WO2016158859A1 - Fluid jetting method and fluid film formation method - Google Patents

Abstract

[Problem] To jet a fluid with increased productivity using a compact, inexpensive apparatus provided with a plurality of jetting ports whereby effects are maintained that are the same as ideal effects of a pulsed spray or the like jetted from a single jetting port. [Solution] In the present invention, the timing of jetting from adjacent jetting ports among a plurality of jetting ports arranged compactly in one row, multiple rows, a circle, or another arrangement is offset and jetting is performed so that adjacent jet flows do not interfere with each other in space. Jetting is also performed in pulsed fashion and the jetting timing of fluid from adjacent jetting ports is offset, whereby the patterns of jet flows from individual jetting ports do not interfere in space. A pattern the same as that of jetting from a single jetting port is therefore obtained, and particle diameter or fiber diameter is stabilized. Large quantities of particles or fibers can also be manufactured. The quality of washing, film formation, or the like as the subject is also stabilized for the same reason, and productivity can be enhanced. The size of the apparatus is also not increased, and initial cost can be suppressed.

Description

Fluid ejection method and fluid film formation method

The present invention relates to a method of ejecting a gas, liquid, melt, powder, supercritical fluid, or a fluid selected and mixed from these, or a method of ejecting these fluids to form a film on an object.
The jet of the present invention means that the fluid moves from the jet outlet at a desired speed, and the area of the jet flow pattern downstream of the jet outlet is larger than the jet outlet, for example, dripping, dispensing, spraying. Including. Accordingly, the jet port may be a fine hole or a complex shape such as a two-fluid spray nozzle, and the size of the shape is not questioned. The final product related to or manufactured by fluid includes a granulation method in which a liquid drug is made into particles in the air and used for pharmaceuticals, etc., and fiber or non-woven fabric manufacturing by a melt blown method or electrospinning. It also includes cleaning of the base material by ejecting liquid such as deionized water or solvent, or dry granulated ice. Furthermore, blasting is also included in which the granular material is ejected together with the compressed gas to contact or collide with the object to be deburred. In addition, film formation includes CVD in which a jet flow moves toward an object such as an object to be coated, and collides with or adheres to the object, and general coating and CVD that forms a film by bringing a source gas into contact with a high-temperature object. In addition, an MOCVD method in which an organic metal raw material is moved by a carrier gas by bubbling or the like to form a film is also included. Powder that is ejected from the jet outlet as a fluid mixed with compressed gas, moved and applied, spray of fluid such as liquid mixed with supercriticality, air-assisted dispensing jet, atomization (including fiberization) application, This includes a method of applying particles and fibers to an object to be coated, such as electrostatic atomization (including fiberization) application, and also includes microcurtain application.
A micro curtain is a wide-angle airless spray nozzle or the like that is used to spray liquid or the like at a relatively low pressure of 1 MPa or less, preferably around 0.3 MPa. In this method, the nozzle is traversed and applied, and overspray particles are not generated on the coating surface. It changes to a mist when the distance increases after passing through the object.
In addition to atomization (spraying), atomization (fibrosis) is applied by a method of producing particles and fibers by spinning liquids and melts with ultrasonic waves, electrospinning spins, centrifugal force with rotating bodies, melt-blown methods, etc. It refers to a method of attaching or applying them to an object.

Conventionally, when performing application work such as spraying materials in a process such as painting using materials such as liquids, melts, or powders, particles are scattered and adhered to places other than the object to be coated. There was a phenomenon (called overspray in the industry). Since powder coatings require powder to adhere to the object to be coated, such as metal, most use static electricity to charge the powder and attach it to the object to be coated. It was. In addition, when the object to be coated is a conductor such as metal, static electricity is used to improve the coating efficiency. An object to be coated such as a thin plate having no unevenness or a long web (WEB), which is a liquid or a melted material, can be processed at high speed with a simple coating apparatus such as a roll coat, curtain coat or slot nozzle. However, in order to apply electrode ink to uneven coating objects such as LEDs, and delicate electrolyte membranes for polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC) that instantly deform with moisture or moisture, a thin film is uniformly laminated. There was no other way but to apply fine particles such as spraying and ultrasonic atomization.

