WO2016161735A1 - 柔性显示装置和柔性显示装置的封装方法 - Google Patents

柔性显示装置和柔性显示装置的封装方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016161735A1
WO2016161735A1 PCT/CN2015/086758 CN2015086758W WO2016161735A1 WO 2016161735 A1 WO2016161735 A1 WO 2016161735A1 CN 2015086758 W CN2015086758 W CN 2015086758W WO 2016161735 A1 WO2016161735 A1 WO 2016161735A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
film layer
flexible display
display device
encapsulation
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PCT/CN2015/086758
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王涛
孙韬
张嵩
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京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Priority to US14/913,873 priority Critical patent/US9947730B2/en
Publication of WO2016161735A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016161735A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/122—Pixel-defining structures or layers, e.g. banks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/564—Details not otherwise provided for, e.g. protection against moisture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/84—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
    • H10K50/844—Encapsulations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/80—Constructional details
    • H10K59/87—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
    • H10K59/873—Encapsulations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K2102/00—Constructional details relating to the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K2102/301—Details of OLEDs
    • H10K2102/311—Flexible OLED

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of display, and in particular, to a flexible display device and a packaging method of the flexible display device.
  • OLED Organic Light Emitting Display
  • Characteristics have become a hot spot in the field of flexible display in recent years.
  • OLED devices are very sensitive to water vapor and oxygen, and are easily attenuated.
  • the effective packaging prevents moisture and oxygen from immersing, prevents aging of organic materials, and prolongs the life of OLED devices.
  • a single layer or a multilayer film is deposited on a substrate to cover the entire surface of the OLED device to achieve the purpose of packaging.
  • it has good water-blocking oxygen resistance and ensures the service life of the OLED device
  • the flexible OLED device The use of bending, curling or even folding involves the film being easily damaged, that is, the reliability of the existing film packaging method for flexible devices cannot be guaranteed.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a flexible display device and a packaging method of the flexible display device, which can solve the problem that the existing thin film package is not resistant to bending.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a flexible display device including: a light emitting device and packaging the hair An encapsulation layer of the optical device, the encapsulation layer comprising: a patterned first film layer, the first film layer having a pattern gap; and a second film layer covering at least a pattern gap of the first film layer.
  • the encapsulation layer is a water oxygen barrier layer.
  • the flexible display device further includes: a pixel defining structure to form a luminescent material filling domain; the first film layer and the second film layer have overlapping regions, and the overlapping region and The pixel defining structure corresponds.
  • the first film layer and the second film layer are located above or below the light emitting device, and extend outward at an edge such that a side surface of the edge device of the flexible display device is wrapped by the package layer .
  • the first film layer comprises a plurality of curved strip structures.
  • the second film layer comprises a plurality of curved strip structures, and the strip structure of the second film layer is complementary to the strip structure of the first film layer.
  • the flexible display device further includes: a flat layer; the flat layer and the encapsulation layer are alternately stacked to collectively package the light emitting device on the flexible display device.
  • At least one of the encapsulation layers is disposed between the flat layer and the light emitting device.
  • the two encapsulation layers disposed through the flat layer are strip patterns, and one of the encapsulation layers is arranged in a first direction, and the strip pattern in the other encapsulation layer is along the The first direction intersects in a second direction.
  • the first film layer has a first pattern gap density at a frequently curved portion of the first film layer, and a portion other than the frequently curved portion on the first film layer has a second pattern a gap density, and the first pattern gap density is greater than the second pattern gap density.
  • the first film layer and the second film layer are made of different inorganic materials.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a packaging method of a flexible display device, including: a process of forming an encapsulation layer, the process of forming an encapsulation layer comprising: forming a patterned first film layer, the first film layer having a pattern a gap; forming a second film layer covering at least a pattern gap of the first film layer.
  • the second film layer is a patterned second film layer, and the patterned first film layer or the patterned second film layer is formed by evaporation.
  • the first film layer and the second film layer have overlapping regions, and the overlapping regions are
  • the pixel definition structure corresponds.
  • the encapsulation layer is a water oxygen barrier layer.
  • the method further includes a step of forming a flat layer, and the step of forming the flat layer alternates with the step of forming the encapsulation layer.
  • the step of forming the encapsulation layer is first performed.
  • the step of forming a planarization layer and the step of forming a water-oxygen barrier layer are alternately performed, specifically comprising: forming a first encapsulation layer, the first encapsulation layer comprising a complementary strip structure; forming a planar layer Forming a second encapsulation layer, the second encapsulation layer comprising a complementary strip formation, wherein the strip formation in the second encapsulation layer is interdigitated with the strip structure of the first encapsulation layer.
  • the forming the planar layer comprises: depositing the flat layer on a display area of the flexible display device by an evaporation method, or forming the flat layer by coating with a screen printing device or a spraying device.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a flexible display device and a packaging method of a flexible display device, which layer and pattern a package layer for packaging a light emitting device, and have one of the film layers covering at least one other patterned film
  • the pattern gap of the layer can not only achieve the whole surface coating of the light-emitting device, but also prevent the intrusion of water vapor and oxygen, and can reduce stress accumulation when the flexible display device is bent, curled or even folded, thereby preventing damage of the packaging film, thereby solving Existing film packages are not resistant to bending.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a prior art flexible light emitting device packaged by a thin film
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a flexible display device according to Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view showing a first film layer in the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view showing the first film layer and the second film layer in the first embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view showing a plane defining a pixel in the first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view showing a package structure of a flexible display device according to Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a process of packaging a flexible display device according to Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a packaging method of a flexible display device according to Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a mask 1-1 according to Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a mask 1-2 according to Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • a prior art deposits a single layer or a multilayer film 200 on a substrate to coat the OLED device 201 in its entirety, but using such a packaging method,
  • the encapsulating film layer is liable to cause cracks.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a novel flexible display device, including: a light emitting device and an encapsulation layer for encapsulating the light emitting device, the encapsulation layer comprising: a patterned first film layer; a second film The layer covers at least a pattern gap of the first film layer.
