WO2016163048A1 - ネスティング方法、ネスティング装置及びネスティングプログラム - Google Patents
ネスティング方法、ネスティング装置及びネスティングプログラム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016163048A1 WO2016163048A1 PCT/JP2015/080759 JP2015080759W WO2016163048A1 WO 2016163048 A1 WO2016163048 A1 WO 2016163048A1 JP 2015080759 W JP2015080759 W JP 2015080759W WO 2016163048 A1 WO2016163048 A1 WO 2016163048A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/4093—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by part programming, e.g. entry of geometrical information as taken from a technical drawing, combining this with machining and material information to obtain control information, named part programme, for the NC machine
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to nesting in which a plurality of members are arranged on a base material with a high yield.
- the number of members per bulk carrier is about 50,000, and these are arranged on about 3,000 base materials with good yield. Is required.
- Patent Document 1 a member is randomly arranged on a material, a portion overlapping between members or a portion protruding from the material is recognized as a lap, and a virtual repulsive force is generated in the lap portion to generate a lap.
- Patent Document 2 the component type data and the material type data are held as coordinate values, and when the component type is arranged on the material type, the position of the component type whose position has been determined and the deviation of the component type temporarily arranged side by side are arranged.
- An invention relating to a component placement device is described in which the amount is calculated and the temporarily placed component mold is moved in accordance with the amount of displacement.
- Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 although effective for positioning between adjacent members, a plurality of members are arranged while sequentially arranging a plurality of members at various positions of the base material. It is not possible to solve the problem of an increase in processing time that occurs when enumerating methods are enumerated and the enumeration method for selecting the placement plan with the highest yield from the listed placement plans is applied.
- the present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and allows a design plan with a good yield to be generated while suppressing an increase in processing time when nesting is performed by applying the enumeration method. It is.
- a nesting method generates a base material placement plan while sequentially arranging a plurality of members on a base material, and generates a design plan composed of the plurality of base material placement plans. Then, when arranging the next target member of the arranged member, a plurality of base material arrangement plans in which the target member is arranged at various positions with respect to the base material having the arranged member are generated, and the arranged member
- the design plan limiting step selects a base material placement plan that is a Pareto solution for the length and width of the base material from a group of base material placement plans in which a plurality of identical members are placed. It is characterized by that.
- the design plan limiting step includes a base material placement in which a blank space position is closest to a base material placement plan having the same blank space area from a group of base material placement plans in which a plurality of identical members are disposed. It is characterized by selecting a draft.
- the design plan limiting step is a design plan in which the base material area at the current stage is already larger than the base material area when the remaining members are arranged in the design plan having the smallest base material area at the current stage. It is what is deleted.
- the nesting device is a nesting device that generates a base material placement plan while sequentially placing a plurality of members on a base material, and generates a design plan composed of the plurality of base material placement plans.
- a plurality of parent material placement plans in which the target member is placed at various positions with respect to the base material having the placed member are generated and the base material having no placed member
- Design plan limiting means for limiting the design plan to be performed, and design plan selection means for selecting the design plan with the best yield from the generated design plans after all the members are arranged.
- the nesting program of the present invention generates a base material placement plan while sequentially placing a plurality of members on the base material, and arranges members in a nesting device that generates a design plan composed of the plurality of base material placement plans.
- a plurality of base material placement plans in which the target member is placed at various positions with respect to the base material having the placed member are generated, and for the base material having no placed member.
- a design plan limiting step for limiting the design plan, and a design plan selection step for selecting a design plan with the best yield from the generated design plans after all the members are arranged. is there.
- the “base material placement plan” refers to a member placement plan for one base material.
- the “design plan” refers to an arrangement plan in which a certain group of members is arranged in the base material group, and is configured by a set of “base material placement plans”.
- the nesting method of the present invention generates a base material placement plan while sequentially placing a plurality of members on a base material, and generates a design plan composed of the plurality of base material placement plans.
- the design plan generation step when arranging the target member next to the placed member, a plurality of base material placement plans in which the target member is placed at various positions with respect to the base material having the placed member are generated.
- a plurality of determined members are arranged by generating a base material arrangement plan in which a target member is arranged with respect to a base material having no arranged members, and generating a plurality of design plans after the target member is arranged.
