WO2016143432A1 - 乾留炭冷却装置および石炭改質プラントならびに乾留炭冷却方法 - Google Patents
乾留炭冷却装置および石炭改質プラントならびに乾留炭冷却方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016143432A1 WO2016143432A1 PCT/JP2016/053488 JP2016053488W WO2016143432A1 WO 2016143432 A1 WO2016143432 A1 WO 2016143432A1 JP 2016053488 W JP2016053488 W JP 2016053488W WO 2016143432 A1 WO2016143432 A1 WO 2016143432A1
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- coal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B39/00—Cooling or quenching coke
- C10B39/04—Wet quenching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B39/00—Cooling or quenching coke
- C10B39/10—Cooling or quenching coke combined with agitating means, e.g. rotating tables or drums
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/04—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of powdered coal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/04—Raw material of mineral origin to be used; Pretreatment thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
- C10B57/10—Drying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
- C10L5/06—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting
- C10L5/10—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a dry distillation coal cooling device, a coal reforming plant, and a dry distillation coal cooling method for cooling after carbonization of coal.
- Low-grade coals such as sub-bituminous coal and lignite have low calorific value per unit weight because they are not carbonized and have a high moisture content compared to high-grade coal.
- low grade coal is abundant in reserves, so its effective use is desired.
- various coal reforming technologies have been studied that increase the calorific value by dry distillation after drying low-grade coal and inactivate the reformed coal to prevent spontaneous ignition during transportation and storage. (For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2014-31462).
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. 2014-31462 discloses that cooling of dry-distilled coal after dry distillation of coal is performed by cooling the cooling water from about 50 ° C. to 60 ° C.
- cooling water is showered on the dry distillation coal and cooled to below the condensation temperature of water, condensed water (drain water) is generated, and the dry distillation coal is exposed to the condensed water.
- drain water condensed water
- the moisture content of the dry-distilled coal is likely to generate heat due to a hydration reaction during storage and may ignite, it is preferably adjusted in advance to a moisture content that is in equilibrium with the storage environment.
- the carbonized carbon after carbonization is 300 ° C or more and 500 ° C or less, and pyrolyzes to generate volatile components such as tar. Therefore, it is desirable to cool it quickly with a cooling device.
- This invention is made
- the dry distillation coal cooling apparatus, the coal reforming plant, and the dry distillation coal cooling method of the present invention employ the following means. That is, in the carbonized coal cooling device according to one aspect of the present invention, water is sprinkled by the first watering unit that sprays water on the carbonized coal at 300 ° C. or higher after carbonizing the coal, and the first watering unit. And a first cooling pipe that performs indirect cooling to 100 ° C. or higher with a first cooling medium flowing inside the dry-distilled coal.
- the above-mentioned carbonized coal cooling device sprays water from the first water sprinkling part to the carbonized coal at 300 ° C. or higher after carbonization.
- dry-distilled coal is cooled rapidly to the temperature below 300 degreeC, and generation
- indirect cooling is performed by the 1st cooling pipe, and dry-distilled coal is cooled to the temperature of 100 degreeC or more (for example, about 150 degreeC).
- the generation of volatile components such as tar was quickly suppressed and the dry-distilled coal was exposed to condensed water. Can be avoided. This makes it possible to adjust the desired moisture content.
- the inlet temperature when the first cooling medium is introduced into the first cooling pipe is 50 ° C. or higher and lower than 100 ° C.
- the inlet temperature of the first cooling medium to 50 ° C. or higher and lower than 100 ° C. (for example, about 60 ° C.), which is higher than normal temperature, it is possible to avoid cracking of the first cooling pipe.
- the first cooling medium is boiler feed water.
- boiler feed water Since the boiler feed water is deaerated, corrosion can be avoided even if it is used as a cooling medium for cooling pipes exposed to high temperatures. Also, boiler feed water is convenient for use as a cooling medium because it can be easily obtained in the plant for coal dry distillation.
- the carbonized coal cooling device further includes a first rotating vessel that receives the carbonized coal and rotates around an axis, and the first watering unit and the first cooling pipe are disposed in the first rotating vessel. Is installed.
- the device configuration can be simplified and the equipment cost can be reduced.
- the carbonized coal cooling device includes a second water sprinkling unit that sprays water so as to obtain a desired moisture content with respect to the carbonized coal cooled by the first cooling pipe, and the first cooling. It further includes a second cooling pipe that performs indirect cooling with respect to the dry-distilled coal cooled by the pipe so as to obtain a desired temperature of less than 100 ° C. by the second cooling medium flowing inside.