  • the original one-layer distributed encapsulation layer is layered and patterned.
  • the encapsulation layer of the embodiment includes at least a patterned first film layer, and further includes a patterned or non-patterned design. a second film layer, wherein the second film layer covers at least the pattern gap of the first film layer, so as to achieve the purpose of covering the entire surface of the light-emitting device and preventing the intrusion of moisture and oxygen, and layering and patterning
  • the design can reduce stress accumulation when the flexible display device is bent, curled or even folded, and prevent the package film from being damaged, thereby solving the problem that the existing film package is not resistant to bending.
  • the above-mentioned encapsulation layer includes, but is not limited to, a water-oxygen barrier layer.
  • the flexible display device and its package structure provided in this embodiment are described in detail below by taking the water-oxygen barrier layer as an example: as shown in FIG. 2, the flexibility
  • the display device includes: a substrate 10, a light-emitting device 11 disposed on the substrate 10, and a water-oxygen barrier layer 12 for packaging the light-emitting device 11, the water-oxygen barrier layer 12 comprising: a patterned first film layer 121;
  • the second film layer 122 covers at least the pattern gap of the first film layer 121.
  • the flexible display device includes at least one water vapor barrier layer 12 for encapsulation, and the water oxygen barrier layer 12 includes at least a patterned first film layer 121 and a first film layer 121 covering the first film layer 121.
  • the second film layer 122 of the pattern gap, the first film layer and the second film layer collectively serve to completely cover the light-emitting device 11 to prevent the intrusion of moisture and oxygen; on the other hand, the first film layer 121 adopts a pattern design.
  • the patterned design can cut the expansion path of the film stress, block the crack propagation, and reduce the possibility of micro cracks during bending, thereby solving the problem that the existing film package is not resistant to bending. problem.
  • the density of the pattern gap on the frequently curved portion of the first film layer 121 is greater than the portion of the first film layer 121 other than the frequently curved portion.
  • the density of the pattern gap in other words, the first film layer 121 has a first pattern gap density on its frequently curved portion, and a second pattern gap density on a portion other than the frequently curved portion, and the first pattern gap density Greater than the second pattern gap density.
  • the first film layer 121 and the second film layer 122 are located above the light emitting device 11 (such as an OLED device) and extend outward at the edge so that the side of the edge device of the flexible display device can be
  • the water-oxygen barrier layer 12 is wrapped to prevent moisture and oxygen from invading from the side.
  • the water-oxygen barrier layer 12 may also be located above the light-emitting device 11 and extend outwardly downward at the edge to wrap the light-emitting device of the flexible display device and its side.
  • first film layer 121 and the second film layer 122 adopt a pattern design, they extend outward beyond the display area of the flexible display device to ensure that the water and oxygen barrier layer 12 composed of the first and second film layers can not only
  • the light-emitting device 11 is covered, and even the side surface of the light-emitting device located at the outermost edge of the display area can be covered by the water-oxygen barrier layer 12, and all the light-emitting devices 11 of the flexible display device can be completely covered to effectively prevent the intrusion of moisture and oxygen. Prevent the aging of organic materials and prolong the life of light-emitting devices.
  • the thickness of the first film layer 121 and the specific pattern may be set according to actual needs (bending resistance), which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the second film layer 122 may or may not be patterned, but should ensure that at least the pattern of the first film layer 121 can be covered. The gap is used to achieve complete protection of the light-emitting device 11 to protect it.
  • the first film layer 121 exhibits a curved stripe pattern, that is, the first film layer 121 includes a plurality of curved strip-shaped structures; the second film layer 122 also presents a curved strip pattern and exhibiting a complementary or complementary topography with the pattern of the first film layer 121. Specifically, the second film layer 122 also includes a plurality of curved strip structures, and the second film The strip structure in layer 122 covers the gaps in first film layer 121, presenting a pair of inlays as shown in FIG.
  • the curved strip structure can cut the expansion path of the stress of the plurality of film layers and block the crack propagation; at the same time, the first and second film layers are patterned by masking the mask layer to realize patterning and bending.
  • the mask corresponding to the strip structure is also easy to fabricate.
  • the flexible display device further includes: a pixel defining structure 110 for forming a luminescent material filling domain 111 as shown in FIG. 5; the luminescent material is filled in the luminescent material filling domain 111, first There is an overlap region between the film layer 121 and the second film layer 122, which overlaps the pixel defining structure 110.
  • the material of the pixel defining structure 110 is generally resistant to water and oxygen erosion, and even if water vapor and oxygen leak in the overlapping regions, it will only exist on the pixel defining structure 110 without affecting the light emitting device 11.
  • the flexible display device further includes: a flat layer 13; the flat layer 13 and the water oxygen barrier layer 12 are alternately stacked to collectively package the light emitting device 11 on the flexible display device.
  • a plurality of flat layers 13 and a plurality of water-oxygen barrier layers 12 are present, and these flat layers 13 and the water-oxygen barrier layer 12 are alternately arranged to exhibit a multilayer stacked structure.
