WO2016161956A1 - 茚达特罗或其盐的制备方法 - Google Patents

茚达特罗或其盐的制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2016161956A1
WO2016161956A1 PCT/CN2016/078777 CN2016078777W WO2016161956A1 WO 2016161956 A1 WO2016161956 A1 WO 2016161956A1 CN 2016078777 W CN2016078777 W CN 2016078777W WO 2016161956 A1 WO2016161956 A1 WO 2016161956A1
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formula
acid
compound
salt
indacaterol
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王小宁
刘飞
张喜全
顾红梅
陈智林
张洪英
江金凤
刘艳妮
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Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Group Co Ltd
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Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Group Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201680024493.XA priority Critical patent/CN107531636B/zh
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D215/00Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems
    • C07D215/02Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D215/16Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D215/20Oxygen atoms
    • C07D215/24Oxygen atoms attached in position 8
    • C07D215/26Alcohols; Ethers thereof
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/55Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups

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  • the present invention belongs to the field of pharmaceutical synthesis, and in particular, the present invention provides a process for preparing indacaterol or a salt thereof.
  • the CAS number of indatrol is 312753-06-3, and the compound name is (R)-5-[2-(5,6-diethyl-indan-2-ylamino)-1-hydroxy-ethyl ]-8-Hydroxy-1H-quinolin-2-one, having the structural formula shown below:
  • Indacaterol is an enantiomerically pure compound which, when prepared, is intermediate (R)-5-[2-(5,6-diethyl-indan-2-ylamino)-1-hydroxy- Indaprolol can be obtained by removing the protecting group R from ethyl]-8-substituted oxy-1H-quinolin-2-one.
  • This intermediate can be prepared by the following reaction:
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a process for preparing indacaterol or a salt thereof, by which high-purity indacaterol or a salt thereof can be obtained, the content of impurities is remarkably reduced, and the safety of the drug is ensured.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an intermediate for the preparation of indacaterol or a salt thereof and use thereof.
  • the present invention provides a process for the preparation of indacaterol or a salt thereof, the method comprising the steps of:
  • R is a phenolic hydroxyl protecting group
  • HX is salicylic acid, acetylsalicylic acid and/or oxalic acid
  • the compound of formula IV is present in an amount from 5 to 20%; in some embodiments, the compound of formula IV is present in an amount from 10 to 20%; in some embodiments, the compound of formula III is present in an amount from 10 to 25% In some embodiments, the compound of formula III is present in an amount from 15 to 20%; in some embodiments, the compound of formula II is present in an amount from 55 to 85%; in some embodiments, the compound of formula II is present in an amount from 60 to 75 %. In some embodiments, the compound of formula II is present in an amount from 10% to 20%, the compound of formula III is from 15% to 25%, and the compound of formula IV is present in an amount from 55% to 70%.
  • the “content” as used in the present invention means the content obtained by the area normalization method as measured by HPLC analysis.
  • the HPLC analysis method is, for example, the method described in the specific examples.
  • the solvent in the step (i) is capable of dissolving the mixture and the salicylic acid, acetylsalicylic acid and/or Or oxalic acid; preferably, the solvent includes, but is not limited to, one or more of a C 1-6 alkyl alcohol, dichloromethane, dimethylformamide, and tetrahydrofuran; further preferably, the C 1-6
  • the alkyl alcohol includes one or more of methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, and pentanol; more preferably, the solvent is n-butanol and/or ethanol.
  • the solvent is ethanol.
  • the solvent is n-butanol and ethanol.
  • a molar excess of salicylic acid or acetylsalicylic acid is used in step (i) relative to the compound of formula II.
  • the reaction is carried out with and/or oxalic acid; for example, using 1 to 10 moles of the salicylic acid, acetylsalicylic acid and/or oxalic acid; preferably, a 2-fold molar amount is used.
  • the reaction temperature in the step (i) is from 0 ° C to 90 ° C, preferably from 60 ° C to 90 ° C, further preferably from 70 ° C to 90 ° °C.
  • the solvent used in the step (i) is as described above, and the amount of salicylic acid, acetylsalicylic acid and/or oxalic acid is used.
  • the solvent in the step (i) is n-butanol and/or ethanol, and the salicylic acid, acetylsalicylic acid and/or oxalic acid are used in an amount of from 1 to 4 moles relative to the moles of the compound of the formula II. Carry out the reaction.
  • the solvent used in the step (i) is as described above, and the reaction temperature is as described above.
  • the solvent in the step (i) is n-butanol and/or ethanol, and the reaction temperature is from 0 ° C to 90 ° C.
  • the solvent in step (i) is ethanol; in some embodiments, the solvent in step (i) is n-butanol and ethanol; in some embodiments, the volume ratio of n-butanol to ethanol is 1:1. ⁇ 10; In some embodiments, the volume ratio of n-butanol to ethanol is from 1:3 to 6.
  • the solvent used in the step (i) is as described above; the amounts of salicylic acid, acetylsalicylic acid and/or oxalic acid are as above Said; and the reaction temperature is as described above.
  • the R in the method for producing indacaterol or a salt thereof of the present invention, includes an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group, an aralkyl group, a halogenated alkyl group or a substituted silyl group.
  • the R is selected from benzyl or tert-butyldimethylsilyl.
  • the mixture in the preparation method of indaprol or a salt thereof according to the present invention, can be prepared as follows: in the presence of a solvent, 5,6-di-B represented by Formula V Base-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-2-amine and 8-substituted oxy-5-(R)-oxiranyl-1H-quinolin-2-one of formula VI Reacting to obtain the mixture;
  • R in the compound of formula VI is the same as the definition of R in the compound of formula II.
  • R is benzyl or tert-butyldimethylsilyl.
  • the method further comprises separating and/or crystallizing the obtained compound of the formula I, preferably Separation and crystallization; preferably, crystallization is carried out using an alcohol solvent, and further preferably, the alcohol solvent is ethanol.
  • the preparation method of the indacaterol or the salt thereof of the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • step (b) treating the mixture of step (a) with salicylic acid, acetylsalicylic acid and/or oxalic acid to provide a compound of formula I;
  • the acid used in the acid treatment is an organic carboxylic acid such as benzoic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid or tartaric acid. Preferred; maleic acid;
  • R in the compound of formula I, formula II or formula VI is a phenolic hydroxy protecting group, preferably said R comprises an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxy group, an arylalkyl group, a haloalkyl group or a substituted silyl group; further preferably The R is selected from benzyl or tert-butyldimethylsilyl.
  • HX is salicylic acid, acetylsalicylic acid and/or oxalic acid
  • HY is the acid used in the acid treatment
  • the salicylic acid, acetylsalicylic acid and/or oxalic acid described in step (b) may be directly mixed with the mixture of step (a), or salicylic acid, acetylsalicylic acid and/or oxalic acid are dissolved in the solvent. (eg, ethanol) is then mixed with the mixture of step (a) to form a salt in a molar excess of salicylic acid, acetylsalicylic acid and/or oxalic acid relative to the compound of formula VI at a temperature of from 0 ° C to 90 ° °C.