- the carbonized coal cooling device further includes a second rotating vessel that receives the carbonized coal and rotates around an axis, and the second water spray unit and the second cooling pipe are disposed in the second rotating vessel. Is installed.
- the coal reforming plant according to one embodiment of the present invention further includes a carbonization device for carbonizing the coal and the carbonization coal cooling device for cooling the carbonized carbon that has been carbonized by the carbonization device.
- the carbonized carbon cooling method includes a first watering step of spraying water on a carbonized coal of 300 ° C. or higher after carbonized carbonization, and carbonized carbon after water is sprinkled by a watering unit.
- a watering unit On the other hand, it has the 1st cooling process which performs indirect cooling to 100 degreeC or more with the 1st cooling medium which flows through the inside of a cooling pipe.
- water is sprayed on the carbonized coal at 300 ° C. or higher after carbonization.
- the carbonized carbon is immediately cooled to a temperature below 300 ° C., and the generation of tar and the like is suppressed.
- indirect cooling is performed by the 1st cooling process, and dry-distilled coal is cooled to the temperature of 100 degreeC or more (for example, about 150 degreeC).
- the generation of volatile components such as tar was quickly suppressed and the dry-distilled coal was exposed to condensed water. Can be avoided, and a desired moisture content can be adjusted.
- the carbonized carbon can be quickly cooled and adjusted to the desired moisture content.
- FIG. 1 It is a schematic structure figure showing the whole coal reforming plant composition provided with the dry distillation coal cooling device concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is the block diagram which showed specifically the dry distillation coal cooling apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 1 shows a coal reforming plant including a dry distillation coal cooling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the coal reforming plant includes a drying device (dryer) 1 that heats and dries coal, a dry distillation device (pyrolizer) 3 that heats and dry-drys the dry coal dried in the drying device 1, and a dry distillation device 3.
- 7 and a molding device 9 for molding the reformed coal deactivated by the deactivation device 7 into a predetermined shape.
- a coal hopper 12 that receives the unmodified coal 10 is provided on the upstream side of the drying apparatus 1.
- the coal before reforming is low-grade coal such as subbituminous coal or lignite, and the moisture content is 25 wt% or more and 60 wt% or less.
- Coal introduced from the coal hopper 12 is pulverized to, for example, about 20 mm or less by a pulverizer 14.
- the drying device 1 is an indirect heating type using steam, and includes a cylindrical container 16 that rotates about a central axis and a plurality of heat transfer tubes 18 that are inserted into the cylindrical container 16. Coal guided from the pulverizer 14 is supplied into the cylindrical container 16, and the coal supplied into the cylindrical container 16 is agitated in accordance with the rotation of the cylindrical container 16 (see FIG. 1 to the other end side.
- steam of 150 ° C. or more and 200 ° C. or less (more specifically 180 ° C.) generated by a steam generation system 20 is supplied and contacts the outer periphery of each heat transfer tube 18.
- the coal to be heated is indirectly heated.
- the steam supplied into each heat transfer pipe 18 is condensed after giving condensation heat when heating the coal, is discharged from the drying device 1, and is returned to the steam generation system 20.
- the carrier gas is supplied into the cylindrical container 16 through the carrier gas circulation path 22.
- the carrier gas an inert gas is used, and specifically, nitrogen gas is used.
- Nitrogen gas is additionally supplied from a nitrogen supply path 24 connected to the carrier gas circulation path 22.
- the carrier gas discharge path connected to the cylindrical container 16 is accompanied by desorbed components (water vapor, pulverized coal, mercury, mercury-based substances, etc.) desorbed from the coal. It is discharged to the outside of the cylindrical container 16 through 26.
- a cyclone (dust collector) 28 In the carrier gas discharge path 26, a cyclone (dust collector) 28, a carrier gas cooler 30, and a scrubber 32 are provided in order from the upstream side in the flow direction of the carrier gas.
- the cyclone 28 mainly removes pulverized coal (for example, a particle size of 100 ⁇ m or less), which is a solid, from the carrier gas using centrifugal force.
- the pulverized coal removed by the cyclone 28 is guided to the upstream side of the bag filter 34 as indicated by reference numeral A.
- the pulverized coal separated by the cyclone 28 may be mixed with the dried coal dried by the drying device 1.
- the carrier gas cooler 30 condenses and removes water vapor introduced together with the carrier gas as drain water by cooling the carrier gas from which the pulverized coal has been removed.
