WO2016163966A1 - Cellule électrochromique et procédé de production de cellule électrochromique - Google Patents

Cellule électrochromique et procédé de production de cellule électrochromique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016163966A1
WO2016163966A1 PCT/TR2016/050100 TR2016050100W WO2016163966A1 WO 2016163966 A1 WO2016163966 A1 WO 2016163966A1 TR 2016050100 W TR2016050100 W TR 2016050100W WO 2016163966 A1 WO2016163966 A1 WO 2016163966A1
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Prior art keywords
layer
carrier layer
prussian blue
electrochromic cell
pva
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PCT/TR2016/050100
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English (en)
Inventor
Habibe TURFAN
Ceyhun Afsin DERINBOGAZ
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Grafentek Yazilim Arge San. Tic. Ltd. Sti.
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Publication of WO2016163966A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016163966A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/1514—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
    • G02F1/1516—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising organic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F2001/1502—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect complementary cell
    • G02F2001/15025—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect complementary cell having an inorganic electrochromic layer and a second solid organic electrochromic layer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/1514—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
    • G02F1/1516—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising organic material
    • G02F2001/1517—Cyano complex compounds, e.g. Prussian blue

Definitions

  • This invention is related to a production method of an electrochromic color changing cell and the electrochromic cell produced according to this method.
  • the inorganic compound called as Prussian Blue that incorporates electrochromic property is known since 1970s.
  • Prussian Blue is used with binder material and dispersing agent on glasses which have electrochromic behavior.
  • the solution obtained from using these materials can be coated to the desired surfaces which is required to be electrochromic, via using methods such as spin coating, dip coating and spray coating.
  • One of the methods as such in prior art is described in the patent document with the number of EP1991636 (Bl).
  • a polymer is used as a dispersing material which does not dissolve in suspension of Prussian Blue and which surrounds the particles in the suspension as for suspending of the particles. Due to the hydrophilic property of the used polymer, the particles are provided to remain stable without precipitating in water, alcohol or solvent. But in a method as such, these polymers surrounding Prussian Blue particles that having electrochromic behavior, decreases the electrical conductivity and reduces performance of tarnishing of these particles and remains in the coating as an undesired impurity.
  • another method in which Prussian Blue is used as electrochromic material is a method of electrokinetic coating.
  • conductive surface to be coated and cathode is provided in solution comprising Prussian Blue. Due to the applying voltage, the Prussian Blue particles surrounded with negative ions moves towards to the surface to be coated and cumulated on the surface to be coated. Although this method is slightly easy, it causes an inhomogeneous film layer on the surface to be coated due to the electrical resistance of the surface.
  • Another method in the prior art is a method of constituting electrochromic film system (cell) via using sputtering method for forming homogeneous film in controlled and high quality.
  • Sputtering method is also used in industry as semi-conductor production technique. Rather to the improvement in the production quality in terms of homogenous film thickness is provided in the electrochromic film system produced with the technique as such; the disadvantages of coating via sputtering are; the process of sputtering is time consuming, it wastes high energy and it is an expensive technique with regard to the other methods.
  • the electrochromic cells produced with such a method in the state of the art is described in the patent document US7604717 (B2).
  • the aim of the invention is, realizing a production method of an electrochromic cell and an electrochromic cell, ensuring production of a homogenous structured electrochromic material.
  • the method subject to the invention comprises the steps of: preparing Prussian Blue in Nano size via using Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and obtaining the Prussian Blue particles homogenously and applying these particles to one of the layers and then removing Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) from this layer for increasing electrical conductivity.
  • the method subject to the invention comprises the steps of; preparing Prussian Blue in nano size via using Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or
  • Prussian Blue particles in nano size applied to the related layer homogenously and the said layer is provided to be in the homogenous thickness.
  • a cathode layer is obtained via applying the inorganic layer to the lower carrier layer by spraying, the materials comprised by inorganic layer combines with lower carrier layer in homogenous dispersion and thickness.