- design plan limiting step by limiting the design plan for subsequent member placement from among the plurality of generated design plans, an increase in processing time due to an explosive increase in the number of combinations can be suppressed. .
- the design plan selection step after all the members are arranged, the design plan with the highest yield can be selected from the generated design plans.
- the design plan limiting step is to select a base material placement plan that is a Pareto solution for the length and width of the base material from a group of base material placement plans in which a plurality of identical members are placed.
- a promising design plan including a base material placement plan that becomes a Pareto solution it is possible to leave a promising design plan including a base material placement plan that becomes a Pareto solution, and to delete the design plan that is not promising and then place the next member.
- the design plan limiting step selects a base material placement plan with the closest margin position for a base material placement plan with the same blank area from a group of base material placement plans in which a plurality of identical members are placed. If this is the case, it is possible to leave a promising design plan including a base material placement plan with the closest margin position, delete the unpromising design plan, and place the next member.
- the design plan limiting step deletes a design plan that already has a larger base material area than the base material area when the remaining members are placed in the design plan that has the smallest base material area at the current stage. In this case, the next member can be arranged after deleting a design plan that is not promising because the base material area is already large.
- the nesting apparatus of the present invention is an apparatus that can execute the nesting method of the present invention.
- the nesting program of the present invention is a program that allows the nesting apparatus of the present invention to execute the nesting method of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is an overall flowchart of a nesting method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a detailed flowchart of the design plan generation step in the overall flowchart of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of term definitions in the nesting method according to the present embodiment.
- 4 to 12 are explanatory diagrams of processing contents of each step in the flowcharts of FIGS. 1 and 2.
- the nesting method according to the present embodiment arranges a plurality of members on a plurality of base materials, as performed in the shipbuilding field.
- Member means a part to be cut out from a steel plate or the like as a base material.
- the member 101 shown in FIG. 3 has various sizes and shapes as indicated by reference numerals (1) to (4), and a plurality of members as indicated by reference numeral (5) are substantially rectangular. Such combinations are also included.
- Base material refers to a steel plate or the like on which members are arranged. As shown in the base material 102 (base material 1 and base material 2) in FIG. 3, by arranging a plurality of members, it is designed as a plurality of rectangular plate materials of various sizes. Note that the minimum size and the maximum size are determined as the base material design conditions.
- Base material placement plan refers to a member placement plan for one base material.
- the base material placement plan 1 includes the members (1) and (2)
- the base material placement plan 2 includes the members (3) and (4). It is arranged.
- Design plan refers to an arrangement plan in which a certain group of members is arranged in a base material group, and is composed of a set of “base material placement plans”.
- the design plan 1 is composed of one base material placement plan 1, and the members (1) to (4) are placed on one base material.
- the design plan 2 includes two base material placement plans. The base material placement plan 1 in which the member (1) and the member (2) are placed, and the mother in which the member (3) and the member (4) are placed. The material arrangement plan 2 is included.
- the nesting method according to the present embodiment generates a “base material placement plan” while sequentially placing a plurality of “members” on the “base material”, and a “design plan” configured by the plurality of “base material placement plans”. And a design plan with the best yield is selected from the plurality of generated design plans.
- the nesting method according to the present embodiment can be realized by causing an information processing apparatus such as a personal computer to function as a nesting apparatus by a program that executes the following steps.
- description will be given along the flowcharts of FIGS. 1 and 2.
- Reading member data Data (coordinate points, reading order, etc.) indicating the shape, size, etc. of each member is prepared in advance as CAD data, and all member data arranged in the nesting operation is read (step S100).
- a pair member having a shape substantially similar to a rectangle is formed by combining substantially triangular and L-shaped members (step S200).
- the pairing process is automatically performed by a known pairing program on the basis of the rectangular ratio after the pairing.
- step S300 All members (including pair members) are rearranged in descending order of area (step S300). In the subsequent processing, the members are arranged from a member having a large area in this order.
- Target member attention Attention is paid to the next member (member to be placed next) after the placed member (step S400).
- the member focused on at this time is called “target member”.
- the left two members 401 and 402 of the five members have already been arranged, and the third member 403 is the target member.