- the carrier gas cooler 30 is an indirect heat exchanger, and industrial water at room temperature is used as a cooling medium. In addition, you may use the reclaimed water isolate
- the drain water generated by the carrier gas cooler 30 is guided to the liquid phase part below the scrubber 32.
- the scrubber 32 removes mercury and / or mercury-based substances (hereinafter simply referred to as “mercury etc.”) from the carrier gas from which pulverized coal and water vapor have been removed.
- Water is used as the absorbent used for the scrubber 32, and specifically, reclaimed water separated by the wastewater treatment facility 40 is used.
- Mercury in the carrier gas is adsorbed by the water sprayed from above the scrubber 32 and guided to the liquid phase part below the scrubber 32.
- the scrubber 32 also removes pulverized coal that could not be removed by the cyclone 28.
- An upstream end of the carrier gas circulation path 22 is connected above the scrubber 32, and a blower 36 is provided in the middle of the carrier gas circulation path 22.
- the carrier gas that has been processed by the scrubber 32 by the blower 36 is returned to the drying apparatus 1.
- a part of the carrier gas after being processed by the scrubber 32 is guided to the combustion furnace 42.
- a drainage treatment facility 40 is connected below the scrubber 32 via a drainage path 38.
- the wastewater treatment facility 40 throws a chelating agent into the wastewater to agglomerate and enlarge mercury and the like, and separates sludge 39, which is a solid content of pulverized coal and mercury, and reclaimed water by a sedimentation tank (not shown). Is. Reclaimed water is reused at various parts of the plant.
- the coal (dry coal) dried by the drying device 1 passes through the dry coal supply path 44 and is guided to the dry distillation device 3 using the weight.
- the dry distillation apparatus 3 is an externally heated rotary kiln, and includes a rotating inner cylinder 46 and an outer cylinder 48 that covers the outer peripheral side of the rotating inner cylinder 46. Nitrogen gas as a carrier gas is supplied into the rotating inner cylinder 46.
- the combustion gas generated in the combustion furnace 42 is guided to the space between the rotating inner cylinder 46 and the outer cylinder 48 via the combustion gas introduction path 50. Thereby, the inside of the rotating inner cylinder 46 is maintained at 350 ° C. or higher and 450 ° C. or lower (for example, 400 ° C.).
- the combustion furnace 42 is generated in the dry distillation apparatus 3, an air supply path 54 that leads combustion air pumped by the blower 52 into the furnace, a natural gas supply path 55 that guides natural gas as fuel into the furnace, and the like.
- a dry distillation gas recovery path 56 is connected to recover the dry distillation gas together with the carrier gas and guide it into the furnace.
- a flame 51 is formed by natural gas, dry distillation gas, and air supplied into the furnace. Since the dry distillation gas contains volatile components such as tar and has a predetermined calorific value, it is used as fuel in the combustion furnace 42.
- the natural gas supplied from the natural gas supply path 55 is used to adjust the calorific value of the fuel input to the combustion furnace 42 so that the temperature of the combustion gas generated in the combustion furnace 42 becomes a desired value. The flow rate is adjusted.
- a dry distillation gas discharge path 58 used in an emergency is connected to the middle of the dry distillation gas recovery path 56.
- a flare stack 60 is installed on the downstream side of the dry distillation gas discharge path 58.
- the flare stack 60 incinerates combustible components such as tar in the dry distillation gas, and the incinerated gas is released to the atmosphere.
- a combustion gas discharge path 62 for discharging the combustion gas generated in the furnace is connected to the combustion furnace 42.
- An upstream end of the combustion gas introduction path 50 that guides the combustion gas to the dry distillation apparatus 3 is connected to a middle position of the combustion gas discharge path 62.
- a first intermediate pressure boiler 64 is provided in the combustion gas discharge path 62 on the downstream side of the connection position with the combustion gas introduction path 50.
- a heated gas discharge path 66 for discharging the combustion gas after the rotating inner cylinder 46 is heated.
- a second intermediate pressure boiler 68 is provided in the post-heating gas discharge path 66.
- the post-heating gas discharge path 66 is connected to the combustion gas discharge path 62 on the downstream side.
- a blower 70 that pumps combustion gas is provided in the combustion gas discharge path 62 on the downstream side of the connection position with the post-heating gas discharge path 66.
- the downstream side of the combustion gas discharge path 62 is connected to the bag filter 34. The combustion exhaust gas from which the combustion ash and the like are removed by the bag filter 34 is released to the atmosphere (ATM).