  • the process of removing Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) from inorganic layer is realized with the method of Ozone/UV treatment and/or Corona treatment and/or Plasma treatment.
  • an anode layer in homogenous structure and thickness is obtained via applying organic layer to the upper carrier layer by technique of spraying.
  • electrochromic cell After combining cathode and anode obtained with electrolyte layer, electrochromic cell is brought into a solid form via hardening all layers.
  • said combining process of all layers via solidifying is executed by UV light.
  • the homogenous mixture comprising 20 ml (O. lmmol) K 3 FeCN 6 in 2 propanol, 80ml FeCl 2 (0.1 mmol) in 2 propanol and 5 -20 mmol PVP or PVA is mixed with a magnetic stirrer for 10 minutes at 23° C temperature.
  • KC1 which is occurred after reaction is also removed from medium in addition to nano sized Prussian Blue particles coated with PVP or PVA.
  • acetone is added in the value of two times the volume of solution for removing KC1 from medium.
  • 2 propanol in the ratio of % 90 by weight is added on Prussian Blue particles and then dispersion is being passed from a filter of 0.45 micron and therefore a dispersion of Prussian Blue nano particles, which is ready to be sprayed and is homogenous and which can be reserved without precipitating for months, is obtained.
  • an anode or a cathode which is homogenous and which has a thickness of 0.5-2 micron is obtained via heating the surface of upper carrier layer or lower carrier layer to temperature of 30 °C -80 °C during coating process of organic layer to upper carrier layer or inorganic layer to lower carrier layer.
  • an organic material in between % ⁇ to % 10 is used in water when obtaining organic layer.
  • PEDOT PSS (Poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly styrene sulfonate) in the ratio of % 1,3 is used within water in organic layer.
  • Conductive organic polymer dispersion used at organic layer is getting ready to use by passing through a filter of 0.45 micron and is applied to the upper carrier layer via spraying.
  • 2 grams of Lithium based salt having chemical formulate of LiTFSI which is an ionisable compound is mixed with the help of magnetic stirrer in 50 mL Ethylene Carbonate (EC) and 50mL Propylene Carbonate (PC) with a mixing speed of 200 rpm at room temperature for 10 min.
  • EC Ethylene Carbonate
  • PC Propylene Carbonate
  • electrolyte layer is prepared via mixing LiTFSI obtained with a polymeric material in the manner of %80 Polymer %20 salt solution with the help of magnetic stirrer with a mixing speed of 200 rpm at a temperature of 50° C for 20 min.
  • Electrochromic cell produced according to the method of the invention comprises an upper carrier layer which conducts the electric current applied to the cell to the surface of which electrochromic cell is coated and a lower carrier layer and an organic layer having an organic material which is able to change color and an inorganic layer having an electrochromic material and an electrolyte layer.
  • Electrochromic cell produced according to the method of the invention comprises an upper carrier layer and a lower carrier layer having plastic and/or glass coated with materials which has electrical conductivity and light transmittance.
  • Upper and lower carrier layers comprised by electrochromic cell comprises Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) or Fluorine doped Tin Oxide (FTO) covered plastic (such as PET) or glass.
  • ITO Indium Tin Oxide
  • FTO Fluorine doped Tin Oxide
  • Coating materials comprised by upper and lower carrier layers of electrochromic cell produced according to the method of the invention, can be selected from between: metal oxide layers (such as Indium Tin Oxide or Aluminum Zinc Oxide or Gallium Zinc Oxide or Indium Zinc Oxide) or silver nanowires or Carbon nanotubes or Graphene layers.
  • metal oxide layers such as Indium Tin Oxide or Aluminum Zinc Oxide or Gallium Zinc Oxide or Indium Zinc Oxide
  • silver nanowires or Carbon nanotubes or Graphene layers such as Indium Tin Oxide or Aluminum Zinc Oxide or Gallium Zinc Oxide or Indium Zinc Oxide
  • Plastic materials comprised by upper and lower carrier layers can be selected from between PET or PEN (Polyethylene Naphthalate) or PVDC or EVOH or PVA.
  • the thickness of plastic (such as PET) and/or glass comprised by upper carrier layer or lower carrier layer of electrochromic cell is 125- 250 micron.
  • Organic layer, comprised in electrochromic cell produced by the method of the invention comprises an organic material which is able to conduct electricity and is able to change color during ion enter/exit.
  • organic materials may be selected from between PEDOT: PSS (Poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly styrene sulfonate) or PEDOP or PEDOT or PEDOT_S or PProDOP or PProDOT.
  • Electrochromic cell possesses homogenous thickness due to the homogenous distribution of each of the electrochromic materials and layers comprised by electrochromic cell produced by invention. Besides, in consequence of the operations carried out for providing homogeneity in the method, electrical conductivity of produced electrochromic cell does not decrease but on the contrary increase. In addition, as the cell is produced in solid form; when the layers are combined, a flexible, impermeable structure occurs and the liquid structured electrolyte present in the middle layer of the cell is prevented to leak out of the cell. With the effect of the applied voltage of the electrochromic cell produced according to the method of the invention, the light transmission can be changed and the production quality of the electrochromic glasses are increased.