- One target member is treated as a target member through the processes of the subsequent design plan generation step (S500) and design plan limitation step (S600), and when these processes are completed, the next member is focused and becomes a new target member This is repeated until all members are arranged (step S700). Note that when the first member is arranged, the already arranged member does not exist, so the first member is the target member.
- Design plan generation A design plan is generated while arranging the target members focused on in step S400 (step S500). The design plan generation step will be described with reference to FIG.
- Design plan focus Attention is paid to one design plan among the design plans in which the members up to the target member have already been arranged (step S501). As shown in FIG. 5, four design plans in which the member 401 and the member 402 are already arranged are generated.
- the design plan 1 is composed of two base material placement plans, and the design plans 2 to 4 are composed of one base material placement plan.
- One focused design plan is treated as a focused design plan through the processing of subsequent steps S502 to S507, and when these processes are completed, the next designed plan is focused and new processing of steps S502 to S507 is performed. This is repeated until all design proposals have been processed (step S508).
- Base material placement plan attention Of the design plans focused on in step S501, focus on one base material placement plan (step S502). Here, attention is paid to the base material arrangement plan 1 in which the member 401 is arranged from the two base material arrangement plans of the design plan 1 shown in FIG.
- One focused base material placement plan is treated as a focused design plan through the processing of the subsequent steps S503 to S506, and when these processings are completed, the next base material placement plan is focused and a new step S503 to step is performed.
- the process of S505 is performed, and the process is repeated until all the base material placement plans are processed (step S506).
- the target member is arranged with respect to the base material arrangement plan focused in step S502 (step S503).
- the target member is placed so that it does not overlap with the placed member and the lower left point of the target member (hereinafter referred to as the “reference point”) cannot move left or down in the base material.
- the lower left point of the target member 403 is used as a reference point, and the target member 403 is arranged with respect to the base material having the arranged member 401.
- a base material placement plan in which the target member 403 is placed to the right of the placed member 401 and a base material placement plan in which the target member 403 is placed on the placed member 401 are generated.
- the position of the reference point is not particularly limited.
- the target member arrangement in step S503 is performed while rotating the base material (step S504).
- the base material angles are four angles of 0 °, 90 °, 180 °, and 270 °, and the target member is arranged at each angle according to the concept of step S503 (arrangement by reference points).
- FIG. 7 shows a state in which the target member 403 is arranged at each of the base material angles 90 °, 180 °, and 270 ° while the base material 401 is sequentially rotated after the base material placement plan is created at a base material angle of 0 °. Is shown.
- the target member may be arranged at a base material angle other than the above four base material angles.
- the target member placement in step S503 is performed while rotating the target member (step S505).
- the target member angle is rotated 360 ° in increments of 15 °, and the target member is arranged at each angle according to the concept of step S503 (arrangement by reference points).
- FIG. 8 shows a state in which the target member is arranged at each angle while the target member 403 is sequentially rotated in increments of 15 ° after the base material placement plan is created at the target member angle of 0 °. And this arrangement
- positioning process is performed in all the said 4 base material angles.
- the rotation step angle of the target member may be an angle other than 15 °.
- the base material placement plan for the target member is generated for all base material placement plans
- the base material placement plan for placing the target member on a new base material is generated (step S507).
- FIG. 9 shows that when the target member 403 is arranged for the design plan 1, the target member 403 is arranged on the new base material 3 instead of the base material 1 on which the member 401 is already arranged and the base material 2 on which the member 402 is arranged. It shows how to do.
- step S500 when the next target member of the placed member is placed by the design plan generation step (step S500), a plurality of target members are placed at various positions with respect to the base material having the placed member.
- a base material placement plan is generated (steps S502 to S506), and a base material placement plan in which a target member is placed on a base material that does not have a placed member is generated (step S507).
- Multiple design proposals can be generated.
- step S600 Design plan only
- This design plan limiting step is important in order to suppress an increase in processing time due to an explosive increase in the number of combinations, and is an application of the concept of the branch and limit method in the enumeration method.
- design plan limiting methods There are various design plan limiting methods. In this embodiment, the following three limiting methods are used. In addition, the limiting method shown below is an independent method, and each may use one and may combine multiple.
- the limitation by the Pareto solution is to select a base material arrangement plan that becomes a Pareto solution for the vertical and horizontal lengths of the base material from a base material arrangement group in which a plurality of identical members are arranged.