  • solvent eg, ethanol
  • n-butanol and/or ethanol is used as a solvent, and the molar ratio of the compound of the formula V to the compound of the formula VI is 1.15 to 1.3:1, the reaction temperature is 95 ° C to 120 ° C.
  • the step (ii) comprises the step of removing the phenolic hydroxyl protecting group R from the compound of the formula I to obtain a compound of the formula VII:
  • Direct conversion of the compound of formula VII to an indacaterol salt optionally, converting the indacaterol salt to indacaterol;
  • the acid used in the acid treatment is an organic carboxylic acid, such as benzene Formic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid or tartaric acid; maleic acid is further preferred.
  • step (ii) Including the following steps:
  • the step (ii) comprises the steps of:
  • the acid used in the acid treatment is an organic carboxylic acid such as benzoic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid or tartaric acid; preferably maleic acid;
  • HY is the acid used in the acid treatment
  • the invention provides an intermediate for the preparation of indacaterol or a salt thereof, the intermediate being a compound of formula I or a compound of formula VII:
  • R is a phenolic hydroxy protecting group, preferably R comprises an alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aralkyl, haloalkyl or substituted silyl group; preferably, said R is benzyl Or tert-butyldimethylsilyl;
  • HX is salicylic acid, acetylsalicylic acid and/or oxalic acid.
  • the intermediate for preparing indacaterol or a salt thereof of the present invention has a formula Structure shown in I-1, Formula I-2 or Formula I-3:
  • the invention provides a crystallization of a compound of formula 1-1, wherein, in the use of Cu-K ⁇ radiation, in an X-ray powder diffraction pattern, at a degree of 2 ⁇ degrees of about 7.06, 10.66, 12.13, 19.78, 23.33, 24.25 a diffraction peak; preferably, a diffraction peak at a degree of 2 ⁇ degrees of about 7.06, 10.66, 11.56, 12.13, 12.55, 13.89, 15.39, 16.43, 17.01, 17.66, 18.41, 19.33, 19.78, 21.69, 23.33, 24.25, 25.25; Further preferably, the degrees of 2 ⁇ are about 7.06, 7.87, 10.66, 11.56, 12.13, 12.55, 13.89, 15.39, 15.62, 16.43, 17.01, 17.66, 18.41, 19.33, 19.78, 20.19, 21.00, 21.69, 23.33, 24.25, 25.25, There are diffraction peaks at 26.14, 27.
  • the present invention provides a crystallization of a compound of formula 1-2, wherein, in the use of Cu-K ⁇ radiation, it has an X-ray powder diffraction pattern at about 2,427, 10.69, 21.57, 22.98, 24.64 degrees of 2 ⁇ .
  • a diffraction peak preferably, having diffraction peaks at about 2:27, 7.24, 10.69, 11.74, 14.16, 17.84, 20.21, 21.57, 22.98, 24.64, 28.86; further preferably, at a degree of 2 ⁇ of about 5.27, 7.24, 10.69, 11.74, 12.82, 14.16, 17.00, 17.84, 18.26, 20.21, 20.57, 21.57, 22.10, 22.98, 23.41, 24.64, 28.86 have diffraction peaks; more preferably, when using Cu-K ⁇ radiation, the compound of formula I-2 The spectrum of the crystallized XRD is shown in Fig. 2.
  • the invention provides the use of an intermediate of the invention, a crystallization of a compound of formula 1-1 or a crystallization of a compound of formula 1-2 in the preparation of indacaterol or a salt thereof.
  • the invention provides a process for the preparation of a compound of formula I, which comprises the steps of:
  • step (B) treating the mixture obtained in step (A) with salicylic acid, acetylsalicylic acid and/or oxalic acid to obtain the corresponding salt of the compound of formula II, ie a compound of formula I; and optionally
  • R is a phenolic hydroxyl protecting group
  • HX is salicylic acid, acetylsalicylic acid and/or oxalic acid.
  • the R is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aralkyl, haloalkyl and substituted silyl; preferred R is selected from benzyl or tert-butyldimethylsilyl.
  • the molar ratio of the compound of the formula V to the compound of the formula VI is 1.15 to 1.3 in the step (A) using n-butanol and/or ethanol as a solvent. : 1, the temperature is 95 ° C ⁇ 120 ° C.
  • the invention provides a process for the preparation of a compound of formula I, comprising:
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing an indacaterol salt, comprising:
  • R is a protecting group
  • HX and HY are each a corresponding acid.
  • the protecting group R of the present invention is a protecting group for a phenolic hydroxyl group known to those skilled in the art.
  • R is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, aralkyl, haloalkyl and substituted silyl. More preferably, R is selected from benzyl or tert-butyldimethylsilyl.
  • step (1) step (a) or step (A)
  • a suitable solvent which is capable of dissolving the mixture of step (1), step (a) or step (A), including but not It is limited to C 1 to 6 alkyl alcohols (for example, methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, pentanol), dichloromethane, dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran.
  • the solvent is ethanol.
  • step (1) step (a) or step (A), in some embodiments of the invention, the solvent is n-butanol and/or ethanol.
  • the molar ratio of the reactants it is preferred to use an excess of the compound of formula V with respect to the compound of formula VI.
  • the molar ratio of the compound of Formula VI to the compound of Formula V is from 1:1.15 to 1.3; in a preferred embodiment, the molar ratio of the compound of Formula VI to the compound of Formula V is 1:1.2.
  • the temperature of the reaction is from 50 ° C to 140 ° C; in some embodiments, the temperature of the reaction is from 95 ° C to 120 ° C; in some specific embodiments, the temperature of the reaction is 100 °C ⁇ 110 °C.
  • the 8-substituted oxy-5-(R)-oxiranyl-1H-quinolin-2-one is 8-benzyloxy-5-(R)-ethylene oxide Base-1H-quinolin-2-one.
  • the step (a) or the step (A) the molar ratio of the compound of the formula VI to the compound of the formula V is 1:1.15 to 1.3, using n-butanol and/or ethanol as a solvent.
  • the temperature is from 95 ° C to 120 ° C
  • the reaction of the step (1), the step (a) or the step (A) can be completed in a short period of time, for example, within 10 hours, and in a specific embodiment, The reaction was completed in 8 hours, and the compound of formula VI was not detected by TLC in the mixture, and other impurity spots were less.
  • step (1) step (a) or step (A)
  • the amine acts as a nucleophile to attack the epoxy, and two impurities are formed depending on the ring opening direction of the epoxy compound: a positional isomer and a disubstituted impurity (
  • the structural formula is as follows).
  • the mixture of step (1), step (a) or step (A) contains a positional isomer and a disubstituted impurity.
  • step (2) step (i), step (b) or step (B)
  • the solvent is ethanol.
  • step (2) step (b) or step (B)
  • a molar excess for example, 1 to 5 moles
  • the reaction is carried out using a 2-fold molar acid.
  • the temperature to be used is preferably 0 ° C to 90 ° C.
