WO2016139783A1 - Dispositif à cycle frigorifique - Google Patents

Dispositif à cycle frigorifique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016139783A1
WO2016139783A1 PCT/JP2015/056397 JP2015056397W WO2016139783A1 WO 2016139783 A1 WO2016139783 A1 WO 2016139783A1 JP 2015056397 W JP2015056397 W JP 2015056397W WO 2016139783 A1 WO2016139783 A1 WO 2016139783A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
refrigerant
heat exchanger
expansion valve
pressure
valve
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2015/056397
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
和之 石田
靖 大越
拓也 伊藤
正紘 伊藤
昂仁 彦根
Original Assignee
三菱電機株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 三菱電機株式会社 filed Critical 三菱電機株式会社
Priority to JP2017503277A priority Critical patent/JP6545252B2/ja
Priority to EP15883950.6A priority patent/EP3267130B1/fr
Priority to PCT/JP2015/056397 priority patent/WO2016139783A1/fr
Publication of WO2016139783A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016139783A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F25B41/24—Arrangement of shut-off valves for disconnecting a part of the refrigerant cycle, e.g. an outdoor part
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/30—Expansion means; Dispositions thereof
    • F25B41/385—Dispositions with two or more expansion means arranged in parallel on a refrigerant line leading to the same evaporator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B45/00—Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
    • F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
    • F25B47/022—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting
    • F25B47/025—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting by reversing the cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2345/00—Details for charging or discharging refrigerants; Service stations therefor
    • F25B2345/003—Control issues for charging or collecting refrigerant to or from a cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
    • F25B2400/0411—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the expansion valve or capillary tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/28—Means for preventing liquid refrigerant entering into the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2501—Bypass valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2513—Expansion valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2519—On-off valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/19—Pressures
    • F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
    • F25B2700/1931—Discharge pressures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a refrigeration cycle apparatus, and particularly to liquid back suppression during a defrosting operation.
  • an air conditioner or the like that cools or heats water using a refrigeration cycle device and uses cold water or hot water obtained thereby for air conditioning.
  • an air-cooled heat pump chiller corresponds to these refrigeration cycle apparatuses.
  • an air heat exchanger outside heat exchanger
  • a water heat exchanger room
  • the inner heat exchanger is used as a condenser (for example, when hot water used for heating is manufactured)
  • the air heat exchanger may be frosted.
  • Defrosting methods include, for example, a hot gas reverse method that operates an air heat exchanger as a condenser, an off-cycle defrost method that stops the refrigeration cycle apparatus, and a heater defrost method that heats by a heater installed near the heat exchanger Etc.
  • a hot gas reverse method that operates an air heat exchanger as a condenser
  • an off-cycle defrost method that stops the refrigeration cycle apparatus
  • a heater defrost method that heats by a heater installed near the heat exchanger Etc.
  • an air-cooled heat pump chiller performs a defrosting operation by a hot gas reverse method.
  • the refrigerant circuit is configured by connecting, for example, a compressor, an air heat exchanger, an expansion valve, a water heat exchanger, a refrigerant tank, and a four-way valve through refrigerant piping.
  • An expansion valve between the air heat exchanger and the water heat exchanger is connected in series with the circuit.
  • the refrigerant tank is installed between the expansion valve and the water heat exchanger, and is connected in parallel to the refrigerant pipe connecting the expansion valve and the water exchanger.
  • the four-way valve is connected to the compressor inlet side and outlet side, so that when one connection destination is an air heat exchanger, the other connection destination is a water heat exchanger. And vice versa, the connection destination can be switched.
  • the four-way valve is switched so that the refrigerant circulates in the order of the compressor, the water heat exchanger, the expansion valve, and the air heat exchanger, and hot water is produced in the water heat exchanger.
  • the four-way valve is switched so that the refrigerant circulates in the order of the compressor, the air heat exchanger, the expansion valve, and the water heat exchanger, and cold water is produced in the water heat exchanger.
  • defrosting operation of a hot gas reverse method is performed because frost may be formed on the air heat exchanger serving as an evaporator during heating operation.
  • the hot gas reverse defrosting operation is a defrosting method in which a high-temperature refrigerant gas (hot gas) discharged from a compressor is sent to a frosted air heat exchanger and the frost is melted by the heat.