- a to I are generated as a base material arrangement plan in which the member 401 and the member 403 are arranged.
- the length and width of the base material in each base material arrangement plan are different.
- the base material of the base material arrangement plan A is 1163 mm long and 4158 mm wide.
- the vertical length is the same, but the horizontal length is longer in the base material placement plan E.
- E is said to be controlled by A when both the vertical and horizontal lengths are the same or long. Since the controlled base material placement plan E has no vertical or horizontal advantage over the base material placement plan A, it is determined that it is not promising even if the subsequent member placement is performed, and the base material placement ruled Select plan A as the base material placement plan that should remain. And about the design plan containing the base material arrangement plan E, a design plan is limited not to perform subsequent base material arrangement.
- the controlling base material arrangement plan C is selected as a base material arrangement plan to be left. And about a design plan containing the base material arrangement plan D, a design plan is limited not to perform subsequent member arrangement.
- the base material placement plan A, the base material placement plan C, and the base material placement plan F are finally selected as the base material placement plans to be left.
- the design plan for arranging the members is limited.
- the other base material placement plans B, D, E, G, H, and I are governed by any of the base material placement plans A, C, and F, and the base material placement plans B, D, E, G, and H For the design plan including I, the subsequent member arrangement is not performed.
- the limitation by the margin position is based on the matrix arrangement plan in which the margin positions are closest to the matrix arrangement plan having the same margin area from the matrix arrangement group in which a plurality of identical members are arranged. It is to be selected.
- the proximity of the margin positions means that it is easy to arrange the next target member. On the contrary, the fact that the margin positions are separated is determined not to be promising even if the subsequent member arrangement is performed.
- J to M are generated as a base material arrangement plan in which the member 401 and the member 403 are arranged.
- the blank areas of the base material placement plan J and the base material placement plan K are the same.
- the blank area of the base material placement plan L and the base material placement plan M is the same.
- the proximity degree of the margin position can be determined by dividing the base material arrangement plan into a mesh shape, for example, and how long the margin mesh is continuous.
- the base material placement plan J and the base material placement plan K are compared, the base material placement plan J is closer to the blank space than the base material placement plan K. Accordingly, the base material placement plan J is selected as the base material placement plan to be left. And about the design plan containing the base material arrangement plan K, a design plan is limited not to perform subsequent base material arrangement.
- the base material placement plan M is closer to the blank space than the base material placement plan L. Accordingly, the base material placement plan M is selected as the base material placement plan to be left. And about the design plan containing the base material arrangement plan L, a design plan is limited not to perform subsequent base material arrangement.
- the limitation by the base material area is a design plan in which the base material area at the current stage is already larger than the base material area when the remaining members are arranged in the design plan with the smallest base material area at the current stage. Is to be deleted. This limiting method is particularly effective when the remaining members in the latter half of nesting are reduced. In this case, placing the remaining members in the design plan with the smallest base material area at the current stage is more advantageous than placing the remaining members in the design plan already having a large base material area at the current stage. Is determined not to be promising even if the following member arrangement is performed.
- design plans 1 to 6 are generated as design plans in which the member 401, the member 402, and the member 403 are arranged.
- Each base material area (unit: cm 2 ) is design plan 1 (32000), design plan 2 (45000), design plan 3 (57000), design plan 4 (41000), design plan 5 (46500), and design plan. 6 (63000).
- the minimum base material length and the minimum base material height are determined for the base material, and these lengths are required at least in order to purchase the base material. In calculating the base material area, the minimum base material length and the minimum base material height are taken into consideration.
- design plan 1 (32000) has the smallest base metal area at this stage. If the remaining members 404 and 405 are arranged with respect to the design plan 1, the design plan 1 'is obtained.
- the base material area of the design plan 1 ′ is 35500 by adding 3500 to the base material area 32000 of the design plan 1.
- the design plans 2 to 6 already exceed the base material area (35500) of the design plan 1 ′ at the present stage. Limit.
- step S800 a design plan with the best yield is selected from the remaining design plans.
- the nesting method generates a base material placement plan while sequentially placing a plurality of members on the base material, and generates a design plan composed of the plurality of base material placement plans.