When the fluid is ejected by a spray nozzle or the like, in order to apply to a base material wider than the spray pattern and increase the production speed, the head of the wide spray pattern is used, for example, 30 to 60 per minute perpendicular to the base material. It was necessary to traverse at a high speed of meters or to use a plurality of spray heads side by side so as to be orthogonal to the substrate. If the spray angle of the spray is wide, there are many rebounds according to the reason of incidence and reflection, and the spray flow is blown by the wind generated at the traverse speed and the directionality is lost, so the coating efficiency is less than 30% in the two-fluid spray, airless The spray was 50% or less. Even in the latter case, the rebound is the same. When the spray pattern is arranged so as to wrap and sprayed at the same time, the spray pattern interferes and the pattern is disturbed and deformed, and a uniform coating distribution cannot be obtained. For this reason, it is necessary to install them apart from each other so that the spray patterns do not interfere with each other. This increases the control cost of the apparatus, which necessitates a complicated and large apparatus.

Further, in a general continuous spray device, in order to eliminate nozzle clogging, it is common to increase the nozzle diameter and the cross-sectional area of the flow rate restricting portion. For this reason, if you want to coat the object with a thin film, if the object is transported at a low speed, the amount of coating per unit area will increase too much. If it was good, the spray device had to be applied while traversing the spray device at high speed perpendicular to the object. It was common knowledge in the industry that when the spray flow is moved at a high speed, it is blown by the wind as described above and the coating efficiency is extremely lowered. Therefore, in the field of general coating, the coating efficiency was low as shown below. Moreover, in order to improve the finished state of the coating material, it was necessary to atomize the spray particles. When atomized and sprayed at a wide angle, the coating efficiency was 30% or less in a method called air spray or two-fluid spray. With similar specifications, the coating efficiency in airless spraying was about 40 to 60 percent. Even when static electricity was applied, the former was 40 to 60 percent and the latter was about 60 to 75 percent.

Patent Document 1 is a prior art invented by the present inventors in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, and in order to eliminate nozzle clogging, it is intermittently (pulsed) sprayed with a nozzle having a large flow path to unit time. The flow rate per hit can be reduced.

Patent Document 2 is a method of applying powder by a pulse application method invented by the present inventor to stabilize the application amount by increasing the ejector pump pressure and to adjust the flow rate by the number of pulses per unit time.

Patent Documents 3 and 4 are also cleaning methods invented by the present inventors, and have a cleaning effect that cannot be achieved by continuous spraying by irradiating the cleaning medium against the object to be cleaned in a pulsed manner. Is disclosed.

JP 61-161175 A JP 62-11574 JP 03-123681 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 03-196884

As described above, spraying in the general coating field and cleaning methods are generally performed by continuous spraying using a wide-angle nozzle to increase productivity, and when performing pulse spraying using multiple spray devices or spray heads. Even so, there were many cases of ignoring the interference of the spray style. In order to prevent the interference, for example, the heads are separated from each other in the flow direction of the object to be coated and the apparatus becomes large and the control is complicated.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to increase the productivity and make the apparatus compact. Increase material use efficiency. Another purpose, for example, to perform perfect cleaning with impact on the object to be cleaned by the cleaning agent. Alternatively, deposit a gas fluid or liquid uniformly on the target. A large amount of granulation with stable quality and stable quality. Alternatively, an effective blasting of the object is performed.

The present invention provides a method for ejecting fluid from a plurality of ejection ports, wherein the fluid is ejected at different timings so that the ejection flow from adjacent ejection ports does not interfere downstream. To do.

The present invention provides a fluid jetting method characterized by jetting in pulses at different timings so that jets from adjacent jet outlets do not interfere with each other.

The present invention provides a fluid ejection method, wherein the fluid is a liquid, a melt, a powder, a gas, a supercritical fluid, or a mixture selected from at least two of them.

The present invention provides a fluid ejection method characterized by electrostatically charging a fluid.

The present invention provides a fluid ejection method characterized by adding ultrasonic waves to a fluid at least in the vicinity of an ejection port.

The present invention provides a fluid ejection method, wherein the ejected fluid is particles or fibers.

The present invention provides a fluid ejection method, wherein the number of pulses is 1 to 1000 per second.