  • step (2) step (i), step (b) or step (B), in a specific embodiment, the solvent used is n-butanol and/or ethanol in a molar excess of salicylic acid, acetyl Salicylic acid and / or oxalic acid to form a salt, the temperature is 0 ° C ⁇ 90 ° C.
  • step (3) step (c) or step (C)
  • the salt of formula I is isolated and crystallized.
  • the salt of formula I is very easy to separate, and when the temperature of the solution is lowered, for example to room temperature, a large amount of crude form of the salt of the formula I is precipitated.
  • Formula I is a salicylate.
  • the compound of Formula I is acetylsalicylate.
  • the compound of Formula I is an oxalate salt.
  • the protecting group or phenolic hydroxyl protecting group of the present invention can be removed by those skilled in the art according to the prior art.
  • the protecting group when it is a benzyl group, it can be hydrogenated in the presence of a catalyst. Catalysts which may be mentioned include palladium, palladium hydroxide, platinum, Raney nickel, or palladium (palladium carbon) supported on activated carbon.
  • the compound of formula VII is a salicylate.
  • the compound of formula VII is acetylsalicylate.
  • the compound of formula VII is an oxalate salt.
  • the acid in step (5) or step (e) is an organic carboxylic acid such as benzoic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid or tartaric acid.
  • the acid is maleic acid.
  • alkyl refers to a straight or branched saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group consisting of a carbon atom and a hydrogen atom, which is attached to the remainder of the molecule by a single bond.
  • the alkyl group may have 1 to 6 carbon atoms (indicated by C 1-6 alkyl groups), preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
  • Non-limiting examples of alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, propyl, 2-propyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, 2-methylbutyl, neopentyl Base, n-hexyl.
  • haloalkyl group refers to an alkyl group substituted with one or more halogens selected from the group consisting of fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine, wherein the alkyl group is as defined above.
  • alkoxy refers to an -O-alkyl group wherein the alkyl group is the same as defined above.
  • the alkoxy group may have 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
  • Non-limiting examples of alkoxy groups include, but are not limited to, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, isobutoxy, tert-butoxy, n-pentyloxy , 2-methylbutoxy, neopentyloxy, n-hexyloxy.
  • aryl group means an all-carbon monocyclic or fused polycyclic aromatic ring group having a conjugated ⁇ -electron system, preferably having 6 to 14 carbon atoms, more preferably 6 to 12 carbon atoms. Most preferably, it has 6 carbon atoms.
  • aryl groups include, but are not limited to, phenyl, naphthyl, and anthracenyl.
  • aralkyl group means an aryl-substituted alkyl group, wherein the definitions of "aryl” and “alkyl” are the same as defined above.
  • the invention provides compounds of formula I and formula VII, and their use in the preparation of indacaterol; wherein HX is salicylic acid, acetylsalicylic acid and/or oxalic acid, and R is benzyl ,
  • the present application uses salicylic acid, acetylsalicylic acid and/or oxalic acid as a salt-forming acid to purify a mixture containing positional isomers and/or disubstituted impurities, which may be positional isomers and/or disubstituted.
  • the content of the substance is reduced to less than 0.2%, and a compound of the formula I having an enantiomeric purity of 99% or more and even 99.5% or more is obtained, which ensures the safety of the marketed drug.
  • Figure 1 is (R)-5-[2-(5,6-diethyl-indan-2-ylamino)-1-hydroxy-ethyl]-8-benzyloxy-1H-quinoline-2 XRD pattern of ketone salicylate;
  • Figure 2 is (R)-5-[2-(5,6-diethyl-indan-2-ylamino)-1-hydroxy-ethyl]-8-benzyloxy-1H-quinoline-2 - XRD pattern of ketooxalate.
  • HPLC purity measurement conditions
  • Test solution Take the appropriate amount of test sample, accurately weighed, add 50% acetonitrile solution to dissolve and quantitatively dilute to make a solution containing about 0.25mg per 1ml, that is, the test solution (1 part);