  • the liquid refrigerant accumulated in the refrigerant tank installed between the expansion valve and the water heat exchanger flows to the compressor through the water heat exchanger and enters the compressor inlet. . That is, a liquid back to the compressor occurs.
  • Patent Document 1 a refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, a condenser, a throttle device, and an evaporator are connected by a refrigerant pipe is configured, and a flow rate adjusting device and a receiver that accumulates excess refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit are connected in series.
  • a refrigerant circuit is disclosed in which the above circuit is provided in parallel with the expansion device.
  • Patent Document 2 the compressor discharge unit and the low pressure after the solenoid valve are connected by a hot gas bypass, the refrigerant circuit is divided into a low pressure unit and a high pressure unit, and a defrosting operation is performed.
  • An accumulator is provided on the suction side of the compressor.
  • a connected refrigeration cycle apparatus is disclosed.
  • Patent Document 3 when the pressure on the high-pressure side of the operating refrigerant circuit rises by connecting the compressor suction portion and the rear of the solenoid valve and sandwiching the refrigerant tank therebetween, the refrigerant is caused to flow into the refrigerant tank.
  • a technique for reducing the pressure on the high-pressure side in the circuit is disclosed.
  • JP 2014-119153 A Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 7-52052 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-288427
  • Patent Document 1 configures a refrigerant circuit that adjusts the refrigerant flow rate according to the required refrigerant amount, and performs control to open the flow rate adjustment device and return the refrigerant accumulated in the receiver to the refrigerant circuit during a power failure.
  • Patent Document 2 The technology disclosed in Patent Document 2 is provided with a hot gas bypass connecting the solenoid valve to the compressor discharge side and connecting from the solenoid valve to the evaporator, and is installed downstream of the condenser during the defrosting operation.
  • the valve is closed and defrosting is performed by a circuit connecting the high-pressure side of the compressor and the evaporator.
  • a liquid back to the compressor is prevented by an accumulator provided between the evaporator and the suction port of the compressor, and a space for installing the accumulator is required.
  • a hot gas bypass is provided for defrosting. Therefore, the subject that the space in the machine room of a refrigerating cycle device had to be taken up occurred.
  • Patent Document 3 is a refrigerant circuit that connects a suction port of an compressor and an expansion valve and sandwiches a refrigerant tank therebetween, and stores the refrigerant in the refrigerant tank when the refrigerant circulation amount becomes excessive and the high pressure rises. It has become.
  • the solenoid valve is opened and the refrigerant is stored in the refrigerant tank. It was not configured to prevent liquid back into the compressor.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to enable liquid back suppression during a defrosting operation of a refrigerant circuit in a refrigerant circuit including a refrigerant tank (high-pressure receiver). It is what.
  • a refrigeration cycle apparatus includes a refrigerant circuit configured by connecting a compressor, a flow path switching valve, a heat source side heat exchanger, a main expansion valve, and a use side heat exchanger by a refrigerant pipe, and a hot gas
  • a pressure sensor that measures the pressure on the high-pressure side in the refrigerant circuit
  • a control device that controls the compressor, the flow path switching valve, and the main expansion valve, respectively
  • a series circuit in which a sub expansion valve capable of adjusting the opening, a refrigerant tank for storing excess refrigerant, and a solenoid valve are connected in series, the heat source side heat exchanger and the use side heat exchanger
  • the control device controls the opening degree of the sub expansion valve and the opening / closing of the electromagnetic valve based on the pressure measured by the pressure sensor.
  • the refrigerant amount in the refrigerant tank is adjusted, and the refrigerant amount necessary for the defrosting operation is output to the refrigerant circuit.
  • the liquid back to the compressor that has occurred during the defrosting operation can be suppressed.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a refrigerant circuit of a refrigeration cycle apparatus in a first embodiment. It is the schematic of the refrigerant circuit of the refrigerating-cycle apparatus of a prior art (comparative example).
  • FIG. 3 is a control flow diagram of the refrigeration cycle apparatus in the first embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which showed the relationship between the high pressure side pressure with respect to the time passage at the time of the defrost operation of a refrigerant circuit, and the motion of the solenoid valve accompanying it.
  • 6 is a control flow diagram of a refrigeration cycle apparatus in Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a refrigerant circuit of a refrigeration cycle apparatus in a first embodiment. It is the schematic of the refrigerant circuit of the refrigerating-cycle apparatus of a prior art (comparative example).