The present invention includes a first step of installing a plurality of jets downstream of one automatic opening / closing mechanism (valve) of fluid, a second step of installing a plurality of automatic opening / closing mechanisms, and a plurality of automatic opening / closing mechanisms. There is provided a fluid ejection method comprising a third step in which at least two automatic opening / closing mechanisms are selected and the downstream ejection ports are alternately arranged so as to be adjacent to each other.

The present invention is a method of ejecting a fluid from a plurality of jets toward an object, and a first step of arranging the plurality of jets so that a jet pattern from adjacent jets on the target wraps. And when one of the adjacent jets ejects, the second process in which the jets are ejected in a pulsed manner at different timings so as not to eject from the other jet, and the ejected fluid collides with the object or A fluid film forming method comprising a third step of contacting is provided.

The present invention is characterized in that a plurality of spouts exist as a group in one row or substantially one row or a plurality of rows, the plurality of spouts and the object move relative to each other, and the ejected fluid collides with or comes into contact with the object. A fluid deposition method is provided.

The present invention provides a fluid film forming method characterized in that a plurality of jet nozzles are arranged on a circle or a substantially circle, or a circle or a circle.

The present invention is directed to an object of a pulsed jet flow of fluid from a jet group consisting of a plurality of jet nozzles arranged in a row or substantially in a row, or from a jet group consisting of a plurality of jet ports arranged in one head. A first step of adhering the fluid to an object so as not to wrap the pattern in the second object, and a second object in which the object and the one-row or substantially one-row jet group or the jet group of one head move relative to each other. And a pattern in which the fluid is adhered to each other by the reciprocating movement of 1 to 30 millimeters perpendicular to or substantially perpendicular to the object. And a third step of lapping. A fluid film forming method is provided.

The present invention is directed to an object of a pulsed jet flow of fluid from a jet group consisting of a plurality of jet nozzles arranged in a row or substantially in a row, or from a jet group consisting of a plurality of jet ports arranged in one head. And a second step of arranging a plurality of rows of the one row or substantially one row of jet nozzle groups or head jet nozzle groups perpendicularly or substantially perpendicular to the moving direction of the object. A step, a third step in which the object and the outlet group move relative to each other, and a pattern in which at least a second row of ejection pulse-like jet flows on the object has already been attached to the fluid in the first row. A fluid film forming method comprising a fourth step of lapping.

In the present invention, the fluid is a liquid, a melt, a granular material, a gas, a supercritical fluid, or a mixture of at least two selected from them, and the ejected fluid is formed on the object. A method for forming a fluid film is provided.

The present invention is characterized in that the object is a heated substrate, the fluid is a raw material gas or a spray pyrolysis method solution, and is performed in a pulsed manner so that the jet flow of the fluid overcomes the rising airflow of the object A fluid film forming method is provided.

According to the fluid ejection method and film formation method of the present invention, fluids from a plurality of ejection ports do not interfere with each other and move independently in a desired ejection flow pattern. For example, if the fluid is a paint such as liquid or powder, It can be applied to the coating as a coating pattern as calculated.

The present invention can be applied to the method of obtaining a pattern such as a circle or donut shape by blowing and colliding with a compressed gas from a compressed fluid ejection hole that circulates toward the outflow of a liquid or a melt according to Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 04-004060. For example, when four heads or devices are installed and the outflow of liquid or the like is started at the same time, if the angle of the miracle circle of the circulating compressed gas ejection hole is 0 to 360 degrees, the first head is 0 degrees, The first head can be 90 degrees, the third head can be 180 degrees, and the fourth head can be 270 degrees. Then, even if the pitch of the plurality of heads is made narrower than the pattern width, traversing with the head pitch of, for example, 50 mm and the donut pattern of 1 meter without interfering with each jet flow is orthogonal to the head moving direction. Thus, a dense distribution pattern can be formed even on a wide web that moves. And it can be produced four times faster than one head. 10 heads will be 10 times. In addition, the device can be made compact with almost no difference from one head. The swirl spray pattern introduced in this patent document forms a small-diameter circular or donut pattern with a swirling flow of gas. However, the method of this document can be swirled mechanically, so it is more accurate when a small-diameter pattern is desired. Can be applied as a method of pursuing In addition, the swirl spray pattern changes depending on the amount of flow and the viscosity. Therefore, it is difficult to adjust the swirl spray pattern to obtain a desired pattern. However, in this method, a pattern as calculated can be obtained. Of course, the number and pitch of the heads can be freely set according to the purpose, and it can be applied not only to liquids such as paints and adhesives and heated melts, but also to powdery paints and adhesives and electrostatically using electric fields. When charged, a wide and uniform circular pattern can be obtained. It is also suitable for mass granulation of pharmaceuticals. The scale and cost can be remarkably reduced by using a conventional rotary atomizing type apparatus using a large number of heads.