  • FIG. 1 Is the flow diagram of the method subject to invention.
  • FIG. 1 Is the schematical view of the electrochromic cell produced by the method subject to invention.
  • the numbering of the parts of the electrochromic cell (1) produced according to the method (100) of the invention is indicated below:
  • Electrochromic cell production method 100. Electrochromic cell production method
  • Electrochromic cell (1) produced according to the method (100) of the invention comprises an upper carrier layer (10), an organic layer (11), an electrolyte layer (12), an inorganic layer (13) and a lower carrier layer (14).
  • the upper carrier layer (10) and the lower carrier layer (14) are the layers which constitutes the uppermost and lowermost layers of the cell (1). These layers (10 and 14) are the layers which distributes, in other words conducts the electricity applied on the electrochromic cell (1) to the surface of which the electrochromic cell (1) is coated.
  • the upper carrier layer (10) and the lower carrier layer (14) comprises plastic and/or glass coated with materials which has electrical conductivity and light transmittance. These coating materials can be selected from between: metal oxide layers (such as Indium Tin Oxide or Aluminum Zinc Oxide or Gallium Zinc Oxide or Indium Zinc Oxide) or silver nano wires or Carbon nanotubes or Graphene layers.
  • upper carrier layer (10) and lower carrier layer (14) comprises Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) or FTO (Fluorine doped Tin Oxide) coated plastic (i.e PET) or glass.
  • the plastic materials comprised by upper carrier layer (10) and lower carrier layer (14) can be selected from between PEN (Polietilen Naftalat) or PVDC or EVOH or PVA.
  • Organic layer (11) comprises an organic material which conducts electricity and which is able to change color during entrance and exiting of an ion.
  • organic material as such is PEDOT: PSS (Poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly styrene sulfonate).
  • Said compound of organic layer (11), is being in water in between the ratio of % ⁇ to %10 and preferably %1,3. This organic polymer conducts electricity and changes color in between transparent - blue in due course of entrance and exiting of an ion.
  • PEDOT PSS is a mixture of two ionomers and first component of it is a negatively charged Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate from sulfonated polystyrene group.
  • the other component PEDOT is a positively charged conjugated polymer from polythiophene group. When these two molecules come together, a macro molecular salt is formed.
  • the organic compound comprised by organic layer (11) can be selected in between PEDOP or PEDOT or PEDOT_S or PProDOP or PProDOT in appropriate length of polymer chain.
  • Appropriate length of polymer chain is the length of which the electrochromic property of the electrochromic cell is not negatively affected (i.e; in 30 nm particle size).
  • the use of organic compound as such in the electrochromic cell (1) increases the speed of color change due to the conductivity of the compound.
  • Electrolyte layer (12) is a layer comprises at least one polymeric material and/or an ionisable compound (such as Li + compounds), which provides ion transfer between organic material of organic layer (11) (such as PEDOT: PSS in this embodiment) and Prussian Blue (PB). Electrolyte layer (12), is in a structure of electrically non-conductor and ionically conductor in consequence of ions built in its structure. Therefore, this prevents the short circuit occurrence in the cell (l).
  • an ionisable compound such as Li + compounds
  • Inorganic layer (13) comprises an electrochromic material.
  • inorganic layer (13) comprises iron (III) ferrocyanide, having the property of electrochromic, which is known as Prussian Blue.
  • Prussian Blue is a electrochromic material which gains a transparent color with taking electron (Indicated in Schema 4). [Fe rn Fe ]] (CN) 6 ] ⁇ e '" ⁇ [Fe ri Fe n (CN) 6 " ; blue transparent
  • the method (100) subject to the invention comprises the steps of; preparing Prussian Blue in nano size via using Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), in order to obtain inorganic layer (13), (101) applying the obtained inorganic layer (13) to the lower carrier layer (14) and therefore forming cathode of electrochromic cell (1), (102)
  • PVP Polyvinylpyrrolidone
  • PVA Polyvinyl alcohol
  • electrochromic cell (1) in a solid form via positioning cathode, electrolyte layer (12) and anode, one on the top of the other and combining all the layers by solidifying (106).
  • nano sized Prussian Blue is prepared via using Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in order to be applied to inorganic layer (13).
  • PVP Polyvinylpyrrolidone
  • PVA Polyvinyl alcohol
  • inorganic layer (13) is applied to the lower carrier layer (14) via spraying in the step of 102.
  • a homogenous layer is obtained.