  • the flat layer 13 mainly functions as a flattening action and a stress release, and is mostly formed by using an organic material
  • the water-oxygen barrier layer 12 mainly functions as a water-blocking effect, and is formed by using an inorganic material.
  • the water oxygen barrier layer 12 may be made of silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, silicon carbonitride, aluminum oxide or titanium dioxide, and the first film layer 121 and the second film layer 122 may be Actual use needs to be made of the same material, or Made of different materials.
  • the flat layer 13 is easy to introduce water vapor or oxygen during the fabrication, after completing the thin film transistor process and the light emitting device process, the water and oxygen barrier layer 12 is first formed on the light emitting device, and then the flat layer 13 is formed, that is, preferably, When the flat layer 13 and the water-oxygen barrier layer 12 are alternately stacked, the water-oxygen barrier layer 12 is first disposed. In other words, at least one water and oxygen barrier layer 12 is disposed between the flat layer 13 and the light emitting device 11.
  • the two layers of water-oxygen barrier layers 12a and 12b disposed via the flat layer 13 are strip-shaped patterns of inlays, and wherein One of the strip patterns in the water oxygen barrier layer 12a is arranged in a first direction (such as a lateral direction), and the strip patterns in the other water oxygen barrier layer 12b are arranged in a second direction (such as a longitudinal direction) crossing the first direction.
  • a first direction such as a lateral direction
  • the strip patterns in the other water oxygen barrier layer 12b are arranged in a second direction (such as a longitudinal direction) crossing the first direction.
  • the water-oxygen barrier layer 12 is used as the encapsulation layer in the embodiment, and the water-oxygen barrier layer 12 includes only the first film layer and the second film layer as an example, in fact, the water and oxygen barrier
  • the layer 12 is not limited to two layers of the first and second film layers, and may further include a plurality of layers.
  • the specific pattern, distribution density, and the like of each film layer are affected by the bending radius set by the display screen, and the thickness between the layers also affects each other.
  • the number of layers and the film layer can be determined by those skilled in the art according to actual conditions.
  • the pitch, the thickness of each layer, the pattern, etc. are designed or optimized.
  • a plurality of flat layers 13 and a plurality of water-oxygen barrier layers 12 are alternately stacked on top of each other, and the package film 14 coated on the entire surface of the light-emitting device 11 can also be formed in a conventional manner.
  • the flexible display device encapsulates the light emitting device by alternately stacking the flat layer and the water and oxygen barrier layer, and simultaneously patterning the water and oxygen barrier layer and staggering the patterns of different water and oxygen barrier layers.
  • it can completely encapsulate the light-emitting device to prevent the intrusion of water vapor and oxygen; on the other hand, the pattern design can cut the expansion path of the film stress, block the crack propagation, and reduce the micro-crack when bending. The possibility to solve the problem that the existing film package is not resistant to bending.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a packaging method of a flexible display device, including: a process of forming an encapsulation layer, the process of forming an encapsulation layer comprising: forming a patterned first film layer; forming a second film layer, The second film layer covers at least a pattern gap of the first film layer.
  • etching By etching, patterning, whether dry etching or wet etching, it is easy to damage the film layer constituting the light emitting device, and wet etching is easy to introduce water vapor, thereby forming a water and oxygen barrier layer selection mask to block
  • the method of patterning the first film layer, the second film layer may or may not be patterned, but the second film layer should at least cover the pattern gap of the first film layer to complete the light-emitting device. Covering for protection.
  • the forming step may be specifically as follows: forming a patterned first film layer or a patterned second film layer by an evaporation method, and specifically performing vapor deposition under the shielding of the mask plate The method of forming a patterned first film layer or a second film layer.
  • the thickness of the first film layer and the second film layer and the specific pattern may be set according to actual needs (bending resistance), which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the packaging method of the flexible display device provided by the embodiment of the present application includes at least one layer of the encapsulation layer described in the embodiment, which functions as a complete coating on the light-emitting device to prevent the intrusion of moisture and oxygen;
  • the first film layer of the encapsulation layer is patterned, and when the flexible display device is bent, curled or even folded, the pattern design can cut the expansion path of the film stress, block the crack propagation, and reduce the micro crack generated during the bending.
  • the possibility to solve the problem that the existing film package is not resistant to bending.
  • the first film layer and the second film layer formed in the above steps extend outward such that the side of the edge device of the flexible display device can be covered by the encapsulation layer to prevent water vapor and oxygen from immersing from the side.
  • the flexible display device further comprises: a process of forming a pixel defining structure 110 of the luminescent material filling domain 111; a process of filling the luminescent material in the luminescent material filling domain 111 and forming an upper electrode;
  • the region where the first film layer 121 and the second film layer 122 are formed to overlap each other corresponds to the distribution region of the pixel defining structure 110, so that even if water vapor and oxygen leak in the overlapping regions, the light is not emitted.
  • the device has an effect.
  • the encapsulation method further includes a step of forming a flat layer; the step of forming a flat layer and the step of forming the encapsulation layer alternately.
  • the step of forming the encapsulating layer is first performed, and the step of forming the flat layer and the step of forming the encapsulating layer are alternately performed.
  • the process of forming the planarization layer and the process of forming the water-oxygen barrier layer 12 are alternately performed in the above package, and the planarization layer 13 and the water-oxygen barrier layer 12 are formed.
  • the alternately stacked structures collectively package the light emitting device 11 on the flexible display device. Since the flat layer 13 is easy to introduce water vapor or oxygen during fabrication, it is preferable to first perform the process of forming the water-oxygen barrier layer 12 after completing the thin film transistor process and the light-emitting device process.