Not only deflecting the outflow with compressed gas as described above, but also setting the fluid ejection head itself to the rotating body at the desired angle outward and rotating the central axis, the desired donuts with small or large diameter A circle pattern can be drawn. Even in such a case, it is possible to change the ejection timing of each head attached to one or a plurality of rotating bodies so as not to interfere with the ejection flow. When attaching a plurality of heads to one rotating body, the object and the rotating body may be moved relative to each other. The erupting flow can continuously draw a circle or donut pattern, or it can intermittently erupt to draw a circle or donut pattern. The ejection may be performed by atomizing a liquid or a melt by an airless spray or a two-fluid spray, or may be ejected in a bead shape while maintaining the shape of the ejection hole. When the hydraulic pressure is 3.5 MPa or more and a hot melt adhesive or adhesive having a relatively low viscosity is discharged at a high speed into the air several meters ahead from a nozzle with a diameter of 0.25 to 0.5 millimeters, like a melt blown Appropriate fiber clumps can be produced without using hot compressed gas. This method can be applied not only to liquids but also to powder and gas jets. In order to rotate the fluid ejection head arranged outward from the center of the shaft, a commercially available one-fluid or multi-fluid rotary joint may be used. The fluid is not limited, such as a liquid, a melt, or a mixture of powder and gas.

Also, the method disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 03-238061 can be made compact by preparing a plurality of devices or heads and preventing the jet flow from interfering with the same concept as described above. The same purpose as above can be achieved, but in this method, if the spray angle is reduced and the distance to the object is shortened, impact can be given, so it can be used for washing and application to uneven objects. Especially useful.

In the present invention, even if the pitch between the plurality of heads is narrower than the pattern width, the ejection timing pulses of the adjacent ejection heads of the plurality of heads are shifted in phase so that the ejection flow does not interfere in the air. Can be made. Even if the pattern width when reaching the target is 250 mm, for example, even if the distance between adjacent heads is 25 mm, there is no interference, so that the apparatus can be made compact and dense coating can be performed, so the cost can be reduced. Will also improve productivity. Naturally, it can also be applied to rotational atomization coating of bells and discs. The bell and disk are electrostatically charged and applied, but in the present invention, the spraying of the paint to the atomizing head such as the bell and disk is performed with pulses, so if the timing is shifted, adjacent patterns can be prevented from interfering in the air. . In addition, the particle diameter changes when the flow rate per unit time of paint or the like changes with the rotation speed of a bell or the like being constant, but in the present invention, the flow rate per unit time can be kept constant and the flow rate can be controlled with pulses, so it is always constant. Of fine particles are easy to manage. In addition, when a conductive material such as a water-based paint is electrostatically coated with a bell or the like, since the ejection is performed in a pulse manner, static electricity is insulated and it is difficult to flow to the ground, which is effective in terms of charging efficiency. Therefore, it is not necessary to insulate a large paint container or pipe, so that it is safe and the equipment cost can be greatly reduced.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is effective for a uniform ejection pattern particularly in a head having a large number of fine ejection holes such as a liquid in a head having a wide width, for example, 100 to 2000 mm, such as a head of a melt blown manufacturing apparatus or a liquid ejection head using the mechanism. Is. A method for producing nonwoven fabrics with meltblown is introduced in, for example, US Pat. No. 3,825,380A. Discharge molten resin from 20 to 30 nozzles of 0.008 to 0.0022 inches per inch, blow hot air from the air slots on both sides, put it on the speed and stretch the resin to make it fiber and further stretch it An example of manufacturing a non-woven fabric is described. In the present invention, the compressed gas is not ejected from the air slot (AIR SLOT) system but can be ejected independently from the periphery of the hole of the molten resin or liquid. In the present invention, the structure of the head is not limited. However, in order to improve accuracy, the holes of the liquid and the jet of the compressed gas are processed by etching a plurality of metal thin plates into a comb shape, for example, and combining them. The head can be manufactured at a low cost with high accuracy by forming a square outflow hole such as the above and an independent square compressed gas jet port. A plurality of thin plates of the processed head can be decomposed or welded to form a three-dimensional structure. At least two systems of pairs of opening / closing mechanisms upstream of many fine outflow holes such as liquids and compressed gas opening / closing mechanisms that are made into fibers or particles, and their downstream ejection holes are adjacent to each other. What is necessary is just to shift the phase. When the compressed gas is ejected, the pattern expands from the diameter of the ejection hole downstream. Therefore, if the number is 5 to 10 per inch so as not to interfere with each other, a relatively low viscosity hot melt adhesive or It is effective for the production of adhesive webs in which the pressure-sensitive adhesive has been shortened and the application of liquid fine particles. When the liquid contains a solvent, it is important to prevent the liquid outflow holes from becoming clogged by drying the solids of the fluid by causing solvent fine particles, solvent vapor, or the like to exist in the compressed gas circuit. Regarding the ejection of other fluids such as powder, a plurality of ejector pumps and opening / closing mechanisms upstream of a large number of adjacent ejection ports may be provided.