  • the process of removing Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) from inorganic layer (13) in the 103 rd step is realized with the method of Ozone/UV treatment and/or Corona treatment and/or Plasma treatment.
  • organic layer (11) is applied to the upper carrier layer (10) via spraying in the 104 th step.
  • lamination process of all layers via solidifying in the 106 th step is performed by UV light.
  • PVP or PVA coated Prussian Blue nano particles are obtained.
  • acetone is added in the volume of two times of the solution.
  • particles precipitate to the bottom.
  • KCI is being removed via disposing the red colored liquid remained above.
  • 2 propanol in the ratio of % 90 by weight is added on the particles and then dispersion is being passed from a filter of 0.45 micron and therefore a dispersion of Prussian Blue nano particles, which is ready to be sprayed and is homogenous and which can be reserved without precipitating for months, is obtained (101).
  • Recoil 1 msisswa* xm Bim mcAis.o ms. m wMm f ⁇ Schema 1: The graphic indicating the size of Prussian Blue particle in the case of Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is not applied.
  • Schema 2 The graphic indicating the size of Prussian Blue particles in the case of Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is applied.
  • Inorganic layer (13) comprising Prussian Blue PVP or PVA dispersion is sprayed to the lower carrier layer (14) (102).
  • cathode of the electrochromic cell (1) is constituted.
  • Cathode is composed of combining inorganic layer (13) and lower carrier layer (14).
  • the spraying process of inorganic layer (13) to the lower carrier layer (14) of 102 nd step, is realized by the utilization of a spraying gun which uses nitrogen in the %99 purity as a propellant gas and which operates in 5 bar pressure in one embodiment of the invention.
  • the thickness of the plastic (such as PET) comprised by the lower carrier layer (14) is 125- 250 micron
  • the electrical conductivity of the ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) coating is 35 ohm/cm.
  • the surface will be heated to the temperature of 30 °C -80 °C in this embodiment. Due to the heating, a homogenous cathode layer in the thickness that is in the range of 0.5-2 micron preferably in 1.5 micron, is obtained.
  • UV/ozone unit is a unit from BulbtronicsTM in power of 16 W and emitting UV light in wavelength of 185 nm.
  • the PVP or PVA -Prussian blue (PB) coated lower carrier layer (14) is remained in the UV/ozone unit for 30 minutes at a position of 5 cm distance to the UV lamp.
  • the process of removing PVP or PVA from Prussian blue can be realized with the method of Corona treatment and/or Plasma treatment.
  • conductive polymer dispersion of PEDOT PSS used in organic layer (11) is made ready to be used by passing it from a filter of 0.45 micron and applied to the upper carrier layer (10) via spraying (104).
  • Organic layer (11) is combined with upper carrier layer (10) via spraying and thus anode of the electrochromic cell (1) is formed (104).
  • spraying process is realized by the help of a spraying gun which uses nitrogen in the %99 purity as a propellant gas and which runs in 5 bar pressure.
  • the thickness of plastic (such as PET) comprised by upper carrier layer (10) is 125 micron
  • the electrical conductivity of the ITO coating comprised by the lower carrier layer is 35 ohm/cm.
  • surface temperature is 30 -80 °C. Owing to this heating, an anode which is homogenous and in the thickness of between 0.5-2 micron and preferably in 1 micron is obtained (104).
  • an electrolyte layer (12) is present which not only sticks the layers to each other but also provides ionic conductivity, polymeric, cured under UV light.
  • LiTFSI chemical formula which is an ionisable compound is stirred in the 50 ml of Ethylene Carbonate (EC) and 50 ml of Propylene Carbonate (PC) by the help of a magnetic stirrer with 200 rpm mixing speed, in room temperature for 10 minutes.
  • Comprising LiTFSI, solution obtained as a result of the mixing process is stirred with the polymeric material comprised in the electrolyte layer (12) so as to be %80 Polymer %20 salt solution with the help of a magnetic stirrer with 200 rpm mixing speed, in 50° C temperature for 20 minutes.
  • prepared electrolyte layer (12) is applied to the upper carrier layer (10) and organic layer (11) which is called as anode that is obtained in 104 th step of the method (100) (105).
  • a working electrochromic cell (1) can be obtained with using an UV lamination machine. UV lamination machine puts into operation with the help of rollers, the rolls of anode and cathode which is positioned inside and which is coated with PEDOT and PB initially, and then the rollers fix the distance of the anode and cathode to each other via adjusting the rollers of the machine initially as to be the thickness of the lamination 200 micron.
  • UV curable electrolyte solution is spread on the surface homogenously in thickness of 200 microns before the lamination via methods like Meyer bar, doctor blade, die slot coating.
  • electrochromic cell (1) in the structure of anode-electrolyte-cathode moves between the rollers, UV light source positioned in the machine for lamination,not only provides the sticking of anode and cathode to each other but also forms the ionic layer between the layers by curing of electrochromic cell (1) due to UV light (106).