  • the process of forming a flat layer and the process of forming a water and oxygen barrier layer are alternately performed, as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG.
  • a first water-oxygen barrier layer is prepared on the surface of the organic light-emitting layer, and the manufacturing method is as follows: vacuum alignment, using a curved strip pattern mask 1-1 (shown in FIG. 9) to deposit inorganic substances above the position of the light-emitting device a material layer, the formed inorganic material layer has a strip-shaped bent shape; and the second inorganic material layer is further deposited by using a masking strip 1-2 (shown in FIG.
  • the layer of inorganic material also has a strip-shaped bent shape, and the curved shape and the first formed curved shape exhibit a pair of embedded shapes in the vertical direction, and the bent shape coverage area of the second inorganic material layer is slightly larger than The gap of the curved shape formed for the first time.
  • the first water oxygen barrier layer 12a is composed of an inorganic material layer (first film layer 121) and a second inorganic material layer (second film layer 122). 9 and 10 show the structures of the mask 1-1 and the mask 1-2, respectively.
  • An optional manufacturing method is as follows: depositing an organic material layer by using an open mask that is open on the entire surface of the display area of the flexible display device, or using a screen printing device (Screen Printing) / / Spraying equipment (Dispensing) for coating to form an organic material layer.
  • the step of forming a water-oxygen barrier layer is performed again to form a strip-shaped pair of second water-oxygen barrier layers 12b, wherein the strip patterns in the first water-oxygen barrier layer 12a are laterally arranged, and the second water-oxygen barrier The strip patterns in layer 12b are arranged longitudinally.
  • this step forms a second encapsulation layer, and the second encapsulation layer includes a complementary strip structure, wherein the stripe structure in the second encapsulation layer is arranged to cross the stripe structure of the first encapsulation layer.
  • the manufacturing method of this step can be as the above step 101, except that the mask used by the layer and the mask in step 101 are used.
  • the stripes are arranged in different directions, and a second water-oxygen barrier layer with a curved package region is also formed, except that the stripes extend in the other direction of the panel.
  • the present invention solves the technical problem that the light-emitting device packaging film is not resistant to bending by bending-patterning the water-oxygen barrier layer for encapsulation and achieving the staggered arrangement of different water-oxygen barrier layer bending patterns.