The conditions such as fluid, jet flow, and pulse are not particularly limited. For example, spraying is carried out in pulses in millisecond units, and the distance from the spray head to the object to be coated is 5 to 80 mm. If the spray particles are given a certain speed within a degree, preferably within 10 degrees, and more preferably within 6 degrees, a liquid or the like can be reliably attached to a target location even in a two-fluid spray. If the spray angle is set to 10 degrees or less, the coating efficiency can be increased to 95% or more which overturns the common sense of spraying when the entire surface is applied to A4 size. Therefore, when the method of the present invention is adopted using a plurality of heads, productivity as well as coating quality can be improved. Of course, the above method is also effective for cleaning, and even when the airless spray method is adopted, the spray angle is within 45 degrees, preferably within 30 degrees, and the distance to the object to be cleaned is within 150 millimeters. It is effective to use a plurality of spray heads with 5 to 15 MPa.

As described above, the fluid to be ejected is a gas containing raw material gas, a powder or granular fiber mixed with gas, transferred, paint, liquid adhesive, cleaning agent, organic solvent, water, liquid such as oil, hot A melt such as a melt adhesive or a molten resin, a liquefied gas, a supercritical fluid obtained by bringing a liquefied carbon dioxide gas into a supercritical state, a mixture thereof, and the like are included.

In the present invention, the particles and fibers are repelled and aggregated by electrostatically charging gas, liquid particles, melt particles, fibers produced by the melt blown method, electrospinning, or the like upstream or downstream of the jet flow. It can be easily attached to the object to be coated. It does not ask the shape, material, size, etc. of the object, but it is used for single-wafer types such as semiconductor substrates, LED ceramic substrates, wafer level LEDs, glass, single-wafer films, paper, or rolls to rolls. A thin sheet metal, a sheet glass, a film, paper, a web such as carbon fiber, or a composite thereof can be selected. When the fluid is ejected, the single-wafer object to be coated may be placed on a tray, and a long web or the like may be adsorbed on the opposite side of the jet flow by a heating adsorption drum or the like.

In addition, an ultrasonic vibrator or a horn can be added to a jet outlet or a structure such as an ultrasonic spray, an airless spray, or a two-fluid spray so that the fluid is easily formed into particles.

The main object of the present invention is to prevent a plurality of jets from interfering with each other in the air, but in order to make the distribution of the jets uniform after colliding with or contacting a target object and liquid or the like adheres. A plurality of jets can be arranged so that the desired pattern of the jet flow of the desired wraps on the object. It is important to shift the timing in a pulse manner so that adjacent jets do not interfere with each other until they collide or adhere to the object. In addition, a plurality of heads are arranged in the moving direction of the object, with one head having a plurality of outlets whose respective jet patterns do not interfere on the object as one jet stream group, or the jet stream group and the object Can be wrapped so that the pattern ejected to the object in a pulse manner in the ejection group of the first head and the pattern of each of the second head or the third head have a desired shape. . Similarly to the above head, a group arranged so that the jet flow of a plurality of jet nozzles in one row does not interfere on the object is regarded as one jet flow group and arranged in multiple rows on the target in the same manner as above. A liquid or the like can be attached with a uniform distribution.
The above two methods can wrap the pattern of the jet flow on the target at the jet outlet for each head or row by reciprocating, for example, 1 to 30 mm perpendicular to or substantially perpendicular to the moving direction of the target. A pattern having a small diameter of 2 to 40 millimeters or an ellipse with a narrow angle can be used as the pattern width when adhering to such a short traverse. Although the pattern width is not limited, 10 mm or less is preferable, and the smaller the pattern width, the higher the adhesion efficiency of the fluid. As the number of one head or the plurality of jet nozzles in one row or substantially one row is larger, the productivity may be improved. From the cost-effectiveness, 5 to 10 are suitable for a small device for an LED having a small object, and 10 to 100 or more are suitable for injecting a liquid or a melt onto a web or the like.