- the steam generation system 20 includes a first intermediate pressure boiler 64 and a second intermediate pressure boiler 68.
- the supplied boiler feed water (BFW) is heated by the combustion gas flowing in the gas discharge path 66 after heating, and steam is generated.
- the steam generated in the second intermediate pressure boiler 68 is guided, heated by the combustion exhaust gas flowing through the combustion gas discharge path 62, and further steam having a higher pressure is generated.
- the intermediate pressure steam generated by the first intermediate pressure boiler 64 and the intermediate pressure steam generated by the second intermediate pressure boiler 68 are respectively stored in a steam drum (not shown), and various parts of the plant such as the heat transfer pipe 18 of the drying apparatus 1. To be supplied.
- the dry-distilled coal carbonized in the dry-distilling device 3 is guided to the cooling device 5 using the gravity via the dry-distilled coal supply path 72.
- the cooling device 5 includes a first cooler 74 that receives dry-distilled coal from the dry distillation device 3 and a second cooler 76 that receives dry-distilled coal cooled by the first cooler 74.
- the first cooler 74 is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and includes a first cylindrical container (first rotating container) 78 that rotates around a central axis, and a first cylinder inserted into the first cylindrical container 78.
- a watering pipe (first watering part) 79 and a plurality of first cooling pipes 80 inserted into the first cylindrical container 78 are provided.
- the first water sprinkling pipe 79 is installed in a stationary state with respect to the rotating first cylindrical container 78.
- carbonized carbon of 300 ° C. or more and 500 ° C. or less (for example, about 400 ° C.) led from the carbonization apparatus 3 is supplied, and is supplied into the first cylindrical vessel 78.
- the carbonized carbon is guided from one end side (left side in FIG. 1) to the other end side while being stirred in accordance with the rotation of the first cylindrical container 78.
- the first water spray pipe 79 is supplied with industrial water having a normal temperature, and is sprayed with water on the dry-distilled coal to cool the water by directly contacting it.
- the first sprinkling pipe 79 is provided on the upstream side (left side in FIG. 1) of the dry distillation coal moving in the first cylindrical container 78.
- Each first cooling pipe 80 is supplied with boiler feed water at 50 ° C. or more and less than 100 ° C.
- Each first cooling pipe 80 is provided on the downstream side (the right side in FIG. 1) of the dry distillation coal moving in the first cylindrical vessel 78, and the condensation temperature of the dry distillation coal after being cooled by the first sprinkling pipe 79 is reduced.
- the cooling is to about 150 ° C. as described above.
- the second cooler 76 is configured as a shell and tube heat exchanger with substantially the same configuration as the first cooler 74, and a second cylindrical container (second rotating container) 81 that rotates around the central axis;
- a second watering pipe (second watering part) 82 inserted into the second cylindrical container 81 and a plurality of second cooling pipes 83 inserted into the second cylindrical container 81 are provided.
- the second water spray pipe 82 is installed in a stationary state with respect to the rotating second cylindrical container 81.
- dry-distilled coal cooled to about 150 ° C. by the first cooler 74 is supplied, and the dry-distilled coal supplied in the second cylindrical container 81 is second It is guided from one end side (left side in FIG.
- each second cooling pipe 83 industrial water having a normal temperature is guided, and the carbonized carbon that contacts the outer periphery of each second cooling pipe 83 is indirectly cooled.
- Each of the second cooling pipes 83 is adapted to cool the carbonized carbon to about 50 ° C. Note that reclaimed water separated by the wastewater treatment facility 40 may be used as the water supplied to each second cooling pipe 83.
- the dry-distilled coal cooled by the cooling device 5 is guided to the deactivation device 7 through the dry-distilled coal supply path 84 after cooling.
- the deactivation device 7 includes a first deactivator 86 that receives dry-distilled coal cooled by the cooling device 5 and a second deactivator 88 that receives dry-distilled coal from the first deactivator 86. I have.
- An oxidizing gas having an oxygen concentration of about 0.5 to 3.0% is guided from the first oxidizing gas supply path 90 into the first deactivator 86.
- oxygen specifically, air
- the oxidizing gas supplied into the first deactivator 86 inactivates the carbonized carbon by oxidizing the active points (radicals) generated by the carbonization in the first deactivator 86.
- the oxidizing gas discharged from the first deactivator 86 is guided to the first blower 92 through the first oxidizing gas outlet pipe 91 with pulverized coal.
- the oxidizing gas pumped by the first blower 92 is guided again to the first oxidizing gas supply path 90 and recirculated.