  • FIG. 3 is a control flow diagram of the refrigeration cycle apparatus in the first embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which showed the relationship between the high pressure side pressure with
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a refrigerant circuit 2 of a refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 in the present embodiment.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment is an air conditioner that uses, for example, cold water or hot water obtained by cooling or heating water for air conditioning.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 corresponds to, for example, an air-cooled heat pump chiller.
  • the refrigerant circuit 2 of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 includes a compressor 21, an air heat exchanger 22 (corresponding to a heat source side heat exchanger of the present invention), a main expansion valve 24, and a water heat exchanger 25 (utilization side heat of the present invention).
  • the sub expansion valve 26, the refrigerant tank 27, the electromagnetic valve 28, and the four-way valve 29 are connected by refrigerant piping.
  • the sub expansion valve 26, the refrigerant tank 27, and the electromagnetic valve 28 are connected in series in the refrigerant circuit.
  • the connected sub expansion valve 26, refrigerant tank 27, and electromagnetic valve 28 are connected in parallel to the main expansion valve 24 between the air heat exchanger 22 and the water heat exchanger 25.
  • the four-way valve 29 is connected to the suction port side and the discharge port side of the compressor 21, and when one connection destination is the air heat exchanger 22, the other connection destination is the water heat exchanger 25. And vice versa.
  • the switching of the connection destination is not limited to the four-way valve 29, and other flow paths can be used as long as the refrigerant circulation direction of the refrigerant circuit 2 can be reversed by switching the connection destinations on the suction port side and the discharge port side of the compressor 21.
  • a switching valve may be used.
  • the main expansion valve 24 functions as a pressure reducing device in the refrigerant circuit 2.
  • the sub-expansion valve 26 can change the opening degree to a fully opened, fully closed, or throttled state, and when fully opened, the refrigerant can be passed without reducing pressure or with little reduced pressure, and when fully closed, the refrigerant flow is blocked. be able to.
  • the sub expansion valve 26 When the sub expansion valve 26 is in the throttle state, it functions as a pressure reducing device in the refrigerant circuit 2 in the same manner as the main expansion valve 24.
  • the solenoid valve 28 can be opened and closed. When opened, the refrigerant can be passed without depressurizing or with a reduced pressure, and when closed, the refrigerant flow can be blocked.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 is provided with a pressure sensor 3 and measures the pressure on the high pressure side of the refrigerant circuit 2.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 is provided with a control device 4.
  • the control device 4 controls the operations of the compressor 21, the four-way valve 29, and the main expansion valve 24, and performs opening / closing control of the sub expansion valve 26 and the electromagnetic valve 28 based on the measured value of the pressure sensor 3.
  • the control device 4 is constituted by, for example, a microcomputer. The relationship between the pressure on the high pressure side of the refrigerant circuit 2 and the opening control of the sub expansion valve 26 and the opening / closing control of the electromagnetic valve 28 will be described later.
  • the air heat exchanger 22 is provided with a fan 23, and the fan 23 sends air outside the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 (outside air) to the air heat exchanger 22 to exchange heat between the refrigerant and the outside air. It is. If frost formation occurs in the air heat exchanger 22 during the heating operation, the air sent from the fan 23 to the air heat exchanger 22 becomes difficult to pass, and the efficiency of heat exchange decreases.
  • the water heat exchanger 25 becomes a condenser during heating operation, and heat exchange is performed between water and the refrigerant.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant dissipates heat to water in the water heat exchanger 25 and condenses to become liquid refrigerant.
  • the liquid refrigerant flowing out of the water heat exchanger 25 is depressurized through the main expansion valve 24 to be a low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant.
  • the solenoid valve 28 is normally opened, and the refrigerant that has exited the water heat exchanger 25 also flows to the refrigerant tank 27.
  • the refrigerant tank has a function of accumulating excess refrigerant during heating operation.
  • the sub expansion valve 26 connected to the refrigerant tank 27 is in a throttle state, and functions as a refrigerant decompression device.
  • the refrigerant made into the gas-liquid two-phase by the main expansion valve 24 and the sub expansion valve 26 flows into the air heat exchanger 22.
  • the air heat exchanger 22 becomes an evaporator during heating operation, and heat exchange is performed between the outside air and the refrigerant.
  • the low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant receives heat from the outside air in the air heat exchanger 22 and becomes superheated gas.