Further, in the present invention, it can be applied to CVD such as MOCVD, and the target gas or spray pyrolysis method solution is jetted from a plurality of jets in a pulsed manner to overcome the rising air current of the target and collide with or come into contact. A uniform film can be formed. When the raw material is a liquid, it may be vaporized by using a bubbling method or the like and transferred directly or together with another carrier gas. For example, when an FTO film is formed on a glass plate heated to 400 to 600 ° C., for example, spraying with a pattern width of 100 millimeters is pushed back to the rising air current, which is not a good idea.

As described above, according to the present invention, fluids from a plurality of jet nozzles can be uniformly distributed over a wide range at a low cost. Therefore, not only the production of high-quality powder particles and fibers, but also film formation including coating on an object can be performed with high productivity with a compact apparatus.

It is a pattern arrangement | sequence figure of the substantially 1 line which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a timing chart concerning an embodiment of the invention. It is a timing chart of 2 fluid spray concerning an embodiment of the invention. FIG. 3 is an arrangement diagram of two rows according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is an arrangement diagram of three rows according to the embodiment of the present invention. It is a layout diagram on a circle related to carrying of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments are merely examples for facilitating understanding of the invention, and exclude additions, substitutions, modifications, etc. that can be implemented by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical idea of the present invention. is not.

The drawings schematically show a preferred embodiment of the invention.

In FIG. 1, the heads are arranged so that the continuous jet flow of the fluid from the jet heads 1, 2 and 3 having a fluid opening / closing function interferes downstream. As for the ejection timing, 1 and 3 can be ejected at the same timing. For example, when the cycle of the timing is 100 milliseconds / cycle, the ejection heads 1 and 3 are ejected during 100 milliseconds of the first cycle. For example, the ejection is started after 45 milliseconds, and the ejection is stopped after 55 milliseconds. Reference numerals 4 and 5 are pulsating jets of the heads 1 and 3 and move while spreading. The ejection head 2 adjacent to 1 and 3 starts ejection after 45 milliseconds in the same manner in the second cycle later than that, and stops after 55 milliseconds. Reference numeral 6 denotes a pulsating jet of the head 2 which flies one cycle behind. Similarly, 7 and 8 are jet flows of the heads 1 and 3 in the third cycle, and similarly, they are further delayed by one cycle. By doing so, each jet will fly without any interference. Since the heads 1 and 3 may have the same ejection timing, the downstream of one head having a fluid opening / closing mechanism may be branched to form two ejection ports. Then, the downstream of the two opening / closing mechanisms of the fluid is branched to provide a large number of outlets, and the plurality of outlets downstream of the two opening / closing mechanisms are arranged so as to be adjacent to each other. Install so as to interfere in the air or on the object. Then, if one of the adjacent jet outlets is delayed by one cycle and ejected in a pulse manner in the same manner as the timing of FIG. 1, there is no interference. The present invention can be applied to the MEA production of PEFC type fuel cell vehicles that are attracting attention as a means of overcoming environmental problems. When the fluid is electrode ink for a fuel cell and is directly applied to an electrolyte membrane of an object in a pulse width of 200 mm, 56 jet nozzles having a jet pattern of 10 mm with an adjacent jet nozzle pitch of 7.5 mm When an applicator with a pole is manufactured for both poles, an ideal MEA (membrane electrode assembly) for a fuel cell vehicle for 6000 to 15000 units can be produced annually. The production volume is proportional to the number of applicators, but the device can be very compact.