  • (R)-5-[2-(5,6-Diethylindan-2-ylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl]-8-benzyloxy-1H-quinoline-2 as determined by HPLC - ketoacetylsalicylate has a purity of 99.47%, a positional isomer content of 0.08%, a disubstituted content of 0.01%, and a retention time of acetylsalicylic acid in the test solution with acetylsalicylic acid The retention time of the main peak of the reference solution was consistent.
  • reaction solution When concentrated under reduced pressure at 50-60 ° C to about 1/3 of the original volume, 100 ml of ethanol was added, heated to 70-78 ° C, and stirred to dissolve; HPLC showed that the content of the positional isomer was 12.11%, and the content of the disubstituted impurity was 16.75%, (R)-5-[2-(5,6-diethylindan-2-ylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl]-8-benzyloxy-1H-quinoline-2- The ketone content was 63.0%.

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Abstract

本发明涉及茚达特罗或其盐的制备方法,所述方法包括:在溶剂存在下,采用水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸与含有式II化合物的混合物进行反应以制得式I化合物,所述混合物还含有式III和/或式IV化合物,式I~式IV的定义同说明书;及将所得式I化合物转化为茚达特罗或其盐。通过该方法可制得高纯度的茚达特罗或其盐,显著减少杂质的含量,保障用药的安全性。

Description

茚达特罗或其盐的制备方法 技术领域
本发明属于药物合成领域,具体而言,本发明提供了茚达特罗或其盐的制备方法。
背景技术
茚达特罗的CAS号为312753-06-3,化合物名为(R)-5-[2-(5,6-二乙基-茚满-2-基氨基)-1-羟基-乙基]-8-羟基-1H-喹啉-2-酮,具有如下所示的结构式:
Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-000001
它是由诺华开发的一种治疗慢性阻塞性肺病和哮喘的药物,通过激动β2肾上素能受体产生抗炎和扩张支气管的作用。2009年起,该产品在欧洲各国陆续上市,用于治疗成人的慢性阻塞型肺病气流阻塞患者,包括慢性支气管炎和/或肺气肿的治疗。2011年,该产品以Onbrize为商品名在日本上市,2012年3月,该产品在美国上市。
茚达特罗是对映异构纯的化合物,在制备时,中间体(R)-5-[2-(5,6-二乙基-茚满-2-基氨基)-1-羟基-乙基]-8-取代的氧基-1H-喹啉-2-酮经脱除保护基R可制得茚达特罗。该中间体可经下述反应制备得到:
Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-000002
然而该反应会生成较多的二取代物和位置异构体的主要杂质。虽然现有技术中已经公开了一些纯化方法,但是仍然需要开发出制备高对映体纯度的茚达特罗或其盐的方法,尽可能地减少杂质的含量,保障用药的安全性。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一在于提供茚达特罗或其盐的制备方法,通过该方法可制得高纯度的茚达特罗或其盐,显著减少杂质的含量,保障用药的安全性。
本发明的另一目的在于提供用于制备茚达特罗或其盐的中间体及其应用。
本发明的再一目的在于提供所述中间体的制备方法。
为实现上述目的,一方面,本发明提供茚达特罗或其盐的制备方法,所述方法包括如下步骤:
(i)在溶剂存在下,采用水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸与含有式II化合物的混合物进行反应以制得式I化合物,所述混合物还含有式III和/或式IV化合物;
Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-000003
式I~式IV化合物中R为酚羟基保护基;
式I化合物中HX为水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸;及
(ii)将所得式I化合物转化为茚达特罗或其盐。
在一些实施方案中,式IV化合物的含量为5~20%;在一些实施方案中,式IV化合物的含量为10~20%;在一些实施方案中,式III化合物的含量为10~25%;在一些实施方案中,式III化合物的含量为15~20%;在一些实施方案中,式II化合物的含量为55~85%;在一些实施方案中,式II化合物的含量为60~75%。在一些实施例方案中,所述混合物中,式II化合物的含量为10%~20%,式III化合物的含量15%~25%,式IV化合物的含量为55%~70%。
除特别指明外,本发明中所述“含量”是指由HPLC分析法测得的按面积归一法所得含量。HPLC分析法例如为具体实施例中所记载的方法。
根据本发明具体实施方式,在本发明所述茚达特罗或其盐的制备方法中,步骤(i)中所述溶剂能够溶解所述混合物和所述水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸;优选地,所述溶剂包括但不限于C1~6烷基醇、二氯甲烷、二甲基甲酰胺和四氢呋喃中的一种或多种;进一步优选地,所述C1~6烷基醇包括甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、丁醇和戊醇中的一种或多种;更优选地,所述溶剂为正丁醇和/或乙醇。在一些实施方案中,所述溶剂为乙醇。在一些实施方案中,所述溶剂为正丁醇和乙醇。
根据本发明具体实施方式,在本发明所述茚达特罗或其盐的制备方法中,相对于式II化合物而言,步骤(i)中使用摩尔数过量的水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸进行反应;例如使用1~10倍摩尔数的所述水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸进行反应;优选地,使用2倍摩尔数。
根据本发明具体实施方式,在本发明所述茚达特罗或其盐的制备方法中,步骤(i)反应温度为0℃~90℃,优选60℃~90℃,进一步优选70℃~90℃。
根据本发明具体实施方式,在本发明所述茚达特罗或其盐的制备方法中,步骤(i)中所用溶剂如上所述,且水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸的用量如上所述。例如,步骤(i)中所述溶剂为正丁醇和/或乙醇,且相对于式II化合物的摩尔数,使用1~4倍摩尔数的所述水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸进行反应。
根据本发明具体实施方式,在本发明所述茚达特罗或其盐的制备方法中,步骤(i)中所用溶剂如上所述,且反应温度如上所述。例如,步骤(i)中所述溶剂为正丁醇和/或乙醇,且反应温度为0℃~90℃。在一些实施方案中,步骤(i)中溶剂为乙醇;在一些实施方案中,步骤(i)中溶剂为正丁醇和乙醇;在一些实施方案中,正丁醇和乙醇的体积比为1:1~10;在一些实施方案中,正丁醇和乙醇的体积比为1:3~6。
根据本发明具体实施方式,在本发明所述茚达特罗或其盐的制备方法中,步骤(i)中所用溶剂如上所述;水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸的用量如上所述;且反应温度如上所述。
根据本发明具体实施方式,在本发明所述茚达特罗或其盐的制备方法中,所述R包括烷基、芳基、烷氧基、芳烷基、卤代烷基或取代的甲硅烷基;优选地,所述R选自苄基或叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基。
根据本发明具体实施方式,在本发明所述茚达特罗或其盐的制备方法中,所述混合物可按如下方法制备得到:在溶剂存在下,式V所示的5,6-二乙基-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-2-胺与式VI所示的8-取代的氧基-5-(R)-环氧乙烷基-1H-喹啉-2-酮进行反应,得到所述混合物;
Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-000004
式VI化合物中R中的定义与式II化合物中R的定义相同。例如R为苄基或叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基。
根据本发明具体实施方式,在本发明所述茚达特罗或其盐的制备方法中,在步骤(i)之后,所述方法还包括将制得的式I化合物分离和/或结晶,优选分离并结晶;优选地,采用醇类溶剂进行结晶,进一步优选地,所述醇类溶剂为乙醇。