  • the refrigerant that has become superheated gas flows into the suction port of the compressor 21 through the four-way valve 29. After that, the same route is circulated again.
  • defrosting is performed by a hot gas reverse method.
  • the four-way valve 29 is switched as shown by the solid line in FIG.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant that has exited from the discharge port of the compressor 21 flows into the frosted air heat exchanger 22. Thereby, the frost which arrived at the air heat exchanger 22 is melted and defrosted.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the refrigerant circuit 102 of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 101 of the prior art (comparative example).
  • the refrigerant circuit 102 of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 101 is configured by connecting a compressor 11, an air heat exchanger 12, a main expansion valve 14, a water heat exchanger 15, a refrigerant tank 17, and a four-way valve 19 by refrigerant piping.
  • the refrigerant tank 17 is connected in parallel to the main expansion valve 14 between the air heat exchanger 12 and the water heat exchanger 15.
  • the four-way valve 19 is connected to the suction port side and the discharge port side of the compressor 11.
  • the air heat exchanger 12 is provided with a fan 13, and the fan 13 sends air outside the refrigeration cycle apparatus 101 (outside air) to the air heat exchanger 12 to exchange heat between the refrigerant and the outside air. It is.
  • the internal volume of the air heat exchanger is larger than that of the water heat exchanger.
  • the air heat exchanger 12 having a relatively small internal volume serves as a condenser, the amount of necessary refrigerant is less than that during the cooling operation, and surplus refrigerant is generated. Therefore, the refrigerant is stored in the refrigerant tank 17 during the heating operation. The same applies to the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 of the present embodiment.
  • the refrigerant accumulated in the refrigerant tank 17 is connected to the air heat exchanger 12 on the discharge side of the compressor 11 and the water heat exchanger 15 on the suction side to reverse the circulation of the refrigerant with respect to the heating operation. All flow out onto the main refrigerant circuit. However, if all excess refrigerant flows out of the refrigerant tank 17, the amount of refrigerant is larger than the amount of refrigerant required during the defrosting operation, and the liquid refrigerant that has accumulated in the refrigerant tank 17 passes through the water heat exchanger 15 and flows into the compressor 11. It flows into the suction side and a liquid back occurs. Therefore, some countermeasures against liquid back are necessary in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 101 of the comparative example.
  • FIG. 3 is a control flow diagram of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 in the present embodiment.
  • a refrigerant circuit 2 like the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 is configured to prevent liquid back by the control described below. ing.
  • control device 4 installed in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 causes the pressure on the high-pressure side in the refrigerant circuit 2 (for example, the refrigerant pipe between the discharge port of the compressor 21 and the four-way valve 29).
  • the pressure of the pressure sensor 3 measuring the pressure of the refrigerant circuit 2 is detected and a change with time in the pressure on the high pressure side of the refrigerant circuit 2 is detected. It is determined whether it is lower (control step S1).
  • control step S1 When the high-pressure side pressure is lower than the determination high pressure, the control device 4 closes the electromagnetic valve 28 (control step S2), fully opens the sub expansion valve 26 (control step S3), and removes the refrigerant in the refrigerant tank 27 from the main circuit 5. Put it in.
  • the main circuit 5 is a part of a circuit in which the refrigerant is circulated by connecting the compressor 21, the four-way valve 29, the air heat exchanger 22, the main expansion valve 24, and the water heat exchanger 25 with refrigerant piping.
  • control device 4 opens the solenoid valve 28 (control step S4), fully closes the sub expansion valve 26 (control step S5), and removes the refrigerant in the main circuit 5 from the solenoid valve. It puts into the refrigerant tank 27 from 28 side. As a result, an amount of refrigerant necessary for defrosting can be output to the main circuit 5, and an effect of avoiding problems such as liquid back to the compressor 21 caused by excessive refrigerant in the main circuit 5 can be obtained.
  • control step S6 determines whether or not the defrosting operation end condition is satisfied.
  • the process returns to the control step S1 again.
  • the defrosting operation end condition is satisfied, the control during the defrosting operation is ended.
  • the defrosting operation end condition is, for example, when the temperature of the air heat exchanger 22 is equal to or higher than a specified value, or when the elapsed time from the start of the defrosting operation is equal to or higher than a specified value, or when both are satisfied. It is determined by the conditions such as.
  • FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the high-pressure side pressure with respect to the passage of time during the defrosting operation of the refrigerant circuit 2 and the movement of the electromagnetic valve 28 associated therewith.