- the oxidizing gas guided to the oxidizing gas discharge pipe 93 without being guided to the first oxidizing gas supply path 90 is guided to the cyclone 94.
- the oxidizing gas guided to the cyclone 94 is guided to the bag filter 34 and released to the atmosphere (ATM) after solid components such as pulverized coal are separated by the cyclone 94. Solid content such as pulverized coal separated by the cyclone 94 is sent to the kneader 100.
- Carbonized coal is introduced from the upper part of the first deactivator 86 and is inactivated while in contact with the oxidizing gas while descending.
- the dry-distilled coal staying below the first deactivator 86 is taken out from below and guided to the top of the second deactivator 88.
- An oxidizing gas having an oxygen concentration of about 8.0 to 12.0% is guided from the second oxidizing gas supply path 95 into the second deactivator 88.
- oxygen specifically, air
- the oxidizing gas supplied into the second deactivator 88 further inactivates the carbonized charcoal deactivated by the first deactivator 86 in the second deactivator 88.
- the oxidizing gas discharged from the second deactivator 88 is guided to the second blower 97 through the second oxidizing gas outlet pipe 96 with pulverized coal.
- the oxidizing gas pumped by the second blower 97 is led again to the second oxidizing gas supply path 95 and recirculated.
- the oxidizing gas guided to the oxidizing gas discharge pipe 93 without being guided to the second oxidizing gas supply path 95 is guided to the cyclone 94 and separated from the solid matter such as pulverized coal, and then the bug. It is guided to the filter 34 and released to the atmosphere.
- the modified coal deactivated by the deactivation device 7 has a particle size of about 1 mm, and is guided to the kneader 100 through the modified coal supply path 98.
- the pulverized coal separated by the cyclone 94 is guided to the reformed coal supply path 98 via the pulverized coal recovery path 99.
- the kneader 100 is supplied with a binder guided from the binder supply unit 102, reformed coal containing pulverized coal, and water, and these are kneaded. Polyethylene oxide (polyethylene oxide), starch, etc. are used as the binder. The reformed coal kneaded by the kneader 100 is guided to the molding device 9.
- the forming apparatus 9 includes a female die in which a plurality of recesses having a shape corresponding to the product shape of the reformed coal is formed, and a male die that presses and compresses the reformed coal supplied in the recess.
- the reformed coal molded by the molding apparatus 9 becomes the modified coal 104 as a product.
- the modified coal 104 has a size of about several centimeters and a moisture content of 6 wt% or more and 9 wt% or less.
- the moisture content of the modified coal 104 is based on the dry weight when it is in equilibrium with the storage environment, and greatly depends on the relative humidity of the storage environment, but not so much on the temperature. For example, in PRB (Powder River Basin) charcoal, when the relative humidity is 90%, the moisture content is about 8 wt%.
- FIG. 2 specifically shows the configuration of the cooling device 5 shown in FIG.
- the same components as those shown in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the first cylindrical container 78 and the second cylindrical container 81 are inclined so that the respective rotation axes are downward on the other end side (the right side in the figure) with respect to the horizontal direction. Yes.
- the carbonized charcoal charged to one end side (left side in the figure) of each cylindrical vessel 78, 81 is sent to the other end side by the action of gravity while being stirred.
- the industrial water made into normal temperature from the 1st sprinkling pipe 79 is sprayed with respect to dry distillation coal.
- dry-distilled coal charged at 300 ° C. or higher and 500 ° C. or lower (for example, about 400 ° C.) is quickly cooled to below 300 ° C.
- production of volatile matters, such as a tar, from the dry distillation coal made into 300 degreeC or more is suppressed rapidly.
- the indirect cooling is performed by the first cooling pipe 80 to further cool the dry-distilled coal, and the cooling is performed to 100 ° C.
- boiler water (BFW) having an inlet temperature of 50 ° C. or higher and lower than 100 ° C. (for example, 60 ° C.) is used.
- the temperature of the boiler water after passing through the first cooling pipe 80 is, for example, about 80 ° C. when the inlet temperature is about 60 ° C.
- the dry-distilled coal cooled by the first cooler 74 is guided from the first shooter 106 to the lower feeder 108 using gravity.
- the dry-distilled coal set to 100 ° C. or higher and lower than 300 ° C. (for example, 150 ° C.) is guided into the second cylindrical container 81 by the feeder 108.
- the industrial water made into normal temperature from the 2nd sprinkling pipe 82 is sprayed with respect to dry distillation coal.