  • the route of water and oxygen erosion is set, so that the easily corroded place corresponds to the erosion-resistant pixel defining material, so that the water-blocking oxygen performance of the encapsulating layer is improved.
  • the flexible display device in this embodiment may be any product or component having a display function, such as an OLED panel, an electronic paper, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a display, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, and the like.
  • a display function such as an OLED panel, an electronic paper, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a display, a notebook computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, and the like.
  • first and second words are used in the present application to classify similar items.
  • the first and second words are not limited in number, but are an example of a preferred mode. It is to be understood that a person skilled in the art, based on the disclosure of the present application, has obvious similar modifications or related extensions within the scope of the present application.

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Abstract

一种柔性显示装置和柔性显示装置的封装方法，该柔性显示装置包括：发光器件(11)和封装所述发光器件(11)的封装层(12)。所述封装层(12)包括：图案化的第一膜层(121)，所述第一膜层(121)具有图案间隙；第二膜层(122)，至少覆盖所述第一膜层(121)的图案间隙。

Description

柔性显示装置和柔性显示装置的封装方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张在2015年4月9日在中国提交的中国专利申请号No.201510166496.4的优先权，其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
技术领域
本申请涉及显示领域，尤其涉及一种柔性显示装置和柔性显示装置的封装方法。
背景技术
柔性显示器件凭借其轻薄、可弯折、耐冲击的特性，即将取代传统的平板显示器件成为显示领域的主流。目前可实现柔性显示的显示技术中，OLED(Organic light Emitting Display，有机发光二极管显示)因具有响应速度快、视角宽、亮度高、低功耗等优异性能并且为自发光器件，抗弯折等特性，近年来成为柔性显示领域研究的热点。
OLED器件对水汽、氧气非常敏感，很容易发生衰减，有效的封装可以防止水汽和氧气的浸入，防止有机材料老化，延长OLED器件寿命。目前多采用在基板上沉积单层或者多层薄膜来对OLED器件进行整面包覆，以达到封装之目的，虽然具有较好的阻水氧性能，保证OLED器件的使用寿命，但柔性OLED器件的使用会涉及到弯曲、卷曲甚至折叠的动作，用以封装的薄膜容易损坏，即现有薄膜封装方式用于柔性器件时，其可信赖性无法得到保证。
发明内容
本申请的实施例提供一种柔性显示装置和柔性显示装置的封装方法，能够解决现有薄膜封装不耐弯曲的问题。
为达到上述目的，本申请的实施例采用如下技术方案：
本申请的实施例提供一种柔性显示装置，包括：发光器件和封装所述发 光器件的封装层，所述封装层包括：图案化的第一膜层，所述第一膜层具有图案间隙；第二膜层，至少覆盖所述第一膜层的图案间隙。
可选地，所述封装层为水氧阻隔层。
进一步优选地，所述的柔性显示装置，还包括：用以形成发光材料填充域的像素界定结构；所述第一膜层与所述第二膜层存在交叠区域，所述交叠区域与所述像素界定结构相对应。
优选地，所述第一膜层和所述第二膜层位于所述发光器件的上方或下方，在边缘向外延伸，使得所述柔性显示装置最边缘发光器件的侧面被所述封装层包裹。
优选地，所述第一膜层包括多个弯曲的条形化结构。
可选地，所述第二膜层包括多个弯曲的条形化结构，且所述第二膜层的条形化结构与所述第一膜层的条形化结构互补。
优选地，所述的柔性显示装置还包括：还包括：平坦层；所述平坦层与所述封装层交替堆叠，共同对所述柔性显示装置上的发光器件进行封装。
优选地，所述平坦层与所述发光器件之间设置有至少一层所述封装层。
优选地，隔着所述平坦层设置的两层封装层均为条状图案，且其中之一封装层中的条状图案沿第一方向排列，另一封装层中的条状图案沿与所述第一方向相交叉的第二方向排列。
优选地，所述第一膜层在所述第一膜层的频繁弯曲部分具有第一图案间隙密度，而在所述第一膜层上除所述频繁弯曲部分之外的部分具有第二图案间隙密度，且所述第一图案间隙密度大于所述第二图案间隙密度。
优选地，所述第一膜层和所述第二膜层采用不同无机材料制成。
本申请的实施例还提供一种柔性显示装置的封装方法，包括：形成封装层的工序，所述形成封装层的工序包括：形成图案化的第一膜层，所述第一膜层具有图案间隙；形成第二膜层，所述第二膜层至少覆盖所述第一膜层的图案间隙。
可选地，所述第二膜层为图案化的第二膜层，采用蒸镀法形成图案化的第一膜层或图案化的第二膜层。
优选地，所述第一膜层与所述第二膜层存在交叠区域，所述交叠区域与 像素界定结构相对应。
可选地，所述封装层为水氧阻隔层。
进一步地，还包括：形成平坦层的工序；所述形成平坦层的工序与所述形成封装层的工序交替进行。
优选地，完成发光器件的制造工序后，首先进行所述形成封装层的工序。
可选地，所述形成平坦层的工序与所述形成水氧阻隔层的工序交替进行，具体包括：形成第一封装层，所述第一封装层包括互补的条形化结构；形成平坦层；形成第二封装层，所述第二封装层包括互补的条形化结构，其中，所述第二封装层中的条形化结构与所述第一封装层的条形化结构交叉排列。