  • the pressure in FIG. 4 is the pressure on the high pressure side in the refrigerant circuit 2. Specifically, the pressure of the refrigerant on the discharge side of the compressor 21 and between the compressor 21 and the four-way valve 29 is measured.
  • the pressure in the refrigerant circuit 2 increases with time.
  • the rate of increase in the pressure in the refrigerant circuit 2 with respect to the passage of time is larger than the standard (that is, the slope of the straight line in FIG.
  • control device 4 determines that the pressure is high.
  • the control device 4 determines that the pressure is low. In accordance with this determination, the control device 4 controls the opening and closing of the sub expansion valve 26 and the electromagnetic valve 28 as described above.
  • the control device 4 can also close the electromagnetic valve 28 and control the sub expansion valve 26 to the throttle state.
  • the pressure in the main circuit 5 may increase immediately.
  • the high-pressure side pressure exceeds the determination high pressure
  • the sub-expansion valve 26 is fully closed again and the solenoid valve 28 is closed. Will be controlled to open. Then, it is necessary to frequently perform opening / closing control of the sub expansion valve 26 and the electromagnetic valve 28, and the operation is not stable.
  • by restricting the opening of the sub expansion valve 26 the amount of outflow from the refrigerant tank 27 to the main circuit 5 can be controlled, and the fluctuation in the pressure of the main circuit 5 can be moderated. Thereby, the frequency of opening and closing of the sub expansion valve 26 and the electromagnetic valve 28 can be reduced, and the defrosting operation of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 can be performed stably.
  • FIG. 5 is a control flow diagram of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 in the present embodiment.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment performs heating operation with the sub expansion valve 26 throttled and the electromagnetic valve 28 opened.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 switches the four-way valve 29 to change the circulation direction of the refrigerant.
  • the control device 4 fully opens the sub expansion valve 26 and closes the electromagnetic valve 28 (control step S0).
  • control step S1 the control device 4 detects a change in the pressure on the high pressure side of the refrigerant circuit 2 with respect to time, and determines whether it is equal to or higher than a determination high pressure (corresponding to a specified value of the present invention) judge. That is, the same control steps S1 to S6 as in the first embodiment are performed.
  • the refrigerant stored in the refrigerant tank 27 flows out to the main circuit 5 through the sub expansion valve 26.
  • the pressure on the high pressure side of the refrigerant circuit 2 increases.
  • the control device 4 The valve 28 is opened, and the sub expansion valve 26 is closed.
  • control steps S4-S5 are controlled through the control step S1.
  • the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 2 flows into the refrigerant tank 27 through the electromagnetic valve 28.
  • coolant in the refrigerant circuit 2 used as the high pressure reduces, and the pressure in the refrigerant circuit 2 falls. If the pressure on the high pressure side of the refrigerant circuit 2 is lower than the specified value even when the refrigerant flows out to the main circuit 5, the control device 4 opens the sub expansion valve 26 and closes the electromagnetic valve 28.
  • control device 4 determines whether or not the defrosting operation end condition is satisfied. When the defrosting operation end condition is not satisfied, the process returns to the control step S1 again. When the defrosting operation end condition is satisfied, the control device 4 performs control to fully open the sub expansion valve 26 and close the electromagnetic valve 28 (control step S7). Thereafter, the four-way valve 29 is switched and the heating operation is resumed. During the heating operation, the air heat exchanger 22 side of the refrigerant circuit 2 is on the low pressure side, but immediately after the heating operation is started, liquid refrigerant is present in the air heat exchanger 22 due to the defrosting operation.
  • control step S7 should just set the predetermined time before completion
  • the control step S7 ends when a predetermined time has elapsed, and the defrosting control ends. Thereafter, the heating operation is resumed.
  • a pressure change in the refrigerant circuit 2 is detected, and when the pressure satisfies a predetermined condition, the process proceeds to the control step S7.
  • the control step S7 is terminated, and the defrosting is performed. Control ends.
  • the amount of refrigerant in the main circuit 5 is maintained appropriately, and the pressure is also maintained at an appropriate value. Therefore, when switching from heating operation to defrosting operation and when switching from defrosting operation to heating operation, it can suppress that the liquid back to compressor 21 arises.