- the amount of water introduced from the second sprinkling pipe 82 is adjusted so as to have a desired moisture content with respect to dry-distilled coal having a moisture content of about 0%.
- the water content is set to a desired value when the water content is in equilibrium with the storage environment where the carbonized carbon is stored.
- indirect cooling is performed with respect to dry distillation coal so that it may become the desired temperature (for example, 50 degreeC) made into less than 100 degreeC.
- the desired temperature for example, 50 degreeC
- As the cooling medium for the second cooling pipe 83 industrial water at room temperature is used.
- the second cooling pipe 83 lowers the temperature of the carbonized carbon, and also removes the heat of hydration generated when the water supplied from the second water spray pipe 82 and the carbonized coal cause a hydration reaction.
- the water vapor generated in the second cylindrical container 81 is released to the outside of the second cylindrical container 81 by a carrier gas introduced from an introduction unit (not shown).
- the carbonized coal is cooled to about 50 ° C. in the second cooler 76, led from the second shooter 110 to the carbonized carbon supply path 84 after cooling, and the inactivation device 7 (FIG. 1) in the next process. See).
- the following operational effects are obtained. Since water was sprayed from the first sprinkling pipe 79 to the carbonized carbon that was set to 300 ° C. or higher after the carbonization, and the carbonized coal was rapidly cooled to a temperature below 300 ° C., volatile components such as tar Occurrence can be suppressed. Then, indirect cooling is performed by the first cooling pipe 80, and the dry-distilled coal is cooled to a temperature of 100 ° C. or higher (for example, about 150 ° C.).
- the crack of the 1st cooling pipe 80 can be avoided by making the inlet temperature of the boiler feed water which is a cooling medium into the temperature higher than normal temperature 50 degreeC or more and less than 100 degreeC (for example, about 60 degreeC). .
- boiler feed water is used as a cooling medium used for the first cooling pipe 80. Since the boiler feed water is deaerated, even if it is used as a cooling medium of the first cooling pipe 80 exposed to high temperature, corrosion can be avoided. Also, boiler feed water is convenient for use as a cooling medium because it can be easily obtained in the plant for coal dry distillation.
- the apparatus configuration can be simplified and the equipment cost can be reduced. it can.