- the design plan generation step (step S500) when arranging the next target member after the placed member, a plurality of base material placement plans in which the target member is placed at various positions with respect to the base material having the placed member. And generating a plurality of design plans after the target member placement by generating a base material placement plan in which the target member is placed on a base material having no placed member.
- step S600 by limiting the design plans for subsequent member placement from among the generated multiple design plans, an increase in processing time due to an explosive increase in the number of combinations is suppressed. can do.
- step S800 after all the members are arranged, the design plan with the best yield can be selected from the remaining design plans.
- the design plan limiting step is to select a base material placement plan that is a Pareto solution for the vertical and horizontal lengths of the base material from a group of base material placement plans in which a plurality of identical members are placed (step S601). In some cases, it is possible to leave a promising design plan including a base material placement plan as a Pareto solution, and delete the design plan that is not promising, and then place the next member.
- the design plan limiting step selects a base material placement plan with the closest margin position for a base material placement plan with the same blank area from a group of base material placement plans in which a plurality of identical members are placed. If it is to be performed (step S602), a promising design plan including the base material placement plan with the closest margin position is left, and the next member is placed after deleting the non-promising design plan. be able to.
- the design plan limiting step deletes a design plan that already has a larger base material area than the base material area when the remaining members are placed in the design plan that has the smallest base material area at the current stage.
- the next member can be arranged after deleting the design plan that is not promising because the base material area is already large.
- the nesting method according to the present embodiment when nesting is performed by applying the enumeration method, it is possible to generate a design plan with a good yield while suppressing an increase in processing time.
- FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing a main configuration of the nesting device according to the present embodiment.
- the configuration of the nesting device shown in FIG. 13 is an example, and the present invention is not limited to this.
- the nesting apparatus according to the present embodiment includes a design plan generation unit 10, a design plan limitation unit 20, a design plan selection unit 30, a member DB 40, and a design plan DB 50.
- the design plan generation unit 10 generates a base material placement plan while sequentially arranging a plurality of members on the base material based on the member data read into the member DB 40, and a design plan configured by the plurality of base material placement plans Is generated and stored in the design plan DB.
- the design plan limiting unit 20 limits the design plan for subsequent member placement from the design plans stored in the design plan DB. Perform the process.
- the design plan generation unit 10 acquires a design plan for performing the subsequent member placement limited by the design plan limitation unit 20 from the design plan DB when placing the next target member after the placed member. Then, for the acquired design plan, a plurality of base material placement plans in which the target member is placed at various positions with respect to the base material having the placed member are generated, and for the base material having no placed member. Then, a base material placement plan in which the target member is placed is generated, and a plurality of design plans after the target member placement is generated.
- the design plan selection unit 30 acquires the design plan generated from the design plan DB after all the members are arranged by the processing of the design plan generation unit 10 and the design plan limitation unit 20, and the design plan with the highest yield is obtained. The process of selecting is performed.
- various base material placement plans are generated by the placement by reference points, the base material rotation, and the target member rotation.
- the base material placement plan may be generated while continuing.
- the present invention is applicable not only to the shipbuilding field but also to other fields when nesting is performed in which a plurality of members are arranged on a plurality of base materials.