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé (100) de formation d'une cellule électrochromique (1) présentant des couches, comprenant les étapes consistant à préparer un bleu de Prusse de taille nanométrique par l'utilisation de polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) ou d'alcool polyvinylique (PVA), obtenir des particules de bleu de Prusse de taille nanométrique de façon homogène et, après application des particules obtenues sur l'une des couches, éliminer la polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) ou l'alcool polyvinylique (PVA) de ladite couche pour augmenter la conductivité électrique.
PCT/TR2016/050100 2015-04-07 2016-04-06 Cellule électrochromique et procédé de production de cellule électrochromique WO2016163966A1 (fr)

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TR2015/04244 2015-04-07
TR201504244 2015-04-07

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Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107065056A (zh) * 2017-01-22 2017-08-18 华侨大学 一种抗划伤石墨烯偏光片的制作方法
CN114690500A (zh) * 2020-12-28 2022-07-01 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 二氧化钒基宽光谱电致变色器件及其制备方法和应用
CN115430597A (zh) * 2022-11-03 2022-12-06 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 超亲水镍基多层复合膜材料及其制备方法与应用
WO2023181977A1 (fr) * 2022-03-21 2023-09-28 東ソー株式会社 Composition polymère électroconductrice et utilisation associée

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WO2006094052A2 (fr) * 2005-03-01 2006-09-08 Triton Systems, Inc. Electrolytes polymeres en gel
US7604717B2 (en) 1999-05-20 2009-10-20 Saint-Gobain Glass France Electrochemical device
EP1991636B1 (fr) 2006-03-06 2012-08-29 SKC Co., Ltd. Préparation d'un film de revêtement de bleu de prusse pour dispositif électrochromique

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US7604717B2 (en) 1999-05-20 2009-10-20 Saint-Gobain Glass France Electrochemical device
US20050254114A1 (en) * 2004-05-14 2005-11-17 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Control apparatus for optical density changing element
WO2006094052A2 (fr) * 2005-03-01 2006-09-08 Triton Systems, Inc. Electrolytes polymeres en gel
EP1991636B1 (fr) 2006-03-06 2012-08-29 SKC Co., Ltd. Préparation d'un film de revêtement de bleu de prusse pour dispositif électrochromique

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107065056A (zh) * 2017-01-22 2017-08-18 华侨大学 一种抗划伤石墨烯偏光片的制作方法
CN107065056B (zh) * 2017-01-22 2019-07-09 华侨大学 一种抗划伤石墨烯偏光片的制作方法
CN114690500A (zh) * 2020-12-28 2022-07-01 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 二氧化钒基宽光谱电致变色器件及其制备方法和应用
CN114690500B (zh) * 2020-12-28 2023-10-13 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 二氧化钒基宽光谱电致变色器件及其制备方法和应用
WO2023181977A1 (fr) * 2022-03-21 2023-09-28 東ソー株式会社 Composition polymère électroconductrice et utilisation associée
CN115430597A (zh) * 2022-11-03 2022-12-06 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 超亲水镍基多层复合膜材料及其制备方法与应用
CN115430597B (zh) * 2022-11-03 2023-03-07 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 超亲水镍基多层复合膜材料及其制备方法与应用

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