可选地，所述形成平坦层包括：利用蒸镀法在所述柔性显示装置的显示区域沉积所述平坦层，或者，利用网版印刷设备或喷涂设备进行涂覆形成所述平坦层。
本申请的实施例提供一种柔性显示装置和柔性显示装置的封装方法，将用以封装发光器件的封装层分层并进行图案化设计，并使其中之一膜层至少覆盖另一图案化膜层的图案间隙，这样既能达到对发光器件进行整面包覆，防止水汽和氧气的浸入的目的，又能在柔性显示装置弯曲、卷曲甚至折叠时减少应力积累，防止封装薄膜损坏，从而解决现有薄膜封装不耐弯曲的问题。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1为现有技术中柔性发光器件采用薄膜进行封装的截面结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例一提供的柔性显示装置的截面结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例一中第一膜层的平面结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例一中第一膜层和第二膜层的平面结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例一中像素界定层的平面结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例一中柔性显示装置封装结构的平面示意图；
图7为本申请实施例二中柔性显示装置的进行封装的过程示意图；
图8为本申请实施例二中柔性显示装置的封装方法流程图；
图9为本申请实施例二中掩膜板1-1的结构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例二中掩膜板1-2的结构示意图。
附图标记
10-基板，11-发光器件，12-水氧阻隔层，121-第一膜层，
122-第二膜层，13-平坦层，14-封装膜，111-发光材料填充域，
110-像素界定结构，12a-水氧阻隔层，12b-水氧阻隔层。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
为防止水汽和氧气的浸入，达到有效封装，如图1所示，现有技术在基板上沉积单层或者多层薄膜200来对OLED器件201进行整面包覆，但采用该种封装方法，在柔性显示装置发生弯曲时，封装膜层容易产生裂纹。当器件发生弯曲时，由于封装膜层内存在的小洞以及封装膜层与所接触的膜层间应力匹配问题，容易使封装膜层沿着缺陷位置发生破裂。
基于上述的问题，本申请的实施例提供一种新型的柔性显示装置，包括：发光器件和用于封装发光器件的封装层，所述封装层包括：图案化的第一膜层；第二膜层，至少覆盖所述第一膜层的图案间隙。
本实施例将原本一层分布的封装层进行分层并进行图案化设计，简言之，本实施例封装层至少包括图案化的第一膜层，还包括图案化或者不进行图案化设计的第二膜层，其中，第二膜层至少覆盖上述第一膜层的图案间隙，这样既能达到对发光器件进行整面包覆，防止水汽和氧气的浸入的目的，同时分层以及图案化设计又能在柔性显示装置弯曲、卷曲甚至折叠时减少应力积累，防止封装薄膜损坏，从而解决现有薄膜封装不耐弯曲的问题。
上述封装层包括但不限于水氧阻隔层，下面以水氧阻隔层为例，对本实施例提供的柔性显示装置及其封装结构进行详细说明：如图2所示，该柔性 显示装置包括：基板10，设置在基板10上的发光器件11，还包括用以封装发光器件11的水氧阻隔层12，所述水氧阻隔层12包括：图案化的第一膜层121；第二膜层122，至少覆盖第一膜层121的图案间隙。
本申请的实施例提供的柔性显示装置，至少包括一层用以封装的水氧阻隔层12，且该水氧阻隔层12至少包括图案化的第一膜层121和覆盖第一膜层121的图案间隙的第二膜层122，第一、第二膜层共同对发光器件11起到完整包覆的作用，防止水汽和氧气的浸入；另一方面，第一膜层121采用图案化设计，能在柔性显示装置弯曲、卷曲甚至折叠时，图案化设计可以切断膜层应力的扩展路径，阻断裂纹的扩展，减少弯曲时产生微裂纹的可能性，从而解决现有薄膜封装不耐弯曲的问题。在一实施例中，为了进一步提高柔性显示装置的耐弯曲性能，在第一膜层121的频繁弯曲部分上的图案间隙的密度大于在第一膜层121的除频繁弯曲部分之外的部分上的图案间隙的密度；换言之，第一膜层121在其频繁弯曲部分上具有第一图案间隙密度，而在除频繁弯曲部分之外的部分上具有第二图案间隙密度，且第一图案间隙密度大于第二图案间隙密度。
优选地，如图2所示，第一膜层121和第二膜层122位于发光器件11(如OLED器件)的上方，在边缘向外延伸，使得柔性显示装置最边缘发光器件的侧面能被水氧阻隔层12包裹，避免水汽和氧气从侧面侵入。当然，水氧阻隔层12也可以位于发光器件11的上方，在边缘向外向下延伸，包裹柔性显示装置的发光器件及其侧面。
无论第一膜层121和第二膜层122是否采用图案化设计，均向外延伸超出柔性显示装置的显示区域，以保证由第一、第二膜层共同构成的水氧阻隔层12不仅能覆盖发光器件11，而且即使位于显示区域最边缘的发光器件的侧面也能够被水氧阻隔层12覆盖，对柔性显示装置的所有发光器件11都能完整包覆，有效防止水汽和氧气的侵入，防止有机材料老化，延长发光器件寿命。
具体实施时，第一膜层121的厚度以及具体图形可以根据实际需要(耐弯折性能)进行设置，本实施例对此不加限定。此外，第二膜层122可以采用图案化设计，也可以不采用，但应保证至少能覆盖第一膜层121的图案间 隙以实现对发光器件11完整包覆从而起到防护作用。
作为一种优选的实施方案，如图3所示，第一膜层121呈现弯曲的条形化图案，即第一膜层121包括多个弯曲的条形化结构；第二膜层122也呈现弯曲的条形化图案，并且与第一膜层121的图案呈现对嵌或者能够互补的形貌，具体而言，第二膜层122也包括多个弯曲的条形化结构，且第二膜层122中的条形化结构覆盖第一膜层121中的间隙，呈现如图4所示的对嵌形貌。另外，弯曲的条形化结构可以切断多个方向膜层应力的扩展路径，阻断裂纹的扩展；同时因第一、第二膜层多通过掩膜板遮挡进行膜层沉积实现图案化，弯曲的条形化结构对应的掩膜板也容易制作。
另外，为保证对发光器件实现完整包覆，不存在暴露或易暴露区域，尽量使第一膜层121的条形化结构与第二膜层122中的条形化结构多重叠一部分。
作为另一优选的实施方案，所述的柔性显示装置还包括：如图5所示用以形成发光材料填充域111的像素界定结构110；发光材料添充于发光材料填充域111中，第一膜层121与第二膜层122存在交叠区域，所述交叠区域与像素界定结构110相对应。