根据本发明具体实施方式,本发明所述茚达特罗或其盐的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(a)在溶剂存在下,式VI所示的8-取代的氧基-5-(R)-环氧乙烷基-1H-喹啉-2-酮与式V所示的5,6-二乙基-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-2-胺反应,得到含有式II化合物的混合物;
Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-000005
(b)用水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸处理步骤(a)的混合物,得到式I化合物;
Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-000006
(c)将式I化合物分离并结晶;
(d)脱除式I化合物中的酚羟基保护基R,得到式VII化合物;
Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-000007
(e)用酸处理式VII化合物,直接得到式VIII所示的茚达特罗的盐,优选地,酸处理中所用酸为有机羧酸,例如苯甲酸、马来酸、富马酸或酒石酸;优选马来酸;
Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-000008
其中式I、式II或式VI化合物中R为酚羟基保护基,优选地,所述R包括烷基、芳基、烷氧基、芳烷基、卤代烷基或取代的甲硅烷基;进一步优选地,所述R选自苄基或叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基。
式I化合物中HX为水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸;
式VIII化合物中,HY为酸处理中所用的酸;
优选地,步骤(b)中所述的水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸可以直接与步骤(a)的混合物混合,或者水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸溶于溶剂(例如乙醇)后再与步骤(a)的混合物混合,相对于式VI化合物而言,以摩尔数过量的水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸来成盐,温度为0℃~90℃。
根据本发明具体实施方式,在本发明所述茚达特罗或其盐的制备方法中,步骤(a)中以正丁醇和/或乙醇作为溶剂,式V化合物与式VI化合物的摩尔比为1.15~1.3:1,反应温度为95℃~120℃。
根据本发明具体实施方式,在本发明所述茚达特罗或其盐的制备方法中,步骤(ii)包括如下步骤:脱除式I化合物中酚羟基保护基R制得式VII化合物:
Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-000009
采用碱处理式VII化合物将其转化为茚达特罗,选择性地,将该茚达特罗转化为其盐,或
采用酸处理式VII化合物将其直接转化为茚达特罗盐,选择性地,将该茚达特罗盐转化为茚达特罗;优选地,酸处理中所用酸为有机羧酸,例如苯甲酸、马来酸、富马酸或酒石酸;进一步优选马来酸。
根据本发明具体实施方式,在本发明所述茚达特罗或其盐的制备方法中,步骤(ii) 包括如下步骤:
采用碱处理式I化合物将其转化为式IX化合物:
Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-000010
脱除式IX化合物中的酚羟基保护基R,得茚达特罗;选择性地,可将该茚达特罗转化为其盐。
根据本发明具体实施方式,在本发明所述茚达特罗或其盐的制备方法中,步骤(ii)包括如下步骤:
采用酸处理式I化合物将其转化为式X化合物,优选地,酸处理中所用酸为有机羧酸,例如苯甲酸、马来酸、富马酸或酒石酸;优选马来酸;
Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-000011
HY为酸处理中所用的酸;
脱除式X化合物中的酚羟基保护基R,得茚达特罗的盐;选择性地,将该茚达特罗的盐转化为茚达特罗。
另一方面,本发明提供用于制备茚达特罗或其盐的中间体,所述中间体为式I化合物或式VII化合物:
Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-000012
式I化合物中R为酚羟基保护基,优选地,所述R包括烷基、芳基、烷氧基、芳烷基、卤代烷基或取代的甲硅烷基;优选地,所述R为苄基或叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基;
式I或式VII化合物中HX为水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸。
根据本发明的具体实施方式,本发明所述用于制备茚达特罗或其盐的中间体具有式 I-1、式I-2或式I-3所示的结构:
Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-000013
再一方面,本发明提供式I-1化合物的结晶,其中,在使用Cu-Kα辐射时,其在X-射线粉末衍射图谱中,在2θ度数约7.06、10.66、12.13、19.78、23.33、24.25处有衍射峰;优选地,在2θ度数约7.06、10.66、11.56、12.13、12.55、13.89、15.39、16.43、17.01、17.66、18.41、19.33、19.78、21.69、23.33、24.25、25.25处有衍射峰;进一步优选地,在2θ度数约7.06、7.87、10.66、11.56、12.13、12.55、13.89、15.39、15.62、16.43、17.01、17.66、18.41、19.33、19.78、20.19、21.00、21.69、23.33、24.25、25.25、26.14、27.64、28.98、32.69处有衍射峰;更优选地,在使用Cu-Kα辐射时,式I-1化合物的结晶的XRD的谱图如图1所示。
再一方面,本发明提供式I-2化合物的结晶,其中,在使用Cu-Kα辐射时,其在X-射线粉末衍射图谱中,在2θ度数约7.24、10.69、21.57、22.98、24.64处有衍射峰;优选地,在2θ度数约5.27、7.24、10.69、11.74、14.16、17.84、20.21、21.57、22.98、24.64、28.86处有衍射峰;进一步优选地,在2θ度数约5.27、7.24、10.69、11.74、12.82、14.16、17.00、17.84、18.26、20.21、20.57、21.57、22.10、22.98、23.41、24.64、28.86处有衍射峰;更优选地,在使用Cu-Kα辐射时,式I-2化合物的结晶的XRD的谱图如图2所示。
除特别声明外,本发明中的“约”是指在所给定的具体数值±0.2范围内波动。例如2θ度数约7.06表示2θ为7.06±0.2。
再一方面,本发明提供本发明所述的中间体、式I-1化合物的结晶或式I-2化合物的结晶在制备茚达特罗或其盐中的应用。
再一方面,本发明提供式I化合物的制备方法,其包括如下步骤:
(A)在溶剂存在下,式VI所示的8-取代的氧基-5-(R)-环氧乙烷基-1H-喹啉-2-酮与式V所示的5,6-二乙基-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-2-胺反应,得到含有式II化合物的混合物;
Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-000014
Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-000015
(B)用水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸处理步骤(A)所得混合物,得到式II化合物相应的盐,即式I化合物;和可选地,
Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-000016
(C)将式I化合物分离并结晶;
其中,R为酚羟基保护基,
HX为水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸。
根据本发明的具体实施方式,在本发明所述式I化合物的制备方法中,所述R选自烷基、芳基、烷氧基、芳烷基、卤代烷基和取代的甲硅烷基;优选地,R选自苄基或叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基。
根据本发明的具体实施方式,在本发明所述式I化合物的制备方法中,步骤(A)中以正丁醇和/或乙醇为溶剂,式V化合物与式VI化合物的摩尔比为1.15~1.3:1,温度为95℃~120℃。
一方面,本发明提供了一种式I化合物的制备方法,包括:
(1)在溶剂存在下,8-取代的氧基-5-(R)-环氧乙烷基-1H-喹啉-2-酮(式VI)与5,6-二乙基-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-2-胺(式V)反应,得到含有式II化合物的混合物;
Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-000017
(2)用水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸处理步骤(1)中制备的混合物,得到式II化合物相应的盐,即式I化合物;和可选地,
Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-000018
(3)将式I化合物分离并结晶。
另一方面,本发明提供了一种茚达特罗盐的制备方法,包括:
(1)在溶剂存在下,8-取代的氧基-5-(R)-环氧乙烷基-1H-喹啉-2-酮(式VI)与5,6-二乙基-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-2-胺(式V)反应,得到含有式II化合物的混合物;
Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-000019
(2)用水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸处理步骤(1)中制备的混合物,得到式II化合物相应的盐,即式I化合物;
(3)将式I化合物分离并结晶;
Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-000020
(4)除去式I的保护基,得到式VII的化合物;
Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-000021
(5)用酸处理式VII的化合物,得到式VIII所示的茚达特罗的盐,
Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-000022
其中,R为保护基,HX和HY分别为对应的酸。
本发明保护基R为本领域技术人员公知的酚羟基的保护基。优选地,R选自烷基、芳基、烷氧基、芳烷基、卤代烷基和取代的甲硅烷基。较优选地,R选自苄基或叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基。
步骤(1)、步骤(a)或步骤(A),本领域技术人员可以选择合适的溶剂,所述溶剂能够溶解步骤(1)、步骤(a)或步骤(A)的混合物,包括但不限于C1~6烷基醇(例如甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、丁醇、戊醇)、二氯甲烷、二甲基甲酰胺、四氢呋喃。在一个具体的实施方案中,所述的溶剂为乙醇。
步骤(1)、步骤(a)或步骤(A),在本发明的一些实施方案中,所述的溶剂为正丁醇和/或乙醇。关于反应物的摩尔比,相对于式VI化合物而言,优选使用过量的式V化合物。在一些实施方案中,式VI化合物与式V化合物的摩尔比为1:1.15~1.3;在优选的实施方案中,式VI化合物与式V化合物的摩尔比为1:1.2。关于反应的温度,在一些实施方案中,反应的温度为50℃~140℃;在一些实施方案中,反应的温度为95℃~120℃;在一些具体的实施方案中,反应的温度为100℃~110℃。在一些实施方案中,8-取代的氧基-5-(R)-环氧乙烷基-1H-喹啉-2-酮为8-苄氧基-5-(R)-环氧乙烷基-1H-喹啉-2-酮。
步骤(1)、步骤(a)或步骤(A)的一个优选的实施方案中,以正丁醇和/或乙醇为溶剂,式VI化合物与式V化合物的摩尔比为1:1.15~1.3,温度为95℃~120℃时,步骤(1)、步骤(a)或步骤(A)的反应可以在较短的时间内完成,例如在10小时之内完成,在一个具体的实施方案中,可在8小时内完成反应,混合物中TLC未检测到式VI化合物,且其它杂质斑点较少。
步骤(1)、步骤(a)或步骤(A)中,胺作为亲核试剂进攻环氧,根据环氧化合物开环方向的不同会生成两个杂质:位置异构体和二取代物杂质(结构式如下)。步骤(1)、步骤(a)或步骤(A)的混合物中包含位置异构体和二取代物杂质。
Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-000023
步骤(2)、步骤(i)、步骤(b)或步骤(B)中,本领域技术人员可以将水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸直接与所述混合物混合,也可选择合适的溶剂,所述溶剂能够溶解步骤(2)、步骤(i)、步骤(b)或步骤(B)的水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸,包括但不限于C1~6烷基醇(例如甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、丁醇、戊醇)、二氯甲烷、二甲基甲酰胺、四氢呋喃。在一个具体的实施方案中,所述的溶剂为乙醇。
步骤(2)、步骤(b)或步骤(B)中,相对于式VI化合物而言,使用摩尔数过量(例如1~5倍摩尔数)的水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸来成盐;在一些实施方案中,使用2倍摩尔数的酸进行反应。关于使用的温度,优选为0℃~90℃。
步骤(2)、步骤(i)、步骤(b)或步骤(B)中,在一个具体的实施方案中,所用的溶剂为正丁醇和/或乙醇,以摩尔数过量的水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸来成盐,温度为0℃~90℃。
步骤(3)、步骤(c)或步骤(C)中,将式I的盐分离并结晶。式I的盐非常容易分离,当溶液温度降低时,例如降低至室温时,即有大量的固体形式的式I盐的粗品析出。在本发明的一些实施方案中,式I为水杨酸酸盐。在一些实施方案中,式I化合物为乙酰水杨酸盐。在一些实施方案中,式I化合物为草酸盐。
本发明保护基或酚羟基保护基的脱除,例如步骤(4)脱除式I盐的保护基,本领域技术人员可按照现有技术除去保护基。例如保护基为苄基时,可在催化剂存在下氢化。可以列举的催化剂包括钯、氢氧化钯、铂、雷尼镍,或者是负载在活性炭上钯(钯碳)。在本发明的一些实施方案中,式VII化合物为水杨酸盐。在本发明的一些实施方案中,式VII化合物为乙酰水杨酸盐。在本发明的一些实施方案中,式VII化合物为草酸盐。
步骤(5)或步骤(e)中的酸为有机羧酸,例如苯甲酸、马来酸、富马酸或酒石酸。优选地,酸为马来酸。
本文中,所述的“烷基”是指由碳原子和氢原子组成的直链或支链的饱和的脂肪烃基团,其通过单键与分子的其余部分连接。例如所述烷基可具有1~6个碳原子(以C1~6烷基 表示),优选具有1~4个碳原子。烷基的非限制性实例包括但不限于甲基、乙基、丙基、2-丙基、正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、2-甲基丁基、新戊基、正己基。
所述的“卤代烷基”是指被一个或多个选自氟、氯、溴、碘的卤素取代的烷基,其中烷基定义与上文定义的相同。
所述的“烷氧基”是指-O-烷基,其中烷基与上文定义的相同。所述烷氧基可具有1~6个碳原子,优选含有1~4个碳原子。烷氧基的非限制性实例包括但不限于甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、异丁氧基、叔-丁氧基、正-戊氧基、2-甲基丁氧基、新戊氧基、正己氧基。
所述的“芳基”是指具有共轭的π电子体系的全碳单环或稠合多环的芳香环基团,优选具有6~14个碳原子,更优选具有6~12个碳原子,最优选具有6个碳原子。芳基的非限制性实例包括但不限于苯基、萘基和蒽基。
所述的“芳烷基”是指芳基取代的烷基,其中“芳基”和“烷基”的定义与上文的定义相同。
另一方面,本发明提供了式I和式VII的化合物,及其在茚达特罗盐的制备中的应用;其中HX为水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸,R为苄基,
Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-000024
本申请使用了水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸做为成盐的酸来纯化含位置异构体和/或二取代物杂质的混合物,可以将位置异构体和/或二取代物的含量降低到0.2%以下,获得对映体纯度达99%以上、甚至是99.5%以上的式I化合物,确保了上市药物的安全性。而且,使用水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸或草酸做为成盐的酸来纯化,使得式I化合物更容易分离,当溶液温度降低,例如降低至室温时,即有大量的固体形式的式I化合物的粗品析出,操作更为简便。
附图说明
图1为(R)-5-[2-(5,6-二乙基-茚满-2-基氨基)-1-羟基-乙基]-8-苄氧基-1H-喹啉-2-酮水杨酸盐的XRD图谱;
图2为(R)-5-[2-(5,6-二乙基-茚满-2-基氨基)-1-羟基-乙基]-8-苄氧基-1H-喹啉-2-酮草酸盐的XRD图谱。
具体实施方式
为了对本发明的技术特征、目的和有益效果有更加清楚的理解,现结合具体实施例及附图对本发明的技术方案进行以下详细说明,应理解这些实例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。
采用HPLC法测试实施例中化合物的纯度及杂质含量,具体地,纯度测定条件(HPLC)如下:
供试品溶液:取测试品适量,精密称定,加50%乙腈溶液溶解并定量稀释制成每1ml中约含0.25mg的溶液,即得供试品溶液(配制1份);
色谱条件:用十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂[Waters XBridge C18(4.6mm×250mm,5μm)],以磷酸盐缓冲液(取磷酸二氢钾2.72g,加水1000ml使溶解,用磷酸调节pH值至2.0±0.1)-水-乙腈(200:700:100)为流动相A,磷酸盐缓冲液-乙腈(200:800)为流动相B,流速为每分钟1.0ml,按下表进行线性梯度洗脱,检测波长为210nm,柱温为30℃。
时间(分钟) 流动相A(%) 流动相B(%)
0 80 20
20 40 60
30 40 60
31 80 20