- the second cooler 76 has a configuration in which carbonized carbon is put into the second cylindrical container 81 for processing, and a so-called rotary cooler method is adopted. Therefore, the device configuration can be simplified and the equipment cost can be reduced. Can be suppressed.
- the carbonized carbon was made to have a desired moisture content, and by performing indirect cooling by the second cooling pipe 83, the heat of hydration was removed and the temperature was made less than 100 ° C. It was decided to cool the dry-distilled coal so that the desired temperature (for example, 50 ° C.) was reached. In this way, the second cooler 76 can complete the adjustment of the moisture content by spraying water while removing the heat of hydration. In addition, since the water content can be set to a desired value in the second cooler 76, there is no need to spray water for adjusting the water content in a later step, and there is a risk of ignition by heat of hydration. It can be avoided.
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Abstract
Description
しかし、乾留炭に冷却水をシャワリングして水の凝縮温度以下まで冷却すると、凝縮水(ドレン水)が発生してしまい、乾留炭が凝縮水に曝されてしまう。これでは、乾留炭を所望の水分含有率に調整することが困難となってしまう。
乾留炭の水分含有率は、保存されている間に水和反応によって発熱して発火に到るおそれがあるので、保存環境に対して平衡となる水分含有率に予め調整されることが好ましい。
すなわち、本発明の一態様に係る乾留炭冷却装置は、石炭を乾留した後の300℃以上の乾留炭に対して水を散布する第1散水部と、該第1散水部によって水が散水された後の乾留炭に対して、内部を流れる第1冷却媒体によって100℃以上まで間接冷却を行う第1冷却管とを備えている。
図1には、本発明の一実施形態に係る乾留炭冷却装置を備えた石炭改質プラントが示されている。石炭改質プラントは、石炭を加熱させて乾燥させる乾燥装置(dryer)1と、乾燥装置1にて乾燥された乾燥炭を加熱して乾留する乾留装置(pyrolyzer)3と、乾留装置3にて乾留された乾留炭を冷却する乾留炭冷却装置(quencher;以下、単に「冷却装置」という。)5と、冷却装置5にて冷却された乾留炭を不活性化させる不活性化装置(finisher)7と、不活性化装置7によって不活性化された改質炭を所定形状に成形する成形装置(briquetter)9とを備えている。
スクラバ32の上方には、キャリアガス循環経路22の上流端が接続されており、キャリアガス循環経路22の途中位置にはブロワ36が設けられている。ブロワ36によってスクラバ32にて処理された後のキャリアガスが乾燥装置1へと戻される。また、図示されていないが、スクラバ32にて処理された後のキャリアガスの一部は、燃焼炉42へと導かれるようになっている。
回転内筒46と外筒48との間の空間には、燃焼炉42にて生成された燃焼ガスが燃焼ガス導入経路50を介して導かれるようになっている。これにより、回転内筒46内が350℃以上450℃以下(例えば400℃)に維持される。
燃焼ガス排出経路62の下流側は、バグフィルタ34に接続されている。バグフィルタ34にて燃焼灰等が除去された燃焼排ガスは、大気(ATM)へと放出される。
第1散水管79には、常温とされた工業用水が導かれ、乾留炭に対して水を散布することによって水を直接接触させて冷却する。第1散水管79は、第1円筒容器78内を移動する乾留炭の上流側(図1において左側)に設けられる。なお、第1散水管79に供給する水として、排水処理設備40にて分離された再生水を用いてもよい。
各第1冷却管80内には、50℃以上100℃未満(例えば約60℃)のボイラ給水が供給され、各第1冷却管80の外周に接触する乾留炭を間接的に冷却するようになっている。各第1冷却管80は、第1円筒容器78内を移動する乾留炭の下流側(図1において右側)に設けられ、第1散水管79によって冷却された後の乾留炭を水の凝縮温度以上である約150℃まで冷却するようになっている。
第2散水管82には、常温とされた工業用水が導かれ、乾留炭に対して水を散布することによって乾留炭の水分含有率を所望値(例えば8wt%)になるように調整する。第2散水管82は、第2円筒容器81の軸線方向の略全体にわたって設けられる。なお、第2散水管82に供給する水として、排水処理設備40にて分離された再生水を用いてもよい。
各第2冷却管83内には、常温とされた工業用水が導かれ、各第2冷却管83の外周に接触する乾留炭を間接的に冷却するようになっている。各第2冷却管83は、乾留炭を約50℃まで冷却するようになっている。なお、各第2冷却管83に供給する水として、排水処理設備40にて分離された再生水を用いてもよい。
不活性化装置7は、冷却装置5にて冷却された乾留炭を受け入れる第1不活性化器86と、第1不活性化器86からの乾留炭を受け入れる第2不活性化器88とを備えている。