在第一膜层121与第二膜层122相交叠的区域容易有水汽、氧气泄漏进来(特别是在柔性显示装置弯曲时)，将第一、第二膜层相交叠的区域设置在像素界定结构110上方，像素界定结构110的材料一般耐水氧侵蚀，即便在相交叠的区域有水汽、氧气泄漏进来，也只会存在于像素界定结构110上，不会对发光器件11产生影响。
作为另一优选的实施方案，所述的柔性显示装置还包括：平坦层13；平坦层13与水氧阻隔层12交替堆叠，共同对柔性显示装置上的发光器件11进行封装。本实施例中存在多个平坦层13和多个水氧阻隔层12，并且这些平坦层13和水氧阻隔层12交替设置，呈现多层堆叠的结构。其中，平坦层13主要起平坦化作用和应力释放作用，多采用有机材料形成；水氧阻隔层12主要起阻水氧作用，多采用无机材料形成。在一实施例中，水氧阻隔层12可采用氮化硅、氮氧化硅、碳氮化硅、三氧化二铝或者二氧化钛等制成，且第一膜层121和第二膜层122可根据实际使用需要采用相同的材料制成，也可以 采用不同的材料制成。而且，由于平坦层13在制作中容易引入水汽或氧，因此在完成薄膜晶体管工艺以及发光器件工艺后，先在发光器件上先形成水氧阻隔层12，再形成平坦层13，即优选地，平坦层13和水氧阻隔层12交替堆叠时，水氧阻隔层12首先设置。换言之，平坦层13与发光器件11之间设置有至少一层水氧阻隔层12。
优选地，多个平坦层13和多个水氧阻隔层12交替堆叠设置时，隔着平坦层13设置的两层水氧阻隔层12a和12b均为对嵌形貌的条状图案，且其中之一水氧阻隔层12a中的条状图案沿第一方向(如横向)排列，另一水氧阻隔层12b中的条状图案沿与第一方向相交叉的第二方向(如纵向)排列，这样可以更好防止在水氧阻隔层中第一、第二膜层相交叠区域发生水汽、氧气泄漏现象。
上述实施例中以水氧阻隔层12作为本实施例所述封装层，且水氧阻隔层12只包括第一膜层和第二膜层两层为例进行说明的，实际上，水氧阻隔层12并不限于第一、第二膜层两层，还可以包括多层。每层膜层的具体图形、分布密度等受显示屏设定的弯折半径影响，并且层与层之间的厚度也会相互影响，本领域技术人员可以根据实际情况对膜层数目、膜层间距，每层膜层的厚度、图案等进行设计或优化。
进一步地，多个平坦层13和多个水氧阻隔层12交替堆叠结构之上，还可以按现有方法形成对发光器件11整面包覆的封装薄膜14。
本申请的实施例提供的柔性显示装置，采用平坦层和水氧阻隔层交替堆叠方式对发光器件进行封装，同时通过对水氧阻隔层进行图案化，并使不同水氧阻隔层的图案交错排列，一方面对发光器件起到完整包覆的作用，防止水汽和氧气的浸入；另一方面，图案化设计可以切断膜层应力的扩展路径，阻断裂纹的扩展，减少弯曲时产生微裂纹的可能性，从而解决现有薄膜封装不耐弯曲的问题。
实施例二
本申请的实施例还提供一种柔性显示装置的封装方法，包括：形成封装层的工序，所述形成封装层的工序包括：形成图案化的第一膜层；形成第二膜层，所述第二膜层至少覆盖所述第一膜层的图案间隙。
通过刻蚀进行图案化，无论干法刻蚀还是湿法刻蚀都容易对构成发光器件的膜层造成损坏，湿法刻蚀更是容易引入水气，因此形成水氧阻隔层选择掩模遮挡的方法对第一膜层进行图案化，第二膜层可以选择采用图案化也可以不选择图案化，但应保证第二膜层至少能覆盖第一膜层的图案间隙以实现对发光器件完整包覆从而起到防护作用。如果第二膜层也采用图案化设计，形成步骤可以具体如下：采用蒸镀法形成图案化的第一膜层或图案化的第二膜层，具体可采用掩膜板的遮挡下进行蒸镀的方法，形成图案化的第一膜层或第二膜层。
具体实施时，第一膜层及第二膜层的厚度以及具体图形可以根据实际需要(耐弯折性能)进行设置，本实施例对此不加限定。
本申请的实施例提供的柔性显示装置的封装方法，至少包括一层本实施例所述的封装层，一方面对发光器件起到完整包覆的作用，防止水汽和氧气的浸入；另一方面，封装层的第一膜层采用图案化设计，能在柔性显示装置弯曲、卷曲甚至折叠时，图案化设计可以切断膜层应力的扩展路径，阻断裂纹的扩展，减少弯曲时产生微裂纹的可能性，从而解决现有薄膜封装不耐弯曲的问题。
优选地，上述步骤中形成的第一膜层和第二膜层向外延伸，使得柔性显示装置最边缘发光器件的侧面能被封装层覆盖，避免水汽和氧气从侧面浸入。
优选地，所述的柔性显示装置进行封装之前还包括：形成发光材料填充域111的像素界定结构110的工序；将发光材料添充于发光材料填充域111中以及形成上电极的工序；本实施例封装时形成的第一膜层121与第二膜层122相交叠的区域与像素界定结构110的分布区域相对应，这样即便在相交叠的区域有水汽、氧气泄漏进来，也不会对发光器件产生影响。
优选地，所述的封装方法还包括：形成平坦层的工序；所述形成平坦层的工序与所述形成封装层的工序交替进行。优选地，完成发光器件的制造工序后，首先进行所述形成封装层的工序，再交替进行形成平坦层的工序与形成封装层的工序。
如果所述封装层为水氧阻隔层12为例，上述封装方中则是形成平坦层的工序与形成水氧阻隔层12的工序交替进行，形成平坦层13与水氧阻隔层12 交替堆叠的结构，共同对柔性显示装置上的发光器件11进行封装。由于平坦层13在制作中容易引入水汽或氧，因此优选地在完成薄膜晶体管工艺以及发光器件工艺后，首先进行形成水氧阻隔层12的工序。
为了本领域技术人员更好的理解本申请实施例提供的封装方法，下面继续以水氧阻隔层12为例通过具体的实施例对本申请提供的技术方案进行详细说明。
本申请实施例提供的封装方法，形成平坦层的工序与形成水氧阻隔层的工序交替进行，如图7和图8所示，具体包括：
101、进行形成水氧阻隔层的工序，形成条状对嵌形貌的第一水氧阻隔层12a，即形成的第一封装层为第一水氧阻隔层12a，包括互补的条形化结构；
本步骤在有机发光层表面制备第一水氧阻隔层，制作方法如下：真空对位，利用弯曲型条状图案的掩膜板1-1(如图9所示)在发光器件位置上方沉积无机材料层，形成的该无机材料层呈条状的弯折形状；再用利用弯曲型条状图案的掩膜板1-2(如图10所示)继续沉积第二层无机材料层，第二层无机材料层也呈条状的弯折形状，并且其弯曲形状与第一次形成的弯曲形状在竖直方向上呈现对嵌形貌，第二层无机材料层的弯折形状覆盖区域略大于第一次形成的弯曲形状的间隙。第一水氧阻隔层12a由无机材料层(第一膜层121)和第二层无机材料层(第二膜层122)共同拼接组成。图9和图10所示分别为掩膜板1-1和掩膜板1-2的结构。
102、进行形成平坦层13的工序。本步骤制作平坦层13，一种可选的制作方法如下：利用在柔性显示装置的显示区域整面开口的掩膜板(open mask)沉积有机材料层，或者，利用网版印刷设备(Screen Printing)/或喷涂设备(Dispensing)进行涂覆形成有机材料层。
103、再次进行形成水氧阻隔层的工序，形成条状对嵌形貌的第二水氧阻隔层12b，其中，第一水氧阻隔层12a中的条状图案横向排列，第二水氧阻隔层12b中的条状图案纵向排列。
即本步骤形成第二封装层，所述第二封装层包括互补的条形化结构，其中，第二封装层中的条形化结构与第一封装层的条形化结构交叉排列。本步骤制作方法可如上述步骤101，只是该层利用的掩膜板与步骤101中掩膜板 的条纹排列方向不同，同样形成带有弯曲封装区域的第二水氧阻隔层，只不过条纹沿面板的另一方向延伸。