36 80 20
操作方法:照《高效液相色谱法操作规程》(Q/SOP ZL059)检测,精密量取供试品溶液10μl注入液相色谱仪(每份进样1针),记录色谱图。按峰面积归一化法计算,即得供试品纯度及杂质含量。
实施例1(R)-5-[2-(5,6-二乙基二氢茚-2-基氨基)-1-羟乙基]-8-苄氧基-1H-喹啉-2-酮水杨酸盐的制备
本实施例按如下路线进行制备:
Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-000025
向反应瓶中加入29.3克8-苄氧基-5-(R)-环氧乙烷基-1H-喹啉-2-酮与22.7克5,6-二乙基-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-2-胺和200ml正丁醇,搅拌均匀,加热至105±5℃,反应10h。将反应液于50~60℃减压浓缩至原体积的约1/3时,加入300ml乙醇,加热至70~78℃,搅拌溶清;HPLC显示位置异构体的含量为11.94%,二取代杂质的含量为16.55%,(R)-5-[2-(5,6-二乙基二氢茚-2-基氨基)-1-羟乙基]-8-苄氧基-1H-喹啉-2-酮的含量为62.98%。再加入水杨酸的乙醇溶液(将30g水杨酸加入200ml乙醇中,搅拌溶清),室温搅拌16h,有大量固体析出,抽滤得(R)-5-[2-(5,6-二乙基二氢茚-2-基氨基)-1-羟乙基]-8-苄氧基-1H-喹啉-2-酮水杨酸盐粗品。将所得粗品用500ml乙醇重结晶得36.9g(R)-5-[2-(5,6-二乙基二氢茚-2-基氨基)-1-羟乙基]-8-苄氧基-1H-喹啉-2-酮水杨酸盐纯品,其为淡黄色固体粉末,XRD如图1所示。经HPLC测定,(R)-5-[2-(5,6-二乙基二氢茚-2-基氨基)-1-羟乙基]-8-苄氧基-1H-喹啉-2-酮水杨酸盐的纯度为99.60%,位置异构体的含量为0.08%,二取代物的含量为0.01%,且供试品溶液中水杨酸的保留时间与水杨酸对照品溶液主峰的保留时间一致。
实施例2(R)-5-[2-(5,6-二乙基二氢茚-2-基氨基)-1-羟乙基]-8-苄氧基-1H-喹啉-2-酮乙酰水杨酸盐的制备
向反应瓶中加入14.7克8-苄氧基-5-(R)-环氧乙烷基-1H-喹啉-2-酮与11.4克5,6-二乙基-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-2-胺和100ml正丁醇,搅拌均匀,加热至105±5℃,反应10h。将反应液于50~60℃减压浓缩至原体积的约1/3时,加入150ml乙醇,加热至70~78℃,搅拌溶清;HPLC显示位置异构体的含量为10.28%,二取代杂质的含量为14.33%,(R)-5-[2-(5,6-二乙基二氢茚-2-基氨基)-1-羟乙基]-8-苄氧基-1H-喹啉-2-酮的含量为60.5%。再加入乙酰水杨酸的乙醇溶液(将20g乙酰水杨酸加入100ml乙醇中,搅拌溶清),室温搅拌16h,有大量固体析出,抽滤得(R)-5-[2-(5,6-二乙基二氢茚-2-基氨基)-1-羟乙基]-8-苄氧基-1H-喹啉-2-酮乙酰水杨酸盐粗品。将所得粗品用300ml乙醇重结晶得15.5g(R)-5-[2-(5,6-二乙基二氢茚-2-基氨基)-1-羟乙基]-8-苄氧基-1H-喹啉-2-酮乙酰水杨酸盐纯品,其为淡黄色固体粉末。经HPLC测定,(R)-5-[2-(5,6-二乙基二氢茚-2-基氨基)-1-羟乙基]-8-苄氧基-1H-喹啉-2-酮乙酰水杨酸盐的纯度为99.47%,位置异构体的含量为0.08%,二取代物的含量为0.01%,且供试品溶液中乙酰水杨酸的保留时间与乙酰水杨酸对照品溶液主峰的保留时间一致。
实施例3(R)-5-[2-(5,6-二乙基二氢茚-2-基氨基)-1-羟乙基]-8-苄氧基-1H-喹啉-2-草酸盐的制备
向反应瓶中加入9.8克8-苄氧基-5-(R)-环氧乙烷基-1H-喹啉-2-酮与7.6克5,6-二乙基-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-2-胺和70ml正丁醇,搅拌均匀,加热至105±5℃,反应10h。将反应液于 50~60℃减压浓缩至原体积的约1/3时,加入100ml乙醇,加热至70~78℃,搅拌溶清;HPLC显示位置异构体的含量为12.11%,二取代杂质的含量为16.75%,(R)-5-[2-(5,6-二乙基二氢茚-2-基氨基)-1-羟乙基]-8-苄氧基-1H-喹啉-2-酮的含量为63.0%。再加入草酸的乙醇溶液(将5.5g草酸加入70ml乙醇中,搅拌溶清),室温搅拌16h,有大量固体析出,抽滤得(R)-5-[2-(5,6-二乙基二氢茚-2-基氨基)-1-羟乙基]-8-苄氧基-1H-喹啉-2-酮草酸盐粗品。将所得粗品用160ml乙醇重结晶得9.2g(R)-5-[2-(5,6-二乙基二氢茚-2-基氨基)-1-羟乙基]-8-苄氧基-1H-喹啉-2-酮草酸盐纯品,其为淡黄色固体粉末,XRD如图2所示。经HPLC测定,(R)-5-[2-(5,6-二乙基二氢茚-2-基氨基)-1-羟乙基]-8-苄氧基-1H-喹啉-2-酮草酸盐的纯度为99.58%,位置异构体的含量为0.05%,二取代物的含量为0.02%,且供试品溶液中草酸的保留时间与草酸对照品溶液主峰的保留时间一致。
实施例4马来酸茚达特罗的制备(以实施例1为中间体)
向氢化反应器中加入30克(R)-5-[2-(5,6-二乙基二氢茚-2-基氨基)-1-羟乙基]-8-苄氧基-1H-喹啉-2-酮水杨酸盐和300ml乙酸。加入3克10%钯碳,将反应物氢化2~6小时至反应完全。将反应液过滤,滤液用50℃减压浓缩,将残留物加入300ml乙醇溶解,并加热至60℃,加入马来酸的乙醇溶液(6.9g马来酸溶解在35ml乙醇溶液中),继续搅拌30分钟,然后通过缓慢冷却至0~5℃将产物结晶。抽滤干燥得22.5g马来酸茚达特罗,为白色结晶性粉末。
1H-NMR(CDCl3)的特征峰:δ7.04(1H,d,J=8.2),7.22(1H,d,J=8.2),6.60(1H,d,J=10.0),8.25(1H,d,J=10.0),7.00(2H,s),2.51~2.57(4H,m),1.12(6H,t,J=7.5),6.08(2H,s),5.41(brd,J=9.2),9-12(brs,4H),重水交换后9-12(brs,4H)消失,说明含有活泼氢。
最后说明的是:以上实施例仅用于说明本申请的实施过程和特点,而非限制本申请的技术方案,尽管参照上述实施例对本申请进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:依然可以对本申请进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本申请的精神和范围的任何修改或局部替换,均应涵盖在本申请的保护范围当中。

Claims (20)

  1. 茚达特罗或其盐的制备方法,所述方法包括如下步骤:
    (i)在溶剂存在下,采用水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸与含有式II化合物的混合物进行反应以制得式I化合物,所述混合物还含有式III和/或式IV化合物;
    Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-100001
    式I~式IV化合物中R为酚羟基保护基;
    式I化合物中HX为水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸;及
    (ii)将所得式I化合物转化为茚达特罗或其盐。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,步骤(i)中所述溶剂能够溶解所述混合物和所述水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸;优选地,所述溶剂包括C1~6烷基醇、二氯甲烷、二甲基甲酰胺和四氢呋喃中的一种或多种;进一步优选地,所述C1~6烷基醇包括甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、丁醇和戊醇中的一种或多种;更优选的,所述溶剂为正丁醇和/或乙醇。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,相对于式II化合物的摩尔数,步骤(i)中使用摩尔数过量的水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸进行反应;例如使用1~10倍摩尔数的所述水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸进行反应;优选地,使用2倍摩尔数。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,步骤(i)反应温度为0℃~90℃,优选60℃~90℃,进一步优选70℃~90℃。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,所述R包括烷基、芳基、烷氧基、芳烷基、卤代烷基或取代的甲硅烷基;优选地,所述R选自苄基或叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基。
  6. 根据权利要求1~5中任一项所述的方法,其中,所述混合物按如下方法制备得到:在溶剂存在下,式V所示的5,6-二乙基-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-2-胺与式VI所示的8-取代的氧基 -5-(R)-环氧乙烷基-1H-喹啉-2-酮进行反应,得到所述混合物;
    Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-100002