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Abstract
Description
各部材の形状や大きさ等を示すデータ(座標点、読取順等)は、予めCADデータとして用意されており、本ネスティング作業において配置するすべての部材データを読み込む(ステップS100)。
図4に示すように、読み取った部材データに基づいて、ほぼ同一形状で三角形やL字形等の部材を組み合わせることにより、比較的矩形状に近い形のペア部材を作る(ステップS200)。ペアリング処理は、公知のペアリングプログラムにより、ペアリング後の矩形率等を基準として自動的に行われる。
すべての部材(ペア部材を含む)を、面積降順に並び替える(ステップS300)。以降の処理では、この順番により面積の大きな部材から配置していく。
配置済部材の次の部材(次に配置すべき部材)に着目する(ステップS400)。このとき着目した部材を「対象部材」という。図4に示すように、5つの部材のうち左側2つの部材401、部材402は既に配置済であり、3番目の部材403が対象部材となる。1つの対象部材は、以降の設計案生成ステップ(S500)及び設計案限定ステップ(S600)の処理を通して対象部材として扱われ、これらの処理が終了すると次の部材が着目されて新たな対象部材となり、すべての部材が配置されるまで繰り返される(ステップS700)。なお、1番目の部材を配置する際には、まだ配置済部材は存在していないため、1番目の部材が対象部材となる。
ステップS400で着目した対象部材を配置しながら、設計案を生成する(ステップS500)。設計案生成ステップについては、図2を参照して説明する。
対象部材の前までの部材が配置済の設計案の中から、1つの設計案に着目する(ステップS501)。図5に示すように、既に部材401及び部材402を配置した設計案が4つ生成されている。設計案1は2つの母材配置案から構成されており、設計案2~4は1つの母材配置案から構成されている。ここでは、図5に示す設計案1に着目する。着目した1つの設計案は、以降のステップS502~ステップS507の処理を通して着目した設計案として扱われ、これらの処理が終了すると次の設計案が着目されて新たにステップS502~ステップS507の処理が行われ、すべての設計案について処理されるまで繰り返される(ステップS508)。
ステップS501で着目した設計案の中から、1つの母材配置案に着目する(ステップS502)。ここでは、図6に示す設計案1の2つの母材配置案の中から、部材401を配置した母材配置案1に着目する。着目した1つの母材配置案は、以降のステップS503~ステップS506の処理を通して着目した設計案として扱われ、これらの処理が終了すると次の母材配置案が着目されて新たにステップS503~ステップS505の処理が行われ、すべての母材配置案について処理されるまで繰り返される(ステップS506)。
ステップS502で着目した母材配置案に対して対象部材を配置する(ステップS503)。対象部材の配置は、配置済部材に重ならず、かつ、対象部材の左下の点(以下、「参照点」という。)が母材内で左にも下にも動けないような位置に配置することにより行う。図6に示す対象部材配置においては、対象部材403の左下の点を参照点とし、配置済部材401を有する母材に対して対象部材403を配置している。この場合、対象部材403を配置済部材401の右に配置した母材配置案と、対象部材403を配置済部材401の上に配置した母材配置案が生成される。なお、参照点の位置は特に限定されない。
ステップS503における対象部材配置を、母材を回転させながら行う(ステップS504)。母材角度は、0°、90°、180°、270°の4つの角度とし、各角度においてステップS503の考え方(参照点による配置)により対象部材を配置する。図7は、母材角度0°で母材配置案を作成した後で、母材401を順次回転しながら母材角度90°、180°、270°の各角度において対象部材403を配置する様子を示している。なお、上記4つの母材角度以外の母材角度において対象部材を配置するようにしてもよい。
ステップS503における対象部材配置を、対象部材を回転させながら行う(ステップS505)。対象部材角度は、例えば15°刻みで360°回転させて、各角度においてステップS503の考え方(参照点による配置)により対象部材を配置する。図8は、対象部材角度0°で母材配置案を作成した後で、対象部材403を15°刻みで順次回転しながら各角度において対象部材を配置する様子を示している。そして、この配置処理を上記4つの母材角度のすべてにおいて行う。なお、対象部材の回転刻み角度は15°以外の角度としてもよい。
すべての母材配置案に対して対象部材の母材配置案を生成すると、次に新たな母材に対象部材を配置する母材配置案を生成する(ステップS507)。図9は、設計案1について対象部材403を配置するに際し、既に部材401が配置された母材1及び部材402が配置された母材2ではなく、新たな母材3に対象部材403を配置する様子を示している。
対象部材の配置により複数の設計案が生成されると、次の対象部材に着目することとなるが、その前に、生成した複数の設計案の中から、以降の部材配置を行う設計案を限定する(ステップS600)。この設計案限定ステップは、組み合わせの数の爆発的増加による処理時間の増大を抑制するために重要なものであり、列挙法における分枝限定法の考え方を適用したものである。設計案の限定方法は様々なものが考えられるが、本実施形態では以下の3つの限定方法により処理する。なお、以下に示す限定方法は独立したものであり、各々1つを用いてもよいし、複数を組み合わせてもよい。