第1不活性化器86内に供給された酸化用ガスは、第1不活性化器86内で、乾留によって生じた活性点(ラジカル)を酸化することで乾留炭を不活性化処理する。第1不活性化器86から排出された酸化用ガスは、微粉炭を伴いつつ第1酸化用ガス出口管91を通り第1ブロワ92へと導かれる。第1ブロワ92によって圧送された酸化用ガスは再び第1酸化用ガス供給経路90へと導かれ、再循環される。第1酸化用ガス供給経路90へと導かれずに、酸化用ガス排出管93へと導かれた酸化用ガスは、サイクロン94へと導かれる。サイクロン94へ導かれた酸化用ガスは、サイクロン94にて微粉炭等の固形分が分離された後に、バグフィルタ34へと導かれて大気(ATM)へと放出される。サイクロン94にて分離された微粉炭等の固形分は、混練機100へ送られる。
第2不活性化器88内に供給された酸化用ガスは、第2不活性化器88内で、第1不活性化器86にて不活性化した乾留炭を更に不活性化処理する。第2不活性化器88から排出された酸化用ガスは、微粉炭を伴いつつ第2酸化用ガス出口管96を通り第2ブロワ97へと導かれる。第2ブロワ97によって圧送された酸化用ガスは再び第2酸化用ガス供給経路95へと導かれ、再循環される。第2酸化用ガス供給経路95へと導かれずに、酸化用ガス排出管93へと導かれた酸化用ガスは、サイクロン94へと導かれて微粉炭等の固形分が分離された後に、バグフィルタ34へと導かれて大気へと放出される。
図2には、図1に示した冷却装置5の構成が具体的に示されている。図1に示した構成と同一の構成は同一符号が示してある。
同図に示されているように、第1円筒容器78及び第2円筒容器81は、それぞれの回転軸線が水平方向に対して他端側(図において右側)が下方となるように傾斜している。このように傾斜させることにより、各円筒容器78,81の一端側(図において左側)に投入された乾留炭は、攪拌されながら重力の作用によって他端側へと送られることになる。
なお、第1円筒容器78内で発生した水蒸気は、図示しない導入部から導かれたキャリアガスによって、第1円筒容器78外へと放出される。これにより、第1円筒容器78から排出される乾留炭の水分含有率は約0%となる。
第2冷却管83では、100℃未満とされた所望温度(例えば50℃)となるように乾留炭に対して間接冷却を行う。第2冷却管83の冷却媒体としては、常温とされた工業用水が用いられる。第2冷却管83は、乾留炭の温度を下げるとともに、第2散水管82から供給された水と乾留炭が水和反応を起こす際に発生する水和熱をも除去する。
なお、第2円筒容器81内で発生した水蒸気は、図示しない導入部から導かれたキャリアガスによって、第2円筒容器81外へと放出される。
このように、第2冷却器76内によって、乾留炭は約50℃まで冷却され、第2シュータ110から冷却後乾留炭供給経路84へと導かれ、次工程の不活性化装置7(図1参照)へと導かれる。
乾留後の300℃以上とされた乾留炭に対して第1散水管79から水を散布して、300℃を下回る温度まで乾留炭を速やかに冷却することとしたので、タール等の揮発分の発生を抑制することができる。そして、第1冷却管80によって間接冷却を行い100℃以上(例えば約150℃)の温度まで乾留炭を冷却することとした。このように、水の散布によって即座に冷却した後に間接冷却によって水の凝縮温度以上まで冷却することとしたので、タール等の揮発分の発生を速やかに抑制するとともに乾留炭が凝縮水に曝されることを回避できる。これにより、所望の水分含有率の調整が可能となる。
3 乾留装置
5 冷却装置
7 不活性化装置
9 成形装置
10 改質前の石炭
12 石炭ホッパ
14 粉砕機
16 円筒容器
18 伝熱管
20 蒸気生成システム
22 キャリアガス循環経路
28 サイクロン
30 キャリアガス冷却器
32 スクラバ
34 バグフィルタ
40 排水処理設備
42 燃焼炉
46 回転内筒
48 外筒
50 燃焼ガス導入経路
74 第1冷却器
76 第2冷却器
78 第1円筒容器
79 第1散水管
80 第1冷却管
81 第2円筒容器
82 第2散水管
83 第2冷却管
86 第1不活性化器
88 第2不活性化器
100 混練機
104 改質炭
Claims (8)
- 石炭を乾留した後の300℃以上の乾留炭に対して水を散布する第1散水部と、
該第1散水部によって水が散水された後の乾留炭に対して、内部を流れる第1冷却媒体によって100℃以上まで間接冷却を行う第1冷却管と、
を備えている乾留炭冷却装置。 - 前記第1冷却媒体が前記第1冷却管に導入される際の入口温度は、50℃以上100℃未満とされている請求項1に記載の乾留炭冷却装置。
- 前記第1冷却媒体は、ボイラ給水とされている請求項2に記載の乾留炭冷却装置。
- 乾留炭を受け入れるとともに軸線回りに回転する第1回転容器を備え、
前記第1散水部および前記第1冷却管は、前記第1回転容器内に設置されている請求項1に記載の乾留炭冷却装置。 - 前記第1冷却管によって冷却された乾留炭に対して所望の水分含有率となるように水を散布する第2散水部と、
前記第1冷却管によって冷却された乾留炭に対して、内部を流れる第2冷却媒体によって100℃未満とされた所望温度となるように間接冷却を行う第2冷却管と、
を備えている請求項1に記載の乾留炭冷却装置。 - 乾留炭を受け入れるとともに軸線回りに回転する第2回転容器を備え、
前記第2散水部および前記第2冷却管は、前記第2回転容器内に設置されている請求項5に記載の乾留炭冷却装置。 - 石炭を乾留する乾留装置と、
該乾留装置によって乾留された乾留炭を冷却する請求項1に記載の乾留炭冷却装置と、
を備えている石炭改質プラント。 - 石炭を乾留した後の300℃以上の乾留炭に対して水を散布する第1散水工程と、
散水部によって水が散水された後の乾留炭に対して、冷却管の内部を流れる第1冷却媒体によって100℃以上まで間接冷却を行う第1冷却工程と、
を有する乾留炭冷却方法。
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| JP2017504919A JP6404449B2 (ja) | 2015-03-09 | 2016-02-05 | 乾留炭冷却装置および石炭改質プラントならびに乾留炭冷却方法 |
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