    式VI中R中的定义与权利要求1或权利要求5中R的定义相同。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,在步骤(i)之后,所述方法还包括将制得的式I化合物分离和/或结晶;优选地,采用醇类溶剂进行结晶,进一步优选地,所述醇类溶剂为乙醇。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,该方法包括如下步骤:
    (a)在溶剂存在下,式VI所示的8-取代的氧基-5-(R)-环氧乙烷基-1H-喹啉-2-酮与式V所示的5,6-二乙基-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-2-胺反应,得到含有式II化合物的混合物;
    Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-100003
    (b)用水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸处理步骤(a)的混合物,得到式I化合物;
    Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-100004
    (c)将式I化合物分离并结晶;
    (d)脱除式I化合物的酚羟基保护基R,得到式VII化合物;
    Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-100005
    (e)用酸处理式VII化合物,直接得到式VIII所示的茚达特罗的盐,优选地,酸处理中所用酸为有机羧酸,例如苯甲酸、马来酸、富马酸或酒石酸;优选马来酸;
    Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-100006
    其中式I、式II或式VI化合物中R为酚羟基保护基,优选地,所述R包括烷基、芳基、烷氧基、芳烷基、卤代烷基或取代的甲硅烷基;优选地,所述R选自苄基或叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基;
    式I中HX为水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸;
    式VIII中,HY为酸处理中所用的酸;
    优选地,步骤(b)中所述的水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸直接与步骤(a)的混合物混合,或者水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸溶于溶剂后再与步骤(a)的混合物混合;进一步优选地,相对于式VI化合物而言,以摩尔数过量的水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸来成盐,温度为0℃~90℃。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法,其中,步骤(a)中以正丁醇和/或乙醇作为溶剂,式V化合物与式VI化合物的摩尔比为1.15~1.3:1,反应温度为95℃~120℃。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,步骤(ii)包括如下步骤:脱除式I化合物中酚羟基保护基R制得式VII化合物:
    Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-100007
    采用碱处理式VII化合物将其转化为茚达特罗,选择性地,将该茚达特罗转化为其盐,或
    采用酸处理式VII化合物直接将其转化为茚达特罗盐,选择性地,将该茚达特罗盐转化为茚达特罗;优选地,酸处理中所用酸为有机羧酸,例如苯甲酸、马来酸、富马酸或酒石酸;进一步优选马来酸。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,步骤(ii)包括如下步骤:
    采用碱处理式I化合物将其转化为式IX化合物:
    Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-100008
    脱除式IX化合物中的酚羟基保护基R,得茚达特罗;选择性地,可将该茚达特罗转化为其盐。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其中,步骤(ii)包括如下步骤:
    采用酸处理式I化合物将其转化为式X化合物,优选地,酸处理中所用酸为有机羧酸,例如苯甲酸、马来酸、富马酸或酒石酸;优选马来酸;
    HY为酸处理中所用的酸;
    脱除式X化合物中的酚羟基保护基R,得茚达特罗的盐;选择性地,将该茚达特罗的盐转化为茚达特罗。
  13. 用于制备茚达特罗或其盐的中间体,所述中间体为式I化合物或式VII化合物:
    Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-100010
    式I化合物中R为酚羟基保护基,优选地,所述R包括烷基、芳基、烷氧基、芳烷基、卤代烷基或取代的甲硅烷基;优选地,所述R为苄基或叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基;
    式I或式VII化合物中HX为水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的中间体,所述中间体具有式I-1、式I-2或式I-3所示的结构:
    Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-100011
  15. 权利要求14所述的中间体中的式I-1化合物的结晶,其中,在使用Cu-Kα辐射时,其在X-射线粉末衍射图谱中,在2θ度数约7.06、10.66、12.13、19.78、23.33、24.25处有衍射峰;优选地,在使用Cu-Kα辐射时,其在X-射线粉末衍射图谱中,在2θ度数约7.06、10.66、12.13、19.78、23.33、24.25处有衍射峰;优选地,在2θ度数约7.06、10.66、11.56、12.13、12.55、13.89、15.39、16.43、17.01、17.66、18.41、19.33、19.78、21.69、23.33、24.25、25.25处有衍射峰;进一步优选地,在2θ度数约7.06、7.87、10.66、11.56、12.13、12.55、13.89、15.39、15.62、16.43、17.01、17.66、18.41、19.33、19.78、20.19、21.00、21.69、23.33、24.25、25.25、26.14、27.64、28.98、32.69处有衍射峰;更优选地,在使用Cu-Kα辐射时,式I-1化合物的结晶的XRD的谱图如图1所示。
  16. 权利要求14所述的中间体中的式I-2化合物的结晶,其中,在使用Cu-Kα辐射时,其在X-射线粉末衍射图谱中,在2θ度数约7.24、10.69、21.57、22.98、24.64处有衍射峰;优选地,在2θ度数约5.27、7.24、10.69、11.74、14.16、17.84、20.21、21.57、22.98、24.64、28.86处有衍射峰;进一步优选地,在2θ度数约5.27、7.24、10.69、11.74、12.82、14.16、17.00、17.84、18.26、20.21、20.57、21.57、22.10、22.98、23.41、24.64、28.86处有衍射峰;更优选地,在使用Cu-Kα辐射时,式I-2化合物的结晶的XRD的谱图如图2所示。
  17. 权利要求13或14所述的中间体、权利要求15所述的式I-1化合物的结晶或权利要求16所述的式I-2化合物的结晶在制备茚达特罗或其盐中的应用。
  18. 权利要求13所述用于制备茚达特罗或其盐的中间体中的式I化合物的制备方法,其包括如下步骤:
    (A)在溶剂存在下,式VI所示的8-取代的氧基-5-(R)-环氧乙烷基-1H-喹啉-2-酮与式V所示的5,6-二乙基-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-2-胺反应,得到含有式II化合物的混合物;
    Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-100012
    Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-100013
    (B)用水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸或草酸处理步骤(A)所得混合物,得到式II化合物相应的盐,即式I化合物;和可选地,
    Figure PCTCN2016078777-appb-100014
    (C)将式I化合物分离并结晶;
    其中,R为酚羟基保护基,
    HX为水杨酸、乙酰水杨酸和/或草酸。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的方法,其中,所述R选自烷基、芳基、烷氧基、芳烷基、卤代烷基和取代的甲硅烷基;优选地,R选自苄基或叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基。
  20. 权利要求18或19所述的方法,其中,步骤(A)中以正丁醇和/或乙醇为溶剂,式V化合物与式VI化合物的摩尔比为1.15-1.3:1,温度为95℃~120℃。
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