需要说明的是，本实施例仅以水氧阻隔层之上形成平坦层，平坦层之上再叠加一层水氧阻隔层共三层结构为例进行了说明，实际上堆叠的平坦层和水氧阻隔层的层数并不限制。
本申请通过对用以封装的水氧阻隔层进行弯曲型图案化，并达到不同水氧阻隔层弯曲图案交错排布的效果，从而解决了发光器件封装薄膜不耐弯曲的技术问题。同时，另一方面通过设置弯折图形，对水氧侵蚀的路线进行设定，使得易受侵蚀的地方与耐侵蚀像素界定材料相对应，使得封装层的阻水氧性能得到提升。
本实施例所述柔性显示装置可以为：OLED面板、电子纸、手机、平板电脑、电视机、显示器、笔记本电脑、数码相框、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。
本实施例中的技术特征，再不冲突的前提下，可以任意组合使用。
为了便于清楚说明，在本申请中采用了第一、第二等字样对相似项进行类别区分，该第一、第二字样并不在数量上对本申请进行限制，只是对一种优选的方式的举例说明，本领域技术人员根据本申请公开的内容，想到的显而易见的相似变形或相关扩展均属于本申请的保护范围内。
本说明书中的各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述，各个实施例之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处。尤其，对于方法实施例而言，由于其基本相似于设备实施例，所以描述得比较简单，相关之处参见方法实施例的部分说明即可。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应该以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种柔性显示装置，包括：发光器件和封装所述发光器件的封装层，其中，所述封装层包括：
    图案化的第一膜层；所述第一膜层具有图案间隙；
    第二膜层，至少覆盖所述第一膜层的图案间隙。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的柔性显示装置，其中，
    所述封装层为水氧阻隔层。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的柔性显示装置，其中，还包括：用以形成发光材料填充域的像素界定结构；
    所述第一膜层与所述第二膜层存在交叠区域，所述交叠区域与所述像素界定结构相对应。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的柔性显示装置，其中，
    所述第一膜层和所述第二膜层位于所述发光器件的上方或下方，在边缘向外延伸，使得所述柔性显示装置最边缘发光器件的侧面被所述封装层包裹。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的柔性显示装置，其中，所述第一膜层包括多个弯曲的条形化结构。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的柔性显示装置，其中，
    所述第二膜层包括多个弯曲的条形化结构，且所述第二膜层的条形化结构与所述第一膜层的条形化结构互补。
  7. 根据权利要求2-6任一项所述的柔性显示装置，其中，还包括：平坦层；
    所述平坦层与所述封装层交替堆叠，共同对所述柔性显示装置上的发光器件进行封装。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的柔性显示装置，其中，所述平坦层与所述发光器件之间设置有至少一层所述封装层。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的柔性显示装置，其中，隔着所述平坦层设置的两层封装层均为条状图案，且其中之一封装层中的条状图案沿第一方向排列，另一封装层中的条状图案沿与所述第一方向相交叉的第二方向排列。
  10. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的柔性显示装置，其中，所述第一膜层在所述第一膜层的频繁弯曲部分具有第一图案间隙密度，而在所述第一膜层上除所述频繁弯曲部分之外的部分具有第二图案间隙密度，且所述第一图案间隙密度大于所述第二图案间隙密度。
  11. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的柔性显示装置，其中，所述第一膜层和所述第二膜层采用不同无机材料制成。
  12. 一种柔性显示装置的封装方法，包括：形成封装层的工序，所述形成封装层的工序包括：
    形成图案化的第一膜层，所述第一膜层具有图案间隙；
    形成第二膜层，所述第二膜层至少覆盖所述第一膜层的图案间隙。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的封装方法，其中，所述第二膜层为图案化的第二膜层，
    采用蒸镀法形成图案化的第一膜层或图案化的第二膜层。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的封装方法，其中，
    所述第一膜层与所述第二膜层存在交叠区域，所述交叠区域与像素界定结构相对应。
  15. 根据权利要求12-14任一项所述的封装方法，其中，
    所述封装层为水氧阻隔层。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的封装方法，其中，还包括：形成平坦层的工序；所述形成平坦层的工序与所述形成封装层的工序交替进行。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的封装方法，其中，完成发光器件的制造工序后，首先进行所述形成封装层的工序。
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的封装方法，其中，所述形成平坦层的工序与 所述形成封装层的工序交替进行，具体包括：
    形成第一封装层，所述第一封装层包括互补的条形化结构；
    形成平坦层；
    形成第二封装层，所述第二封装层包括互补的条形化结构，其中，所述第二封装层中的条形化结构与所述第一封装层的条形化结构交叉排列。
  19. 根据权利要求16所述的封装方法，其中，所述形成平坦层包括：
    利用蒸镀法在所述柔性显示装置的显示区域沉积所述平坦层，或者，利用网版印刷设备或喷涂设备进行涂覆形成所述平坦层。
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