018-02-08 | 2020-09-01 | 닛폰세이테츠 가부시키가이샤 | 방향성 전자 강판 |
KR102483111B1 (ko) | 2018-02-08 | 2022-12-30 | 닛폰세이테츠 가부시키가이샤 | 방향성 전자 강판 |
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KR101962055B1 (ko) | 2019-03-25 |
JPWO2016171117A1 (ja) | 2017-11-30 |
CN107208223B (zh) | 2019-01-01 |
RU2682267C1 (ru) | 2019-03-18 |
BR112017016967A2 (ja) | 2018-04-03 |
JP6418322B2 (ja) | 2018-11-07 |
EP3287537A4 (en) | 2018-10-03 |
BR112017016967B1 (pt) | 2021-07-27 |
US10434606B2 (en) | 2019-10-08 |
PL3287537T3 (pl) | 2020-06-01 |
US20180043474A1 (en) | 2018-02-15 |
KR20170100006A (ko) | 2017-09-01 |
EP3287537A1 (en) | 2018-02-28 |
EP3287537B1 (en) | 2020-01-29 |
CN107208223A (zh) | 2017-09-26 |
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