  • 1 refrigeration cycle device 2 refrigerant circuit, 3 pressure sensor, 4 control device, 5 main circuit, 11 compressor, 12 air heat exchanger, 13 fan, 14 main expansion valve, 15 water heat exchanger, 17 refrigerant tank, 18 Solenoid valve, 19 four-way valve, 21 compressor, 22 air heat exchanger, 23 fan, 24 main expansion valve, 25 water heat exchanger, 26 sub expansion valve, 27 refrigerant tank, 28 electromagnetic valve, 29 four-way valve, 101 freezing Cycle device, 102 refrigerant circuit.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif à cycle frigorifique permettant de supprimer un retour de fluide vers un compresseur au moment d'une opération de dégivrage à gaz chaud du type inverse. Le dispositif à cycle frigorifique (1) selon l'invention exécute une opération de dégivrage à gaz chaud du type inverse et comprend un circuit de réfrigérant (2) configuré de sorte que les éléments suivants soient raccordés par une canalisation de réfrigérant: un compresseur (21); une soupape de commutation de trajet d'écoulement (29); un échangeur de chaleur côté source de chaleur (22); un détendeur principal (24); et un échangeur de chaleur côté utilisation (25). Le dispositif à cycle frigorifique (1) comprend les éléments suivants: un capteur de pression (3) permettant de mesurer la pression sur le côté haute pression dans le circuit de réfrigérant; et un dispositif de commande (4) permettant de commander le compresseur (21), la soupape de commutation de trajet d'écoulement (29) et le détendeur principal (24). Un circuit en série est raccordé à l'intérieur de celui-ci en série à un détendeur secondaire (26) pour lequel le degré d'ouverture peut être réglé, à un réservoir de réfrigérant (27) permettant de stocker l'excès de réfrigérant et à une électrovanne. Le circuit en série est raccordé en parallèle au détendeur principal (24) qui est raccordé entre l'échangeur de chaleur côté source de chaleur (22) et l'échangeur de chaleur côté utilisation (25). Le dispositif de commande (4) commande le degré d'ouverture du détendeur secondaire (26) et l'ouverture et la fermeture de l'électrovanne (28) sur la base de la pression mesurée par le capteur de pression (3).
PCT/JP2015/056397 2015-03-04 2015-03-04 Dispositif à cycle frigorifique WO2016139783A1 (fr)

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JP2017503277A JP6545252B2 (ja) 2015-03-04 2015-03-04 冷凍サイクル装置
EP15883950.6A EP3267130B1 (fr) 2015-03-04 2015-03-04 Dispositif à cycle frigorifique
PCT/JP2015/056397 WO2016139783A1 (fr) 2015-03-04 2015-03-04 Dispositif à cycle frigorifique

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US20180231286A1 (en) * 2015-08-28 2018-08-16 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Refrigeration cycle apparatus
US20210341192A1 (en) * 2018-09-28 2021-11-04 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Heat pump device
CN114680360A (zh) * 2022-03-04 2022-07-01 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 用于烟草的烘干系统和用于烟草的控制方法
CN115993011A (zh) * 2022-12-13 2023-04-21 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 用于冰箱的制冷系统及冰箱
CN116045583A (zh) * 2022-12-13 2023-05-02 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 用于冰箱的制冷系统及冰箱

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CN110762755B (zh) * 2019-10-30 2021-09-28 Tcl空调器(中山)有限公司 一种空调器的除霜控制装置及控制方法
CN112665119B (zh) * 2021-02-02 2022-03-25 南通华信中央空调有限公司 一种直膨式空调机化霜控制方法
US12007149B2 (en) 2021-08-20 2024-06-11 Carrier Corporation Expansion control system on a centrifugal chiller with an integral subcooler

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US20210341192A1 (en) * 2018-09-28 2021-11-04 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Heat pump device
CN114680360A (zh) * 2022-03-04 2022-07-01 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 用于烟草的烘干系统和用于烟草的控制方法
CN115993011A (zh) * 2022-12-13 2023-04-21 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 用于冰箱的制冷系统及冰箱
CN116045583A (zh) * 2022-12-13 2023-05-02 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 用于冰箱的制冷系统及冰箱

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JPWO2016139783A1 (ja) 2017-09-14
EP3267130B1 (fr) 2019-10-09
EP3267130A1 (fr) 2018-01-10
JP6545252B2 (ja) 2019-07-17
EP3267130A4 (fr) 2018-11-07

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