FIG. 2 is a timing chart of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a timing chart for one cycle when the fluid is a liquid or a melt and particles or fibers are formed with compressed gas. When the ejection is performed in a pulsed manner, it is necessary to eject the compressed gas before and after the discharge or outflow of liquid or the like. It is necessary to eject the compressed gas 5 to 10 milliseconds longer in the front-rear direction with respect to the liquid discharge timing.
Of course, it may be longer if it is within the cycle, but it is not good to increase consumption from the standpoint of resource saving.

FIG. 4 is a diagram in which ejection heads and ejection flow patterns are arranged in two rows. The heads 11 to 14 are arranged in the front row, and the heads 15 to 18 are arranged in the rear row. When the heads 11 and 13 and the heads 15 and 17 eject the fluid in the first cycle, the heads 12 and 14 and 16 and 18 do not eject but eject at the desired timing of the second cycle. Reference numerals 21 to 28 denote ejection flow patterns. From the viewpoint of initial cost, the heads 11, 13, 15 and 17 may have one opening / closing mechanism, for example, a dispensing open / close automatic valve excellent in high-speed response and an automatic opening / closing spray gun downstream, and each may serve as a jet outlet. The heads 12, 14, 16, and 18 may also be branched downstream of another one opening / closing mechanism to serve as ejection ports.

FIG. 5 is a diagram of three rows with densely arranged heads. In the first cycle, every other head 31, 33, 39, 41 only in the front and rear rows is ejected, in the second cycle every other head 36, 38 in the middle row is ejected, In the third cycle, the fluid is ejected from the heads 32, 34, 40, and 42 that have not been ejected in the front and rear rows. Even if each of the jet patterns, for example 131, 136, 139, does not interfere with each other, when the liquid or the like is granulated with compressed gas, the compressed gas spreads outside the particle jet pattern and the compressed gases interfere with each other. It is necessary to confirm in advance because there is a possibility of disturbing the particle jet pattern.

FIG. 6 shows an example in which fluid is ejected onto a circle (CIRCULAR), and the heads 31, 33, 35, 37, 39 eject in the first cycle to obtain ejection patterns 41, 43, 45, 47, 49. Can do. A donut pattern can be obtained by ejecting from the heads 32, 34, 36, 38, 40 in the second cycle. A denser donut pattern can be obtained by increasing the number of heads.

As in FIG. 6, a full cone pattern can be formed in the same procedure by arranging many heads or jet nozzles inside the circular shape. This method is particularly effective for disk-shaped film formation such as a silicon wafer.

Moreover, the coating method of the present invention can be applied to the production of products with high added value as described above. For example, it can be applied to the formation of fuel cell electrodes such as PEFC. The fluid can be a fuel cell electrode catalyst ink, and the object to be coated can be a GDL (gas diffusion layer) or an electrolyte membrane. When electrode ink is directly applied to the electrolyte membrane, it is ideal because the adhesion between the electrode and the electrolyte membrane is good and the electrical interface resistance can be lowered. Die-type slot nozzles known for high-speed productivity are wide and can be applied intermittently, so they are perfect for GDL from the aspect of productivity, but apply directly to a thin electrolyte membrane of 25 micrometers or less without a backsheet. The slot nozzle method was difficult to form micropores, mesopores, macropores, etc. in the catalyst layer from the viewpoint of performance. Therefore, a pulse-type spray coating method having a long track record in MEA such as FCV has been desired for forming ideal macropores. In particular, when the electrode catalyst is a pulse spray applied to an electrolyte membrane that is instantly deformed by moisture with a slurry (SLURY) composed of a catalyst, an electrolyte solution, and a solvent, one or more spray heads are attached while the electrolyte membrane is heated and adsorbed. Since it was necessary to traverse and apply a thin film, the productivity was extremely low and it was not suitable for the roll-to-roll method. However, according to the method of the present invention, the electrode can be formed without masking by setting the spray pattern diameter to 5 mm or less. Further, by arranging them in a plurality of rows, a much higher productivity can be obtained with a compact and low total cost apparatus.

According to the present invention, a compact and low-cost apparatus can be achieved regardless of the type of fluid, so that productivity in all fields such as granulation, fiberization, cleaning, and film formation can be increased. It can also be applied to high value-added applications.