パレート解による限定(ステップS601)は、複数の同一部材が配置された母材配置群の中から、母材の縦横長さについてパレート解となる母材配置案を選定するものである。図10を参照して説明すると、現段階で、部材401及び部材403を配置した母材配置案としてA~Iが生成されている。各々の母材配置案における母材の縦横の長さは異なっている。例えば、母材配置案Aの母材は、縦1163mm、横4158mmである。
余白位置による限定(ステップS602)は、複数の同一部材が配置された母材配置群の中から、余白面積が同一となる母材配置案について余白位置が最も近接している母材配置案を選定するものである。余白位置が近接しているということは、次の対象部材を配置しやすいということであある。反対に余白位置が離間しているということは、以降の部材配置を行っても有望でないと判断する。図11を参照して説明すると、現段階で、部材401及び部材403を配置した母材配置案としてJ~Mが生成されている。母材配置案Jと母材配置案Kの余白面積は同一である。また、母材配置案Lと母材配置案Mの余白面積は同一である。なお、余白位置の近接度合は、例えば母材配置案をメッシュ状に分割し、余白のメッシュがどれだけ連続しているかにより判定することができる。
母材面積による限定(ステップS603)は、現段階の母材面積が最少である設計案に残りの部材を配置したときの母材面積よりも、既に現段階の母材面積が大きな設計案を削除するものである。この限定方法は、ネスティング後半の残り部材が少なくなったときに特に有効なものである。この場合、現段階の母材面積が最少である設計案に残りの部材を配置する方が、既に現段階の母材面積が大きい設計案に残りの部材を配置するよりも優位であり、後者については以降の部材配置を行っても有望でないと判断する。
20 設計案限定手段
30 設計案選択手段
40 部材DB
50 設計案DB
Claims (6)
- 複数の部材を母材に順次配置しながら母材配置案を生成し、複数の母材配置案により構成される設計案を生成するネスティング方法であって、
配置済部材の次の対象部材を配置するに際し、配置済部材を有する母材に対して対象部材を様々な位置に配置した複数の母材配置案を生成するとともに、配置済部材を有しない母材に対して対象部材を配置した母材配置案を生成して、対象部材配置後の複数の設計案を生成する設計案生成ステップと、
前記生成した複数の設計案の中から、以降の部材配置を行う設計案を限定する設計案限定ステップと、
すべての部材を配置した後で、生成された設計案の中から最も歩留まりの良い設計案を選択する設計案選択ステップと、
を含むことを特徴とするネスティング方法。 - 前記設計案限定ステップが、複数の同一部材が配置された母材配置案群の中から、母材の縦横の長さについてパレート解となる母材配置案を選定するものであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のネスティング方法。
- 前記設計案限定ステップが、複数の同一部材が配置された母材配置案群の中から、余白面積が同一となる母材配置案について余白位置が最も近接している母材配置案を選定するものであることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載のネスティング方法。
- 前記設計案限定ステップが、現段階の母材面積が最少である設計案に残りの部材を配置したときの母材面積よりも、既に現段階の母材面積が大きな設計案を削除するものであることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項3のうちいずれか1つに記載のネスティング方法。
- 複数の部材を母材に順次配置しながら母材配置案を生成し、複数の母材配置案により構成される設計案を生成するネスティング装置であって、
配置済部材の次の対象部材を配置するに際し、配置済部材を有する母材に対して対象部材を様々な位置に配置した複数の母材配置案を生成するとともに、配置済部材を有しない母材に対して対象部材を配置した母材配置案を生成して、対象部材配置後の複数の設計案を生成する設計案生成手段と、
前記生成した複数の設計案の中から、以降の部材配置を行う設計案を限定する設計案限定手段と、
すべての部材を配置した後で、生成された設計案の中から最も歩留まりの良い設計案を選択する設計案選択手段と、
を有することを特徴とするネスティング装置。 - 複数の部材を母材に順次配置しながら母材配置案を生成し、複数の母材配置案により構成される設計案を生成するネスティング装置に、
配置済部材の次の対象部材を配置するに際し、配置済部材を有する母材に対して対象部材を様々な位置に配置した複数の母材配置案を生成するとともに、配置済部材を有しない母材に対して対象部材を配置した母材配置案を生成して、対象部材配置後の複数の設計案を生成する設計案生成ステップと、
前記生成した複数の設計案の中から、以降の部材配置を行う設計案を限定する設計案限定ステップと、
すべての部材を配置した後で、生成された設計案の中から最も歩留まりの良い設計案を選択する設計案選択ステップと、
を実行させるためのネスティングプログラム。
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