1, 2, 3 Ejection heads 4, 5 First cycle ejection flow 6 Second cycle ejection flow 7, 8 Third cycle ejection flow 11, 12, 13, 14 Front row head
15, 16, 17, 18 Rear row heads 21, 21, 25, 27 First cycle jets 22, 24, 26, 28 Second cycle jets 31, 32, 33, 34 Front row heads 35, 36, 37, 38 Row heads 39, 40, 41, 42 Rear row heads 131, 133, 136, 138, 139, 141 First cycle jets 132, 134, 135, 137, 140, 142 Second jets 61, 62, 63-69, 70 yen head
161, 163, 165, 167, 169 First cycle jet flow 162, 164, 166, 168, 170 Second cycle jet flow

Claims (15)

1. A method of ejecting fluid from a plurality of ejection ports, wherein the fluid is ejected at different timings so that ejection flow from adjacent ejection ports does not interfere downstream.
2. 2. The fluid ejection method according to claim 1, wherein the ejection is performed in a pulsed manner at different timings so that the ejection flows from adjacent ejection ports do not interfere with each other.
3. 2. The fluid ejection method according to claim 1, wherein the fluid is a single flow of liquid, melt, powder, gas, supercritical fluid, or a mixture selected from at least two of them.
4. The fluid ejection method according to claim 1, wherein the fluid is electrostatically charged.
5. 2. The fluid ejection method according to claim 1, wherein ultrasonic waves are added to the fluid at least in the vicinity of the ejection port.
6. 2. The fluid ejection method according to claim 1, wherein the ejected fluid is particles or fibers.
7. 3. The fluid ejection method according to claim 2, wherein the number of pulses is 1 to 1000 times per second.
8. Select a first step of installing a plurality of jets downstream of the automatic opening / closing mechanism, a second step of installing a plurality of automatic opening / closing mechanisms, and at least two of the plurality of automatic opening / closing mechanisms. The fluid ejection method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a third step in which the downstream ejection ports are alternately installed so as to be adjacent to each other.
9. A method of ejecting fluid from a plurality of jets toward an object, the first step of arranging the plurality of jets so that a jet pattern from adjacent jets on the target wraps; When one of the matching spouts ejects, the second step in which the spouts are ejected at different timings so that they do not spout from the other spout, and the ejected fluid collides with or comes into contact with the object. A fluid film forming method comprising three steps.
10. The plurality of jet nozzles are arranged in one row or substantially one row or a plurality of rows as a group, the plurality of jet nozzles and the target object move relative to each other, and the jetted fluid collides with or contacts the target object. A method of forming a fluid film.
11. The fluid deposition method according to claim 9, wherein the plurality of jet nozzles are arranged on a circle, a substantially circle, or a circle or a circle.
12. A pattern on the object of a pulsed jet flow of fluid from a jet group consisting of a plurality of jet nozzles arranged in one or substantially one row, or from a jet group consisting of a plurality of jet nozzles arranged in one head A first step of adhering the fluid to the object so as not to wrap, a second step of relative movement of the object and the one row or substantially one row of outlet groups or one head outlet group; The above-mentioned one row or substantially one row of jet nozzle groups or one head jet nozzle group reciprocates 1 to 30 millimeters perpendicularly or substantially perpendicularly to the object, and ejects fluid in a pulse manner, and the pattern to which the fluid adheres A fluid film forming method comprising a third step of lapping.
13. A pattern on the object of a pulsed jet flow of fluid from a jet group consisting of a plurality of jet nozzles arranged in one or substantially one row, or from a jet group consisting of a plurality of jet nozzles arranged in one head A second step of arranging a plurality of rows of the one row or substantially one row of outlet groups or the head outlet groups orthogonal to or substantially perpendicular to the moving direction of the object; A third step in which the object and the jet group move relative to each other; and a pattern in which at least a second row of ejection pulsed jet flows is overlapped with a pattern in which fluid is already attached to the first row on the object. A fluid film-forming method comprising four steps.
14. The fluid is a liquid, a melt, a granular material, a gas, a supercritical fluid, or a mixture of at least two selected from them, and a jetted fluid is formed on the object. The fluid film forming method according to claim 9.
15. The target object is a heated base material, and the fluid is a raw material gas or a spray pyrolysis method solution, and the fluid jet is performed in a pulsed manner so as to overcome the ascending current on the target object. The fluid film-forming method according to claim 9.

Images